Vol 22. No. 62 Saturday, 3 october, 2015 Pages 8, Price 2.00 NFA

Bolstering national development programs

Eritrean nationals residing in Mr. Ibrahim Idris, Charge Gedarif, the Sudan, have expressed D’Affairs at the Eritrean Embassy readiness to contribute to national for his part gave extensive brief- development programs in tangible ings on the diplomatic, economic ways. and political developments in the homeland.

Senior Eritrean Delegation visits Sudan A senior Eritrean government The Eritrean delegation includes dent, H.E. Omar Ahmed Al-Bash- delegation led by the Minister of Mr. Hagos Ghebrehiwet, Head of er, on bilateral issues focusing on Finance, Mr. Berhane Habtemari- Economic Affairs of the PFDJ, and the status and progress of the eco- Water reservoirs in Dirfo am, is visiting Sudan for bilateral other senior government officials. nomic and trade agreements signed Three water reservoirs have tive was taken in line with the talks on economic cooperation and between the two sisterly countries been constructed in Dirfo Ad- Government’s commitment to to exchange experiences and best The Delegation was received by, in the past years. ministrative area in the Central promote social justice in remote practices in the financial sector. and held talks, the Sudanese Presi- region. The facilities were inau- areas. The delegation also held exten- gurated on September 30th . sive talks with the Sudanese Min- The facilities are expected to News Brief ister of Finance, Mr. Badr-Eddin Mr. Zerit Tewoldebrhan, the adequately address prevalent wa- Mahmoud. Managing Director in the Cen- ter shortages for privately owned tral Region, said that the initia- farms in the area. Creating conducive environment The discussions centered on fi- nancial issues as well as the bank- The different training programs that are being organized for the ing system, tax collection methods youth in the Southern region will have significant contribution in cre- and approaches, monetary policy, ating conducive environment for nurturing productive youth. insurance and cross-border trade.

Mr. Girmai Gebru, head of the NUEYS in the region, indicated that The delegation visited several training programs are being provided for 100 youth in carpentry and economic institutions, the national steel works, and for 40 youth, out of which 20 are women, in weaving bank, money printing press and and bee breading. gold processing plant in the Su- dan. Quarantine center providing commendable service

The Quarantine center that has been established in Talata-Asher to control the prevalence of trans-boarder communicable diseases is pro- viding commendable service. Draft national policy on children A workshop was conducted at in the meeting. persons submitted presentations on According to Dr. Leul Banteyrga, head of MOH branch in the Gash the NCEW Hall on the draft na- the prevailing situation of children Barka region, the center is equipped with modern medical facility and tional policy in regard to children The Minister of Labour and Hu- in and various facets of the is treating daily 200 people. The center uses solar energy and is provid- on the 1st of October 2015. man Welfare, Mr. Kahsai Gebrehi- draft policy document. ing service for 24 hours. wet, stated that the draft policy pa- The workshop was organized by per has been prepared after iterative The draft policy document will He further said that even though there is no immediate threat it is the Ministry of Labour and Human consultative work with all relevant be refined through inputs of the important to take the necessary precaution. Similar Quarantine centers Welfare. Senior Government and stakeholders so as to promote the workshop and other consultative are established in different parts of the country and are providing land, PFDJ officials, representatives of Government’s pronounced policy mechanisms the Ministry of La- sea and air services. International and Regional Organi- of safeguarding children’s rights. bour and Human Welfare intends zations and invited guests took part Experts on the subject and resource to pursue in the period ahead. Golij Sub-zone: Farmers stepping up more effort to enhance output

Farmers in Golij Sub-zone in Gash-Barka region, are making sub- stantial effort to increase their output.

According to reports, a total area of 64 thousand hectares is under cultivation, including oil seeds, sorghum and millet, among others. The farmers said that as part of their ongoing initiative, they intend to put in place canals in their farm plots with to conserving water resources. photo : Henoke Mekonen Eritrea Profile,Saturday, 3 october, 2015 2

Child care in Eritrea

kesete ghebrehiwet nurture children.

