Message from the Chairman

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MATERIALS MATTER A BIANNUAL E-NEWSLETTER OF IIM KALPAKKAM CHAPTER

Volume 6, Issue 1, 2016 Message from the Chairman

Warm greetings to all the members of IIM Kalpakkam Chapter. The current newsletter edited by young members – Shri. V. D. Vijayanand and Shri. Chanchal Ghosh who have joined the EC since May 2016- brings about several interesting news to us. It is heartening to observe that the activities have sprung up with a series of lectures which were well attended as well. Our members have won laurels during NMD–ATM during November 2015. On behalf of IIM KC, I congratulate Dr. A.K. Bhaduri on his taking the esteemed position of Director, IGCAR. I join all of you in congratulating Dr. B P C Rao, Shri. C.N.Venkiteswaran and Dr. Rani George who were elected as IIM Fellows. The EC continues to strive hard to make more activities organised in the year ahead, thanks to the excellent continued motivation received from Dr. A K Bhaduri, Director, IGCAR. I hope the issue will serve as a window through which the complete profile of the Chap- ter’s activities, achievements and progress made during the last year can be viewed and would bring a happy read- ing experience. Best wishes to all of you!

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Congratulations...

Dr. Arun Kumar Bhaduri, Distinguished Scientist and Fellow-IIM assumed the charge of Director, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam since July 2016. Hearty congratulations to him. We expect his continuous support, guidance and encouragement to accomplish the activities of this chapter in the coming years.

Inside this issue:

IIM-KC Chairman’s Views 01 WREST-2016 16

Prof. Brahm Prakash Memorial Materials Quiz & Elocu- 03 List of Technical Lectures tion 17 PRML-2015 07 Awards & Honours 19 NMD-ATM-2015 09 Membership form 22

CF-7 Conference 11 Contact IIM Kalpakkam Chapter 24

Technical Article 12 Editorial 24

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Prof. Brahm Prakash Memorial Materials Quiz & Elocution Contest (BPMMQ-2015), 18-19 September 2015

The Prof. Brahm Prakash Memorial Materials Quiz and Elocution Contest 2015 was held at the Conven- tion Centre, Anupuram, on September 19, 2015. Total of 42 teams comprising of 84 students of class XI and XII participated in the programme. From all over India, 23 chapters of Indian Institute of Metals have supported the participation of their teams in the quiz programme. The morning session began with a welcome address by Dr. Rani George, Vice Chairman, IIM, Kalpakkam chapter. Following this, Dr. P.Parameswaran, Chairman, IIM Kalpakkam Chapter introduced the Chief Guest, Dr. S.Venugopal, Di- rector, Metallurgy & Materials Group, IGCAR, Kalpakkam to the participants of BPMMQ-2015. Dr. S. Venugopal, in his speech, recollected the contributions of Prof Brahm Prakash to the country and in par- ticular to the department of atomic energy and space. Specifically, he recalled the excellent administra- tive and organizational abilities of Prof Brahm Prakash which were instrumental in establishing Nuclear Fuel Complex at Hyderabad and inspired the youth to emulate these unique qualities in taking our nation forward. Following the address, the preliminary rounds were conducted in six parallel sessions and the winner and the runners-up teams from each session were chosen for the semi-finals which were conducted in two parallel sessions. Subsequently, three best teams from each of the semi-final round were chosen for the Grand finale. The six teams representing the chapters- Chennai, Delhi, Durgapur, Trichy, Trivandrum, and Varanasi – contested very well in the finale, which was conducted by Dr. Sumanth C. Raman, a renowned and popular quiz master who conducts regular quiz programmes on Doordarshan. Dr. Sumanth conducted the Grand finale quiz with lot of interaction with the participants and the audience, making it very exciting and interesting. His charismatic interaction pinned down the audience to their seats with total attention. All the participants thoroughly enjoyed the programme, thanks to Dr. Su- manth’s unique style. In a closely competed finale, the team from Trichy comprising of Masters T. Athian Kethrapal and V. Harish Sidharth of Shri. Jayendra Swamigal Silver Jubilee Matric HSS, Tirunelveli won the finals and the team from Trivandrum comprising of Masters Afeef Rahman and Alen Jose Joseph of St. Antony Public School, Kottayam emerged the runners up. Both the winners and runners were presented trophy and certificates of merit by Dr.S.A.V. Satya Murty, Director, IGCAR. In his presidential address, he congratulated all the students who participated in this event and he impressed upon the students to have patience to learn basic concepts of science which will give them confidence to achieve larger goals in the future. He told even in the ITfield, the breakthrough boils down to advancement in materials only. O.P. Jindal Award for the quiz, carrying total cash prize of Rupees twenty five thousand was divided as Rupees fifteen thousand for the winners and Rupees ten thousands for the runners up teams. The winners and runners of the quiz event were also invited to receive their awards during the NATIONAL MET- ALLURGIST DAY celebration on November 14, 2015 at Coimbatore. Prof. Brahm Prakash Memorial Lecture was delivered by Dr.R.N.Patra, CMD, IREL on ―Strategic and Rare Metals‖. He spoke about materials development which meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of the future generation to meet their own needs, thus emphasizing enhanced efficiency in utilizing natural resources – by reducing consumption, adopting recycle and replacement wherever possible. He laid stress upon developing eco-efficient practices tools and technologies accept- able to the society which also should be economically viable and environmental friendly in nature. The essay cum elocution contest organized as part of the programme as usual drew enthusias- tic participation from students. Participants of the quiz were given a choice to write their essay with 2000 words from one of the three topics: i) Plasmonic Meta Materials (PMM) ii) Cellular ceramics (CC)

