Mango
Industry Advisory Committee Annual Report 2013/14 Contents 1 Overview
3 Increase demand for Australian mangoes in line with Australian production to provide sustainable returns to growers and the supply chain
10 Increase marketable yield per hectare by improving fruit quality
18 Industry development achieved through effective delivery of research, development and extension, knowledge and information to growers
24 Investing in Australian horticulture
25 Across industry program
27 Mango program
29 Mango levy investment summary
The projects in this report have been funded by Horticulture Australia Limited (HAL) using the mango levy and/or voluntary contributions from industry with matched funding from the Australian Government for all research and development (R&D) activity.
Climate change RD&E
Throughout 2013/14, the Australian horticulture industry invested in a range of research, development and extension (RD&E) projects to better understand, adapt to and mitigate the impacts of climate change.
Horticulture Australia Limited (HAL) has invested in cross-collaborative programs, such as the Climate Change Research Strategy for Primary Industries (CCRSPI) and Agricultural Lifecycle Inventory (AusAgLCI), and projects within or across industries, such as on crop phenology, nitrogen and plant-waste management, regulated deficit irrigation, carbon and soil, urban forestry and environmental auditing.
HAL’s RD&E investment is obtained through industry levies, voluntary contributions and matched funds by the Australian Government. Overview
he main growing areas for the mango from the Mango Industry Advisory Committee the supply chain and develop systems and industry include Darwin, Katherine (IAC). Consultation with the IAC is essential strategies that individual supply chains Tand Mataranka in the Northern in determining the most critical investment could implement to improve transparency Territory; the Mareeba/Dimbulah region, priorities for the industry. Priorities set by the and trust. Townsville/Burdekin/Bowen regions, IAC include: • Extension: improve and use innovative Rockhampton/Yeppoon region and Bundaberg • Quality: impacted by a number of factors methods of extension to increase in Queensland; Gingin, Carnarvon and which may include maturity at picking, adoption of best practice and past and Kununurra in Western Australia; and northern pests and diseases, crop nutrition and current research outcomes. New South Wales. The industry supports postharvest handling. approximately 800 growers. In 2013/14, the Australian Mango Industry • Supply chain transparency: determine Association (AMIA) acted as the service At the time this publication went to print, where value is added and lost throughout provider on four projects. the crop forecast for 2013/14 is 7.2 million trays (weighing 7 kilograms each). This is 2.1 million trays below the 2012/13 season.
The NT experienced an off season with production dropping by two million trays in comparison to the previous two years. The NT crop also experienced Resin Canal Discolouration, lenticel damage and fruit rots. These issues, coupled with reports of immature fruit on the market floor, resulted in reduced consumer confidence.
Queensland experienced good production, but with mixed quality and the majority of fruit hitting the market over a short period, returns to growers at times were below cost of production. Growers have reported this has been one of the most difficult seasons to manage.
This report provides a snapshot of project activities in the 2013/14 year. The report’s sections are divided by the industry’s objectives to reflect the R&D and Marketing activities being undertaken that address these industry issues. Levy investment In 2013/14, the total income received was $1,411,364 of which the Australian Government provided $486,625 of matched funding to support 18 projects in the research and development (R&D) levy program.
The current levy is 1.75 cents per kilogam. A total of $1,007,409 was invested into research and development (R&D) projects and $543,012 towards marketing projects.
In addition to levy funds, $2,609,740 of voluntary contributions (VC) was provided to the mango industry for supplementing levy-funded projects and/or solely funding VC- only projects. VC funds were matched by the Australian Government for all R&D activity.
HAL is responsible for managing these funds and takes advice on how to invest the funds
1 The industry also contributes 2.25% of levy through effective delivery of research, export plan, review of available crop protection and/or voluntary contributions (matched development and extension knowledge practices, continuation of enterprise to 4.5%) to the Across Industry Program, and information to growers and the assessment and market access issues. which addresses issues that affect all of supply chain. A preliminary project looking into the horticulture, such as water availability, climate Each project in the R&D and marketing causes and management of Resin Canal change, biosecurity and market access. program addresses one of these objectives. Discolouration (RCD) (MG12018) started this S trategic objectives year. Field trials were run at two farms in the R&D program Darwin area to examine the potential role of The process of determining the industry’s Industry participated in developing the new fruit maturity, rainfall and production practices priorities began with the development of Mango Industry Strategic Investment Plan on RCD. the Australian Mango Industry Strategic 2015–2019. This plan will be used to guide Investment Plan 2010–2015 (SIP), which has The Data collection to facilitate supply chain the IAC and HAL in R&D and marketing levy guided R&D and marketing investment over transparency project (MG12007) improved investment for the next five years. Industry the past five years. The plan was updated in communication of wholesale and retail consultation meetings were held in all the 2012. data to industry with the employment of a major growing regions and the draft plan was Communications Officer. A new plan has been developed to reflect uploaded onto the AMIA website, the industry’s priorities and the Australian industry.mangoes.net.au, for industry Fruit maturity at harvest time affects Government’s rural R&D priorities. The plan feedback. fruit quality and consumer purchase. The will be reviewed regularly. The new SIP was Improving mango quality through accurate The Delivering mango technology project endorsed by the IAC. harvest maturity project (MG13015) was (MG10013) has continued to develop online initiated this season to monitor maturity at The industry’s objectives, as outlined in the extension material for industry to access in harvest time and on the market floor and current strategic plan, are: the areas of tree nutrition and picking and report back to industry. This information is packing. Information has also been extended 1. Increase demand for Australian designed to assist growers in managing the to growers at field days and workshops. mangoes in line with Australian challenges of fruit quality. production to provide sustainable The Mango industry capacity building The R&D program in 2013/14 consisted of returns to growers and the supply chain program (MG10016) concentrated its 29 projects. Of this, 11 projects were funded efforts in the areas of industry development, 2. Increase marketable yield per hectare solely by voluntary contributions (VC), and one communications, crop forecasting and by improving fruit quality project was both levy and VC-funded. biosecurity. Amongst other issues, this 3. Industry development achieved includes the review and development of an Marketing program Sprout Research were contracted to run a phone survey that gave an insight into consumer purchase behavior. This information will be used to develop the 2014/15 campaign. Merchandising activities this season included providing point of sale information to 300 green grocers for display and distribution to customers. A new initiative to record what shops stocked which varieties and at what volume also occurred. The second Mango Mess-tival was held in association with the North Bondi Surf Life Saving Club to lift the profile of the industry at the height of the season. Momentum is building with huge growth in attendees from last year and live TV coverage. A third event is already being planned for next season.
For more information contact: Jane Wightman, HAL Industry Services Manager T 0404 309 877 E [email protected]
2 Objective 1
Increase demand for Australian mangoes in line with Australian production to provide sustainable returns to growers Data collection to facilitate supply chain transparency
It is important to provide growers and the Daily reports on wholesale data was collected • High, low and average prices on each industry with accurate and timely information from the five key wholesale markets in variety in each market on market signals. This project makes this Australia – Brisbane, Sydney, Melbourne, • Daily throughput for some markets. information available through the internet, Adelaide and Perth. This information included which is more accessible for many growers, prices for a range of varieties, sizes and The reports are available through the especially during the picking period, when classes of fruit. Some markets also collect Australian Mangoes website, many growers have limited time. throughput data. The reports include: www.mangoes.net.au and the Ausmarket website, www.ausmarket.com.au. The project collects and provides all sectors • Daily price reporting throughout the of the supply chain with information from both season for each city the wholesale and retail sectors.
Price Range Most Sales Species/Variety/Tonnes Market State Region Pack Best Avg Kg Supply Demand Carrover Quality Low High Low High MANGOES, Keitt, No1 ADL Q SLTray 34.00 7 VLight Adeq Some Good Kensington Pride,No1,Unspecified ADL S SLTray 45.00 7 VLight Adeq Some Good Brook 7.38T BRS Q SLTray 12.00 - 16.00 7 Light Good Keitt BRS Q 18LCtn 20.00 - 24.00 10 Light Good Keitt,Extra BRS Q SLTray 24.00 - 28.00 7 Light Good Keitt,No1 BRS Q SLTray 16.00 - 24.00 7 Light Mixed Kent,Extra BRS Q SLTray 20.00 - 26.00 7 Light Good Kent,No1 BRS Q SLTray 18.00 - 20.00 7 Light Good Palmer,Extra BRS Q SLTray 20.00 - 26.00 7 Light Good Palmer,No1 BRS Q SLTray 14.00 - 20.00 7 Light Good Brook MLB Q SLTray 18.00 - 20.00 22.00 7 Mod Fair Some Fair Keitt MLB Q 18LCtn 20.00 - 25.00 10 Mod Fair Some Fair Keitt MLB Q SLTray 20.00 - 24.00 26.00 7 Light Fair Some Fair Kensington Pride,Unspecified MLB N SLTray 20.00 - 35.00 7 VLight Fair Some Fair Palmer MLB Q 18LCtn 15.00 10 Light Slow Some Fair Palmer MLB Q SLTray 15.00 - 20.00 25.00 7 Light Fair Some Fair Culinary,Unspecified MLB Y Kg 5.00 - 5.50 1 Mod Fair Some Fair Honey Gold,No1 SYD N SLTray 30.00 - 40.00 45.00 7 VLight Good Some Mixed Honey Gold,No2 SYD N SLTray 20.00 - 30.00 7 VLight Fair Some Mixed Keitt,No1 SYD Q SLTray 20.00 - 24.00 26.00 7 Mod Fair Some Fair Keitt,No2 SYD Q SLTray 10.00 - 16.00 14.00 - 16.00 7 Mod Slow Some Mixed Kensington Pride,Extra SYD N SLTray 50.00 - 55.00 7 VLight Fair Some Fair Kensington Pride,No1,Unspecified SYD N SLTray 18.00 - 30.00 7 VLight Slow Some Mixed Kensington Pride,No2 SYD N SLTray 12.00 - 16.00 7 VLight Slow Some Mixed Kensington Pride,Out of Grade SYD N SLTray 6.00 - 12.00 7 VLight Slow Some Poor Palmer SYD Q SLTray 14.00 - 20.00 18.00 7 Mod Slow Some Mixed
Since September 2010, retail data is being supermarkets and independent fruit and movement, which is also available on the collected on a weekly basis from 16 retail vegetable stores. The data is uploaded website. This example is for a week in early stores (major chains and independents) weekly and contains information on the March 2014. in four capital cities – Sydney, Melbourne, range of mango varieties. The table contains The reports are available through the mango Brisbane and Perth. The stores surveyed an example of the data collected and the includes Coles, Woolworths, independent graphs are a graphical representation of price industry website, industry.mangoes.net.au.
