STATE O F WASHINGTON DEPARTMENT O F NATURAL RESOURCES BERT L. COLE. Commissioner of Public lands RALPH A. BESWICK , Supervisor

DIVISION OF GEOLOGY AND EARTH RESOURCES VAUGHN E. LIVINGSTON, JR .. State Geologist

GEOLOGIC MAP IN THE VICINITY OF THE LOWER BOGACHIEL AND HOH RIVER VALLEYS, AND THE WASHINGTON COAST

By WELDON W. RAU

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----.-.._- -.

-=-·

GEOLOGIC MAP GM 24

1979

For sole by Deportment of Noturol Resources. Olympio. Woshinglon Price $4.50 WASHINGTON DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES GEOLOGIC. MAP DIVISION OF GEOLOGY AND EARTH RESOURCES GM- 24

" " E XP LANATION Qg ( ,. ' I· o,

A ll uvium Uncon,olJdarcd si/1. .and. and grnvc!

Qg j " "- I . h ,r ~ ' " A l p ine glacia l drift Ou!wa,h, silr. ,and, grave l, and ti!,'(7)

UNCO!lrORMITY ' Og

6 ., ' Tqy "C o Qu ill :iyute form:1tior1 1e:-~ M3ssn-e lo welf-broded si/ls!one a~d iand;tonc. ~nd conglomfraie

UNCONFOHMITY

" ,, Thsl Thim Thss Ths Thcs Thm Th, T~$S i Hoh rock assemblage 1-Aaton~ The:$. c.o.,rse- 10 v~ry mH

- ~· L' \ Contact, approximately located • \'7 '" Qg Dw;hcd where gfi1dJlional; dotted where concea led; queried wh~rc unkn°"n or \ probable

' ·~ ' ' ~ ------·-? ' '· ' ' '" Faull ' I Dasht:d where in /erred; Gotie.1 where concea/eC; qu~ried where questiomble;· arrows " indicJ1c apparent o'irecrion of morioa

------._ ...L. __ ....t..... ______,_ •• -· · -

Thrust foult LJashcd where ,1ppm11,marc,JI loca led; dmled wh~re rnncea /00; quer,~d whi,re ..,, unce,r.qm Sawrulh o~ uppar plate

Anticline 1'howmg trnee of ax fa,' p/,1 ne a nrl dircc/ron o,' plunge: do!led where CJJncer, led; d.osherl ..I •,-,'~ Ug and queried wilere uncertain Tho 5

0 Syncline Showing tr~ce of ~xfai plan• and direction of plunge: doued wh ere concealed; da,hffi and qucr.'ed where ~ncertain r .

Fold

UmJil!crc 1Jli;,.f~d sy,,c/in;,.I or a11tic/iaa/ suucwr~s arc reftrred to as fo!ds •/

