Of the Nothern Arabian Sea. Part 2: Stomatopoda

Home , Acanthosquilla, Clorida, Cumacea, Gonodactylidae, Gonodactylus, Lysiosquilla

An illustrated key to the Malacostraca (Crustacea) of the northern Arabian Sea. Part 2: Stomatopoda

Item Type article

Authors Tirmizi, N.M.; Kazmi, Q.B.; Manning, R.B.

Download date 26/09/2021 09:33:41

Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/31959 Pakistan Journal of Marine Sciences, Vol.3(2), 125-169, 1994

AN ILLUSTRATED KEY TO THE MALACOSTRACA (CRUSTACEA) OF THE NORTHERN ARABIAN SEA

PART ll; STOMATOPODA

N asima M. Tinnizi, Quddusi B. Kazmi and Raymond B. Manning Marine Reference Collection and Resource Centre, University of Karachi, Karachi-15270, Pakistan (NMT, QBK); Department oflnvertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian Institution, WashingtonD.C.20560, U.S.A. (RBM).

ABSTRACT: The key deals with 40 stomatopod species belonging to 17 genera and 9 families. Each species is accompanie'd by· illustrations ofthe key characters. For each species the first reporter is referenced. A schematic diagram is given explaining terminology.

KEY WORDS: Malacostraca- Arabian Sea- Stomatopoda- Key.

INTRODUCTION

Stomatopods or mantis shrimps are inhabitants of littoral regions where they live in bottom crevices or burrows. They are occasionaily caught in fish nets and are landed with the trash at fish harbours. The larvae are plan..lctonic. Most aspects of the general biology of species occuring on our coast are hardly understood except that some species are abundant and comparatively common and their mat~rial might be collected readily for a variety of studies. The inost important is or might be their use as food for human consumption. A preliminary study was Undertaken by Tirmizi and Bashir (1975) when individuals of mantis shrimps and penaeid shrimps of the same size were studied and observed that the edible meat in the two was of the same weight. T.he species composition in the northern Arabian Sea shows diversification. The earliest records of Stomatopoda in the northern Arabian Sea are in Wood-Mason (1895) of Squilla supplex from Bombay. Out of the 37 species reported from the Arabian Sea about 28 species are known from along the Indian subcontinent (Manning, 1988). Baig (1954) for the first time after partition from Karachi, Pakistan record~d 3 species and then Tirmizi and Manning (1968) from Pakistan in a monographic work reportedl7 species and later on Tirinizi and Kazmi (198i) keyed out 19 species. Ahmed eta!. (1972) published a list for marine fauna of Pakistan. This list includes 8 species of stoinatopods. Llyod (1908) mentions of Squilla species ·from southwest coast of Arabia collected by RIMSS Investigator in 1907 and himself reported 6 species from Bombay and Karachi~ Of these, the record of Squill a ova to ria (misspelled for aratoria) is considered here to be mistakenly given from Bombay by Lloyd since S. aratoria certainly does not occur south or west of Vietnam (RBM). Chopra (193 9) fro. n South Arabian coast reported Lysiosquilla sewelli, .Gonodactylus demani var. espinosus, G. demani var. ? espinosus, Eurysquilla sewelli and from Kuria Muria Island Pseudosquilla ciliata. The gonodactylid lot actually contained G. choprai Manning, 1967 arid G. incipiens Lanchester, 1903 (Manning, 1990). From 126 Pakistan Journal of Marine Sciences, Vol.3(2), 1994 southern Oman Hogarth (1989) reported 3 species. The fauna of Somalia coast is the least known, only 3 speCies have been reported from there (Manning, 1988). Duris (1987) reported Echinosquilla guerinii from the western Indian Ocean (Socotra Island). Ghosh (1990) mentioned 13 species from Lakshadweep, only 4 of these fall in the area studied. All these species are now included in the present key. In the key, taxa occuring in the Pakistan waters are preceded by an asterisk(*). For nomenclatural changes Manning's works are generally followed. Further, based on Manning's works of 1988 and 1991 a list is prepared for the species occuring in the Gulfs and the Red Sea; these species are not given in the key and are listed below:

Family Coronididae: Neocoronida trachurus (von Martens, 1881) Family Lysiosquillidae: Lysiosquilla mhculata (Fabricius, 1793) Family Nannosquillidae: A9anthosquilla derijardi Manning, 1970 Acanthosquilla vicina (Nobili, 1904) Keppelius hestricotelson (Barnard, 1958) Pullosquilla thomassini Manning, 1978