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iii) Magnetic Refrigerator Materials (MRM) In total, 20 entries were received (PMM: 8; CC: 9; and MRM: 8) of which the best six selected were as follows: Master Sanskar Sahoo (PMM), Delhi Public School, Damanjodi, Abhijeet Singh (CC), O. P. Jindal School, Raigarh (CG), Amritansh Singhal (MRM), O. P. Jindal School, Raigarh (CG), Anurag Mondal (MRM), DPS Nalconagar, Angul, Sachidananda Mishra (CC), DAV Public School, Jaganath Area, Dera, Angul, K.S. Swaparjith (PMM), Kendriya vidyalaya-2, Kalpakkam. The selected participants made oral presentations for 10 minutes in presence of juries comprising of Dr. B.V.R. Tata, Dr. K. Laha and Dr. S. Rangarajan. It was un- doubtedly a splendid rendering of their verbal skills. The brilliance of the students not only in the topics cov- ered in their speech but also in their replies to the queries were greatly appreciated by the audience and the invitees. The winner was Master Anurag Mondal, DPS Nalconagar, Angul. Master Sachidanada Mishra, DAV Public School, Angul and K.S. Swaparjith, KV2 Kalpakkam were declared the joint runners. The winner and runner of the essay cum elocution contest received the cash prize award (Rs. 15,000/- for winners and Rs. 10,000/- for runners) along with a trophy and certificate from the Chief guest, Dr. R.N. Patra. A Souvenir was brought out to mark this event which contained edited versions of selected six essays sent by the participants of the quiz. Another interesting feature of this year’s quiz programme was a Metal Camp which included visits to Madras Atomic Power Station at Kalpakkam, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research and Bharatiya Nab- hikiya Vidyut Nigam (BHAVINI) on September 18, 2015. During their visit to IGCAR, Dr. P. Parameswaran, Chairman, IIM Kalpakkam Chapter welcomed the participants and their escorts. Dr. M. Vijayalakshmi, Associ- ate Director, PMG, IGCAR delivered an inspiring address narrating the importance of materials for nuclear program of our nation. IIM, Kalpakkam thank the Indian Institute of Metals, Kolkata. Department of Atomic En- ergy, Govt. of India; Jindal South West Steel, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam; Indian Rare Earths Ltd.; place MIDHANI for the sponsorship. In addition, financial support was received from several well-wishers and promoters of science, which include M/s. Anton Paar India Ltd., International Advanced Re- search Centre (ARCI), Hyderabad; Indian Institute of Welding, Chennai; The ILE Co, Chennai; Tata Steel,; Madras Atomic Power Station, BHAVINI, BARCF, Kalpakkam, SIMCO Global Technologies, Bangalore, Man- sha Vacuum, Bangalore, Nesara Instruments & Services, Metallic Bellows, Eltel Shielding and Enclosures, AE Design Services, ICON Analytical Equipments Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai, SAIL, Mumbai. Vote of thanks was proposed by Dr. AnitaToppo, co-convener, BPMMQ-2015 and Secretary, IIM, Kalpakkam chapter.

Memorable photos from BPMMQ-2015

Dr. S. Venugopal, Director, MMG, IGCAR, addressing the participants at the start of the event

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Dr.R.N.Patra, CMD, IREL, Mumbai addressing the participants by delivering Prof Brahm Prakash Memorial Lecture.

Dr. S.A.V. Satya Murty, Director, IGCAR giving the O.P. Jindal awards for BPMMQ 2015 winners.

Winners and Runners of BPMMQ-2015 and Elocution contest with the Chief guest, Dr R. N. Patra, CMD, IRE.Ltd, Dr. S A V Satya Murty, Director, IGCAR and organizing members.

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Dr.C. Sumanth Raman, Quiz master of BPMMQ-2015 Grand Finale

Dr. M. Vijayalakshmi, Associate Direc- tor, PMG, IGCAR addressing the participants during the metal camp on Septem- ber 18th, 2015

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Dr.Placid Rodriguez Memorial Lecture (PRML)- 2015

