Collegelands, Glasgow: Desk Based Assessment Appendix 1: Site Gazetteer

COLLEGELANDS, GLASGOW: ARCHAEOLOGICAL DESK-BASED ASSESSMENT

Site Gazetteer

Site Number 1 Site Name Central Area Conservation Area Type of Site Conservation Area Listing No./NRHE Number HER Number Status Conservation Area Easting 259872 Northing 665272 Council Glasgow Description Centre point recorded close to the Site. Conservation Area extends westward. Within the 250m Study Area there are 36 Listed Buildings (8 Category A; 27 Category B; 1 Category C) within the CA.

Glasgow Central Conservation Area comprises the City Centre at the heart of Greater Glasgow. The Conservation Area extends from Garnethill in the north-west to the Necropolis in the north-east, and from Broomielaw in the south-west to Albert Bridge in the south-east.

Earliest history Archaeological evidence indicates human activity on the banks of the Clyde for 8000 years. However, settlement patterns cannot be confirmed prior to the 6th century. At this stage it appears that a pair of closely related settlements began the formation of what has become the City of Glasgow. St Kentigern established a monastery overlooking the Molendinar Burn in the late 6th or early 7th century and a fishing hamlet was settled near a ford over the Clyde (where Victoria Bridge stands today) in the same period. The route between these settlements is marked by the Saltmarket and High Street. The east-west route along the Clyde Valley probably crossed this; it was certainly in place by the time Burgh status was granted by William the Lion between 1175–78.

Mediaeval The meeting of the Saltmarket, High Street, Gallowgate and Trongate established Glasgow Cross as the mercantile hub to the ecclesiastical hub slightly to the north centred on Bishop John’s cathedral of 1136. Both settlements grew in the mediaeval period, the mercantile settlement westwards along the Trongate and northwards along the High Street. The two settlements had merged into one town by the time the University was founded in 1451 and acquired property on the east side of the High Street in 1460. Glasgow Green (adjoining the Conservation Area) was granted as common grazing by Bishop William Turnbull in 1450.

Renaissance The importance of the Clyde as a trade route increased the prosperity of Glasgow in the 16th century. By the 17th century the Town Council was constructing civic buildings in stone and wealthier merchants replaced timber dwellings with stone tenements. A new Tolbooth was built in 1626 and the magnificent courtyards of the University of Glasgow were constructed off the High Street from the 1630s. Several fires in the 17th century led to the introduction of building codes: new or repaired buildings on the High Street were to be of stone with arcades at the ground floor.

18th century 18th-century trade in sugar and particularly tobacco fuelled the aspirations of private individuals and the Town Council. Westward expansion continued as new streets were laid out. Broomielaw Quay was rebuilt in 1722 and served as the city’s first and only harbour until the late 18th century. A number of small classical mansions, such as Shawfield (1711), Murdoch’s (1751), Dunlop’s (1751), Dreghorn (1752) and Virginia (1756) Site Gazetteer

Mansions, were constructed for merchants in the suburban outskirts, notably on the north side of what is now Argyle Street. The demolition of the West Port in 1751 allowed the unfettered expansion of urban residential development westwards along the line of Argyle Street. James Barrie (1734- 89), the first ‘surveyor and measurer for the city’ from 1773, laid out a number of streets south of Ingram Street (the mediaeval Back Cow Loan) on an individual basis following the lines of the mediaeval riggs and lanes(e.g. Jamaica Street in 1761, Miller Street in 1762 and Queen Street in 1766). Then, in 1772, Barrie devised the first area-wide grid-iron street plan for the Town Council’s Ramshorn lands north of Ingram Street. Plans of 1792, attributed to James Craig, expanded the grid westward over the adjoining Meadowflat Crofts (Queen Street to Buchanan Street) of the Town Council and the privately owned Blythswood Estate. A small development of elegant linked mercantile mansions in Charlotte Street was completed in the manner of Robert Adam from 1779. Robert Adam himself and his brother James were active in the city in the early 1790s, adding sophisticated civic and residential developments to the long, flat elevations of Glasgow’s First New Town. In most cases the designs were aligned with the grid-plan to provide carefully controlled views, or vistas, to and from the building. The deepening of the Clyde in 1771 and the completion of the Forth-Clyde Canal in 1790 sealed Glasgow‘s role as the major player in Scotland’s transatlantic trade route. Other transport improvements included the Monklands Canal of 1773-90.

19th century By 1800 cotton had supplanted tobacco as the principal trading commodity. Legions of other trading, commercial, industrial and associated activities flourished throughout the 19th century, including: grain milling; textile and clothing manufacture; brewing; food and drink storage/trading; shipbuilding; engineering; iron and brass foundering; chemical and paint production; pottery; and printing. Between 1801 and 1821 the population of the city is thought to have nearly doubled from about 77,000 to 147,000. Large numbers of Lowland, Highland, Island and Irish workers moved to the city. By 1861 the population was about 400,000 and by 1901 about 760,000 (incorporating outlying burghs and districts). Rapid early 19th‑century expansion saw the “new town” become a commercial centre, replacing its initial residential character. In 1820 the architect James Gillespie Graham revised and continued the Blythswood street plan south to meet the streets north of the Broomielaw, which were filling with warehouses supplying trade overseas. Speculative terraces of townhouses gradually crept across the substantial Blythswood lands until the plots of the gridplan above St Vincent Street were finally filled in the 1860s. Lower down the slope of Blythswood Hill the uses were more mixed, with tenements, warehouses, factories, works, mills, builders’ yards and foundries occupying the blocks side-by-side. David Laurie extended the grid‑iron street plan from the south bank of the Clyde in 1801 with grand proposals to the west of Stockwell Bridge. Tradeston followed to plans by John Gardiner. Quays, wharves and goods, or ‘transit’ sheds lined the river frontage. The westward expansion of the city saw the mediaeval centre around the Tron fall into overcrowded and insanitary slums of ‘single ends’ (single room tenements). These were cleared by the City Improvement Trust after the 1866 Improvement Act and the residents were re-housed in model estates, mainly on the periphery of the city (e.g. Overnewton and Oatlands). Old streets, such as Trongate, Saltmarket, High Street, Bridgegate, Bell Street and Albion Street, were widened and realigned. Some of the new buildings were built to designs by the city’s Office of Public Works from 1880. Factory tenements and warehouses formed the principal replacement building types, as land values rose so much following the slum clearances and arrival of the railways that the City Improvement Trust came under pressure to recoup its clearance costs by selling the land to commercial developers. In 1831 Fir Park, the hill to the east of the Cathedral, was turned into a commercial cemetery, the Necropolis, re-establishing the Cathedral precinct’s importance to the Victorian city. However, the area to the south and west of the Cathedral precinct had fallen into decay and its clearance resulted in the almost total loss of any historic fabric associated with Glasgow’s original settlements. The University of Glasgow relocated to Gilmorehill in the West End in 1870, leaving its magnificent High Street buildings for destruction by a subsidiary of the North British Railway Company. Garnethill had some villa development in the mid 19th century, ultimately replaced by tenemented properties by the end of the century on the now ubiquitous grid-plan. Major transport infrastructure improvements included: the Glasgow, Paisley & Ardrossan Canal of 1811 (converted to a railway in the 1880s); the construction of turnpike roads and bridges; durable surfacing of the City Centre roads and pavements; introduction of railways and their associated structures from Site Gazetteer

1842; one of the first tram systems in Britain (1872 onwards); the Glasgow Subway (opened in 1896). The arrival of the three great railway stations of Queen Street (1842, rebuilt 1878-80), St Enoch (1870- 79) and Central (1879-1905) aided the fast expansion of the city’s trading, commercial and industrial businesses, and placed Glasgow as the second city of the Empire. Other infrastructure projects that enabled the growth and prosperity of the city were the building of docks (1867 onwards) and quays, deepening of the River Clyde to enable navigation, the provision of fresh water through the Glasgow Water Company (1806) and later the massive Loch Katrine Water Supply Schemes (1856-60 and 1882-1896), sewage treatment from 1894 (prior to this almost all the city’s sewage and effluent ended up in the River Clyde without treatment), gas manufacture and supply (Glasgow Gas Light Company of 1817 and later municipal supply under the Glasgow Corporation Gas Act of 1869), and electricity generation and supply (from 1890). Glasgow Town Council, which became Glasgow Corporation in 1895, was an active promoter of efficient administration and municipal improvements for the benefit its citizens. Apart from transport and utilities, the Corporation was an early and enthusiastic supporter of initiatives to improve health and education (e.g. provision of parks, recreation grounds, public halls, libraries, art galleries, museums etc.). The wealth and confidence created by all the trading/commercial/industrial activities fuelled an extraordinary building and engineering boom in the City Centre in the second half of the 19th century. Vast and opulent retail and storage warehouses, storehouses, banks, offices, shops, stables, churches, institutional and public buildings replaced many of the domestic blocks in the Merchant City, Broomielaw and lower slopes of Blythswood Hill. In some cases, such as the spectacular City Chambers of 1882 by William Young, the buildings took over two whole city blocks of the grid-plan. Others, like the Hatrack Building (Salmon, Son & Gillespie, 1899-1902) at 142a-144 St Vincent Street, made full use of narrow sites by building upwards and utilising modern elevator technology. Such was the vibrance of the architectural and design professions in the city that a ‘Glasgow Style’, based on sinuous,flowing natural forms, emerged in the late 19th century.

20th century - present Glasgow continued to be a successful trading, commercial and industrial city into the 20th century, but the seeds of its decline began to show in the 1920s and 30s when the old industries declined and unemployment soared. By 1938 the population peaked at about 1.1 million. Although the City Centre was relatively unscathed by wartime bombing, the Bruce Plan of 1945 by the City Engineer proposed a phased replacement of every building and construction of a surrounding box of highways to create a utopian whole. The marked post-War decline in trade and industry saw some areas fall into neglect and resulted in the substantial loss of historic fabric on the Broomielaw. The only part of Robert Bruce’s 1945 plan to be implemented was the arm of the M8 that enclosed the centre of Glasgow by the late 1960s, cutting it off from its western and northern expansions. Sir Patrick Abercrombie (1879-1957), a distinguished planning expert, prepared the Clyde Valley Report of 1946, which identified the need to disperse between 250,000 to 300,000 people from central Glasgow to improve housing conditions. To this end, large areas were designated as Comprehensive Development Areas and populations moved to the peripheral townships of Castlemilk, Drumchapel, Easterhouse and Pollok, and later to the New Towns of East Kilbride and Cumbernauld. This displacement had an enormous impact on local districts in the city and on the City Centre itself – the population of Anderston, Kingston and Townhead Wards declined by about 50% between 1961 and 1971. Where redevelopment took place, the trend was for high-rise, high-density housing. The late Frank Worsdall, a champion of historic buildings in the city, described 1971 as ‘The Black Year of Destruction’. Losses of historic buildings in that year included the Tilly & Henderson Textile Workhouse, Miller Street, of 1855 by Alexander Kirkland, William McGeoch’s Ironmongery Warehouse, West Campbell Street, of 1905 and the splendid Alhambra Theatre, Waterloo Street, of 1910, both by Sir John Burnet. Statutory listing began to be implemented from the mid 1960s, but it was not until November 1972 that a comprehensive survey was instructed and greater recognition given to the magnificent legacy of late 19th century, Edwardian and later buildings in the City Centre.In spite of the massive post-War economic and population changes and the pressures for redevelopment, the grid-iron street plan established in the City Centre at the close of the 18th century remained essentially intact throughout the 20th century. Some city blocks of the Victorian period lost their original feu pattern to be replaced with superblocks, occasionally Site Gazetteer

amalgamating city blocks. The Broomielaw has arisen again as crucial to the city’s trade, albeit in financial services within large new office buildings. St Enoch Station and Hotel were demolished in 1977 and replaced by a shopping centre, the former railway lines remaining as car parks (excluded from the Conservation Area). The Merchant City has been the subject of a significant regeneration programme in recent years and benefitted from investment in the historic environment through a Townscape Heritage Initiative (THI) scheme. Many historic buildings have been successfully regenerated to house a mix of uses, including cultural, administrative, educational, residential, retail and commercial.

Site Number 2 Site Name 94 DUKE STREET ST MUNGO'S RC SCHOOL ANNEXE INCLUDING GATEPIERS (FORMERLY ALEXAN Type of Site Listed Building Listing No./NRHE Number LB33827 HER Number Status Listed Building: Category A Easting 260182 Northing 665190 Council Glasgow Description John Burnet (senior), 1858, as Alexander's Public School; campanile; Italianate composition, but with some Greek revival detailing; 2-storeys; polished ashlar; near symmetrical, advanced and pedimented gables at ends, long centre with steps to arcaded loggia at ground, thin campanile is in left re-entrant angle; distinctive glazing pattern presumably original; shallow- pitched slate roofs. Also range at rear.

Boundary wall to street also ashlar, square gatepiers.

Statement of Special Interest Built as adjunct to adjoining R F & J Alexander's Cotton Thread Mill, part now surviving as Great Eastern Hotel. Upgraded to category A, 24 April 1998. Conversion to business centre under way February 2000 (CRGP architects) with substantial modern extension to rear.

References Bibliography APSD (Cost ?6,000).

Site Number 3 Site Name 100 DUKE STREET, 1 AND 3 DUKE WYND, FORMER GREAT EASTERN HOTEL Type of Site Listed Building Listing No./NRHE Number LB33828 HER Number Status Listed Building: Category B Easting 260269 Northing 665173 Council Glasgow Site Gazetteer

Description Charles Wilson, 1848, as R F and J Alexander's Cotton Spinning Mill; subsequently converted, and opened 1909 as hotel for working men, with roller skating rink 200' long and laid with maple floor. Neil C Duff, architect. Original building plain Italian renaissance. Fireproof construction, with jack-arches, brick on lower floors, concrete on corrugated arched plates to upper floors. Massive symmetrical block, 6 storeys above sunken basement including (additional) attic storey (also to design of Duff) above main cornice; massive symmetrical front with shallow advanced 3-bay ends; emphasis at centre and neo-baroque doorcase by Duff. Painted ashlar with rusticated quoins and dressings to - mostly basket- arched - ground floor openings; minimal decoration above ground. Roof concealed from street.

Statement of Special Interest Converted to flats with additional residential properties within the grounds 2009.

Site Number 4 Site Name 29-35 (ODD NOS) EAST CAMPBELL STREET, LODGING HOUSE MISSION INCLUDING HALL, VESTR Type of Site Listed Building Listing No./NRHE Number LB33829 HER Number Status Listed Building: Category B Easting 260060 Northing 664840 Council Glasgow Description Haig and Low, 1863-4; interior alterations Wylie Wright and Wylie, 1932-3. Substantial, 2- storey, 5-bay, United Presbyterian church (replacing predecessor of 1792) in Italian Palazzo Cinquecento style with some neo-Greek details. Buff sandstone ashlar. Outer bays slightly advanced with giant Roman Doric pilasters; plain pilaster strips to central bays. Recessed round- arched triple doorways to ground, each with square Tuscan columns flanking; timber panelled 2-leaf doors. Horizontal string courses threaded behind giant order. Round-arched and corniced windows to 1st floor. Deep entablature with dentiled cornice and balustraded parapet above.

INTERIOR: floor added 1936 at balcony level; coombed ceiling with elaborate moulded plasterwork details and ceiling roses. Slender cast-iron columns with foliate capitals between windows.

FORMER VESTRY/HALL/SCHOOLROOM TO RIGHT (N): 2 storey, 3-bay hall following palazzo style. Lino-stoned ashlar. Bipartite windows to central bay; cast iron railings to ground floor windows. Round-arched windows to 1st floor. Moulded cornice, blocking course over with raised central section and pair of octagonal chimney cans.

Traditional glazing pattern and timber framed windows throughout, some with decorative panels and coloured margins. Cast iron rainwater goods.

Statement of Special Interest An impressive, well-proportioned and finely detailed United Presbyterian church built at a cost of £6,500 to seat 1400, making it one of the largest in Glasgow at that time. John Haig and David Paton Low won the commission in a limited design competition. The confident use of the Italian palazzo style and the detailing adds significantly to the interest of the streetscape. The galleries and seating were removed by architects, Wylie Wright and Wylie in 1932-3 and a floor was added to provide social centre accommodation at ground floor and continued use as a church on the upper floor. Site Gazetteer

The former vestry/hall/schoolroom to the right adds considerably to the group value here, contributing stylistic unity to the streetscape. Designed in a similar vein to the church, it is understood to have been built slightly earlier.

The Haig & Low partnership practiced in Glasgow from 1859 until 1875. John Haig was born in Glasgow. David Paton Low was from Dundee where he trained and from where he won the Soane Medallion. The partnership became prominent after winning third place in the Wallace Monument competition of 1859 but apart from the East Campbell Street Church its early success was not maintained.

List description revised as part of the Glasgow East End listing review, 2010.

References Bibliography Building News, Feb 13th 1863, Williamson, Riches and Higgs, Buildings of Scotland, Glasgow (1990), p452. Sam Small, Greater Glasgow: An Illustrated Architectural Guide (2008). Ordnance Survey Maps, Lanarkshire (1856-9, 1892-7, 1938-42). Dictionary of Scottish Architects www.scottisharchitects.org.uk [accessed 20.10.10].

Site Number 5 Site Name 131 ROTTENROW, UNIVERSITY OF STRATHCLYDE, ARCHITECTURE BUILDING Type of Site Listed Building Listing No./NRHE Number LB51962 HER Number Status Listed Building: Category B Easting 259755 Northing 665423 Council Glasgow Description Frank Fielden of Frank Fielden and Associates, 1964-7. 3-storey and basement, 12-bay Modernist school of architecture and building science with prominent 2-storey projecting bay windows, distinctive angled rooflights and recessed ground floor. Integral single storey, roughly square-plan lecture theatre to W. Part of post-war university campus within an urban setting. Set on ground falling away to S. Exposed in-situ concrete frame creating base course, band courses and parapet; blue and black brick in stretcher bond external cavity walls. Cut through entrance to W of plan with 2-leaf glazed entrance doors.

N ELEVATION: entrance to right. Canted bays at ground floor, returns with window over black infill panel; glazed strip to top of ground floor. Projecting bays with glazing over black infill panel at 1st floor and copperised felt cladding on lightweight concrete 'Suporex' panels at 2nd floor; returns with glazing over black infill panel.

E ELEVATION: projecting bays at centre, those at 2nd floor with copperised felt cladding. Single storey lean-to at ground.

S ELEVATION: similar to that at N elevation. Entrance to left. Copperised felt cladding with horizontal light above to projecting bays at 1st floor.

W ELEVATION: similar to that a E elevation. Ground floor and basement advanced to form lecture theatre, exhibition block and offices; recessed end bays of advanced section block.

Predominantly sheet glass in metal framed pivot over fixed pane windows and pivot over casement windows; pivot windows at ground floor. Asphalt flat roof; large angled rooflights Site Gazetteer

with glazing to N. Integral rainwater goods.

INTERIOR (seen 2011): open plan studios around a core of seminar rooms and offices to the S, with internal walls of brown brick and concrete and wood block flooring on concrete floor slab. Entrance hall with in situ concrete flying staircase, with tiled treads, metal balustrade and deep paired timber handrail, later suspended tubular steel truss to half landing; some later partitions around staircase. Later timber pit at 2nd floor with raked seating. Vertically boarded red pine walls to lecture theatre.

Statement of Special Interest This well detailed Modernist building was the first dedicated purpose-built post-war architecture school in the United Kingdom and was designed by the School's Professor of Architecture, Frank Fielden. It is prominently located in the main body of this post-war university campus and makes clever use of the steeply sloping site. The constraints of site were influential in determining the long narrow form of the building, which is used to an advantage in the interior plan-form. The exterior survives largely unaltered retaining its prominent copperised projecting bays and distinctive angled rooflights. These features maintain consistent light levels in the building. The building is constructed from a range of materials which are all exposed in a conscious attempt to minimise the use of different materials as well as to provide a building that required minimal maintenance.

