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[Catalog of Historic StructuresJ
Martin Luther King, Jr., National Historic Site and Preservation District
United States Department of the Interior I National Park Service r~ I
I WELCOME I
You are invited to tour the Sweet Auburn community of Atlanta~ story of the Sweet Auburn community and the reason those of us I ~one of the richest historical resources to commemorate black who have been working on this project are so excited about the Americans in the United States. This book catalogs the more than extent of the resource and the depth of history it conveys. Sweet 300 historic structures from this community that are now within Auburn remains an active community, and the people who I the Martin Luther King, Jr., National Historic Site and Preservation maintain their homes and businesses here add a living dimension to District. Dr. King was born in the house at 501 Auburn, and he the historic site and a sense of continuity to the heritage it projects. learned, worshipped, taught, and carried out some of his most As you look through this book we hope that you will gain an I important work for the civil rights movement in other buildings appreciation for the wealth of buildings contained by the site and an along the avenue. Most of the places Dr. King knew from his understanding of the achievements they represent. With your help, boyhood still exist, preserving the opportunity to envision his we can work together to preserve this outstanding resource and to I community and, through it, to better understand his life and work. learn more about black Americans in the 20th century. The inclusion of a large cross section of Sweet Auburn within the historic site and preservation district affords the opportunity to I view Dr. King and the civil rights movement as an outgrowth of ~c;-/ generations of prominent and successful black business people, educators, entertainers, politicians, and professionals, and of the Superintendent, G I major economic and social institutions they created. This is the Martin Luther King, Jr. National Historic Site I I I I I DOWNTOWN I 75-16 ATLANTA QEO .. GIA lffSTITUTE
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------~....::..... I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Preservation District I 3 I I I INTRODUCTION I
This book is intended to provide an ongoing record of the history of a structure is also urged to contact the park staff. I structures in the Martin Luther King, Jr., National Historic Site and The catalog of structures is organized into three parts that Preservation District. It includes a photograph of each historic correspond to the national historic site and the two sections of the structure in its present condition, and also a historic photograph of preservation district ("Sweet Auburn," the commercial section, I the structure if available. Anyone who has or who knows of historic and "Old Fourth Ward," the residential section). photographs of the area is urged to contact the park staff at ( 404) All the structures listed were built during the historic period and 221~5 190. There are also spaces for photographs of structures once contribute to the overall historic fabric of the area. Although most I they are restored or rehabilitated. It is our hope that the book will of them are not nationally significant individually, when taken become more complete in future editions. together they represent a cultural resource that is extremely The narratives accompanying each photograph briefly describe important to Atlanta, the Southeast, and the United States. Those I the history of the structures, but they are not intended to be a buildings designated with an asterisk (*)have been determined by comprehensive discussion. Anyone who is interested in learning the National Park Service staff to be of primary significance~~that is, more about a particular structure or who has information about the they are individually important. I I I I I I 4 I I HISTORICAL OVERVIEW I Just after the beginning of the 20th century, relations between Yates & Milton), which was founded by Georgia's first black I blacks and whites living in Atlanta worsened, and segregation pharmacist and grew to be a major chain of retail outlets in the city. became more formal. Blacks began moving into the Auburn Blacks made their livings on the west end of Auburn and lived on Avenue area as whites left for other parts of the city. By 1920, the east end. The Old Fourth Ward became a very stable black I Auburn Avenue was the black business center of the Southeast. residential community where many prominent black educators, Because blacks couldn't shop, eat, be entertained, bank, hold ministers, businessmen, and politicians lived. Many of the houses meetings, buy insurance, or stay overnight in downtown Atlanta, are still owned by the families that lived there in the early 1900s. I they built their own business center in the Auburn area. By the Social, religious, and cultural institutions flourished in the 1930's, Auburn Avenue was so successful thatJohn Wesley Dobbs, Auburn community. Several important churches, including Big a leading businessman and politician, called it "Sweet Auburn" Bethel AME Church, Whe~t Street Baptist Church, and Ebenezer I because of the social and economic success blacks were able to Baptist Church, served as important centers of social life. In achieve there. addition, the churches were an important part of the civil rights In the early part of this century, the area encompassed by the movement in· Atlanta in the 1950s and the 1960s. The Butler Street I Martin Luther King, Jr., National Historic Site and Preservation YMCA, founded in the basement of Wheat Street Baptist Church, District was an almost self~contained black community. Many has long been an important force in the life of black Atlanta. The important businesses started and thrived on Auburn, among them first black policemen used a room in the Y to change because they I the Citizens Trust Bank, which by 1951 had become the third were not welcome in the police department's locker room. Most of largest black~owned bank in the country; Atlanta Life Insurance Atlanta's young black men belonged to the Y and used it as a Company, the largest black~owned stockholder life insurance recreation center, and the Hungry Club luncheons held at the Y I company in the United States; and the Gate City Drug Store (later have been an important forum for black and white politicians in I Atlanta since the 1940s. I I I I I Neoclassical ~ Atlanta Life Insurance Co. Headquarters 5 Gothic Revival~ Wheat Street Baptist Church I I I I I I I Romanesque Revival ~ Big Bethel A.M.E. Church I Black Atlantans also came to Auburn for less formal socializing. In 1954, Or. King was catapulted to a leadership position during The Top Hat Nightclub (later the Royal Peacock) hosted top the bus boycott in Montgomery, Alabama, and became an performers such as Bessie Smith, Louis Armstrong, B.B. King, the important leader in the civil rights movement. In 1960 he moved I Supremes, and Gladys Knight and the Pips. In addition, the roof back to Atlanta, where as president of the Southern Christian garden in the Odd Fellows Building, the Royal Hotel, and the many Leadership Conference, headquartered on Auburn Avenue, he led restaurants that lined the avenue gave it a reputation as the center of a national campaign to end segregation. In international recognition I nightlife. of his leadership, Or. King was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in Martin Luther King, Jr., was born in 1929 at 501 Auburn 1964. In 1960 Or. King had become co-pastor of Ebenezer Baptist Avenue. His grandfather, Rev. Adam Daniel Williams, and later his Church, and he remained active in the political and social life of I father were pastors of Ebenezer Baptist Church. Living in the midst Auburn Avenue. After his assassination in 1968 his funeral was of the phenomenally successful Sweet Auburn community, Martin held at Ebenezer. He is buried at the Freedom Hall Complex, learned what blacks could achieve even in the face of legal adjacent to the church. I segregation. The stable social, economic, and religious community had a strong influence on Martin and helped him form convictions about civil rights and what blacks could accomplish. Martin lived I on Auburn Avenue until 1941, when his family moved to Boulevard, just north of the Preservation District. He continued to I live in the Old Fourth Ward until 1948, when he left Atlanta to pursue his academic career. 6 I I ARCHITECTURAL OVERVIEW I The architectural styles within the historic site and preservation district reflect a regional response to popular trends in American I architecture. The area's built environment was shaped primarily by the diverse social, economic, and political conditions which existed in Atlanta throughout the late 19th and early 20th centuries; I however, the community is continuously evolving and contains buildings ranging in date of construction from the 1890s to the present. I Three distinct building types characterize the area: residential, commercial, and ecclesiastical. No one particular architectural style predominates. Indeed, most buildings represent modifications of I historic building styles, resulting in diverse vernacular architectural expressions. Although only a few of the area's buildings represent a pure expression of a historic building style, discussion of these "Shotgun" of the late victorian era I styles is a useful way of recognizing and encouraging the appreciation of the area's unique architectural heritage. The porches constitute one of the most distinguishing features of the I preservation of this heritage is of critical importance to the residential buildings, since they usually extend the length of the continuation of a vital community. facades and are often embellished with wooden decorative The majority of the buildings are residential and include the ornament. The architectural styles which characterize the majority I detached single-family houses (often a "shotgun" plan), detached of residential buildings are the Queen Anne style and the Bungalow two-family duplexes, and multifamily buildings or apartment style. complexes. The older residential buildings are characterized by I rectangular floor plans, masonry pier foundations, one- or two story heights, steep roofs, wood siding, rectangular door and I window openings, and porches oriented parallel to the street. The I I I I Paired "Shotgun" of the late Victorian era 7 Simple Queen Anne cottage I I I I I Richardsonian Romanesque - Fire station #6 The commercial buildings are characterized by ground-story Although there are only a small number of ecclesiastical buildings I storefronts, minimal building setback from the property lines, flat in the area, their architectural expressions make them very visible, roofs with parapet walls, and limited use of decorative ornament. as they are characterized by monumental facades, massive The original designs of many of the commercial buildings have been foundations, and irregular rooflines embellished with spires or I obscured by alterations at the ground level or by the placement of towers. These buildings are used by the community for more than signs. Many of these changes, however, were instituted during the just religious purposes, and as such, these structures are the most historical period (1890 to 1968) and constitute major components recognizable and identifiable elements of the area's built I of the historic visual environment. Most of the commercial environment. The architectural styles which characterize the buildings were constructed of brick, which was combined with ecclesiastical buildings are the Gothic Revival and Romanesque other construction material in a wide range of architectural styles, Revival. I including Neo-Classical, Victorian Romanesque,Jacobean Revival, and Art Moderne. I I I I I 8 I I I I SWEET AUBURN I Most of the community's commercial structures are situated in I this area along Auburn Avenue between Courtland and Jackson. The majority were constructed prior to 1930. Three large office buildings gave blacks the office, meeting, and retail space that was I denied to them in downtown Atlanta: the Rucker Building, constructed by Henry Rucker, the first black collector of internal revenue in Georgia; the Odd Fellows Building, built by Benjamin I Jefferson Davis, a leading businessman on Auburn; and the Herndon Building, built by millionaire Atlanta Life founder Alonzo Herndon to compete with Davis's building across the street. In all I there were more than 100 business and professional offices in the area by 1930, ranging from the major banking and insurance companies to small personal service shops. I Auburn businesses came through the Great Depression successfully. In the late 1940s the area became the center of the civil rights movement in Atlanta. The Sweet Auburn area remained the I center of black Atlanta until a population shift of the majority of the Atlanta black community to another part of the city destroyed its economic base. The historically significant period for this area I begins in 1890, when blacks first began moving here, and it ends in 1968, when Dr. King died. By that time, Atlanta's black economic I and social center had moved to the area around the Atlanta University complex on the western side of town. I I I 9 ~~=R~~N~D~~\ J ~:::::::::::::======--1 J ~ I: r- I I : i I ~ tJ:j I z~ > I J c~ rr1 I - I - ( I