Family ~urysquillidae: Manningia arabica Manning, 1990 Family Gonodactylidae: Gonodactylus acutirostris de Man, 1898 Gonodacty{us mutatus Lanchester, 1903 Family Protosquillidae: Chorisquilla spinosissima (Pfeffer, 1888) Family Pseudosquillidae: Pseudosquilla megalophthalma Bigelow, 1893 Family Squillidae: Alima neptuni (Linnaeus, 1768) Anchisquillafasciata (de Haan, 1844) Carinosquilla carinata (Serene, 1950) Clarida fa/lax (Bouvier, 1914) Kempina stridulans (Wood-Mason, 1895) Kempina mikado (Kemp and Chopra, 1921) Lenisquilla gilesi (Kemp, 1911) Lenisquilla lata (Brooks, 1886) Leptosquilla schmeltzii (A. Miln:e Edwards, 1873) Oratosquilla bristeini Makarov, 1971 Oratosquiila gonypetes (Kemp, 1911) Oratosquilla massavensis (Kossmann, 1880) Oratosquilla simulans (Holthuis, 1967) Oratosquilla striata Manning, 1978 Oratosquilla perpensa (Kemp, 1911)

A schematic diagram (Fig.l) is given for the technical terms used in the key. Total length (TL) ofthe specimens is given when possible. Total length is measured along the midline from the anterior margin of the .rostral plate to the posterior apices of the submedian teeth of the telson. Tirmizi eta!.: Key to the northern Arabian Sea Malacostraca 127

CARAPACE A1\!D ROSTRAL PLATE -+---- Rosrral plate -- Anterolateral angle of carapace \Vf--1--lr-- Anterior bifurcation of median carina Marginal } Lateral CARINAE Intermediate I----11H-- Gastric groove --_..::::-1-''-+1--1--- Cervico I groove Reflected portion of marginal carina EXPOSED THORACIC SOMITES

Lateral process of fifth thoracic sornit~ ~-!f:~;t:::j:"-'-y- Median } n _ _...-.-- Submedian CARINAE Intermediate b FIRST ABDOMINAL SOMITE Lateral }cARINAE Marginal l----..l,-+--+-1--- Submedian H--+-+--lntermedialo Late rot FIFTH AND SIXTH ABDOMINAL SOMITES CARINAE OF TEl SON t+--+--+---1.1,.:-.-- MadKJn 1---lr-+---4-J,..----Accessory rnedlao ---rlll.--- Anterior or dorool submedian +--... ~~- ~:~~dian } \--~1--- Anterior or dorsal intermediate Intermediate C.ARINAE -lateral · k\'-=l.::::::~=:mt- Lateral -·Morginol Marginal c

TEETH OF TELSON ....__ __ Laterol '------Intermediate ~------Submedian DENTICLES OF TELSON '---'------lnlen'neill

Fig. 1. Terms used in key: a. Squillidae, carina! terminology; b. Lysiosquillidae, propodus and dactylus of mxp.3; c. Eurysquillidae, Gonodactylidae and Pseudosquillidae, telson and last abdominal somite (from Manning, 1977c).

KEY

1. Propodi of mxp. 3 and 4 broad, usually beaded ortibbed ventrally ...... 2 - Propodi of mxp. 3 and 4 slender, not beaded or ribbed ventrally. At most, submedian marginal teeth ·of telson with movable apices ...... 6 2. Telson lacking .;harp dorsal median carina ...... Superfamily Lysiosquilloidea Giesbrecht, 1910 ...... 3 - Telson with sharp dorsal median carina ...... Superfamily Erythrosquilloidea Manning and Camp, 1993. 128 Pakistan Journal of Marine Sciences, Vol.3(2), 1994

Endopodal segments of walking legs slender. Proximal portion of outer margin of uropodal endopod lacking proximal fold ...... A single family Erythrosquillidae Manning and Bruce, 1984. Eye very large. Cornea bilobed. Carapace lacking carinae or spines. Dactylus of claw with 5 teeth. Abdomen smooth. Telson broader than long, with 3 pairs of marginal teeth ...... A sole genus : Erythrosquilla Manning and Bruce, 1984. A sole species: E. megalops Manning and Bruce, 1984. References: Manning and Bruce, 1984.

Fig.2. Erythrosquilla megalops Manning & Bruce, 1984: a. anterior part of body, b. lateral process of thoracic somites 5-7; c. last abd. somite, telson and uropod; q. carpus, propodus and dactylus of mxp.3; e. raptorial claw; f. right uropod, ventral view (after Manning and Bruce, 1984).