Frank Fielden wanted a building that would create a modern architectural office environment for his students. Every student was to be allocated a permanent space in an open-plan studio and the size of the projecting bays was determined by the space required for each student and their equipment (drawing board, table and storage for equipment, books and drawings). The studios could be subdivided by movable pin board screens. The studios are predominantly to the N of the plan around a core of seminar room, teaching spaces and library, with offices to the S. A large lecture theatre surrounded by an exhibition area is on the ground floor. The open studio space, staircases and full-height lightwell to the E was designed to minimise separation between the studio floors and promote a sense of continuity throughout the building. However this increased noise levels and created wide ranging temperature differentials between the floors, and the original lightwell was blocked creating an unusual 'pit' on the top floor which was used as a teaching space.

The Architecture Building was part of the original masterplan for the University of Strathclyde, which followed the granting of a Royal Charter in 1964. The origins of the university began in 1796 when Professor John Anderson left instructions in his will for the provision of an institution that was 'founded for the good of mankind and improvement in science'. By the 1890s this institution had developed rapidly and in 1903 built the Royal College building, George Street (see separate listing). The student population continued to grow, particularly following WWII and in the 1950s the area immediately to the N of the Royal College was developed to provide further facilities including a new engineering building, student union and chaplaincy centre. In 1964 the enlarged Royal College was granted the Royal Charter and became the University of Strathclyde. Keen to maintain a presence in city centre the renowned Modernist architect Robert Matthew drew up plans for the expansion of the campus to the E of the Royal College building, to provide additional buildings for science and technology disciplines as well as accommodation for the newly introduced arts and social sciences subjects. This original masterplan has been continually developed as land became available for the campus, following the demolition of tenements and other public and commercial buildings. The University has also acquired and adapted existing building adjacent to the campus for their use, such as the Barony Church and the Ramshorn Theatre (see separate listings).

Frank Fielden was Professor of Architecture at the University of Strathclyde in the 1960s. In 1947 he was a lecturer at the School of Architecture at Durham University and started his own private architectural practice, later known as The Design Partnership . His work was wide- ranging including private houses and several schemes for the conversion of large terrace blocks into flats. He also undertook work for the University of Durham including administration offices and extensions to Henderson Hall, King's College and the University's rowing club. After taking up his position at the University of Strathclyde University he established Frank Fielden & Associates. As well as designing the new Architecture Building he also designed University of Glasgow's Refectory. Site Gazetteer

An abstract 3-D concrete mural by Charles Anderson is known to be in situ in the main foyer (formerly exhibition hall) but is presently covered, (2013).

Listed as part of the University of Strathclyde Review 2010-2012. List description updated, 2013.

References Bibliography The Builder (22 May 1964) p1075. Dean of Guild Drawings (1964), Glasgow City Archives 1964/443. R Matthew Site Survey (1965), University of Strathclyde Archives, OS/66/18. R Matthew Development Plan (1965), University of Strathclyde Archives, OS/66/19. University of Strathclyde's Annual Report (1965/66), p11. 'School of Architecture, Glasgow' in The Architect and Building News (10 May 1967) pp809-816. 'School of Architecture' in The Architects' Journal (10 May 1967) pp1123-1135). 'Building Revisited: Strathclyde University School of Architecture' in The Architects' Journal (4 December 1974) pp1319-1328). University of Strathclyde, University of Strathclyde Campus Development, 1964-1984 (1984). Drawings of the Architect Building (Various Dates), University of Strathclyde Archives OS69/1/1. www.strath.ac.uk/architecture/department/history/ (accessed 22 August 2011). www.scottisharchitects.org.uk (accessed 14 November 2011).

Site Number 6 Site Name 106 ROTTENROW, UNIVERSITY OF STRATHCLYDE, WOLFSON CENTRE Type of Site Listed Building Listing No./NRHE Number LB51963 HER Number Status Listed Building: Category B Easting 259834 Northing 665484 Council Glasgow Description Morris and Steedman, 1969-72. 5-storey and basement, square-plan bioengineering department with distinctive full-height ribbed chevron-shaped white reinforced-concrete cladding panels. Part of post-war university campus within an urban setting. Banded bronze- coloured spandrel panels and bronzed 'spectrafloat' glazing between cladding. Entrances with chevron cladding panels to lintels. 2-leaf glazed entrance doors to S elevation; pair of entrances at basement to centre of N elevation, that to left with later timber and glazed entrance door and glazed canopy; pair of entrances to right of W elevation. Aluminium cope. Square-plan plant room to roof, with white galbestos corrugated cladding.

INTERIOR (seen 2011): internal walls predominantly painted aerated concrete blocks. Circulation core to centre of plan including reinforced-concrete straight stair and lift. Painted timber facing to external cladding ducts. Coffered reinforced-concrete floor slab. Double height entrance lobby with ribbed timber gallery at 1st floor. Some late 20th/early 21st century subdivision.

Bronze-coloured 'spectrafloat' glass in timber framed casement windows with top-hopper. Flat bitumous felt roof.

Statement of Special Interest The Wolfson Centre is a well-detailed and little-altered example of a post-war Modernist educational building by one of Scotland's most eminent architectural practices. The building was designed to accommodate research laboratories, workshop space and offices for the Site Gazetteer

bioengineering department of Strathclyde University. This landmark building is prominently located in the centre of this post-war university campus. The high quality of its design is evidenced in its carefully thought out plan and the crisp, ridged and serrated detailing.

The bioengineering department required a flexible plan-form to accommodate the changing needs of this developing subject. The building was also required to be stable to prevent the delicate experiments undertaken in the building from being disturbed by changes in the external environment. An open plan and heavily damped building is achieved by a central concrete core with 400mm coffered slab floors. Services have been deliberately integrated into the architecture and expressed architectural through the distinctive chevron cladding panels in which the services are housed as well as providing structural stability. The visual expression of integrated services is similar to the work of the American architect, Philip Johnson, whom Morris and Steedman studied under, in particular his Kline Science Centre, Yale Univeristy (1965). Uniform lighting in the Wolfson Centre is achieved by the use of 'spectrafloat' glazing, a solar control glass. Light is also reflected and diffused by the coffered ceilings.

The Wolfson Centre was part of the original masterplan of the University of Strathclyde, following the granting of a Royal Charter in 1964. The origins of the university began in 1796 when Professor John Anderson left instructions in his will for the provision for an institution that was 'founded for the good of mankind and improvement in science'. By the 1890s this institution had developed rapidly and in 1903 built the Royal College building, George Street (see separate listing). The student population continued to grow, particularly following WWII and in the 1950s the area immediately to the N of the Royal College was developed to provide further facilities including a new engineering building, student union and chaplaincy centre. In 1964 the enlarged Royal College was granted the Royal Charter and became the University of Strathclyde. Keen to maintain a presence in city centre the renowned Modernist architect Robert Matthew drew up plans for the expansion of the campus to the E of the Royal College building, to provide additional buildings for science and technology disciplines as well as accommodation for the newly introduced arts and social sciences subjects. This original masterplan has been continually developed as land became available for the campus, following the demolition of tenements and other public and commercial buildings. The University has also acquired and adapted existing building adjacent to the campus for their use, such as the Barony Church and the Ramshorn Theatre (see separate listings).

The Wolfson Foundation gifted £275,000 to fund this new building for bio-engineering. This charity was established in 1955 by Sir Isaac Wolfson, his wife and their son, Leonard (Lord Wolfson of Marylebone) and awards grants to support and promote excellence in the fields of science and medicine, health, education, the arts and humanities.

The practice of Morris and Steedman is recognised as a pioneer of modern architecture in Scotland. James Shepherd Morris (1931-2006) and Robert Russell Steedman (b.1929) both graduated in architecture from Edinburgh School of Art in 1955. They pursued further studies in landscape architecture at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, studying under Philip Johnson. They were much influenced by Johnson and the ideals of Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, Marcel Breuer and Richard Neutra. They returned to Edinburgh and established their architectural practice in 1957.

Morris and Steedman rose to the forefront of Scottish Modernism with an extraordinary series of bespoke private houses during the 1950s and 60s. These include Avisfield, Edinburgh (designed 1952) and Calderstone, South Lanarkshire (1964), (see separate listings). The practice also gained experience in designing for universities in the mid 1960s and their work includes the University of Edinburgh's Student Centre and Nuffield Staff Houses and the Principal's House at Stirling University (see separate listing).

Listed as part of the University of Strathclyde Review 2010-2012.

References Bibliography R Matthew Site Survey (1965), University of Strathclyde Archives, OS/66/18. R Matthew Development Plan (1965), University of Strathclyde Archives, OS/66/19. University of Strathclyde's Annual Report (1969/68), p1. Dean of Guild Drawings (1970), Glasgow City Site Gazetteer

Archives 1970/73. University of Strathclyde's Annual Report (1970/71), p13. University of Strathclyde's Annual Report (1971/72), p12. 'Corrugated Wolfson' in The Architects' Journal (1st March 1972), pp428-429. University of Strathclyde University of Strathclyde Campus Development, 1964-1984 (1984). Historic Scotland, Architects: Vol 1, Morris and Steedman (2011). Drawings of the Wolfson Centre (Various Dates), University of Strathclyde Archives OS69/1/7. www.wolfson.org.uk (accessed 14 November 2011). www.scottisharchitects.org.uk (accessed 14 November 2011).

Site Number 7 Site Name Glasgow, St Nicholas Hospital Type of Site Chapel (15th Century), Hospital (15th Century) Listing No./NRHE Number NS66NW 10 HER Number WoSAS Pin: 9347 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 260090 Northing 665440 Council Glasgow Description NS66NW 10 6009 6544

(NS 6009 6544) Barony Church (NAT)

on site of St Nicholas Hospital (NR)

OS 1:500 plan, Glasgow, (1895)

Macleod Street and the buildings of the new Barony Church now occupy the greater part of the ground on which the old hospital and chapel, dedicated to St Nicholas, stood (Renwick 1908). The hospital was founded by Andrew de Durisdere, bishop of Glasgow, for a priest and twelve old men, in 1471. Although the "back almshouse" was deserted before 1600, the hospital continued till the 18th century (Easson 1957), its ruins being removed in 1798. The chapel was removed in 1808.

D E Easson 1957; R Renwick 1908; R Renwick and J Lindsay 1921.

No trace of either chapel or hospital was seen in 1951.

Visited by OS (W M J) 5 September 1951.

Publication Account (1990)

This was founded near to the Stablegreen Port during the episcopacy of Andrew Muirhead sometime before 1464.1 Before 1531 it was extended to an adjoining building, the back almshouse.2 The bishop was the patron of St Nicholas almshouse or hospital (the fore almshouse), and the town of the back almshouse.3 By 1567 twelve poor men were housed in the fore almshouse and four in the back. By 1600 the back almshouse was ruinous and the building material ordered to be removed but St Nicholas Hospital functioned until the 18th century.4

A chapel was connected with the hospital and has been described as built of fine ashlar work in Gothic style, a buttress between each window and Bishop Muirhead's arms over the door.5 In 1471 Site Gazetteer

manse was built immediately to the north for the chaplain of the hospital, which became known as Provands Lordship (see above).

By 1778 it was reported that 'all the old houses which originally belonged to the hospital (except the chapel) have for many years been totally ruinous and uninhabited’.6

Notes

1. Cowan and Easson, 180.

2. Ibid.

3. Glas. Recs., ii, 155.

4. Renwick, Memorials, 261; Cowan and Easson, 180.

5. Renwick, Memorials, 260.

6. Ibid , 262.

Information from ‘Historic Glasgow: The Archaeological Implications of Development’, (1990).

Site Number 8 Site Name Glasgow, Drygate Type of Site Mound (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS66NW 23 HER Number WoSAS Pin: 9362 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 260100 Northing 665400 Council Glasgow Description NS66NW 23 601 654.

Renwick (1908) believes that an earthwork was situated at the intersection of the High Street with the Drygate and Rottenrow (NS 601 654). He quotes as evidence the old name for Rottenrow, ie. Ratounraw, deriving from "rath", a fort or homestead, also an instruction of the town council in 1599: "to tak the know of grummell at the Drygate heid to the Greyn and uther places of the towne to full upe the hoillis about the towne". "Know of grummel" literally meant a hill of gravel or soil, which must have been of considerable size as it was to be applied to filling cavities about the town. He states that the Bishop's Castle (NS66NW 8), first heard of in the 13th century, was situated farther N, though its palisaded enclosure may have extended as far as the earthwork.

R Renwick 1908; Scottish Burgh Records Society 1876.

EXTERNAL REFERENCE.

Glasgow, Drygate.

Photographs: The Mitchell Library.

Wm. Graham Vol. 1, p. 11. - Photograph of print, 1817 - head of Drygate. Site Gazetteer

- Photograph of near the foot of Drygate.

T. Fairburn's 'Relics of Ancient Architecture' No.8.

- Drawing.

Simpson's 'Glasgow in the '40s', No.7.

- Photograph of print, 1843.

Site Number 9 Site Name Glasgow, High Street Type of Site Cross (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS66NW 6 HER Number WoSAS Pin: 9386 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 260100 Northing 665400 Council Glasgow Description NS66NW 6 6010 6540.

(NS 6010 6540) An ancient cross, which was removed in 1659, stood at the junction of Rottenrow and High Street. Some historians believe this to be the real Cross of Glasgow, but this is doubtful (Glasgow Evening News 1935).

Field investigation produced no further information.

A Gordon 1872; Glasgow Evening News 1935; Visited by OS (W M J) 5 September 1951

Glasgow Evening News. (1935) 'Encyclopedia of Glasgow', Glasgow Evening News, 1935. Page(s): No. 79 illust Gordon, A. (1872) History of Glasgow. Page(s): Vol. 1, 56 Murray, D. (1899) 'The Rottenrow of Glasgow', The Regality Club, vol. 3, 1899. Page(s): 38

Site Number 10 Site Name Glasgow, High Street And Ingram Street Type of Site Building(S) (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 113 HER Number WoSAS Pin: 8517; WoSAS Event ID: 5051 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259800 Northing 665100 Council Glasgow Site Gazetteer

Description NS56NE 113 598 651

Two cuts were made parallel to High Street, and a few feet from it, a little to the south of the junction with Ingram Street. Greyfriars Wynd was sectioned but was found to be heavily disturbed. Foundations of buildings, with documentation going back to 1599 were located. They incorporated chamfered blocks possibly robbed from the site of the Blackfriar's across the road after the Reformation. Only modern finds were made. The natural clay appeared at 10" to 2' 4" beneath the surface.

E Talbot 1969.

Context: A trench was cut on a vacant plot within the Central Fire Station with the aim of locating medeival town house levels on the W side of High Street. A cut was made running parallel to High Street and measuring 8' by 25'

Results: Only modern floor levels existed and no medeival finds were made. Natural esturine clay was discovered at a depth of 10" at the N end of the trench and at 2'4" at the S. A 10' long trench 20' to the S also located clay at the latter depth

Notes: With the hope of locating medieval town house levels on the west side of High Street, a vacant plot within the Central Fire Station was investigated. A cut was made, parallel to High Street and a few feet from it, 8' by 25' and was located across properties 77 and 42 and Greyfriars Wynd. Natural esturine clay was discovered at a depth of 10" at the north end of the trench and at 2'4" at the south end. A 10' long trench 20' to the south also located clay at the latter depth.

Only modern floor levels existed and no medieval finds were made. The north wall of 42 was demolished and chamfered blocks were found incorporated haphazardly within it. This suggests robbing from elsewhere and the Blackfriars across the road could have been a quarry for it.

A modern pit at the south end of the trench was bottomed at 6' and the sides showed varving of the natural clay.

Conclusions: The properties that existed on the site can be traced back to 1599. The foundations examined may belong to this period and building then (and modern floor levels) could well have swept away all earlier phases.

Any early levels of Greyfriars Wynd would have been removed by the construction of trenches for services discovered along its excavated length.

Chamfered blocks in foundations perhaps robbed, after the Reformation, from the Blackfriars across the road. Talbot, E (1969) Site report supplied by Roberts, M., Glasgow Museums (2013)

Site Number 11 Site Name Glasgow, Weaver Street - Rottenrow Type of Site Building (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 68 HER Number WoSAS Event ID: 3221; WoSAS Pin: 8626 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259900 Site Gazetteer

Northing 665400 Council Glasgow Description NS56NE 68 599 654.

A week's rescue excavation in advance of development on behalf of Strathclyde University uncovered remains of the late 18th Century Incorporation of Weavers building, but erosion of the ridge along which the road runs had apparently removed any other deposits. A watching brief carried out during construction work allowed the recording of deposits in situ downslope to the north, but these all appeared to be of the early modern period.

J H McBrien 1985.

Context: A Manpower Services Commission-funded SUAT-sponsored archaeology job creation project to excavate sites threatened with development.

Results: Remains of the late 18th century Incorporation of Weavers building uncovered. Erosion of the ridge along which the road runs had apparently removed earlier deposits.

Notes: NS56NE 68 599 654.

No GIS area defined, as no information on extent of excavated area is available

Archive Holdings McBrien, JH, Kerr, JB, et al , SUAT, Recent work in Glasgow carried out by th Scottish Urban Archaeological Trust. (article for GAS) - Also Glasdig 1 & 2 (newletter for Urban archaeology support unit) and pamphlets/reports on Rottenrow and Bishops Castle excavations(1985)

Site Number 12 Site Name Glasgow, 172 High Street Type of Site Pit(S) (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 69 HER Number WoSAS Pin: 8627; WoSAS Event ID: 789 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259835 Northing 665145 Council Glasgow Description 259835, 665145 Approx. centre of stripped area c. 15m NE-SW x 20m NW-SE

NS56NE 69 5983 6514.

Trial excavation on the site of the 16th and 17th Century College Principal's house revealed early 20th Century truncation down to a marine clay subsoil. Cut into this are features dating from 18th to 20th Centuries. Site Gazetteer

J H McBrien 1985.

Context: Trial excavations on a gap site in advance of future development proposals.

Results: Trial excavation on the site of the 16th and 17th Century College Principal's house revealed early 20th Century truncation down to a marine clay subsoil. Cut into this were features dating from 18th to 20th Centuries.

Notes: WoSASPIN 8627 NS56NE 69 5983 6514. Trial excavation on the site of the 16th and 17th Century College Principal's house revealed early 20th Century truncation down to a marine clay subsoil. Cut into this are features dating from 18th to 20th Centuries. J H McBrien 1985. Grid reference amended to reflect more accurately the location of the trial excavation. (Approx. centre of stripped area c. 15m NE-SW x 20m NW-SE) Entered WoSAS (HMcB) 29/11/02

Archive Holdings Bailey, A. , SUAT, An Archaeological Assessment, George Street/High Street/Ingram Street/Shuttle Street Glasgow, for the University of Strathclyde.(1992)

Unknown , Furgo Scotland Ltd., Summary of a report for a Proposed Development at High Street/Gallowgate, Glasgow. Prepared for the SDA.(None)

Various , SUAT, Annual Report 1992-1993(1992)

Various , SUAT, Annual Report 1993(1993)

Site Number 13 Site Name Glasgow, 16, 18 Blackfriars Street Type of Site No Class (Event) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 70 HER Number WoSAS Pin: 8629 Status Event Easting 259710 Northing 665090 Council Glasgow Description NS56NE 70 5971 6509.

Excavation by building contractors of the basement stairwell of an 18th century building on the north side of Blackfriars Street revealed a 1.8m sequence of cultivated soil horizons above fluvial sands and silts.