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I 142 Auburn Avenue: 148 Auburn: Adanta Life Insurance annex. Atlanta Life Insurance Company I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I
* 142 Auburn Avenue: Atlanta Life Insurance Company Annex. 1936. Built by A.H. Aiken. This building was constructed when the growth of the Atlanta Life Insurance I Company made expansion necessary. Atlanta Life was founded by Alonzo Herndon, who was born a slave in 1858. Atlanta Life was started in 1905 as an amalgamation of black insurance associations started by churches and other groups to provide sickness and burial assistance to their members. (White companies did not offer health and life * 148 Auburn: Atlanta Life Insurance Company. pre-1892. Originally a residence, this I ansurance to blacks.). Today Atlanta Life IS the largest black-owned stockholder life snucrure housed the Atlanta Life Insurance Company from 1920 to 1980. The Neo ansurance company in the United States. Classical facade was added in 1927. I I SW EET AUBURN 11 I 154 Auburn Avenue: 158#160 Auburn Avenue: I John M. Smith house. Rucker Building
DEMOLISHED I I I I I 1982 I I I I I
*154 Auburn Avenue: John M. Snuth House. pre-1892. This was the home ofjohn * 158-60 Auburn Avenue: Rucker BUJidtng (later known as the Smooth Ashlar Smith, who started a carriage manufacturing company ~ I ZO Auburn in 1869. It later Masomc Buddmg). 1904. Built by Henry Rucker, the collector of internal revenue in housed an automobile dealership, wh1ch 1s soli operating in Atlanta. In 1940 this Atlanta from 1897 to 1906, this was the first office bu1lding m Atlanta built and owned I bulldmg became a warehouse for the Atlanta Ufe Insurance Company. by blacks. I SWEET AUBURN 12 I I I 67 Courtland Street 60 Piedmont Avenue: Smooth Ashlar Grand Lodge Building. I DEMOLISHED I I
I 1982 I I I I I I
60 Piedmont Avenue: Smooth Ashlar Grand Lodge Building. 1956. Built by Barge 67 Courtland Street. 1911. Built by Mo1se De Leon. The Southern Bell Company Thompson Company. Until after 1975 the Smooth Ashlar Masons Grand Lodge used I used this build ing as a plant and warehouse unul 1940. The Boykin Tool and Supply this buildmg. It has recently been used for offices of the Atlanta Life Insurance Company occup1ed It m the 1950s and 1960s, and Atlanta L1fe now uses it for storage. Company. I I L_____ s_ VV__ E_E T__A_U__ B_U _R_N______I_3 ___ __ ] I
66 Piedmont Avenue: 76 Piedmont Avenue. Rucker House. I I I
DEMOLISHED 1982 I DEMOLISHED I I I I I I I *66 Piedm on t Avenue: Rucker House. This was the home of Henry A. Rucker, a barber and real estate man who became one of the most influcntaal busmessmen on Auburn. He purchased this residence in 1887 and became the first black to hveon thas block. Members of hiS family lived here until the 1940s, and the Atlanta Ltfe Insurance 76 Piedmont Avenue. 1954. This building has been occupaed by Atlanta Lafe I Company has used the buildmg as a meeting center since the 1960's. insurance Company offices smce Its oonsrrucuon. I SWEET AUBURN 14 I I
I 82 Piedmont Avenue. I I I 1982 I I I I I I I
82 Piedmont Avenue: VFW Post No. 7612. 1951. Built by R.B. Powell. This I building has been used by the Veterans of Foreign Wars since its construction. I SWEET AUBURN 15 I I I
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(I) J~ If\ l_____~--~--~~-~~~~--~--L-~2~--~--- N N I .. , AUBURN AVENUE I I I 219- I 75 177· 181-185 187· 195 199 205 227· 231-237 179 191 215 223 239- LS"_ 22~ 243 [D I 1 247 1--1----....J D I I I
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175#79 Auburn Avenue. 178#82 Auburn Avenue. I Henry's Grill. I I
I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I I
175-79 Auburn Avenue. 1949. Bu1lt by O.A. Arnold. Th1s rwo-story brick commerc1al bu1ldmg has housed offices and small busmesses since Its construction. I The 4 B9 over the center bay refers to the date of construction and the original owner. 178-82 Auburn Avenue: Henry's Grill. 1922. Occupied from 1950 to 1981 by O.T. Bell. Henry's Grill, one of the most Important !~lthe r ing places on the avenue. I SWEET AUBURNr 17 I I 181-85 Auburn Avenue: 184-86 Auburn Avenue: I Auburn Avenue Casino Social Club Building. Top Hat/ Royal Peacock Club. I I I 1982 1982 I I I I I I
* 184-86 Auburn Avenue: Top H~ Royal Peacock Club. 19ZZ. The Top Hat/ Royal PLoacock, whtch occupted the top floor of this butldang, wa~ one of the maJOr black I cntertamment centers an the country. In the 1940s the Top Hat became the Royal 18 1-85 Auburn Avenue: Auburn Avenue Casano Soc~al Club Butldang. 19 15-ZO. Peacock under the ownership of Mama Carne Cunnangham. Cab Calloway, Gladys Thts butldmg has been occupied by several short-term businesses and medtcal offices. Km.:ht. James Flrm•n, Dtana Ross, and Louts Armstrong were among the many black One of the most notable tenants was Dr. Homer Nash, who had hts office an this t•ntt•rtatner' who performed here The lower part of the butldang wasdtvtded an to shops I butldmg an 19Z5. an the 1 94~. I SWEET AUBURN 18 I I I 187-91 Auburn Avenue. 190 Auburn Avenue. I I
I 1982 I I 1982 I I I I I
187-9 1 Auburn Avenue. 1913. Butlt by B.D. Warkans, a maJor real estate developer 190 Auburn Avenue. 1913. Tlus butldmg has housed many short-term busanesses, I an the area. In the 1930s, 187 Auburn was occupted by Oscar Spector, a white grocer. also the Colored Ratlway Employees Associatton an 1930. I SWEET AUBURN 19 I I 195,95'h Auburn Avenue: 196 Auburn Avenue: I Consolidated Mortgage Building. Majestic Theater Building. I I I 1982 1982 I I I I I I I 195-'J5llz Auburn Avenue: Con~olidMed Mortl(a~e Buildm~. 1954 Th.-stru
I 198~202 Auburn Avenue. 199 Auburn Avenue: C.C. Hart Plumbing Company. I I
I 1982
I 1982 I I 1983 I I I I 198-202 Aubum Avenue. 19 10. (200 and 202) and 1930 (198). Cornelius King and Son, Inc., an important real estate company which has been active in the preservation of Auburn Avenue as a viable commercial district, has been at this 199 Aubum Avenue: C. C. Hart Plumbing Company. 1945-50. T he major occupant I location since 1950. of this building was the C.C. Hart Plumbing Company (1955-80). I SWEET AUBURN 21 I I
204~6 Auburn Avenue: 205 Auburn Avenue: I Hooper's Crystal Market Mutual Federal Savings and Loan. (now known as the North Carolina Mutual Life Building). I I I 1982 I
,.,. l 1,07 - 7'" .r.r~ ~ ' ~ ~~~-~ 1982 I I I I I
204-t. Auhum Avenue: Hooper's Cry,tal market (Now known as the North I ( ·arolma Mutual Ltfl• llutiJmg) 1947 Built by Secumy Construcnon Company. 206 205 Auburn Avenue: Mutual Federal Savmgs and Loan. 1952 Butlt by Bank was the stt<· uf N~..:l Houper·~ Ftsh anJ Poultry Market for many y<."a rs 204 has houseJ ButiJmg and l::qutpment Corporation. Thts savmgs and loan company was founded the cnlord Jtvt~ion of t h~ Amencan Cancer Soctety ( 1950) and the Atlan ta branch of because of a lack of monga1,>e money fo r housmg for blacks m the 1920s. lt grew raptdly the NAA< P ( 1955). aft~r WoriJ War II and butlt thts structure m 1952 I I SWEET AUBURN I I I 208 Auburn Avenue: 215 Auburn Avenue: Alexander Building. Hall's Service Station. I I I 1982 I I 1982 I I I I I *208 Auburn Avenue: Alexander Bulldmg. 1946. Built by Herman Construcnon Company. Th1s buddmg was the first home of the Southern Chnsuan Leadersh ip Conference, founded in 1957. It was was mnstructed by T.M. Alexander, a well 215 Auburn Avenue: Hall's Serv1ce Station. 1959. Built by A.V. Jett. Oscar S. I known business and political figure m the Atlanta black commumty. Hall had operated a serv1ce station at this location since 1939. I [ SWEET AUBURN 23 I I 219-23 Auburn Avenue: 220 Auburn Avenue: I Bronner Building. Big Bethel A.M.E. Church. I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I
219-23 Auburn Avenue: Bronner Building. 1908. Built by W.O. Webb & Son. • 220 Auburn Avenue: B1g Bethel A.M.E. Church. 1905. rebuilt 1924 by Alexander I From 1915 to 1955, a Chmese laundry occupied this build mg. Smce 1955, It has been Hamilton, butlder, and John P. Lankford, archttect Construction on this Romanesque occup1ed by Bronner Brothers Beauty Supply Company. In addition, the League of Rev1val style bUtldmg was started in 1905. The church was rebUilt tn 1924 after fire N~ro Women Voters of Georgia and the Atlanta Negro Cuirural League had offices destroyed the origmal. Three of the extenor walls are origmal. B1g Bethel has been a here. center of the communtty and focal point for soctal actiOn throughout thiS country. I I SWEET AUBURN 24 L I I I 227-29 Auburn Avenue: 228-50 Auburn Avenue: Adanta Life Branch Office. Odd Fellows Building and Auditorium. I I I I I 1982 1982 I I I
•228-50 Auburn Avenue: Odd Fellows Butldmg and Auditonum. 1914. R.E. I Ph arrow, builder and William E. Edwards, architect. These structures were built by the Grand United Order of Odd Fellows to provide much-needed office, meeting, and retail space for blacks in Atlanta. The Gate City Drug Store (later Yates and Milton) owned by the first black pharmacist in Georgia, was a major tenant here, as well as I Bailey's Royal Theatre, the Gate City Barber Shop, Sportsman's Smoke House, and the House of Flowers. The Odd Fdlows Building was known for its roof garden where * 227-29 Auburn Avenue: Atlanta Life Branch Office. 1920. A branchofficeofthe blacks could dine and dance in an elegant armosphere. This building is a 11ood example Atlanta Life Insurance Company has been m thiS building smce the 1920s. During of the jacobean Rev1val style of architecture. The facade is embellished with unique I World War Il, the th1rd floor was used as a dormitory for Adanta Life workers. terra cotta figures. I SWEET AUBURN 25 I I 231-45 Auburn Avenue: 247-49 Auburn Avenue: I Herndon Building. Pal's One Hour Cleaners. I I I 198 2 1982 I I I I I
• 23145 Auburn Avenue: Herndon Budding. 1926. This building was financed and I designed by Alonzo Herndon, the founder of the Atlanra Life Insurance Company. He built th1s office structure an order to compete w1th Benjamin J. Davis, another black millionaire who built the Odd Fellows complex across the stteet. The buildang has approximately 60 offices, 6 storefronts, and a hotel section. lmporranr tenanrs ! I included the Atlanta Urban League (until 1965 ), the AdanraSchool for Social Work ( 1920s to 1930s), Dr. Homer Nash ( 1930-70), and B.B. Beamon's Restaurant ( 1960- 247-49 Au bu rn Avenue: Pal's One Hour Cleaners. 1927. Th1s buddang was 70). John Calhoun, an Important busaness man on the avenue, had his furniture srore constructed hy Alonzo H~rnd on for use as a serv1ce statiOn. It was a serv1ce staraon unnl here in the 1960s. 1955, "hen It was converted to a r~tail huddang. I '------