3. Distal segment of endopod of anterior 2 walking legs broadly ovate or subcircular. Proximal portion of outer margin of uropodal endopod with a strong fold ...... Family Nannosquillidae Manning, 1980. Cornea subglobular. Rostral plate subquadrate, trispinous anteriorly or with single apical spine. Dorsal surface of telson with fan-shaped row of 5 spines. Movable submedian marginal teeth present on telson ...... A single genus: Acanthosquilla Manning, 1963 ...... 4 Tirmizi eta/.: Key to the northern Arabian Sea Malacostraca 129

Distal segment of endopod of anterior 2 walking legs strap-shaped, elongate. Proximal portion of outer margin of uropodal endopod lacking strong fold ...... Family Lysiosquillidae Giesbrecht, 1910. Dorsal surface of telson unarmed. Cornea bilobed. Rostral plate heart-shaped. Dactylus of raptorial claw not inflated basally, with 11-13 teeth ...... : .. A single species: *Lysiosquilla tredecimdentata Holthuis, 1941. References: Baig, 1954 as Lysiosquilla maculata (Fabricius, 1793); Tirmizi and Manning, 1968.

c -----

Fig. 3. Lysiosquilla tredecimdentata Holthuis, 1941: a.dorsal view (TL.259 mm); b.anterior part of body; c.last abd. somite,telson and uropod (after Tirmizi and Kazmi, 1981 ). 130 Pakistan Journal of Marine Sciences, Vol.3(2), 1994

4. Telson with 2 pairs of fixed marginal teeth ...... 5 Telson with 4 pairs of fixed marginal teeth. Rostral plate angled anterolaterally, with median spine. Dactylus of raptorial claw with 7 teeth. Submedian denticles in transverse row ...... A. humesi Manning, 1968. References: Ghosh, 1981.

Fig.4. Acanthosquilla humesi Manning, 1968: a. anterior part of body; b. raptorial claw; c. abd. somite 5 - 6, telson and uropod (after Manning, 1968a). Tirmizi eta,: Key to the northern Arabian Sea Malacostraca 131

5. ~obes on outer margin of dactylus of claws subequal. Submedian denticles of telson in transverse row. Rostral plate subquadrate with anterolateral angles :runcate. Dactylus of raptorial claw with 8 teeth .. *A. acanthocarpus (Claus, 1871) References: Tirmizi and 1"1anning, 1968.

Fig.5. Acanthosquilla acanthocarpus (Claus, 1871): a. dorsal view (TL.52 mm)~ b. raptorial claw; c. telson and uropod (after Tirmizi and Kazmi, i981). 132 Pakistan Journal of Marine Sciences, Vol.3(2), 1994

Distal lobe on outer margin of dactylus of claw much the larger. Submedian denticles of telson in oblique rows. Rostral plate rectangular, with apical median projection. Dactylus of claw with 5-6 teeth .. .A. multifasciata (Wood-Mason, 1895) References: Ghosh and Manning, 1988.

Fig.6. Acanthosquilla multifasciata (Wood-Mason,1895): a. dorsal view; b. anterior part; c. raptorial claw; d. telson (after Wood-Mason, 1895).

6. Four or more intermediate marginal denticles present on telson ...... Superfamily Squilloidea Latreille, 1803 ...... 7 - No more ihan 2 intermediate. marginal denticles present on telson ...... Superfaniily Gonodacty1oidea Giestbrecht, 1910 ...... 22 7. Posterolateral angles of carapace rounded. Propodus of raptorial c'taw pectinate, lacking erect spines ...... Family Squillidae Latreille, 1803 ...... 10 Posterolateral angles of carapace deeply emarginate. Upper margin of propodus of claw with row of large, erect spines and intervening smaller spines ...... Family Harpiosquillidae Manning, 1980. Tirmizi et al.: Key to the northern Arabian Sea Malacostraca 133

Eye large, T-shaped. Cornea bilobed. Ocular scales separate. Five epipods present. Abdomen broad. Telson with apices of submedian teeth fixed ...... A single genus:Harpiosquilla Holthuis, 1964 ...... 8 8. Fifth thoracic somite with a lateral spine ...... 9 Fifth thoracic somite rounded laterally. Dactylus of raptorial claw with 8 teeth. Indistinct submedian carinae on thoracic and first 5 abd. somites ...... *H. harpax (de Haan,1844). References: Tirmiz1 and Manning, 1968.

b c I

~ I d

Fig.7.Harpiosquilla harpax (de Haah, 1844): a. dorsal view; b. anterior part of body; c. outline of lateral processes of exposed thoracic somites; d .. last two· abd. somites, telson and uropod (after Manning, 1968a). 134 Pakistan Journal of Marine Sciences, Vol.3(2), 1994

9. Submedian carinae of abd. somite 5 armed posteriorly. Distal segment of ':lropodal exopod black With a white midrib ...... H. annandalei (Kemp, 1911) References: Manning, 1969b.

c b

Fig.8. Harpiosquilla annandalei (Kemp, 1911): a: dorsal view (after Kemp, 1913); b.anterior part of bpdy; c. lateral processes of thoracic somites 5-7 (b,c after Manning, 1969b). Tirmizi eta!.: Key to the northern Arabian Sea Malacostraca 135

- Submedian carinae of abd. somite 5 unarmed. Distal segment of uropodal exopod with inner half dark, not black...... *H. raphidea (Fabricius, 1798) References: Tirmizi and Manning, 1968.