This is in marked contrast to the College Goods Yard (NS56NE 62) only 100m SE.

J B Kerr and J H McBrien 1985.

WoSASPIN 8629 NS56NE 70 5971 6509.

Excavation by building contractors of the basement stairwell of an 18th century building on the Site Gazetteer

north side of Blackfriars Street revealed a 1.8m sequence of cultivated soil horizons above fluvial sands and silts. This is in marked contrast to the College Goods Yard (NS56NE 62) only 100m SE. J B Kerr and J H McBrien 1985.

NS 59730 65092 The soil profile was recorded during the refurbishment as licensed premises of the eighteenth century building to the W. It was revealed after the removal of the N wall of the basement of the former property at 14 Blackfriars Street, now a paved "beer-garden" attached to Babbity Bowster's bar at 16-18 Blackfriars Street. After recording, the basement void was back-filled with archaeologically sterile material. Entered WoSAS (HMcB) 16/08/00

Kerr and McBrien, J B and J H , 'Blackfriars Street, soil profile', Discovery and Excavation in Scotland, 1985, pp.45.(1985)

Site Number 14 Site Name Glasgow, High Street, College Passenger Station Type of Site College Station Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 75 HER Number WoSAS Pin: 8634 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259910 Northing 665110 Council Glasgow Description NS56NE 75 5991 6511

(Location cited as NS 598 651). College Passenger Station, opened 1871 by the North British Rly. A classic train shed of the mid 19th century with wrought-iron roof trusses supported on the south side by a brick wall, and on the north by a row of ten heavy cast-iron columns linked laterally by flat-arched cast-iron girders. Closed 1886 and now disused.

J R Hume 1976.

College Passenger Station, High Street, built c. 1871 for the North British Railway (opened 1 April 1871). An excellent example of a train shed, with wrought iton roof trusses supported on the south side by a brick wall, and on the north side by a row of ten heavy cast iron columns, linked laterally by flat-arched cast-iron girders. Closed to passengers 15 March 1886, when Glasgow City and District Railway opened. Hume, J R, 1974, The industrial archaeology of Glasgow Entered WoSAS (MO'H) 26/09/2007

Site Number 15 Site Name Glasgow, 208 High Street, High Street Goods Station Type of Site Railway Station (19th Century)-(20th Century) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 78 HER Number WoSAS Pin: 8638 Site Gazetteer

Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259990 Northing 665180 Council Glasgow Description NS56NE 78 5999 6518

High Street Goods Station [NAT]

OS 1:2500 map, 1966.

Extends onto map sheet NS66NW.

Not to be confused with adjacent College Goods Station, for which see NS56NE 2775.

For (1997) trial excavation at NS 5994 6526, see NS56NE 245.

Site Number 16 Site Name Glasgow, Shuttle Street Type of Site No Class (Event) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 80 HER Number WoSAS Pin: 8641 Status Event Easting 259700 Northing 665200 Council Glasgow Description NS56NE 80 597 652.

'Rubbish pits of 17th Century date cut through a truncated cultivated soil horizon'.

J H McBrien 1986.

NS 573 651 A watching brief in April 2002 uncovered a series of pits containing waster sherds from the Verreville Pottery, which was situated immediately to the N of the site. Sherds include slipware, transfer ware, hand-painted wares and sponge-printed wares. All are represented in both their bisque and glazed states. Preliminary analysis suggests that most of the sherds date to the period when the pottery was owned by John Geddes (1802-30).

Report to be deposited in the NMRS.

Sponsor: Miller Homes (Scotland West) Ltd.

R H M White 2002

Site Number 17 Site Name Glasgow, Rottenrow Site Gazetteer

Type of Site No Class (Event) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 81 HER Number Status Event Easting 259900 Northing 665400 Council Glasgow Description NS56NE 81 599 654.

'Rescue excavation took place in advance of development by Strathclyde University on the site of 'The Auld Pedagogy' a 15th Century building associated with the earliest classes of Glasgow University. The foundations of the 19th century Lock Hospital were uncovered and were found to shelve into the hillside towards the street frontage. In back yard areas, pits of 18th and 19th Century date were excavated, and were found to be cut into hillwash deposits in excess of 1.20m in depth. A crushed sandstone and mortar lens containing 15th to 16th century pottery was identified in a sondage at a depth of 2.30m below present ground level'.

J H McBrien 1986

Site Number 18 Site Name Glasgow, 203 Bell Street, College Goods Station Type of Site Hydraulic Pumping Station (19th Century), Railway Station (19th Century) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56SE 66 HER Number WoSAS Pin: 8821 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259940 Northing 664920 Council Glasgow Description No further information recorded

Hume, J R. (1974) The industrial archaeology of Glasgow. Glasgow. RCAHMS Shelf Number: D.12.4.IND Small, S. (2008) Greater Glasgow: an illustrated architectural guide. RCAHMS Shelf Number: Quick

Site Number 19 Site Name Glasgow, Ingram Street Type of Site No Class (Event) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 107 HER Number WoSAS Pin: 22910 & 8510; WoSAS Event ID: 454 & 561 Status Event Site Gazetteer

Easting 259700 Northing 665100 Council Glasgow Description NS56NE 107 597 651

Excavations at the junction of Ingram Street with High Street close to the site of a recently demolished tenement were carried out over a period of four weeks by SUAT as part of their investigation into the growth of the medieval burgh.

A sandstone walled cellar or basement with steps leading down to it and a stone flagged floor was excavated. 19th century pattern transferred earthenware was found underneath part of this floor. The cellar had been deliberately filled with rubble, ironwork and some pottery of mainly 19th century date.

There was no evidence of medieval or post-medieval occupation.

M Thomson and P MacIntyre 1987.

Excavation took place on a recently cleared site at the corner of Shuttle Street and Ingram Street. No medieval occupation of the site could be traced from documentary material or from the archaeological evidence.

Glasgow University Archaeol Soc 1974.

Notes: WoSASPIN 8510 NS56NE 107 597 651

NS 59770 65130 Excavations at the junction of Ingram Street with High Street close to the site of a recently demolished tenement were carried out over a period of four weeks by SUAT as part of their investigation into the growth of the medieval burgh. A sandstone walled cellar or basement with steps leading down to it and a stone flagged floor was excavated. 19th century pattern transferred earthenware was found underneath part of this floor. The cellar had been deliberately filled with rubble, ironwork and some pottery of mainly 19th century date. There was no evidence of medieval or post-medieval occupation. M Thomson and P MacIntyre 1987.

Grid reference amended to reflect more accurately the location of the trial excavation. Information from HMcB (ex SUAT, Glasgow projects manager, 1980s) Entered WoSAS (HMcB) 29/11/02

Archive Holdings Bailey, A. , SUAT, An Archaeological Assessment, George Street/High Street/Ingram Street/Shuttle Street Glasgow, for the University of Strathclyde.(1992)

McBrien, JH , SUAT, The Scottish Archaeological Trust ltd. Strathclyde Regional Supervisor's report 1987.(1987)

Kerr, B , SUAT, List of excavations in the Medieval Burgh of Glasgow with a short description of each, and with a list of potential sites on a proposed road line.(1985)

Various , SUAT, Annual Report 1992-1993(1992)

Various , SUAT, Annual Report 1993(1993)

WEST OF SCOTLAND ARCHAEOLOGY SERVICE 2020 Site Gazetteer

Site Number 20 Site Name Glasgow, College Lane Type of Site No Class (Event) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 109 HER Number WoSAS Event ID: 456; 3082 & 8513 Status Event Easting 259800 Northing 665200 Council Glasgow Description NS56NE 109 598 652

P MacIntyre and M Thomson 1987.

Further excavations were carried out by SUAT during September 1994 in advance of extensive redevelopment in the High Street/College Street/ Shuttle Street/Nicholas Street area. Three areas of excavation were opened.

The first area comprised an E to W trench measuring c 5m by 20m and located close to the corner of College Street and the High Street frontage. Extensive modern demolition debris was found directly overlying a substantial sandstone wall foundation. This foundation correlates with the position of a structure marked on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey map of the area. Trenches placed to the immediate W and N of this area revealed extensive cellarage.

The second area measured c 9m by 1Om and was located to the rear of standing buildings on the High Street frontage, to the N of College Lane. Extensive modem demolition debris was found directly overlying natural clay. One rubbish pit was found cut into the natural and pottery sherds dating from no later than the 15th century were recovered.

The third area measured c 9m by 11m and was located on the Shuttle Street frontage, on the S side of College Lane. Below c 0.6m of demolition debris were the remnants of 19th-century stone wall foundations. The earliest evidence found on the site comprised a linear ditch c 1.7m wide at the top tapering to c 0.3m at the bottom. This ditch was aligned N to S and was backfilled with redeposited natural clay. Pottery sherds recovered from the fill indicate a backfilling date of no later than the 15th century. A second linear cut feature was also found crossing the area on a NW to SE alignment. Pottery sherds recovered from the fill of this feature also indicate a backfilling date of no later than the 15th century.

Sponsor: Kantal MacDonald Orr.

J R Mackenzie 1994y.

WoSASPIN 8512 NS56NE 109 598 652 Site Gazetteer

Excavations on this High Street backlands site were undertaken by SUAT between May and September 1987. Industrial rubbish pits cut into the natural soil and containing medieval and post-medieval earthenware, ash and slag, had been truncated by ploughing. The worm sorted plough soil existed to a depth of 0.48m and was sealed by a layer of redeposited soil. A sandstone foundation was cut by a 19th century concrete linear strip foundation. Depth of deposit diminished towards the W with no evidence of pits or ploughing. A mortared, sandstone walled cellar, with an internal partition wall of hand-made bricks was partially revealed at the western limit of the excavation. Concrete and tarmac interior and exterior surfaces were evidence of modern industrial/commercial use of the site. P MacIntyre and M Thomson 1987. Further excavations were carried out by SUAT during September 1994 in advance of extensive redevelopment in the High Street/College Street/ Shuttle Street/Nicholas Street area. Three areas of excavation were opened. The first area comprised an E to W trench measuring c 5m by 20m and located close to the corner of College Street and the High Street frontage. Extensive modern demolition debris was found directly overlying a substantial sandstone wall foundation. This foundation correlates with the position of a structure marked on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey map of the area. Trenches placed to the immediate W and N of this area revealed extensive cellarage. The second area measured c 9m by 1Om and was located to the rear of standing buildings on the High Street frontage, to the N of College Lane. Extensive modem demolition debris was found directly overlying natural clay. One rubbish pit was found cut into the natural and pottery sherds dating from no later than the 15th century were recovered. The third area measured c 9m by 11m and was located on the Shuttle Street frontage, on the S side of College Lane. Below c 0.6m of demolition debris were the remnants of 19th-century stone wall foundations. The earliest evidence found on the site comprised a linear ditch c 1.7m wide at the top tapering to c 0.3m at the bottom. This ditch was aligned N to S and was backfilled with redeposited natural clay. Pottery sherds recovered from the fill indicate a backfilling date of no later than the 15th century. A second linear cut feature was also found crossing the area on a NW to SE alignment. Pottery sherds recovered from the fill of this feature also indicate a backfilling date of no later than the 15th century. Sponsor: Kantal MacDonald Orr. J R Mackenzie 1994y.

Spatial information amended to reflect more accurately the location of the various trial trenches. Information from HMcB (SUAT projects manager, Glasgow, 1980s) & from plan in 1994 archive report. Entered WoSAS (HMcB) 29/11/02

Further Reading and Sources MacIntyre and Thomson, P and M , 'College Lane/Nicholas Street, industrial rubbish pits, post- Medieval pottery, foundations', Discovery and Excavation in Scotland, 1987, pp.50.(1987)

Mackenzie, J R , 'High Street (Glasgow parish): urban medieval', Discovery and Excavation in Scotland, 1994, pp.67.(1994)

Site Number 21 Site Name Glasgow, High Street Type of Site Battle Site (12th Century) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 24 HER Number WoSAS Pin: 8578 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259870 Northing 665230 Council Glasgow Description NS56NE 24 5987 6523.

(Name: NS 5987 6523) Site of Battle (NR) AD 1300

OS 25" map, (1966)

The battle of "Bell o' the Brae" took place in 1300 (Gordon 1872).

Harry the Minstrel describes how Wallace over- came a body of English troops under Earl Percy (Gordon 1872) in the streets of Glasgow. The story is circumstantially told and vouched by the expression "as weyll witnes the buk" suggesting that he was proceeding on more than oral tradition. The attacking party formed into two groups, that under Wallace marching up the "playne streyt" (ie. the present High Street) to the Castle, attacking the garrison from the front. At the opportune moment, the second party under the Laird of Auchinleck attacked from the rear by " the north-east raw (ie. Drygait). The English garrison was thus routed.

The narrative is true to the locality in its outstanding features, and though there is no mention of the battle in the scant remains of contemporary chronicles, with some of the details given by the minstrel erroneous or exaggerated there is reason to believe that his account was based on a real incident.

R Renwick and J Lindsay 1921; A Gordon 1872; J Cowan 1951.

Battle site centred at NS 5987 6523 from the information above.

Visited by OS (F D C) 19 September 1951.

EXTERNAL REFERENCE:

Glasgow, Bell o' the Brae.

The Mitchell Library, Glasgow: Glasgow in Former Times I p.63 - 2 Lithographs. 1820.

Wm Graham Album I - Photograph of print.

Site Number 22 Site Name Glasgow, High Street Site Gazetteer

Type of Site Coin Hoard Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 28 HER Number WoSAS Pin: 8582 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259940 Northing 665290 Council Glasgow Description NS56NE 28 5994 6529.

(NS 5994 6529) 16th Century Gold Coins found AD 1902 (NAT)

OS 25" map, (1966)

A small hoard of eighteen or nineteen gold coins was found on 18th October 1902 by workmen preparing the ground for a new building which is being erected at the corner of High Street and Duke Street, for the Glasgow Improvement Trust. The coins recovered by the Exchequer were five Scots coins, of James III, IV, and Mary (these are now in the National Museum of Antiquities of Scotand [NMAS]) and eight foreign coins, dating between 1515 and 1557.

G Macdonald 1903.

NS 5994 6529. At the N corner of High Street and Duke Street, an inscription on the front face of the building reads that it was erected by the Glasgow Improvement Trust.

Visited by OS (W M J) 5 September 1951.

Site Number 23 Site Name Glasgow, Rottenrow Type of Site Coin Hoard Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 29 HER Number WoSAS Pin: 8583 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259800 Northing 665400 Council Glasgow Description NS56NE 29 598 654.

A coin hoard, contained in an earthen pot, was dug up in Glasgow on 10th January 1795 when levelling the ground at the S end of Taylor Street, and N side of Rotten Row. There were probably between 800 and 900 gold coins, dispersed among the workmen and bystanders. Those seen included coins of James III, IV, V, Mary, Edward IV, Henry VI, Richard III, and Henry VIII.

J Lindsay 1845.

Field investigation located the findspot to the area of the junction of the streets, at NS 5986 6546. Site Gazetteer

Visited by OS (W M J) 6 September 1976.

Site Number 24 Site Name Glasgow, Franciscan Friary Type of Site Burial Ground (Period Unassigned), Friary (15th Century) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 30 HER Number WoSAS Pin: 8585; WoSAS Event ID: 529, 3220 & 1454 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259760 Northing 665290 Council Glasgow Description NS56NE 30 5976 6529.

For trial excavations (1992), see also NS56NE 201.

(NS 5969 6529) Greyfriars & Alexandra Parade Church (NAT)

on site of Monastery (NR) (Franciscan)

OS 25" map, (1966)

The convent of Franciscan (Grey) Friars in Glasgow was founded 1473-6, its church being dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary in 1477. What happenned to the friary after the Reformation is unknown, but it is suggested that it was destroyed in the autumn of 1559 (Easson 1957). Renwick (Renwick 1908) shows its site at NS 5976 6529, slightly E of the OS site.

R Renwick 1908; D E Easson 1957.

Two phases of what appears to have been the enclosure of the Observant Friars were located in a long cut made at right angles to Albion Street. The enclosure constructed in the 1470's was extended in 1511. The foundations of a now demolished church (built 1820) had somewhat disturbed the medieval levels of the site (1470's to the Reformation) but much pottery was found together with fragmentary animal and human bone. (Though Talbot adds: "It is hoped to extend excavations in 1970 away from what seemed to be the garden and cemetery area with the chance of locating the Friary buildings," no further reports appear to have been published.)

E Talbot 1969.

In the winter of 1985-6 SUAT carried out an excavation over a small area in a car park to the E of North Albion Street. The site was chosen to coincide with a trial excavation by E Talbot, Glasgow University, in 1969. Various 18th and 19th century activity was uncovered, including service trenches and drains. Rubbish pits, one thought to be of 17th century date, were also discovered. A soil section had a mixture of pottery, thought ot date from the 14th to the 17th centuries. No evidence for occupation of the site before the 17th century was found, with no structural features or inhumations. It was thought the site was either in the friary gardens or outside the grounds.

D Farmer 1987

(NS 597 652) Trial work was carried out in the George Street/ High Street/ College street/ Shuttle street area of Glasgow for one week in July 1992. The site was divided into seven areas of archaeological interest by the Strathclyde Regional archaeologist. Site Gazetteer

Area A: The supposed site of the Franciscan friary. Much of the area has been disturbed by 19th century and later activity, but in some places there is still a fairly deep deposit of darl loamy garden soil. The area is known to have been used as a garden in the post-reformation period, and the soil should seal earlier features. In the section of the trench A1 was a structure consisting of large pieces of sandstone roughly mortared together. This appears to have been a dyke.

Area B: Possibly the outer part of the friary. This all been heavily disturbed and no archaeological features were recovered.

A Bailey 1992.

(NS 597 653) Excavations were carried out between April and November 2003 in advance of redevelopment of the area SW of the George Street/Shuttle Street junction, on the site of the Greyfriars Friary.

The area investigated measured 35 x 45m, and the excavation recorded buildings and graves that belong to the Franciscan friary complex. The friary was established in the mid-1470s and existed for 80 years until the Reformation. There were no remains of the walls and foundations of the priory buildings, but the layout of the SE corner of the complex can be discerned from the truncated pattern of foundation trenches.

A well associated with the friary was uncovered at the proposed centre of the complex. It was cut 5m into the ground. The upper parts of the well had been robbed out, but the lower 2.7m of the well lining survived. Amongst the rubble thrown into the well when it was abandoned were fragments of stained glass windows and carved masonry from the friary buildings. Wooden shoring erected during the construction of the well still survived at the lower levels.

Eighteen graves containing 20 skeletons were uncovered. Most were laid out in a row N-S, with three in a line E-W, 5m further S, reflecting the layout of the friary buildings. The skeletons were all adult, 12 male and 7 females (and one indeterminate), indicating that people from the local community were also buried within the friary.

A large portion of the complex was covered in demolition debris, comprising crushed sandstone and mortar containing significant amounts of roof slate and floor tile fragments. Deposits of grey-brown soil covered the demolition debris, brought in to form garden plots dating to the 17th and 18th centuries. The layout of three plots could be identified by the orientation of cultivation furrows.

The later features of the site comprised a series of buildings, all of which are shown on 19th and early 20th-century maps.

Archive to be deposited in the NMRS.

Sponsor: Scottish Enterprise Glasgow.

M Dalland 2003

NS 597 653 Following the excavation of the remains of Greyfriars Friary (DES 2003, 79), a series of evaluation trenches were excavated in areas to the E and S of the main site. Full excavation was carried out in two areas of archaeological deposits located on the E and S sides of Shuttle Street between February and April 2004.