In Eritrea, any child is the child Generally, Eritrean society has of every household. Hence, child had shrewd, farsighted traditional care is the responsibility of every practices in childcare. The cultural Eritrean citizen. Much like the tolerance exhibited within Eritrean popular proverb noting that “it society is uniquely represented takes a village to raise a child,” by a harmonious coexistence of Eritrean children have always different ethnic groups. In this been nurtured with love and care regard, the policy will prove of their parents, neighbors, and extremely significant. the surrounding communities. A well nurtured child often Traditional wisdom and custom stands for the good of the people within the ethnic groups of Eritrea to whom he or she belongs, and place utmost significance upon is frequently very hospitable, children’s’ well-being. At the respectful, and welcoming towards same time, there have also been others. In this sense, it is not a caring and protecting children new Comprehensive National eradicated or significantly traditional practices that, while surprise to hear that foreigners who (and the aged). Childhood Policy are underage reduced. intending to benefit children, have have visited Eritrea often cherish marriage, burning of gums, cuts often led to negative physical or memories and experiences of a The introduction of a over the eyebrow, rupturing the As well, the national commitment physiological effects (frequently country known for its abundant Comprehensive National Child tonsils, and corporal punishment. to literacy and “education for all” carrying over into adulthood). It peace and stability. Policy stems from this unique Eritrea’s people, particularly its has led to remarkable changes and is within this context that the need collective outlook of Eritrean children, are its greatest resource; progress. for a national childhood policy It should be reiterated that all society. Importantly, the in that context, securing their arises, as made clear during the members of society play a role introduction of the policy is not safety and rights is of critical and Child care is a multifaceted release of the newly drafted in socialization of a child, and a substitute, but an addition or far-reaching significance. issue which involves families, Comprehensive National Child that if foreigners and travelers augmentation of, long standing communities, and various levels of Policy on 1st October 2015 at the feel safe and comfortable within social and cultural practices Notably, Eritrea has displayed government or administration. One National Confederation of Eritrean Eritrea, it is often a result of, or that aim to nurture children. an unwavering commitment important player has been Eritrea’s Workers conference hall. influenced by, a proper upbringing Specifically, the policy will towards respecting, promoting and Ministry of Labor and Human of children. Simply, it is a tribute help to fill existent gaps, while protecting the rights of children, Welfare, particularly through During the discussion, the and recognition of the ceaseless firmly working against harmful even during the challenging, its extensive efforts to promote importance of the new policy was efforts of Eritrean societies. practices. difficult times within the decades- the survival and development underscored through noting how long struggle for independence. of children. For example, the traditionally, members of Eritrean The child who receives proper The Female Circumcision Likewise in the post-independence ministry has undertook different society were not accustomed to nurturing from parents, relatives, Abolition Proclamation No period, the country has attested its activities aimed at empowering birth registration, and could thus and communities frequently 158/2007, for instance, bans all commitment to important youth or families through community- expose children to violations of becomes a responsible citizen forms of female circumcision. children’s issues, by prioritizing based interventions such as child labor, underage marriage, who makes commendable efforts and investing in education, health, the reunification program for or other areas of potential child towards fulfilling the admirable The proclamation, which nutrition, and various other youth orphans, street children, and other exploitation. Kahsay Ghebrehiwet, goal of building a nation for that criminalizes female genital or children’s related areas. vulnerable members of the Eritrean Minister of Labor and Human welcomes people from all walks mutilation and holds accountable society. Importantly, adoption and Welfare, also noted how “Eritrean of life. the practitioners or those who For example, owing to orphanages, as well as improving society has a civilized culture assisted or witnessed but failed to remarkably high immunization rehabilitation and support systems and a farsighted vision as regards Eritreans have long adhered report to law enforcement bodies, levels against childhood for street children, disabled proper upbringing and protection to the principle that child care is a useful example of protecting illnesses, child mortality rates children, or children from families of children,” and that the new is a collective responsibility of the rights of a child from harmful have dramatically declined. with meager income are areas of policy would help to protect and communities. Such a cultural asset, traditional practices. Furthermore, a range of increasing discussion and focus. therefore, encourages members of communicable diseases that were family and surrounding community Other traditional practices once causes for disabilities or Children with disabilities to share in the responsibilities of addressed as focal points in the death, have now been largely (CWD) are also a key part of the new child care policy. With Published Every the Association of the Blind, Saturday & Wednesday the Association of the Deaf, the Association of Autism and Down’s Syndrome, and the Association Acting Editor of War Disabled Veterans having Amanuel Mesfun played key roles in addressing the [email protected] needs of CWD, the new policy will be useful component to P.O.Box: 247 improving the lives of CWD and Tel: 11-41-14 advocating for their rights. Such Fax: 12-77-49 cooperation and partnerships E-mail: illustrate how, even though the profile@ zena.gov.er Ministry of Labor and Human Advertisement: 12-50-13 Welfare is playing a leading role, child care is a moral obligation Layout of all Eritreans – individuals, azieb habtemariam families, communities, ministries, and associations. Participant in work shop Eritrea Profile,Saturday, 3 october, 2015 3

