DOCSLIB.ORG

Page 1 植物研究雜誌 J. Jpn. Bot. 73: 26-34 (1998) Permineralized

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Page 1 植物研究雜誌 J. Jpn. Bot. 73: 26-34 (1998) Permineralized 植物研究雑誌 J. J. Jpn. Bo t. 73: 73: 26-34 (1 998) 1 Permineralized Permineralized Matoniaceous Fossils from the Cretaceous of Japan ) Harufumi NISHIDA a，Akira YOSHIDA b and Makoto NISHIDA b aLaboratory aLaboratory of Geosciences and Biology ，Faculty of Science and Engineering ， Chuo University ， Kasuga Kasuga 1-13-27 ，Bunkyo-ku ，Tokyo ，112-0003 JAPAN; bpaleontological bpaleontological Laboratory ，Research Institute of Evolutionary Biology ， 2-4-28 2-4-28 Kamiyoga ，Setagaya-ku ，Tokyo ，158-0098 JAPAN (Received (Received on September 1 ，1997) A fossil matoniaceous rhizome ，Tricyclopteris japonocretacea gen. et sp. nov. is described described from the Upper Cretaceous of Hokkaido ，Japan. The rhizome has a tricyclic solenotele solenotele with endarch primary xylem. A matoniaceous petiole or rachis ，Matoniostipes mesozoica mesozoica Nishida (1973) from the Lower Cretaceous of Choshi ， Chiba Prefecture ，is emended and reexamined for comparison. It has loose parenchyma (Seward 1899) near protoxylem protoxylem like the petiole of living Matonia pectinata. Matonia pectinata is also characterized characterized by a small cavity parenchyma (Holder ， 1925: Ogura ， 1972) near protoxylem in in the rhizome ， while it does not occur in Tricyclopteris. (Continued (Continued from Y oshida et al.， Res. Ins t. Evolu t. Bio l. Sci. Rep. 8: 85-94 ， 1996) Introduction on a badl y preserved specimen from the Jurassic The Matoniaceae is a rather small family of of lndia (Sharma and Bohra 1978). leptosporangiate leptosporangiate fern. The family consists of Tidwell and Skog (1992) described two two living genera Matonia (2 spp.) and genera of different ages from Tasmania. Mid- Phanerosorus (1 sp.). Thespeciesarerestricted Mesozoic Tasmanopteris has a polycyclic to to the paleotropical regions and prefer habitat siphonostele and Tertiary Heweria has similar in in forest floor or margin ，though it is well structure. However ，Tidwell and Skog (1992) known from the fossil records that the family state possible Mesozoic origin of Heweria. was cosmopolitan during the Mesozoic. Matoniostipes mesozoica (Nishida 1973) is Fossils that are comparable to the the first record of permineralized matoniaceous Matoniaceae are being found ever since the fossil in the world from the Lower Cretaceous Triassic. Triassic. lmpression or compression fossils of Chiba Prefecture ，J apan. It is emended by such as Phlebopteris Brongniart (1 836) (= reexaminations of type specimen. The fossil Laccopteris Laccopteris Presll838) (the Upper Triassic to which will be described here is a fern rhizome the the Cretaceous) and Matonidium Schenk collected by the first and third authors from the (1871) (1871) (J urassic and Cretaceous) have shown Upper Cretaceous of Yubari City ，Hokkaido. worldwide distribution. Delo ωsorusSk ωog(1988) It has a tricyclic stele characteristic of a i臼s an Ame 口r-lC 咽 matoniaceous rhizome. The rhizome is com- Cretaceous. Cretaceous. These are all impression or com- pared to the early described fossils and living pression foliage. The first record of Matonia ，and is designated here as a new permineralized permineralized matoniaceous rhizome is based genus of the Matoniaceae. 