Dr. Placid Rodriguez (1940-2008), a renowned metallurgist and eminent scientist and technologist, had sig- nificantly contributed to the advancement of science and technology in our country by (i) establishing the vibrant field of nuclear metallurgy, (ii) leading the country to fast breeder technology, (iii) developing human resources for DRDO, and (iv) teaching and nurturing young students and researchers at IIT, Madras and NITs. Dr.Placid Rodriguez played a very decisive role in shaping the activities of The Indian Institute of Metals, at the national level. The Indian Institute of Metals has instituted ―Dr.Placid Rodriguez Memorial Lecture‖ in memory of Dr.Placid Rodriguez, to perpetuate his significant contributions to science and technology by organizing a memorial lecture every year. This idea has been instantly welcomed and sponsored by DRDO and BRNS. Kalpakkam and Chennai chapters of IIM have organized the memorial lecture every year, as a mark of respect to Dr.Placid Rodriguez. Dr.Placid Rodriguez Memorial Lecture Series was first inaugurated by Dr.Baldev Raj, President (Research), PSG Institutions, Coimbatore on November 26, 2009 at Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam. Since then, eminent metallurgists like Prof. Atul Chokshi, IISc., Bangalore, Professor Seeram Ramakrishna, National Uni- versity of Singapore, Dr. S.Srikanth, Director, National Metallurgical Lab., Prof. B.S.Murty, IIT, Madras, Prof. Indranil Manna, IIT Kanpur, and Dr. Amol A. Gokhale DMRL, Hyderabad, have delivered Dr. Placid Rodriguez Memorial Lec- ture. The Seventh Placid Rodriguez Memorial Lecture was organised on October 5, 2015 at Sarabhai Audito- rium, IGCAR Kalpakkam. Dr. U. Kamachi Mudali, Member, PRML Committee, Outstanding Scientist and Associate Director, Corrosion Science & Technology Group, and Materials, Process & Equipment Development Group, IGCAR, warmly welcomed the gathering Prof. M. Kamaraj, Member, PRML Committee, Head, Dept. of Metallurgical and Ma- terials Engineering, IIT Madras, briefly dwelt upon the genesis of Dr. Placid Rodriguez Memorial lecture and the de- tails of the series of lectures conducted since 2009. Dr. S.A.V. Satya Murty, Distinguished Scientist & Director, IG- CAR, the chief guest of the function, recalled his association and valuable contributions of Dr. Placid Rodriguez for IGCAR and expressed his happiness to be part of the event. Dr. G.K. Dey, Distinguished Scientist & Associate Director, Materials group, BARC, Mumbai was invited to deliver ―Placid Rodriguez Memorial Lecture-2015‖ on ―Development of Alloys for Application in the Nuclear Energy Sector: Some New Perspectives‖. Dr. S. Venugopal, Outstanding Scientist & Director, Metallurgy and Materials Group, IGCAR introduced the PRML 2015 speaker Dr. G.K. Dey, currently the Associate Director of Materials Group, BARC, Mumbai. Dr. Dey is well known for his excellent contributions in Phase Transformation in Zirconium and Nickel Base Alloys, Amorphous Alloys, Rapidly Solidified Crystalline and Quasicrystalline Alloys, Electron Microscopy and defect Characterization and High Resolution Electron Microscopy. Dr. G.K. Dey has won several awards and to name a few prestigious ones: MRSI Medal given by Materials Research Society of India (2001), Metallurgist of the year award by Ministry of Steel (2003), the Vasvik Award (2006), the G D Birla Gold Medal of Indian Institute of Met- als (2011), and the Distinguished Alumnus Award of IIT BHU. He is also a Fellow of many prestigious professional organizations. Dr. G.K. Dey explained that uninterrupted operation of nuclear reactors is highly dependent on the performance of the structural materials which have to perform under severe service environments. In this respect any alloy which could be considered for structural application in a nuclear reactor has to have high corrosion resistance, ade- quate mechanical strength at elevated temperatures, and should withstand deleterious irradiation effects. Dr. Dey emphasized the importance of optimization of the desired properties for the chosen alloy which requires control of the microstructure that depends on manufacturing processes. He explained three categories of alloy development strate- gies as (i) replacement of commercially imported alloys with indigenous alloys having similar or better properties, (ii) development of new alloys using empirical approach, and (iii) development of new alloys using ab-initio approach. Dr. Dey’s presentation elucidated many examples in the case of recent indigenous development of Zr based alloys,

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Nb based alloys, steels and nickel based alloys. He also highlighted structure -property correlations, effects of neutron irradiation and simulated ion irradiation in these alloys. Dr.Dey emphasized that considerable efforts are needed in attaining the capability of alloy development by ab-inito approach. The lecture was very well received by the 300-350 scientists and young research scholars who had participated in the event. Dr. S.A.V. Satya Murthy presented the PRML memento, to Dr. G.K. Dey and he also released the PRML 2015 booklet containing the lecture delivered by Dr. Dey on the occasion. The programme ended with a vote of thanks from Dr. Rani P. George, Convener, PRML 2015 and Vice - Chairman of The Indian Institute of Metals, Kalpakkam Chapter.

Dr. G.K. Dey, Associate Director, Materials Group, BARC delivering Placid Rodriguez Memorial Lecture 2015 at IGCAR, Kalpakkam on October 5, 2015

Dignitaries on the dais with PRML 2015 lecture notes released by Dr. S.A.V. Satya Murthy, Director, IGCAR.

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NMD-ATM, 2015

During Nov.12-16, 2015, IIM Kalpakkam Chapter along with IIM, Coimbatore, Trichy, Salem and Chennai Chapters organised the NMD-ATM event in a grand manner. Our chapter shared the responsibility in a meticulous and systematic way thus making the event proceed in a smooth manner. Dr.U.Kamachi Mudali, took initiative as technical convener for metal sciences and contributed in complete receipt, acceptance and schedule of papers to different categories of sessions. He further being the co-chairman of Chapter-Relations – Committee (CRC) took efforts to hold the Chapters’ conclave during the NMD period. Chair- man, IIM-KC participated presented our chapter’s achievements in the year thus far and also informed about the events ahead. Dr.A K Bhaduri took active participation as chairman of one of the sessions of NMD-ATM while Dr. Kamachi Mudali presented an invited lecture during the corrosion session. Among the awardees, it is a pride that our members – Dr. B P C Rao, Shri. C.N.Venkiteswaran and Dr. Rani George received IIM Fellow membership awards. Participating in the ATM, our members- Dr.S.Ningshein, Shri. V. D. Vijayanand, Dr.T.Karthikeyan, Dr.Shaju K. Albert and Dr.Joysurya Basu made their excellent presentations. Our Chapter contributed in seeking advertisements and stalls for NMD-ATM thus add- ing to the financial requirement of the organisation.

Few glimpses from the event….

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Some more snaps…..