3 Weekly mango retail prices by store, state & variety - as at 3 March 2014
Average / Total StoreType Store Location Store Region Product Unit Price On Special Country of Origin Weight I Carindale Brisbane Pearl 302 $3.00 Store Special Australia Woolworths Garden City Brisbane Keitt 460 $1.98 No Australia I Greenslopes Brisbane Keitt 525 $2.39 Store Special Australia I Greenslopes Brisbane Keitt 525 $3.00 Store Special Australia I Greenslopes Brisbane Keitt 540 $2.39 Store Special Australia I Greenslopes Brisbane Keitt 540 $3.00 Store Special Australia IC Ipswich Rd Buranda Brisbane Palmer 15 $9.99 Store Special Australia IC Ipswich Rd Buranda Brisbane Palmer 700 $2.99 No Australia I Toowong Brisbane Keitt 625 $2.99 Store Special Australia I Toowong Brisbane Keitt 625 $2.50 Store Special Australia Coles Upper Mt Gravatt Brisbane Keitt 340 $2.98 No Australia Safeway Brunswick Square Melbourne Keitt 390 $1.75 Catalogue Special Australia Coles Brunswick Square Melbourne Keitt 550 $1.75 Store Special Australia Safeway Camberwell Melbourne Keitt 580 $2.68 Store Special Australia I Carnegie Melbourne Keitt 425 $2.25 Store Special Not Specified Coles Chadstone Melbourne Keitt 420 $1.75 Catalogue Special Australia Coles Chadstone Melbourne Keitt 420 $1.75 Catalogue Special Australia I Fitzroy Melbourne Other 305 $2.99 No Australia IC Kew Melbourne Brooks 450 $3.00 Store Special Australia IC Kew Melbourne Keitt 500 $3.00 Store Special Australia I Kew Melbourne Keitt 520 $3.49 No Australia I Kew Melbourne Keitt 520 $3.49 No Australia I Prahran Melbourne Brooks 420 $2.00 Store Special Not Specified I Prahran Melbourne Keitt 405 $2.00 Store Special Not Specified Coles Prahran Melbourne Keitt 390 $1.75 Store Special Australia Coles Prahran Melbourne Keitt 360 $1.75 Store Special Australia IC Richmond Melbourne Brooks 490 $2.75 Store Special Australia IC Richmond Melbourne Brooks 490 $2.75 Store Special Australia IC Richmond Melbourne Honey Gold 550 $4.29 No Australia I Richmond Melbourne Keitt 405 $2.98 No Australia I Richmond Melbourne Kensington Pride 390 $3.98 No Australia I Cannington Perth Kensington Pride 465 $5.99 Store Special Not Specified I Churchlands Perth Kensington Pride 340 $4.99 No Australia IS Como Perth Kensington Pride 390 $5.99 No Not Specified I Innaloo Perth Kensington Pride 320 $3.00 Store Special Australia Woolworths Innaloo Perth Kensington Pride 320 $3.98 Store Special Australia I Innaloo Perth Kensington Pride 320 $3.48 No Australia I Joondanna Perth Kensington Pride 540 $5.99 No Australia I Mt Lawley Perth Kensington Pride 390 $5.99 No Australia IS Shenton Park Perth Kensington Pride 460 $5.49 No Australia Woolworths Station Square Subiaco Perth Kensington Pride 320 $3.98 No Australia I Subiaco Perth Kensington Pride 320 $2.99 Store Special Australia IS Wembley Perth Kensington Pride 340 $4.99 No Australia IC Bondi Junction Eastgate Sydney Brooks 360 $1.50 Store Special Australia IC Bondi Junction Eastgate Sydney Honey Gold 410 $5.99 No Australia IC Bondi Junction Westfield Sydney Honey Gold 550 $9.99 No Australia Woolworths Bondi Junction Westfield Sydney Keitt 440 $2.98 No Australia IC Bondi Junction Westfield Sydney Keitt 580 $4.99 No Australia Coles Bondi Junction Westfield Sydney Keitt 550 $2.98 No Australia IC Bondi Junction Westfield Sydney Nam doc Mai 280 $9.99 No Australia IC Bondi Junction Westfield Sydney Palmer 390 $2.00 No Australia IC Bondi Junction Westfield Sydney Palmer 580 $3.00 No Australia IC Bondi Junction Westfield Sydney Palmer 580 $3.49 No Australia IC Bondi Junction Westfield Sydney Palmer 390 $2.49 No Australia IC Broadway Sydney Brooks 320 $1.50 Store Special Australia
4 Average / Total StoreType Store Location Store Region Product Unit Price On Special Country of Origin Weight IC Broadway Sydney Brooks 18 $19.99 Store Special Australia Coles Broadway Sydney Keitt 520 $2.98 No Australia IC Edgecliff Sydney Brooks 460 $2.50 No Australia IC Leichardt Sydney Honey Gold 550 $7.99 No Australia Coles Leichardt Sydney Keitt 560 $2.98 No Australia IC Leichardt Sydney Keitt 500 $3.49 No Australia IC Leichardt Sydney Palmer 370 $2.50 No Australia IC Leichardt Sydney Palmer 370 $2.99 No Australia IS Marrickville Sydney Keitt 360 $1.99 Store Special Australia IS Marrickville Sydney Palmer 750 $5.99 No Australia Woolworths Marrickville Metro Sydney Keitt 570 $2.98 No Australia I Marrickville Metro Sydney Keitt 540 $3.45 No Australia I Rose Bay Sydney Honey Gold 530 $7.99 No Australia I Rose Bay Sydney Palmer 600 $4.99 No Australia
Prices for Kensington Pride - NSW Prices for Kensington Pride - Vic
Prices for Kensington Pride - Qld Prices for Kensington Pride - WA
This project was funded by mango levies.
Project MG12007 For more information contact: Trevor Dunmall, AMIA T 07 3278 3755 E [email protected]
5 Resin canal discolouration
Resin canal discolouration (RCD) is a quality in a close geographic area and for different in the production of ‘sensitive’ fruit that, in defect that reduces the marketability of harvest dates from the same farm. turn, express the defect when exposed to mango fruit. Market reports of RCD have harvest and postharvest stresses. Preliminary Field trials at two farms in the Darwin area increased during the past two mango recommendations on selected production and were established during 2013 to examine the seasons. A one-year scoping project is postharvest factors that potentially contribute potential role of fruit maturity, rainfall and focusing on identifying factors that contribute to RCD will be made in June 2014. This will production practices on RCD. These were to RCD. also highlight appropriate production and among the most commonly perceived factors postharvest handling practices that may Fruit consignments from 13 growers in the associated with RCD based on a pre-season potentially minimise RCD. Darwin production area were monitored survey of growers, packers and wholesalers. for RCD at a Northern Territory packhouse The preliminary data suggest: This project represents an opportunity for during the 2013 mango season. The fruit was the mango industry to determine the extent • RCD can be present in the flesh without sampled at grading from 34 consignments. of RCD in the market and its potential obvious symptoms on the skin The sampled fruit were maintained in Darwin contributing factors. The project will also until ripe and served as library trays. The • RCD incidence is relatively higher in potentially enhance fruit quality outcomes remaining fruit were commercially packed, fruit exposed to commercial harvest and through improved field, postharvest and cooled and transported to the Melbourne handling procedures compared to fruit supply chain monitoring. Follow-on R&D will markets where produce inspectors were ripened directly off the tree be necessary to realise the full commercial engaged to assess a random selection of fruit benefits such as reducing the incidence of this for RCD upon their arrival. • RCD incidence and severity can be higher defect. in fruit picked immature as compared to Preliminary observations suggest that RCD fruit of more advanced harvest maturity This project was funded by mango levies and can be occasionally found in green fruit on voluntary contributions. the tree or on the grading table, but only when • RCD incidence can be higher in fruit the fruit and/or stems have severe and recent harvested within 12 hours of a rain event Project MG12018 physical injury or pathogen infection. The relative to fruit picked 60 hours after For more information contact: researchers also found that RCD increases rainfall. Dr Andrew Macnish, DAFF Qld in severity over time as fruit develop from T 07 5453 5984 The observations to date suggest that RCD firm ripe to overripe. Further, RCD incidence E [email protected] is likely to occur when field conditions result can vary markedly between different farms
Left: Extensive RCD in the flesh can develop in ripe to over-ripe mango fruit
Right: Injured mango fruit on the tree can occasionally show RCD through the skin.
6 In-transit ripening and predicting outturn quality
Reliable technologies for consistent in‑transit consignments deviated from pre-set in more than 10 percent carbon dioxide in ripening of mango, and predictive models temperature limits. The data indicated the the transport container after three days. for the ‘B74’ cultivar (Calypso™) are being potential for the transport containers to ‘B74’ mango is comparatively insensitive to developed to estimate the additional maintain fruit temperatures. However, there these high concentrations, but concentrations ripening required on arrival at the markets. were also instances of poor temperature above four percent represent a workplace Previous research in project MG10008 control with increasing temperatures during health and safety issue. The previous project confirmed the potential for in-transit ripening transit and significantly higher temperatures demonstrated the potential for maintaining by demonstrating that the new road/rail toward the back of the container. The causes CO2 concentrations below four percent using containers could maintain the temperatures for this poor performance were unclear, but in hydrated lime. Further testing this season of ripening mangoes. The project also tested several instances, loading with a gap between confirmed this, but also identified the need ethylene release systems to provide the the front of the container and the first pallet for further work to ensure consistent results. required ethylene treatment during transit, (which allows cold air short-circuiting) and Compact, energy-efficient CO2 loggers and tested the removal of excess carbon blocking the return air to the refrigeration developed by Maxtend (Mitsubishi) performed dioxide (CO2) generated by fruit respiration. unit by inappropriate use of ply sheets were well in monitoring CO2 concentrations. The current project was initiated to refine contributing factors. Better supervision of Future work will refine ethylene and CO these technologies and evaluate temperature, trailer loading practices is required. 2 control systems and monitoring technology. ethylene and CO monitoring systems to 2 Several technologies for ethylene release, A predictive model for ‘B74’ mango will use provide real-time data on container conditions including an encapsulated ethylene this information to estimate the additional during transport from the packhouse to powder manufactured by the University of ripening required at market to meet customer market. Queensland, and ethylene release through specifications. This will significantly reduce A review of existing temperature monitoring semi-permeable bags were further tested ripening costs and shorten the time between technologies available in Australia identified this season. Both systems demonstrated harvest and retail shelf. the XSense system as potentially the most the potential for sustained ethylene release, This project was funded by voluntary suitable with respect to cost, flexibility and but refinement is required to consistently contributions. capability for real-time data transfer. This provide two to three days of adequate system was tested in containers and trailers ethylene exposure. The research was limited Project MG12016 between the NT and Adelaide, and North Qld by ethylene logger availability, but work is For more information contact: and Brisbane. The system performed well underway to develop cheaper loggers to test Dr Peter Hofman, DAFF Qld regarding data acquisition and availability next season. T 0407 173 608 through its website, and email alerts on The CO produced by ripening fruit can result E [email protected] consignment arrival at market and when 2
U nderstanding purchase behaviour
Reliable information on consumer To date in 2013/14, 50 percent of Australian This project was funded by mango purchase patterns help the mango industry households purchased mangoes at least levies as well as levies from the apple to gain a better understanding of shopping once. The average Australian household spent and pear, avocado, banana, citrus, behaviour and allows for better promotion almost $15 on mangoes about three times lychee, macadamia, pineapple, papaya, planning throughout the year. in the year. Of the households that bought summerfruit and table grape industries. mangoes, two-thirds did not have children Voluntary contributions were also provided Nielsen’s Homescan Consumer Panel under 18 years. by the almond, blueberry and pistachio was designed to monitor and understand industries. household purchasing of packaged Senior couples are particularly important groceries and fresh produce. With as they account for 20 percent of spend on Project MT12010 10,000 demographically-representative mangoes. Senior couples spent 80 cents For more information contact: households, the Australian panel is now per kilogram less than the average buyer, Elisa King, HAL the second largest panel per capita in the but bought about 700 grams more than T 02 8295 2332 world, providing household-level data on a independent singles. E [email protected] continuous basis.
7 New fruit fly systems for market access
To access new and emerging international This new project builds on the successful preventing the entry of potentially-infested markets, Australian mango growers must work emerging out of its companion project, fruit into the commercial supply chain. be able to demonstrate that their fruit are (MG11005), which investigated the potential free from pest fruit fly larvae. Australia’s for untreated mangoes from a single Future work aims to expand on these mango growing regions are home to several production region (Katherine/Mataranka) monitoring and collection activities, as well tropical pest fruit flies and importing nations, to meet the importation requirements of as resolving the fruit fly host status of major understandably, do not want to risk importing fruit fly-sensitive markets. This new project Australian mango cultivars and piloting new new pests and diseases into their own is investigating the extent to which these fruit fly systems. horticultural regions. findings can be applied to other production Controlled cage studies will play an important areas in Australia. role in refining conclusions about the In its first year, the project focused on susceptibility of hard mature mangoes monitoring fruit fly populations in and around to fruit fly and other fruit factors (such as Darwin mango orchards and large-scale cultivar, maturity and skin defects) that may collections of Darwin-region fruit to assess the increase the susceptibility of individual fruit to background level of fruit fly infestation. infestation by fruit flies.