The “Isolationist” Myth: Eritrea, Global Ties, and Diplomacy

Dr. Fikrejesus Amahazion Sudan); Eritrea’s participation and the year 2005 and 2.04 for the without the use of military power encouraging understanding, coor- address at the 70th meeting of the year 2010. By comparison, for the or force. Consulates are local of- dination, and the solving of prob- In recent years, it has become United Nations General Assembly, years 2005 and 2010 respectively, fices that represent a state in major lems (Neumayer 2008). quite common to hear Eritrea, a as well as Eritrea and the United per 100,000 citizens: Ethiopia had cities of another state, generally young, low-income, developing Nations (UN) announce plans to 0.52 and 0.47 ties; Sudan had 1.42 taking care of the myriad of issues According to Eritrea’s Perma- country located within the volatile, expand cooperation; the govern- and 1.37 ties; Uganda had 1.98 and that arise from day-to-day, while nent Mission to the African Union politically-fractious Horn of Africa ments of Finland and Eritrea reveal 1.78 ties; Tanzania had 1.54 and ambassadors are officials charged (AU), as of 2014, Eritrea had 36 region, derogatorily described as the launch of an exciting bilateral 1.34 ties; and Kenya had 2.47 and by their state to conduct “high-lev- diplomatic missions abroad. By isolationist, secretive, the “North development programme, which is 2.2 ties (UIA 2012). el” politics with the state to which comparison, Kenya’s figure was Korea of Africa,” or even the “her- only the latest in a growing series of they are posted. Within the fields of 50, Uganda’s 31, Ethiopia’s 39, mit kingdom.” While such state- significant agreements and partner- Rather than isolation as is so sociology, international relations, Tanzania’s 32, Sudan’s 64, and Dji- ments suggest Eritrea remains de- ships with a range of countries or often alleged, data on INGO ties and political science, the concept of bouti’s 50. However, considering tached from the global community, institutions, including Cuba, China, suggest that Eritrea is amongst diplomatic representation abroad is the number of diplomatic missions closer analysis reveals that they are Turkey, Japan, Russia, the African the most internationally embed- frequently regarded as an important in relation to the number of years clichéd, cursory, overly simplistic, Development Bank (AfDB), and ded countries within its region. mechanism in the fostering and since formal independence – an im- and incorrect. the European Development Fund maintenance of friendly relations portant factor in establishing diplo- (EDF); and the Eritrean National Another useful method to further matic representation abroad – illus- In fact, one seasoned Western Cycling Team’s participation in the trates that Eritrea’s ratio is 1.7. By Table 1 ambassador based in Asmara re- UCI World Championships (Rich- comparison, Kenya’s ratio of diplo- cently quipped, “those who com- mond, VA), following Eritrea’s matic missions abroad in relation to pare Eritrea with North Korea have highly successful performances at years since independence is 0.98, not been to North Korea and cer- the All Africa Games (Brazzaville, while Uganda’s is 0.6, Djibouti’s tainly do not know Eritrea.” Congo), the World Athletics Cham- is 1.35, Sudan’s is 1.1, Tanzania’s pionships (Beijing, China), and the is 0.6, and Ethiopia’s is 0.53. Quite First, such descriptions lack vital . simply, Eritrea establishes diplo- context. Specifically, peaceful and matic missions abroad at a faster cooperative regional and interna- While far from an exhaustive list rate than its regional neighbors. tional co-existence and integration of Eritrea’s diverse array of interna- have long been bedrocks of Eri- tional activities and engagements, Reflecting upon his recent visit trean foreign policy. However, at the examples offer a useful reflec- to Eritrea, Norway’s Minister of the same time, the country has been tion of the country’s active regional Justice noted that descriptions of the target of an externally-driven and global presence. Furthermore, Eritrea (e.g. the “North Korea of strategy to isolate it, particularly they illustrate Eritrea’s commit- Africa”) were highly inaccurate. through attempts at scuppering ment to respectful, egalitarian, and This view closely parallels the foreign agreements and economic mutually-beneficial partnerships preceding discussion; specifically, deals. with a broad range of members of reviewing a sample of Eritrea’s the international community. recent international activities and For example, according to a engagements, as well as examining Table 2 leaked U.S. embassy cable in Addis A potentially more incisive tool several important indicators and Ababa sent by Chargé d’Affaires to critically examine references measures suggests that descriptions Vicki Huddleston (dated Novem- to Eritrea being isolationist or the of Eritrea as isolationist, the “North ber 1st 2005), the strategy of the “hermit kingdom” is by consider- Korea of Africa,” or the “hermit U.S.-backed Ethiopian proxy was ing the country’s memberships in kingdom” are simplistic and incor- to “isolate Eritrea and wait for it international non-governmental rect - particularly when Eritrea’s to implode economically.” More- organizations (INGOs), referred to regional neighbors are considered. over, a 2009 cable sent by Chargé as INGO ties. Popular within inter- d’Affaires Roger Meece reveals national, cross-comparative analy- Moving forward, as Eritrea that the “USG [U.S. government] ses within the fields of sociology works toward improving the lives has worked to undercut support for and political science, INGO ties of its people, developing and fos- Eritrea.” are typically utilized by research- tering regional and global relations ers to capture a state’s level of em- should remain a key feature of Additionally, claims about Eri- beddedness (or integration) within policy. trea’s isolation appear rather inac- world society. Simply, states with curate following just a quick, per- more INGO ties are more embed- However, the process is a two- functory review of the country’s ded in world society; alternatively, way street; Ms. Bronwyn Bru- regional and international activities states with less INGO ties are less ton, Deputy Director of the Africa and engagements. embedded in world society. Center at the Atlantic Council, has noted the failure of isolationist pol- For example, recent weeks and Utilizing data from the Year- icies towards Eritrea and suggested months have seen: Eritrea’s Presi- book of International Organiza- that it is “time for a new approach” dent, H.E. Isaias Afewerki, travel tions, annually published by the explore mainstream claims of Eri- between states, and between states by the international community. to, and the Eritrean government Union of International Associa- trea’s isolation is by considering its and other actors. Ultimately, greater integration, receive high-level delegates from, tions – described as providing the diplomatic representation abroad. cooperation, and dialogue will not several countries toward promot- “most extensive information on Generally, diplomacy can be un- Amongst other things, diplo- only support vital socio-economic ing dialogue, cooperation, and bi- organizations in the world” (Drori derstood as the process of reaching matic representation abroad helps growth and general development, lateral ties (such as Qatar, Saudi et al. 2003) – Eritrea’s INGO ties international decisions, not nec- promote states’ socio-economic but also encourage peace and sta- Arabia, Norway, South Sudan, and per 100,000 citizens was 2.06 for essarily cooperatively, however, and political interests, while also bility in a long troubled region. Disclamer: articles published in this column do not reflect the stance or opinion of Eritrea Profile Eritrea Profile,Saturday, 3 october , 2015 4