26 I I I
I 253,55 Auburn Avenue. 254 Auburn Avenue: Iona 's Lounge. I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I I
254 Auburn Avenue: 1ona's Lounge. 1932. BUilt b; Atken and Faulkner. The first I 253-55 Auburn Avenue. 1923, This butldmg has housed many commemal 1982 I I I I I I 256 Auburn: Lacey's Garden.l914. Built by G.W. Howell.ln 1925 Atlanta Life had 258 Auburn Avenue: Willie's Tavern. 1923. Built by Service Engineering an office here, and in 1930 a white fumirure store owner occupied the strucrure. Company. This strucrure was built and used by the Cox Brothers Funeral Home, 1923- I Several small lunchrooms have since occupied the building. 1935. Freeman's Liquor Store was a tenant from 1945 to 1975. I 28 SWEET AUBURN I I I 259 Auburn Avenue: 260 Auburn Avenue: Harden's Service Station. Arcade Billiard Parlor. I I I 198 2 I 1982 I I I I I I 259 A uburn Avenue: Harden's ServtceStation. 1947. A servtce stat ton has been at I thts stte since 1935. From 1960 to 1965, the Star Cab Service also operated from thts 260 A uburn Avenue: Arcade Billiard Parlor. 1939. This building has been used as a build mg. billiard parlor since 1939. I SWEET AUBURN 29 I .. , l I I AUBURN A VENUE I I!r: ======~~~======ll I I &&I 30 ;::) r- I I z 28 I I I &&I .___ > P1z. • 21 I • 4( • I 22-24 • • 17- 19 • ~ • I 20 • Zl 0 • I I • 01 • I 2: ffi •• c•I GJ 206- 210· ~ • &&II ;:l 258 •I -1 !%) 208 212 228-238 I Q. I 180 182-184 242 252 260 ,! I I I ·----.. ·------EDGEWOOD A VENUE I 1! I I 1I :I I I 11 I 'I I I I I I J I I I I I I I I I I 30 I I I 21 Bell Street: 26 Bell Street: Hanley's Bell Street Funeral Home. Ace Cab Company. I I I 1982 I 1928 I I I 1982 I I I Z 1 Bell Street: Hanley's Bell Street Funeral Home. 19 15. This building was origtnally Z6 Bell Stre et: Ace Cab Company. 1953-67. This building is the second at this site to I used as a lodge. It has been occupied by the Hanley Funeral Home smce the early 1930s. be occup1ed by the Ace Cab Company, which moved here in 1949. I [ SWEET AUBURN 31 I I 30 Bell Street: 20-24 Buder Street: I Ace Bar~B..Cue Barn. Butler Street YMCA. I I I 1982 I I I I I I • 20-24 Butler Street: &.trier Street YMCA. 1920. Alexander Hamtlton, butlder and I Hentz Retd and Adler, architects. Atlanta's black YMCA was started m 1899 in the basement of Wheat Street Baptist Church. This building became a center of the social life on the avenue by providing recreation and supervised activtty space foryounger blacks and meeting space for older blacks. The leaders influenced by the Y include I Vernon Jordan and Martin Luther Kmg, Jr. The Y is the home of the Hungry Club luncheons, a weekly forum for white and black polittctans and community leaders. 30 Bell Street: Ace Bar-B-Cue Barn. 1952. This buildmg was first used as an auto Although the facade has been sltghtly altered, the buildmgstill retatns many elements of repair garage. The Ace Bar-B-Cue Barn moved in during the early 1970s. the elegant Georgtan Revival style. I I SWEET AUBURN 32 I I I 28 Butler Street: 30 Butler Street. Walden Building. I I I ___,_ 19:::.:8::.!2~--- I 1982 I I I I I I 28 Butler Street: Walden Building. 1948. Built by Williamson and Company. Austin T. Walden, a leading black lawyer in Atlanta who spearheaded several equal rights 30 Butler Street. 1900-1910. This structure was used as a duplex residence until campatgns, had hts office here from 1948 unttl hts death 1n 1965. The Royal Palace about 1950, when it was convened for commercial use. Genie's Cafe has been here I Beauty and Barber Shop has been here since 1950. since about 1960. I SWEET AUBURN 33 I I 180 Edgewood Avenue: 182-84 Edgewood Avenue: I Jack Rothenberg Warehouse Jack's Clothing Store. I I I 1982 1982 I I I .I I I I 182-84 Edgewood Avenue: Jack's Clothing Store. 194 1. This building has been 180 Edgewood Avenue: Jack Rothenberg Warehouse. 1930. jack Rothenberg, the occupied by Barnet Hurwitz ( 1940-50), who operated a d ry goods store on Edgewood ori!linal owner of the building, operated a dry goods and clothing sto re here fo r many from 1920 to 1950; Barney's Department Store ( 1955-56); and Jack Rothenberg I years. After 1965 the building became a warehouse for his sto re next door. (Jack's Clothing), who operated here in the 1970s. I SWEET AUBURN 34 I I I 206·08 Edgewood Avenue: 209 Edgewood Avenue: J.J. Haverty Company Furniture. Municipal Marke t of Atlanta. I I I 1982 1982 I I I 1927 I I I 209 Edgewood A venue: Munacapal Market of Atlanta. 192 3. Ten Eyck Brown arch ateet. A curh market b~1:an at thas sate an 1918 and was so successful that the caty of Atlanta bualt a permanent ;,tructure here fave years later. It was on~ of the few rlaces an I Atlanta when· hlacl.s and whates shorrcd to)!ether during the pcraoJ o( legal ~grt:)!3taon (ca 1905·60). The market stall rmvades fresh pro..iuc,· .m,l m•·aa ro area 206-08 Edgewood Avenue: J.J. Haverty Company Fumirure. 1927 Thas has been rcsadem;, and downtown worker,, a' "ell a~ addauonal servaces '>u 1982 I 1982 ___ _ I I I I I I 210-12 Edgewood Avenue: Grady 5 and 10 Cent Store. pre-1892. This structure has I been used as a store since 1895 and is theoldestexisting business building in the area. it has con tamed a salon, grocery, thej .j. Haverty Fumirure Company, the Emery 5 and 228-38 Edgewood Avenue. ca. 1927. Gilbert and Beers, builder and Pringle and 10, Eagle Store, Earle Store, and since 1955 the Grady 5 and 10 Cent Store. The Smith, architect. This buildmg has been the home of several long-term businesses, building's facade was altered in 192 7, when the J .J. Haverty Company bUilding was inlcudmg a hquor store at 228 (since 1940), a shoe shop at 230 (since 1930), and the I constructed adjacent to it. Uruted Loan Association Pawn Shop oc 238 (since 1960). I 36 SWEET AUBURN I I I 242 Edgewood Avenue: 252 Edgewood Avenue: . Northside Loan Office. Pilgrim Health and Life Building. I I I 1982 1982 I I I I I I. I 242 Edgewood Avenue: Northside Loan Office. 1941. The A&P Company operated 252 Edgewood Avenue: Pilgram Health and Lafe Bualdang. 1935 Bualt by Jenkans I a grocery at thas sate unnl 1970. Smce then, the Northside Loan Office has operated Construcnon Company. This butldang was used as a grocery, furnarure store, and here. laundry before beang taken over by Palgram Health and Life in 1970. Pilgrim had an office in the Odd fellows Bualdang on Auburn Avenue before movang to thas locanon. I --~ [ SWEET AUBURN )7 _j I I 258-60 Edgewood Avenue: 17-19 Piedmont Avenue: I Guerry Lyons Paint and Body Shop. Kelly Auto Service Repairs. I I I 1982 DEMOLISHED I I I I I I 258-60 Edgewood Avenue: Guerry Lyons Paint and Body Shop. 1909. Griffin Consrrucnon Company, builder and J.R. MacEachron, architect. Thts builot. , has 17-19 Piedmont Avenue: Kelly Auto Service Repairs. 1930. Massell Realcy heen ,>ecupted by several commerctal tenants, including Harris Hardware (1915-40) Company, builder and E.C. Seez, architect. Thts building was originally used as an auro and Cran.: Auto Parts ( 1935-75 ). body shop. It has been an auto repair shop since 1975. I I SWEET AUBURN 38 I I I ~l ====~] ~~======~~ 0 LDWHEAT ••• r-- r I ,-- ~ ------_r 1 t r------., -, -rLf---' l>o.-- - ~ J N N .,. ~ ' ~ 0 ');':'>, I 0 8 0 .... N ,, t 340-346 1 380 r'l r'l r'l r'l -r'l ....- r'l pI,M[ I h. I ' GJ- - J~-J7~ ~. I •• AUBURN A VENUE ....--1 341j - I 345 [ [~ I rGJ -~ I I J •• G I ~··························· ~ ...... • ------rSJ I =------l 0 I I •I EDGEWOOD A VENUE I I I 397-399 395 ' 't ' I ' ' r .. , 39 Nt I I " I 302 Auburn Avenue: 306-8 Auburn: Auburn Rib Shack. Stewart Building. I I I I 1982 1982 I I I 1983 I I I I 306-8 Auburn: Stewart Buildmg. 1945. Built by Whatley Construction Company. 3 02 Auburn Avenue: Auburn Rib Shack. 1940 -45. This structure h as been used as a Hawk's Dinette ( 1945-70) was one of the social centers of Auburn. A number of small resmurant since its construction. The Auburn Rib Shack has operated here smce the businesses have occupied the lower floor of the building, while the upper floor has been I early 1960s. rented by various tenants. I SWEET AUBURN 40 I I I 310 Auburn Avenue: 312 Auburn Avenue: Benjamin Furniture Mart. Ma Sutton's. I I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I 310 Auburn Avenue: Benjamin Furniture Mart. 1925. Burke and Burke Cleaners 312 Auburn Avenue: MaSutton's. 1924. Built b; Alexander Hamilton. Ma Sutton occupied the lower floor from 1930 to 1955. Since 1955 the building has been operated one of the most popular restaurants on the avenue from the 1920s to 1950. I occupied by several small businesses on the lower level and renters upstairs. Since then other restaurants and lounges have occupied the buildmg. I SWEET AUBURN 41. I I 314-16 Auburn Avenue: 315 Auburn Avenue: Rayfield and Andy Smoke Shop. Elks Home Gate City Lodge. I I I I 1982 I I I I I I I 314-16 Auburn Avenue: Rayfield and Andy SmokeS hop. 1931. Harvey Burdette's 315 Auburn Avenue: Elks Home Gate City Lodge. 1924. Built by Alexander restaurant and grocery occupied this building until 1955. Charles and Charity Cox Hamilton. This building was constructed as an apartment house. Since the 1950s have lived upstairs from 1945 to the present. the black Elks Club has used it as a meeting space and home. I I SWEET AUBURN 42 I I I 31 7 ~ 19 Auburn A venue. 328 Auburn Avenue: Tabor Building. I I I 1982 I I 1982 I I I I I 328 Auburn Avenue: Tabor Butldmg. 1927. Th1s bUtldmg was financed by the Kmghts ofTabor, a black social upltft club. It was founded in the 1840s by 12 black 3 17-1 9 Auburn Avenue. 1923. Th1s apartment bUtldinghas beenoccup1ed by black men in Oh1o as an orgamumon to resist s lavery After the Civ1l War 1t wasreorgamzed I tenants smce ItS construction. as a soc1al club. I SWEET AUBURN 43 I I 332-34 Auburn Avenue: 340-46 Auburn Avenue. I Prince Hall Masonic Temple. I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I I I 332-34 Auburn Avenue: Prince Hall Masonic Temple. 1941. Charles Hopson and Ross Howard, architects. This commercial structure with Renaissance Revival details was butlt by the Prince Hall Masons, Georgia's most influential black Masons group. It 340-46 Au burn Avenue. 1921. This building has had several long-term uses and also housed the first black-owned radio stat ton in the Uruted States, WERD ( 1960- residents tncluding a grocery ( 1936-81) and a barbershop ( 1940-80). The longest resident in the upstairs portton of the butlding is Beatrice Mize, who has lived there I 70). and ts currently the me of the nanonal offices of the Southern Chnstian Leadcrshtp Conference. since 1950. L I I. SWEET AUBURN ------~------~··-----·~·--~-----~e--·-=-----·•·c~--·~·--•••--~·~----*-~~&=-+•••..•·~-~-- 4_4__ ~ ] I I I 341-45 Auburn Avenue: 348-56 Auburn Avenue. American Legion Post No. 574. I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I I 341-45 Auburn Avenue: American Legion Post No. 574. 1928. This building contained the Auburn Avenue branch of the Atlanta Public Library when it opened. By 348-56 Auburn Avenue. 1922. These apartments have been the homes ofa series of 1936, it was the home of a series of small shops and restaurants, and in 1955 the residents who have lived here from 5 to I 5 years. The porches and balconies on this I American Legion took over the building. building make it a unique building on Auburn. I SWEET AUBURN 45 I I 364 Auburn Avenue: 365 Auburn Avenue: I Haugabrooks Funeral Home. Wheat Street Baptist Church. I I I 1982 1982 I I I I I I * 365 Auburn Avenue: Wheat Street Baptist Church. 