Fig. 9.Harpiosquilla raphidea (Fabricius, 1798):a. dorsal view; b. front; c. raptorial claw, male (after Manning, 1969b). 136 Pakistan Journal of Marine Sciences, Vol.3(2), 1994

10. Cornea small, usually not as broad as stalk. Ocular scales fused. Submedian teeth of telson with movable apices. Clorida Eydoux and Souleyet, 1842 ...... 11 Cornea small or large always broader than stalk. Ocular scales separate. Sub- median teeth of telson with fixed apices ...... 14 11. Abd. so mites 1-5 with faint but distinct submedian carinae ...... 12 Abd. somites 1-5 without trace of submedian carinae ...... 13 12. Lateral processes of thoracic somite 5 directed straight outward ...... *C. latreillei Eydoux and Souleyet, 1842 References: Tirmizi and Kazmi, 1981.

Fig.10. Clarida latreillei Eydoux and Souleyet, 1842: a.dorsal view (TL. 43 mm); b. anterior part of body; c. telson ofbreeding male; d. uropod (after Tirmizi and Kazmi, 1981) Tirmizi eta!.: Key to the northern Arabian Sea Malacostraca 137

Lateral process of thoracic somite 5 bent obliquely forward ...... C. bomhayensis (Chhapgar and Sane, 1968) References: Chhapgar and Sane, 1967 as Squilla bombayensis Reference to change: Ghosh and Manning, 1988.

a b

Fig. 11. Clarida bombayensis (Chhapgar and Sane, 1968): a. dorsalview; b. raptorial claw; c: last abd. somite, telson and uropods (after Chhapgar and Sane, 1967). 138 Pakistan Journal of Marine Sciences, Vol.3(2), 1994

13. Mandibular palp absent...... *C. microphthalma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837) References: Wood-Mason, 1895 as Chloridella microphthalma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837);Tirmizi and Manning,1968 as Chlorida microphthalma (H.Milne Edwards, 1837)

Fig.12. Clarida microphthalma (H. Milne Edwards, l837):a. dorsal view (TL.32 mm); · b. eyes; c. raptorial claw; d. telson and uropod of female; e. uropod (after irmizi and Kazmi, 1981). Tinnizi eta!.: Key to the northern Arabian Sea Malacostraca 13 9

Mandibular palp present...... C. denticauda (Chhapgar and Sane, 1968) References: Chhapgar and Sane, 1967 as Squilla denticauda. Reference to change: Ghosh and Manning, 1988

Fig. B. Clarida denticauda (Chhapgar and Sane, 1968): a dorsal view; b. raptorial claw; c. abd. somite 6, telson and uropods (after Chhapgar and Sane, 1967). 140 Pakistan Journal of Marine Sciences, Vol.3(2), 1994

14. Lateral processes of thoracic somites 5-7 single, not bilobed. Less than 4 epipods present. Cloridopsis Manning, 1968 ...... 15 Lateral processes of thoracic so mites 5-7 bilobed. Four or more epipods present...... 16 - Lateral processes of thoracic somite 5 distinct, that of 6 not bilobed. Abd. so mites 1-5 each with a sharp median keel in addition to 8 longitudinal carinae. Four epipods present...... A single species: Alimopsis supple.'< (Wood-Mason, 1875) . References: Chhapgar and Sane, 1968 as Squilla supplex Wood-Mason, 1875. Reference to change: Manning, 1977b.

Fig.14. Alimopsis supplex (Wood-Mason, 1895): a. dorsal view; b. anterior part of body (after Wood-Mason, 1895); d. telson and uropod (after Kemp, 1913). Tirmizi et al.: Key to the northern Arabian Sea Malacostraca 141

15. Lateral process of thoracic somite 5 with a large black spot. Apex of rostral plate narrow ...... *C. scorpio (Latreille, 1828) References: Tirmizi and Manning, 1968

d a

Fig.15. C/oridopsis scorpio (Latreille, 1828): a.dorsal view (TL.71mm); b. eye; c. rostrum and anterior part of carapace; d. lateral process of thoracic somite 5; e. last abd. somite, telson and uropod (after Tirmizi and Kazmi, 1981). 142 Pakistan Journal of Marine Sciences, Vol.3(2), 1994