The main feature exposed E of Shuttle Street was a linear ditch seen during the 1994 excavation immediately to the S (DES 1994, 67). The ditch was aligned parallel with the street and its backfill was previously dated not later than the 15th century. The ditch is likely to have been the boundary defining the western limit of the backlands of properties fronting onto the W side of the High Street in the medieval period.

In the area to the S of College Street, an area of cultivation furrows was uncovered. Similar Site Gazetteer

furrows had also been recorded during the main excavation some 50m to the NE. The furrows are probably related to the market garden established in 1705 on the site of the former friary.

The main feature of this area was a V-shaped ditch aligned roughly parallel with Shuttle Street, 25m to the E. It was 1.6m wide, up to 1m deep and over 24m long. The ditch may be part of late 17th-century defences built around Glasgow.

Report to be lodged with WoSAS SMR and the NMRS.

Sponsor: Capita Project Management.

M Dalland 2005.

(Re-interment of remains).

N Baxter [2005].

Context: Excavation in advance of Scottish Enterprise development of area. Part of the area occupies the site of the 15thc. Franciscan friary

Results: Exact location of Friary established (see below).

Notes: The main result of the excavation was the discovery of buildings and graves associated with the Franciscan Friary. No structural remains survived of the priory buildings, but the layout of the complex was discerned from the pattern of the foundation trenches. The well at the centre of the complex was cut some 5m into the ground. The upper stone well had been robbed out but the lower 2.7m survived. Rubble in the abandoned well included expensive stained glass window fragments and carved stone. Wooden shoring erected during the construction of the well still survived at lower levels.

The friary cemetery was also discovered. A total of 18 graves containing 20 adult skeletons were found aligned mostly N to S, with 3 burials aligned E to W. 12 males and 7 females indicated that people from the community were buried within the friary graveyard.

The site was robbed of any stonework but a large portion of the complex had been covered in demolition debris of crushed sandstone and mortar. This contained large amounts of roof slate and floor tile. Grey brown soil deposits overlying the site are thought to represent soil brought in to form garden plots in the 17th&18th centuries.

The most recent use of the site comprised a series of tenement buildings all of which can be identified on 19th and early 20th century maps.

See also: NS 56 NE Site 33 5987 6515

Site Number 49 Site Name Glasgow, 94 Duke Street, Ladywell School Type of Site School (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS66NW 145 HER Number WoSAS Event ID: 3471 Status Event Easting 260182 Northing 665190 Council Glasgow Description NS66NW 145 60182 65190

NS 601 651 An archaeological watching brief was carried out in September 2005 during selected elements of the geo-technical investigation undertaken in support of the proposal to Site Gazetteer

develop College Lands, Duke Street. The watching brief identified no archaeological material during the excavation of test pits.

Report to WoSAS and archive to NMRS.

Sponsor: Dawn Developments

Thomas Rees, Douglas Gordon and Rebecca Shaw, 2006.

NMRS Notes;

Architect: John Burnet (Senior), 1858.

Photographed when surveying neighbouring building. The school has recently been converted to offices.

Information frmo RCAHMS

(MKO) 2001

Watching Brief (September 2005)

NS 601 651 An archaeological watching brief was carried out in September 2005 during selected elements of the geo-technical investigation undertaken in support of the proposal to develop College Lands, Duke Street. The watching brief identified no archaeological material during the excavation of test pits.

Report to WoSAS and archive to NMRS.

Sponsor: Dawn Developments

T Rees, D Gordon and R Shaw 2005

Context and Results Context: A desk-based assessment was undertaken to determine the character and extent of archaeological deposits surviving within the development area. Following this, a watching brief was maintained on geotechnical investigations on the site

Results: No archaeological deposits were ientified in the geotechnical test-pits excavated in the area of the Molendinar Burn. The DBA identified potetial areas of survival on the site, and proposed measures to mitigate the impact of development on these areas

Notes: NS 601 651 An archaeological watching brief was carried out in September 2005 during selected elements of the geo-technical investigation undertaken in support of the proposal to develop College Lands, Duke Street. The watching brief identified no archaeological material during the excavation of test pits. Report to WoSAS and archive to NMRS. Sponsor: Dawn Developments

The development area has been characterised by this assessment as having four broad historic areas: a. the grounds of the College of Glasgow with her immediate gardens which formed the frontage onto the High Street south of the New Vennel; b. the series of tenements and structures that developed in a linear belt between the New Vennel and Duke Street (incorporating Havana Street) defined to the west by the High Street and the east by the Molendinar Burn; c. the northern Molendinar Burn and any immediate burnside development; d. Dovehill, to the immediate east of the Molendinar Burn and beyond the Medieval burgh of Glasgow.

These historic areas have different issues of significance; substance and likely survival from the Site Gazetteer

adverse impact of the construction of the railway. As such each area will be considered in turn to assess what archaeological significance is retained within them and what the limitations of our knowledge base are.

Area A: the grounds of the College of Glasgow This area comprised the grounds of the College of Glasgow with her immediate gardens which formed the frontage onto the High Street south of the New Vennel. The western fringe of this area is defined by the development of college buildings, including the New Court and the Hunterian Museum. The college grounds extended down and over the Molendinar Burn. A sound image of the zenith of this area can be seen in the 1864 view but activity across this area started by at least 1460 and probably significantly earlier in the 13th or 14th century.

This area has clearly been massively impacted by the construction of the railway. The Glasgow City & District Railway, which still forms the southern boundary of the development and this area, is partly within its cutting showing the scale of excavation undertaken to ensure effective gradients into its tunnel. The process of ground preparation of the early limited goods station and marshalling yards to the immediate north is uncertain. Some indication of this process has been drawn from the 1898 Ordnance Survey where ground to the east of South Pettigrew Street (outwith this area) has yet to be made up to the correct level yet has been cleared of any buildings and streets. This suggests formal demolition and clearance of the site prior to construction rather than the burial and consumption of standing or part standing structures.

The desk-based assessment identifies a heightened potential for the survival of the original ground surface of the college grounds as this falls away to the Molendinar Burn. However, where this was potentially identified by earlier boreholes, the subsequent investigation showed the loam soil present to be a mixed deposit with demolition material overlying a truncated clay subsoil surface. The monitored test pit within this area that reached the subsoil interface evidenced it to be abrupt and truncated with no suggestion of the survival of the original ground surface. This observation was further confirmed by the borehole 14B, which also placed this interface at 10m below ground surface.

Area B: the tenements between New Vennel and Duke Street This area comprised the series of tenements and structures that developed in a linear belt between the New Vennel and Duke Street (incorporating Havana Street) defined to the west by the High Street and the east by the Molendinar Burn. While the frontage onto High Street may have been established in the 14th or 15th century there is no sound evidence to know is this is true. Certainly in the 17th century the forming of the New Vennel was possible as was the formation of Havana Street in the 18th century. The vast bulk of the construction and building activity known within this area dates at the earliest to the 17th century and more generally to the 18th century.

Again, this area has clearly been massively impacted by the construction of the railway. The scale and mass of the 1907 High Street Goods Station is presumed to have required massive ground reduction and foundations. Although a ramp was constructed rising up towards the northern end of the buildings to allow access to the actual platform level, there was also clearly a sub level as windows and light wells were visible on the fa�ade on Duke Street. In addition vaults are suspected to the east of the building, supporting the immediate entry to the station. The survival of these vaults were confirmed by the geo-technical investigations. The vaults, having been located by testpits further east (TP35) and south (TP43), proved to be much more extensive than previously suspected.

As with Area A to the south, the process of ground preparation of the preceding goods station and marshalling yards is uncertain but is likely to have comprised formal demolition and clearance of the site prior to construction. Site Gazetteer

The inference from the earlier archaeological investigations are that the area has been significantly truncated prior to being built back up to the level utilised by the railway. The potential for the survival of archaeological features associated with the structures and activity in the western portion of the area is limited to an unconfirmed potential for the survival of the deepest pits or foundations. The importance of such pits would be in their potential to inform on the date of the feuing in this portion of the High Street. This likelihood may rise as you fall away from the High Street but prior to meeting the High Street Goods Yard buildings (due to original fall in topography potentially leading to less truncation prior to the main building foundations).

The original ground surface beneath the High Street Goods Station and associated eastern vaults is likely to have been wholly truncated with no credible potential for the survival of archaeological material in-situ. The comprehensive nature of this clearance is supported by the very mixed nature of the made ground (see Section 4) and the abrupt interface between the made ground and the clay subsoil in the boreholes (CP11, CP13 and CP14B). This supports the view that there is with no credible potential for the survival of archaeological material in-situ in the eastern two thirds of Area B.

Area C: the northern Molendinar Burn This area comprised the Molendinar Burn and any immediate burnside development. The Molendinar Burn has progressively been cleaned out, canalised and then culverted between the mid 18th century and the late 19th century. This recorded century and a half of disturbance and alteration is likely to have caused significant loss of any early burnside or in- channel activity.

From the late 18th century a sequence of recorded residential and industrial development on the burnside has been identified. This may have been initiated by the 1721 bleachfield on college grounds, facilitated by the creation of the New Vennel and further enabled by the forming of Havana Street providing additional access to the burnside.

The 19th century industrial buildings on the east side of the burn between the extended New Vennel and Havana Street (the Bleach Works and Burnside Factory) are of a size and character to have probably significantly damaged any earlier industrial activity. In contrast the ground further north, running up to Clay Brae, and the opposing bank of the burn have a better potential for the survival of earlier activity � should any have been present.

The process of constructing the railway has been discussed above, with evidence drawn from the 1898 Ordnance Survey for the ground to the east of South Pettigrew Street, part of this Area. This map evidence showed that the ground had been cleared of any buildings and streets, suggesting formal demolition and clearance of the site prior to construction rather than the burial and consumption of standing or part standing structures.

The monitored test-pits from the geo-technical investigations only penetrated some 4.5m, a sufficient depth to characterise the made ground but insufficient to reach the o date no archaeological investigations have been able to address the presence or survival of features or original ground surfaces adjacent to the line of the Molendinar Burn.

Area D: Dovehill This area comprised Dovehill, to the immediate east of the Molendinar Burn and beyond the Medieval burgh of Glasgow. The historical baseline has established that this was open ground until its enclosure as college grounds in 1753.

The scale of the earlier archaeological investigations were insufficient in extent to clarify the presence or absence of the key historic feature the investigation was targeted for - clay extraction pits. The works did confirm that the area has been significantly truncated prior to being built back up to the level existing today. This observation has been supported by the monitored test-pits at the western limit of the area that located the clay subsoil and characterised an abrupt truncated interface from the made ground.

Work on the Pighoose Pottery site (beneath the Barracks Mineral Depot) by FIRAT has moved the probable location of this pottery further south, almost to the Gallowgate. Consequently Site Gazetteer

the likelihood of clay extraction pits so far north has been reduced.

The remaining early activity in the vicinity of Dovehill is the sequence of buildings south of Drygate on the road which was later to become Barrack Street. However, this ground is safely beyond the boundary of the development area. Text frpm Rathmell Data Structure Report

Archive Holdings Rees, T., Gordon, D. & Shaw, R. , Rathmell Archaeological Ltd., Collegelands, Duke Street, Glasgow: Archaeological Assessment(2005)

Site Number 50 Site Name Glasgow, Drygate, Duke Of Montrose's Lodging Type of Site House (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS66NW 147 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 260130 Northing 665290 Council Glasgow Description EXTERNAL REFERENCE:

Scottish Record Office.

Building work at the Marquis of Montrose's lodging.

Payment of 1, 067.0.4 pounds(Scots) for 'deals and trees to the work at Glasgow'.

Payment of 1, 029.1.8 pounds(Scots) for deals and trees to the work at Glasgow'.

Payment of 1, 029.1.8 pounds(Scots) to several workmen at the work.

Payment of 1, 200 and 713.5.2 pounds (Scots) to Francis Stevenson, wright for work at the house.

Cash Book. 1682. The New Building at the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Account of payments made to Samuel Carruth, Mason, for payments to his men.

1718. GD220/6/1004/2.

Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Bundle of miscellaneous vouchers includes some for mason, plaster, glazier and painterwork.

1714-1716. GD220/6/997/1-64.

The New Building at the Duke of Montrose's Lodging in the Drygate.

Agreement with Samuel Carruth, Mason. Measurement of the work. Accounts, receipts and notes of payments to Masons, Wrights, Labourers and Carters. Site Gazetteer

1718-1719. GD220/6/1004/1-34.

Articles of Agreement between Carruth and Gorthie.

'Samuel Carruth has agreed to build a new house betwixt that house belonging to His Grace the Duke of Montrose in the Drygate and that House belonging to John Stirling, Writer, there, three storey high. The side wall whereof is to be of the same height with the Duke's House already built adjoining to it , and the Gavels thereof are to be, one of them the Gavel of His Grace's House and the other the Gavel of the said John Stirling's house, with a skaill stair upon the South part of it, two storeys high...... '

Payment is to be by the rood.

1718. GD220/6/1004/10.

Mason work at the Duke of Montrose's New Building.

Account of money paid to Samuel Carruth, Mason, for wages paid to his men. 301.11.8 pounds.

1718. GD220/6/1004/14.

The New Building at the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Detailed list of stones used by masons.

1718. GD220/6/1004/9.

The Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Receipted accounts for stone furnished for the Duke of Montrose's use.

1719. GD220/5/1337/2, 10 and 11.

The New Building at the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Receipted accounts for timber, nails, glass stone from Blytheswood, ironwork and carriages.

1717-1720. GD220/6/1002/1-46.

The New Building at the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Reciepted account from William Telfier, smith, for work about the house and stables.

163.6.1 Pounds (Scots).

1718-1720. GD220/6/1002/7.

The Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Receipted accounts for timber, lime, plaster and slates.

1718-1720. GD220/6/1001/1-53.

The New Building at the Duke of Montrose's Lodging in the Drygate.

Measurement of materials supplied and receipts. Receipted accounts for work and payments to men.

1718-1720. GD220/6/1005/1-40. Site Gazetteer

Wright work at the Duke of Montrose's New Building.

Payments made to Francis Stevenson, Wright in Glasgow for work and payments to his men.

1718-1720. GD220/6/1005/34-37.

Plumber work at the Duke of Montrose's New Building.

Payments made to David Morison, Plumber.

1718-1720. GD220/6/1005/25 and 38.

The New Building at the Duke of Montrose's Lodging in the Drygate.

Account of money paid to Masons, 1719-1720.

1720. GD220/6/1005/6.

The Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Account of plaster work wrought by William Mushet, in the Wester Pavillion, 78 Pounds (Scots).

1719-1720. GD220/6/1002/41.

The New Building at the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Receipted account from Francis Stevenson, for Wright work.

215.6.8. (Scots).

1720. GD220/6/1002/32.

The Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Receipted account for plaster work in the Wester pavillion.

It includes closets, the large room, the staircase and stairhead, entries to the 1st and 2nd storey and the coachhouse.

1721. GD220/6/1337/17.

The Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Receipted account for putting in the windows of the new stable, mending several things in the old building and hinging the shutters in the corner house.

John Orr: Wright.

1721. GD220/6/1337/14.

The Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Journal of the building at Glasgow begun the 10th of January 1718 - 31st December 1718.

Notes the names of tradesmen at work each day, building materials recieved and payments made. Quarriers listed at the back of the book.

Payments amount to 8429.1.3 Pounds (Scots). Signed by Montrose and Mungo Graeme in 1721.

1721. GD220/6/1136/1. Site Gazetteer

The Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Account of the building at Glasgow from 1st January 1719 to 10th September 1720.

Notes payments to tradesmen and labourers and for building materials.

10872.16.2 Pounds (Scots).

Signed by Montrose and Mungo Graeme in 1721.

1721. GD220/6/1336/2.

The Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Account of the Building at Glasgow from July 11th 1720 to December 13th 1720.

Payments to tradesmen for work and for materials. 3183.2.0. (Scots).

Account of Money paid for the building at Glasgow from December 13th 1720 to March 11th 1724.

Payments to tradesmen for work and for materials. 2300.10.0. Pounds (Scots).

Earlier part signed by Montrose and Mungo Graeme.

1721. GD220/6/1336/3.

The Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Receipted accounts for causeying before and in the coachhouse, cowhouse, slaughterhouse and washhouse.

1723. GD220/6/1337/3/ and 4.

Report on the state of the different roofs of the Duke of Montrose's Lodging and outhouses.

Signed by Francis Crawfurd and Robert Caddell.

1739. GD220/6/1337/19.

Minute of Sale of the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Agreement between Mungo Graeme of Gorthy, on behalf of William Duke of Montrose and Gavin Pettigrew, Wright in Glasgow, to sell to Gavin Pettigrew the houses, offices, gardens and washouse belonging to His Grace that lie at the wynd head, for 820 Pounds (Sterling).

GD220/6/1409/1.

NMRS Notes:

Glasgow, Drygate, Model Lodging House.

Architect: John Carrick 1871.

(Presumably a model of the lodging-house?)

Architecture Notes NMRS Notes:

Glasgow, Drygate, Duke of Montrose's Lodging. (Duke's House). Site Gazetteer

Exact location uncertain at time of upgrade, 24.5.2000.

Demolished, c.1851.

Architect: Alexander McGill, 1717 - addition which appears not to have been executed.

PLANS: NMRS. Copies of drawings GD 220, in the Scottish Record Office.

RHP 6285 Alexander McGill 1717 - 7 photocopy plans and elevations of proposed addition & block plan of site.

- Unfinished plan of site (may not be for this site).

- 1 photocopy of memorandum of building stones to be used.

- 5 photocopies of elevations and floor plans of designs for a house (may be for Buchanan Old House)

- 1 photocopy of the bleaching green.

EXTERNAL REFERENCE:

Scottish Record Office.

GD220/6/5/Page 11.

Repair work at the Marquis of Montrose's Lodging.

Payments for building materials.

Mason: Robert Boyd.

Cash Book.

1683. GD220/6/5/Pages 12, 14 and 23.

Alterations and repairs at the M. of Montrose's Lodging.

Payments to tradesmen.

Mason: Samuel Caruth.

Wrights: Francis Stevenson, James Johnston, Robert Dickie, John Paterson and John Gillchrist.

Painters: Archibald Crawfurd and William Waddell.

Plasterer: Robert Crawfurd.

Slater: John Smith.

Cash Books.

1702-1704. GD220/6/26/Pages 1, 3 and 68.

GD220/6/46/Pages 265, 266 and 268.

Supervision of alterations and repairs at the M. of Montrose's Lodging.

Payment of 80.18. 0 pounds (Scots) to Robert Greenlees for attendance at the work. Site Gazetteer

Cash Book.

1703. GD220/6/26/Page 69

GD220/6/46/Page 266.

Advice concerning the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Payment of 2. 5. 0 pounds stg. to *Tobias Bake for removing to Glasgow to give his advice.

Cash Book.

1708.

(*Tobias Bachop, d.1710) GD220/6/26/Page 59.

Slater work at the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Payments to John Smith, slater for work.

Cash Book.

1706-1709. GD220/6/15/Pages 79 and 82.

GD220/6/15/Page 6.

Building work at the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Payments to tradesmen.

Mason: Samuel Caruth.

Wright: Francis Stevenson.

Cash Book.

1706-1709. GD220/6/27/Pages 22, 24, 25, 29, 30, 37, 34.

Glazier work at the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Payment of 10. 11. 4 1/2 pounds (Sterling) to Robert Stevenson, Glazier.

Cash Book.

1709. GD220/6/16/Page 93.

Mason work at the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Payment of 272. 13. 0 pounds (Scots) to Samuel Caruth, present Deacon of the Masons of Glasgow in 'payment of all mason work wrought by him and of all things there to furnished'.

Later payment of 8. 19. 0 pounds (Sterling).

Cash Book.

1708 and 1712. GD220/6/15/Pages 7 and 138.