Prior to the 2013 mango season, an extensive Based on previous findings, this project will trapping grid was deployed across three major work with project partners to develop and production zones within the Darwin region implement ‘best-bet’ fruit fly management to monitor seasonal activity of two fruit fly systems on a commercial scale, and evaluate species, the Queensland fruit fly (Bactrocera their ability to meet the requirements of tryoni) and Jarvis’ fruit fly (B. jarvisi). The data international and domestic market access collected from this will be used to test whether regulators. Some of these evaluations will the underlying pattern of fruit fly activity in focus on packing shed systems designed to Darwin is similar to that observed in the reduce the risk of infested fruit entering the Katherine/Mataranka region under project commercial supply chain. Other evaluations MG11005. will focus on the ability to reduce the underlying risk of fruit fly infestation through In the 2013 season, the project assessed measures applied to suppress fruit fly Fruit fly cage trials in progress at the Katherine Research over 4,500 “Kensington Pride” mangoes from populations in the field. Station in 2013. Previous work has shown that detailed the Darwin region. Preliminary analysis of the There are substantial benefits to industry if cage trials are needed to further refine conclusions results is suggesting that, as documented in market access protocols can be developed about risk of commercially-harvested mangoes MG11005, the majority of infested fruit are that allow the export of mangoes into being infested with fruit flies, and in applying those those with some other predisposing defect, international markets without the need conclusions to all growing regions. While the risk of such as advanced ripening or broken skin. for expensive and potentially unnecessary infestation appears to be overall very low, this project is This is encouraging for the development of postharvest fruit fly treatments. These aiming to better understand the influence on host status new ‘systems approaches’ for mangoes, which benefits include strengthened market of key factors such as variety and maturity/ripening are likely to include inspection, grading, culling access into fruit-fly sensitive markets and status. (Images: T Alexander, DPIF NT) and packing processes as a key element for less chemical use in the field and in packing sheds, resulting in reduced risks and costs and increased profits to industry.
To achieve this outcome, market access regulators need to be convinced that untreated mangoes can be imported for their consumers, without also attaching an unacceptable risk of importing new and unwanted fruit fly pests. This project will play a critical role in building the evidence base that could transform and underpin market access arrangements for Australian mangoes for many years into the future.
8 Improving quality through accurate harvest maturity
Years of consumer research into mangoes consignments were tested for Brix levels. clearly indicates that one of the top two In addition, the consignments were factors influencing purchase is quality. assessed for a range of defects and Mangoes are subject to a wide range of disorders, such as resin canal, sap burn issues that can impact on quality of the and field blemish. fruit, both in the field and through the supply chain. Resin canal, which has become a significant issue over the past two seasons, There has been much conjecture about was evident in fruit from several regions the different aspects of quality and the and often only becomes very evident as the impacts on a consumer’s decision to fruit ripens. The symptoms often become purchase. Quality relates to a range of evident in the wholesale markets and more criteria, but importantly includes maturity evident in retail. and a range of defects and disorders. Other significant issues and defects were This project was developed to provide skin browning, sap burn, field blemish and an objective assessment of key quality lenticel spots. parameters, both in the field and in the market place. A report on the outcomes of this project will be presented at regional growers The project undertook two activities: workshops and reported in the industry 1. A small-scale assessment working publication, Mango Matters. with growers to test maturity, as This project was funded by mango levies. measured by dry matter, prior to harvest Project MG13015 2. In-market assessment of mango For more information contact: consignments in the Brisbane, Trevor Dunmall, AMIA Sydney, Melbourne and Perth T 07 3278 3755 wholesale markets. E [email protected] Orchard dry matter testing Checking a protein-based trap capable of killing This activity saw 215 Dry Matter (DM) tests both male and female fruit flies. A pilot study on one and 38 Brix tests undertaken on retained commercial farm in 2013 investigated the potential fruit samples with growers in the Northern for these traps to prevent the entry of mated female Territory. It was operated as a pilot study to fruit flies when placed around the orchard perimeter. assess the value and functionality of the If they are shown to be effective, tactics such as this activity. The outcomes of the tests will be could play a role in removing the need for postharvest presented to industry in a series of industry disinfestation to meet international market access. meetings during the first half of 2014. (Image: T Alexander, DPIF) In market assessment This assessment was undertaken by This project was funded by voluntary independent quality assessors in four key contributions. wholesale markets in Australia. Over 1,000 Project MG12017 consignments were inspected across the four markets, with more detailed quality For more information contact: assessments and Brix testing done on Austin McLennan, DPIF NT random consignments. 400 of these T 08 8973 9762 E [email protected]
9 Objective 2
Increase marketable yield per hectare by improving fruit quality
A systems approach to fruit fly management and market access
This project is developing alternative market This project focuses on the growing be attributed to the presence of overripe access protocols to allow mango exports acceptance of ‘systems approaches’ where or damaged fruit in the sample. However, a into domestic and international markets several independent control measures are very small number of hard mature mangoes without the need for postharvest fruit fly used in combination to deliver a similar or at harvest were infested with fruit fly larvae. treatments. Current treatments include greater level of phytosanitary protection than These few detections point to the need for chemical dips or sprays with dimethoate or a single postharvest treatment. a greater understanding of the relationship fenthion, fumigation with methyl bromide, between fruit fly risk and possible contributing When this project commenced, it was physical treatments such as vapour heat factors such as fruit maturity and cultivar. expected that a successful systems approach treatment, and irradiation. Treatments using They also suggest that fruit fly suppression for untreated mangoes from the Katherine/ dimethoate, fenthion and methyl bromide Mataranka region, NT, might include: are under threat of regulatory review, while other treatments such as irradiation can 1. Production areas with low populations of impact negatively on fruit quality. All involve tropical pest fruit flies additional costs and burdens to the industry and removing their requirement would have 1. Fruit harvested at the commercially hard significant advantages in terms of maintaining green mature stage, when the fruit are and improving market access for Australian less susceptible to fruit fly mangoes. 1. Packing, grading, inspection and culling Substantial research is required to build the processes to prevent ‘at-risk’ fruit from evidence needed to convince market access entering the supply chain. regulators that untreated mangoes can be Significant progress has since been made in imported without an unacceptable risk of evaluating each of these elements. importing infested fruit. Population monitoring Extensive trapping studies have provided valuable insights into the patterns of fruit fly activity in and around mango orchards in the region. Of particular note is that one of the four zones being studied (Mataranka zone) may be eligible for recognition as an area of low pest prevalence (ALPP) for Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni. Insights into the activity of a second fruit fly pest,B. jarvisi, are also proving valuable to industry.
In the 2013/14 season, baseline fruit fly activity data from these studies was used to design experiments to test if local fruit MAT Lure device used to suppress fruit fly fly populations could be further suppressed populations under a commercial-scale pilot within an orchard using the male annihilation study in 2013. The cup contains a wick technique (MAT). impregnated with a lure compound that attracts males of certain fruit fly species, and Investigating the impact of fruit an insecticide that kills them once attracted. maturity on host status Mass deployment around an orchard may help This project aimed to quantify the risk of to suppress fruit fly populations by interfering Female fruit fly on late-hanging mango. Results an untreated mango from the Katherine/ with the ability of female flies to locate and mate from extensive trapping grids are providing Mataranka region being infested with pest with male flies. This method, called the Male valuable insights into fruit fly activity around fruit fly larvae. Assessments of over 50,000 Annihilation Technique, is usually considered a Katherine region mango orchards that will help fruit confirmed that this risk is extremely supplementary treatment to other suppression in the development of systems approaches to low, and that the few detections can mostly techniques. (Image: T Alexander, DPIF) market access. (Image: A McLennan, DPIF NT)
10 strategies in and around mango orchards may be an additional element to consider, including in any proposed systems approach Reducing skin damage and for market access. Identifying research gaps improving postharvest efficiency In investigating the risk of untreated mangoes being infested under current production and of Calypso™ mango packing regimes, more specific research Skin damage can significantly affect the questions require testing. For example, investigated if withholding irrigation for up to saleable quantity of fruit. field-based cage studies in the 2013/14 eight weeks before harvest could reduce LD but they found that had either little effect on season started to refine conclusions about This project focused on identifying factors LD or, in one of the blocks, resulted in ripe the susceptibility of hard mature mangoes to affecting skin damage and postharvest fruit with more LD after irradiation treatment. fruit fly. Similarly, a large-scale pilot study in efficiency of ‘B74’ mango (marketed as 2013/14 with a commercial partner began ‘Calypso™’), with special reference to The researchers tested whether ripening fruit investigating the ability to suppress pest fruit reducing lenticel discolouration (LD). were less sensitive to irradiation-induced fly populations in and around mango orchards This defect causes darkening/browning damage, characterising the fruit response using current technologies such as MAT. of lenticel tissues and is more severe to several irradiation doses as required for Conclusion for fruit exposed to water and irradiation different markets. Regardless of the dose, treatments after harvest. irradiating partially ripened fruit resulted Overall, the research has shown good in ripe fruit with significantly less LD than Researchers at Agri-Science Queensland prospects for reducing the current reliance irradiating non-ripe green fruit. This strategy established that ‘B74’ fruit develops more on postharvest treatments to meet interstate may be a commercially viable option for lenticels than ‘Kensington Pride’ (KP), market access requirements for mangoes minimising LD where fruit can be air-freighted ‘Honey Gold’ (HG) and ‘R2E2’ cultivars, grown in the Katherine/Mataranka region, short distances to some markets. There was particularly during later stages of fruit NT. Importantly, the project is also providing also a gradual increase in the severity of LD development. They also found that a waxy guidance on the potential for applying a as the irradiation dose increased from 150, layer covering lenticels often becomes systems approach to market access beyond 300, 500, and up to 800 Gray (Gy). this original focus to other production regions sheared and cracked during later fruit within the Australian mango industry. growth, potentially rendering lenticels A three-year evaluation across five farms in vulnerable to water entry and associated the Northern Territory and Queensland looking While this project is due to conclude in damage. Phenolic compounds appear to at production factors that affect LD and the 2014, ongoing research work will continue accumulate in cells surrounding damaged potential to extend the harvest period was under a new project (MG12017) to ensure lenticels. completed. Production factors were analysed this project’s successes are built upon and to identify tree and fruit variables that may In the third season of the project, they developed to maximise the likelihood of predict LD in Calypso™. The results are evaluated several pre- and postharvest adoption by market access regulators and currently being analysed. The average harvest treatments. This included covering fruit on industry. window (the time in which each tree reached the tree with paper bags, surface coatings the minimum acceptable maturity of about This project was funded by voluntary such as carnauba wax to reduce water 14 percent dry matter and the time in which contributions. entry into the lenticels, and exposing the the tree dropped at least 10% of its fruit) mangoes to modified atmospheres after Project MG11005 was greatest in the hotter Northern Territory harvest to reduce the browning reaction For more information contact: production areas and narrowest at the cooler that causes discolouration. Austin McLennan, DPIF NT Queensland sites. This can allow later harvest T 08 8973 9762 While some treatments such as waxing in the hotter regions, thus improving flavour of E [email protected] and modified atmospheres reduced LD, the the ripe fruit. benefits were largely transient and modest. This project was funded by voluntary The team also tested whether tree crop contributions. load could affect LD by removing fruit Project MG10008 from the western side of the trees. The treatment reduced the percentage of For more information contact: sunburnt fruit, but had little impact on Dr Peter Hofman, Agri-Science Queensland fruit size, maturity or LD severity in ripe T 0407 173 608 fruit that had been irradiated. They also E [email protected]
11 Improving ‘Honey Gold’
Many ‘Honey Gold’ mango growers experience Differences in soil type, soil pH, rootstocks contractors, greater attention to sprayers and reduced profitability from low packouts of and quality of irrigation water (river versus spraying, as well as greater pest control during premium grade fruit. Initiatives to improve bore) exist. Why this property has lower early fruit set. Most ‘Honey Gold’ growers grow profitability by reducing under-skin browning incidence has not yet been established. other mango cultivars and have used methods (USB), increasing packout percentages, from ‘Honey Gold’ across their orchards. developing a crop forecasting model and Crop forecasting These improvements will help reduce the finding alternative outlets for non-premium The crop forecasting model being developed percentage of fruit downgraded because of grade fruit have been conducted over three correctly identified times of harvest and defects. seasons. overlap of Queensland production areas due to the mild winter. Third year results confirm Alternative markets for Improving under-skin browning that “Honey Gold” fruit reach commercial non-premium fruit USB develops as a bruise-like symptom maturity at 1,500-1,600 accumulated heat Last season a ‘Honey Gold’ branded 15 under the mango skin several days after sums, from the time of initial fruit set. kilogram bulk box was developed and was packing, and is particularly prevalent in fruit used again this season with great success. from hotter growing areas. ‘Honey Gold’ is Downgrades analysis The branding and fruit quality (all graded to particularly susceptible, but USB also affects More growers completed pack shed a specification) has helped this grade of fruit R2E2 and Kensington Pride. downgrade analysis reports compared with find a ready market place. previous seasons. The reports showed that There was minimal commercial USB this packout percentage increased for a number of A mod-12 box was designed for Class 1 fruit. season following improved fruit handling farms due to dry weather and improved farm This season a Harris Farm Markets exclusive procedures as recommended by previous trial management. Blemish/rubs were again the box was sold throughout the season with work. Further research, supported by a related most common downgrade. Late season scale extremely positive feedback. This will be project, confirmed that night harvesting outbreaks and fruit staining (after rain) were extended to more customers next year. is likely to significantly reduce USB - fruit issues on some farms. There was very little harvested from midnight to early morning Export markets were further developed this fruit disease in ripe fruit this season but some are less susceptible to USB compared with season with successful shipments to Hong lenticel spotting was evident in fruit picked afternoon harvested fruit. Kong, Singapore, Canada and Russia through after rain in North Queensland. export agents. ‘Honey Gold’ fruit were also One Katherine property consistently showed Farm visits have resulted in better pruning successfully supplied direct to Countdown lower USB in trials and commercial fruit. methods, use of commercial pruning New Zealand from Piñata. Three new processing opportunities for ‘Honey Gold’ were explored this year with very positive results. Piñata is also continuing to conduct some in-house trials with cut fruit, looking at different ways of increasing shelf life to provide ready-to-eat” ‘Honey Gold’ Mango tubs.