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7th International Conference on Creep, Fatigue & Creep-Fatigue Interaction (CF-7)

The 7th International Conference on Creep, Fatigue and Creep-Fatigue Interaction (CF-7) was organized by IGCAR jointly with Indian Institute of Metals, Kalpakkam Chapter at IGCAR during January 19-22, 2016. The conference was sponsored by the Board of Research in Nu- clear Sciences and co-sponsored by the Society of Materials Science Japan, the Korean Insti- tute of Metals and Materials, the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers and the Korean So- ciety of Mechanical Engineers. Dr. S.A.V. Satya Murty, Distinguished Scientist and Director, IGCAR inaugurated the conference. Prof. John Hald of the Technical University of Denmark delivered the keynote lecture on ―Prospects for martensitic 12% Cr steels for advanced steam power plants‖ as part of the inaugural function. 43 invited lectures were given by eminent ex- perts (16 from India and 27 from abroad) in the areas of creep, fatigue, creep fatigue interaction, modeling and simulation, creep and fatigue crack growth, high temperature design and life prediction. 186 contributory papers were also presented. About 300 delegates including 42 overseas delegates from 12 countries attended the conference.

The technical programme was structured into four plenary and twenty eight parallel sessions. There were separate sessions on topics such as creep and fatigue deformation and damage, modeling and simulation, creep-fatigue interaction, thermal and thermo-mechanical fatigue, multi-axial creep/fatigue, design, life prediction, oxide dispersion strengthened materials and materials for advanced ultra supercritical power plants. In addition, two poster sessions were held on the second and the third day of the conference, one of which was exclusively dedi- cated to students. Two best posters in both the general and the students category were given awards. Overall, 95 academic and research institutions working in different areas related to creep, fatigue and creep-fatigue interaction participated in CF-7.

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Article Phase Stability and Phase Transformation Kinetics Studies in Uranium rich U-Zr Alloys using Calorimetry and Microscopy Techniques Arun Kumar Rai, Microscopy and Thermo Physical Property Division, IGCAR, Kalpakkam

With the revival of interest in nuclear power program, it has become necessary to develop the required knowledge base on advanced structural and fuel materials for enabling the knowledge driven pursuit to component design, fabrication and performance testing of advanced generation IV reactor concepts [1- 6]. In India, the emerging interest on metal fuelled and liquid metal cooled fast reactors has ushered in a spurt of research activities on diverse fronts related to materials processing and spent fuel reprocessing technologies [6]. As an integral part of this technology development initiative, it has been decided to in- vestigate the physical metallurgy of some of the relevant uranium based metallic systems which are identified as potential fuel candidates. It is well known that the optimal choice of fuel depends on a host of factors such as, high temperature in-pile stability, irradiation induced swelling and elemental redistri- bution characteristics, thermal expansion and thermal conductivity behavior, compatibility with clad and coolant etc. [1-14]. Among many probable metal based nuclear fuels, the U-20 wt.%Pu-10wt.%Zr ternary combination is touted as one of the potential materials, owing to its certain intrinsic merits that in- cludes, the high fissile atom density, short doubling time and enhanced breeding gain, good compatibility with steel clad and liquid metal coolant [1-6]. However, the fuel present inside the core of the reactor is bound to experience numerous thermal transients under temperature gradient and hence phase change cycles, therefore a study of phase stability and phase transformation are of utmost importance in accessing fuel performance [1-6]. In this regard, reliable experimental data on basic thermodynamic and kinetic quantities of different phases as a function of temperature and composition are required on all three binaries that constitute the ternary U-Pu-Zr metal fuel, namely U-Zr, U-Pu and Pu-Zr. Among these binaries, a study on high temperature phase stability and phase transformation kinetics in U-Zr alloys as a function of thermal history and Zr content are important in understanding of actual behavior of fuel during service condition [7-14]. The phase transformation in U-Zr based alloys have attracted considerable attention for a long period because the transformation sequence involve many stable and metastable phases that form during cooling from high temperature phase [8-13]. In U-Zr system, the broad phase diagram features have been established fairly [14], however finer aspects related to various phase transformation thermo-kinetics data base still remain to be established beyond doubt. In this context, a systematic characterization of phase stability and phase transformation kinetics in U and U-Zr with Zr content varying between 2 to 10 wt. % have been carried out in the present study using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and microscopic techniques.

Before proceeding further a brief account of phase equilibira of U-Zr system is given as follow. As per the recently accessed phase diagram of U-Zr system, the U-Zr binary is characterized by the presence of five phases. They are: α-U (orthorhombic), β-U (tetragonal), γ - (U, Zr) (bcc), α-Zr (hcp) and δ-UZr2 (AlB2-w type structure) is an intermetallic compound. Further, for alloys having a Zr content between 5 to 22 wt.% Zr, the high temperature γ phase exhibits a phase separation into two bcc phases, o namely γ1 (rich in uranium) and γ2 (rich in Zr), below about 1023 K(750 C). In the present study using DSC the effect of heating/cooling rates and Zr content on the phase transformation sequence in U-0, 2, 5&10 wt.% Zr alloys has been monitored. Using DSC, the complete phase transformation sequence up to melting have been measured at slowest heating rate of 3 K min-1 for U, U-2, 5 & 10 wt.% Zr alloys. A typical DSC thermo-gram for U-2wt%. Zr is given in Fig. 1. In the case of uranium the following solid state phase transformation sequence is observed: α→β→γ during heating cycle. On the other hand, in the case of U-2wt.% Zr alloy, the transformation sequence is: α(α’-distorted orthorhombic)+ δ-UZr2 → α+γ2 → β+γ2 → β+γ1 → γ. For alloys of 5 and 10 wt.% Zr content, the additional presence of a miscibility gap (γ1 U rich bcc + γ2 Zr rich bcc) in the high temperature γ(bcc) phase region resulted in the following transformation sequence: α(α’)+δ UZr2 → α +γ2 → β+ γ2 → γ1+γ2 →γ. Further, it has been demonstrated