1920-23. Wheat Street Baptist I 364 Auburn Avenue: Haugabrooks Funeral Home. 1938. Geneva Haugabrooks, a Church has been an important institution in Atlanta's black community since the early well-known black businesswoman and community leader in Adanta, moved her 1900s. It retains Auburn Avenue's original name. The church building represents a late funeral home here in 1938. After the success of this venture, which is still in operation, adaptation of the Gothic Revival style. The building's massive symmetrical she expanded into other business activities. composition creates one of the most imposing facades along Auburn Avenue. I I SWEET AUBURN I 46 I I I 368-76 Auburn Avenue. 380 Auburn Avenue. Cox Brothers Funeral Home I I I ----~1.~9~8=2 ______I 1982 I I I I I I * 368-76 Auburn Avenue. 1925. Many businesses have occupied these shops, includmg the Haugabrooks Funeral Home (before it moved into Its own buildmg), 380 Auburn Avenue: Cox Brothers Funeral Home. 1929 (later facade). The Cox I Lampkm Brothers Cleaners ( 1936 present) and james Edwards Market (1950- Brothers Funeral Home opened in 1915at258 Auburn and moved here in 1940, where presenr). Some of the original storefronts are inract. It IS stdl in operation. Before 1940 the building was used as a restaurant and market. I SWEET AUBURN 47 I L I 395 Edgewood Avenue: 397~99 Edgewood Avenue. I Keen Edge Company. I I I 1982 ____ 1982 I I I I I I I 397-99 Edgewood Avenue. 1948. This building was occup1ed by the Cohen Music Company from 1950 to 1960and the M1dway Telev1s1on lnstituteofGeorgtam 1960. 395 Edgewood Avenue: Keen Edge Company. 1945 (Addittons m 1951 and 1957). The Keen Edge Company later expanded from next door and presently occup1es the I The Keen Edge Company has occupied this building since 1ts construction. structure. I SWEET AUBURN 48 I I I 26·28 Hilliard Street. 33 Hilliard Street. I I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I 26-Z R H illiard Srreet. 1920-2 3 A ~rae~ of hla~k r<'\IUent' hav~ occupaed thc~c I apartm<'lll' T~ lnnJ..>e'>! resadent'o have heen Rufu'o Hdmn ( 1960 75) and Edward 33 Hilliard S treet. 1929. The longest term occupant of this duplex was Mrs. Yirgmia Lum·, f I':}5 'i pr<''<'nt) West ( 1950-70), a haardresser. Other occupants have been short-term tenants. I SWEET AUBURN 49 I I 35 Hilliard Street. 18 Jackson Street: National Divine Spritualist Church. I I I I 1983 I 1982 I I I I I I 18 Jackson Street: National Divine Sptrirualisr Church, 1905-10. This building was origmally a dwelling occupied by Henry H. Williams, an Auburn Avenue undertaker. From 1940 ro 195 5 me Progressive Sptrirualist Church and Training School occupied 35 Hilliard Street. 1929. This duplex has been occupied by a series of black tenants, the buildmg, and the Nauonal Dtvine Sptrirualist Church has been here smce before I all of whom stayed less than five years. 1960. I SWEET AUBURN 50 I I I 26 Jackson Street. I I I 1982 I I I I I I I I 26 Jackson Street. 1966. Built by H.J . Russell. These aparrmenrs have been occupied by blacks who have remained from five to ten years. l l'---- ______SWEET AUBURN ______sJ l I I I NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE I The part of the community most directly associated with Martin Luther King, Jr., was designated by Congress as the National I Historic Site. The site contains the home where Dr. King was born, Ebenezer Baptist Church, where he worked and prayed, and the site where he is buried. I The residences in this area were built between 1890 and 1905. They were white-occupied before 1900 and black-occupied after 1900. The block contained a variety of residents: working class and I middle class, southern and nonsouthern. A store on Auburn was operated by a white family long after the area became mostly black occupied. The Edgewood Avenue portion of the site was developed I as a white-owned commercial/industrial area in the early 20th century. I The significant time period for the Auburn Avenue portion of the National Historic Site is 1929-1941, the years of Dr. King's residence on the avenue. The significant period for the Edgewood I A venue portion is 1890-1948, when Dr. King moved away from the neighborhood. I I I I 52 I I Ill ~ Cl I 0 ..~INII•t••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• i :z: I I I I ·OLD WHEAT I •I • I • • I I i AUBURN AVENUE i - J L. r--- I 407 41 3 I &j I - I t1l ; ') r··--. L------·---- I r:J)~ \ ' z ~------, ,------I 0 r:J) u~ I i i :EDGEWOOD A VENUE I i ~,\ \\ I 53 I 407-13 Auburn Avenue: Ebenezer Baptist Church. I I I 1982 I I I I I I I * 407-13 Auburn Avenue: Ebenezer Baptist Church. 1922. Ebenezer was founded in 1886. Rev. A.D. Williams, the maternal grandfather of Marrin Luther Kir.~;, Jr., I became pasrorin 1894. Dr. King, Sr., became pastor in 1931, and Dr. King, Jr., served as co-pastor from 1960 unril his death m 1968. His funeral was held at Ebenezer, his spirirual h:Hne. Alberta Williams King, the mother of Martin Luther King, Jr. was killed here in 1974. In the 1950s ~d 1960s, several important civil rights activities, I including the meeting which led to the organization of the Southern Chrisoan Leadership Conference, rook place at Ebenezer. I NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE 54 c l I I I I I I I i AUBURN A VENUE I i I I I I - JACKSON PLACE I u - - l , 43· I .... o.J 0 M ex> ~ $ I() 414 444 ~ ~ "'" "'" ~D - ~ - - ~ I i ! EDGEWOOD A VENUE I • 417 I D D I I CHAMBERLAIN I 55 I 410 Edgewood Avenue: 414 Edgewood Avenue. I St. Francis Budget Shop. I I 1982 I ------~19~8=2~---- I I I I I I I 410 EdjJewood Avenue: St. Francis Budget Shop. 1910. Built by G.A. Goodrich. 414 Edgewood Avenue. ca 1920. This buildmg had several uses m 1ts early years. I This buildmg was used as a furniture store from 1930 1D 1970. The St. Francis Budget Later, 1t was occupied by the furniture stores next door, pnmanly the A.C. White Shop has been here smce before 1975. Furmture Company Transfer and Storage during the 1940s and 1950s. I ~TIONAL HISTORIC SITE 56 I I 417 Edgewood Avenue. 420 Edgewood: I Edgewood Animal Clinic. I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I I -420 Edtewood: Edsewood Animal Clinic. 1912. Untill930 this building was used -417 Edgewood Avenue. 1909. Built by W.D. Webb & Son. This building has been for light industry. In that year it became a veterinary hospital, operating under t:he name I occupied by several kinds of businesses, mcluding bonlers, cabinetmakers, and auto of Edgewood Dog and Cat Hospital. It has been the Edgewood Animal Clinic since pans suppliers. 1960. I NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE 57 I I 421-29 Edgewood Avenue. 428 Edgewood Avenue: I Southern Stamp and Stencil Company. I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I I I 421-29 Edgewood Avenue. ca. 1946. This building has housed many types of 428 Edgewood Avenue: Southern Stamp and Stencil Company. 1954. This build tog businesses: salvage store, tool shop, cleaners, discount stores, and a gmcery. The was occupied by an auto parts distributor before Southern Stamp and Stencil moved I longest term business is a liquor store at 429 (since 1950). here in the early 1970s. ------l I NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE 58 I I I 438-42 Edgewood: 439-41 Edgewood Avenue: lvie's Garage. Georgia Loan Office. I I I I 1982 1982 I I I I I I 4 38·4 2 Edgewood: lvte's Garal"(e. 1939. Gordie P. Grogan, the original 439-41 Edgewood Avenue: Georgia Loan Office. 1920. This building has been used I owner .o~rated a servtce station and garage from this butldtng unttl 1970. The garage tS as a furntture store (1920-40 and 1960-70), a record, music, and pinball machine sttll tn o~ratton under another name. company (1940-55), and a pawnshop ( 1975-present). I NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE I S9 I 443·45 Edgewood Avenue. 444·46 Edgewood Avenue. I I I I 1982 1982 I I I I I I I 443-45 Edgewood Avenue. 1909. Tlus bu1ldmg was ongmally owned by B.D Watkms, a prominent whne real estate developer. It has been the Site of several retail, 444-46 Edgewood Avenue. 1909. Ongmally owned by B.D. Watkins, this hu1ldmg light industrial, and serv1ce operanons. The longest lasting busmess was the W P has been the home of a bonled water company, a w1pmg cloth company, a furniture I Anderson Sheet Metal Works ( 1920-50). company, a wreckmg company, a garage, and a used clothmg store. I 60 I I I 447 Edgewood Avenue: 451 Edgewood Avenue: House of Bargains. Burks &. Burks. I I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I __j 447 Edgewood Avenue: House of Bargatns. 1909. This bulldtng was owned and I operated by the Norns Candy Company unul1930, when 1t became a vanety store run 451 Edgewood Avenue: Burks & Burks. 1915. Built by A1ken and Parr. Th1s by a senes of propnetors. The House of Bargains Vanety Store has been here smce bulldtng has been the home of several retail establishments that lasted less than ten before 1960 I l years. Burks & Burks Dry Goods Store IS the most recent occupant. NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE I 6_1__ ] I 458 Edgewood Avenue. 460 Edgewood Avenue: I True Holiness Caravan Church of God. I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I I 460 Edgewood Avenue: True Holmess Caravan Church of God. 1911. Bualt by 458 Edgewood Avenue. 1946. A.F. Hame, bualder and Joseph Cohen and Lou as C. Kalb. Thas bualdmg has been used by a mallmery, a shoe repair shop, a grocery, Associates, archuect. This bualdmg was the home of the Circle Ora ve-In Liquor Store and a women's clothmg store. In 1970 it housed the Atlanta T rammgCheckers Club. It I until after 1960, when at was taken over by Danneman 's Supermarket for storage space. has been a church smce 1975. I NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE 62 I I I 461-65 Edgewood Avenue. 462 Edgewood Avenue. I I I 1982 1982 I I I I I I I I 461-65 Edgewood Avenue. 1912. Built by G.W. Foot. This building has housed 462 Edgewood Avenue. 1928. This building contained a grocery until1940. From several commercial establishments, including the Hayes-Brown Department Store 1940 tD 1945 it was a pawnshop and since 1945 it has been used as an extension of I ( 1920-50), Carter's Department Store ( 1955-60), and Propes Furniture Store ( 1970). Danneman's Supermarket next door. I NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE 63 I 464~68 Edgewood Avenue: 467 Edgewood Avenue. I Danneman's Supermarket. I I I 1982 1982 I I I I I I I 464-68 Edgewood Avenue: Danneman's Supermarket. 1909. 464 has always housed a grocery store; since the 1940s Marcus Danneman has operated a supermarket 467 Edgewood Avenue. ca. 191 The Southern Hardware Supply Company was in I here. tho~ huoldon~ from 1935 to 1975. I NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE 64 I I I I I ~.-c ___ _ I I I I I I I I I I • I EDGEWOOD A VENUE ' • ( I 65 I 472·74 Auburn Avenue. 476--78 Auburn Avenue. I I I 1982 I ______.:;_ 1982 I I I I I I I * 472-7 4 Auburn Avenue. 1905. E.C. Scez, architect. Tlus is one of nme duplex residences financed by the Emp1re Texnle Company. It has been occup1ed by a senes of black tenants, mcludmg Sadie J. Bailey ( 1960-present). The frame duplexes were I executed m the Bungalow style of architecture. Much of the ongmal wooden details •4 76-78 Auburn Avenue. 1905. E.C. Seez, architect. ThiS Emp1re Texnle Company surv1ve. duplex has been occupied by a senes of shorr-tcrm residents. I NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE 66 L ______J I I I 480-82 Auburn Avenue. 484·86 Auburn Avenue. I I I 1982 1982 I I I I I I I I *• 480-82 auburn Avenue. E.C. Seez, architect. Another Empire Textile Company * 484-86 Auburn Avenue. 1905. E.C. Seez, architect. This Emp1re Texule Company •duplex was occupied by William Martin, a black chiropodist, from 1920 to 1940. duplex has been occupied by a series of short-term residents. I NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE 67 I I 488 Auburn Avenue. 491-93 Auburn Avenue. I I I I 1982 ---- I 1982 I I I I I I I I * 488 Auburn Avenue. 