I· -' ·- Qg • Inclined Vcnical Horizontal

" Strike and diP. of beds, &,// on indmed syml,(!I indicates top direction known; 90 on 1·cr1ic,1I symbol indicate., !Dp dirccuon ,,. ,. I,~. R '"' 13ase rnop by U.6 . Gcol0gl~ol Sur.et, 1950 ~nd 1957 Goology by Weldon 'N. Rau. 1974 - 1g7s ,d' i 'f' l W F 'f Fl J:."'t....f""""". ' =====~i' ,.,u~ §' aoao,...... cr' , ,... o "':'o .....,, so~ = ""°S"'---·•'',=~--r''''~" ""'"·--~··~\000 ,••. Strike of beds from aerial photographs /ff' ~==""-===="'=====''====='====="'====-'' m0>.£TCM i CONTOUR INlFAVAl lO FFFT - < 0'1U,1 ,s r.1EA~ SCA LEVEL /,,;p LGC~'1GN INTRODUCTION 'I t :;nar,,re '""'"' ""'"'"'" cno •op,Qm,oro , ,,e o1 "'"' H.,, '"'""' ! roe """' Raoge cl noo is Aooms,na:oly fi ' "'" APP<'ClTE '"'Htl farl) comribu1ions to geology or th~ mapJ,W a, ~a b)' Arnold {!906), Reagan 00:CLtl•ATIO~, 1051 f 101 (1909), Arnold and Hann ibal (!913), Lupton (19 14), and Weaver (1916) are primarily of a reconnaissance nature and confined to the coast a nd majo, ri·,e, valleys Microfossil collecting locality Glover ( l 945) colleclerl much do,tai lerl grologic d•n a along tlr cos st and a:;1em hlcd a series of unpuolisllcd coastal geologic maP5. Jn 1937, Weaver revised some of ll!s origmal work. Ro:.:ent wntribution! include a ,umma,y of the: gc:ology and mineral re ooarces along the coast by Weissenhorn and Snavely ( I %8); ar.d se·,eral studies by Stewart {1~70, 1'171. 1974) on petrology, metarr,orphism, and ;tructural relations, including a regional geologic :mp of the west·centra! part of th~ Olympic Peninsul.'.J.. DRY CREEK FOLD M44 15. 210J8 Other ,dated studies in adjacent areas tht arc important to concept, employed in the SCOTT CREEK MAXFIELD CREEK present report and map are by th following: Tabor (1975) on ihe geology of the U.S. Gc:ulugical Survey, 111gy and oil 0 ' and gas p,,ten!ia!; Macleod, Tiffin, Snavely, and Currie ( 1977) on geologic f:REEK interprcta1lons of gcoph}'sica l a nomsl1es in the Strait of foan d~ Fuea; and Tabor STRUCTU RAL ~n ~ C.1rly ( 19nn a nrl l97Rh} whn pre,;en1 n cnmpil ~t ,nn nr known gf'i'l lc,ey l"lf t~e BLOCK 1000' Olympic Peninsula and an interpreta;ion of structure in the Olympic Moun1ains. The ,~, po present 1nap is the 1e.ult of a continuation of geologic mapping and relat~d ~tudies SEti LEVEL lllreadycompleted in the adp,;enl arell to the ,outh (Rau. 1970, 1973. 197S; Rau and "' . ,, woo Gmcock, 1974). ... The cooperation and councsles c~tended to the a1nt.or during the course of field 2000· jnvc1tigations b} n1en1bers of Lhc Natiomil Pa,k Screicc, Olympic NMional Park, and Petroleum test wells the Olympie ar~a ofiic,, of the Washington Stat• Depsrlment of Namral Resources l. Mordcllo L. Vince nt et al O lympic No. I. are gratefully acl:nowledged. Thank, are also extended to many indivirluo ls <"If 11,~ NW\.SW\'l ~i:<:. 9. T. 28 N., R. 14 W., 1932; T.D. 2,940 (2,698?) fL. various communl1ies of th: area for their generous ~ssistancc. Technical dis·;ussio~s wi th Parlruptly rlilfering snu,:,t11r~l trends nr arc SEA LEVEL ·r~,i • The; • SE!.SW\'4SE\1 s.:~. 12, T. 26 N .• R. 14 W., 1913, 1914; T.D, 901 ft . neces:ary to explain rock type distribution or strucrnra l pancrns. Ir.tense shearin~ l1as Th m .,,. "%' Tl1a • 1000· pro,ided a cdterion for the prcci.., placement of ~Orne fau lt,. . . . / . Jefferson Oil Co.; Swasli k:t Oil Co. Hoh Head No. 1 Bem use bed re-ck in mllny large a,eos is masked by thick deposits of drift, Tertiary 2000· SE'..SW\!iSE~ s~c. 12, T. 26 N., R. !4 W.: 1914. 1919: T.D. 9S6 ft; l,llO fl. rocks are shown (Inly where they actually crap out or are l<.nown to l>e only thinly ~- Lcs!ie Petroleum Co.; Hoh River Oil and Gas D~vclopmcnt Co. with Gcn~ral covemJ. Structural interpretations arc necessarily limited and the cxie m of each P~Lwlcum Co. Sim, No. I; Gil key No. l Te rtiary unit has nm lxen fully determined in drift-covcr,:d areas. All areas uc soil Ce nter SE':lNWS , aried con,idcrably during nearby coashl arcJ.s. SE\:pos~d in the northwestern pan of the Ol)·mpb Penin sula. Later. the euent of the the pail 10 years or ~o of geologic exFlorahon. Early interpretation, were Tiec,:ssarily Addicou, W. 0 .. 1976, Neogene mol!US{an stages of Oregon and Washington. In T.D. 1,070 ft. ALPINE GLACIAL DRJFT (Qg) formation was restricted somewhat and recogni2cd as O!igoC(ne aml MioceTic in a~e li mit..! largely to data from coastal outrops (Reagan, 1909: Luprnn. 