Provision of slates for the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Payments for the carriage of slates 'up to the Duke's lodging'. Site Gazetteer

Cash Book. 1708. GD220/6/15/Pages 79 and 80.

Mason work at the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Payments to James Buchana, Mason at Kilsyth, for work 'wrought at the Duke's lodging in Glasgow'.

Cash Book.

1708. GD220/6/15/Pages 60, 74, 79 and 80.

Painter work at the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Payments to William Waddell for work that includes painting Her Graces's Bedchamber, closet and Little Dining Room.

Cash Book.

1709 and 1712. GD220/6/16/Pages 83 and 139.

Wright work at the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Payments to Francis Stevenson, wright.

Cash books. 1707. GD220/6/15/Pages 1, 2, 3, 60, 75.

1709. GD220/6/16/Page 83.

1712. GD220/6/16/Page 130.

Building of the Coach-house at the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Payments to tradesmen. They include sums to:

Mason: Samuel Caruth.

Wrights: Francis Stevenson and Robert Dickie.

Cash Books.

1712-1713. GD220/6/10/Pages 7 and 8.

GD220/6/18/Page 64.

GD220/6/27/Pages 63, 74, 79 and 83.

Marble Chimney pieces (for the Duke of Montroses's Lodging?)

Payment of 11.10.0 pounds to Edward Chapman for two marble chimney pieces.

Cash Book.

1714. GD220/6/18/Page 102.

Purchase of old house and the yard to give room for a coach-house stable and kitchen ground for the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Letter from Mungo Graham of Gorthie to the Duke of Montrose.

1716. GD220/5/820/19. Site Gazetteer

Building work at the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Payments amounting to 2, 147.13.7 pounds (Scots) to Samuel Caruth, Mason in GLasgow, according to contract and for the building of the coach-house.

Ledger.

1703-1719. GD220/6/2/Page 42.

Proposed alterations and additions to the Duke's Lodging.

The Duke and Duchess of Montrose express their preference for South windows which give a view of the garden.

They have no objection to demolishing the side wall of the Drawing Room and of the Charter room and certainly the side wall of the blue room must come down.

Exact drafts and amendments are required.

Letter from the Duke of Montrose to Mungo Graham of Ggrothie.

1717. GD220/5/823/10.

Uncertainty about the appearance of the Old and the proposed New building at the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

The Duke and Duchess of Montrose understand that the platform of the Old building will be 5 feet lower than that of the new house. They think this will be Ugly.

Letter from the Duke of Montrose to Mungo Graham of Gortie.

1717. GD220/5/823/15.

Directions for building the coach-house at the lodging.

The Duke has recieved the draft of the Office Houses but he does not understand the manner of rebuilding the coach-house.

He wishes it taken down and rebuilt 2 storeys high to give servants' rooms above. Alexander McGill must give his approval of any changes to his design. Thus if mistakes are made the Duke has an Architect to blame.

Letter from the Duke of Montrose to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1718. GD220/5/824/19.

Completion of agreement for building at the Lodging.

Agreement is signed and returned.

Letter from the Duke of Montrose to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1718. GD220/5/824/25.

Question of constructing vaults under the new house.

The Duke knows that the site is damp and if vaults will make a ground storey drier he will agree to have them made.

He will accept Alexander McGill's advice concerning these and wishes the vaults built so that they will make good cellars. Site Gazetteer

Letter from the Duke of Montrose to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1718. GD220/5/825/12.

Directions for building work at the Duke's Lodging.

The Duke of Montrose wishes the wall of the Blue bedchamber and Closet taken down and rebuilt before the foundation of the New house is laid. Thus there would still be a lodging if needed.

Letter from the Duke of Montrose to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1718. GD220/5/825/18.

Proposed alterations to the Duke of Montrose's lodging.

The Duke of Montrose wishes the roof of the Blue Bedchamber to be made as high as the Drawing Room even if it means losing the closet above.

Letter from thr Duke of Montrose to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1718 GD220/5/35.

Plans for the alterations and additions to the Duke's Lodging.

The Duke of Montrose wishes a full copy of the drafts with all the measures distinguished as plain as can be. The kitchen is to be pavemented and the Bleaching Green is to have a wall to stop linen being stolen.

He agrees to have 12 masons hewing during the winter and wishes other materials and marble fireplaces ordered.

Letter from the Duke of Montrose to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1718. GD220/5/826/6.

Proposals for building at the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

The Duke of Montrose gives (James) Gibbs' views on building a house in the Drygate.

The Duke asks Alexander McGill to make a plan.

Letter from the Duke of Montrose to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

It accompanied a sketch by Mr. Gibbs (James Gibbs, Architect, 1682-1754).

1718. GD220/5/827/10.

Plans for building at the Lodging.

The Duke of Montrose has 3 schemes laid before him.

1. Master McGill's first design.

2. Proposal to enlarge the house as Methuen once proposed by building on irregularly in the fashion of the old house.

3. An entirely New Plan:

The Duke of Montrose inclines towards the 1st scheme. Site Gazetteer

Letter from the Duke of Montrose to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1718. GD220/5/827/10.

Proposed alterations and additions to the Duke of Montroses's lodging.

When Gorthie sends the Plans for the Glasgow house, Montrose will consider them with Mr. Gibbs' advice.

(James Gibbs, Architect, 1682-1754).

Letter from the Duke of Montrose to Mungo Grahame, of Gorthie.

1719. GD220/5/828/8.

Proposed alterations and additions to the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

The Duke wishes Gorthie to send the plan (Alexander McGill's) of the Glasgow House to Mr. Gibbs (James Gibbs).

Letter from James Grahame, son of John Graham of Dougalston to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1719. GD220/5/985/19.

Proposed alterations and additions to the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

The Duke has discussed the plans with James Gibbs (Architect 1682-1754).

who has no objections to the house itself, but does not like the 'fore and back fronts' and has amended the plans.

Letter from Andrew Gardner to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1719. GD220/5/983.

Proposed alterations and additions to the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

The Duke of Montrose wishes to know if (Alexander) McGill (Architect, died 1734) has been at Glasgow to 'concert' the Plan of the house, and if it has been sent up to Mr. Gibbs for his approbation. He asks for word of progress of the office houses and wonders what scheme is planned for obtaining building materials for the house.

Letter from James Graham, son of John Grahame of Dougalston, to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1719. GD220/5/985/7.

Enclosure of the site on which the Duke of Montrose's Lodging stands.

The house stands high enough to overlook all the fields.

High walls will take away the sight of what is disagreeable i.e: kale yards and scrub houses.

Letter from the Duke of Montrose to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1719. GD220/5/828/4.

Estimates for two schemes for building at the Lodging.

'I am still of the opinion that you and he (McGill) should deliberately consider of the two schemes making the estimate of the charge of each as near as can be and improving as much Site Gazetteer

as you can the draught of the new design for tho I do nothing this year to the house in other shape it will be still of some advantage to have the extended scheme lying by me with the computation of the charges'.

Letter from the Duke of Montrose to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1719. GD220/5/828/4.

Uncertainty about building at the Lodging.

'I can foresee... either I am never to build at Glasgow further than fitting up what is already there to the best advantage and taking down the side wall of the Blue Room in case it be ready to fall and building it up again just as it is, or if I do it will be upon the foot of an enture new project by making a good convenient house and everything regular and new'.

Letter from the Duke of Montrose to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1719. GD220/5/828/4.

Objections to the plans for building at the Lodging.

Lord Hopetoun criticises the pavillions because, according to the plans, they do not come sufficiently high as to have communication with the 2nd floor. The chimneys will tend to smoke unless the vents can be carried up to the gable of the main house.

Letter from the Duke of Montrose to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1719. GD220/5/829/12.

James Gibbs' alterations to plans for the Lodging.

'I shall send next post... the alterations that mr. Gibbs proposes in the fronts...He acknowledges the house will be a good one according to your plan but has suggested ways in which some expense may be spared'. The Duke put forward certain amendments.

Letter from the Duke of Montrose to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1719. GD220/5/829/12.

A new scheme for building at the Lodging.

The plan omits the Great Stair.

The Duke of Montrose has sent a sketch or plan (wanting) of the fronts as amended by James Gibbs.

The Duke considers that 'there is no great difference between these and Mr. McGill's but I do think Mr. Gibbs' the handsomest'.

Letter from the Duke of Montrose to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1719. GD220/5/829/15.

Plans for the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Plans are to be got for the house from Mr. Gibbs.

Letter from the Duke of Montrose to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1719. GD220/5/830/20. Site Gazetteer

Plans for the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

The Drafts have been recieved from Mr. Gibbs.

The Duke is irresolut about stopping or continuing with the project.

Letter from the Duke of Montrose to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1720. GD220/5/831/4.

Proposed alterations and additions to the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

The Duke feels that the new plans will cost #8 or #10,000.

This is more than he originally expected so he wishes to postpone the project.

Letter from the Duke of Montrose to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1720. GD220/5/831/9.

Delay in building at the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

The offices, however, already built are to be fully furnished.

Letter from the Duke of Montrose to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1720. GD220/5/831/14.

Glasgow proposed building of the offices and stables at the Duke of Montrose's lodging.

'Let all those offices, stables and all be done in as proper a manner as if they were larger and more magnificent. They will be but mean enough in proportion to the great design if it goes on'.

Stone is still to be quarried even if the principal work should not advance.

Letter from the Duke of Montrose to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1720. GD220/5/831/14.

Proposed alterations and additions to the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

The Duke has received the plans from Mr. Gibbs and will write about them himself.

Letter from Andrew Gardner to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1720. GD220/5/986/2.

Building of the stables at the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

The stables are to be 'properly and handsomely finished' and the Duke wishes Lord Hopetoun's advice sought.

Letter from Andrew Gardner to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1720. GD220/5/986/9.

Building work at the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Payments amounting to 5, 248.19.0 pounds (Scots) to Robert Dickie, Wright.

Payments amounting to 729.1.7 pounds (Scots) to Robert Crawfurd, Plasterer. Site Gazetteer

Payment amounting to 114.2.0 pounds (Scots) to John Dempster, Painter, and to other tradesmen who include, smiths, plumber and slater.

Ledger.

1703-1720. GD220/6/2/Pages 57, 65 and 67 especially.

Payments for building carried out at the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

1718-1719 8,429.1.3 pounds (?Scots).

1719-1720 10,872.16.2 pounds (?Scots).

Cash Book.

1721. GD220/6/11/Page 26.

Payments for building carried out at the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Account of debursements July 1720-Jan 1721. 3, 133.2.0 pounds (?Scots).

Payment of 6,047.14.2. pounds (?Scots) to Colin Campbell of Blythswood for stone furnished by him before 1721.

Cash book.

1721. GD220/6/11/Page 26.

Disbursements for His Grace's Building at Glasgow from 1st January 1719 to 11th July 1720.

They amount to 10884.16.2 pounds (Scots).

Cash Book.

1721. GD220/6/29/Page 40-41.

Disbursements for His Grace's Building at Glasgow from 11th July 1720 to 14th December 1720.

They amount to 3, 121.2.0 pounds (Scots).

Cash Book.

1721. GD220/6/29/Page 41.

Payment for plans of the Duke's Lodging at Glasgow.

Payment of 10 guineas to (James) Gibbs, Architect, 'for drawing drafts of a house at Glasgow for His Grace' the Duke of Montrose.

Cash Book.

1721. GD220/6/30/Page 496.

Payment for building carried out at the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Payment of 2, 300.10 0 pounds (Scots) and further payments made to Colin Campbell of Blythswood for stone supplied.

1721-1725. GD220/6/12/Page 1 and Site Gazetteer

GD220/6/31/Page 582.

Uncertainty about plans for building work at the lodging.

The question is whether to carry out (Alexander McGill's scheme (favoured by Montrose) or to build where Spreull's houses were, in the fashion of the old work (favoured by Gorthie).

1718. GD220/5/826/23.

Building work at the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Duke of Montrose wishes the Chimney Glasses in the London house carried to Scotland for the Lodging.

He hopes that Gorthie has goe masons from Alloway or Stirling.

Letter from the Duke of Montrose to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1718. GD220/5/826/6.

Uncertainty about plans for building work at the Lodging.

The Duke of Montrose thinks that it would be best to 'tumble all down and make the project entire'. The consequence would be costly. He hopes that the plan has now been so thoroughly considered that no other difficulties will arise.

Letter from the Duke of Montrose to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1718. GD220/5/826/8.

Uncertainty about plans for building work at the Lodging.

'The new building designed by Mr.McGill would be of no more use so soon as the old part which is to stand shall come to decay. Unless it was to rebuild the old part just in the same fashion as it is now'.

The Duke of Montrose considers that an entire new scheme would cost time and money and he wouldn't bestow it upon a Glasgow house. The old building can be made sufficient and McGill's plan will give him a handsome apartment.

Letter from the Duke of Montrose to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1718. GD220/5/826/23.

Wright work at the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Payments to Francis Stevenson, wright in Glasgow.

For work at the Duke of Montrose's House in Glasgow.

Cash Book.

1729. GD220/6/12/Page 3.

1731. GD220/6/12/Page 10.

Repair of the roof of the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Letters from Andrew Gardner to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1734. GD220/5/1287/26 and 27. Site Gazetteer

Agreement with the slaters for the work on the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Letter from Andrew Gardner to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1734. GD220/5/1287/29.

Storm damage to the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Repairs to Montrose's house which has been damaged by the storm, to keep it water tight and 'decent to the eye'.

Letter from the Duke of Montrose to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1739. GD220/5/903/7.

Repair of windows of the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

The windows overlook the High Street 'where strangers are coming and going every minute of the day and ask whose house is that?. It's such persons, and with amazement will say some harsh things to see a new house going to pot'.

1741. GD220/5/1525/14.

State of the roof of the Duke of Montrose's House.

Report of the slater.

Letter from Andrew Gardner to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1742. GD220/5/1549/5.

Repair of the roof of the Duke of Montroses's Lodging.

Payments amounting to 21.7.8 pounds (Sterling) to Robert Crawfurd and Peter Smith, slaters, and to Francis Crawfurd, wright.

Cash Book.

1743. GD220/6/33/Page 790.

Lettings of a wing of the Duke of Montroses's house and a comparison of the house with the Bishop's.

Part of the house is to be let to William Stirling of Northside. Only William Mathie and his family are there at present, 'and if it were not for them, I make no doubt it would (have been by this time much like the Bishop's House, which is called the Castle; rumished to the very foundations; that is nothing standing but a few old walls...'

Letter from Andrew Gardner to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1744. GD220/5/1583/19 and 20.

Offers for the Duke of Montrose's house and garden.

The house built by the Duke's father is of little use except for stones, and the roof of the forework built by the Duke's grandfather is also very defective, while a good part of the new building is still unfinished.

Dougalston suggests asking 500 pounds Sterling for the house and 5000 merks for the yard. Merchants are anxious to set up a woollen manufactory there after building a reservoir at the Site Gazetteer

burn.

Letters from John Graham of Dougalston to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1745. GD220/5/1606/4 and 5.

Proposed sale of the house and lands to a woollen manufactory.

1745. GD220/5/924/3, 4 and 10.

Proposed sale of the Duke of Montrose's house.

Dougalston urges Gorthie not to hold out for 1000 pounds sterling, but to accept 800 pounds.

Letters from John Graham of Dougalston to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1745. GD2205/1606/11 and 13.

Sale of the house.

The Duke asks Gorthie to enquire if prospective buyers are still interested. The house he describes as 'a dead weight' on him.

Letter from the Duke of Montrose to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1746. GD220/5/927/5.

Sale of the house.

Question of it being bought to be pulled down. The Duke of Montrose accepts this possibility when he considers that the body of the house is old, but he can never suppose that the offices 'which are both new and good' should be demolished.

The House, Offices and Gardens (but exclusive of the Bell croft) if bought by Merchants for a manufactory, would be worth 1000 pounds but the Duke says he would accept 800 pounds.

Letter from the Duke of Montrose to Mungo Graham of Gorthie.

1745. GD220/5/938/7.

Glasgow. Work done at the Marquess of Montrose's Lodging.

Discharged accounts for smith and painterwork George Wallace, painter's account includes gilding of two small frames.

1682. GD220/6/691/7-10.

Masonwork at the Marquess of Montrose's Lodging.

Precept for payment to Robert Boyd. Mason.

1683. GD220/6/690/7.

Glasswork in the Marquess of Montrose's Lodging.

Discharged account due to John Aikenhead.

1683. GD220/6/690/6.

Wright work done at the Marquess of Montrose's Lodging. Site Gazetteer

Discharged account for work done by Francis Stevenson, Wright.

1684. GD220/6/693/4.

Painter work at the Marquess of Montrose's Lodging.

Receipted account from Archibald Craufurd for work that includes painting the drawing room, the Marchioness of Montrose's closet, the White bedroom, the High bedroom and the Kitchen, and for painting and gilding two cornices to beds. 229.10.0 pounds (Scots).

1702. GD220/6/969/47.

Smith work at the Marquess of Montrose's Lodging.

Receipted account from Andrew Whyte, Hammerman, for 500 pounds (Scots).

1702. GD220/6/969/36.

Mason work at the Marquess of Montrose's Lodging.

Account of the mason's and barrowmen's days building new chimneys, laying pavement and repairing woman house and brewhouse.

Receipted account for sums paid to Samuel Carruth, Mason follows.

1702-1703. GD220/6/969/48.

Account of money applied towards the repairing and furnishing the house in Glasgow included in account book kept by Mungo Graeme of Gorthy.

Notebook.

1702-1703. GD220/6/1100-22.

Wright work at the Marquess of Montrose's Lodging.

Receipted account from Francis Stevensone for work that includes lining the Drawing Room, joisting and lining the new closet, altering the Marchioness of Montrose's room, making doors and supplying various items of furniture.

1702-1703. GD220/6/969/38.

Building work at the Marquess of Montrose's Lodging.

Accounts for wright work and materials due to Francis Stevenson. The amount to 332.10.6 pounds and 68.14.02 pounds.

They include erecting an office house, raising an old floor, levelling joists, laying a floor in the new room, making a bed and repairing furniture.

1703-1705. GD220/6/1109/17.

Mason work.

Account and separate receipt from Samuel Carruth. The work includes 'lifting the Woman House stair and building it at the gavel of the house, putting out a door in the gavel, building up the old door and making it a window'. The hall door was heightened, and a door and a wall built on the slaughter house court.

1708. GD220/6/1117/17 and 19. Site Gazetteer

Glazier work (? for the Lodging)

Reciept for 126.16.6 pounds (Scots) from Robert Stevenson.

1705-1709. GD220/6/1126/4.

Wright work at the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Receipted account from Frances Stevenson, wright in Glasgow, for work done forthe Duke of Montrose. 610.5.4 pounds Scots.

1707-1712. GD220/6/1143/35.

Mason work for the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Receipted account from Samuel Carruth, Mason in Glasgow.

Includes newels, paving and chimneys.

8.19.10 pounds.

1712. GD220/6/987/18

Coachhouse built (for the Marquess of Montrose's Lodging).

Discharge by Samuel Carruth for 70 pounds Scots, which together with 30 pounds previously paid is in full the sum due for the mason work of the Coachhouse.

1713. GD220/6/987/21.

(? For the Duke of Montrose's Lodging).

Marble chimneypieces.

Account due to Edward Chapmen for 2 marble chimney pieces and packing them.

11.10.0 pounds.

1714. GD220/1155/17.

Wright work at the Duke of Montrose's New Building.

Account of money paid to Francis Stevenson, Wright for wages paid to his men. 329.0.0 pounds.

1718. GD220/6/1004/12.

The New Building at the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Measurement of the stone work of the Back Building wrought by Samuel Carruth, Mason in Glasgow.

N/D (1718). GD220/6/1004/7.