1905. E.C. Seez. architect. This Empire Textile Company *491·93 Aubum Avenue.l9 11. Built by Alexander Hamilton. Occupied by a series of tenants, mcluding John Sims ( 1930-60) and Charlie N. Poole ( 1945-70). duplex has been occupied by a senes of short-term residents. I NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE 68 I I I 492~94 Auburn Avenue. 497 Auburn Avenue. I I I 1982 I I 1982 I I I I I * 492-94 Auburn Avenue. 1897. Built by j.H. Farmer. Until1910 this residence was * 497 Auburn Avenue. 1900-1905. The first occupant of rh1s house was white. A I occupied by whites. Since then it has housed a series of black residents, including Mrs. series of black residents followed, includmg Daniel Re1d ( 1910-30) anJ Luc1us Zachary Mamie Thurman ( 1936-60). (1936-50). I NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE 69 I 1..... I 501 Auburn Avenue: 503 Auburn Avenue. I Martin Luther King, Jr., Birth Home. I I _____: 1::_:982 I I 1982 I I I I I * 501 Auburn Avenue: Martm Luther King, Jr., B1rth Home. ca. 1895. Th1s residence I \\.'35 built by a whue fireman who worked at F1re Srauon #6. In 1909, 1t was purchased by Rev. A.D. W1lhams, Dr. Kmg's grandfather. Dr Kmg was born here january 15, * 503 Auburn Avenue. ca 1895. This bu1ldmg was first occup1ed by wh1te res1dents. 1929, and hved here until 1941, when the Kmg family moved two blocks north. The After 1905, a senes of black res1dents hved here. The house 1s now owned and occup1ed Queen Anne style house has been restored to Its 1929 appearance and operates as a I by the Marnn Luther Kmg, Jr, Center for Non-V1olent Social Chan~e . Th1s IS a well museum. preserved example of the Queen Anne style of archuecture. I [_ NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE____ _ 70 I I I 506 Auburn Avenue. 509 Auburn Avenue: Smith-Charleston House. I I I 1982 I ___1 ~ 82 ____ I I I I I I * 509 Aubum Avenue: Smith-Charleston House. 1925-30. This apartment buildmg I * 506 Aub u m Avenue. 1933. These apartments have been occupied by a senes of has been occupied by a serries of residents, mcluding William and Thelma Charleston black resiJent5. The original architectural design IS mtact. (1940-80). I NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE 71 I ,----- I 510 Auburn Avenue. 1 514 Auburn Avenue. I I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I I ,. 510 Auburn Avenue. pre-1892. After 1905 this butldmgwasoccup1ed by asenesof ,. S 14 Auburn Avenue. rn 1893. Th1s res1dence has been occup1ed by asenesofblack I black tenants, including Ahce T. FranCIS ( 1940-55 ). The Alice Francis Employment t~nant'o stnl~ 1 I 515 Auburn Avenue: 518 Auburn Avenue. Faison House. I I I 1982 I I 1982 I I I I I * 515 Auburn Avenue: Faison House. 1909. Charles Faison, the o riginal owner ofthis 518 Auburn Avenue. 1893-95. This building has been occupied by a seriesofblack I housed lived here until 1940. This house was constructed as a single-family residence tenants since 1910. The longest term resident was Harriet Lawless (1925-45). The and was later converted into a duplex. building is an example of the Queen Anne style of architecture. I NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE 73 I I 521 Auburn Avenue: 522 Auburn Avenue. Calhoun House. I I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I I • 521 Auburn Avenue: Calhoun House. 1880s. Untal1905 the housewasoccup1ed by josaah Carter, a wh1te man Smce 1905 the bu1lding has been occup1ed by blacks. In 1936 1t was converted an to apartments. The longest tenants have been Moses W and Polly Calhoun ( 191 5-present). Moses Calhoun operated a restaurant man outbualdmg 522 Auburn Avenue. 1893-95. Antome Graves, a maJor black realtor, laved here I at this address an the 1930s. from 1930 to 1940. ------' I [_ NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE ------~ I I .------; I 526 Auburn Avenue. 530 Auburn Avenue. I I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I I * 526 Aubum Avenue. ca. 1895. Tlx first black occupant of this buildmg, F r a~k I * 530 Auburn Avenue. ca 1895. This butlding has been occup1ed by a series of black L---- K~rke, l:d here from 1910 to 1950. He was followed by a senes ofshort -term tena:__j tenants since 1910. Tlx longest tenant was Mrs. Jerrie Nowell ( 1945-70). I ~IONAL HISTORIC SITE ------7- 5----, I I 535 Auburn Avenue. 540 Auburn Avenue. I I I 1982 I I 1982 I I I I I I • 535 Auburn Avenue. ca 1895. From 1910 to 1945, Charles L. Harper, the first 540 Auburn Avenue. ca 1890. Beginning in the early 1910s, black tenants occupied black high school principal in Atlanta, lived here. Since 1945 a series of tenants have th1s house. It was ongmally constructed as a single-family dwelling and was converted I occupied this buildmg. mto apartments at a later date. I 76 __O_ N_A_L__ H_ Is_T_o_R_I_c_s_I_TE______.. -·-s------~~----- N_A_TI ~Wd~c=~.-~~--·------·------·- I I I 543 Auburn Avenue. 546 Auburn Avenue. I I 1982 I 1982 ----- I I I I I I I 546 Auburn Avenue. ca 1900. In the early 1910sJohn Watkins, a black candy maker, moved into this house and remamed until the early 1930s. Then Sol Gresham, I 543 Au burn Avenue. ca 1905. This house has been occupied by a series of black A Pullman Company employee, and his wife Callie moved in and remained until the residents, 1ncludmg Arthur and Leha Carter ( 1930-70). early 1970s. I ------~ NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE 77 I I 550 Auburn Avenue. 29 Boulevard: I Our Lady of Lourdes I I I 1982 1982 I I I I I I I * 29 Boulevard: Our Lady of Lourdes School. 1912 Built by Mackie Crawford Construction Company 11us building onginally housed the Our Lady of Lourdes 550 Auburn Avenue. rn 1890. A succession of black tenants has occup1ed this Catholic Church on the first floor; a school on the second floor, and a soc1al center on hualdmg, mn'rl\ 'm~l.: women and w1dows work an~ a' ma1ds, laundr~ssl!l., t" 53 Hogue Street: 54 Howell Street. Finley~Baynes Duplex. I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I I I 53 Hogue Street: Fmley-Baynes Duplex. Thts duplex has had two maJOr occupants: Mrs. Della H. Finley, an employee of the Fulton Bag Mtlls ( 1940-75), and the current 54 Howell Street. 1931 These apartments have been occupted by a senes of black I owner, Robert L. Baynes, a retired matlhandler ( 1955-present). tenants, mcludmg Damel Gresham ( 1945-70) and Rtchard Mapp ( 1955-present). I ~ATIONAL HISTORIC SITE I I I 479-81 Old Wheat Street. 483-85 Old Wheat Street. I I I 1982 1982 I I I I I I I 4 79-81 Old Wheat Stree t. 1905. E.C. Seez, architect. This Empire Textile U>mpany I duplex was origmally occupied by wh ites who worked at the Atlanta Gas W orks but by 483-85 Old Wheat Street. 1905. E.C. Seez , architect. Th1s Empire Textile U>mpany 19 10 It was black occup1ed. Most residents have remained fro m five to ten years. duplex has been occupied by black people who have remained one to ten years. I NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE 81 I I 487-89 Old Wheat Street. I I I 1982 I I I I I I I I 487-89 Old Wheat Stteet. 1905. E.C. Seez, architect. This Empare Textale Company duplex has been occupaed b,r a seri~ of black r~adents , ancluding Talmadge Head I ( 1955-75 ). I c NATIONAL_ H_I_sT_o_R_Ic_ si_TE______82 I I I J AUBURN AVENUE I ~ rI I I ~ : ~ I rGJ Gi]' I ' ! II I :CJ' .· ' ~ ,_. I ~ [] 1 I -c ~528 1'- I ' 4 76-80 Edgewood Avenue: Peter's Furn1rure and Hardware. 1909 Budt ho,• W.H. Ronn.: Hur"1r: Dn (J(>ods was :J: 476 from 1925 to 1945: Perer·, Furniture and 4 82 Edgewood Avenue: Collu m TV and Rad1o Service. 1908. The origmal owner 1 Hardware ha, h:en .1 that address smce 1950. 476 •! has hous.:d a pt:rfumo:ry, a was B.D. Warkms. This buddmg has been used by a shoe maker, auto repa1r company, I pubhshm~ c,>mpan~. I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I I L 485 Edgewood Avenue : Church of the Kangdom of God. 1908. The Ortl(tnal owner I 483 Edgewood Avenue: Bill's Upholstery. 1908 The on gana1 owner was B.D. was B.D. Watkins. Before It became a church, this butldtn~ was used by several r'eta1l Watkins. Tlus buildtng has been occup1ed by a senes of retail and service businesses, all and serv1ce busanesses: a furniture store, doughnut company, plumber, dentist, of wh1ch lasted less than 15 years. construcnon company, and sign and display company. I I [ NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE------____8s______.l. I 487 Edgewood Avenue: 488 Edgewood Avenue. Smitty and Sons Novelty Shop. I I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I I 4R7 Edgewood Avenue: Snutty and Sons Novelty Shop. 1909. The origmal owner was B.D. Watkins The longest term occupant of this bu1lding was the Railroad Model 488 Edgewood Avenue. 1909. This buildmg has been used by several Oub of Atlnma ( 1950-70). The longest term business was Hardeman Furniture establlshmems, mcludmg the Atlama Coffee and Tea Company ( 1915-30). Other C.ompany ( 1955-70). S.:veral other bus messes and o rganizatiOns have been located occupants have mcluded a millmer's shop, a dog and cat hosp1tal, a com machine I her.:. exchange, and a warehouse for a Janitorial serv1ce. L ------' I [ NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE 86 I I I 489 Edgewood Avenue: 491-93 Edgewood Avenue. Church of God. I I I 1982 - - - -- I I 1982 I I I I I 489 Edgewood Avenue: Church of God. 1909. The original owner was B.D. 491-9 3 Edgewood Avenue. 1905-9. 491 has been occupied by a series of businesses I Watlons. Th1s building has been occup1ed by a dry goods store, a roofing company, a includmg a dry goods store, creamery, dairy, cafe, chiropractor, and beauty shop. The contractmg company, a clothing store, and a warehouse. longest term occupant of 493 was the W.D. Math1s sheet metal works ( 1940-70). I NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE I 87 I 5 25 Edgewood Avenue. 528 Edgewood Avenue. I I I 1982------I I I I I I I I 528 Edgewood Avenue. ca. 1895 (dwelhng) and 1954 (storage bUtldmg). Thj s 525 Edgewood Avenue. 1948. This building was occupied by Warren's Garage from residence was occupied by whtres until192 5; since then blacks have lived here. The rwo 1950 ro 1965, when it became the A.T.E. Body Shop. McCuUough's Electric Service longest-term restdenrs have been Emma J McClain ( 1945-55) and Ralph and Mary I expanded to thts bUtldmg from next door tn the late 1970s. Brown ( 1970-presenr). I NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE 88 I I I 537~41 Edgewood Avenue: 14 Howell Street. Roane Building. I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I I 53 7-41 &leewood A venue: Roane Build mg. 1906. This bualding wh1ch has housed many busmesses smce its construction is considered a good example of Atlanta's early 14 Howell Street. ca. 1927. This duplex has been occupied by a succession oftenants, I commercial architecture. It represents the Romanesque Rev1val style of architecture as including Anderson and Corine Evans ( 1945.05 ), Dwellie Hillman ( 1930-55 ), and 1t apphed to commerctal structures. The ornamental brickwork is well-preserved. Percy and Minnte Hart ( 1960-75). I \L HISTORIC SITE 89 I I 18 Howell Street. 