Lateral process· of thoracic somite 5 lacking a large black spot. Apex of rostral plate broad ...... *C. immaculata (Kemp, ~913) References: Tirmizi and Manning, 1968.

c a

Fig.l6. C!oridopsis immaculata (Kemp, 1913): a. anterior part of body (after Kemp, 1913); b. rostral plate; c. lateral process of thoracic somite 5 (after Tirmizi and Manning, 1968). Tirmizi eta!.: Key to the northern Arabian Sea Malacostraca 143

16. Carapace with full complement of carinae. Inner margin of basal prolongatiOn ot uropod with at most serrations or tubercles ...... 17 - Carapace usually with reduced complement of carinae. Inner margin of basal prolongation of uropod with spines. Telson without dorsal tubercles ...... A single species: Squilloides leptosquilla (Brooks, 1886). References: Shanbhogue, 1969.

b c l a

Fig. 17. Squilloidrs leptosquilla (Brooks, 1886): a. dorsal view; b.. eye; c. lateral processes of thoracic so mites· 5-7; d. outline of suhmedian teeth and denticles of telson; e. basal prolongation of uropod (a after Brooks, 1886, b-e after Manning, 1968b). 144 Pakistan Journal of Marine Sciences, Vol.3(2), 1994

17. Cornea expanded, very large, width about 1/3 carapace length. Dactylus of raptorial claw with 10-18 teeth (rostral plate without median carina) ...... A sole species: Natosquilla investigatoris (Lloyd, 1907) References: Lloyd, 1907 as Squilla investigatoris Lloyd, 1907 Reference to change: Manning, 1978b.

Fig.l8. Natosquilla investigatoris (Lloyd, 1907): a. dorsal view (after Lloyd, 1908); b. anterior part of body; c. thoracic somites 5-7; d. raptorial claw; (after Manning, 1978b); e. telson (b-e after Chopra. 1939). Tirmizi eta/.: Key to the northern Arabian Sea Malacostraca 145

Cornea width less than 1/3 carapace length (if cornea equal to or larger than 1/3 carapace length, then rostral plate with median carina). Dactylus of raptorial claw with 5 or 6 teeth.,.Oratosquilla Manning, 1963 ...... 18 18. Anterior bifurcation of median carina of carapace opening posterior to dorsal pit. Cornea small, set transversely on stalk. Dactylus of raptorial claw with 6 teeth ...... *0. nepa (Latreille, 1828). References :Lloyd, 1908 as Squilla hemichista Reference to change: Kemp, 1913; Tirmizi and Manning, 1968

Fig.19. Oratosquilla nepa (Latreille, 18LoJ. a. uut:sat vtt:W (TL. 92 mm); b. carapace; c. last abd. somite, .te1son and uropod (after Tirmizi and Kazmi, 1984). 146 Pakistan Journal of Marine Sciences, Vol.3(2). 1994

- Anterior bifurcation of median carina of carapace absent, or when present open anterior to dorsal pit. Cornea large, set obliquely on stalk...... 19 19. Anterior branches of bifurcation of median carina of carapace present, well formed, median carina interrupted at base of bifurcation (dacty Ius of raptorial claw ·with 6 teeth) ...... *0. interrupta (Kemp, 1911). References: Baig, 1954 as Squilla interrupta Kemp, 1911; Tirmizi and Manning, 1968.

Fig. 20. Oratosquil/a interrupta (Kemp, 1911): a. dorsal view (TL. 88 mm); b. rostrum and anterior part of carapace; c. lateral processes of abd. somites 5-7; d. basal prolongation of uropod. (b-d after Tirmizi and Kazmi, 1981). Tirmizi eta!.: Key to the northern Arabian Sea Malacostraca 14 7

Anterior branches of bifurcation of median carina of carapace completely absent, area of bifurcation usually smooth, polished (occasionally arms of bifurcation represented by broken lines tubes or by lines of pigment; entire branches rarely present) ...... 20 20. Anterior width of carapace greater than 1/2 median length. Branches of bifurcation absent. Dactylus of raptorial claw with 6 teeth ...... *0. hesperia (Manning, 1968). References: Kemp, 1913 as Squilla woodmasoni (part); Tirmizi and Manning,1968. Reference to change: Tirmizi and Manning, 1968

Fig. 21. Oratosquilla hesperia (Manning, 1968): a. dorsal view (TL.51 mm); b. anterior part of body; c. lateral processes of thoracic so mites 5-7; d. telson and uropod (b,c after Manning, 1968a). 148 Pakistan Journal of Marine Sciences, Vol. 3 (2), 1994

Anterior width behind the anterolateral angles almost invariably more than 1/2 of its length in median line including rostrum. Anterior bifurcation with almost low prominences indicating position of bifurcation often indicated by pigment only. Dactylus of raptorial claw with 6 teeth ...... 0. woodmasoni (Kemp, 1911) References: Lloyd. 1907 as Squill a polita Bigelow. 1891 Reference to change: Kemp, 1913