The New Building at the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Measurement of walls, gavels and partitions.

With the addition of lintels and windows, the price is noted at 622.5.6 pounds.

Unsigned. Site Gazetteer

N/D. GD220/6/1004/8.

The New Building at the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Receipted account from Samuel Carruth, Mason.

It includes: Building the Coachhouse and staircase thereof, and the office houses and laying steps and plates in the stairs of both houses.

966.9.4 pounds.

1718. GD220/6/1004/1.

The New Building at the Duke of Montrose's Lodging.

Receipts for payment of work done by Samuel Carruth, Mason and his men.

1718. GD220/6/1004/3-5

Site Number 51 Site Name Glasgow, 100 Duke Street, R F And J Alexander's Cotton Spinning Mill Type of Site Cotton Mill (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS66NW 150 HER Number WoSAS Pin: 47045 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 260269 Northing 665173 Council Glasgow Description NS66NW 150 60269 65173

The E end of this building collapsed in March 2009 during conversion work.

Infomation from RCAHMS (MMD), 29 July 2009.

ARCHITECT: Charles Wilson 1848

Neil C Duff 1907 (conversion to hostel for homeless working men)

A rectangular-plan six-storeyed (and basement) cotton-spinning mill built in 1848 by Charles Wilson for R F and J Alexander, converted and opened as a hotel for working men in 1908 (architect, Neil C Duff). The mill's fireproof construction has an outer rubble skin, beneath which there is a cast-iron frame supporting brick vaults in the lower three floors, and mass concrete vaults supported by corrugated-iron arches in the upper floors, over which there is a piended roof supported on light wrought-iron roof trusses.

The conversion involved the removal of all textile machinery and the installation of communal facilities at the ground and basement levels, and wooden cubicles on the upper floors. In subsequent decades, the hotel eventually evolved into a hostel for homeless people, and was finally closed amid some controversy in 2001. The building was used subsequently as a temporary venue for an exhibition dedicated to its former occupants, who had been found accomodation in alternative schemes for homeless people in the city. Site Gazetteer

The future of the building itself remained uncertain, prompting a photographic survey by RCAHMS. Although there was a desire to convert the building to an alternative use, doubt prevailed over the integrity of the mill's structure, which incorporated in its upper floors a very early example of the use of mass concrete combined with corrugated iron. There were fears that, in the event of a structural failure, it might be prone to progressive collapse, and that demolition might therefore be the only solution. At the time of survey, the fate of the building had not yet been resolved.

Information from RCAHMS.

(MKO 2003)

Archaeological Evaluation (August 2007 - September 2007)

Archive to be deposited with RCAHMS.

Funder: Grant Murray Architects.

Standing Building Recording (August 2007 - September 2007)

NS 6026 6517 Prior to residential redevelopment we undertook a 5% evaluation and historic building recording at the Great Eastern Hotel during August and September 2007. The building record identified three main phases of construction with additional minor alterations. Most of the building was associated with the early 1849 cotton mill and a number of small internal features were recorded. The building was altered to a hotel in 1907 and a number of features associated with this were also recorded. The final phase included the addition of fire escape staircases in the mid 20th century.

Archive to be deposited with RCAHMS.

Funder: Grant Murray Architects.

WoSASPIN 47045 ARCHITECT: Charles Wilson 1848 Neil C Duff 1907 (conversion to hostel for homeless working men)

NMRS Report date for above text 06/09/01

The conversion involved the removal of all textile machinery and the installation of communal facilities at the ground and basement levels, and wooden cubicles on the upper floors. In subsequent decades, the hotel eventually evolved into a hostel for homeless people, and was finally closed amid some controversy in 2001. The building was used subsequently as a temporary venue for an exhibition dedicated to is former occupants, who had been found accomodation in alternative schemes for homeless people in the city.

early example of the use of mass concrete combined with corrugated iron. There were fears that, in the event of a structural failure, it might be prone to progressive collapse, and that demolition might therefore be the only solution. At the time of survey, the fate of the building had not yet been resolved. Information from RCAHMS. (MKO 2003) Report date for above text from NMRS 08/08/2003

Cotton Mill, 100 Duke Street, built 1849 for R. F. & J. Alexander, thread manufacturers, C. Wilson, architect. A six storey, 22 bay sandstone building in Italian Renaissance style with rusticated quoins and ground floor. The end bays project slightly. In 1909 the building was converted to a working-men's hotel, alterations including the central entrance. The interior is fireproof, of jack-arch construction. An outstanding industrial building. Hume, J R, 1974, The industrial archaeology of Glasgow. Entered WoSAS (MO'H) 07/02/2007

A programme of archaeological evaluation and historic building recording was undertaken in advance of conversion to residential use of the former Great Eastern Hotel. The evaluation identified deep deposits of made ground in three of the four evaluation trenches, including a number of brick walls associated with various earlier buildings shown on historic Ordnance Survey maps, while the fourth trench revealed only natural alluvial deposits which was encountered below 0.7m of made ground. The historic building recording survey identified three main phases in the development of the building, with a number of internal features associated with the original use of the building as a cotton mill in addition to some of the changes made in order to convert the building into a hotel.

The evaluations to the rear of the hotel only located one small area where the natural alluvial deposits had not been disturbed. This was located 0.7 m below the demolition spread above and showed no evidence of any pre-industrial activity. All the other trenches showed significant levels of demolition material that indicated that the majority of the the area had been severely truncated by the succession of buildings that had been built over the last 150 years as identified on the historical and Ordnance Survey maps.

From the evidence recorded, three distinct phases have been identified although a number of sub-phases probably existed as alterations were made to both the mill and the hotel throughout the late l9th and 20th century. Phase 1 comprised the construction of the cotton mill itself in 1849. This was short-lived and the cotton mill soon becameconverted into a hotel for the homeless by 1909 (Phase 2). The hotel continued as such until the present day although the addition of two emergency fire escapes, some time since the 1970s, comprises Phase 3 of the building.

The main trunk of the mill building survived through all three phases of the buildings history although the interior had been significantly altered. The 1856-7 Ordnance Survey (Figure 10) depicts two large buildings to the south of the main elevation. To the west is the main staircase, thought to be an original part of the building, the other three staircases being later additions. The other building, consisting of the toilet block may have been the original engine house. As no internal evidence of a power source for the mill was identified it is the most plausible place for a steam engine large enough to power such a mill to be located. The two- storey room had subsequently been modified into a toilet block as part of Phase 2. To the east of this building a small projection at the rear of the building was depicted on the early maps. The hotel alterations plans show this to be a chute. Whether this was still in use during Phase 2 is unclear but it did not survive to the present day although its position is evident due to the blocked windows recorded on the ground to fourth floors.

second floor where two large iron brackets fixed between the ceiling beams close to the lift shaft were located. This corresponds with the theory that the power source was located where the toilet block was recorded. It seems a pulley system must also have been in place during Phase 1 as to each floor was a full door opening that had later been modified to a window. On the floor at the base of these openings were two small iron flanges (or at least the holes for such flanges) suggesting some sort of mechanism or frame was held in place by the flanges. In addition to this, all of the windows in front of the flanges had flush sills to the wall (projecting sills would have impeded the lifting of any goods). It is not clear if the two larger cart-door openings on the front wings of the building were altered as part of the hotel alterations or if they were original features built as decoration. The blocked cart-door entrance on the east side of the rear wall was clearly part of the original construction that was blocked-up as part of Phase 2.

The alteration of the mill into a hotel (Phase 2) in 1908/9 saw major alterations to the internal area of the hotel. This was most prevalent on the ground and basement floors, with additional rooms created and fireplaces added. The stairs on the ground floor in the north-west corner were added in addition to the second staircase to the rear of the building. The lift shaft was also added in this phase along with the alterations to the two-storey toilet block. A new single storey generator room was added as a new power supply. New toilet blocks were also added to the upper five floors (these had since been removed prior to the archaeological works) and kitchens and a laundry were added to the basement and ground floor.

The final phase saw the construction of the two emergency exit staircases to each end of the rear face of the building. Wilson, D., 'Great Eastern Hotek, Glasgow: Archaeological Evaluation and Historic Building Record Data Structure Report', AOC Archaeology Group 2007 Entered WoSAS (MO'H) 29/01/2008

Further Reading and Sources Hume, J R , The industrial archaeology of Glasgow. Glasgow.(1974)

Site Number 52 Site Name Glasgow, Duke Street, North Prison Type of Site Prison (19th Century)-(20th Century) Listing No./NRHE Number NS66NW 163 HER Number WoSAS Pin: 47032 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 260140 Northing 665300 Council Glasgow Description NMRS Notes:

Glasgow, Duke Street, North Prison/Bridewell (at Drygate).

Architect: J. Paterson and J Herbertson.

Demolished, c.1960.

EXTERNAL REFERENCE:

Glasgow, Duke Street, Bridewell. Site Gazetteer

Sources: Strathclyde Regional Archives.

Town Clerk's Department.

D-TC 13/438 A-K Glasgow Bridewell.

A-F A Bridewell for the City of Glasgow.

Plans No.1-6 showing elevation, plans and sections of intended new Bridewell.

Endorsed:- plans referred to in contract for building, 3 September. 1795.

Architect: J. Paterson. No scale.

1795.

G, H. Two plans showing section (G) and elevation (H) of Bridewell, variations on above.

Architect: J. Paterson. No scale.

(1795).

438 I, J. Glasgow Bridewell.

Elevation (I) and Ground plan (J) of the wings of the Bridewell.

Subscribed as the plans referred to in the contract of 18 May 1796.

Architect: W.Holm. 1 in 8ft.

1796.

K. Proposed addition to the Glasgow Bridewell.

Cross plan showing proposed additions on the South side of the Bridewell extending to a frontage on Duke Street.

Surveyor: James Clelland. 1 in to 30 ft.

March 1821.

D-TC 13/486 Duke Street Prison.

Glasgow Prison.

Tracing of plan of old jail and extensions between High Street, Duke Street and Drygate. All buildings named. Additional areas and proposed buildings coloured.

Surveyor: John Carrick, Master of Works. 21 ft to 1 in.

February 1868.

Site Number 53 Site Name Glasgow, High Street, Porterfield House Type of Site House (Period Unassigned) Site Gazetteer

Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 1607 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259700 Northing 665140 Council Glasgow Description NMRS REFERENCE:

Glasgow, Porterfield House/Mansion.

Situated in a pend off the West side of the High Street, the building was demolished in 1870.

Removed December 1870. Used to be opposite College Church on the West side of the High Street.

EXTERNAL REFERENCE:

The Mitchell Library: Glasgow in Former Times I p.67 - Lithograph

Glasgow in Former Times II - pencil and wash.

Kelvingrove Museum: Drawing of House with plan showing line of new street over it.

Site Number 54 Site Name Glasgow, Townhead Central Development Area, Area A, Ladywell Type of Site Flats (19th Century)-(20th Century) Listing No./NRHE Number NS66NW 200 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 260160 Northing 665240 Council Glasgow Description No further information recorded

Site Number 55 Site Name Glasgow, 169-185 High Street, College Buildings Type of Site Building(S) (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 1765 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259807 Site Gazetteer

Northing 665167 Council Glasgow Description Recording Your Heritage Online

Westbourne Gardens

Nos 1-18 Westbourne Gardens, 1872, James Thomson. Renaissance terraced houses, with taller end pavilions and corbelled first-floor windows. Extensions to rear of No 1, 1905, David Barclay, include Doric columned screen with segmental arch over wrought-iron fanlight. Nos 28-41, c.1876. Unique design of large Gothic terraced houses, with taller end pavilions. Vigorous details include foliate capitals to door columns. Good cast-iron railings to steps and basement. Nos 49-51, c.1875, Alexander Thomson. Classical terraced houses, Ionic porches, ashlar first-floor balconies with good cast-iron balustrade to Nos 50-51. The end house destroyed in Second World War.

Taken from "Greater Glasgow: An Illustrated Architectural Guide", by Sam Small, 2008. Published by the Rutland Press http://www.rias.org.uk

NS56NE 1765 59807 65167

NMRS REFERENCE

Glasgow, 169-177 High Street.

Architect: 1793-5.

Numbering taken from OS plan NS 5965, 1:2500, 1966.

Site Number 56 Site Name Glasgow, 61 Rottenrow, Glasgow Industrial School Type of Site Industrial School (19th Century) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 1558 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259990 Northing 665400 Council Glasgow Description NS56NE 1558 c. 5999 6540

NMRS NOTES

Glasgow, 61 Rottenrow, Day Industrial School.

ARCHITECT: J. J. Rochead 1850

(Undated) information in NMRS. Site Gazetteer

Site Number 57 Site Name Glasgow, Old College Church Type of Site Church (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 1773 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259830 Northing 665120 Council Glasgow Description NMRS REFERENCE

Glasgow, Old College Church.

Now demolished. 30.08.2000.

EXTERNAL REFERENCE:

Mitchell Library - Bygone Glasgow. II - Reproduced Drawing

Glasgow in Former Times I - 2 Lithographs (p67)

Glasgow in Former Times II - Engraving

Pencil Sketch 1843

Site Number 58 Site Name Glasgow, 16-38 College Lane, Warehouse Type of Site Warehouse (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 1775 HER Number WoSAS Pin: 47062 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259810 Northing 665250 Council Glasgow Description NMRS REFERENCE

Glasgow, 16-38 College Lane.

Now demolished 31.08.2000.

Numbering shown on OS map NS 5965, 1:2500, 1966.

Site Number 59 Site Gazetteer

Site Name Glasgow, 32 Walls Street Type of Site House(S) (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 1471 HER Number WoSAS Pin: 47141 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259705 Northing 665078 Council Glasgow Description NMRS REFERENCE

Glasgow, 32 Walls Street and 7-21 Blackfriars Street.

23 Blackfriars Street now known as Blackfriars Court.

Site Number 60 Site Name Glasgow, High Street, Greyfriars Wynd, Old Grammar School Type of Site School (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 2040 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259790 Northing 665290 Council Glasgow Description NMRS REFERENCE

The Old Grammar School demolished, located using Glasgow Evening Newscutting Album No:1/155, see bibliography.

Site Number 61 Site Name Glasgow, High Street, Greyfriars Wynd, Old Meal Mercat Type of Site Cheese Market (17th Century), Market (17th Century), Meal Market (17th Century) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 2042 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259830 Northing 665240 Council Glasgow Description NMRS REFERENCE: Site Gazetteer

EXTERNAL REFERENCE:

Mitchell Library - Wm Graham 1 p.4.

Denholm, J. (1797) An historical account and topographical description of the city of Glasgow and suburbs: containing a history of the rise and progress of the city, a description of the public buildings and an account of the political constitution, the university, and corporate bodies,compliled from authentic records and respectable authorities: calculated also to serve as a complete guide for strangers,, 'Embellished with twelve elegant engravings'. Glasgow. Page(s): 132 RCAHMS Shelf Number: D.12.31.DEN.R

Site Number 62 Site Name Glasgow, Blackfriars Chapel Type of Site Chapel (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 1934 HER Number WoSAS Pin: 47221 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259880 Northing 665090 Council Glasgow Description Possibly the same as Site 145

NMRS REFERENCE:

Glasgow, Blackfriars Church.

While several churches and chapels have been built on this site in relation to the Old College, the last church on the site was demolished to make way for the expansion of the rail network of Glasgow, in this case a Goods Depot.

EXTERNAL REFERENCE:

The Mitchell Library, Glasgow: Bygone Glasgow No.2 - reproduced drawing.

Glasgow in Former Times I p.67 - 2 Lithographs.

Glasgow in Former Times II - Engraving

- Pencil Sketch 1843.

Site Number 63 Site Name Glasgow, 2-4 College Street Type of Site College (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 1686 HER Number Site Gazetteer

Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259820 Northing 665190 Council Glasgow Description NMRS REFERENCE

Glasgow, 2-4 College Street, College buildings.

Former Staff Dwellings.

Architect: James Adam. 1793-5.

Numbering taken from OS plan NS 5965, 1:2500, 1966.

Site Number 64 Site Name Glasgow, 75-91 High Street Type of Site Term Pending Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 1949 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259730 Northing 665030 Council Glasgow Description No further information recorded

Site Number 65 Site Name Glasgow, 176 High Street, Hunterian Museum Type of Site Museum (19th Century)-(20th Century) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 1799 HER Number WoSAS Pin: 47060 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259930 Northing 665100 Council Glasgow Description NMRS REFERENCE:

Glasgow, Old Hunterian Museum, 176 High Street.

Architect: William Stark c.1804.

Design: David Hamilton 1803. Site Gazetteer

Extension: John Brash 1823.

Demolished: 1870.

Miscellaneous: Catalogue to plans in Glasgow University Library Archives

Swan's 'Views of Glasgow. - Engraving.

The Old Hunterian Museum was demolished around 1870 with the rest of the University Buildings.

Situated behind the old College [to east of Museum Square]. Neo-classical in style. Built to house Dr William Hunter's collection, bequeathed to the University on his death in 1783, along with #8,000 for a building.

A Ross and J Hume 1975

William Hunter (1718-1783), anatomist and archaeological collector, left 649 manuscripts, over 11,000 printed books, his anatomical and scientific collections, paintings, and cabinet of coins. The building also held Roman stones previously held in library. First of the old College buildings to be demolished. Collections transferred to Gilmorehill.

University of Glasgow 1951

EXTERNAL REFERENCE: Glasgow University Library Archive

Plans: David Hamilton 1803.

Plans: William Stark 1808.

Plans for extension: John Brash 1823.

Photographs: Mitchell Library. Glasgow in Former Times I. Engraving.

Mitchell Library. Glasgow in Former Times II. Photograph.

The National Library of Scotland, Edinburgh.

: NLS MS 9704 W H Playfair in Glasgow visits Stark's portico...

(Undated) information in NMRS.

Site Number 66 Site Name Glasgow, Weaver Street, Cross Keys Inn Type of Site Inn (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 1923 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259920 Northing 665440 Council Glasgow Site Gazetteer

Description NMRS REFERENCE

Glasgow 60-62 Rottenrow, Cross Keys Inn.

Demolished 1963

EXTERNAL REFERENCE

Mitchell Library. William Graham vol.I p.3 - photograph

Site Number 67 Site Name Glasgow, Little Dovehill Street, Little Dovehill School Type of Site School (19th Century) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56SE 851 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259960 Northing 664850 Council Glasgow Description NMRS REFERENCE:

Glasgow, Little Dovehill Street, Little Dovehill School.

Architect: John Honeyman and Keppie. 1894-1895, extension.

Now the site of a car park.

(Undated) information in NMRS.

Site Number 68 Site Name Glasgow, 16-22 Shuttle Street Type of Site Mission Hall (19th Century)-(20th Century) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 2015 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259770 Northing 665240 Council Glasgow Description NMRS REFERENCE:

Glasgow, 16-22 Shuttle Street, St Paul's Church Mission Hall.

Architect: John Honeyman & Keppie, 1895. Site Gazetteer

Building demolished 1979.

Site Number 69 Site Name Glasgow, 296-314 High Street Type of Site Term Pending Listing No./NRHE Number NS66NW 279 HER Number Status Event Easting 260030 Northing 665330 Council Glasgow Description Watching Brief (23 February 2010 - 7 April 2010)

Archive: RCAHMS. Report: WoSAS

Funder: TDI Corporation Ltd

Claire Williamson – Rathmell Archaeology Limited

Archaeological Evaluation (5 July 2010 - 2 August 2010)

NS 6000 6530 A programme of investigative works was undertaken in respect to the development of a new

residential complex. No significant archaeological remains were recorded in the development area, which had

been extensively disturbed following the construction of substantial buildings and associated cellars during the late 19th to early 20th centuries.