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Fig.1. DSC thermogram obtained for U- 2wt.% Zr alloy at 10 K min-1. An expanded view of the first composite endothermic thermal arrest arising due to the co- occurrence of martensitic relaxation and δ-UZr2 dissolution is also shown. that in the case of U-2, 5 & 10 wt.% Zr alloys, depending on the nature of starting microstructure, namely whether it is α ’ - martensite, α eq+ δ - U Z r 2 , o r a m i x o f α’+αeq+δ-UZr2 phases, the relative extents of two possible co-occurring transformation modes (α’- martensite relaxation and dissolution of δ-UZr2) differs. It has been noticed that the co-occurrence of these two events gives rise to a composite thermal arrest in the normal on-heating DSC profile and corre- sponding result is shown in Fig. 2. In addition, the decomposition of high temperature γ(bcc) phase as a function of cooling rate and Zr-content has been studied using DSC and metallography. It has been observed that it is not possible to obtain 100% of αeq phase along with equilibrium amount of δ-UZr2, if the cooling rate is more than 0.1 K min-1. The cooling rate from high temperature g(bcc) is found have a strong influence on microstructure evolution as well. Further, the continuous heating and cooling transformation diagrams have also been obtained for U-2, 5 & 10 wt.% Zr alloys in the present study. A typical CCT diagram for U-2wt.%Zr alloy is shown in Fig. 3. From CCT diagram it has been observed that critical cooling rate for γ → α’ direct displacive transformation is found to decrease with increasing Zr content For U-2, 5, and 10 wt.% Zr alloys, it is found to be of the order of, 60, 20, 10 K min - 1 .

Additionally, the kinetic aspects of α→β and β→γ transformations that occurs on heating have been modelled using Kolmogorov-Johnson-Mehl-Avrami (KJMA) formalism. The experimental fraction of transformation data for α→β phase change in U-2wt.% Zr alloy have been fitted using KJMA model by means of a standard non-linear optimization routine. The fit along with the experimental Xb(T) data are shown in Fig. 4. The figure shows that both experimental data and the KJMA model fit are in good agree- ment. It has been observed that in the case of uranium, the transformation kinetics is interface controlled, however, in the case of U-2, 5 & 10 wt.% Zr alloys, the kinetics is controlled by the diffusion of Zr in α’- orthorhombic phase. It has been observed that with increasing Zr content of alloy, the effective activation energy Qeff, is increasing. This is in line with the observation that solid state diffusion becomes progres- sively more sluggish with increasing Zr-content, which is one of the reasons, as to why γ→α’-displacive transformation is favored rather easily in high Zr containing U-Zr alloys.

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Fig.2. The on-heating DSC thermogram obtained on water quenched and

Fig 3. Continuous cooling transformation (CCT) diagram for U-2wt.%Zr alloy

In summary it may be stated that in the present study the complete sequence of various transformations that occur during heating and cooling cycles in U-2, 5 & 10 wt. Zr alloys has been established beyond doubt. The presence of UZr2 phase even in dilute U-Zr alloys has been unambiguously confirmed. Further, the co-occurrence of martensitic relaxation and δ-UZr2 dissolution in U-2, 5 & 10 wt. Zr alloys has been clearly observed if the initial microstructure has martensitic α’ phase using a combination of DSC and metallography.

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Fig. 4. Phase fraction versus temperature data obtained for α→β on-heating transformation in U-2wt.%Zr alloy. The KJMA model fit is shown as continuous line, passing through experimental data points, shown as filled circles.

In addition, the effect of cooling rate and Zr content on the decomposition of high temperature γ phase has been studied. It has been observed that depending on Zr content and cooling rate, the decomposition of γ phase may adopt either diffusional or martesitic mode of transformation.

References

1. P. E. Potter, J. Nucl. Mater., 2009, vol. 389, pp. 29-44. 2. D. E. Burkes, R. S. Fielding, D. L. Porter, D. C. Crawford and M. K. Meyer, J. Nucl. Mater., 2009, vol. 389, pp. 458-469. 3. W. J. Carmack, D. L. Porter, Y. I. Chang, S. L. Hayes, M. K. Meyer, D. E. Burkes, C. B. Lee, T. Mizuno, F. Delage and J. Somers, J. Nucl. Mater., 2009, vol. 392, pp. 139-150. 4. D. E. Burkes, R. S. Fielding and D. L. Porter, J. Nucl. Mater., 2009, vol. 392, pp. 158-163. 5. C. R. F. Azevedo, Eng. Failure Analysis, 2011, vol. 18, pp. 1943-1962. 6. A. Riyas, P. Mohanakrishnan, Ann. Nucl. Energ., 2008, vol. 35, pp. 87-92. 7. G. L. Hofman, L. C. Walters and T. H. Bauer, Progr. Nucl. Energy, 1997, vol. 31 pp. 83-110. 8. R. A. Vandermeer, Proceedings of the Third Army Materials Technology Conference held at Vall, Colorado, USA, February 1974, p. 259. 9. H. H. Chiswik, A. E. Dwight, L. T. Lloyd, M. V. Nevitt and S. T. Zegler, Proceedings of the Second United Nations Inter- national Conference on Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy, June 1985, p. 1. 10. D. Blake and R.F. Hehemann, Proceedings of the Third Army Materials Technology Conference held at Vall, Colo- rado, USA, February 1974, p. 189. 11. J. Burke and P. H. Dixon, Symposium on Uranium & Graphite, London Inst. Of Metals, 1962 12. A. N. Holden, Physical Metallurgy of Uranium, Addison – Wesley Publishing Co. Inc. USA, 1958. 13. J. J. Burke, Physical Metallurgy of Uranium Alloys, Hill Publishing Co. Inc, USA, 1974. 14. Arun Kumar Rai, et. al. Metall. Mater. Trans., 46A (2015) 4986