The project is now in its final stages and concludes this financial year.
This project was funded by voluntary contributions.
Project MG10009 For more information contact: Ted Winston, Tropical Horticultural Consulting Pty Ltd T 0412 534 514 E [email protected]
12 Manipulating flowering to extend harvest window
Mastering mango floral manipulation can but both seem to be disrupted towards the seedlings to commence further work after the enable producers to spread the harvest end of the dry season. There have been wet season. time to provide both market advantage and some problems of mango tip borer defoliating With the support of the Australian Mango productivity gains in their businesses. some branches, which needs to be controlled Industry Association, the trial use of ethephon before the start of the wet season if the By understanding the vegetative and flowering was approved by the APVMA and plants were flushing synchrony in response to hedging and patterns in mango and developing practices pruned prior to Christmas 2013 to generate pruning is to be maintained. The data is being that manipulate each phase of the plant’s flushes of different ages by the end of the wet processed to describe the duration of flushing growth so that floral induction can be better season. The differences between cultivars in due to prevailing temperatures. synchronised, this project aims to improve the response to ethephon, the effects on the greater uniformity in fruit maturity within A technique called aeroponics (growing flushing cycle and the amount of leaf loss of managed blocks at harvest. plants in containers and misting the roots leaves of different ages will be looked at. with a range of nutrients) is being used to The research involves testing combined Not all this work will be finalised but a evaluate the uptake of paclobutrazol and its treatments of timely pruning, appropriate progress report will be present at grower effect on flushing patterns and root growth. tree nutrition, application of plant growth forums in 2014. The preliminary trial to test the technique regulators and foliar nutrients. This knowledge appears to have been successful. There were This project was funded by voluntary will assist in spreading the harvest window distinct and repeatable differences between contributions. and improve the harvest efficiency. rootstocks evident in the amount of root Project MG12012 The researchers have been collecting growth and nutrient uptake. The researchers flushing data after pruning since May 2013 are now expanding the number of chambers For more information contact: for Kensington pride (KP) and B74. The B74 and have propagated a large number of Dr Cameron McConchie, DPIF NT flushing cycle is noticeably longer than KP, T 0419 884 037 E [email protected]
Integrating genomics into breeding Molecular genetic tools are being in earlier projects will be added to a DNA among them. This information will facilitate developed as part of the Australian Mango chromosome map developed in the Mango the testing of newly identified gene Breeding Program to support and improve Fruit Genomics Initiative. This map will markers and help identify trees suited to breeding. These tools will give breeders a be further enhanced by combining it with high density and high productivity orchard better understanding of mango genetics marker data from the USDA-ARS, Florida. The systems. and allow them to create desirable saturated map will form a genetic platform to Researchers expect that this improved cultivars faster and more efficiently. develop quantitative trait loci (QTL) for genes breeding efficiency will lead to new mango of interest to improve breeding efficiency and The project commenced in March 2013 cultivars with improved production and speed up the inclusion of new favourable and continues some of the research fruit quality characteristics, leading to the traits in new varieties. initiated in the previous breeding project release of new competitive mango varieties (MG09003). Gene markers identified in the map will that are suited to future Australian be assessed in Australian hybrid progeny production systems. This will improve The researchers are identifying genes and populations from the Australian Mango the mango industry’s ability to compete gene markers for disease resistance by Breeding Program for proof of concept. If nationally and internationally. screening potential gene markers across successful, these markers will represent breeding populations, segregating for This project was funded by voluntary new molecular tools for genetic profiling of disease tolerance. This will provide a tool contributions. breeding populations and improved breeding to identify resistance in other varieties efficiency. and breeding progeny, leading to faster Project MG12015 and more efficient breeding for disease The project will also undertake detailed For more information contact: resistance. phenotypic profiling of mango breeding Dr Ian Bally, DAFF Qld populations to identify the range of tree T 0419 679 463 Gene markers for tree architecture, fruit architecture, fruit quality and colour traits E [email protected] colour and flavour that were identified
13 Mango marketing
The key objectives of the integrated marketing campaign were to:
• Position iconic Australian mangoes as being associated with summer and fun
• Appeal to consumers’ sense of emotions
• Sustain consumer interest in mangoes throughout the season (October to March)
• Leverage first case auctions in Sydney and Brisbane
• Generate positive media, retail, trade and industry exposure
• Drive consumer education:
• ‘Kno w your mangoes: education of different varieties of mangoes
• V ersatility: communicate usage ideas The scale of the Mess-tival grew five times interview with the Chair of the Australian and occasions in size based on the previous year – in Mango Industry Association Board and Mango Mess-tival physical space, representation on the beach, nippers activities on the beach, which consumer attendance and the number culminated into a highly entertaining and On the first Sunday of summer 2013, the of nippers that participated in the mango impactful nippers mango eating competition. Mango Mess-tival was held at the iconic Bondi activities. Beach. The Mango Mess-tival is a fundraising The national audience reach was in excess of event for the NBSLSC that celebrates The funds raised in the Mango Mess-tival in 2.3 million and the coverage equated to more mangoes, summer and fun. 2012 went towards the construction of a new than $1.5 million in advertising dollar terms. NBSLSC club house. With the completion Building on the success of the 2012 event, of the new club house, the Mess-tival had a Mess-tival targeted local Bondi the Australian mango industry continued to prominent position in front of the building, retailer integration program partner with the North Bondi Surf Live Saving which is located on the popular beach. A targeted local Bondi retailer integration club (NBSLSC) to celebrate the official arrival program was conducted to drive community of summer and the peak mango supply The North Bondi nippers program is one support for the Mango Mess-tival. season. of the largest Surf Life Saving programs in the country with over 1,500 nippers The retailer integration program initially Giant inflatable mangoes were also out at sea aged five to 13. Around 700 of the 1,500 involved an audit of green grocers within a one and they could be seen from neighbouring nippers participated in the Mango Mess- kilometre radius of the Bondi vicinity. Seven suburbs a few kilometres away. tival challenges in 2013 and 6,500 mango stores were identified and the industry’s Mangoes were integrated into the nippers samples were distributed on the day, representatives individually engaged each Sunday activities on the beach. Children of all compared to 1,200 samples in 2012. of the stores. The retailers were extremely receptive and all the stores approached ages competed in mango-based challenges Channel 9’s Today Show including a mango relay, flag races and eating participated in the retailer program. competitions. To drive national media traction, live TV coverage during six weather segments on The program involved: In front of the club house, mango varietal Channel 9’s Today Show was hosted by media • P oint-of-sale material including bunting, stands were on display showcasing the and racing personality Emma Friedman. The brochures and posters four main varieties: Kensington Pride, weather crosses provided live coverage on the Calypso™, Honey Gold and R2E2. Thousands Saturday prior to the Mess‑tival to encourage • Mango Mess-tival branded T-shirts to be of consumers and mango lovers had the Sydneysiders to come down and join the worn by staff on the day of the Mess‑tival opportunity to sample the four different Mess-tival. to increase the event’s exposure varieties. The segments featured mango varietal display • A sign with the Mess-tival’s details stands, a mango BBQ demonstration, an displayed at the entrance of those
14 stores to entice the locals to come to the Green grocer merchandising Mess‑tival Green grocer merchandising aimed to deliver • “Proud Supporter of the Mess-tival” the wow factor at the point of purchase and posters displayed in the stores. to engage wholesalers and retailers to gain category support. One of the participating retailers has 23 stores in NSW and is known as a fresh Consumer research findings have confirmed produce specialist. The retailer provided that mangoes are largely an impulse buy strong support to the category by promoting with around seven in 10 consumers deciding mango tray sales on pallets. During the week to purchase the fruit once in store. The of the Mess-tival, the business recorded sales strategy was to encourage green grocers to in excess of 1,000 trays a day at its peak. merchandise and build large displays in order to build in-store presence. Media engagement The industry commissioned merchandising Media contacts across TV, radio, magazines, teams that visited the top 300 green grocers newspapers and bloggers were proactively nationally. From the merchandising activity engaged with a media kit containing mango conducted over the years, it has become recipes, seasonal information, industry evident that large displays with attractive and consumption statistics, mango varietal point-of-sale (POS) material assist in selling information and images. mangoes. A selection of top media contacts were also The merchandising team negotiated the provided with a tray of mangoes, as well as placement of POS in 290 of the 300 top the media kit. green grocers to enhance mango displays, Social media generate awareness, educate shoppers, and of mangoes was varied this season. It was to encourage new usage occasions to drive especially challenging for some of the green A content strategy aligned with the broader sales. grocers at the start of the season when quality program was developed to reinforce key was registered as one of key area of concerns. messages such as mango varietal education, The industry also collected meaningful data recipes to inspire consumers, interesting facts via merchandisers this season. Kensington Cooperative promotions and statistics about mangoes throughout the Pride mango is the highest-rating mango Cooperative promotions aim to maximise the mango season. (88 percent), followed by R2E2 (70 percent), industry’s levy investment where commercial Calypso™ (48 percent) and Honey Gold (30 The level of engagement from Aussie Mangoes initiatives that are aligned with the industry’s percent) in the green grocer channel. facebook fans is extremely high – they often objectives are eligible for matched levy like, post and share content. Through the merchandisers, the green funding. grocers also provided invaluable feedback to A 20-week facebook giveaway promotion was Of the funds allocated for cooperative the industry. It was reported that the quality devised as an audience engagement tool. promotions, 50 percent was allocated for The promotion involved consumers posting answers to a different weekly question relating to all things mangoes, such as how they use mangoes at Christmas and their favourite mango childhood memory.