一一 26 一一 February February 1998 Journal of Japanese Botany Vo l. 73 No. 1 27 Materials Materials and Methods consisting of scalariform tracheids and xylem Specimen No. 82301 is a permineralized parenchyma ， lacking cavity parenchyma fern fern rhizome 6 mm long and 4 mm in diameter ， near protoxylem. Each stele surrounded by with with fairly well preserved histology. It is cy- sclerenchyma tissue consisting of thick - walled lindrical lindrical in original shape ， but one-third of it is cells. degenerated degenerated or lost during the diagenesis. The Etymology. The genus name originates from specimen specimen is embedded in a calcareous nodule the tricyclic stele of rhizome. found found from the riverbed of the Yubari River ， Tricyclopteris japonocretacea H. Nishida ， along along downstream from Hakobuchi dam ， A. Y oshida & Nishida ， sp. nov. Ohyubari ， Yubari City ，Hokkaido ，J apan. The Species diagnosis. As that of the genus. nodule nodule containing the fossil also include ma- Etymology. The specific epithet means the rine rine fauna and shows lithological features of fossil occurrence (J apan) and age (Cretaceous). the the nodules derived from the Upper Creta- Deposition. Micropreparations of the holotype ceous ceous Middle or Upper Yezo Group (Turonian- specimen (No. 82301) is housed in the Labo- Santonian) ，which are widely distributed along ratory ofPhylogenetic Botany ， Faculty of Sci- the the Yubari Rive r. A cyatheaceous tree fern ence ，Chiba University ， Japan. petiole ，Thyrsopterorachis (H. Nishida and Description. Rhizome cylindrical ， without Nishida Nishida 1979) has been described from the prominent dorsiventrality ， 4.0 mm in diameter same area. GeologicaI information should be and with tricyclic stele. The outer and middle referred referred to the previous paper (H. Nishida and steles amphiphloic solenostele ，and the inner a Nishida Nishida 1979). Micropreparations were made protostele (Fig. 2). Epidermis eroded and los t. by ordinary peel method (Joy et al. 1956) using Hypodermallayer consists of sclerenchyma of 1.8% hydrochloric acid as an etching reagen t. 2- 3 cells thick; cells rectangular in cross sec- We used micropreparations of Matonia tion ，12.5-25μm in diamete r. Outer cortex 3- pectinata pectinata made by the late Pro f. P. Maheshwari ， 5 cells wide ，composed ofthick-walled paren- India ， for comparison. chyma ， while inner cortex 7-10 cells wide ， Micropreparations Micropreparations of the type specimen of composed of thin- walled ce Il s; ce Il s 65-75μm Matoniostipes Matoniostipes being deposited at Chiba Uni- in diameter (Fig. 2). Each stelar ring sur- versity versity were compared to the fossil rhizome. rounded by a sclerenchyma sheath of 5-7 cells thick. thick. The sclerenchyma cells 25-37.5μmm Results Results diameter(Figs. 3，4 and 6). Endodermis mostly Taxonomic treatment degraded. Diameter of stelar rings 2.0 mm in Class Class Filicopsida the outer ， 0.9-1.0 mm in the middle and 0.2 Order Filices Leptosporangiatae mm in the central protostele. In the external Family Matoniaceae C. Presl (1 847) stelar ring ， the xylem plate slightly undulates Genus Tricyclopteris H. Nishida ，A. in the inner contour (Fig. 2，between arrows). Yoshida & Nishida ， gen. nov. The xylem chiefly endarch or rarely mesarch Type species. T.japonocretacea H. Nishida ， with ca. 15 protoxylem points.. Metaxylem A. A. Yoshida & Nishida sp. nov. (Figs. 2-6). tracheids have scalariform wall thickening. Diagnosis Diagnosis of the genus. Permineralized fern The most part of phloem degenerated. Xylem rhizome with tricyclic stele; outer and middle mass of the central protostele centrarch and stelar stelar rings amphiphloic and with chiefly consists of less than 10 ce Il s (Fig. 4). Cavity endarch endarch or a few mesarch xylem; innermost parenchyma absent near protoxylem (Fig. 5). stele stele ectophloic centrarch protostele; xylem Affinity. the slender elongated rhizome with 28 28 植物研究雑誌第73 巻第1号 平成10 年2月 Fig. Fig. 1. Cross section of rhizome of living Matonia pectinata showing tricyclic solenostele. Each stelar stelar ring is surrounded by sclerenchyma sheath. Inner contour of the outer ring undulate. U pper side side of rhizome to the righ t. Scale bar: 1 mm. Fig. 2. Cross section of rhizome of Tricyclopteris japonocretacea japonocretacea gen. et sp. nov. ，showing tricyclic stele ， sclerenchyma sheath ，and xylem plate folding folding (between two arrowheads). Scale bar: 0.5 mm. Abbreviations. Abbreviations. Ab: abaxial side ，Ad: adaxial side ， ed: endodermis ， oc: outer cortex ， p: parenchyma ， ph: phloem ， px: protoxylem ，sc: sclerenchyma sheath ， vb: vascular bundle ， x: xylem. xylem. February February 1998 Journa1 of Japanese Botany Vo l. 73 No. 1 29 Figs.3-6. Figs.3-6. Tricyclopterisjaponomesozoica gen. et sp. nov. Fig. 3. Part of outer stelarring ， showing amphiphloic amphiphloic concentric bundle with endarch xylem and surrounding sclerenchyma sheath. Scale Scale bar: 100μm. Fig. 4. Stelar rings enlarged. Scale bar: 100μm. Fig. 5. Outer stelar ring enlarged ， showing absence of cavity parenchyma near protoxylem. Scale bar: 50μm. Fig. 6. Part of of middle stelar ring enlarged. Scale bar: 50μm. 30 植物研究雑誌第73 巻第1号 平成10 年2月 tricyclic tricyclic stele structurally characterizes some parts (Fig. 2，between arrowheads). Tricyclopteris. Tricyclopteris. The amphiphloic concentric The slender rhizome of Tricyclopteris re- bundles bundles and xy lem maturation ，which is chiefl y sembles that of Phanerosorus which is 3 mm endarch endarch or rarely mesarch ， are also character- in diameter ， while Matonia rhizomes range istic istic features. The stelar configuration and from 9 to 10 mm in diamete r. Howeve r. the presence of endodermis attribute the stele of Phanerosorus is dicyclic. Tricyclopteris Tricyclopteris to leptosporangiate ferns. In the Matonia rhizome is characteristic in having living living leptosporangiate ferns ， a polycyclic stele cavity parenchyma near protoxylem (Holder occurs occurs inAcrostichum ，Dennstaedtia ，Matonia ， 1925) (Figs. 7 and 8). Such cavity parenchyma Pteris ，Saccoloma ，and Thyrsopteris (Bower is absent in Tricyclopteris (Fig. 5). 1918 ，1926 ， 1928; Ogura 1972). Acrostichum ， Sharma and Bohra (1 978) reported a Saccoloma and Thyrsopteris differ from Matonia-like silicified rhizome with tricyclic Tricyclopteris Tricyclopteris in having nests of medullary stele
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ferns of the Lower Jurassic from the Mecsek Mountains (Hungary): Taxonomy and Palaeoecology
    PalZ (2019) 93:151–185 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12542-018-0430-8 RESEARCH PAPER Ferns of the Lower Jurassic from the Mecsek Mountains (Hungary): taxonomy and palaeoecology Maria Barbacka1,2 · Evelyn Kustatscher3,4,5 · Emese R. Bodor6,7 Received: 7 July 2017 / Accepted: 26 July 2018 / Published online: 20 September 2018 © The Author(s) 2018 Abstract Ferns are the most diverse group in the Early Jurassic plant assemblage of the Mecsek Mountains in southern Hungary and, considering their abundance and diversity, are an important element of the flora. Five families were recognized so far from the locality; these are, in order of abundance, the Dipteridaceae (48% of collected fern remains), Matoniaceae (25%), Osmun- daceae (21%), Marattiaceae (6%) and Dicksoniaceae (three specimens). Ferns are represented by 14 taxa belonging to nine genera: Marattiopsis hoerensis, Todites princeps, Todites goeppertianus, Phlebopteris angustiloba, Phlebopteris kirchneri Barbacka and Kustatscher sp. nov., Matonia braunii, Thaumatopteris brauniana, Clathropteris meniscoides, Dictyophyl- lum nilssoni, Dictyophyllum rugosum, Cladophlebis denticulata, Cladophlebis haiburnensis, Cladophlebis roessertii, and Coniopteris sp. Ferns from the Mecsek Mts. are rarely found in association with other plants. They co-occur mostly with leaves of Nilssonia, leaflets of Sagenopteris, and rarely with other plants. The most commonly co-occurring fern species is P. kirchneri Barbacka and Kustatscher sp. nov. According to our statistical approach (PCA, Ward cluster analysis), the fern taxa cluster in four groups corresponding to their environmental preferences, determined by moisture and disturbance. Most taxa grew in monospecific thickets in disturbed areas; a few probably formed bushes in mixed assemblages, whereas one taxon, P. kirchneri, probably was a component of the understorey in a stable, developed succession of humid environments.