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Inter-Chapter Event ‘Workshop on Recent Advances in Stainless steels (WREST 2016)

A one-day workshop was planned at Salem Steel Plant on March 18, 2016 as a part of the Inter-Chapter event. Presiding over the function, Shri. Raman, Executive Director, Salem Steel plant spoke on the importance of the inter-chapter events, recollecting the useful interaction he had with five of IIM chapters during the time of organising NMD-ATM 2015. The chief guest of the function, Dr. M.Vijayalskhmi, AD, PMG and Guest of honour, Dr.U KamachiMudali, AD, CSTG shared their views on the organisation of the event. The invited lectures on chosen topics were delivered by our senior members – Dr. M.Vijayalakshmi, Dr. U.Kamachi Mudali, Dr, K,Laha, Dr. P.Parameswaran, Shri. N.Raghu, which was well attended by members of Salem steel plant, students of Salem Engineering College and engineers of M/s Jindal Steel, Salem. A couple of young IIM Kalpakkam members also participated in the event. On the previous day afternoon, the members of IIM Kalpakkam also visited the Salem plant, witnessing the hot rolling mill operation. This was followed by a technical discussion amongst IIM members of Salem and our members on various metallurgical issues.

Few snapshots taken at the event…..

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List of Technical Lectures

Talk Presenter Title Date 1 Dr. Kunal Bose, AFM application expert, Scanning Probe Microscope (SPM/AFM)) - as a 2 June 15 Advenio tecnosys, Chandigarh tool of Nano science research– new applications and advancements

2 Dr. Subarna (Das) Mitra Synthesis and Study of Magnetic Oxide 23 July 15 Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Nano-particles and Composites Kolkata

3 Dr. K. S. Suresh, Assistant Professor, Control and Design of Interfaces in Engineering 24 Aug 15 School of Engineering Sciences and Materials Technology,University of Hyderabad

4 Dr. Shashank Shekhar, Assistant Pro- Severe Plastic Deformation using Machining and 16 Sept 15 fessor, Department of Materials Science Constrained- Groove Pressing and Engineering, IIT Kanpur

5 Dr. A. K Bhaduri, Associate Director, High temperature materials & associated tech- 2 Nov 15 MDTG, MMG, IGCAR nologies-Status

6 Dr. S. Murugesan, Dr. S Latha, Dr. Joy- ATM NMD 2015 Presentations 11 Nov 15 surya Basu, Dr. T Karthikeyan,Dr. S. Ningshen, Dr. A Ravi Shankar Anne, Dr. N L Parthasarathi, Shri. V D Vijayanand Shri.B, Aashranth, Shri. Santosh Kumar 7 Dr. J. Jayaraj, Dr. Ch Jagdeswara Rao, CORCON 2015 17 Nov 15 Shri. E Vetrivendan

8 S. Mahadevan, Dr. K V Rajkumar, NDE 2015 23 Nov 15 Dr. S Thirunavukkarasu, A Viswanath, M M Narayanan, K. Arunmuthu, Dr. W Sharatchandra Singh

9 Abhishek K Yadav, T.V. Prabhu, He- NWS 2015 4 Dec 15 mant Kumar, Dr. Gopa Chakraborty, H C Dey, V Ramasubbu, Dr. S K Albert and R. Ravikumar

10 Prof. S. Ramanathan, Professor, Dept. Application of Electrochemical Impedance Spec- 18 Jan 16 of Chem. Engg., IIT Madras troscopy

11 Shri. Saikat Acharya, Senior Scientist, Applications of Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar 2 Feb 16 Central Glass and Ceramic Research (SHPB) technique to evaluate dynamic mechani- Institute, Kolkata cal properties of structural materials

12 Dr. C. Sudha, PMG, MMG Calphad based modeling of additive manufactur- 16 Feb 16 ing of steel and superalloys 13 Prof. Masakazu Okazaki, Nagaoka Uni- Characteristics of Early Stage Creep Crack 18 Feb 16 versity of Technology, Department of Growth around cold spots Mechanical Engineering, Japan

VOLUME 6, ISSUE 1, 2016 Page 18

14 Dr. G. Varaprasad Reddy, Young scientist forum 29 Feb 16 High temperature fatigue behaviour of 316LN SS with varying nitrogen content

15 Dr. Arun K Rai, Young scientist forum 29 Feb 16 Calorimetric Characterization of Phase Stability and Phase Transformation Kinetics in Uranium rich U-Zr Alloys

16 Shri. Chanchal Ghosh, Young scientist forum 29 Feb 16 Studies of phase formation and microstructure evolution in V-Ti-Cr alloys by advanced trans- mission electron microscopy techniques