An advertising strategy to increase the page’s fan base was also employed and this strategy has been very successful and cost-effective in achieving that goal.
At the start of the season, the Aussie Mangoes facebook page had a fan base of just over 20,000, which grew by over 100% over the season. This level of success is unprecedented given the level of investment and resources comparing to other facebook pages.
15 marketing and promotion initiatives for the Export marketing activities in Hong Kong and domestic market whilst the remaining 50 Singapore were organised through the GMI. percent was for export marketing. The Industry The key objectives were to: Advisory Committee (IAC) endorsed the split • Engage the entire value chain to provide a as the vast majority of the 2012/13 budget high quality product to the final consumer was for the domestic market. • Increase mango exports and reduce 2013/14 cooperative applications were product wastage reviewed by a committee that consisted of Horticulture Australia Limited’s General • Develop an electronic-based product Manager of Marketing, the Mango Marketing quality handling program that can be Manager, the Mango IAC’s Independent Chair replicated in new markets and the Mango IAC’s Independent Officer. • Build and consolidate relationships with To ensure that the applications were key retailers and importers in Hong Kong considered equitably, a set of criteria that and Singapore were in line with the industry’s strategic marketing objectives was provided to each of • Build on the findings from the pilot the co-operative review committee members. merchandising program conducted in 2012/13 season in Hong Kong to develop To ensure that there was transparency on a merchandising model that can be funding as part of the condition of accepting used in other markets and other industry the funding, the applicant was required to sectors. submit a detailed final report. Additionally, as the projects were using industry funding, The Singapore merchandising program was a publish-ready abstract that outlined the conducted in collaboration with the retail benefit to the industry whilst still maintaining chain Cold Storage to promote R2E2 and confidentiality was also required. CalypsoTM varieties across 50 stores. The program ran from December 2013 to January Export promotions 2014. In-store activities included sampling, • There was a significantly noticeable POS support and staff training. Export promotions were predominantly increase in Wellcome’s store manager developed and implemented through the The Hong Kong merchandising program was knowledge of Australian mangoes. Queensland government’s Global Market conducted in collaboration with the retail Initiative (GMI) program, Austrade offices and • The gift with purchase promotion worked chains Wellcome and Jason’s Market Place importers in Asia, as well as retailers and well in increasing sales in Hong Kong. (the ‘highend’ store of Wellcome), across exporters. 60 stores – (30 Wellcome, 30 Jason’s • There were some quality issues noted, Market Place) to promote Kensington Pride, which translated into high wastage rates. Calypso™ and Honey Gold. The program ran The recommendation from the retail chain from 2 December 2013 to 12 January 2014. was to purchase mangoes that were less In-store activities included sampling and mature. merchandising support such as a ‘Best Mango Retailer’ competition, which provided staff • Consumers in Hong Kong are price training and incentives. sensitive and their knowledge of the different varieties of mangoes is limited. Results from the export promotions were very Pricing of the different varieties could promising: potentially lead consumers to discriminate on variety so it is important to educate • In Hong Kong, mango sales grew by 100% consumers about the specific attributes of in the Wellcome retail chain. each of the varieties. • K ensington Pride, R2E2, Calypso™ Activities conducted in the marketing program and Honey Gold had their own barcode were funded by the mango marketing levy. and were displayed separately. As a result, it was estimated that the shelf Project MG13500 space dedicated to the mango category For more information contact: increased by over 30% in the Wellcome Elisa King, HAL retail chain when compared to the T 02 8295 2332 previous season. E [email protected]
16 Managing Q-fly with SPLAT Cuelure
Recent and ongoing reviews of registered weathered for two weeks were killed within that there will be sufficient data to develop agricultural pesticides have reduced grower two hours, after a maximum five minute an integrated Q‑fly management program access to pesticides that control a range of exposure period. Lures were effective at based on MAT using readily applied SPLAT CL pests, including Queensland fruit fly (Q‑fly), reduced kill rates for up to eight weeks. + Spinosad formulations. It is also envisaged Bactrocera tryoni. There are a number of Given the strong feeding behaviour male Q‑fly that there will be other benefits, such as the new products and strategies that are being exhibit towards CL, and that males had to be inclusion of female lures together with the developed in the USA and the Mediterranean coaxed from feeding on both the SPLAT-5% SPLAT technology. region for other species of fruit fly that may be CL + Spinosad and SPLAT-5% CL, it would The benefits will include the availability suitable for use in Australian horticulture. be reasonable to assume that under field of an easily applied MAT technology with conditions male Q‑fly would have access to the In 2008, Vargas et al. tested a sprayable optimised field application that will lead to toxicant for a longer period than five minutes. ‘attract and kill’ formulation consisting of a a reduction in fruit fly populations, minimise waxy dispenser, called Specialised Pheromone In the outdoor cage study, the longevity of the reliance on older insecticides facing increased and Lure Application Technology (SPLAT) (ISCA SPLAT+5%CL+ Spinosad was most effective restrictions, reduced disruption of beneficial Tech., Riverside, CA), in combination with after one week weathering, however this insects and reduced secondary pest the reduced risk insecticide spinosad and lure/toxicant performed as well as, or better outbreaks. There will also be improved market either methyl eugenol (ME) or Cuelure (CL). than the MAT cups (Bugs for Bugs) across access for national and international trade The SPLAT formulation of biologically inert all weathering treatments (eight weeks through a SPLAT-CL based program to support materials is used to control the release of weathering). These results are consistent with Areas of Low Pest Prevalence (ALPP), Pest semiochemicals, with or without pesticides, our prediction that under field conditions, Free Places of Production (PFPP) with reduced and may suppress pests up to 16 weeks. males would have access to the toxicant for a residue risks. longer period. The amorphous and flowable quality of This project was funded by mango, avocado, this highly adaptable product allows for an The results thus far suggest that SPLAT-5% banana, cherry, citrus and summerfruit levies. easy transition from small scale manual CL+ Spinosad may be an excellent Project MT12001 applications to mechanised ground or aerial replacement for MAT cups as they contain application. It also lasts longer than gels and both a softer insecticide and don’t require For more information contact: similar thickened formulations which have a individual placement, but rather can be Dr Peter Crisp, SARDI reduced life in areas with warm temperatures applied using regular spray equipment. E [email protected] and high rainfall (Vargas et al., 2008). SPLAT T 08 8303 9539 By the conclusion of the project it is expected CL uses Cuelure as the male attractant and spinosad as a toxicant. This use of SPLAT CL is a form of male annihilation technique (MAT), which has been successfully used for fruit fly management in some countries but has often involved less benign toxicants such as maldison. SPLAT is also significantly easier to apply than most MAT systems, thereby reducing labor costs.
This project is assessing the efficacy of SPLAT CL as a management option for control of B.tryoni in a diverse range of susceptible crops such as mangoes, summer fruit, pome fruit, citrus, banana, cherry and avocado. A series of bioassays will investigate the effect of weathered lures on efficacy to assist in developing and optimising the timing of field applications. A series of field efficacy trials will provide data from a wide range of crops and environmental conditions for development of Q‑fly management strategies.
In the contact and feeding bioassay, all Q‑flies exposed to SPLAT-5% CL + Spinosad Queensland fruit fly on mango
17 Objective 3
Industry development achieved through effective delivery of research, development and extension, knowledge and information to growers Delivering mango technology
Access to relevant, timely information and including a nutrition planner for each of Footage and the voice-over script has been training resources emerged as a significant the mango growth stages will support the shot for a video, titled How to pack mangoes, issue raised by growers. presentations, providing a complete package developed in conjunction with the project on nutrition. collaborators and growers in the Mareeba/ Stage two of the Delivering mango technology Dimbulah area. project (DMT2) is piloting electronic A first draft of theHow to pick mangoes video information delivery to build industry was edited and uploaded to YouTube, prior to A three-page article on fruit spotting bug (FSB) knowledge and resources, such as making the start of the 2013/14 Mareeba Dimbulah damage on mature mango fruit, titled Will the workshops and online technologies available season. The link to the video was emailed to a real stem end cavity please stand up?, was through the Australian Mango Industry list of growers in the region. written for the Autumn 2013 edition of Mango Association’s (AMIA) website Matters. For many years, this damage was The video has had 174 discrete views with industry.mangoes.net.au. The site will also confused with stem end cavity, a physiological 168 of these from Australia and six from provide access to information that is currently disorder of mangoes, causing confusion with Estonia. A grower in the Mareeba area hard to access or out of print. growers and market agents as to the cause of employs Estonian pickers and packers each the disorder and possible remedial action. The focus of DMT2 is to use the internet and year and the link was sent to them prior to the multimedia technology to improve access to, commencement of the season, demonstrating The redevelopment of the AMIA website to and the adoption of, workshops and field days the power of the technology and indicating host all the resources developed in the project by mango growers and supply chain partners. the video is reaching its intended audience. will make the site a ‘one-stop shop’ for mango An online questionnaire will be sent to the industry resources and information. Based on discussions with industry original email list requesting feedback on stakeholders, priority areas were mango tree This project was funded by mango industry the video. The video will then be re-edited to nutrition and the continued development of levies. accommodate any required changes. picking and packing training resources. Project MG10013 Footage from the mango picking video will Developing a better understanding of mango be used by the Northern Territory Farmers For more information contact: tree nutrition is an issue continually raised by Association as part of their SapSAFETY Matthew Weinert, DAFF Qld growers as requiring simplified, but accurate project, which deals with the occupational T 07 4048 4651 information. An hour-long interactive workshop health and safety issues associated with E [email protected] on mango nutrition, titled ‘Food for fruit’, was mango picking and mango sap. developed in conjunction with four mango agronomists. The workshop was held twice as part of the field day at the 9th Australian Mango Conference, held in Mareeba and Cairns in 2013. Over 120 people attended the sessions and a copy of the workshop presentation was uploaded to the AMIA website.
The workshop was delivered again at the AMIA Roadshows for growers who did not attend the conference, and as a refresher for the coming season. Parts of the presentation were also used in the Mango Nutrition Workshop held in the Northern Territory in December 2013.
As a follow-up to the workshop, a six-page article was written and published in the Spring 2013 edition of the industry magazine, Mango Matters.