    [Show full text]
  • Middle Jurassic Plant Diversity and Climate in the Ordos Basin, China Yun-Feng Lia, B, *, Hongshan Wangc, David L
    ISSN 0031-0301, Paleontological Journal, 2019, Vol. 53, No. 11, pp. 1216–1235. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2019. Middle Jurassic Plant Diversity and Climate in the Ordos Basin, China Yun-Feng Lia, b, *, Hongshan Wangc, David L. Dilchera, b, d, E. Bugdaevae, Xiao Tana, b, d, Tao Lia, b, Yu-Ling Naa, b, and Chun-Lin Suna, b, ** aKey Laboratory for Evolution of Past Life and Environment in Northeast Asia, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130026 China bResearch Center of Palaeontology and Stratigraphy, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130026 China cFlorida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611 USA dDepartment of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, 47405 USA eFederal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690022 Russia *e-mail: [email protected] **e-mail: [email protected] Received April 3, 2018; revised November 29, 2018; accepted December 28, 2018 Abstract—The Ordos Basin is one of the largest continental sedimentary basins and it represents one major and famous production area of coal, oil and gas resources in China. The Jurassic non-marine deposits are well developed and cropped out in the basin. The Middle Jurassic Yan’an Formation is rich in coal and con- tains diverse plant remains. We recognize 40 species in 25 genera belonging to mosses, horsetails, ferns, cycadophytes, ginkgoaleans, czekanowskialeans and conifers. This flora is attributed to the early Middle Jurassic Epoch, possibly the Aalenian-Bajocian. The climate of the Ordos Basin during the Middle Jurassic was warm and humid with seasonal temperature and precipitation fluctuations.
    [Show full text]
  • A Biographical Index of British and Irish Botanists
    L Biographical Index of British and Irish Botanists. TTTEN & BOULGER, A BIOaEAPHICAL INDEX OF BKITISH AND IRISH BOTANISTS. BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX OF BRITISH AND IRISH BOTANISTS COMPILED BY JAMES BEITTEN, F.L.S. SENIOR ASSISTANT, DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY, BBITISH MUSEUM AKD G. S. BOULGEE, E.L. S., F. G. S. PROFESSOR OF BOTANY, CITY OF LONDON COLLEGE LONDON WEST, NEWMAN & CO 54 HATTON GARDEN 1893 LONDON PRINTED BY WEST, NEWMAN AND HATTON GAEDEN PEEFACE. A FEW words of explanation as to the object and scope of this Index may fitly appear as an introduction to the work. It is intended mainly as a guide to further information, and not as a bibliography or biography. We have been liberal in including all who have in any way contributed to the literature of Botany, who have made scientific collections of plants, or have otherwise assisted directly in the progress of Botany, exclusive of pure Horticulture. We have not, as a rule, included those who were merely patrons of workers, or those known only as contributing small details to a local Flora. Where known, the name is followed by the years of birth and death, which, when uncertain, are marked with a ? or c. [circa) ; or merely approximate dates of "flourishing" are given. Then follows the place and day of bu'th and death, and the place of burial ; a brief indication of social position or occupation, espe- cially in the cases of artisan botanists and of professional collectors; chief university degrees, or other titles or offices held, and dates of election to the Linnean and Eoyal Societies.