1914; We~ver. Fritscbe, A. E., and otliers, editors. The Neogene Symptrong. J. E.: Crandell, D. R; Eas1erbrook. D J; Nohle, J. B.• l'l6'i. T.~I" 19. Bdco Pmclcurn Corp. Milwaukee Land 1-1 Destruction Island and TahJl.i. h quadrangles {Rau, 1973, 1975), as well as studies of Creek amicUnc and mhcr struoturi:s are discernible only after Kn cnmin~ti.m uf the Goodman Creek. Ttie entire area no rthM~t r,f The Rllg~ch iel Valley .o.nrl mnch (}f the Pk1>toccne straLiiraphy and ctironology in southwcmrn British Columbia ~00 !09 ft. frcm S. line, 693 ft. from W, line, s:c. 1, T. ?.? I'; •• R. 14 W.; 1966; T.D. others (Glo,•er. J94i); Wei&senborn and Sna\'ely, l96S; Ste"'a,t, 19i0; 3nd Snavely itruc!ural d~1a. Thus, varying arr.O'-'n1S of interpretatior. have ne:es;arily been area to the south l>etwecn \he Hah and Eogachiel Valleys is ~lso tMcklv bl:m~eted nonhv.esterr, Washin ~(on . G1:<1lD~icul Society of America Bulletin, v. 76, no. 6,&80 it. with drift. Another majo, are3. of drift extend, frnm the headwaters Or Mosquitu and M3cl.eod. written commnnica1ion. 1974), has sbnwn that rocks included in employed la develop what is be lie·,fil to be a rtnce of the coast of the Olympic •Scv:ral published and nnpubliohed rccorcis locale this well in the NW!4 $"". I, T. '27 age. Also. they ha,·e und:rgonc differing amount, of lccloni sm from m<>t a disti~<:I and Weeden Creek. Othe, major areas essentiall)' r,ce of d,ift are tl,~ oo~s(al ~r,;;,; limited interpretations or th(se findings. Current m1ppinJ!, north of the Hoh River. Arnold. Ralph: Hannibal, Harold, 1913. The marine Tenia1y stratlgrap~y of the tpproxim~tcly tltc N'A c:orn~r. sec . 2, T. ?.7 N., R . 15 W. An abandoned trail. including the Murphy Creek drainage between the Bognchiel R,ver v~llcy and mappable unit with a definable top and base, they are now informally r?:ferred to a:, has nrlrlet1 muth inFMmntion t~ tbe regional structure of Hoh coastal roe ts. l'r. bct1er uru th Pacific coast of Arne, ica: Ame,icrn Philosoi>hical Society Proceeding,, originally ustd to ,each the beach fro:11 the ma in highw3y (old ™=3cli trnil No. 3), the Hoh co,;:k asoctnblage (Rau, 1973, !97S). Recent studicJ (Snavely, and otl,ers, Gl>OOman r.,..,< v.o.lley. ~nct south of Goodman Cr~ek along the cout to the Hoh undersrnndin.,: of , be Lecmnic setlin~. h1, thcrdoce dc,·elopcd from the cc,mbined ,. 52, no. 212, p. SS9 605 . rasses immerl,~tely hy 1he rem~ins of this v.-ell. a River including much of Lhe Mosquito Creek drainaJje. In many of these drift-free l 979) suggest that at leasL rome cf the Hoh rocks are a patt of deep marginal basin ,truc(ural information of both c,o~stal areas. In additio:1, tlie currently dcvoloping C1dy. W. M., 197'.'. Tec1on1c se\ting of the Tertiary volcanic rocks Qf the Olympic The drilling date> are also unc~rtain An a.;,coun1 of a drilling operation th~! tacies with outcrops knnwn, in r lac,cs. frorr, the central wcitcrn coanlirming da,a !hey " 'ere not in,crprcted as su~h on the m:ip. ln 1he arc:iety of America Bulletin, v. 51, no. 12, pt. 2, p. 1hroughout 1hc known areal extent of these rocks. Forarninifors arc reutl1 lacustri11e ,k~it~ ar<;: ~lw pre:;em, purtkularly in uTiderLhru~ting to the east, in keeping with tha genemlly employed tectonic Philnsophim.l Socicly Proceedings. v. 64, no. 2, p. 124"282. uplal.rtd meas. C<1rbon ized wood, v11ryinll from macerated pbnt ma:crial to logs and 1hey SU£J:eSt an early Miocene Saucesian aie. Foraminifers su1:gesting a similar age fr~mework of the Olympic Mount~ins [S1ewar1 , 1g11; T~hcir, 1g7~: C:~rt)". 1975; Heu1:.er. C. J., 1972, P~lynulu&)' ~11\J [Jhytog,;t.ljiruphicul )(i,;.,ifiuuu~ of latc­ stumps. is associated \1/ith laeu~trine depo,iu >.nd io ~i.o dispersed throughout some of an: ubo rccudcd from both the Strawlxrry Bay molang,; zone (f103 and 105) and Tabor and Cady. 1978b). Because \'ery !ew data are available 10 indicate direction Pkistoccne rt:fugium ncsr Kalaloch, Wa1hington: Quaternary Rcaearch, v. 2, Soot! Creek melange zone (Fl 12 and J l3). Although no foisil data were tound in the outwash sand and 1:ravel as well as till dcposiu. "ni.l type of Ll ,rusting withiu 11,e present area. il ii entirely possible tha!, in places, no. 2, p. 189.1Ql. 10<:ks of '.h<\ Anderson Cree~ structnre, diagnostic early Miocene Sance;;an ExLensive Ueposil! of buff-colored c]3y, silt, and S3nd blar.ker. rr.uch of the coasml ovcr1h1usting Ccvcr, fault) may ~Aten,J belw~n t!1e,c localiti~s and \he mair, bl.