Fig.22.0r.atosquil/a woodmasoni (Kemp, 1911): a. anterior part ofbody; b. raptorial ~law; {atter Umgle et at. 1 Y77); c. lateral processes of thoracic somites 5-7; d. submedian teeth and denticles of telson; e. basal prolongation of uropod (a,c-e after Manning, 1978b). Tirmizi eta/.: Key to the northern Arabian Sea Malacostraca 149

- Anterior width of carapace less than 1/2 niedian length. Dactylus of raptorial claw with 5 teeth.: ...... 0. quinquedentata (Brooks, 1886) References: Chhapgar and Sane, 1968 as Squilla quinquedentata Brooks, 1886 Reference to change: Manning, 1978b

/ I \(\\ b a c

Fig. 23. Oratosquilla quinquedentata (Brooks, 1886): a. dorsal view (from Dingle et . a/., 1977); b. anterior part ofbody; c. lateral processes of thoracic somites 5-7; d. submedian denticles of telson: e. basal prolongation of uropod (b-e after Manning, 1978b).

21. lschiomeral articulation of claw terminal, merus not projecting. Dactylus of raptorial claw not inflated basally, .lacking prominent projection on outer margin posteriorly beyond articulation ...... :...... 22 150 Pakistan Journal of Marine Sciences, Vol.3(2), 1994

- lschiomcral articulation of raptorial claw subterminal, merus projecting posteriorly beyond articulation. Dactylus of raptorial claw inflated basally, prominent, rounded projection on outer margin...... 24 22. Body loosely articulated. Dactylus of claw with 4 or more teeth ...... Family Eurysquillidae Manning, 1977 ...... 23 .- Body cot11pact. Dactylus of raptorial cla'v with no rnore thazl3 teeth ...... Family Pseudosquillidae Manning, 1977 Eyes subcylindrical, long, cornea rounded. Raptorial plate ovate. Raptorial claw slender, dactylus arn1ed with 3 teeth. Telson with sharp median carina and 3 pairs of dorsal carinae. Submedian teeth of telson long, movable, submediait denticles completely absent ...... :A single species: P..;eudosquilla ciliata (Fabricius, 1787). References: Chopra, 1939; Manning, 1990.

JA .-. b' \L) (j if) b b"

Fig. 24. Pseudosquil/a ciliata (Fabricius, ng7): a. dorsal view; b. mxp. 3-5 (after Manning, 1968b), c. last abd. somite tclsonand uropod (a,c after Manning, 1977c). Tirmizi eta/.: Key to the northern Arabian Sea Malacostraca 151

23. Dactylus of raptorial claw with 4 teeth, outer face of merus unarmed. Basal prolongation of uropod with spines on inner margin. Rostral plate without apical spine ...... A single species: Manningia amabilis Holthuis, 1967 References: Chhapgar and Sane, 1968 as M pilaensis (de Man, 1887); Tirmizi and Manning, 1968. Reference to change: Manning, 1990

e d

Fig. 25. Manningia amabilis Holthuis, 1967: a. dorsal view; b. lateral processes of thoracic somites 5-8; c. raptorial claw; d. telson; e. uropod (after Holthuis, 1967). 152 PakistanJournalofMarine Sciences, Vol.3(2), 1994

- Dactylus of raptorial claw with 7 teeth. Basal prolongation of uropod unarmed on inner margin ...... A single species: Eurysquilla sewelli (Chopra, 1939) References: Chopra, 1939 as Lysiosquilla sewelli Reference to change: Manning, 1963

c Fig. 26. Eurysquilla sewelli (Chopra, 1939): a. carapace and exposed thoracic somites; b. raptorial claw; c. two abd. somites and telson (after Chopra 1939 as Lysiosquilla sewelli).

24. Articulation of segments of uropodal exopod subterminal, proximal segment projecting posteriorly beyond articulation...... Family Gonodactylidae Giestbrecht, 1910 ...... 2 6 - Articulation of segments of uropodal exopod terminal; proximal segment not projecting posteriorly beyond articulation ...... : ...... Family Protosquillidae Manning, 1980 Tirmizi eta!.: Key to the northern Arabian Sea Malacostraca 15 3

Rostrum trispinous. Cornea subglobular. Posterior margin of telson divided into 2 halves by a narrow median fissure with anterior edges appressed, with 3 or 4 pairs of marginal teeth ...... A single genus: Haptosquilla Manning, 1969 ...... 25