Archive: RCAHMS. Report: WoSAS

Funder: Cruden Estates Ltd

Alan Matthews – Rathmell Archaeology Limited

Site Number 70 Site Name Glasgow, 289 High Street, Tenement Type of Site Tenement (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS66NW 280 Site Gazetteer

HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 260010 Northing 665360 Council Glasgow Description NS66NW 280 6001 6536

See NS66NW 283 6005 6537 for associated Hydraulic Pumping Station.

'built 1893-5...associated with the [Hydraulic pumping] station is a three storey tenement in similar style [to NS66NW 283], and a plainer two storey, 6 bay dwelling house...'

J R Hume, 1974.

Site Number 71 Site Name Glasgow, Garden Street (Site Of) Type of Site Term Pending Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 2055 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259890 Northing 665480 Council Glasgow Description EXTERNAL REFERENCE:

Mitchell Library - 'Wm Graham I', p.7 - photograph of corner of Paul Street.

Site Number 72 Site Name Glasgow, Union Court Type of Site Term Pending Listing No./NRHE Number S56NE 2129 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259960 Northing 665370 Council Glasgow Description NMRS REFERENCE:

Glasgow, Union Court. Site Gazetteer

Union Court was demolished sometime in the mid-19th Century. While the exact location of this Court is not known, it is known to have connected High Street and Rottenrow.

Site Number 73 Site Name lasgow, 321-325 High Street, Hydraulic Pumping Station Type of Site Pumping Station (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS66NW 283 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 260050 Northing 665370 Council Glasgow Description NS66NW 283 6005 6537.

See NS66NW 280 6001 6536 for associated tenement.

First used in 1895, the Hydraulic Power Works consists of Lancashire boilers with enconomisers, pumping engines and accumulators. The water was delivered through 7 inch pipes, the engines having the ability to work independantly of one another. In 1908-1909, this pumping station supplied 202,141 gallons of high-pressure water to the city of Glasgow through 30 miles of pipes.

Corporation of the City of Glasgow, 1909.

'...295 High Street, built 1893-5 for the Corporation Water Department, J.M. Gale, engineer. The retaining walls and chimney cost £3500. A large single storey rustic red stone ashlar building, in castellated style. There are three two storey crenellated towers. Originally there were three inverted vertical compound engines, each of 2000 horsepower, but these were replaced before the station closed in 1964...on the roof of the main block there are two large cast-iron storage tanks concealed by a crenellated wall.'

J R Hume, 1974.

Site Number 74 Site Name Glasgow, 25 Rotten Row, Cathedral Court Type of Site Tenement (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 2148 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259990 Northing 665390 Council Glasgow Description No further information recorded Site Gazetteer

Site Number 75 Site Name Glasgow, 89-131 George Street, Tenements And Shops Type of Site Shop(S) (Period Unassigned), Tenement(S) (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 2095 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259710 Northing 665320 Council Glasgow Description No further information recorded

Site Number 76 Site Name Glasgow, 31 Weaver Street, Cathedral Works Type of Site Works (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 2399 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259900 Northing 665500 Council Glasgow Description No further information recorded

Site Number 77 Site Name Glasgow, 299-311 Bell Street, Power Loom Factory Type of Site Power Loom Factory (19th Century) Listing No./NRHE Number NS66SW 630 HER Number WoSAS Pin: 46630 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 260090 Northing 664890 Council Glasgow Description No further information recorded

WoSASPIN 46630 Null Report from NMRS, Null Report date from the NMRS. Site Gazetteer

Hume, J R , The industrial archaeology of Glasgow. Glasgow.(1974)

Site Number 78 Site Name Glasgow, 182 Albion Street, Warehouse Type of Site Warehouse (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 2423 HER Number WoSAS Pin: 46628 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259730 Northing 665280 Council Glasgow Description No further information recorded

NMRS Report date for above text 31/08/01 No other information from the NMRS at this time. This record may refer to a photograph of an extant site or monument or the location of a site or monument that is now gone. For industrial sites more information may be available with the next scheduled update of NMRS records.

Hume, J R , The industrial archaeology of Glasgow. Glasgow.(1974)

Site Number 79 Site Name Glasgow, 59-67 (Odd) George Street, 59 Shuttle Street, Tenement Type of Site Tenement (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 2274 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259790 Northing 665300 Council Glasgow Description NS56NE 2274

Photographed by J R Hume in March 1967 prior to demolition in April of the same year

Information from RCAHMS (SDC) 7.11.2000

Site Number 80 Site Gazetteer

Site Name Glasgow, 48 Simpson Heights Type of Site Term Pending Listing No./NRHE Number NS66NW 338 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 260250 Northing 665230 Council Glasgow Description No further information recorded

Site Number 81 Site Name Glasgow, Richmond Street, University Of Strathclyde, Colville Building Type of Site Faculty Building (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 2578 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259750 Northing 665410 Council Glasgow Description ARCHITECT: Sir Robert Matthew, Johnson-Marshall & Partners 1964-7

Civil engineering and metallurgy department. Occupies the steep NE corner of Richmond Street and North Portland Street.

Site Number 82 Site Name Glasgow, Weaver Street, University Of Strathclyde, Lord Todd Type of Site Public House (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 2633 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259970 Northing 665500 Council Glasgow Description ARCHITECT: Malcom McGregor of G R M Kennedy & Partners 1983-4

Public house and student centre. Site Gazetteer

Site Number 83 Site Name Glasgow, Taylor Street, University Of Strathclyde, Birbeck Court Type of Site Hall Of Residence (Modern) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 2634 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259900 Northing 665529 Council Glasgow Description NS56NE 2634 centred 59900 65529

Birkbeck Court [NAT]

OS (GIS) MasterMap, May 2010.

ARCHITECT: George Wimpey & Co 1972-4

Site Number 84 Site Name Glasgow, Rottenrow, University Of Strathclyde, Forbes Hall Type of Site Hall Of Residence (Modern) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 2635 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage assetNon-designated heritage asset Easting 259870 Northing 665460 Council Glasgow Description ARCHITECT: G R M Kennedy & Partners 1985-6

Site Number 85 Site Name Glasgow, Taylor Street, University Of Strathclyde, Wolfson Centre For Bio-engineering Type of Site Faculty Building (20th Century) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 2584 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259835 Northing 665479 Council Glasgow Site Gazetteer

Description NS56NE 2584 59835 65479

Wolfson Centre [NAT]

OS (GIS) MasterMap, May 2010.

ARCHITECT: Morris & Steedman 1970-71.

(Undated) information in NMRS.

Site Number 86 Site Name Glasgow, Rottenrow, University Of Strathclyde, John Anderson Building Type of Site Faculty Building (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 2585 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259810 Northing 665420 Council Glasgow Description ARCHITECT: Building Design Partnership 1968-71

John Anderson: Professor of Philosophy at the University of Glasgow, whose library and scientific instruments formed the basis of the College.

Site Number 87 Site Name Glasgow, 11-27 George Street, Tenements Type of Site Tenement(S) (19th Century) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 2641 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259871 Northing 665284 Council Glasgow Description No further information recorded

Site Number 88 Site Name Glasgow, 23 Shuttle Street, University Of Glasgow Chemistry Department Type of Site Faculty Building (Period Unassigned) Site Gazetteer

Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 2666 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259730 Northing 665220 Council Glasgow Description No further information available

Site Number 89 Site Name Glasgow, 4-12 College Lane, Building Type of Site Building (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 2667 HER Number WoSAS Pin: 48016 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259840 Northing 665230 Council Glasgow Description No further information available

NMRS Report date for above text 04/05/01 No other information from the NMRS at this time. This record may refer to a photograph of an extant site or monument or the location of a site or monument that is now gone. For industrial sites more information may be available with the next scheduled update of NMRS records.

Site Number 90 Site Name Glasgow, 198 High Street, High Street Passenger Station Type of Site Railway Station (19th Century)-(20th Century) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 2722 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259880 Northing 665190 Council Glasgow Description NMRS REFERENCE:

Glasgow, College Station, High Street Station.

Rokeby: 'Probably opened 15/3/1886 (Glasgow City and District Rly) under name of College Station; Renamed High Street in 1910 and electrified 1960's'. Site Gazetteer

Site Number 91 Site Name Glasgow, 1-6 Collins Street, Tenements Type of Site Tenement(S) (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS66NW 353 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 260000 Northing 665440 Council Glasgow Description No further information available

Site Number 92 Site Name Glasgow, 20-28 Blackfriars Street, Store Type of Site Storehouse (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 2779 HER Number WoSAS Pin: 48364 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259700 Northing 665100 Council Glasgow Description Hume, J R. (1974) The industrial archaeology of Glasgow. Glasgow. Page(s): 217 G110 RCAHMS Shelf Number: D.12.4.IND

No other information from the NMRS at this time. This record may refer to a photograph of an extant site or monument or the location of a site or monument that is now gone. For industrial sites more information may be available with the next scheduled update of NMRS records. NMRS Report date for above text 06/12/01

Site Number 93 Site Name lasgow, 172 High Street, College Goods Station Type of Site Railway Station (19th Century)-(20th Century) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 2775 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259840 Site Gazetteer

Northing 665040 Council Glasgow Description NS56NE 2775 5984 6504

College Goods Station [NAT]

OS 1:2500 map, 1966.

Extends onto map sheet NS56SE.

Not to be confused with adjacent High Street Goods Station, for which see NS56NE 78.

Site Number 94 Site Name Glasgow, 30 Ingram Street, Telephone Exchange Type of Site Telephone Exchange (20th Century) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 2780 HER Number WoSAS Pin: 48106 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259750 Northing 665170 Council Glasgow Description No further information available

NMRS Report date for above text 07/12/01 No other information from the NMRS at this time. This record may refer to a photograph of an extant site or monument or the location of a site or monument that is now gone. For industrial sites more information may be available with the next scheduled update of NMRS records.

Site Number 95 Site Name Glasgow, 46-54 Ingram Street, Warehouse Type of Site Warehouse (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 2781 HER Number WoSAS Pin: 48105 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259700 Northing 665190 Council Glasgow Description No further information available

sites more information may be available with the next scheduled update of NMRS records.

Site Number 96 Site Name Glasgow, 43-61 Ingram Street Type of Site Term Pending Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 2783 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259690 Northing 665140 Council Glasgow Description No further information available

Site Number 97 Site Name Glasgow, 131-141 Albion Street, Warehouse Type of Site Warehouse (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 2786 HER Number WoSAS Pin: 48101 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259640 Northing 665210 Council Glasgow Description Hume, J R. (1974) The industrial archaeology of Glasgow. Glasgow. Page(s): 212-213 G66 RCAHMS Shelf Number: D.12.4.IND

Site Number 98 Site Name Glasgow, 205 High Street, Stable And Warehouse Type of Site Shop(S) (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 2776 HER Number WoSAS Pin: 48369 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259865 Northing 665243 Council Glasgow Site Gazetteer

Description Hume, J R. (1974) The industrial archaeology of Glasgow. Glasgow. Page(s): 212 G62 RCAHMS Shelf Number: D.12.4.IND

WoSASPIN 48369 NS56NE 2776 5985 6524

Stable & Warehouse, 205 High Street, built 1893 for George Eadie, builder. A two storey and attic, 8 bay ashlar fronted building, with dormer windows. Hume, J R, 1974, The industrial archaeology of Glasgow Entered WoSAS (MO'H) 17/10/2007

Site Number 99 Site Name Glasgow, 263 High Street, Workshops Type of Site Workshop(S) (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 2777 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259970 Northing 665360 Council Glasgow Description Hume, J R. (1974) The industrial archaeology of Glasgow. Glasgow. Page(s): 211 G52 RCAHMS Shelf Number: D.12.4.IND

Site Number 100 Site Name Glasgow, 52 Dean Street, Building Type of Site Building (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 2778 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259880 Northing 665350 Council Glasgow Description No further information available Site Gazetteer

Site Number 101 Site Name Glasgow, 15-25a Nicholas Street, Workshop And Stables Type of Site Stable(S) (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 2890 HER Number WoSAS Pin: 48514 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259844 Northing 665271 Council Glasgow Description Hume, J R. (1974) The industrial archaeology of Glasgow. Glasgow. Page(s): 212 G61 RCAHMS Shelf Number: D.12.4.IND

WoSASPIN 48514 NS56NE 2890 5983 6526.

NMRS Report date for above text 04/03/02 No other information from the NMRS at this time. This record may refer to a photograph of an extant site or monument or the location of a site or monument that is now gone. For industrial sites more information may be available with the next scheduled update of NMRS records.

Site Number 102 Site Name Glasgow, 7-13 Shuttle Street, Warehouse Type of Site Warehouse (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 2938 HER Number WoSAS Pin: 48454 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259710 Northing 665210 Council Glasgow Description No further information available

NMRS Report date for above text 12/04/02 No other information from the NMRS at this time. This record may refer to a photograph of an extant site or monument or the location of a site or monument that is now gone. For industrial sites more information may be available with the next scheduled update of NMRS records.

Site Number 103 Site Name Glasgow, Rotten Row, Townhead Primary School Type of Site School (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS66NW 395 HER Number Site Gazetteer

Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 260040 Northing 665440 Council Glasgow Description No further information available

Site Number 104 Site Name Glasgow, 35 East Campbell Street, Hall Type of Site Church Hall (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS66SW 276.01 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 260069 Northing 664844 Council Glasgow Description No further information available

Site Number 105 Site Name Glasgow, Ingram Street Type of Site No Class (Event) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 4856 HER Number WoSAS Event ID: 1480 Status Event Easting 259800 Northing 665200 Council Glasgow Description NS56NE 4856 598 652

An archaeological evaluation was undertaken in June and July 2004 at a site on the High Street, encompassing an area defined by the eastern ends of Ingram Street and College Street. A total of 108m2 was investigated by means of evaluation trenches and a small area strip. Deep 19th- and 20th-century cellarage was identified along Ingram Street and the High Street. The northern side of the site fronting College Street contained some cellarage but also a small discrete area of less truncated ground. This was investigated further, revealing only 19th- century sandstone foundations. No archaeologically significant features or artefacts were encountered.

Archive to be deposited in the NMRS.

Sponsor: Thomas & Adamson Architects. Site Gazetteer

L Dunbar 2004

Site Number 106 Site Name Glasgow, 199 Albion Street, The Press Bar Type of Site Public House (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 4946 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259655 Northing 665295 Council Glasgow Description NS56NE 4946 59655 65295

Single storey public house situated N of the Eevening Times office.

Site Number 107 Site Name Glasgow, Cathedral Street, Annan Fountain Type of Site Drinking Fountain (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS66NW 468 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 260000 Northing 665000 Council Glasgow Description NS66NW 468 c. 60 65

Granite drinking fountain inscribed 'Presented to the Citizens of Glasgow by Willian Annan Port Dundas March 1908'.

RCAHMS MS 749/5856

Information from RCAHMS (MMD), March 2008.

This fountain appears to have been removed and may have been one which was situated at the corner of either Taylor Street or John Street and Cathedral Street, Glasgow. A surviving example of these Scott and Rae designed fountains commissioned by William Annan can be found at the junction of Renfield Street and Cowcaddens Road.

Information from Public Monuments and Sculpture Association website (see http://pmsa.cch.kcl.ac.uk/), 28 March 2008. Site Gazetteer

Site Number 108 Site Name Glasgow, High Street, College Goods Yard Type of Site Cottage (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS66NW 475 HER Number WoSAS Pin: 61995; WoSAS Event ID: 3832 Status Event Easting 260019 Northing 665002 Council Glasgow Description Archaeological Evaluation (February 2008 - March 2008)

NS 600 650 During February and March 2008 an evaluation was undertaken at a site off the High Street. The site is currently in use as a car park but previously had been the College Goods Yard Railway depot. It originally lay within the gardens of the old university. The Molendinar Burn also formerly ran open through the site before its canalisation in the 1850s. The potential survival of archaeological deposits pre-dating the railway yard was assessed through a series of trial trenches.

The western part of the site, beneath the railway yard deposits, consisted of made ground that extended beyond the 4–5m excavated in the test pits in the main trenches. This complemented previous ground investigations which had showed the made ground to vary between approximately 5-9m in depth. To the far S of the site, in a small area off Bell Street, the evaluation showed that the most of the area had been disturbed down to a depth of at least 4m by large brick walls relating to the former goods yard.

In the eastern area of the site the natural slope down to the Molendinar Burn was found in two trenches, one of which showed modification and management of the drainage on the slope before infilling. However, it had been heavily truncated at the eastern end, presumably when the Dowhill was flattened for the goods yard, and the western end was not reached due to the extreme depth. At the northern end of this eastern area a brick-built manhole leading down to the canalised burn was found. It showed the water of the Molendinar to be running in the culvert approximately 8.5– 9m below the current car park surface.

In the southern area of the E side of the site the lowest levels of a sandstone cottage were found. It was not clear whether the cottage was present when the burn was open or built after the burn had been canalised and infilled. It had been in existence before the final infilling of the slope in advance of the construction of the goods yard. The only direct documentary references to the site date to 1857–8 and 1864, after the culverting of the burn and partial infilling of the area. The cottage was probably built after 1820 when Blackfriars Street, at the end of which it sat, was created, while the burn was still open.

In general it appeared that the easternmost part of the site had been heavily truncated, removing any chance of archaeological remains surviving. The point from the mid parts of trenches one and two westward did show potential for preservation of archaeology, particularly to the E of the culverted burn where the original topography was uncovered and where remains predating the formation of the goods yard were discovered. The state of preservation in the western area is not known due to the depth of made ground.

Archive: RCAHMS (intended). Report: RCAHMS and WoSAS SMR

Funder: RMJM on behalf of Merchant City Properties

David Sneddon (GUARD), 2008 Site Gazetteer

Site Number 109 Site Name Glasgow, 219, 221 High Street, Old College Bar Type of Site Public House (Period Unassigned) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 5026 HER Number Status Event Easting 259874 Northing 665264 Council Glasgow Description Desk Based Assessment (11 February 2013)

Threatened Building Survey Programme 2012

A desk based assessment of this building was made by RCAHMS Threatened Building Survey following a consent/planning application for demolition works at the site being submitted to the planning local authority.

A request for RCAHMS to carry out a statutory survey of the site was made via online planning portal/letter.

Planning Application ref – 12/02189/DC

Site Number 110 Site Name Glasgow, Duke Street Type of Site No Class (Event) Listing No./NRHE Number NS66NW 482 HER Number WoSAS Event ID: 4923 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 260020 Northing 665300 Council Glasgow Description Watching Brief (6 March 2012 - 12 June 2012)

NS 60034 65313 A phased watching brief was undertaken 6 March – 12 June 2012 during excavation work prior to construction relating to a residential development. No significant archaeological remains were recorded and all of the material recorded related to late 18th-, 19th- and 20th-century use of the site.

Archive: RCAHMS. Report: WoSAS

Funder: Cruden Estates Ltd

Diane Gorman and Peter Klemen – Rathmell Archaeology Ltd, 2012

(Source: DES) Site Gazetteer

Site Number 111 Site Name Glasgow, 223-229 High Street Type of Site Shop(S), Tenement (19th Century) Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 5131 HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259884 Northing 665277 Council Glasgow Description No further information available

Site Number 112 Site Name Glasgow Type of Site Burgh Listing No./NRHE Number HER Number WoSAS Pin: 12819 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259882 Northing 665317 Council Description WoSASPIN 12819

NS56NE 94 59 65 King William granted to the bishop of Glasgow inn 1175 x 1178 a burgh at Glasgow with a weekly market and all the liberties of a king's burgh. Glasgow was erected a burgh of regality in 1587, and became legally a royal burgh in 1611. (Cf burghs of Anderston, Pollokshaws and Rutherglen, NS56NE 95, NS56SE 91 and NS66SW 69 respectively). G S Pryde 1965.