>lly vf the n,~ c:oast,:l headlands mid offshore rocks north of the Goodman Creek Faull are 15-l-7•1560. ,\ndcnon Creek nructurc. Diagnostic late Eo,;:cnc Nlri~ian or Rcfugian foraminifcn thought to Ix enli~n deposits that were laid down during a low stand of sea level at the interprel~"U as lhc easterncnusL uu(~rvµ,; uf an e~stwar<.I umlerUuust µlate Ll1al llu> Heusser, C .•1 •. 1977, Quuternar)' palynolo8}' of the Pacific slope of w~ohington: were collected from four loo,slitie, in the Murphy Creek .trcctural block (FI06-l09) d<,;;: uf t!tt Plei~!ocene when a wide expanse of coanal plain kl¥ ba:e of vegetation been t!m>al b-ent~1ti the Murphy Creek block clong the Strawberry Bay 11nd Seott Quaternary Kem1rch, v. ~. no. 3. p. 2~2-JUtl. that lies l>etween the Scan Creek mel1ngc rnne to the wen and the Maxfield Creek Creel: melange :.one,. The •ge of the,e headlands 3nd oHshore rocks is nGt fu !ly and served as a 1curcc area of Kdimcnt fer tran,por1 h)· the prevailing westerly wind,. Heusscr, C. J., 1978, Palynology of Quacernary depcsits af the lower Boga~hiel River Although 1~.c ages oi various drift deposits are not fully knov.n, a few dates tave n1elani;e zone to !he rnsl. In addition, fornrninifor.; of µrnbablc late Eocene aJ,:c were confirmed. However. a small foraminiferal fau~a from a siltnone dast af a area, Oli·mpic rcniMula, Washington, Ca;iaCian Journal of Earth Science, v. been established for some of !he coa.ita 1 depru;its H snssar ( 1971, 1974) h~! re-nnierl found in a 1i lmonc ela,t from conglomerate exp,,sed al Quateata headland (F102A), co11glon1crnte cxp.ingcr than lh~c tu the e~Sl vf th: melange interpretation of m:1gnetic and gravity anomalies in the Strait of Juan dt Fuca, , O. - ' """ "' 11 r· - ,,•w II - '"'' • - <,•O<'-L ,on,<>t, •len1L'l«.I miles to the south. All fossi ls known between these 1wo areas indicate younge~ age.: of i:;tiutlltW an age of about 6,000 years B.P. for mltcrlals from the deposits or lOTI~ aa would be c.~p,:,;tcd if undcrtbrusling to the cast has tnkcn place. U S.-Canada: Can~d13n Journal of 1,'.artb Science. v. 14. no. 2. p 2D-23K . early Mir.,enc in Pliocene Oiagnn,;tic fo~~il~ h~""' nm hl',en fm,nd in Mve.rol m~jnr suppo~ed eolian origin e~po,ed ne~r La Push. Tlte ul~c)t Pl~i:;tu;:enc; \late thu) fa; SDuth of the Goodman Creek Fault, large cutcrops of resistant rock, such ao Palmer. R.H .. 19273, Geology and ~trolcnm p.)Sslb!lhlcs ln the Ol)·mpic Peninsula. L.';!'A!,11'1!,_'\ es1ablished in tht eo3stal r~gion is aho from the Kalalocil sect,on. There. o pollen Mru~turnl blod,s, nnmdJ the Weeden Creek and Dry Creek St!Ut;Wres, the sandstones Ale~ander Island. Perkins Reef. and Hoh Held. rnal' also represent parts Ma thrust W.i.shington: Ameri,an Asso,;:iation of Petroleum Gcologi,m Bulletin, ,. l l, no. nr.c:onformabl)" beneath the Minter structure, and the contorted coaital rocks of oorrebllicm has lxen made of materials frnm well down in the section with m~terfall pla1c wi •h similar structurai relations ro tlic rocks ro Lh e ea,t as io su_ggested far ro,;:ks 12. p. l321·l32t. headland~, and offshore 1ea stacla south of Teahwit Head. from Salmon Springs Drift or the PuJW! Sound rcgkm that are radiocarbon dated by n~nh of lh GOCo, a represent resistant romnants of the o,·erlying MosquitG Creek pfoto re:ting on no. 3, p. 276·27S. 14 wale, depths were substantial during dep05ition. probably no leis than bathyal ( l SO radic,earbon age of 59.600±700 year, haf lxcn c.staDlbhed for p"'1t avcrlain b)" till in inel:in!e ro:::ks: or the;· may l,e resi:tant tllocl:s that were once incor['Drn tcd in the Rau. W. W., !970. foraminifora, s1r111igraphy, and palooccolou of the Quinault LO\'Oi,·p'1m.' t.1 , •w 1i.-,, to 2,500 meters). The pernis1ent occurrence cf planktonic globigcrinids suggest that tho Bogcchiel Rher valley ot an elevation of some 400 feet in tbc OMtcrn IUL;t of the Hoh-Goodman melani:e Formation, Point Grctwill:-Raft River coastal area, Ws6hington: Washington '"'"''•'/,oJ ,.,1";,,.,,.,,.,. (. a,h,,,.,n .,.,! 11~!