The nutrition workshop will be developed into a series of short voice-over presentations dealing with each of the nutritional elements discussed at the workshop and loaded onto the AMIA website. Complementary resources, Staff training video on how to pick mangoes will be available from the AMIA website for the 2014/15 season
18 Market Access Manager
The Office of Horticultural Market Access • Develop and maintain close working final rules to allow importation of lychees and (OHMA) is an industry-based committee relationships with relevant government mangoes from Australia. which was established to provide industry bodies involved in market access advice to government agencies for negotiating negotiations to effectively represent OHMA has held a number of discussions quarantine and non-quarantine market horticulture industry views to government over the last year about how to improve the access. OHMA aims to maximise the way it operates, including the possibility of • Communicate market access issues and opportunities for Australian horticultural expanding OHMA staff beyond the current one outcomes back to industry. market access through three key pillars: full-time position. Industry continued to see an important role for OHMA in prioritisation and While there have been some important • Raise the profile of Australian horticulture coordination of industry market access issues, achievements in the past year, the process by developing target market relationships but industry resources were not available to of gaining market access for horticulture with an industry focus as commercial expand OHMA staffing at this point. This will products remains a slow and difficult one. market access drivers be considered again when the current OHMA The usual lengthy process of securing project is due for renewal in September 2015. • Provide strong support to official access phytosanitary protocols in north Asian markets negotiations was supplemented by a trend toward more This project was funded by mango levies restrictive phytosanitary regimes in south- as well as levies from the Across Industry • Identify, support and guide science inputs east Asia (Thailand in particular but also program, apple and pear, avocado, cherry, (research and development) into market Malaysia and Vietnam), as well as import citrus, lychee, mango, onion, fresh potato, access. restrictions in Indonesia. The Australian strawberry, summerfruit, table grape and Chris Langley, the OHMA Market Access government has had a busy program of free vegetable industries. Voluntary contributions Manager, has worked to develop relationships trade agreement negotiations over a number were also provided by the Australian Nut with key exporting industries and government of years, but actually finalising agreements Industry Council and Australian Blueberry departments involved in the market access has proved elusive. The recent conclusion of Growers Association. process. The Market Access Manager’s role the agreement with South Korea is a notable Projects MT12028 & MT12029 is to: exception. For more information contact: • Work with industry to identify and set Recent market access achievements Chris Langley, Langley Consulting priorities and strategies for market access for mangoes include the United States T 0498 723 103 Department of Agriculture publishing the E [email protected]
19 Industry focus
The Mango capacity building program was Workshop content included: Crop forecasting and crop flow developed to deliver a range of activities • National season outlook Following a disappointing participation rate to the mango industry in four key areas: in the crop forecasting/crop flow system that communications; crop forecasting; biosecurity; • Industry benchmarking (cost of was developed for the 2012/13 season, and industry development. This project is now production) the system was not fully implemented for in its fourth year. • Mango quality issues the 2013/14 season. The 2013/14 season Communication • This season’s research activities highlighted the importance of industry having a better understanding of crop volume and For an industry that is spread across much • New varieties crop timing. Work in the early part of 2014 of Australia, targeted communication is • The season’s promotions was undertaken to develop the existing important. The communications area of the • Industry strategic planning. system and processes into a more robust program focuses on improving the monthly and useable system. This information is publication, communicating Australian These workshops enabled further input into being provided to industry during pre-season Mango Industry Association (AMIA) activities, developing the new Australian Mango Industry meetings and regularly through the season. continuing the quarterly publication, Mango Strategic Investment Plan 2014-19, which was Matters, and a providing a range of grower completed in early 2014 Biosecurity meetings and workshops. The industry continues to face potential threat Further industry workshops were held from exotic pests and diseases. Diseases A mid-term review of this project highlighted between March and May 2014. the need for greater emphasis on such as mango malformation and insect pests communication. As a result, AMIA employed Topics for discussion included: such as the red banded mango caterpillar are serious threats. a full-time communications officer in early • Mango quality 2014 to improve access to information • Resin canal discolouration research In 2011, AMIA contracted the noted plant for all sectors of the industry, timeliness pathologist Dr Greg Johnson to provide advice of communication and the content of all • Fruit fly research on the best methods of managing incursions. communication. Increasing the use of • Business benchmarking Greg’s advice provides the industry with electronic media to improve the flow of sound scientific advice on a range of issues, information to growers and other industry • Access to pesticides particularly in relation to mango malformation. sectors is a focus. The industry website, industry.mangoes.net. Since the initial incursion was detected in Events au, will be used to deliver more information November 2007, there have been several on research outcomes and issues impacting other detections. Significant work was been In August 2013, mango grower pre-season the mango industry. The videos, booklets, conducted to develop a better understanding workshops were held in the Northern Territory information sheets and planners will focus of mango malformation and its potential (Katherine and Darwin), far north Queensland on picking and packing, pests and diseases, impact on Australian mangoes. (Mareeba) and north Queensland (Ayr). The tree nutrition and canopy management. national Mango Conference was held in north This activity is done in conjunction with the The Industry Development Manager, Trevor Queensland during May 2013. Delivering mango technology, stage 2 project Dunmall, also participates in the Consultative (MG10013), Committee on Emergency Plant Pests,
Participants at the 9th Australian Mango Conference
20 Australia’s key technical body for coordinating national responses to emergency plant pest incursions, for any other pest and disease Mango Industry Strategic incursions that occur. Industry development Investment Plan Enterprise assessment The Australian Mango Industry Strategic The plan recognises the need for the Howard Hall from CDI Pinnacle Management Investment Plan 2014–2019 will provide a Australian mango industry to be “a has extended the Enterprise Assessment pilot clear direction for advancing the industry sustainable, profitable and growing sector project into a large project, increasing the and define the key outcomes required from by producing and marketing a product number of businesses participating from 18 to investing industry and government funds range that meets consumers’ expectations, 45. The project will continue until July 2014. over the next five years. in regard to: quality; flavour; value; convenience; health and nutrition; food The strategic intent of the new plan is The results of the Mango consumer safety; and environmental credentials” and to capitalise on the unique character of benchmarking project (MG13001) were its aim is “to achieve this through continued Australian mangoes in order to maximise presented to participating businesses investment in research and development, market opportunities and profitability for and general information was presented at managing biosecurity, developing efficient growers. post‑season workshops in early 2014. and effective production systems and Mango export forum During 2013, a series of regional supply chains, and identifying and capturing consultation meetings were held new market opportunities.” The Third Annual Mango Export Forum was with growers, researchers and other held in June 2014 and follows-on from The plan focuses on the industry’s position stakeholders to understand the issues previous successful forums held in 2012 and and strategic needs within three key priority impacting the industry, particularly where 2013. The workshop’s main focus was to areas: research, development, extension and provide an opportunity for growers, exporters, marketing could assist in meeting the 1. supply: ensuring a consistent industry and government representatives short, medium and long-term needs of and sustainably-grown supply of to work together to gain consensus on the production businesses and the broader quality Australian mangoes so that activities that need to be undertaken, both sector. A draft plan was developed for consumers can confidently purchase at an industry and business level to further consideration by the Mango Industry Australian mangoes and mango develop Australia’s mango export market. The Advisory Committee and broader industry. products that meet their needs and forum also focused on the development of the Following feedback and adjustment, the expectations three-year mango export plan. final plan is now in the approval process. 2. Demand: increasing demand for Market access At current levy rates, it is expected that Australian mangoes AMIA continues to communicate with the approximately $5.5 to $6.5 million 3. Indus try capacity development: Office of the Horticulture Market Access will be invested into industry research, ensuring the Australian mango (OHMA) and the Department of Agriculture development and extension (R&D) and industry has appropriate relationships on biosecurity to develop market access to marketing over the next five years. This is and resources to effectively manage targeted export markets. In September 2013, based on approximately $700,000 R&D industry development and build the United States Department of Agriculture and $450,000 marketing expenditure in industry capacity. advised that approval had been granted to 2013/14. One of the key roles of the new allow the import of Australian mangoes into plan is to demonstrate to levy payers that Within each of these strategy areas are a the USA. The work plan that explains the their money is being and will be invested number of sub-strategies that outline how operational requirements of the protocol is in the most effective way to achieve the objectives of the plan might be met. currently being developed for implementation sustainability, profitability and growth for the in 2014. sector. Likewise, the Australian Government This project was funded by mango levies. can be assured that industry levies and This project was funded by mango levies and Project MG12011 matched funds from the Government are voluntary contributions. being allocated appropriately and are For more information contact: Jenny Margetts, Plant and Food Research Australia Project MG10016 addressing their Rural R&D priorities. T 0418 215 176 For more information contact; Importantly, this document can also E [email protected] Trevor Dunmall, AMIA assist in guiding investment from other T 07 3278 3755 stakeholders and provides a context for E [email protected] R&D that might be funded outside of the industry levy.
21 Building capacity in the NT industry
A project that aims to build more resilient and on 2012 achievements and to seek damage on Darwin mango farms profitable production systems in the Northern guidance on new learning directions • Export development out of the Port of Territory is actively involving participants in • Briefings on NT biosecurity laws and Darwin to Asia or the Middle East setting the direction of their learning. regulations for bushfire mitigation between • Kensington Pride fruit maturity colour The project has a four-phase set of objectives: neighbours standards for in-field and shed use Phase 1: Benchmarking participant • Updates to growers on the technical • Meeting of growers to participate in farm production systems, management and aspects of a study investigating the effect financial benchmarking experiences, and identifying practice or of fruit quality standards at picking/grading • Communicating learnings from group knowledge gaps. in mitigating strike incidence in mangoes activities and initiatives and associated • A mango leafhopper field alkw for Phase 2: Identifying priority areas for mango articles in the Plant Industries identification and current best practice research and learning activities. monthly E-Newsletter management Phase 3: Implementing activities such • Mango Orchard nutrition workshops. • A workshop to revise individual harvest as workshops, farm walks, research or maturity estimations using heat-sum This project was funded by voluntary demonstrations trials. calculations and dry matter estimates contributions. Phase 4: Evaluating participants’ reactions, • Insect IPM workshops Project MG12005 changes in knowledge, attitudes skills and For more information contact: aspirations, and the broader impact of the • Initiating research to assess the causes of Warren Hunt, DPIF NT activities delivered in the program. resin canal in mango T 08 8999 2143 • The idea of a collaborative research Activities in 2013 included: E [email protected] program to assess the level of impact, • Small group meetings to provide feedback distribution and timing of magpie geese
Addressing provisional MRLs for Japan and Taiwan
Japan and Taiwan require the submission azamethiphos, bacitracin, butroxydim, The next data submission included: of data packages to either maintain or carbaryl, carbonyl sulphide, carfentrazone- 2-phenylphenol, bupirimate, clodinafop establish domestic Maximum Residue ethyl, clofentezine, cypermethrin, acid, daminozide, DDT, fenprostalene, Limits (MRLs) that act as import diphenylamine, Diuron, dodine, ethylene hexachlorobenzene, imazapyr, tolerances. The Ministry of Health, Labour dichloride, fenvalerate, fluazifop, fluazuron, methabenzthiazuron, metosulam, and Welfare (MHLW) in Japan is assessing flumethrin, flupropanate, furathiocarb, napropamide, oxabetrinil, oxacillin, provisional MRLs and requires supporting halofuginone, kitasamycin, maduramicin, oxadixyl, phenothrin, propaquizafop, data. To minimise potential trade MCPB, moxidectin, naphthalophos, robenidine, sulfatroxazole, tebuthiuron, disruption support for Australian‑based norgestomet, novobiocin, omethoate, temephos, terbutylazine, thifensulfuron, provisional MRLs was needed. permethrin, piperonyl butoxide, pirimiphos- tri-allate, triflumuron. methyl, pyraclofos, salinomycin, terbutryn, Input was sought from potentially thiometon, Triadimenol. affected horticultural industries on The final data submission is planned for mid-2014. priority chemicals and MRLs requiring Each APVMA submission to Japan includes: support in Japan and Taiwan. For priority This project was funded by mango levies • A list of Australian MRLs for currently chemicals, data packages are being as well as levies from the almond, apple approved uses prepared by the Australian Pesticides and and pear, citrus, macadamia, mango and Veterinary Medicines Authority (APVMA) for • Copies of Australian product labels table grape industries. submission to MHLW by the Department of detailing approved uses Agriculture. Project MT12045 • Copies of toxicology evaluations For more information contact: The first submission to Japan in was for the Kevin Bodnaruk, AKC Consulting following chemicals: 2,2-DPA, albendazole, • Copies of residues evaluations that T 02 9499 3833 aliphatic alcohol ethoxylates, altrenogest, provide justification for Australian MRLs. E [email protected]
22 9th Australian Mango Conference
The 9th Australian Mango Conference was • Using Robotics in field situations – Salah • Crop nutrition and fertiliser application held in Cairns and a mango orchard in Sukkarieh, The University of Sydney. timing Mareeba, Qld, in May 2013. Highlights of the conference in Cairns • Changing consumer demands and The three-day conference focused on a range included: opportunities to address these changes of issues that impact the mango industry. • F ood market trends: what this means for • The latest research into fruit fly, fruit Time was split equally between presentations fresh fruit and mangoes – Steven Zanin, spotting bug and other insect pests at the conference venue and practical FreshLogic sessions and workshops at the orchard • The trends of research into rootstocks, and packing shed. The Annual Levy Payers’ • Using product differentiation to drive crop manipulation and canopy Meeting was held at the end of day one, in the value growth – Lisa Cork, Fresh Produce management. packing shed. Marketing Articles on the conference and its Highlights the presentations and workshops at • The changing retail landscape and what presentations appeared in the industry the orchard included: this means for mangoes – Rahim Ladha, publication, Mango Matters. The Nielsen presentations are available to levy payers • Mango industry benchmarking – Howard through the Australian Mango website, Hall, CDI Pinnacle Management • U nderstanding mango consumers – Heath industry.mangoes.net.au. Adams, Sprout. • Improving irrigation performance and This project was funded by voluntary management – Pat Daley, DWS Irrigation Sixteen sponsors and trade exhibitors contributions. attended the conference, demonstrating the • Spray application best practice: theory commercial links that industry has developed Project MG12700 and demonstration – Robert Battaglia, and maintained. Syngenta + Croplands, Greentech and For more information contact: Trevor Dunmall, AMIA Silvan Participants attending the conference gained T 07 3278 3755 a greater understanding of: • Food for fruit: key nutrition requirements E [email protected] for mangoes – Ted Winston, Consultant, • The financial challenges of growing and Matt Weinert, DAFF Qld mangoes
23 Investing in Australian horticulture
Australian Government priorities HAL consultation
As part of the Australian Government’s commitment to rural research and development, funding agreement horticulture industries can access matching Commonwealth funding though Horticulture The consultation agreement between AMIA Australia Limited (HAL) for all research and development activities. and HAL sets out the tasks each organisation will perform to enable the other to discharge The Australian Government’s Rural Research and Development Priorities aim to foster innovation its responsibilities related to levy payers and and guide research and development (R&D) effort in the face of continuing economic, industry services. environmental and social change. HAL’s operations are closely aligned with these priorities. Consultation agreement activities are This chart shows the percentage of expenditure in HAL’s mango R&D program against each funded by HAL using the Mango R&D levy of the Australian Government priorities for rural research and development. Full details of and matched funds from the Australian expenditure across all industries is available in HAL’s annual report at www.horticulture.com.au Government.