The Ponderer’s Corner How Society Shapes Us

Philemon G.Hiwet in addition to the fact that old along the country’s favorable greeted them in the street and men and women having their own climate, makes Asmara one of For anything to be recognized asked where they were from. role in such occasions. They are Africa’s most desirable cities. in this world, it needs to have a That person is not a loony but one strongly unified as a community, Attribution is the process unique identity. It is for such a who is the result of a collectivist family or nation more than as an of understanding the actions reason that societies are recognized society and one whom the society individual. of others based on limited as distinct from one another. as a whole is very proud of. information. Since the process is Societies are differentiated based Whereas in individualist inexact, large errors often creep on their cultures, which is their Collectivism and individualism societies the spirit of “I” highly in. In individualistic cultures, identity. Culture is a complex deeply pervade cultures. People prevails. It promotes individual there is a strong bias towards whole that includes knowledge, simply take their culture’s stance goals, initiative and achievement attributing a person’s behavior to everyone is expected to look after belief, morals, customs and any for granted. But both collectivist as everyone looks for a reward the characteristics of that person one’s self and one’s immediate other capabilities and inabilities and individualist cultures have for what he has done in terms of instead of the situation that person family only. Whereas collectivism acquired by the man as a member their disadvantages. People either money or prestige, hardly is in. People in collectivist cultures refers to a society in which people of society. Culture makes a in individualist cultures are caring about the conscientious have also this bias but to a much (from birth onwards) are integrated man a social being and society susceptible to loneliness while satisfaction. In such a case, lesser degree. For a foreigner from into strong cohesive groups makes him with the process people in collectivist cultures can individual rights are seen as an individualistic society, it is a that last throughout people’s of socialization. Despite this have a strong fear of rejection. being the most important. It rules strange thing to hear a small kid lifetimes and that provide security fact, not everyone experiences In our society it would be hard attempt to ensure self-importance providing detailed information in exchange for unquestioning the same type of socialization to imagine how difficult it can and individualism. Independence of his neighbors’ names and loyalty. Individualist cultures, process. It is obvious that a poor be if you don’t visit a relative or is valued; there is much less of occupations.. Here it wouldn’t such as those of the United States socialization process results a neighbor in its times of sorrow a drive to help other citizens or be a big issue. And neither would and Western Europe, emphasize in the development of deviant (or joy). Not only that person, but communities than in collectivism. it if you were to want to attend behavior. In our society, there is personal achievement at the the society as an entity wouldn’t a wedding but you don’t know expense of group goals, resulting a strong socialization process but accept such things. Eritreans are Unlike in the collectivist where the exact address was: in a strong sense of competition. it doesn’t necessarily mean that living proof of the proverb “a societies, in individualist in such cases, someone in the Collectivist cultures, such as everyone passes through the same united society is hard to penetrate,” societies, relying or being area is surely going to help you those of China, Korea and Japan, experience. and they have witnessed this all dependent on others is frequently reach your desired address. The put family and work group goals throughout their history. seen as shameful and people are same situation would have been above individual needs or desires. When I was in college, I had a encouraged to do things on their hopeless had you been in an friend who grew up isolated from In a collectivist society, each own; to rely on themselves. Being individualist society. Our society is considered as one his environment. And just like person is encouraged to be an active dependent doesn’t necessarily that is extra collectivist. As the “a bird grown up caged never player in society, to do what is best mean begging; it merely implies Personality wise, the stereotype saying goes “he who eats alone knows how to fly”, that person for the society as a whole rather lending a hand and helping out of a ‘good person’ in collectivist will die alone”, much has been had likewise a problem of taking than his or herself. It is through each other. cultures is trustworthy, honest, said about the drawbacks of responsibility and was always such action that the pro-active All the traits of an individualist generous, and sensitive, all individualism by our ancestors. afraid to take risks when making personality can be developed, society are strange for a collectivist characteristics that are helpful In our society, living alone is decisions. On top of that, he’s also which enables you to become one, which is one of the reasons to people working in groups. considered as a taboo. Naturally, materialistic, appreciating things determinant enough to do up to why many of the elderly people In contrast, a ‘good person’ in it is a hermit that lives alone. The rather than the creative mind. He your potential to help and develop from our society never want to stay individualist cultures is more news that a man died at home and always loves to talk about what the society which you belong to. longer when visiting European assertive and strong, characteristics was found a week later could be he saw in television programs countries or the US. They really helpful for competing. The normal in highly individualistic like MTV Cribs, which show the The supersession of individual miss the life of being together, idea of the ‘artistic type’ or societies but such a story in our houses and luxurious lives of rights by those of families, saying hello in the streets and most ‘bohemian’ is not usually found society would be a very serious celebrities in the West. communities, and the collective of all (and especially for women) in collectivist cultures. However, talking issue. as a whole is also another trait of the beautiful coffee ceremony of collectivist cultures usually have “Wow! Did you see how such society. It promotes unity, their own society. In Eritrea the a ‘community man’ concept not Many foreigners are always beautiful Akon’s home is and brotherhood, and selflessness. people’s strong solidarity and present in individualist cultures. surprised by the compactness how beautiful are the wheels on In such society working with compactness is really reflected and cooperation that exists his Ferrari?” This and the like are others and cooperating is the in the day-to-day activities of the The fact remains that as humans among Eritreans. In his book his constant remarks, which have norm; everyone supports each people. In fact, the capital Asmara we turn out to be what the society “Eritrea Tourist Guide” Robert nothing to do with him if not to other. In the Eritrean society for is very different to see it after six around us shapes us to become. Papstein was quoted as saying: induce infatuation. instance, if there is a marriage in the evening as everyone usually An Eritrean that grew in the highly ceremony the Das (the tent where goes downtown to visit and chat prominent individualist culture of “… If you are looking for For him solving a simple social the wedding reception takes over drinks with friends... this the West cannot (and will never) international mass tourism, problem is like climbing up to the place) is erected by neighbors and scenario of people strolling down be expected to bear the traits of Eritrea is not the place for you. peak of Mount Kilimanjaro. relatives. The youngsters take this the streets, laughing and chatting, collectivism that Eritreans are But if you are looking to visit a as their role in such ceremonies, adds up to the city’s beauty, which, known for. Likewise, a foreigner All that made me wonder new country in which people are that was raised in a collective whether this was how we are happy to see you, willing to share environment will accordingly raised by society. their culture and lives, there is no reflect collectivist characteristics. place in Africa quite like Eritrea. Cultures are typically divided It is a traveler’s place rather than While the difference between into two categories: collectivist tourist destination…” the two streams is obvious, and individualist. Individualism every society needs of course stands for a society in which the We Eritreans are extremely polite to be respected for its particular ties between individuals are loose; and courteous. Guests should culture. never be surprised if anyone Eritrea Profile,Saturday, 3 october, 2015 5