>," " ' " open·sea condit ions p,cvailed. Late Eocene assern.bl1g~; with ver)' few, if any, shallow " pres.o:ntlJ mappM nre,i (Stuiver and others, 1978; Heusser, )978), In addition, In addition to an ;nterpri:tation Gf thrusting a~ an :xplar.ation for major melange Div;sig neM lire Hoh-Bogachid drninagc divide on Highway IOI a: so/d;mii. c:ostacc and hispid u,·igerini"C"''' 01 <>inl.rn. " abi>ve ,till older drift of unknown age. Furthermo,-.,, in the Kala!0<:h section 9 R~u, W. W., 1975, Geologic map or the Destruction Island and Teholah quadrangle!, early Miocene as,cmblage!. Subitantial nun1~rs of costate buliminid~ and Macleod, 1971; Tiffin , Cam,ron, and Murray, 1971), and onshore outcrofl' of R I """ ~"~'"• ~ ( I tnlckncss of some 15 feet ofsedimMts li~s beneau, tho.e dated al 7 l.400ei years anri Washington: Washington DM!lon of Geology and Earth Resources Geologic 1!1J .. ,I!, , r " ' uvigcrinids, hispid uvii:crinidi, Gyraidir,a w/danii, rnbstanti3t~ wld wnm n batb}'al fe.l!urt.~ beli eved t~ be ~imil.1r He re,corded in an ar-ea a few mile! south 01· the Hoh Map GM-13, .1eale l:62,500. above .i.n ele,ated wav~·Cul lcrr.,~c ~u,vc:tl in Tcrtiar) rui.l:i. Th: lrn.:e of this terrace depths. Hov.-ever, in assotiat(on with these deep wa1e, ta~.,, oome asscmbla~ abo /IJ,,',cr.n,, ;:( t, •'-'" '""'"' < "''"'"' ,. i$ c~posccl in mcny of the ica d1ff3 and sea 1tackll from Point Gn:nvillc to the Riv~, (Rau and Grocock, 1974). The exact effect of diapirism on muctural relntion; R~u, W. W., Gro,;:ock. G. R .. 1974. P,ercerr.ent ~truotur~ outuopi: along the . ,nd ~"li'"' contain shallm,w v.·u\er specie,, such as Elpbidium minurum, Bucceki mandie!di and the distribut,on of rocks ma) not alwa)"S Ix clcerly sl,own H°"c,er, dnc to th~ II•'"'"" mfl., ·,, all,fai,, ,:.,i"'"" ,,oJ ' ' QuillU]'Ute River (Rau. 1973) and because the terrace io gently warpecd, it is seen at Wa~hington coast: Washi~glon Di,·ision of Geology and Earth Resources 1., 111,~ ,. oregoncn5is. and Flori/us ind5um. The loc3l oreurrenCT of these and other shallow in,omp,:,tw,ce of rr,clangc mutorid,, th actual c,;,ntucti between melange rock> aod '. various levels ranging from pment,day sea le\'"'I 10 Mm<\ 150 fe~, ~t,,weseB level. The lnformallon Circular 51. 7 p. Hu,',. ....,., ,,.JI'""" r'u,h""" " ' " water taxa ~11gges1 tha1 either more mOOcra1e dcprhs prevailed ill times or shallow the more competent rod. of ~ach thrust plate mos! hkely have been somewhat Rc:agan. A. B., !909, Some notes on the Ol)'mpic Peniru;ula, Wasllington: Kansas 11ge of the terra~~ is unknown but Hell5icr (l 977) has speculated that it mar have water for~m ir.ifers wc1c 1rusp,,rtcd and redeposited at ~r<:ater depths whe,e th~y 80 '.,,,,,>d/, ,u,r. (ush,un been formed about 125,00-0 y,,ar, ago al the tim~ of high eustatic sc:a level ciuring ttte mridlfied by d;aplri1m and asso,;:lated minor faulting. Such l·xal modlficatlons of the Academy cf Scicnc: Transac1ions, v. n, p. 13 \ -238. " could h.1ve been mixed with deep woter ta~a. Such an action could have tnken p!nce ( a,>.J, lm. ''"'"f'""'·"'' (·•,hnorn last into,gbciation. So~th of the Hoh Ri·,cr, in plat®, lhe elevated terrace hus ~n regional structuro arc app.i.r~nt in a number of pl2ce, within 1he mapped area. f'or Snav.,Jy, P. D., Jr.; \.bcLeod, N . S., 1971, Geophysical investiga tions off central aod II, b,.,, ,. C C C C t' r hy hirl:>irl 1r!ln.~fHlrl ('If &Hlim~nti." process Tho11gi,1 !l'.I be <".Ommon to the origin of cut into and iormed o~ still older unconsolidated depo!i!s ra1her th~n Ter!iary rn,,ks. example, the r~gionu l northwest strike in tht H (R~u, 1973). ,. " ' modified to a nor!he:i.:t strike in the Jelferion Cove area near the fault contact! S1tuwly, P. D., Jr.; Ni~m, A. R.; ;Ylar,;LcW, N. S .. P~~rl. J.E.; Rau, W.W•• 19?9, '-""d,lm. J"' 'I"·"' ,.. ,,,n,1, 'i,k,.o" Thc:,c ~<.~its arc also tt.ought w be drift but are more widespread apd mueti 1hicker Major colkctions of mlcrofossib are from the "flctshe,', Ranch"' locality than the depoaiu rc5ting on the elevated terrace (Rau, l 973; Hous1er, 1974). Locally between melange ro,cks anct the adjacent res:st.int sand~tones and eongkm1eretes . MakKh Forma(ion- An nppc:, Eocene and Oligocene deep margir.a! basin (M4146. and M44] 5) in the fossil Creek .structure (see map). Tuxa listed ~low t.ave (n,1,,.,,,,,.,,11, er , ,., ,,,,,.,,.,", ~''"'' ' " in the Kalaloch.Point Grenville arta, th6 unean;olidated ma!eri~l extend~ up to an Also. r.e~r the: ,outh Cild of the Scott Creek melange zone the regional north"Ollt trend sedimentary •equenoe in the northwescern Olympic Pen insuls, \Vuhington: h<:en i~cntified by W. 0. A.ddicott of the ll.S. Geological Surt·ey. {1/difi:d to a northeast suike near ll.S. Geological Sur\'ey Open-File Reriort "J9-5~l, 75 r,. Gastropods: widos;i=d botv.een the Bogachiel and Hoh River valleys where. In r.iany places. they the foul! contact Snav~ly, P. D.. Jr.; Pearl, J, E.; Lander, D. L., 1977, lnLerirn report on petroleum c ,~ic1dc.,-1 t m •m,1rn, t:I:.