20 Howell Street. I I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I J I 18 Howell Street. ca. 192 7. This house has been occupied by a succession of black 20 Howell Street. ca. 1895. This residence has been occupted by a series of black I tenants. The Thompkins family has lived here since 1955. tenants. The longest term resident was Howard Waters (1950-70). I NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE 90 I I 24 Howell Street: 28 Howell Street. I Turner House. I I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I 24 H owell Street: Turner House. ca. 1895. This residence has been occupted by 28 Howell Street. ca. 1895. The first black occupant of thts but1ding was Rev. I blacks stnce 1910. A member of the Turner famtly has lived here stnce 1940. Willie Corneltus Manning, a teacher at Morris Brown College ( 1910-15 ). Members of the Turner, the current occupant, ran Turner's Therapy Clinic at this residence in the Manning famtly ltved here unttl 1945. The present owner and occupant, Mrs. Rosa 1970s. Wtlson, has ltvcd here stnce 1960. I NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE I 91 l I I I OLD FOURTH WARD I Before the start of the 20th century, this area was constructed as a white,occuped residential area. With the coming of segregation, I blacks began to occupy the existing housing and to build new housing, and by 1910 this area was occupied mostly by blacks. This population served as the main economic base for the black I businesses centered on the other end of Auburn Avenue. The people who lived here were part of an active community that supported a rich social and cultural life involving literary societies, I self,help groups, and political activity. This community remained active into the 1960s. The historically significant period for this I neighborhood is from 1890, when blacks began moving here, until 1948, when Dr. King moved away from the area. I I I I I I I I ···································---······1------i I ! BOULEVARD I -8 I I • • I • I r9 • HOGUE I I ' ~ I - ~ '----- .- ----p- I------~• I I • I • HOWELL I I I I• I ~ fl 93 11 • I 57~59 Boulevard. 6 7 Boulevard. I I I 1982 1982 I ------I I I I I I I 57-59 Boulevard. ca. 1895 (house) and (store). 1925-30. The longest resident in this structure was Vernon Buck (1935-75). The store has been used as a restaurant, thrift 67 Boulevard. 1895-1900. This residence has been occupied by a senes of short-term I shop, and beauty shop. black tenants since 191 0. I OLD FOURTH WARD 94 I I I 71 Boulevard: 89 Boulevard. Danneman Rooming House. I I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I 71 Boulevard: Danneman Roommg House ca. 1895. Th1s res1dence wasoccup1ed by a I senes of black res1dents from 1905 ID 1960. In 1960 It was converted mto a rooming 89 Boulevard. ca. 1895-89. This residence has been occup1ed by a senes ofshort-term house. black tenants. I OLD FOURTH WARD 95 I I 101 Boulevard: 63~65 Hogue Street. New Birth Fellowship Church. I I I 1982 I I 1982 I I I I I I 101 Boulevard: New Birth Fellowship Church. 1930. Built by Aiken and Faulkner. This site has been occupied by black churches since at least the mid-1890s. This building was constructed by the Franklin Memorial AME Zion Church. lt was followed by the Piney Grove Baptist Church ( 1935-70), the Unity Baptist Church, and the New 63-65 Hogue Street. ca. 1905. The longest resident was Mrs. Maggie L. Rtchards I Birth Fellowship Church. ( 1950-70). All other n.stdents remained approximately five to ten years. I OLD FOURTH WARD 96 I I I 66 Hogue Stree. 6 7 ~69 Hogue Street. I I I 1982 I I 1982 I I I I I 66 Hogue Street. 1936. Thas duplex has been occupied by a succession of tenants. 67-69 Hogue Street. 1909. Rachardjohnson lived here from 1940 to 1960. All other I Will Hayes, a plasterer, laved here from 1940 to 1965, and Mrs. Mary Patterson tenants have remained five to ten years. Much of this building's original decorative trim occupied an apartment from 1950 to 1975. survives. I 97 I I 70 Hogue Street: 71 Hogue Street. I Zion Tabernacle Fire Baptized Holiness Church. I I 1982 I 1982 ------I I I I I I I 70 Hogue Street: Z10n Tabernacle Ftre Bapnzed Holiness Church. 1920. The Ftre Rapm.:J Holmes" Church was o rganized m Arlanta m 1898 as a small all-black organt:atton. Th1~ srrucrure was consrrucred as a mtss1on church by rhe Fire Bapusr 71 Hogue Street. 1911-20. This house has been occupied by several black rcnanrs, Hnlmt:'>S or.:anizanon The building's rooflme reflecrs an influence from rhe Gorhic mcluJ mg Lorenzo J. Parks, asststant manager for the Scnpto Manufacrunng Company I R~vtval sryl,· of archlrL>crure. ( 1950-70). The Taylor fam ily has lived here since 1970. I c OLD FOURTH WARD 98 =] I I I 7 4 Hogue Street. 7 5 Hogue Street. I I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I 7 4 Hogue treet. 1895-99. Thas house was occupaed by whates unul191 0. Smce then, I I a sencs of blacks have laved here, mcludmg Eugene Jone.,, a warehouseman for Haverty 75 Hogue Street. 1911 -20. The Walkms famaly "ere th<· mnJ<>r '"' upant~ uf th" Furnature ( 1930-60). houS<'. Walham and Sarah Wilkms laved here frnm 1910 to 19711. I J I LoLD FOURTII WARD 99 ~ I 76 Hogue Street. 77 Hogue Street. I I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I I 76 Hogue Street. 1895-99. Earl Jenkins, an employee of Allen & Grayson Realty, I lived here from 1950 ro 1960. All other occupants have remained for less than fi ve 77 Hogue Street. 1905-I O. Jcssie Willingham lived here from 1935 ro 1950. All other years. occupants have remained for less than five years. I [ OLD FOURTH WARD 100 I I I 79-81 Hogue Street. 80 Hogue Street. I \ .. ~ I I I 1982 ~._...... lllllllln I 1982 I I I I I 79-81 Ho gue Street. ca. I 900. This duplex has been occupted by several black I tenant<,. llldu,llnJ.! Jo.:mJ.! and '-vlvta Edwards ( 1935-55) Md Mr; Mmnte Schofteld 80 Hogu e Street. ca. 1900. This residence has been occupted by hlack tenants who (193l1'5t1) remained from one to ten years. I OLD FOURTH WARD 101 -] I I 82 Hogue Street. 83 Hogue Street. I I I I 1982 1982 ---- I I I I I I I 82 Hogue Street. ca 1900 (82) and ca 1935 (82 A). Black tenants have occupted 83 Hogue Street. ca 1895 Paulme McGhee ltved here from before 1900 to about I both parts of rhts d uplex for penods ot fivt• to ten years. 1915. All other tenants have remamed from one to ten years. I OLD FOURTH WARD 102 I I I 86 Hogue Street. 8 7 Hogue Street. I I I 1982 I I 1982 I I I I I 87 Hogue Street. 1897. Bu1lt by H.R. Hamson. Th1s structure has been occupied by 86 Hogue Street. ca. 1895. 1n 1930 Jacob and Lucy Dav1s moved here and stayed until several black tenants, including Eddie Johnson ( 1955-70) and Clara Barnett ( 1965- I 1955. In 1960 Mack Weaver bought the structure and has lived here since then. present ). It was converted from a single-family residence to a duplex m the 1950s. I OLD FOURTH WARD 103 I I 90 Hogue Street. 94#96 Hogue Street. I I I 1982 1982 I ----- I I I I I I I 90 Hogue Street. ca. 1895-1900. This house has been occup1ed by several black 94-96 Hogue Street. 1905. Built by Usher and Woods. Th1s duplex has been residents. Mrs. Lucy Smith lived here from 1950 untill970. From 1940 ro 1955 it was occup1ed by a series of black tenants, including Allen and Mam1e Brawner ( 1950-70) I d1v1d..,d inro a duplex. Since then it has been a ;mgh:-lam1ly rt''1dcnce and John F. Billingsley ( 1950-present). I OLD FOURTH WARD 104 I I I 95 Hogue Street: 98-100 Hogue Street. Wimby-Cade House. I I I 1982 1982 I I I I I I I 95 Hogue Street: Wtmby-Cade House. 1895-99. Thts house had a succession oflong I term occupants, including Lucius and Nellie Wimby (1900-1930), Fred Butler 98-100 Hogue Street. 1913. This duplex has had a succession of black tenants, ( 193040 ). anJ Walrer anJ Ltlltan Cade ( 1945-70). lr has been vacant smce 1975. mcludmg Charles Braswell ( 1960-present) and Martha Thomas ( 1960-75). I OLD FOURTH WARD 105 I I 99 Hogue Street: 1 02,04 Hogue Street. Blaino House. I I I 1982 I 1982 ---- I I I I I I I 102-4 Hogue Street. 1916. 102 has had two long-term tenants: the johnson family 99 Hogue Street: Blamo House. Cl. 1908. Walter Blamo, a sexton at St. Luke's ( 19 30-45 ), and the Lawrence family ( 1950-present ). 104 has had a senes of tenants, I Ep1scopol Church, and h1s w1fe were the primary tenants of th1s house ( 1940-70). mcludtnl( Rose L. Partee ( 1960-75 ). I L OLD FOURTH WARD 106 I I I 103 Hogue Street. 105 Hogue Street. I I I 1982 I I 1982 I I I I I I 103 Hogue Street. ca. 1895. The longest occupant of thas resadence as john Watts 105 Hogue Street. ca. 1895. Thas duplex has had a successaon of black resadents. ( 1960-presem). Other occupants have lived here from fave to ten years. includtng Preston M. Key ( 1965-75 ). I OLD FOURTH WARD 107 I I 487 Irwin Street. 511 Irwin Street: Raines,Nichols House. I DEMOLISHED I I I I 1982 I I I I I I 5 11 lrwin Street: Rames-Nichols House. ca. 1895. Th1s is one of a row of s1x 19th I century shotgun dwelhngs. From 1935 to 1975, a member of the Lon me N1chols family 487 Irwin Street. 1925. These apartments were occup1ed by asenesofhlack tenants. hved here. A portiOn of the house's original decorative tnm IS mtact. I OLD FOURTH WARD 108 I I I 513 Irwin Street. 515 Irwin Street. I I I I I 1982 1982 I I I I I 513 Irwin Street. ca. 1895. This is another of the six shotgun houses. James R. I Goosby lived here from 1945 to 1965. The current occupant, Mrs. Tommie Lewis has 515 Irwin Street. ca. 1895. This is another of the six shotgun houses. The current lived here since 1970. occupant is a member of the family of Loran Burley, who moved here in 1960. I OLD FOURTH WARD 109 I I 51 7 Irwin Street. 482 Old Wheat Street. I I I I 1982----- I 1982 I I I I I I 517 Irwin Street. ca. 1895. This is another of the six shotgun houses. It has been 482 Old Wheat Street. 1911 . Thts butldtng has been occupted by blacks w::Johave I occupted by a senes of blacks who have rematned for ten years or less. rematned from ftve to IS years. ...___ _ I c OLD FOURTH WARD 110 ----- I I I 486 Old Wheat Street: 490 Old Wheat Street (rear). Raines-Richardson House. I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I I I 486 Old Wheat Street: Rames-Richardson House. 1915 and 1923 (rear). Members 490 Old Wheat Street( rear). 1911. Theoccupantsofthisduplex wereblaclc tenants of the Rames family, who ongmally owned these dwelhngs, hved here until recently. who remained from one to ten years. I OLD FOURTH WARD 111 I I 494 Old Wheat Street. 496~98 Old Wheat Street. I I I 1982 I I 1982 I I I I I I 494 Old Wheat Street. 1900-1905 and 1911 {rear). Built by Alexander Hamilton. 496-98 Old Wheat Street. This duplex has been occupied by a series of black This residence has been occupied by a series of black tenants, including William J. residents, includmg the Bolton family ( 1940-75) and the current resident, the pastor of I Simmons, a postal carrier ( 1906-30). the Zion Tabernacle Fire Baptist Holiness Church. I OLD FOURTH WARD 11 2 I I I 500 Old Wheat Street. 506-08 Old Wheat Street. I I I 1982 --- 1982 I I II I I I I I I I I I I 500 Old Wheat Street. 1937. This duplex has been occupaed by aseraesofshort-term 506-08 Old Wheat Street. 1917. Thas duplex has had a seraes of hlack resadents, tenants. ancludan!( barber John Haghtower ( 1920-3 5) and Manon Manter ( 19'50-present). I __j OLD FOURTH WARD 113 I J I 51 0-12 Old Wheat Street. 518-20 Old Wheat Street. I I I I 1982 1982::...____ _ I I I I I I I 510-12 Old Wheat Street. 1917. Thts duplex has had a senes of black tenants, I 5 18 -20 O ld Wheat Street. ca. 1895. This duplex has been occupted by black tenants includmg Mrs. Rosa M. Wans ( 1955-present). who have remamed from ftve to ten years. I ~ FOURTHWAR__ D__ _ 114 I I • HOGUE I I ~- I I I I li HOWELL ; I '---illiLJ'D p • I • ,-_ r•• •. • •• "1 T ••• • ~ r••, l I 0 I I r' 0 ~~[] • •I ffi~ ~~ I 8~~ I >~ I ""'l • •I co I • I • •I • I • •I • I BRADLEY • • • I • •I •I I • ll, • I I 65 Howell Street. 66 Howell Street. I I I DEMOLISHED I I 1982 I I I I I I 66 Ho we ll Street. ca. 1897 Antome Graves, a leading black real estate developer, 65 Howell Street. 1911-15. ThiS duplex has ~en occupted b,< asenes of black ltved here from 1900 unnl1925. A series of residents who have stayed from five to 15 I t~nant!>, mcludmJ.t the Connally family ( 1920-40) and Frank Taylor ( 1960-70). years have followed. I OLD FOURTH WARD 116 I I 68 Howell Street: 69 Howell Street. I Gray House. I I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I 68 Howell Street: Gray House. 1890-95. A member of the George Gray famtly lived I tn this house from before 1895 until 1955. Since 1955 there has been a successton of 69 Howell Street. ca. 1893. This house has always been occupt~J hy hlack'. tncluJtn~ short-term tenants. Lara Robinson ( 1935-50). I L - ----' OLD FOURTH WARD 117 =-] I I 70 Howell Street. 