    [Show full text]
  • PROGRAMME ABSTRACTS AGM Papers
    The Palaeontological Association 63rd Annual Meeting 15th–21st December 2019 University of Valencia, Spain PROGRAMME ABSTRACTS AGM papers Palaeontological Association 6 ANNUAL MEETING ANNUAL MEETING Palaeontological Association 1 The Palaeontological Association 63rd Annual Meeting 15th–21st December 2019 University of Valencia The programme and abstracts for the 63rd Annual Meeting of the Palaeontological Association are provided after the following information and summary of the meeting. An easy-to-navigate pocket guide to the Meeting is also available to delegates. Venue The Annual Meeting will take place in the faculties of Philosophy and Philology on the Blasco Ibañez Campus of the University of Valencia. The Symposium will take place in the Salon Actos Manuel Sanchis Guarner in the Faculty of Philology. The main meeting will take place in this and a nearby lecture theatre (Salon Actos, Faculty of Philosophy). There is a Metro stop just a few metres from the campus that connects with the centre of the city in 5-10 minutes (Line 3-Facultats). Alternatively, the campus is a 20-25 minute walk from the ‘old town’. Registration Registration will be possible before and during the Symposium at the entrance to the Salon Actos in the Faculty of Philosophy. During the main meeting the registration desk will continue to be available in the Faculty of Philosophy. Oral Presentations All speakers (apart from the symposium speakers) have been allocated 15 minutes. It is therefore expected that you prepare to speak for no more than 12 minutes to allow time for questions and switching between presenters. We have a number of parallel sessions in nearby lecture theatres so timing will be especially important.
    [Show full text]
  • Characteristics of Early Cretaceous Wildfires in Peat-Forming Environment, NE China Shuai Wang, Long-Yi Shao*, Zhi-Ming Yan, Ming-Jian Shi and Yun-He Zhang
    Wang et al. Journal of Palaeogeography (2019) 8:17 https://doi.org/10.1186/s42501-019-0035-5 Journal of Palaeogeography ORIGINAL ARTICLE Open Access Characteristics of Early Cretaceous wildfires in peat-forming environment, NE China Shuai Wang, Long-Yi Shao*, Zhi-Ming Yan, Ming-Jian Shi and Yun-He Zhang Abstract Inertinite maceral compositions in coals from the Early Cretaceous Erlian, Hailar, and Sanjiang Basins in NE China are analyzed in order to reveal palaeowildfire events and palaeoclimate variations. Although huminite is the dominant maceral group in the studied basins, the inertinite group, as a byproduct of palaeowildfires, makes up a considerable proportion. Occurrence of inertinite macerals indicates that wildfires were widespread and frequent, and supports the opinion that the Early Cretaceous was a “high-fire” interval. Inertinite contents vary from 0.2% to 85.0%, mostly within the range of 10%–45%, and a model-based calculation suggests that the atmospheric oxygen levels during the Aptian and Albian (Early Cretaceous) were around 24.7% and 25.3% respectively. Frequent fire activity during Early Cretaceous has been previously related to higher atmospheric oxygen concentrations. The inertinite reflectance, ranging from 0.58%Ro to 2.00%Ro, indicates that the palaeowildfire in the Early Cretaceous was dominated by ground fires, partially reaching-surface fires. These results further support that the Cretaceous earliest angiosperms from NE China were growing in elevated O2 conditions compared to the present day. Keywords: Inertinite, Coal, Wildfire, Palaeo-atmospheric oxygen level, Angiosperm, Early Cretaceous, NE China 1 Introduction 2004;Bowmanetal.2009). The minimum oxygen content As a byproduct of peatland evolution under the common that can support combustion in nature is 15% (Belcher influence of geological conditions including palaeoclimate, and McElwain 2008).