-!. • B,uclu,·Ha 011'£00IW5ls (Cru,rnd) e~1cnd up to an elevation of at leDst 800 feet. It. therefore, appear, that the moijt S~•eral periiXls of deformation are evidenced by the combined muctural relations resources potential and goo!ogic hawrds in U'ie outer ecntin~ntal shelf­ C,fo.,1imnte by E. W. S.:ott: U.S. Gcologtcal Survey Open-File Report und l,!one, ,. ' 1978). Na1ic11 cf. N. c/arkl EttterinlltOn st,atu b:i.sed on sei.l imentary foatures are amons sign,ficant evidence for m~~e ti,an 77-282. 64 p. Trochita n. ;p. Moore 11,,,,_,/,n, ,.,,.,w,.,,m,i,.r.,., " •. one: period of folding. For example. top direction indications in the Dry Creek fold ~re S1ewact, R. J., 1970, Petrology, metamorphism, and struetura! relations of S:aphopod: 11,m 1/,n; Ju,,olur." llocl, THE QUILLA\"UTE l'ORMATJON (Tqy) 1ar,: bu, tl105e recorded ar: somewhat conflicting ar.d ,uggcst th~1 tight, perhaps _grayw~ckes in the west~rn Olympic Peninsula. Washington: Stanford l>.m,,l,n, .,,,,Jml.,Ll l ,shm,o and ' " Dertalfom sp. isoclin~I. folding of the &trnlil. took place prior to the defo,m~tion that formed th: l .1m'"s ,. The name Quillayute Formation was fir~! used by Reagan (1909), and al1hough University Ph. D. lhesis, 123 p. Bi\'all'e.: broad region.1! fold now "PFarent iTI !he Dry C,eek arM The age of the ro.::lu ,, hat lie I)•• ,,,,,,.,, l'--'"f~'"'J 1,l'(l,1,,.,_, , " his description of tire areal extent of the formation i& generalized to includ~ lhe Stewa,L. R. J .. 1971, Stru~lural fram~wo,k uf the \Veo;tern Olympic Peninsub, " Anudar~ sp. unconformably beneath the Oli~oc:ene-Miocene (Zemmrian·Sauce~ian) rocks o( th~ w.,,hingto,,: G..,l<1Si"" I S<>«le !;r.,J,' r,_"''"" '"' ' " lhat it covered a much larger area than subi~uem studies show. He reg8rdcd C/inoc.irdfofiT cf. C. pr~cliiandum Keen ttrh ·,t,uo" f t m, .. 1,m(·u,lrna, C C C indur-.1Lion, and sh~aring of tho m:i.,si,•c sandstone to the west of the MiTiter 1yndine, Stewart. R . 1.. 1974. Zeolite facies metamorphism of sandstone in the westHn molluscan fossils from the Maxfield Creek looality (,cc. 2&, T. 2S N., R. 1-4- W.) to be Diplodon/JJ p11rilis (Conrad) I p,,,,JL,, ,( I U,r,o, < ->hm,a as well 2s al l the roch of 1he Anderson Creek slru~ture LO the southeast, is noticenbly Olympic Peninsula, Wa,liington: Geolo~ical Society of America Bulle!jn, ,: . aaJ ~,mK• of Pliocene age. Arnold and H~nnib.,.l (1913, p. 604) referred to the focma1ion as O/_ycymeri5 cf. O. ranr:ouveremi, Clark and Arnold greater :t.an iL is in the Ollerlying Oligocen~-Miocene strata of Lhe Mim~r Sfndine. S5, no. 7, p. l!l9-1142. rp,m,:1 1 " ~t)"pica l Empire sands:one:· fo 1916. w~ver considered th Qu il layotc Formation to K~therinellu sp. No fosiil d~ la and very lit1k ,t,uctural d~ la ~cc available in the mas,i·,e ,andst,oTics of I U,'n~\"lJ/0, I RO,,>) ' b: l~le Mic,,;;en~ in age and H:rtlei11 and Crid.may (l92S} and Palmer (1927a) Stuiscr. Minze: Heussei. C. J.; Yang. I. C., 1978, North American glacial history I'"°""' ' ' " Lucinoma·/ the W~den Creek blo;:k, but these rocks also appear to !,ave undergone more extended to 75.000 )'ears ago: Science. , .. 200. p. 16·21. "'"""·"~r ' concurred with this conolusion. In 1937, Wca,·cr infcrrtci a Plio;:enc tgc for faunas Nuculana op. 11,~ •.'u, ,I I b:ir,/l'rnm 18.roal " deformation than others in nearby areas. Offshore rock outcrops. the roe~1 !hat ir,ake Tabor, R. W., )975, Guide to the geology oftht Olympic l','ational Park, Washington: ' " " From these beds suggesting they may ht slightly older than those in the Quinnult />anop"" cf. P. s,whcmisl,e,isis (Cl6rk) and J,,hm.,.,• · up mou of the co"stal headlands, and possibly !he late Eoccr,e rocks of the Mor. R. W.; Carl}' , W. M .. 19<&.-.. Geologic m~p ,:,f the Olympic Peninsula. l'l.rra'm .,,,.., m le•"'•""• I lo.lomrolr > Wasl, i11glon. So/~men snavely1 Add10J1t gen~mlly in a M rth-somh direction. This struetu,a l pattern was sub~equent!y ru,,.n,wi>.1rr ln r=nt yews, W. 0. Addicott of t~ U.S. Gr:ological Survey h!13 m~de Washington: U.S. Gr:ological Sun-cy Miscellanr:ol!s lnvestiga1iom1 Map l-994, ' ' Solen ,wirndi Dall modified into the present-day configurntion by bro~d regional folding. t:i.,a.Ju/,,, /,:,, ,,Jr~ i·c1,b1f•) , " additional coll~,;,tions of ma~rofo!!sil!! from the Qui!layute Form~1'0n exposed at the 2 sheet~, scale 1:125,000. ' ' Sc/en alf. S. cfal/Jmonsis Clark and Arnold In o,te, ar~a, cvi~enc,; ~ugg,;:;l ~ ,.ml)' 1>nc J>CriW of major ful~ing. Of tl11::sc, th~ Tul>or, R. W.; CaCy. W. M., 197Bb, The structure of the Olympic Mountai~i, (il,,~·g•rm, -.rr " H. l: ij ltf'CCR R I•' mouth·Of":'.1aJUleld Creek on the south bank of the Bogachiel River. His collections. Spfsuh alb:lrfa (Conr!ld) n,.,11,~ ...... r (; U Ufa"u/,,o; ,11,;i.) 1 " Oligocenc-Mio,;::ne rock.a of the Minter ayr.clinc ar<: moat appur;nt. [n th~e ,ocks the Washingtor~Analys,s of a subduotion wne, U.