71 Howell Street. I I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I I 70 Howell Street. 1895-1900. This residence has been occupted by a series of black 71 Howell Street. 1915-20. This residence has been occupied by a sertes of black I tenams who have remained less than ten years. tenants, includtng Vmcem Cherry ( 1930-50). I OLD FOURTH WARD ______1_18 ~ I I I 7 2 Howell Street. 76 Howell Street. I I I 1982 I --198.:::...;::::.:2=------I I I I I I 76 H owell Street. ca. 1915. This residence has been occup1ed by blacks who have I 72 Howell Street . ca. 1915. Th1s house has been occup1ed by blacks since 1ts remaaned from one to I 5 years. This buiklang IS a well-preserved example of a simple constructiOn In 1925 at was used by the Plu Beta Fraternity. Craftsman cottage. I OLD FOURTH WARD 119 I I 78 Howell Street. 80 Howell Street. I I I I I ___ 1982 ___ 1982 I I I I I I I 7 8 Howell Street. ca. 19 12. This duplex has been occup1eJ hy a senes of blacks. 80 Howell Street. Cl. 1900. This res1dence has been occup1eJ by a s~nes of blacks mcludm~ot the Wllhe Cason fam•ly ( 1945-present). who have remamed for 10 years or less I I_ OLD FOURTH WARD 120 I I I 84 Howell Str..,.et:..... 88 Howell Street: Dillard~Gholston House. Henderson House. I I I 1982 1982 I I I I I I I I 84 Howiit Street: billard-Gholston House. ca. 1895-1900. This house has been 88 Howell Street: Henderson House. 1890-95. This house has been occupied by a occuptcd by only two famtlies: the Dillards ( 1905-40) and the Gholstons ( 1940- series of black residents, including Orlander and Mable Henderson ( 1920-50) and present). · Lylah H. Richardson ( 1950-present). I OLD FOURTH WARD 121 I l- I 89#91 Howell Street. 92 Howell Street: Gholston House. I I I 1982 I I 1982 I I I I I I 92 Ho we ll Street: Gholston House. 1895-1900. Henry A. Gholston was the longest 89-91 Howell Street. 1900-1905. This duplex has been occupted by aseriesofbladc resident of this house ( 1915-40 ). Most of the other occupants have remained for less I tenants, including Temple White ( 1920-45) and George Finley ( 1950-present). than five years. I OLD FOURTH WARD 122 I I I 93 Howell Street: 94 Howell Street. Foster-Mitchell House. I I I I 1982 I 1982 I I l I I I I 9 4 Ho well Street. 1895-1900. ln 1900 Robert Mttchell, edttor of the Southern 93 Howell Street: Foster-Mttchell House. ca. 1893. Only two families have lived m Christian Recorder, hved m thts house. Manon and Btrdu~ Gatther lived here from I thts house: the Fosters ( 1895-40) and the Mitchells ( 1945-present). 1920 to 1960. [ OLD FOURTH WARD I 123 I 95 Howell Street. 97 Howell Street I I I I I 1982 1982 ----- I I I I I I 95 Howell Street. 1890-1895. This house has been occupied by a series of black 97 Howell Street. 1890-1895. This residence has been occupaed by a series of black I residents, including Rev. Clifford and Lucy Gaither. resadents who remained from one to 15 years. I OLD FOURTH WARD 124 I I 98 Howell Street: 101 Howell Street. I Goosby House. I I I I I 1982 1982 I I I I L I * 98 H owell Street: Goosl:oy House. 1890-95. Tlus resodcnce has been occupoed by the I Goosby fumlly smcc 1900. TI-K>ma~ ..-.d Gcor~ooc Goosh, were promonent mntracrors 101 Howell Street. 1895-1900. Unnl 1940 thiS resodence was occupoed by black duron~ot the development of the Auburn communot) and buolt many of the rcsodenccs on tenants who remained for short penods of tome. A member of the Charles L Harris I the area. family has loved here sonce 1945. I OLD FOURTH WARD 125 ..------I 102 Howell Street: 103 Howell Street: Hamilton House. Taylor House. I I I 198=.2 ____ I I 1982 !908 I I I 4! L I I I I II L__ _ ------' I * 102 Howell Street: Hamilton House. 1890-95. Alexander Hamilton was the leadmg black contractor m Atlanta during the early 20th century. He lived here unnl 1940, and a member of his family still lives here. ln the late 1950s the house was d1v1ded mto 103 Howell Street: Taylor House. 1895-1900. ThiS house has always been occupied I apartments. The extenor IS embelliShed w1th a Palladian window on the second floor by blacks. From approximately 1900 to 1905 W1lham B. Matthews, princ1pal at Gate and a corner porch dehneated by Conmh1an columns. City School on Houston Street, lived here [_OLD FOURTH WARD 126 I I I 105 Howell Street. 106 Howell Street: Goss House. I I I I 1982 1982 I I I I I I I 106 Howell Street. Goss House. 1920-ZS . Napoleon Goss, an employee of the 105 Howell Street. 1895-1900. ThiS house has been occupied by a senes of black Atlanta Oak Aoonng Company, moved tnto thts house before 1935. A member of his family still lives here. I tenants, mcludmg Thomas and Bessie Burleagh ( 1930-60). I L OLDFOURTHWA_R_D______~ I 519 Irwin Street. 521 Irwin Street. I I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I I 521 Irwin Street. ca. 1895 Tlus dwelhng is one of a row of stx 19m century shotRUn 519 Irwin Street. ca. 1895. Thts dwelhng IS one of me six shotgun houses constructed houses It has been occupted by Rev. Perry Simmons, a reacher at Morns Brown m the 1890s. It was occupted by Mrs. Lots Johnson from 1935 to 1960. I College ( 1906) and a sertes of omer blacks who have remamed ten years or less. I ~O_U_R_TH___ vv_ :__ R _D______128 I I 5 23 Irwin Street. 527-31 Irwin Street. I 108-10 Howell Street. I I I 1982 1982 I I I I I I I 527-31 Irwin Street 108-10 Howell Street. 1923. Built by the Service Company. The downsrairs pornon of th1s buildmg has been the hom" of a white-owned grocery I 523 Irwin Street. 1900-1910. A member of the George Porter family has lived here ~tore and several black-owned busmessess: cleaners, restaurant, TV and rnd1o shop, since 1935. and beauty shops. I OLD FOURTH WARD 129 I I 528 Irwin Street. 532 Irwin Street. I I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I I I 528 Irwin Street. ca 1900. The present occupant of thts house, Mrs.julteSmtth, has I 532 Irwin Street. ca 1900. Thts restdence has been occupted by black tenants who I hveJ here .,once 1960. John Turner ltved here from 1935-1960. ___ _j L have rcmatned from five to 15 years. ------' I ------~------., I 130 ~LD FOURTH_ W_ A_R_D____ --,-- ______I I •i • I • D.. • I • • • I • • BRADLEY • I ·- • • •I I EJ C{] •= w8~0 ~ ~~,.-----.....? •I •I I I I 8 •I Ll I I I ~: I I I I I I I • ,.. I: I • I RANDOLPH STREET I •••••• • ...... • I _ I z -7 I I 131 I 70 Bradley Street. 7 2 Bradley Street. I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I I I 70 Bradley Street. 1926-30. This residence has been occupaed by black tenants who I have stayed leS!o than five years. It was converted anto apartments sometime after 72 Bradley Street. 1923-26 Tlus residence has been occupaed by black tenants. construction. including Andrew Cowan ( 1930-50). I L OLD FOURTH WARD 132 I I I 73 Bradley Street. 75 Bradley Street: Atkins Johnson House. I I I 1982 1982 I ----- I I I I I I 7 5 Bradley Street. AtkmsJ ohnson House at 1893 Thts n-std~nc~ has h.-~n occurt~ I I 73 Bradley Street. 1945-50. This residence has been occupted by black tenants, I ~t.~~:cks smce 1895. Smce 1935 tt has been owned by memlx·r~ of tht• John ..on famtly· j mcludmg Mrs. Anme Robison, who lived here from 1965 to 1980. ~es H., Mmme, and Aubrey F. - I OLD FOURTH WARD 133 1 I L ------I 79 Bradley Street. 83 Bradley Street. I I I 1982 I I 1982 I I I I I I 79 Bradley Street. ca. 1893. Three families have occup1ed th1s dwelling for long penods Luc1us Laster, a laborer at Fulton Mills, until 191 0; john Glenn, an employee I ofCap1tol Ciry Laundry, from 1915 10 1935; and Wilhe and Eula Preston, from 1945 83 Bradley Street! Dickson House. 1909. From 1930 to 1975, th1s bu1lding was to the present. occupted by Mrs. julia D. Dtckson, who worked as a maid and cook. I OLD FOURTH WARD 134 I I I 85~87 Bradley Street. 90 Bradley Street. I I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I 90 Bradley Street. 1900-19 10. This build mg has been occupted by a series of black I 85-87 Bradley Street. 1909. This duplex has been the residence of black tenanrs, tenants, mcludmg the DaviS and Johnson famtlies, who were long-term occupants mcluding John O'Neal, a laborer ( 1945-75 ). between 19 10 and 1955. I 135 I I 92 Bradley Street. 95 Bradley Street: I Cox-Hamilton-Gilmore House. I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I I 95 Bradley Street: Cox-Hamilton-Gilmore House. 1900-19 10. This building has I 92 Bradley Street. 1900-1910. This building has been occupied by a series of black been occupied by black tenants, including Julia and Franlc Hamilton ( 1915-35) and tenants, including Richard and Lenora Miles ( 1925-60). Homer and Hortense Gilmore (1945-80). I [ OLD FOURTH WARD 136 I I I 96 Bradley Street. 99 Bradley Street. I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I I I 99 Bradley Street. 1895-1900. The maJOr tenant of this building was Benjarmn F. I 96 Bradley Street. 1890-95. llus bu1ldmg has been occup1ed by a senes of black Cofer ( 1915-30, 1950), a real estate developer and busmessman of Auburn Avenue. In tenants, mcludmg Grant Walker ( 1915-35) and the Cowan family (1945-70). I 1965 the buildmg was converted into apartments. I l I OLD FOURTH WARD 137 J I 100 Bradley Street: 103 Bradley Street. Johnson-Gaines House. I I I I 1982 1982 I I I I I I I 100 Bradley Street: Johnson Gaines House. ca. 1910. The Games family ltved here from 1940 to 1960, until Felicia Gaines marned George McKmley, a landscaper, who I 0 3 Bradley Street. 1900-1910. This structure has been occup1ed · by tenants who I moved tn around 1965. The house is still owned by the Games family. have rcmameJ five to ten year-. I LoLD FOURTH WARD --~ I I I 1 04·1 06 Bradley Street. 105·51h Bradley Street. I I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I 105·5~ Bradley Street. 1900-1910. Willie B. Swain, an employee of Aowers Laundry, and Emma L. Swain, a maid, have occupied 105~ since 1945. 105 has been I 104·1 06 Bradley Street. 1900-1910. These apartmenrs have been occupied by black occupied by a series of tenants. The building's appearance remains virtually unchanged tenants, mcludmgJune and Lawrence Broughton, who have ltved in 10411 smce 1955. since its date of construction. I ~---O__L _ D_F_O__U _ R_T_H__ VV_ A__R _ D______I3_ 9~ I I 1 08·1 0 Bradley Street. 112 Bradley Street. I I I 1982 I I 198 2 I I I I I I 1 12 Bradley Street. 1900.05. This building has been occupied by a series of black I 108-10 Bradley Street. 19 10. Built by G.L. Goosby. Since 1955 dus building has tenants who have lived here less than 15 years. This is a typical shotgun house with all been occupied by James and Eva Edwards, who run a grocery at 370 Auburn. l the origmal ornament on the facade. ..______------{ I OLD FOURTH WARD 140 I I I 559 Irwin Street. 5 79 Irwin Street: Pollard House. I I I 1982 1982 I I I I I I I 579 Irwin Street. Pollard House. ca. 1893. This residence was occupied by the I 559 Irwin Street. ca. 1893. The current residents of this house, the Jamesons, have Pollard family for over 60 years (1895-1960). Since 1960 it has been occupied by a hved here since 1960. All previous occupants remained from one to IS years. series of residents. I I OLD FOURTH WARD 141 I 591 Irwin Street. 594~ 96 Irwin Street. I I I DEMOLISH ED 1982 I I I I L I I I I 594-96 Irwin Street. ca. 1910. This building has been used by a grocery store, except 59 1 Irwin Street. 1900-1910. Thts residence has been occupied by a seraes of black for a short peraod m the 1920s when it was a restaurant. The adjoming dwelling has I tenants who have remamed less than five years. been occupteJ by a senes of black tenants who have stayed from one to 15 years I OLD FOURTH WARD 142 I I I 598-600 Irwin Street. 70 Randolph Street. I I I 1982 1982 I I r I I I I I I 598-600 Lrwin Street. 1900-1910. This duplex has been occupied byaseriesofblack 70 Randolph Street. ca. 1931. This residence has been occupied by a series of black L_ tenants, mcludmg Thomas Meadows ( 1940-QO) and Sallie Williams ( 1960-present). tenants. It was converted to a duplex about 1950. I • OLD FOURTH WARD 143 I I 71 Randolph Street. 