These funds enable AMIA to undertake the Climate variability and climate change (0.1%) Annual Levy Payers’ Meeting, conduct IAC Supply chain and markets (21.7%) meetings, attend HAL Industry Forums, HAL/ Productivity and adding value (47.7%) AMIA Executive Board to Board consultation Technology (11.9%) meetings, and other formal and informal Innovation skills (16.7%) consultation between personnel of AMIA and HAL. Natural resources management (0.1%) Biosecurity (1.8%) The full year consultation funding expenditure for AMGA was $37,528. This represents 2.42 percent of the total annual P roductivity and adding value Climate variability and levy expenditure. Consultation funding in Improve the productivity and profitability climate change respect of R&D represents 2.82 percent of existing industries and support the Build resilience to climate variability and of the investment in R&D expenditure development of viable new industries. adapt to and mitigate the effects of climate and consultation funding in respect of change. marketing represents 1.68 percent of the S upply chain and markets investment in marketing expenditure. Better understand and respond to domestic Biosecurity and international market and consumer Protect Australia’s community, primary Project MG13910 requirements and improve the flow of such industries and environment from biosecurity For more information contact: information through the whole supply chain, threats. Trevor Dunmall, AMIA including to consumers. T 07 3278 3755 Innovation skills E [email protected] Natural resource management Improve the skills to undertake research Support effective management of and apply its findings. Australia’s natural resources to ensure primary industries are both economically T echnology and environmentally sustainable. Promote the development of new and existing technologies.
HAL’s roles and relationships Horticulture Australia Limited (HAL) is a not-for-profit industry owned company. Its role is to manage the expenditure of funds collected by the Australian Government on behalf of horticulture industries.
In 2013/14 HAL invested more than $100 million in projects to benefit horticulture industries.
An Industry Advisory Committee (IAC) is established for each industry with a statutory levy and annual income exceeding $150,000.
The Prescribed Industry Body (PIB) for an industry is responsible for recommending to HAL the establishment of, and any changes to, statutory levies. The PIB for an industry with a statutory levy recommends membership of the IAC to HAL and must demonstrate how the skills required on an IAC are met by the persons they recommend for appointment to the committee.
For more information please visit www.horticulture.com.au.
24 Across industry
program The mango industry contributes funding towards an across industry program that addresses issues affecting all of horticulture. Details of the current program are listed below. A full report of the program can be found at www.horticulture.com.au/industries/across_industry_program.asp.
Rural R&D VC or Project Project Life of project 2013/14 Project No. Project title Organisation Contact priorities Levy start finish expenditure expenditure
Objective 1: To enhance the efficiency, transparency, responsiveness and integrity of the supply chain
AH12009 Partnering Fresh Produce with Retail - Levy 1/8/12 31/8/13 $143,500 $212 Kitchener Partners Tristan Kitchener Quality Assurance Harmonisation 0407 827 738
AH12010 Partnering Fresh Produce with Retail - Joint Levy 1/8/12 30/11/14 $305,000 $43,446 Kitchener Partners Tristan Kitchener Working Groups 0407 827 738
AH12015 Food Innovation Hub Levy 9/5/13 31/8/13 $28,166 $5,633 Food Innovation Russel Rankin Partners 07 3289 4591
AH12016 Partnering Fresh Produce with Retail: Quality Levy 15/5/13 30/6/15 $337,307 $105,096 Kitchener Partners Tristan Kitchener Assurance Harmonization 0407 827 738
AH13026 Retailer In-Store training Levy 16/12/13 30/5/14 $20,000 $20,000 Kitchener Partners Tristan Kitchener 0407 827 738
Objective 2: Maximise the health benefits of horticultural products No active project in 2013/14 to report on Objective 3: Positiion horticulture to compete in a globalised environment
AH09027 Investing in Youth Successful Scholarship Levy 31/5/10 31/3/15 $80,000 $10,000 Rural Industries R&D Margo Andrae Applicant Corporation 02 6271 4132
AH11009 Autonomous Perception Systems for Levy 1/5/12 27/11/15 $599,500 $120,000 The University of Dr Salah Sukkarieh Horticulture Tree Crops Sydney 02 9351 8154
AH12019 Horticulture Leaders - Across Horticulture Levy 3/6/13 31/5/15 $184,323 $50,000 Strategic Business Russell Cummings Leadership Training - 2013 & 2014 programs Development Pty Ltd 0414 929 585
AH13018 Horticulture R+D Showcase Levy 1/8/13 30/6/14 $46,889 $35,680 Horticulture Australia Brenda Kranz Limited 02 8295 2317
AH13020 Horticulture Information Unit Levy 1/8/13 28/2/16 $250,000 $31,000 Horticulture Australia Pat Abraham Limited 0438 474 758
AH13028 Australia Fresh - Across Industry Initiative Levy 16/12/13 30/12/14 $50,000 $44,789 Oliver & Doam Agnes Barnard 02 8011 4743
MT12029 Horticultural Market Access Manager 2012 VC/ 1/10/12 30/9/15 $613,500 $74,839 Langley Consulting Chris Langley - 2015 Levy 0498 723 103
Objective 4: Achieve long term viability and sustainability for Australian horticulture
AH09003 Plant protection: Regulatory support and Levy 1/7/09 30/5/14 $995,061 $243,225 AKC Consulting Pty Kevin Bodnaruk co-ordination Ltd 02 9499 3833
AH09014 Across-industry climate research, Levy 13/4/10 28/2/14 $60,264 $12,000 Horticulture Australia Brenda Kranz development and extension (RD&E) Limited 02 8295 2317 activities
AH10003 Horticulture component of the National Levy 30/11/11 1/7/15 $157,500 $0 Horticulture Australia Brenda Kranz Climate Change Research Strategy for Limited 02 8295 2317 Primary Industries
AH10006 Pesticide spray drift in horticulture - a Levy 1/7/10 30/6/14 $20,000 $4,676 Horticulture Australia Jodie Pedrana response to new guidelines from the APVMA Limited 0404 314 751
AH11007 Developing an LCI database for Australian Levy 2/1/12 1/10/13 $20,000 $10,000 Rural Industries R&D Brenda Kranz agriculture Corporation 02 8295 2317
AH11010 Biotechnology Awareness in Horticulture Levy 10/10/11 30/6/14 $102,177 $9,941 Horticulture Australia Alok Kumar Limited 0418 322 070
AH11011 Horticulture funding of the CRC for Plant Levy 30/6/12 30/5/18 $3,000,000 $500,000 CRC For National John Austen Biosecurity Plant Biosecurity 02 6201 2882
AH11029 R Provision of independent technical and Levy 20/12/11 31/5/15 $100,000 $25,000 Plant Health Australia Nicholas Woods secretarial services to the National Working 02 6215 7704 Party for Pesticide Application
AH13014 Horticulture for Tomorrow Review & Upgrade Levy 5/8/13 23/6/14 $43,228 $43,196 Horticulture Australia Brenda Kranz Limited 02 8295 2317
AH13023 Industry Development Forum with Levy 17/2/14 30/6/15 $45,100 $2,923 Horticulture Australia David Low International Horticulture Congress Limited 0429 221 443
AH13025 Research to Support HAL Member Input to Levy 18/11/13 28/2/14 $43,399 $43,647 Horticulture Australia John Madden the HAL Review Limited 0421 274 076
25 Across industry program
Rural R&D VC or Project Project Life of project 2013/14 Project No. Project title Organisation Contact priorities Levy start finish expenditure expenditure
AH13027 Plant protection: Regulatory support and co- Levy 31/5/14 1/7/18 $892,748 $25,000 AKC Consulting Pty Kevin Bodnaruk ordination - Continuation of AH09003 Ltd 02 9499 3833
AH13032 Response to Agricultural Competitiveness Levy 1/4/14 30/4/14 $31,500 $31,500 KPMG Michelle Pawley White Paper 02 6248 1141
MT10029 Managing pesticide access in horticulture Levy 1/7/10 2/7/15 $1,261,460 $67,398 Horticulture Australia Jodie Pedrana (cont from AH04009 and MT07029) Limited 0404 314
MT10049 A multi target approach to fruitspotting bug Levy 1/3/11 1/4/16 $1,353,016 $40,741 Department of Ruth Huwer management Primary Industries 02 6626 1196 NSW
MT10066 Project Coordination for MT10049 Levy 14/3/11 31/5/14 $42,984 $1,214 RCR Agri Pty Ltd Chaseley Ross 0409 707 806
Objective 5: Other
AH11003 Support Function for AIC Levy 15/9/11 30/8/13 $84,187 $35,000 Horticulture Australia Warwick Scherf Limited 02 8295 2323
AH11017 Sponsorship of Appetite for Excellence Levy 1/7/11 22/6/14 $70,500 $20,000 Horticulture Australia Melissa Smith Awards Limited 02 8295 2340
AH11023 Graham Gregory Award and Function Levy 1/7/11 30/6/16 $151,500 $30,000 Horticulture Australia Sharyn Casey Limited 02 8295 2379
AH11026 Across Industry Program Administration Levy 1/7/11 30/6/14 $31,800 $6,332 Horticulture Australia Warwick Scherf Limited 02 8295 2323
AH13800 Across Industry Annual Report 2012/13 Levy 1/7/13 30/6/14 $15,000 $9,688 Horticulture Australia Barbara Knezevic- Limited Marinos 02 8295 2318
MT12028 OHMA Operational Support 2012 to 2015 VC/ 1/10/12 31/5/15 $91,500 $19,594 Horticulture Australia Peter Whittle Levy Limited 0409 578 937
Objective 5: Other
AI12002 Transformational Solutions to challenges Levy 9/9/13 1/10/14 $500,000 $250,000 Intellectual Ventures Paul Levins and issues facing the Australian horticulture 0419 239 180 industry
AI13001 Dietary sterilization of male Queensland Levy 1/5/14 28/2/18 $1,253,316 $100,000 CSIRO Biosecurity Dr Christopher Fruit Fly (QFF) Flagship Hardy 02 6246 4375
AI13004 Transforming subtropical/tropical tree crop Levy 5/11/13 31/5/17 $3,089,012 $652,026 The Department of Dr John Wilkie productivity Agriculture, Fisheries 0402 390 885 and Forestry, Qld
AI13008 A platform for the continuous genetic Levy 14/11/13 31/1/17 $2,025,439 $354,981 Queensland University Dr James Dale improvement of accepted cultivars of of Technology 07 3138 2819 vegetatively propagated horticultural crops
AI13011 Transformational Innovation Performance Levy 1/10/13 31/12/14 $146,635 $117,308 The University of A/Prof Damian Analysis Queensland Hine 07 3346 8162
AI13012 A Value Chain approach to horticultural Levy 20/12/13 31/12/14 $265,430 $112,544 Central Queensland Philip Brown product innovation University 07 4150 7145
AI13013 Direction setting Forum for a horticultural Levy 24/2/14 30/7/15 $15,000 $7,968 Horticulture Australia Sharyn Casey education strategy Limited 02 8295 2379
AI13014 Advancing Post Doctorates in horticulture Levy 1/6/14 30/4/18 $800,000 $0 Horticulture Australia Sharyn Casey Limited 02 8295 2379
Australian Government Rural R&D Priorities: Productivity and adding value Supply chain and markets Natural resource management Climate change and climate variability Biosecurity Innovation skills Technology
26 Mango program
Ind- Rural R&D Levy Project Project Life of project 2013/14 Project ustry Project title Organisation Contact priorities or VC start finish value expenditure obj.