~ UeologiCl!l Survey ' together v.ith other.; fmm thh locality (USGS localities M4406 and l l04S), numb:r Spirn/,1 cf. S. nlh.sci.1 CNISM~"l's H<>.ve (;1,,1,,r.,im1m.a d (, cu,,, .,/>.il,n,1., IC okl ' attitude, are rehti,.dy uniform with moderate dip, ant! to? indicstion, are co:npletely Professional Paper I 033. 38 p. some 60 species, (Addioott, v.rit•cn communic.ation, 1978). Listed lx:low arc some of Tellin11 ~macer~ia Conrad conii~tent. Tht r,xk.~ of bo'.h the Moiquito Cr~k and fossil Cr<1ek b!o,;:k; arc af a r:1,,l,,,h,,Jomi,.r ,., "'" d'O•l>f;•) " ,· the more comiT.on ]y OO,C\l rrir.g tall.II. Tinin, D. L.; Cameron, B. E. 13.; Murray, J. W., l9i2. Tectonic and depo.si'.ional /,/,~, , •1v.rdu/,n,/ !' ,'00,,,, LH , nl~tn I C • Tbrocia :;ch<:nck1 n~land ,imilar ai:e ~nd also mosc like!~ have under~one only one major period of folding. hi:tor)" of the C<> nLinenLnl mnrgin o!T Vonoouver lslar.d, Briti:;h Columbia: • Gastropods: Vertipec1en fuc:wus (D:ill) However, attitude• are not a, consistent a~d dips are grea!c,- tx.ll top indicat iOTIS am Our'"1,u, '" 'f''"'" H>•~ f') C~nadian Journal of Earlh Sc,encc. v. 9. no. 3. p. 2&0.296. r..,. .,/,o., ,· r /; .,wl '"' , ,-h, "" '"' An!ip/un~, pcrvr;r)·~ (Oabt,) Addicotl (wriltcn wmmunicet,on, l ~71() r~l"ers thi~ assemblllge to his Pi llari•n Stage ton&istent. Thus, tliesc ,ocb. although p,obably limited to one J7l~jor period of Sc·Oeoc-1; Calir:~n!/rarus n. sp. Wcal'er. C. E .• 1916. The Tertiary formatio~s of weotern Wasblnllto3: Washiniton {Addlcott, 1976) of early Mloc:ne age. He further s1ates that the ass~mblage has lo'.diTig. appear to have undergone more s~vere deformat:on durmg that period than Geological Sun·ey Bulletin 13, 327 p. m ,.,,r,,,,, ,,.,r/.1ar, fOrh••" " ",. ,, I" C R (' C31/ic.st""'3 sp. G.,""~'"' ,o/J,.,,, "'"'"~"rc,J1a (".,J.,,,J., " C n1an}' ipccies in common wiih the fauna d the Clallam rorma'.ion of th~ Clallam Bay rocts of slm llar age In the Mimer syncline. Wea\'er, C. E, 1937, Tertiary Stratigraphy of ,v~n•rn Washington 3nd northwestern " Crepi,fo/11 pn1~m.nt11 l.ilnmil Hen, including tho strll.tigraphically r~slricte R,rn Mi!rella cf. M. iuberosa (Carpenter) bivalves arc disarticulated 10 it fa poos,blc t!iat p,,st·mortcn transp,,1l ha:i occurred. TERTIARY GEOLot;IC HJS"lURY Wildlife Refug~s. Wushingtc,n; U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1260.f, p. J.!("OJ ,f J ,W>, Jrius cf. N. and:rsoni (Wea,-.,r) taxa and support the condusion ot ttt least local redeposition of some materials. the di;tribution of litholagi"S, f~sils, and structural relation• of Tertiary rack... l~ '""" 'r ' " N~pwr.o:a lyrat~ allispira (Gabb) Smaller co llecticn, of macrofossils (M6507 and M6503) ha\'e been identified by SedirneMation. lergely as turl:>idi\e depositiM prior 10 Oligoc~nc 1ime, 1onk pisc,, st !.om:vlroo., r " ,. r ~- Neptuz,ea tabufau, (Baird) Addicott (listed bclow) from the Mosquito Creek 5tructure (sec map). He eond~d:, bmhyal tlepths as reflected by late Eocene fossils and rocks of Che Murphy Creek 11 .., ,,,..,;,.. ,, r " ' " " Nucci/a im~rialis (Dall) thl( lhey susge1t a Miocene age similar to the Fkitchcr's Ranch as . Folding was sever<:, possibly isoclina.l in pla~es . ., ,ccordc:d '.,.i ... ,.11, ,r " S~mic.assls aequisu/c.arnm (Dall) es;,eciully well in some of the rock s oi coastal hudlands and off.shore outcrops. ,'.,,r, ,,,n, ,,n.;m.1 1, Ho.,, r t ,. 9iva!v~s; USGS loealitic~ Em~rgenc,, ~nrl e. rnsin11 are r<\C,lrd..:, particubrly well in th~ Mimer .1ync!ine where •.,>I"'·'"' ,'""ii"'.""" JXH,g,., • !\ K " Acila bJanco,,nsio Howe M6507 M650S moderately folded O J;gocc:ne-Miocene s1rata are b~!icved to rest with decided ''"'"'"''~O,I ; 11,Jr,,••ri,O !~• l:,n Tc/line/I~ muriami (W~ver) X pan. a lso took place a, turbidite de;x,sition in o bathyal environment. A :,c:cond p:riod Tdlir.a , mJc"a!J Couad X ""' R I· "'"" f, c: ,;"""" Ec~ lnoid: of deformation of Hoh rocks i, recorded by the folding of the Oligocen~-Miocene l',.,.,.1, ,1-,i.,b",., ...1 p,p.