76 Randolph Street. I I I I I 1982 1982 I I I I I I 71 Randolph Street. ca. 1895. This buildmg has been occupied by black tenants who 76 Randolph Street. 1900-1910. Th1s house has been occup1ed by a senes of black I have remamed for one to IS years. residents, mcludmg Will and Mottie Lackey (1940-present). I I_ OLD FOURTH WARD 144 I I 81 Randolph Street: 84 Randolph Street: I Bailey House. Edwards House. I I I ______198~2 ______I I 1982 I I I I I I 81 Randolph Street: Bailey House. ca. 1895. The current resident of this house, 84 Randolph Street. Edwards House. 1890-1900. This house has been occupied by Frank B. Bailey, has lived here since before 1930. the Edwards family since 1915. Mrs. Rosa Edwards is the current occupant. I OLD FOURTH WARD 145 J I I 86 Randolph Street. 87 Randolph Street: Lofton Apartments. I I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I I 86 Randolph Street. L9Z4. Built by Gnffin & Hams Th1s duplex has been occupied hy a ..em·' nf hlack tenants. mcluding Bess1e Finch ( 1930-65) and Ethel Davis ( 1930- 87 Randolph Street! Lofton Apartments. 19Z5 and 1933-78 (outbuilding). These I prc~,·nt) apartments have been occupied by a series of black tenants. I L OLD FOURTH WARD 146 I I I 90 Randolph Street: 91 Randolph Street: Jones~Brown House. Bostic House. I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I I 90 Randolph Street: Jones-Brown House. 1900-1910. This house has been occupied I by the John W . Jones family ( 1900-1955) and James and Jennye Brown (1960- 91 Randolph Street: Bostic House. ca. 1895. Rias Bostic. the curent occupant, has present). lived here since 1935. I OLD FOURTH WARD 147 I J I 93 Randolph Street. 94 Randolph Street: I Cudger House. I I I 1982 1982 I I I I I I I 94 Randolph Street: Cudger House. 1900-1910. This house has been occupied by 93 Randolph Street . 1905. This house has been occupied by a series of black tenants, members of the Cudger family since 1930: Burgess (1930s), Bugsie ( 1940s), and Buzzie I includang James and I net Stovall ( 1960-present}. ( 1950-present). I OLD FOURTH WARD 148 I I I 97 Randolph Street. 99 Randolph Street: Maddox House. I I I 1982 I I 1982 I I I I I I I 97 Randolph Street. 1905-10. This house has been occupied by a series of black 99 Randolph Street: Maddox House. 1904. Built by Jim Denton. This house was tenants. includmg Frank B. Lula Brown ( 1915-50). occupied by painter John H. Maddox's family from 1905 unul 1965. I L·------' OLD FOURTH WARD 149 I I 100 Randolph Street. 104 Randolph Street. I I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I I I 100 Randolph Street. ca 1893. 11us house has been occup1ed by a senes of black 104 Randolph Street. 1911-15. Th1s house has been occup1ed by a senes of black tenants, mcludmg R1chard B. Perry ( 1895-1930) and Reddie Dawson ( 1950-75 ). tenants, mcludmg George Cudger ( 1930-50) and h1s widow Lula Cudger ( 1960-70) I 150 I I I 106 Randolph Street. 107 Randolph Street. I I I 1982 I I 1982 I I I I I I 106 Rando lph Street. 1905. This house has been occupied by a series of black 107 Randolph Street. 1893. This house has been occupied by a series of black I tenanrs, including Lime Norwood ( 1920-35) and J ulius High ( 1945.(;5 ). tenants including Sarah L. Maddox (1940.(;0). I OLD FOURTH WARD 15 1 I 119 Randolph Street: 544-46 Edgewood Avenue: I Southern Food Stores. Ace Grill. I I I 1982 1982 I I I I I I I 544-46 Edgewood Avenue: Ace Grill. 1900-1905. Until 1915 this building was 119 Randolph Street: Southern Food Stores. 1931. This building has been used as a used as a pharmacy and doctor'soffice. From 1920 to 1970 it was a grocery; since 1970 I grocery store since its construction. it has been a restauranr. I OLD FOURTH WARD 152 I I ======~~ ~...... ~RI.MRI .. IIIMM41WIWIWWW'h .. ~M·I~M~IMMRI ...... ~aRM~MR~~~-~IM_.~ .. -. .... I HOWELL I I I I • • • I • • BRADLEY • BRADLEY I I • \Jla.. ·---:i ·•. IG (X) ·.: I i I• I I ~ r;;:;-r . I • . ~ . •I I I I I I I I : ~ •I 1!LJ 590 I •I I RANDOLPH STREET •I I • • [ •••••• • I• • I -······• ·- ...... • I CORNELIA ') I 153 I 561 Auburn Avenue. 563 Auburn Avenue. I I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I I 561 Auburn Avenue. 1905-10. This residence has always been occupied by blacks. I Between 1936 and 1965 it was the home of Martha Harris and her husband, James 563 Auburn Avenue. 1905-1 0. This buildmg has been occupied by a senes of black Dillard. tenants, mcludmg Marie Marshall, a laundress ( 1935-50). I L OLD FOURTH WARD 154 I I I 565 Auburn Avenue. 568 Auburn Avenue. I I I 1982 I I 1982 I I I I I I 568 Auburn Aven ue. ca. 1890. Thts dwelltng was divided tnto two apartments 565 Au burn A venue. 1905-10. This restdence has been occupied by a series of black somettme around 1920. Smce then. several black tenants have occupied tt, including residents who have remained from five to fifteen years. Rev. Harvey E. Johnson and his famtly ( 1930-70). I I OLD FOURTH WARD 155 I 577 Auburn Avenue. 581·83 Auburn Avenue. I I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I I 577 Auburn Avenue. 1923. Built by Alexander Hamilton. This duplex has been 581-83 Auburn Avenue. 1903-1910. This duplex has been occupied by a series of I occupied by a series of black tenants, most of whom have stayed from five to ten years. black tenants, most of whom have stayed from five to ten years. I OLD FOURTH WARD -- ~ ------~---~ I I I 582 Auburn Avenue. 586,588 Auburn Avenue. I I I 1982 I I 1982 I I I I I 582 Auburn Avenue. ca. 1898. This residence was occupted by the Thomas family 586-588 Auburn Avenue. ca. 1910. ThiS duplex has been occupted by a senes of I until 1945 Mark Thomas, Jr., was a physictan. By 1960, the house had been divided tenants. The longest resident was Coleman Flenoy, who ltved m 586 from 1945 to mto apartments. 1970. I I ~ OLDFOURT_H_VV__ A_ R_D______1_ 5_7____ ~ I 590 Auburn Avenue. 594 Auburn Avenue. I I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I ------I 590 Auburn Avenue. 1911. Built by Thomas Goosby. Th1s bUIIdmg has been used as a combmed comme r c~al-residen tial structure. The commencal part of the bUIIdmg has been used as a grocery ( 1920-40), cafe, radio repa1r shop, beauty shop, and 594 Auburn Avenue. 19 11 . Built by McConnell and W ·•kles. Th1sbulldmghoused I barbershop. a gnKcry store and two dwelhng umts. I ~ FOUR_TH___ vv__ A _R_D~~------1 _5_8 ____~ I I 597~601 Auburn Avenue. 44~50 Randolph Street 587~93 Auburn Avenue: I Wigwam Apartments. I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I 44·50 Randolph Street 587-593 Auburn Avenue: W1gwam Apartments. 1940. J H. Burley, builder and Vmcent Daley, architect. The Wigwam has been I occup1ed by Dorothy King, president of Cornelius King Realty ( 1950-present), Carlton Lee, professor at Morris Brown ( 1945), W1lham Holmes, secretary of the 597-601 Auburn Avenue. ca. 1910. Th1s duplex has housed several residents, Butler Srreet YMCA ( 1950..60), and Cornelius Kmg (1955 ). The Ind1an statue on top mcludmg Ma~t~tiC R1chardson ( 1915-30 ). Two churches, the Holy Church of the Uvmg of the buHdmg was m honor of Cornelius King, the first owner of the buildmg, who was I God ( 1940-55) and the House of God Holy Church ( 1965-present), have also half Native American. The composition and detailing of th1s apartment building make occupu~d the structure. It one of the best examples of the International style in the Atlanta area. I OLD FOURTH WARD 159 I HOWELL -:. :-u ·------· ------··-· . I I : -...) (,.,J -...) - : ' I ' ' -ww~ ::'' ' ' [J : : oL- 1• 0 JI ~ I I • • • I • • • BRADLEY I • BRADLEY • I > I z~ I D L...... t------,-----,-----. c m I • ·-- ..J J I •I _ .._,Vl 'f I r-'-~---ll I Vl (Jl- .I • L---....1...--~ •I ------· ------I . ALLEY .:-"' .. ,.., ------• VlVl I ~ ~ • -.--:------1· RANDOLPH STREET I • • --- I • Gl • • ~ I I ...... ·- ...... ~ ...... ~ CORNELIA I I \\ 160 I I I 560 Edgewood Avenue: 571 Edgewood Avenue. Atlanta Belting Company. I I I 1982 1982 I I I I I I I 560 Edgewood Avenue: Atlanra Belting Company. 1926. Griffin Construction Company, builder, and Green & Company, architect. Originally used as a Coca-Cola bottling plant, this building is said to be the prototype for all Coca-Cola bottling plants I built from the 1920s to the 1950s. Smce 1960 the Atlanta Belting company has been 571 Edgewood Avenue. 1905-10. This building has been occup1ed by blacks since the occupant. 1915. No resident has remamed for more than four years. I I - OLD FOURTH WARD 161 II L______j I 575-81 Edgewood Avenue. 591-95 Edgewood Avenue: I Atlanta Cabinet Shop. I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I I I 575-8 I Edgewood Avenue. 19 12. 575-77 was the Site of a senes ofltght mdustn al plants, most of whtch were present fo r less than five years. From 1925 to 1940. 579was the me of a whtte-owned grocery. 581 was first occup1ed by a black; later, Ollte Wml(ate, a wh1te plumber, occupted 581 ( 1920-40). In 1940 the Southern Plumbmg I and Hl'llttn ll Spectalty Company combmed w1th W mgate's ftrm and occupted 579 and 591-9 5 Edgewood Avenue: Adanta Cab met Shop. 1929. The Atlanta Cahmet Shop 58 1 unnl 1955. ha' been 1n 1h1> butldmg smce 11s construction. I ~DFOURTH__ VV__ A_ R_D______1(>2 I I I 600 Edgewood Avenue. 9-l 7 Howell Street. I I - I 1982 1982 I I I I I I I 600 Edgewood Avenue. ca. 18~5. Tlus bualdong has been used as a bakery, wholesale food company, una form rental, and light industrial plant (after 1940). The longest term 9·17 Ho well Street. 1942. Built by A.P. Agnew. These apartment bu1IJml(!>, \\h1ch I use was a me recappong plant ( 1950-65 ). have 12 un 1ts each, h.we been occup1ed by a senes of bla~k renanr,. I OLD FOURTH WARD l(d I I 23 Howell Street. 2 7 Howell Street. I I I 1982 I I 1982 I I I I I I 27 Howell Street. 19 11 -19 15. This house has been occupied by blacks since 1910, 23 Howell Street. 1915-1920. This residence has been occupied by Emma Thomas mcludmg Robert Anton ( 191 5-40), Frank Hester ( 1950-60), and Matne Edwards I ( 1920-35), a series of shot-term tenants, and Elijah Watts ( 1965-present). ( 1965-75). I OLD FOURTH WARD 164 I I I 3 1 Howell Street: 11, 15 Randolph Street: Graves,Trainer House. Greater Fellowship Baptist Church. I I • I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I ll-15 Randolph Street: Greater Fellowshtp Baptist Church. 1924. This bUilding was originally used by the Turner memorial AME Church, named for Bishop H.M. Turner, I 3 1 Howell Street: Graves-Trainer House. ca. 1909. This residence has always been an Atlanta AME bishop who was an advocate of pan-African black power in the late occupied by blacks. From 1910 until 1968, the Graves family lived here. 19th and early 20th centurtes. The Turner church was here until after 1960. I OLD FOURTH WARD I 165 I 19 Randolph Street. 23 Randolph Street. I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I I I 19 Randolph Street. 1944. This res1dence has been occupied by black tenants who 23 Rando lph Street. 1928. BUilt by A1ken & Faulkner. Th1s house has been occup1ed I have hved here for five to ten years. l:>y a senes of black tenant~. mcludmg Mary E Bowman ( 1930-50). I OLD FOURTH WARD 166 ------I I I 29 Randolph Street. 31·33 Randolph Street: Thompson House. I I I 1982 I 1982 I I I I I I 31-3 3 Randolph Street: Thompson House. 1893-1910 (11 )and ca. 1893 (33). Th1s I 29 Randolph Street. 1922. This res1dence has been occup1ed by a senes of black house ha~ been occup1ed by blacks since 1895. The Thompson family has owned the tenants, mcludmg MaJOr). and Sus1e Lee (1935-75). house Since 1920. I OLD FOURTH WARD 167 I L ------I 39 Randolph Street. I I I I I 1982 I I I I I I 39 Randolph Street. 1900. Built by South Georgaa Lumber Company. Thas house has had a senes of black occupants, including Mrs. Mane Thomas ( 1955-present). I I 168 ~D FOURTH W_A_R_D===------I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I