Cycling Brings Eritrea to the Heart of Richmond Sophia Tesfamariam dot jersey awarded to the race’s The tight knit, highly organized leading climber. Eritrean communities in the It was just over a month ago Eastern region of the United that the historic Tour de France So when it became known that States were determined to placed Eritrea and her cyclists on the UCI World Championship show up in great numbers in the world stage. would take place in Richmond, Richmond to support the Eritrean VA from 20-27 September, National Team and they did-very A new chapter was written excitement swept through the colorfully. in cycling history when Daniel Eritrean communities in the Teklehaimanot became the first United States. Social media was They captured the attention rider down the start ramp at the abuzz and the Richmond 2015 of everyone who came to the

we’re used to seeing on TV. be a very long, wet drive in But a live telecast almost seems a motorhome…Instead it’s unnecessary. The roads are Eritrea’s supporters who are packed with spectators. The rivalling the home team USA in event is a huge celebration…” terms of numbers, and who are unparalleled when it comes to The UCI World Championships noise and energy levels…” were followed by Eritreans around the world via television and But he was not alone. Dane internet. Eritreans living in North 2015 Tour. Daniel and his fellow became the talk of the town. The races. Cycling Weekly’s Richard Cash of Velo News in his article America watched it, in person, on Eritrean compatriot Merhawi Eritreans were not to be outdone Abraham in his 26 September “Richmond worlds: For some, the streets of Richmond, VA and Kudus became the first black and the historical significance of article asks “Why are there so simply a chance to fly the flag” got the attention of many. Richard Africans to race the Tour, as the event was not lost on them. many Eritrea fans at the World wrote: part of MTN-Qhubeka, the first Championships?”-The answer Abraham described what he saw and heard: African-registered team ever to This was the first time since is simple, cycling is not just a “…The opportunity to show start the Tour. independence in 1991 that an very popular , and the cycling world a flag that “…Eat your heart out Eritrean National Team was Eritrea has managed to maintain some fans may not recognize is Holland; the biggest and loudest The Tour was made even more participating in an event in the a flourishing bicycle culture for one that doesn’t come around set of fans at the 2015 World exciting when Daniel pedaled United States. About 1,000 of the over a century. every day…” past another major milestone world’s top cyclists from about 75 Championships are definitely here for Eritrea…They’re not when he earned the title of “King countries competed in the 2015 In Eritrea, the first sighting of a He spoke to MeksebDebessay, very hard to spot. Just look for of the Mountains” and became UCI Road World Championships. bicycle was in 1898 in Massawa, an elite rider in the Eritrean Team the dozens of enormous Eritrean the first African to don the polka- having been introduced by the and this is what he said: Italians. By the 1930s, clubs were flags fluttering in the muggy air in downtown Richmond being organized, and on April “…Our goal is like the other along the road race course at 21st 1937, the first race took place teams — to show our flag in the World Championships… in Asmara. the road…If we show our flag Look a little more closely and in this competition, it’s very you’ll find there are Eritrean Even as Eritrea began to important, it shows what our flag-themed scarves, T-shirts, undergo large-scale socio-political country Eritrea is…” developments and decades of war drums, beanies, and even woolly jumpers numbering in (1961-1991), the country’s love For Eritrean Americans it was their hundreds, all belonging of cycling and passion for racing an opportunity to tell Eritrea’s to the vast number of Eritrea failed to diminish and remains story and they did, as many were fans at this year’s Worlds… one of the lasting influences of curious. Italian colonial rule. The Dutch are well known for their (often boozy) enthusiasm The colorful attires, the music The country’s first multi-day for cycling but this year they are yet to descend on the cycle race was staged in 1946, continued on page 8 although locals were not allowed world championships. It would to enter. The Giro D’Eritrea, Tour of Eritrea, was resurrected fifty- five years later, a symbol of the new-found confidence of a nation which had finally achieved its independence in 1991. As one observer noted:

“…Africa’s oldest cycle race is a far cry from the televised sporting extravaganzas that Eritrea Profile,Saturday, 3 october, 2015 ads 6

Job Title & number required Mine General Foreman (01)

To provide support to the Mine Superintendent through the effective management of the mining shift, standard of the works, environment controls, safe working environment, equipment deployment, optimizing equipment utilization and productivities and effective deployment of the company’s workforce and its sub-contractors.To provide support to the Mine Superintendent through the effective management of the mining shift, standard of Duties & Responsibilities the works, environment controls, safe working environment, equipment deployment, optimizing equipment utilization and productivities and effective deployment of the company’s workforce and its sub-contractors.

Excellent interdepartmental communication skills. Excellent working knowledge of all aspects of mining operational theory including open pit Knowledge & Skill operation. Excellent knowledge of consumable products used in the mining industry including their safe use and applications. Ability to effectively Requirement plan daily, weekly and monthly work activities. Computer literacy in Microsoft office suite of programs.

Education Mining Engineering Degree or Diploma desirable.

Minimum 5 years of experience in mining field. Significant experience in open pit mine operations a must. Excellent leadership and organizational Experience Required skills. English literacy to a conversational level.

Physical Requirement To be able to pass a full Doctor’s examination. To be available to work in accordance with ZMSC rosters.

General Information and other requirements: Place of work: Koka Gold Mine Site. Occasional assignment to other locations. Salary: As per Company scale.

Additional Requirement for nationals: Having fulfilled his/her National Service obligations and provide evidence of a release paper from the Ministry of Defense. Having finished registration and duty performing for the National Army, and present the release paper or registration card issued by National Army. Provide a Clearance paper from office of the Eritrean Police and present Medical Certificate from Hospital. Present Clearance paper from the current/last employer. Only short listed applicants would be considered as potential candidates for an interview. Application documents will not be returned back to the sender and/or applications should be sent through the Post Office. Deadline for application: 10 days from the day of publication in the Newspaper.

Address: Please mail your applications to: ZARA MINING SHARE CO. P. O. Box 2393. Asmara, Eritrea.

Note to Eritrean applicants: Please send a copy of your application to: Aliens Employment Permit Affairs P.O. Box 7940 Asmara, Eritrea.

the address below and upon payment of a none refundable fee Eritrean Nakfa Invitation for Bids (ERN) 750.00 or equivalent, starting Monday, October 12, 2015. Foreign bidders shall transfer the cost of Bidding Documents in USD to CITIBANK, Procurement of N.A., COTTON CENTER, UK, LONDON, and SWIFT: CITIGB2L for credit to account No. 5519691 of Bank of Eritrea, Asmara, Eritrea, in favor of Science Demonstration Items beneficiary, i.e. PMU - MOE for further credit to our Acct. No. EESIP-GOE for 120.301.0359 maintained with them. If documents are required to be sent by courier additional USD 35.00 or equivalent shall be transferred to the above Eritrean Middle Schools account number.

ICB No: PMU-MOE/GPE/G/ICB/001/2015 6. Bids must be delivered to the address below at or before 10:00 a.m. Local time (GMT+3) on December 15, 2015. Electronic bidding will not 1. The Government of the State of Eritrea has received a grant from be permitted. Late bids will be rejected. Bids will be opened in the presence the Global Partnership for Education (GPE) toward the cost of Enhancing of the bidders’ representatives who choose to attend at the address below Equitable Access to Quality Basic Education for Social Justice, and it intends to apply part of the proceeds of this grant to payments under the contract for at 10:00a.m. Local time (GMT+3)on December 15, 2015. All bids must be the procurement of Science Demonstration Items for Eritrean Middle Schools, accompanied by a Bid Security of USD 8,000.00 (Eight Thousand US Dollars) ICB No: PMU-MOE/GPE/G/ICB/001/2015. or equivalent in other freely convertible currency.