25. Dorsal bosses oftelson not extending posteriorly past mid length, posterior margin oftelson with 4 pairs ofteeth...... *H. pulchella (Miers, 1880) References: Tirmizi, 1966, as Protosquilla pulchella Miers, 1880.

a d e~

'Fig.27. Haptosquilla pulche/la (Miers, 1880): a. dorsal view (TL. 40 mm); b. eye; c. raptorial claw; d. telson and uropod; e. uropod (afterTirmizi and Kazmi, 1981 ). 154 Pakistan Journal of Marine Sciences, Vol.3(2), 1994

Dorsal bosses of telson extending almost to posterior margin; posterior margin of telson with 3 pairs of teeth ...... *H. Ienzi (Holthuis, 1941) References: Tirmizi, 1966 as Protosquilla Ienzi Holthuis, 1941

c d

Fig.28. Haptosquilla Ienzi (Holthuis, 1941): a. dorsal view (TL.33 mm); b. eyes and ophthalmic scales;. c. carapace and rostrum; d. raptorial claw; e. last abd. somite, telson.and uropod (after Tirmizi and Kazmi, 1981). Tirmizi eta!.: Key to the northern Arabian Sea Malacostraca 155

26. Anterior margins of lateral plates of carapace convex, extending well anterior to base of rostral plate ...... 27 - Anterior margins of lateral plates of carapace straight or slightly concave, no! extending anteriorly past base of rostral plate. Dorsal spines of telson with fleshy apices. Uropodal endopod with erect dorsal spines ...... A single species: Echinosquillaguerinii (White, 1861). References: Duris, 1987

Fig. 29. Echinosquilla guerinii (Wh!te, 1861): a. dorsal view (from Manning, 1969a); b. anteriorregion; c. raptorial claw; d.lastabd. somites, telsonanduropods; e. uropod, ventral view (after Miyake and Hashiguchi, 1966). 1.56 Pakistan Journal of Marine Sciences, Vol.3(2), 1994

27. Rostral plate not trispinous, anterolateral angles rounded or acute but not spiniform. Gonodactylus Berthold, 1827 ...... 28 Rostral plate sharply trispinous. Distal most spines on outer margin of proximal segment of uropodal exopod enlarged, strongly recurved. Me,•mcturoides Manning, 1978 ...... 3 .5 28. Median area of telson with .5 longitudinal carinae. Basal prolongation of uropod with lobe between apical spines. Sixth abd. somite with median carinule ...... G.falcatu,\' (Forskal, 1775) References: Chhapgar and Sane, 1968

a c

Fig.30. Gonodactyius falcatus (Forskal, 177.5). a. rostrum and ocular scales; b. last abd. somite and telson; c. basal prolongation of uropod (after Manning, 1978a).

Median area of telson with 3 longitudinal carinae. Basal prolongation ot uropod lacking lobe between apical spines. Sixth abd. somite lacking median cerinule ...... 29 Tirmizi eta!.: Key to the northern Arabian Sea Malacostraca 157

29. Ocular scales broad, almost as wide as rostral plate, dorsally flattened ...... 30 - Ocular scales small, triangular width less than 1/3 rostral plate. Carinae of telson variously inflated. Marginal teeth blunt. Lateral teeth of telson pres.ent...... ,; ...... G. ·viridis Serene, 1954 Reference: Ghosh, 1990

Fig.31. Gonodac.tylus viridis.Serene, 1954: a, rostral plate and ocular scales; b, sixth abd. somite, telson, and ur-opod (after Manning, 1978c).

- . ucwar scrues narrow, slender, abo:ut as w1de as rostral spine ...... ;...... 31 30. Lateral matginS of rostral plate subparallel, anterolateral angles rounded ...... 34 158 Pakistan Journal of Marine Sciences, Vol.3(2), 1994

- Lateral margin of rostral plate divergent, anterolateral angles sharp ...... ; ...... *G. ·smithii Pocock, 1893. References: Tirmizi and Manning, 1968; Ghosh, 1990 as G. arabica Reference to change: RBM

c a

Fig. 32. Gonodactylus smithii Pocock, 1893: a. dorsal view (TL. 67.5 mm); b. rostrum. c. telson and uropod; d. uropod (after Tirmizi and Kazmi, 1981). Tirmi7-i eta/.: Key to the northern Arabian Sea Malacostraca 159

31. Dorsal sulface oftclson lacking spinules ...... 32 Dorsal surface oftelson ornamented with spinules ...... 33 32. Distal segment ofuropodal exopod lacking distal ventral spine ...... G. choprai Manning 1967. References: Chopra 1939 as G. demani var. ?espinosus Reference to change: Manning, 1990.