    [Show full text]
  • Early Cenomanian Palynofloras and Inferred Resiniferous
    Early Cenomanian palynofloras and inferred resiniferous forests and vegetation types in Charentes (southwestern France) Daniel Peyrot, Eduardo Barron, France Polette, David Batten, Didier Néraudeau To cite this version: Daniel Peyrot, Eduardo Barron, France Polette, David Batten, Didier Néraudeau. Early Cenomanian palynofloras and inferred resiniferous forests and vegetation types in Charentes (southwestern France). Cretaceous Research, Elsevier, 2019, 94, pp.168-189. 10.1016/j.cretres.2018.10.011. insu-01897273 HAL Id: insu-01897273 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01897273 Submitted on 17 Oct 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Accepted Manuscript Early Cenomanian palynofloras and inferred resiniferous forests and vegetation types in Charentes (southwestern France) Daniel Peyrot, Eduardo Barrón, France Polette, David J. Batten, Didier Néraudeau PII: S0195-6671(18)30252-0 DOI: 10.1016/j.cretres.2018.10.011 Reference: YCRES 3988 To appear in: Cretaceous Research Received Date: 21 June 2018 Revised Date: 19 September 2018 Accepted Date: 12 October 2018 Please cite this article as: Peyrot, D., Barrón, E., Polette, F., Batten, D.J., Néraudeau, D., Early Cenomanian palynofloras and inferred resiniferous forests and vegetation types in Charentes (southwestern France), Cretaceous Research (2018), doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2018.10.011.
    [Show full text]
  • A New Ornithischian Dinosaur and the Terrestrial Vertebrate Fauna from a Bone Bed in the Wealden of Ardingly, West Sussex
    Maidment et al. in press. Proceedings of the Geologists’ Association A new ornithischian dinosaur and the terrestrial vertebrate fauna from a bone bed in the Wealden of Ardingly, West Sussex Susannah C. R. Maidment1,2*, Chloe Kirkpatrick1, Brian Craik-Smith3,4 & Jane E. Blythe3 1Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom. 2Current address: School of Environment and Technology, University of Brighton, Lewes Road, Brighton, BN2 4GJ. 3Science Department, Ardingly College, College Lane, Ardingly, nr Haywards Heath, West Sussex, RH17 6SQ, United Kingdom. 4Current address: Pinecroft, Flower Farm Close, Henfield, West Sussex, BN5 9 QA, United Kingdom. *Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract The Wealden Supergroup of south-east England has long been of interest to palaeontologists because of its diverse flora and fauna. The Supergroup is Early Cretaceous in age, occupying the time period immediately after the enigmatic end-Jurassic extinction. Wealden faunas therefore have the potential to be informative about the tempo and mode of post-extinction recovery, but due to lack of exposure in this densely populated part of southern England, are difficult to sample. In the summer of 2012, a number of ex situ fossiliferous blocks of sandstone, siltstone and limestone were discovered from building excavations at Ardingly College, near Haywards Heath in West Sussex. The sedimentology of the blocks indicates that they are from the Valanginian Maidment et al. in press. Proceedings of the Geologists’ Association Hastings Group, and that Ardingly College is underlain by the Grinstead Clay Formation, rather than the Ardingly Sandstone Member.