2. The Project Management Unit of the Ministry of Education The address referred to above is: (PMU-MOE) now invites sealed bids from eligible bidders for the supply of Science Demonstration Items to be delivered between December 30, 2015 and January 29, 2016. Project Management unit – Ministry of Education (PMU - MOE)

3. Bidding will be conducted through the International Competitive Street Address: Hday Street 748-1 Bidding (ICB) procedures, and is open to all bidders. Floor/Room number: DembeSembel, Block “A”, First Floor, RH 4. Interested eligible bidders may obtain further information from Project Management Unit – Ministry of Education (PMU - MOE), Asmara, P. O. Box 1099 Eritrea, Tel: 291-1-151614, Fax: 291-1-152181, Email: mgilagaber@gmail. com, and/or [email protected], and inspect the bidding documents Tel: 291-1-151614 at the address given below during working hours Monday through Friday. Fax: 291-1-152181 Asmara, Eritrea 5. A complete set of Bidding Documents in the English language may be purchased by interested bidders on the submission of a written application to Eritrea Profile,Saturday, 3 october, 2015 7

Message from the Ministry of Agriculture End Rabies Together

Understanding Rabies Infection through inhalation of the virus, although less common, has Rabies is a viral disease that been documented, for example, affects the central nervous system in the environment of a densely of warm-blooded animals, populated bat cave. including humans. The disease has a long incubation period The rabies virus will generally (approximately six months) and remain at the entry site for a period symptoms may take several weeks of time before travelling along the to appear after infection. However, nerves to the brain. Once within the once symptoms appear, rabies can brain, the virus multiplies extremely be fatal in animals. quickly, resulting in clinical signs. The virus then moves on from the Rabies has been recognized for brain along nerves to the salivary centuries; however, it wasn’t until glands. the 1880’s when important work done by Louis Pasteur identified The period of time before clinical a virus as the cause of the disease. signs appear in an infected animal as excessive salivation, choking veterinarians, animal control and subsequent coma and death. Today, rabies is a disease listed can vary, depending on the strain or gagging can lead humans to wildlife officers should obtain in the World Organization for of virus and entry point. It is thus unknowingly risk infection while protection through pre-exposure In humans, early signs can Animal Health (OIE) Terrestrial important to realize that the disease examining inside the mouse of vaccination. include fever or headache. As the Animal Health Code and it must be can be transmitted via the saliva of dogs and livestock searching for disease progresses, symptoms may reported to the OIE. an infected animal to other animals a foreign body or attempting to As well, abattoir personnel, include confusion, depression, and humans before the onset of administer medication with bare particularly in endemic areas, must sleepiness, agitation or paralyses Notably, the rabies virus is clinical sings of the disease in the hands. take preventive actions to prevent of the face, throat and neck. present on all continents except infected animal. infection from saliva, salivary Antarctica. While some countries SIGNS, TYPES, and SAFETY gland and nervous tissue of infected Death generally results from have implemented vigilant Rabies regarded as one of the animal. Infection does not occur by progressive paralyses. control measures and succeeded most important zoonotic diseases It is important to immediately consumption of meat from a rabid in eradicating the disease to meet in the world (i.e. a disease which wash any bite wound or exposed animal. The disease may be suspected stringent OIE requirements for primarily affects animals, but can surface with soap and water and based on clinical signs, however, rabies free status, in other countries, also lead to disease within human report the incident to a doctor or Clinical signs of rabies in animals laboratory tests are required to the disease remains endemic with beings). hospital emergency department. will vary depending on the effect of confirm the diagnosis. Samples rabies present mainly in wild The risk of rabies transmission the virus on the brain. Typical signs taken from dead animals must be animal hosts. Any encounter with a domestic must be evaluated based on the include sudden behavioral changes sent to competent laboratories for or wild animal where a bite is nature of the encounter, species and progressive paralysis leading diagnosis. Rabies is transmitted through received must be investigated. of animal involved, prevalence of to death. In some cases, however, the saliva of an infected animal. Importantly, rabid wild animals rabies in the surrounding area, and an animal may die rapidly without In countries where the Infection occurs primarily via tend to lose their natural fear of evaluation of the vaccination and demonstrating significant clinical disease is endemic, measures are bite wounds, or infected saliva humans, increasing the risk of clinical status of the animal and its signs. implemented to address and reduce entering an open cut or wound or encounter. availability for diagnostic testing. the risk of infection in susceptible mucous membrane, such as those Furious rabies: populations (such as wildlife, stray, in the mouth, nasal cavity or eyes. Clinical signs in animals such Occupational groups regularly in Animals may be anxious, highly and domestic animals) and create a contact with animals for example, excitable and/or aggressive with buffer between the animal source of intermittent periods of depression. the disease and humans. Important With the loss of natural caution and measures include, fear of other animals and humans, animal with this form of rabies • Surveillance and reporting may demonstrate sudden behavior of suspected cases of rabies in changes, and attack without animals warning or provocation. • Vaccination programs for As the disease progresses, domestic animals muscular weakness, in coordination and seizures are common. Death • Research into disease results from progressive paralysis. dynamics, vaccines and effective delivery mechanisms for the target Dumb rabies: population Animals with this form of rabies may be depressed or unusually Wildlife rabies control programs docile. The animal will often have including vaccination( trap/ paralysis, generally of the face, vaccinate/release or delivery of throat and neck, causing abnormal oral vaccines)Population control facial expressions, drooling and an and vaccination programs for stray inability to swallow. Paralysis may animal populations. affect the body, first affecting the hind legs. The paralyses progresses 28 September - World Rabies rapidly to the whole body with Day 2015 Eritrea Profile,Saturday, 3 october, 2015 8