17 Prof. Ranjit Kumar Ray, Visiting Influence of CSL Boundaries during Deforma- 14 Mar 16 Professor, Materials & Metallurgical tion and annealing of an IF Steel Engineering, Indian Institute of Engineer- ing Science and Technol- ogy (IIEST), Shibpur 18 Dr. Swetha Gnaneshan, (Formerly) A first-principles study of elastic and diffusion 18 Mar 16 Pennsylvavia State Univer- properties of Mg based alloys sity, USA

19 Prof. Jyotsna Dutta Majumdar, Ultra-fast Laser Assisted Surface Processing 08 Apr 16 Department of Metallurgical & Ma- of Materials terials Engineering, IIT Kharagpur

20 Dr. R. Arvind Singh, Professor, Tribology from Macro- to Micro/Nano-Scales 11 Apr16 Dept of Aeronautical Engineering, Bannari Amman Institute of Tech- nology (BIT), Sathyamangalam, Tamil Nadu, India

VOLUME 6, ISSUE 1, 2016 Page 19

Awards & Honours for IIM-KC Members (since June 2015)

Dr. A.K. Bhaduri assumed the charge of Director, IGCAR since July 2016.

Dr. A.K. Bhaduri assumed post as Group Director of MMG since December 2015 . He was also awarded IIW-India Welding Ratna Award 2016

Dr. A.K. Bhaduri was Elected as Vice-Chairman, Commission – II of International Institute of Welding

Dr. U. Kamachi Mudali received the meritorious award from National Corrosion Council of India, CECRI, Karaikudi in February 2016

Dr. U. Kamachi Mudali Received Distinguished Faculty Award from Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai in August 2015

Dr. U. Kamachi Mudali is appointed by INAE as Chairman of Study Group on Indian Engineer- ing Heritage on Metallurgy of INAE

Dr. B. P. C. Rao has been conferred with International Recognition Award, by the Indian Soci- ety for NDT

Dr. R. Divakar has been conferred with the fellowship of the Electron Microscope Society of India (EMSI) on June 2016

Dr. Rani P. George received Shri. S.K. Seshadri Memorial Mascot National Award 2015 from The Electrochemical Society of India, during National Symposium on Electrochemical Science and Technology, NSEST 2015 July 24-25 (2015).

Dr. B.P.C Rao, Dr. Rani P. George and Shri C.N. Venkiteswaran have been elected as IIM Fellows by the Council of Indian Institute of Metals, 2015

Dr. Arun Kumar Rai received DAE Young Scientist Award-2014.

Shri. A. Viswanath received DAE Young Engineer Award-2014.

Shri Barid Baran Lahiri received DAE Young Applied Scientist / Technologist Award-2014

Dr. S. Thirunavukkarasu has been conferred with ISNT National NDT Award-2015 for NDT Systems Innovation and Development by Indian Society for Nondestructive Testing (ISNT).

Dr. Anish Kumar has been conferred with ISNT National NDT Award-2015 for Research and Development by Indian Society for Nondestructive Testing (ISNT).

Dr. S Ravi received Outstanding Doctorial thesis award (Ph.D.) from HBNI, Mumbai, Year 2015

Shri Aritra Sarkar awarded Outstanding M. Tech Thesis award from HBNI

Dr. J. Jayaraj received Corrosion Awareness Award 2015‖in the Category: Distinction in Cor- rosion Science & Technology in Research & Education‖ From: NACE International Gateway India Section At : CORCON 2015, Nov 19-21,2015. Chennai

VOLUME 6, ISSUE 1, 2016 Page 20

Best paper awards for IIM-KC Members (since June 2015)

U. Sudha, Vinita Vishwakarma, D. Ramachandran, R. P. George and U. Kamachi Mudali won Best paper award for ―Nanophase modified Fly ash concrete for better performance in sea water‖ in CORCON 2015, held on 19-21st November 2015 at Trade centre, Chennai, NACE International Gateway India Section (NIGIS).

K.R. Rasmi, S.C. Vanithakumari, R. P. George, C. Mallika and U. Kamachi Mudali, Best Young Scientist Forum Paper Award for "Long Term Evaluation of the Durability of Pt Nanoparticle Coated Titanium Electrode in Severe Corrosive Environment", International Corrosion Conference and Expo-CORCON 2015‖19-21st November,2015 at Chennai Trade Center.

U. Sudha, R. P. George, Vinita Vishwakarma, D. Ramachandran and U. Kamachi Mudali won Best paper award for the paper ―Investigations on strength, durability, anti-bacterial ac- tivity and anti-corrosion properties of nanophase modified fly ash concrete‖ in Corrosion Awareness Day (CAD 2016) , held on 8th April 2016, National Corrosion Council of India (NCCI) in collaboration with CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi and Kalasalingam University, Krishnankoil, Srivilliputhur.

Anita Toppo, M.G. Pujar, C. Mallika and U. Kamachi Mudali won the Best Paper Award for the paper Stress Corrosion Cracking Studies On AISI Type 316N Weld Metals After Solution- Annealing And Stress-Relieving Heat Treatments‖, at 18th NCCI Conference, Chennai, 24th to 26th, February, 2016.

M Archana, K Thyagarajan, S Ningshen, C Mallika, U Kamachi Mudali won the Best Paper Award for the paper ― High temperature steam oxidation behavior of modified 9Cr-1Mo steel and its weldment for steam generator application‖ at 18th NCCI Conference, Chennai, 24th to 26th, February, 2016.

Vinita Daiya, T. S. Shri Krishnan, G. Sandhya Rani,. Jemimah Ebenezer, Dr. S. A. V. Satya Murty, Dr. B. P. C. Rao won Best Paper Award, ―Theoretical Analysis on Designing Full Functional Device of WSN using Wireless Power Transfer‖, Ms., 12th IEEE India International Conference (INDICON 2015) at Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, Dec. 17-20, 2015.