MG09003 2 Mango Breeding Support VC 07/06/10 15/11/13 $459,965.93 $61,328.79 The Department of Dr Ian Bally
Agriculture, Fisheries and 0419 679 463 Forestry, Qld MG10008 2 Reducing skin damage and improving VC 12/07/10 31/05/14 $2,784,924.70 $1,042,133.29 The Department of Dr Peter
postharvest efficiency of Calypso™ Agriculture, Fisheries and Hofman mango Forestry, Qld 0407 173 608
MG10009 2 Improving fruit quality and profitability of VC 01/04/11 30/05/14 $1,221,059.00 $407,019.32 Tropical Horticultural Ted Winston ‘Honey Gold’ mango Consulting Pty Ltd 0412 534 514 MG10013 3 Delivering information and technology to Levy 01/12/11 29/11/14 $96,591.00 $34,432.00 The Department of Matthew
the mango industry (DMT stage 2) Agriculture, Fisheries and Weinert Forestry, Qld 07 4048 4651 MG10016 3 Mango Industry Capacity Building VC/ 01/01/11 31/12/14 $1,463,274.00 $261,145.50 Australian Mango Industry Trevor Dunmall
Program Levy Association Ltd 07 3278 3755
MG11005 2 Systems approach to eliminate VC 01/11/11 30/06/14 $211,363.91 $28,175.83 NT Department of Austin post‑harvest disinfestation of Katherine Resources McLennan mangoes for fruit fly 08 8973 9762 MG12005 3 Building capacity in the NT Mango VC 01/08/12 30/06/15 $36,800.00 $5,000.00 NT Department of Warren Hunt
Industry using small-group extension Resources 08 8999 2143 MG12007 1 Data collection to facilitate supply chain Levy 01/10/12 31/05/15 $243,270.00 $80,000.00 Australian Mango Industry Trevor Dunmall
transparency - stage 2 Association Ltd 07 3278 3755
MG12009 1 Consumer Benchmarking Research Levy 01/03/13 09/10/14 $20,000.00 $0.00 Horticulture Australia Elisa Tseng Limited 02 8295 2341 MG12011 3 Mango Industry Strategic Investment Levy 15/03/13 25/04/14 $80,200.00 $41,584.00 Plant & Food Research Jenny Margetts
Plan Australia Pty Ltd 0418 215 276
MG12012 2 Manipulating mango flowering to extend VC 19/03/13 31/05/17 $821,409.31 $131,523.39 NT Department of Dr Cameron
harvest window Resources McConchie 0419 884 037
MG12015 1 Integrating genomics into an applied VC 24/05/13 09/11/18 $443,368.23 $0.00 The Department of Dr Ian Bally mango breeding program Agriculture, Fisheries and 0419 679 463 Forestry, Qld MG12016 1 In-transit ripening and prediction of VC 25/06/13 30/05/17 $2,318,792.00 $466,591.37 The Department of Dr Peter
outturn quality for mango Agriculture, Fisheries and Hofman Forestry, Qld 0407 173 608 MG12017 1 New fruit fly systems for mangoes and VC 17/06/13 20/07/16 $417,562.88 $286,357.15 NT Department of Austin
market access Resources McLennan 08 8973 9762 MG12018 1 Identifying factors that contribute to VC/ 21/06/13 31/05/14 $70,094.63 $31,071.54 The Department of Dr Andrew
mango resin canal discolouration Levy Agriculture, Fisheries and Macnish Forestry, Qld 07 5453 5984 MG12700 3 The 9th Australian Mango Conference VC 14/08/12 30/09/13 $100,000.00 $20,000.00 Australian Mango Industry Trevor Dunmall
Association Ltd 07 3278 3755
MG13011 2 Mango Consumer Benchmarking Levy 01/09/13 30/06/15 $40,000.00 $19,959.00 Horticulture Australia Elisa Tseng Research - 2013/14 and 2014/15 Limited 02 8295 2341 MG13015 2 Improving mango quality through Levy 26/09/13 28/02/14 $46,942.50 $46,942.50 Australian Mango Industry Trevor Dunmall
accurate harvest maturity Association Ltd 07 3278 3755 MG13016 1 Improving consumer appeal of Honey VC 11/03/14 30/05/17 $1,872,096.77 $84,558.16 The Department of Dr Peter
Gold mango by reducing under skin Agriculture, Fisheries and Hofman browning and red lenticel discolouration Forestry, Qld 0407 173 608
MG13017 3 Capacity Building, Information, Levy 20/06/14 31/12/17 $1,254,340.00 $160,000.00 Australian Mango Industry Trevor Dunmall Technology and Extension for the Association Ltd 07 3278 3755 Australian mango industry
MG13018 1 Mango Value Chain Analysis Levy 25/06/14 27/03/15 $49,869.00 $39,895.20 GHD Sue Salvin 02 6564 7721
MG13501 2 Mango integrated marketing campaign Levy 01/07/13 30/06/14 $300,000.00 $287,296.87 Horticulture Australia Elisa Tseng Limited 02 8295 2341
27 Ind- Rural R&D Levy Project Project Life of project 2013/14 Project ustry Project title Organisation Contact priorities or VC start finish value expenditure obj.
MG13502 2 Co-operative promotions Levy 01/07/13 30/06/14 $100,000.00 $57,110.52 Horticulture Australia Elisa Tseng Limited 02 8295 2341
MG13503 2 Green grocer display campaign/ Levy 01/07/13 30/06/14 $50,000.00 $51,892.83 Horticulture Australia Elisa Tseng promotion Limited 02 8295 2341
MG13504 2 Website, creative and contingencies Levy 01/07/13 30/06/14 $50,000.00 $47,248.65 Horticulture Australia Elisa Tseng Limited 02 8295 2341 MG13700 3 The 10th Australian Mango Conference - VC 27/06/14 31/08/15 $140,000.00 $60,000.00 Australian Mango Industry Trevor Dunmall
Northern Territory Association Ltd 07 3278 3755 MG13800 3 Mango Industry Annual Report 2012/13 Levy 01/07/13 30/06/14 $7,090.00 $7,035.02 Horticulture Australia Barbara Limited Knezevic- Marinos 02 8295 2318 MG13910 3 Mango Consultation Funding Agreement Levy 01/09/13 10/08/14 $66,890.00 $66,890.00 Australian Mango Industry Jane Wightman
2013-14 Association Ltd 0404 309 877
MT12001 2 SPLAT Cue-Lure based management of Levy 01/05/13 29/02/16 $443,140.35 $46,199.00 South Australian Research Dr Peter Crisp
Queensland fruit fly and Development Institute 08 8303 9539
MT12010 1 Understanding the Purchase Behaviour Levy 01/07/12 30/06/14 $1,023,359.00 $31,296.02 The Nielsen Company Elisa Tseng of Fresh Produce Consumers 02 8295 2341 MT12028 3 OHMA Operational Support 2012 to VC/ 01/10/12 31/05/15 $91,500.00 $2,220.66 Horticulture Australia Peter Whittle
2015 Levy Limited 0409 578 937 MT12029 3 Horticultural Market Access Manager VC/ 01/10/12 30/09/15 $613,500.00 $11,131.38 Langley Consulting Chris Langley
2012 - 2015 Levy 0498 723 103
MT12045 3 Submission to authorities in Japan and Levy 26/03/13 31/05/15 $46,000.00 $3,105.00 AKC Consulting Pty Ltd Kevin Taiwan addressing provisional MRLs Bodnaruk 02 9499 3833 MT13045 1 Fourth Australia- China Cooperation Levy 11/11/13 30/04/14 $14,500.00 $1,794.98 Langley Consulting Chris Langley
Forum 0498 723 103
28 Mango levy investment summary
Marketing 2013/2014 R&D 2013/2014 Combined 2013/2014 Year ended 30 June 2014 $ $ $
Funds Available 1 July 2013 406,113 267,243 673,356
Income
Levies Received 517,006 387,755 904,761
Commonwealth Contributions 486,625 486,625
Other Income 12,258 7,720 19,978
Total Income 529,264 882,100 1,411,364
Budget 496,480 770,396 1,266,876
Variance to Budget 32,784 111,704 144,488
Program investment
Levy Programs 470,319 864,183 1,334,502
Service Delivery Programs by HAL 57,536 109,067 166,603
Across Industry Contribution 19,002 19,002
Levy Collection Costs 15,157 15,157 30,314
Total Investment 543,012 1,007,409 1,550,421
Budget 613,754 844,404 1,458,158
Variance to Budget 70,742 (163,005) (92,263)
Annual Surplus/Deficit (13,748) (125,309) (139,057)
Closing Balance 30 June 2014 392,365 141,934 534,299
Mango Industry Advisory For more information contact: Committee (IAC)
Rod Dalton (Chair)
Christine Hawkins
Timothy Elliott
Robert Gray
Ross Maxwell Jane Wightman Industry Services Manager Joe Moro Horticulture Australia Limited (HAL)
Gavin Scurr Suite 2, Level 5, 87 Wickham Tce Spring Hill QLD 4000 Trevor Dunmall (Ex-Officio) T 0404 309 877 Jane Wightman (Ex-Officio) E [email protected]
Horticulture Australia Limited (HAL) Level 7, 179 Elizabeth Street Sydney NSW 2000 T 02 8295 2300 F 02 8295 2399 www.horticulture.com.au