The power of I can do

Yisak Yared

Mr Negash Mehari was born in 1984 in ‘Shibet’ a small village not far from Keren. While he was at his elementary school education he encountered an accident. It was in 24th of May 1991, the day of the Eritrean independence; Negash and his friends were headed towards ‘Forto’ to greet Eritrean freedom fighters, when an explosive went off leaving him injured. He lost his sight, one leg and one hand. He works hard and he is a role model to many

Today we meet Mr. Negash should never ever panic or stress As a disabled I don’t sit Accepting what happened and Mehari. over such encounters. I suggest expecting help from others. try hard to overcome it is what is that a follow up on regular basis, Disability should not deter any needed the most. Life after the accident both in the physical and mental one from pursuing dreams, wishes aspects, would help a great deal. and goals. Disability is not the Good luck! I didn’t give up. After I healed end of life. Thank you very much! from my multiple wounds I On his final thought started school. I had all the support I needed to carry on from my parents, friends and the community. At that time I felt as if was my education was my only remedy. Though I tried hard Cycling Brings... I failed at the national general examination. I took physical education continued from page 5 mentioned by many during the as the people of Slovakia were training for one and half years. Richmond races. One artist that Sagan won, neither was as I felt as if that was the end of After graduation I was assigned and the overall atmosphere of inspired by his extraordinary happy as MeksebDebesay and my life. The stress and sense of as instructor. Physical education fun, and the discipline of the large performance in the Tour de France the people of Eritrea…And failure, at such a young age, was especially gymnasium prevails number of Eritreans, garnered the told a group of Eritreans that she those are the people who are too much for me to accept and to be a lot of time to be rather attention and admiration of many was inspired by Daniel to create a in Eritrea and the thousand or I was on the verge of losing my challenging and less comfortable and the Eritrean riders had the sculpture that she hopes to finish so who lined the road course of mind. than other sports, my aim was to best fan base in Richmond. soon and put on display at her downtown Richmond…There make gymnasium something that gallery. were maybe as many as 1,000 On his search of alternative my clients could enjoy. Dane Cash also said: Eritreans in Richmond to watch Eritrean fans were the talk to the road course race of Worlds… On the brighter side, I soon Now, I work at the gymnasium “…Debesay’s home country the town and in a27 September But about 50 yards away, past a after regained my self-confidence every day from 7 to 9 in the has had a marquee cycling 2015 article, Ashley Halsey of the large team bus, there was a man and since then I told myself that evening. And during the day I season, with MTN-Qhubeka’s Washington Postwrote: standing inside a Honda CRV, nothing would ever be able to am working as a manager in one Daniel Teklehaimanot winning his torso protruding through stop me from doing and living private sector. the mountains classification at “…The global scope of cycling the sun roof as he waved his like everyone else. the Critérium du Dauphiné, was underscored this week by a arms in rhythm with the sea of That means I have a rather tight and then wearing the polka dots large and colorful contingent Eritrean flags that were waving I set my mind has been fixed schedule trough out my days. I for a few days in the Tour de of fans from Eritrea. Draped in along with him…My 36 years in on education. In 2000 I joined the am satisfied with how I am doing. France. Eritrean fans have gone large Eritrean flags and waving the newspaper business told me National Union of Eritrean Youth I wanted to lead a normal life mad for cycling in the wake of small ones, they had come to that was where I needed to be… and Students (NUEYS) and there style and here I am! the sudden global exposure, celebrate the lone rider in the He was no more proud of them I saw, the very alternative things and Richmond provides the men’s final from their country, than they were of him…Their I could do to lead a normal and On the importance of physical perfect opportunity to show MeksebDebesay…At the end of faces beamed with smiles. stable life style. education off the national colors on the the race, which he was unable international scene…Racing to complete, they raised him to “Thrilled” barely seems an I got the opportunity of getting I believe sport has significant fans might be surprised to their shoulders and paraded at adequate description of how several kinds of trainings on first importance in one’s life. It brings discover that it is Debesay the finish line…” Debesay’s countrymen, women aid and physical education, I psychological stability and starting for Eritrea instead of and children felt…Imagine how worked for two years as a member physical fitness. Teklehaimanot. However, it was That was a memorable moment they would have reacted had he of the executive committee of the Debesay delivering the more for all and Paul Woody of the actually finished the race…” NUEYS in Keren sub-zone and I have seen that in me as I am a consistent results across the Richmond Times Dispatch caught in other activities the union was beneficiary on that matter. Though year, and that’s what counts for up with the Eritrean fans at the The reaction would have been organizing and at the moment I am I found it hard at first, sport most both roster spot allotment and end of the Elite race and described pretty much the same…winning working as a physical education definitely aided me in my physical team selection. Eritrea earned what he saw: would earn them more points in instructor. and mental development. several more spots at the under- the cycling world, but as far as 23 level, with promising young “…As happy as Peter Sagan the Eritreans were concerned, On his disability vis-à-vis His recommendation on parents rider taking was to have won the premier they were winners...they had won physical education with handicapped children 11th in the road race…” event in the UCI Road World the hearts and minds of all…long Championships and as happy before they came to Richmond. Parents with similar situation, Daniel Teklehaimanot was