M Thangam, Chanchal Ghosh, Joysurya Basu, Divakar Ramachandran, E Mohandas won best poster presentation award for the paper A Study of Contrast in STEM-HAADF imaging of Dispersoids in 9-Cr ODS Steel EMSI-2015: International Conference on Electron Micros- copy and XXXVI Annual Meeting of the Electron Microscope Society of India (EMSI), Mumbai, July 8-10 (2015).

M. Ezhil Vizhi , S. C. Vanithakumari , R. P. George , S. Vasantha and U. Kamachi Mudali, won Best Oral Preparation for ―Bio inspired Superhydrophobic surface by deposition of fluorinated Si nano particles on 304L Stainless Steel‖, International Corrosion Prevention Symposium for Research Scholars (CORSYM 15), Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai. 31st July – 1st Aug 2015.

VOLUME 6, ISSUE 1, 2016 Page 21

Best paper awards for IIM-KC Members (since June 2015)

R. N. Hajra, S. Raju, A. K. Rai, H. P.Tripathy, S. Saroja for the paper "A Calorimetric Study of Phase Stability in Fe-15 wt. % Cr Alloy" won Best Oral Presentation Award during Sym- posium on Thermal Analysis "THERMANS-2016"at IIT, B.H.U, Varanasi, 18-20 Jan 2016.

Bhuwan Chandra Sati, S. Jalaldeen, K. Velusamy, P. Selvaraj, "Creep-fatigue damage evaluation for SS-316LN (ORNL Plates): - RCC-MR vs. ASME SEC III - NH." 7th Interna- tional conference on Creep, fatigue and creep-fatigue interaction, IGCAR Kalpakkam, 19-22, January, 2016.

R. Santhosh, S. Raju, N.Vijayashanthi, S. Murugesan, S. Saroja won Best Poster Presenta- tion Award for the paper "Calorimetry Studies on U-Cr Alloys" THERMANS-2016"at IIT, B.H.U, Varanasi, 18-20 Jan 2016.

Group Achievement Award (since June 2015)

Development of Indian Reduced Activation Ferritic Martensitic (INFRAFM) Steel for India's Test Blanket Module (TBM) in ITER Dr. T. Jayakumar, Group Leader Team members: Dr. Arun Kumar Bhaduri, Dr. K. Laha, Dr. Saroja Saibaba, Dr. S. Raju Subramanian, Dr. R. Sandhya, Dr. V. S. Srinivasan, Dr. Aniruddha Moitra, Dr.A. Nagesha, Dr. Vani Shankar, Dr. R. Mythili, Shri Sunil Goyal, Shri M.Nandagopal, Shri G. V. Prasad Reddy, Shri V. David Vijayanand, Ms. J.Vanaja, Shri Arun Kumar Rai, Shri Aritra Sarkar, Shri K. Mariappan, Shri N.S. Thampi, Shri R. Balakrishnan, Ms. S. Panneer Selvi, Shri M. Govindasamy

DAE Group Achievement Award for ―Design, Numerical and Experimental Simulations, Devel- opment and Qualification of Principal Fuel Handling Machines of PFBR‖ Dr. Arun Kumar Bhaduri, Dr. Shaju K. Albert, Dr. Chittaranjan Das, Shri Hemant Kumar, Shri Bhuwan Chadra Sati Page 22

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IIM - KALPAKKAM CHAPTER

Dr. P. Parameswaran Dr. V. Karthik Chairman Honorary Secretary Materials Synthesis & Structural Characterisation Post Irradiation Examination Division Division IGCAR, Kalpakkam – 603 102 IGCAR, Kalpakkam – 603 102 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Ph: 044-27480500-ext.26479, 26407 Ph: 044-27480500-ext.22135,22376 Fax: 044-27480356 Fax: 044-27480202

Dr. R. Divakar Dr. S. Ningshen Vice Chairman Honorary Treasurer Materials Synthesis & Structural Characterisation Corrosion Science and Technology Group Division IGCAR, Kalpakkam – 603 102 IGCAR, Kalpakkam – 603 102 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Ph: 044-27480500-ext.22094, Ph: 044-27480500-ext.22931,26437 Fax: 044-27480121 Fax: 044-27480356

Visit http://www.iim-kalpakkam.in/index.php for more information

Editorial

It is an honor for us to bring out the current IIM-KC newsletter. The past year was filled with lot of events, in Shri. Chanchal Ghosh which the chapter actively participated. It played a piv- Materials Synthesis & otal role in organizing the NMD-ATM 2015. The chapter Structural Characterisation jointly conducted the 7th International Conference on Division, Creep, Fatigue and Creep-Fatigue interaction. The sec- IGCAR, Kalpakkam—603102 ond Young Scientist/Metallurgist Colloquium was held Email : this year. This program served as a right platform for [email protected] young researchers to exchange technical/scientific ideas and to enhance their presentation skills. The 23rd Prof. Brahm Prakash Memorial Materials Quiz was held in a Shri V. D. Vijayanand Mechanical Metallurgy grand manner. This year’s Placid Rodriguez Memorial Division, Lecture was delivered by Dr. G. K. Dey. A number of IGCAR, technical lectures were delivered this year by eminent Kalpakkam 603012 people across various disciplines pertaining to metallur- Email: gical and materials engineering. The excerpts of all [email protected] these events and lectures have been presented in this newsletter. This has been another successful year for many for our members, the detailed list of their awards and honors is also reported.