    [Show full text]
  • Wessex Basin of Southern England - Field Trip Guide
    CENTRAL & NORTH ATLANTIC CONJUGATE MARGINS CONFERENCE DUBLIN 2012 THIRD CONJUGATE MARGINS CONFERENCE 2012 Basin development and hydrocarbon systems of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic THE WESSEX BASIN OF SOUTHERN ENGLAND - FIELD TRIP GUIDE www.conjugatemargins.ie Third Conjugate Margins Conference‐ DUBLIN 2012 The Wessex Basin of Southern England‐ Field Trip guide Basin Development & Hydrocarbon systems of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic Leaders: Professor Grant Wach, Department of Earth Sciences, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada Grant Wach was appointed Professor of Petroleum Geoscience at Dalhousie University in 2002. A specialist in Reservoir Characterization and Stratigraphy, his interest in complex oil reservoirs began at Syncrude, in the oil sands of Alberta. Prior to Dalhousie he was with Exxon (now ExxonMobil) and was Geoscience Research Associate at Texaco (now Chevron) involved with exploration and commercialization with business units around the globe. He has conducted research on, and led field schools and courses in exploration, development and reservoir characterization in several countries. In 2012 he was the first recipient of “Professor of the Year” award from the AAPG Foundation. Professor Wach has an Honours B.A.(Geography/Geology) from the University of Western Ontario, a M.Sc. (Geology) from South Carolina, and a D.Phil. (Geology) from the University of Oxford. He can be contacted at +1‐902‐494‐2358; [email protected]. Professor Stephen Hesselbo, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford and St. Peter’s College,
    [Show full text]
  • Repeated Occurrence of Palaeo-Wildfires During Deposition
    El Atfy et al. Journal of Palaeogeography (2019) 8:28 https://doi.org/10.1186/s42501-019-0042-6 Journal of Palaeogeography ORIGINALARTICLE Open Access Repeated occurrence of palaeo-wildfires during deposition of the Bahariya Formation (early Cenomanian) of Egypt Haytham El Atfy1, Tarek Anan1, André Jasper2,3 and Dieter Uhl3,4* Abstract The Upper Cretaceous (early Cenomanian) Bahariya Formation of Egypt has an outstanding reputation for its wealth of vertebrate remains, including a variety of iconic dinosaurs, like the carnivorous Spinosaurus and Carcharodontosaurus,as well as the herbivorous Aegyptosaurus and Paralititan. Besides these dinosaur fossils, the Bahariya Formation yielded also a wealth of invertebrate and plant remains, but even today many aspects concerning the continental palaeoenvironments reflected in these deposits (including the occurrence of palaeo-wildfires) have not been studied in detail. So far six distinct macro-charcoal bearing levels could be identified within the type section of the Bahariya Formation at Gabal El Dist profile, one of the most prolific outcrops of this formation in terms of fossil occurrence located in the north of the Bahariya Oasis, Western Desert, Egypt. Most of the charcoal investigated by means of SEM originates from ferns, pointing to a considerable proportion of this plant group within the palaeo-ecosystems that experienced fires. Gymnosperms and (putative) angiosperms have less frequently been identified. The collected data present evidence that the landscapes at the northern shores of Gondwana repeatedly experienced palaeo-wildfires, adding extra proof to previous statements that the Late Cretaceous was a fiery world on a global scale. Keywords: Bahariya Oasis, Gabal El Dist, Charcoal, Wildfire, Dinosaurs, Upper Cretaceous, Early Cenomanian, Egypt 1 Introduction et al.
    [Show full text]
  • The Thick- Ness
    BLUMEA 38 (1993) 167-172 A taxonomic study of the genus Matonia(Matoniaceae) Masahiro Kato Botanical Gardens, Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo, 3-7-1 Hakusan, Tokyo 112, Japan Summary A morphological comparison shows that Matonia consists of two species, M. foxworthyi and M. pectinata, which are distinguished by a few characters including the number of pinnae and the presence/absence of hairs on the costae. Introduction Matoniais a small genus which together withPhanerosorus, with two species (Kato & Iwatsuki, 1985), constitutes the phylogenetically and systematically isolatedfamily Matoniaceae(Andrews & Boureau, 1970; Kramer, 1990). A few species have been describedunderMatonia.Matoniapectinata was first described from the Malay Pe- ninsula Brown who established the by R. (Wallich, 1829) genus Matonia.Matonia sarmentosa was a second species, described by Baker (1887) and later transferred to the genus Phanerosorus by Copeland (1908). Matoniafoxworthyi was described from Sarawak by Copeland (1908). Matoniadiffers distinctly fromPhanerosorus in its pedate leaves with a central pinna. The species taxonomy of Matonia is not settled. Christensen & Holttum (1934) and Kramer (1990) doubted distinctness of M. pectinata and M. foxworthyi, and Parris et al. (1992) combined the two species into M. pectinata. Copeland (1908), Holttum (1968) and Tan & Tolentino (1987) regarded them as independent species. The differencesin these treatments are due to different evaluationof whetherthe vari- ation of diagnostic characters is continuous or discontinuous between the species (Christensen & Holttum, 1934). The most disputed character is the shape of pinna- in segments: they are falcate M. pectinata and only weakly so in M. foxworthyi. In revise the of the author an attempt to taxonomy Matonia, tested in the present study whether the two species are morphologically separable or not.