•J,~ (d 'l\rb>"'J I " ' Vcrlipecten fucanus (Dall) .. X ,. " KtMia cf. K. b/anooe11sio (Howe) ro:ks, as 'Nell ai o\rler rock5, int'l brn~d .st rucmre5 much a, is se.,n today particular ly h,.,~,1.. .t,/m a rnll.a1, I llrn '""'"'"' I . '!i R c· "t· f. Ii Aocor\Ji ag tu Addicoct (written commwtiaLLion, 1978), "'This fauna is late The following scv~n litholog,c •.ypco in lhc Hoh ro,;k as:.cmblogc !rave been in 1h~ Minter syncline, and in the Mosquito Creek and fossil Creek amlcllnes . /''" "'·\ •l., M,lm,· aff /l ,,,fl.,•.> \ e«ne,,a"; I C 1111/l"h/c, hl"01bl!'•l' Miocene in age and rcprcs~nts t he Wishkahan Stage of Addicott (1976). lt ~orr,lat,s reeognized and their Cistributian shown on the mll p: S~b"'{w:11 t tu Lhis foldi,~. LHulti11g took place as is represemed especially v.cll by the !'"U""' l'ufo,., ,r r•. rn,IJ,.,,.. <.0,,, 11 ,nJ ' ' with th~ fauna cf tho lm,-.,r P3rt o: the Montesano Formation of the northern margin Thsl: siltstone massi~ to rhythmically bedded with thin laminoe o; Oil City Faull. Followinll sometime in the midd le or poosibly l<1tc Miocene, m:cjor ,1, ~'""" d th~. rlrAys HArhtir h,sin neii, Aherdel\n anrl ll,foott-1~nn, sn1>(hwe<1 Washin~TM. fine-grained s~ndstone. dia,t,ophism LOOk place as reflected lurgelr by extensive thrust faulting. The earlies! /'"~""' ,,,,,,,i,.,.,, R I , nJ;. l S"""" . Many ipeci,:,; arc al:;oi;ornmon " ith thr:: fauna ofth Empire Formation at Coos Bay. Thim: caleareous siltstone-bedded. induratcr:l sil1 stone with concretionar)· lenses. faultin~ durini this ~riod appeus to be represented by the northwest-trending Lacy r;ui111"'·"~"""" ,~""'·"·' u·urt.111<"1, ccr,,·i, I t.lcirpY•"·"" C" u-',.,a, ' •. " as well as the P!iocenc Quinault Formation. includes und11fcrcnli~ led conglomerate. grit. and co• rse-grnined sandstone Mioo::ne 1i me. hot eatly MioceM foosils contained in blocks in some of the m~lange I '',,i, T. 28 N •. R. 14 W.) and OM on the Soleduck River (se c, 16, T. 28 N., R. 14 W.), all argillitc, siltstone, gray\\'eeke sa~ds1one, and granit ic ,ocks; sandstone is wero again broken by extens ive fouhs, but this time by nonheasHrending strike· slip I ''<'"'"JP"-'••C»hmana,dT>r,ucr.n,., c ,, ,h0>.n .t 1d h ldq,dl '.. within a rOOius of xbout l mile. mass,ve, blue-gray when frethly broken, oli,•e.gray when we.i.thered and fau lt<. especially th~ La Pu,b, Goodman Creek, and Hoh River Faults Bnth Jett "nd l ,._,,,,,. ,r. • . ,.,.:,~"!'""·' c.,,i,,.,,,n The beds are lar~cly mc:dium- to coarse-gr~ined, olive· 10 buff-oolorc,.I friable con1 ains abun:lant lithic fragments commonly includin!'; dark-gray shale riJ:b! lateral movements are e~pressed by this fanltinR. Minor foldin,i accompanied ·"" rn""r sands:on: with lenses of fossiliferous pebble eonglomcra!c. Sandy siltstone fa exposed chips. faulting as a rc;ult of drag on the major ;;trike-slip faults, such fold ing is expressed I ,._,.,..,,,rt,,/ I ,a/ilm .. ,·aCu,hm" r r in the we,tern part of the Maxfield Creek out.,rop in section 28, and the entire Thm: melange ;ock:;--chaotically mixed blo,;:ks, va,ying gr~atly in size, of WQ!I, for exampl~. in the coastal rocks adj~cent to tbe La Pu,h Fault. Emergence, I Hi,,·rnP<·II, ,•1<·,.J 11,ap,1111' Lu.h111.,a " "" omcrop of s~tion 29 is massive fossiliferous siltstone. Although nowher?: during the massive sandstone. laminated si llstor.e ar,d sandstone. massive siltstone. subaerJ al ero sion, and submergence once again took rl~<% prior to the depositiM nf ( " t.: 1;1.1u1sc of it.e prciem mv~ti~~liun h~i Lhc bl'$ of the form~liun \,a;r, ull,encJ, th~ and ahcred vckanic rocks ~Cl in a dark-gray. intensely sheared matrix of the late Miocene or Pliocene shallow-,vatcr Quill~yute Formation. Gentlt folding as unit, with mOOcrate dips no greater than 17 dcgri:cs, ob,fously re sts with dceided clay~ and silutonc fragments. ,~p,c.11<: d,.,m, '""".' '""' Lu,hm'" .mJ S,mo,,~,,, • unconformity on underlying, ,teeply dipping older Hoh ro<:ks, some of which crop out Thv, volcanic rocks-undiffcrentiettd, including large blocks within melange deformat ion 10 take place durin~ the Terti~ry period . '"" 1•//,M" 0,,/.if'.1<0,,, ~,u " ,. ' neuby. =ts of ,lt,.r..-1 s,1lconic hr~,~. tn lF~. ~n~ m,i.~ive 1:>a.1a l1 .

GEOLOGIC MAP IN THE VICINITY OF THE LOWER BOGACHIEL AND HOH RIVER VALLEYS, AND THE WASHINGTON COAST By WELDON W. RAU 1979