Fig. 33. Gonodacty/us choprai Manning 1967: a. rostral plate; b. "last abd. somite, telson and uropod; c. uropod (after Manning, 1967b). 160 Pakistan Journal ofMaiine Sciences, Vol.3(2), 1994

Distal segment ofuropodal exopod with distal ventral spines ...... G. incipiens Lanchester, 1903. References: Chopra, 1939 as G. demanii var: ? espinosus Reference to change: Manning, 1990

Fig.34. Gonodactylus incipiens Lanchester, 1903: a. rostral plate and ocular scales; b. claw (after Caldwell and Dingle, 1975); c. last abd. somite, telson and uropod; c'. submedianteethoftelson(afterManning, 1967b); d .. uropod (after Manning, 1991). · Tirmizi eta/.: Key to the northern Arabian Sea Malacostraca 161

3 3. Inner margin of uropodal endopod largely lacking setae, few setae present basally, inner margin of endopod smooth ...... *G. demanii Henderson, 1893. References: Tirmizi and Manning, 1968 Reference to change: Manning, 1990

b c

Fig.35. Gonodacty/us demanii Henderson, 1893: a. front (after Ingle, 1963); b. last abd. somite, telson anduropod; c. uropod (after. Manning, 1967b). 162 Pakistan Journal of Marine Sciences, Vol.3(2), 1994

Inner margin of uropodal endopod completely lined with setae ...... *G. lanchesteri Manning, 1967 References: Kemp, 1913 as G. spinosus; Tirmizi and Manning, 1968 Reference to change: Manning, 1990

b a

Fig. 36. Gonodactylus lanchesteri Manning, 1967: a. dorsal view (TL.30 mm); b. anterior part of body; c. telson and uropod (after Tirmizi and Kaz1:1:1;i, 1981). Tirmizi et al.: Key to the northern Arabian Sea Malacostraca 163

34. Telson with accessory median carinae, apices of carinae with small spines. marginal teeth blunt ...... G. ajfinis de Man, 1902. Reference: Manning, 1978c

Fig.37. Gonodactylus aj]inis de Man, 1902: a. lateral processes of thoracic somites 6-8; b. last abd. somite, telson and uropod (after Manning, 1978c); c. uropod (from Manning, 1968a as G. segregatus ). 164 Pakistan Journal of Marine Sciences, Vol.3(2), 1994

No accessory median carinae ...... 35 3 5. Carinae of telson inflated, marginal teeth blunt. Lateral teeth of te1son present ...... *G. botti Manning, 1975. References: Tirmizi and Manning, 1968 as G. chiragra (Fabricius, 1781) Reference to change : Manning, 1990

b a

,.., ...... --...... :, : i ~

Fig. 38. Gonodactylus botti Manning, 1975: a. dorsal view (TL. 53 mm); b, anterior part ot' carapace and rostrum; c. claw (distal part); d. telson and uropod (after Tirmizi and Kaz.mi, 1981). Tirrnizi et al.: Key to the northern Arabian Sea Malacostraca 165

- Carinae of te1son slender. Marginal teeth sharp. Lateral teeth absent...... G. platysoma (Wood-Mason, 1895) Reference: Ghosh, 1990

b a

Fig.39. Gonodactylus p/atysoma (Wood-Mason, 1895): a. dorsal view (after Kemp, 1913); b. rostral plate and ocular scales (after Ghosh, 1990); c. last abd. somite and. telson (after Dingle eta/;, 1977). 166 Pakistan Journal ofMarine Sciences; Vol.3(2), 1994

36. Numerous intermediate denticles present on telson...... _...... *M. fimbriatus _(Lenz, 1905) References: Tirmizi and Kazmi, 1980 as Mesacturoides raymondi R.eference to change: Manning, 1990

e d

Fig.- 40. Mesacturoides fimbriatus (Lenz, 1905): a. dorsal view (TL. 31.5 mm); b. anterior part of body; c. raptorial claw; d. la.;t abd. somite, telson and uropod; e. uropod (after Tirmizi and Kazmi, 1980). Tirmizi eta!.: Key to the northern Arabian Sea Malacostraca 167

Intermediate margins of submedian and intermediate teeth each with one denticle ...... M. brevisquamatus (Paulson, 1875) References: Hogarth, 1989 as Mesacturus brevisquamatus (Paulson, 1875)

b c

Fig. 41. Mesacturoides brevisquamatus (Paulson, 187 5): a. anterior part ofbody; b. last abd. somites and telson (from Kemp, 1913); c. uropod (a,c after Ingle, 1963).

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The work was financed initially through Pakistan Science Foundation through project No.PSF/S-KU/BIO.{l67) and .in the final stages· through Office of Naval Research (USA) Project No.00014-86-G-0229. 168 Pakistan Journal of Marine Sciences, Vol.3(2), 1994

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(Received: 24 January 1994)