    [Show full text]
  • Osmunda Pulchella Sp. Nov. from the Jurassic of Sweden
    Bomfleur et al. BMC Evolutionary Biology (2015) 15:126 DOI 10.1186/s12862-015-0400-7 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Osmunda pulchella sp. nov. from the Jurassic of Sweden—reconciling molecular and fossil evidence in the phylogeny of modern royal ferns (Osmundaceae) Benjamin Bomfleur1*, Guido W. Grimm1,2 and Stephen McLoughlin1 Abstract Background: The classification of royal ferns (Osmundaceae) has long remained controversial. Recent molecular phylogenies indicate that Osmunda is paraphyletic and needs to be separated into Osmundastrum and Osmunda s.str. Here, however, we describe an exquisitely preserved Jurassic Osmunda rhizome (O. pulchella sp. nov.) that combines diagnostic features of both Osmundastrum and Osmunda, calling molecular evidence for paraphyly into question. We assembled a new morphological matrix based on rhizome anatomy, and used network analyses to establish phylogenetic relationships between fossil and extant members of modern Osmundaceae. We re-analysed the original molecular data to evaluate root-placement support. Finally, we integrated morphological and molecular data-sets using the evolutionary placement algorithm. Results: Osmunda pulchella and five additional Jurassic rhizome species show anatomical character suites intermediate between Osmundastrum and Osmunda. Molecular evidence for paraphyly is ambiguous: a previously unrecognized signal from spacer sequences favours an alternative root placement that would resolve Osmunda s.l. as monophyletic. Our evolutionary placement analysis identifies fossil species as probable ancestral members of modern genera and subgenera, which accords with recent evidence from Bayesian dating. Conclusions: Osmunda pulchella is likely a precursor of the Osmundastrum lineage. The recently proposed root placement in Osmundaceae—based solely on molecular data—stems from possibly misinformative outgroup signals in rbcL and atpA genes.
    [Show full text]
  • Systematics and Biogeography of the Clusioid Clade (Malpighiales) Brad R
    Eastern Kentucky University Encompass Biological Sciences Faculty and Staff Research Biological Sciences January 2011 Systematics and Biogeography of the Clusioid Clade (Malpighiales) Brad R. Ruhfel Eastern Kentucky University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://encompass.eku.edu/bio_fsresearch Part of the Plant Biology Commons Recommended Citation Ruhfel, Brad R., "Systematics and Biogeography of the Clusioid Clade (Malpighiales)" (2011). Biological Sciences Faculty and Staff Research. Paper 3. http://encompass.eku.edu/bio_fsresearch/3 This is brought to you for free and open access by the Biological Sciences at Encompass. It has been accepted for inclusion in Biological Sciences Faculty and Staff Research by an authorized administrator of Encompass. For more information, please contact [email protected]. HARVARD UNIVERSITY Graduate School of Arts and Sciences DISSERTATION ACCEPTANCE CERTIFICATE The undersigned, appointed by the Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology have examined a dissertation entitled Systematics and biogeography of the clusioid clade (Malpighiales) presented by Brad R. Ruhfel candidate for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and hereby certify that it is worthy of acceptance. Signature Typed name: Prof. Charles C. Davis Signature ( ^^^M^ *-^£<& Typed name: Profy^ndrew I^4*ooll Signature / / l^'^ i •*" Typed name: Signature Typed name Signature ^ft/V ^VC^L • Typed name: Prof. Peter Sfe^cnS* Date: 29 April 2011 Systematics and biogeography of the clusioid clade (Malpighiales) A dissertation presented by Brad R. Ruhfel to The Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the subject of Biology Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts May 2011 UMI Number: 3462126 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted.
    [Show full text]