Traditionally, Glasgow's origins have been associated with the early church, but it is not until the early twelfth century that a cathedral dedicated to St Kentigern, or Mungo, is documented. The association of the area with the saint and the construction of a great cathedral may have encouraged the growth of a small settlement nearby. Some form of settlement existed by 1164, when the inhabitants of Glasgow fled from Somerled of Argyll's attack. The urban settlement at Glasgow acquired legal status between 1175 and 1178, when William the Lion bestowed a charter on Bishop Jocelin, granting a burgh to him and his successors. The area south of the cathedral seems to have been judged unsuitable for laying out a planned burgh, and the new burgage plots were laid out on the flat ground west of the Molendinar burn, near its confluence with the Clyde. Medieval Glasgow therefore had two nuclei, a commercial centre at the junction of Saltmarket and Trongate/Gallowgate, and an ecclesiastical centre near the cathedral where the bishops, and after 1492, the archbishops had their castle, and from where they exercised control over their burgh until the Reformation. Site Gazetteer

The most important streets in the medieval burgh were Saltmarket, Trongate, and Gallowgate. By 1300, development had taken place along the southern part of High Street and on Bridgegate. Further development took place through northward expansion along Stockwell Street and High Street. Development in the ecclesiastical centre was much slower, but those parts of Rottenrow, Drygate and Castle Street which adjoined the Cathedral Square area were substantially built up by the end of the fifteenth century. Important medieval foundations within the burgh were a thirteenth century Dominican friary, the University and a Franciscan friary in the fifteenth century. There were several chapels in and around the burgh to serve the local population, and there were two pre-Reformation hospitals. Expansion in the later medieval and early modern periods was limited, demand for new building being met by development on the backlands of properties in the commercial centre. There was little development in the former ecclesiastical centre after the Reformation. From the Act of Union in 1707, Glasgow began to change at an accelerated pace, and in the later eighteenth century, expanded beyond its medieval limits for the first time. HMcB, SRC Entered WoSAS (CF) 04/06/99

Further Reading and Sources Stevenson, J B , Exploring Scotland's heritage: the Clyde estuary and Central Region. Edinburgh.(1985)

Simpson, G G (ed.) , Scotland's medieval burghs: an archaeological heritage in danger. Edinburgh.(1972)

Pryde, G S , The burghs of Scotland: a critical list. London.(1965)

Glasgow delineated , Glasgow delineated in its institutions, manufactures, and commerce. Glasgow.(1827)

Cant and Lindsay, R G and I G , Old Glasgow: a description of old buildings illustrated with photographs, plans and a map. Edinburgh.(1947)

Swan and Leighton, J and J M , Select views of Glasgow and its environs engraved by Joseph Swan, from drawings by Mr J. Fleming and Mr J. Knox with historical and descriptive illustrations and an introductory sketch of the progress of the city: by John M. Leighton, esq., Glasgow; Edinburgh; LondoN(1828)

Gerrard, J , 'Architecture in Glasgow since World War One',Scottish Art Review,14,1974 3, pp.13-15, 28-31(1974)

Architects' Journal, , 'Glasgow revisited',The Architects' Journal,194, 22, pp.24-5(1991)

Scottish churches, , Scottish churches through the ages, [Glasgow]([195-?])

Aird, A , Glimpses of old Glasgow, Glasgow; Edinburgh and Glasgow(1894)

Cavers, K , A vision of Scotland: the nation observed by John Slezer 1671 to 1717, Edinburgh(1993)

Skene, J , A series of sketches of the existing localities alluded to in the Waverley Novels, Edinburgh; LondoN(1829)

Small and Millar, D and A H , Sketches of quaint bits in old Glasgow still standing in the year eighteen hundred and eighty-five, Glasgow(1887)

East Kilbride, , East Kilbride, Glasgow (Pamphlet)([196-?])

Stamp, G , 'Glasgow revived',The Spectator, pp.19-21,N(1983)

Mason, T , Royal guide to the city of Glasgow with handy map of the city and large coloured view of the International Exhibition 1888, Glasgow (Pamphlet)([1888]) Site Gazetteer

Brotchie, T C F , Catalogue (illustrated) of the paintings and drawings in the Old Glasgow Room..., [Glasgow] (Pamphlet)(1927)

Glasgow Institute of Fine Arts, , The memorial catalogue of the Old Glasgow Exhibition 1894, [Glasgow](1894)

Curl, J S , 'The heritage of Glasgow',Country Life,158, 4093, pp.1654-6, (Pamphlet)(1975)

Municipal Glasgow, , Municipal Glasgow: its evolution and enterprises, Glasgow(1914)

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Scottish Art Review, , Special Glasgow Number.,Scottish Art Review: special Glasgow number,V11, 4, [s.l.] (Pamphlet)(1960)

MacDonald, H , Rambles round Glasgow: descriptive, historical and traditional, Glasgow(1910)

Denholm, J , The history of Glasgow and suburbs: to which is added a sketch of a tour to the principal Scotch and English lakes, Glasgow(1804)

Denholm, J , An historical account and topographical description of the city of Glasgow and suburbs: containing a history of the rise and progress of the city, a description of the public buildings and an account of the political constitution, the university, and corporate bodies,compliled from authentic records and respectable authorities: calculated also to serve as a complete guide for strangers,., Glasgow(1797)

Swan, J , Swan's views from above the Falls of Clyde to Glasgow, Glasgow([183-?])

Kaplan, W (ed) , Charles Rennie Mackintosh, Glasgow/ New York, London(1996)

Gallagher, D B , Historic Glasgow: the archaeological implications of development, Edinburgh (Pamphlet)(1994)

Caven, B , Glasgow wins Civic Trust award [newscutting],The Herald, (Newspaper)(1994)

McKenzie, E , Sights set square on things to get done: Pat Lally back in power in Glasgow [newscutting], The Scotsman, Newspaper(1994)

Bell, G , As Glasgow prepares for its year as City of Architecture and Design, how some of the city centre's finest buildings are crumbling away [newscutting],The Scotsman, (Newspaper)(1995)

Smith, W J , 'An architectural anthology: Glasgow: 'Greek' Thomson, Burnet and Mackintosh',RIAS Quarterly,1951, pp.56-60(1951)

Gillespie, J , 'Catriona on civic improvement',RIAS Quarterly,1924, pp.120-5(1924)

Baxter, J N , 'How did they do that?',Prospect,1995, pp.4-5(1995)

Reed, P , 'Managed growth',Prospect,1995, pp.7-9(1995)

Paterson, D S , 'Glasgow and its buildings: 1',RIAS Quarterly,1929, pp.78-87(1929)

Glasgow, , 'Glasgow ''design'' guide',Prospect,1979, pp.3(1979)

Lyall, S , 'Glasgow: 57 varieties all at one sitting',Prospect,1985, pp.15-17(1985)

Worsdall, F , 'Plans that went away',Scottish Field,1965, pp.26-28(1965)

Macaulay, J , 'At the top of the hill',Scottish Field,1965, pp.50-53,1965(1965) Site Gazetteer

Lindsay, M , 'The county of the City of Glasgow',Scottish Field,1957, pp.34-37,1957(1957)

Sinclair, D , 'Glasgow: city of architecture',Prospect,1990, pp.6(1990)

3 D, , '3 D: design, debate, demonstrate, 2-16 November, 1990',Prospect,1990, pp.9(1990)

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Smith, W J , 'Glasgow: art and architecture',RIAS Quarterly,1951, pp.11-13(1951)

Paterson, D S , 'Glasgow: and its buildings',RIAS Quarterly,1951, pp.21-5, 29-32(1951)

Scottish Industrial Estates Ltd, , 'Glasgow: angle on industry',RIAS Quarterly,1951, pp.33- 6(1951)

Campbell, A B , 'Glasgow: seeing the ''sites'' ',RIAS Quarterly,1951, pp.47-9(1951)

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Edwards, B , 'Guide to the city of culture: The buildings of Scotland: Glasgow' [review],RIBA Journal,1990, pp.24, (Pamphlet)(1990)

Owens, R , 'Fighting for funds',The Architects' Journal,1990, pp.26-9(1990)

Mulvagh and Evans, G and B , 'Creating the context',The Architects' Journal,1990, pp.44-9(1990)

Hermansen, C , 'The phoenix returns',Prospect,1988, pp.12-13(1988)

Stevenson. S.J. & Torrie, E.P.D. , Historic Glasgow: the archaeological implications of development. (in two volumes: Part 1 and Part 2: Detailed Historical Evidence)(1990)

Site Number 113 Site Name Antiburgher Meeting House Type of Site Religious Listing No./NRHE Number HER Number WoSAS Pin: 68845 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259951 Northing 665260 Council Glasgow Description The Antiburgher Meeting House on Havannah Street which appears on the 1807 Fleming map was, according to the 'Topographical, Statistical and Historical Gazetteer of Scotland Volume 1' (p665) built in 1752. The Antiburghers themselves emerged in 1747 from a split in the Associate Presbytery between the Antiburghers, who opposed the Burgher Oath, and the Burghers/Associate Synods, who supported it. Indeed, a building resembling the Meeting House appears on 1778 McArthur map. 'The Picture of Glasgow' by Robert Chapman confirms that the Meeting House remained in this guise until at least 1822. Further splits in 1798 ensured that the Antiburghers divided into 'New Lichts' and 'Auld Lichts', with the 'New Lichts' faction eventually transforming into the United Presbyterian Church by 1847. On the 1857 OS Site Gazetteer

map, this can be seen in the emergence of the 'U.P. Church' on the site of the former Meeting House. It is unclear how long this Church remained in use for, however by 1892, a map by the OS shows the building functioning as 'Argyll Hall'. Entered WoSAS (EG) 23/08/2018

Site Number 114 Site Name Gallic Chapel Type of Site Religious; Chapel Listing No./NRHE Number HER Number WoSAS Pin: 68844 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 260033 Northing 665233 Council Glasgow Description The Gallic Chapel was built on Duke Street in 1798. The Chapel was funded by the Glasgow Highland Society through voluntary subscription, eventually totalling �1400. As outlined by Withers (1985), the Chapel was built to accommodate a Gaellic population in the city which had maintained a permanent presence since the 1650s and which, by the 1700s, was only growing larger subsequently outgrowing the existing Gallic Chapel on Ingram Street. The Chapel, which upon construction had a capacity of 1300 people, was intended primarily for Highlanders or those who could speak Gaellic. By 1857, the Chapel is labelled on an OS map as being 'in Ruins' - suggesting a steady decline in demand within the local area for a Gallic Chapel over the course of the first half of the 19th Century. However, an 1892 OS map reveals that by the end of the century the Chapel had been resurrected as 'St. Vincent's R. C. Chapel'. This transformation, from Gallic Chapel to Roman Catholic Chapel, serves as a useful indicator of the city and local area's changing patterns of immigration over the course of the 1800s, as numbers from Ireland superseded those from the Highlands. Entered WoSAS (EG) 23/08/2018

Site Number 115 Site Name Murdoch Buchanan & Co. Dye Works Type of Site Industrial; Dye Works Listing No./NRHE Number HER Number WoSAS Pin: 68843 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 260197 Northing 665156 Council Glasgow Description The Murdoch Buchanan & Co. Dye Works first appear in 1807 on the Fleming map. As a result, it is probable the buildings which are apparent on the Fleming map were constructed post- 1778 and the McArthur map. An 1857 OS map shows the site with a greater concentration of buildings on the bank of the Molendinar Burn. However, it is unclear whether the dye works is still operational at this point, as unlike the Molendinar Works (WOSASPIN: 47045) and Burnside Site Gazetteer

Tannery on the opposite side of the Burn, the dye works are not labelled in any way. By 1858, the site had been transformed with the construction of the John Burnet-designed 'Alexander Public School'. Entered WoSAS (EG) 23/08/2018

Site Number 116 Site Name Archaeological Evaluation and Historic Building Recording: Great Eastern Hotel, Duke Street, Gla Type of Site Archaeological Evaluation Listing No./NRHE Number HER Number WoSAS Event ID: 3746 Status Event Easting 260247 Northing 665141 Council Description Context: An archaeological evaluation and a programme of historic building recording was undertaken on the Great Eastern Hotel in advance of its conversion into residential use.

Results: The evaluation identified deep deposits of made ground n 3 of the 4 evaluation trenches, and only reached natural in one trench. The HBR identified 3 main phases in the development of the building.

Notes: The evaluation identified deep deposits of made ground in three of the four evaluation trenches, including a number of brick walls associated with various earlier buildings shown on historic Ordnance Survey maps, while the fourth trench revealed only natural alluvial deposits which was encountered below 0.7m of made ground. The historic building recording survey identified three main phases in the development of the building, with a number of internal features associated with the original use of the building as a cotton mill in addition to some of the changes made in order to convert the building into a hotel.

of this building a small projection at the rear of the building was depicted on the early maps. The hotel alterations plans show this to be a chute. Whether this was still in use during Phase 2 is unclear but it did not survive to the present day although its position is evident due to the blocked windows recorded on the ground to fourth floors.

A number of internal structures associated with Phase 1 were also recorded. This mainly comprised the bearing boxes located on the end walls of the third to fifth floors and the machine footprints and plinths found on the various floors. The bearing boxes had either been brick or stone-blocked with some covered with metal grilles. These would have held drive shafts that powered the machinery on each floor. Unfortunately none of the bracketing that would have held the shafts in place survived. Not even any visible evidence of there position was identified. The only evidence of any power transfer from a lower floor was found on the second floor where two large iron brackets fixed between the ceiling beams close to the lift shaft were located. This corresponds with the theory that the power source was located where the toilet block was recorded. It seems a pulley system must also have been in place during Phase 1 as to each floor was a full door opening that had later been modified to a window. On the floor at the base of these openings were two small iron flanges (or at least the holes for such flanges) suggesting some sort of mechanism or frame was held in place by the flanges. In addition to this, all of the windows in front of the flanges had flush sills to the wall (projecting sills would have impeded the lifting of any goods). It is not clear if the two larger cart-door openings on the front wings of the building were altered as part of the hotel alterations or if they were original features built as decoration. The blocked cart-door entrance on the east side of the rear wall was clearly part of the original construction that was blocked-up as part of Phase 2.

The final phase saw the construction of the two emergency exit staircases to each end of the rear face of the building. Text from AOC Archaeology Data Structure Report

NS 6026 6517 Prior to residential redevelopment we undertook a 5% evaluation and historic building recording at the Great Eastern Hotel during August and September 2007. The archaeological evaluation comprised four trenches across the rear S side of the hotel. Three of the trenches encountered made ground up to 3.5m deep plus a number of brick walls associated with earlier buildings on the site. The building record identified three main phases of construction with additional minor alterations. Most of the building was associated with the early 1849 cotton mill and a number of small internal features were recorded. The building was altered to a hotel in 1907 and a number of features associated with this were also recorded. The final phase included the addition of fire escape staircases in the mid 20th century. Archive to be deposited with RCAHMS. Funder: Grant Murray Architects DES 2007

Archive Holdings Wilson, D. , AOC Archaeolgy Group, Great Eastern Hotel, Glasgow: Archaeological Evaluation and Historic Building Record - Data Structure Report(2007)

Site Number 117 Site Gazetteer

Site Name Yule & Co. Cotton Works Type of Site Industrial; Cotton Works Listing No./NRHE Number HER Number WoSAS Pin: 68842 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 260260 Northing 665170 Council Glasgow Description The original cotton works on Duke Street, as seen on the 1807 Fleming map as owned by 'Geo. Yule & Cos', probably originate post-1778 based on the fact that Duke Street itself does not appear on the 1778 McArthur map. Furthermore, the cotton works in their original guise do not appear to have existed for too long as by 1857 the site had been split between the Moledinar Works (WOSASPIN: 47045) and Burnside Tannery. Incidentally, the Moledinar Works on the 1857 OS map appear to refer to the 1848-built 'RF and J Alexander' cotton mill designed by Charles Wilson. Entered WoSAS (EG) 23/08/2018

Site Number 118 Site Name Desk-Based Assessment: Great Eastern Hotel, Duke Street, Glasgow Type of Site Desk-Based Assessment Listing No./NRHE Number HER Number WoSAS Event ID: 3836 Status Event Easting 260266 Northing 665163 Council Description Context: A desk-based assessment was undertaken in advance of the proposed redevelopment of the Great Eastern Hotel, which proposed the subdivision and alteration of the hotel building and the erection of a new residential development

Results: The project report used publicly-accessible written and cartographic sources to trace the development history of the building and its site. It also identified 33 potential sites in the surrounding area

Notes:

Archive Holdings Fouracre, L. , AOC Archaeolgy Group, Great Eastern Hotel, Duke Street, Glasgow: Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment(2007)

Site Number 119 Site Name Castledykes - Bothwellhaugh - Balmuildy (?) Site Gazetteer

Type of Site Roman Road Listing No./NRHE Number NS66SW 95 HER Number WoSAS Pin: 12167 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 260237 Northing 665316 Council Glasgow Description WoSASPIN 12167 NS66SW 95 Unlocated. RR 5.

The course of this road beyond the North Calder Water (NS 681 623) is largely unknown. 'Glasgow would probably be entered by way of what is now Great Eastern Road, and the route would appear to have been by the Drygate and Dobbie's Loan, Port Dundas, Possilpark and Lambhill to the fort of Balmuildy' (NS57SE 12). (But cf. RCAHMS remarks on NS66SE 26.) J M Davidson 1952.

Davidson, J M , 'From Corbiehall (Castledykes) to the Forth-Clyde isthmus', in Miller, S N (ed.), 'The Roman occupation of south-western Scotland', pp.66-87. Glasgow.(1952)

Site Number 120 Site Name Archaeological Evaluation: Duke Street, Glasgow Type of Site Archaeological Evaluation Listing No./NRHE Number HER Number WoSAS Event ID: 4452 Status Event Easting 260012 Northing 665279 Council Description Context: An archaeological evaluation took place in advance of a proposed development at Duke Street due to the position of the site on the southern side of the medieval High Street

Results: No significant archaeological remains were located within the development area, which had been extensively disturbed following the construction of substantial buildings, with associated cellarage, during the 19th and 20th centuries

Notes: Archaeological and Historical Background A bishopric was established at Glasgow by David I between 1114 and 1118, when he ruled southern Scotland prior to becoming king. The cathedral was on a site traditionally associated with St. Kentigern (also known as St. Mungo, the patron saint of Glasgow) in the sixth century. The burgh was founded by a charter granted by William the Lion in favour of the bishop of Glasgow in 1175, although in all likelihood some form of settlement may already have been in existence. At the same time, the King granted the bishop the right to hold a weekly market on a Thursday. In addition the bishop was granted, between 1189 and 1198, the right to hold annual fairs (Gunn & Newbigin 1921).

The location of the early burgh is not clear but, by the 13th century at the latest, the mercantile centre of Glasgow was at the junction of Saltmarket, Trongate, Gallowgate and High Street (Glasgow Cross). This was where the tollbooth was built for the collection of taxes such Site Gazetteer

as �ladle duty� and other burgh administration. The tower situated at the bottom of High Street is the steeple of the tollbooth built in 1626, which was itself built to replace a previous tollbooth (Stevenson & Torrie 1990).

In broad terms Medieval Glasgow had two centres of occupation: an upper ecclesiastical settlement near the cathedral to the north, and a lower mercantile settlement to the south around the Gallowgate and Trongate. These two settlements were linked by High Street, along which burgage plots may have been laid out fairly early on - although development does not appear to have been rapid (ibid).

There are no specific known archaeological sites within the development area, beyond its location within the medieval core of the burgh of Glasgow. The prompt for the archaeological investigative works was the potential for currently unknown archaeological sites.

The frontage onto the upper portion of High Street The High Street as it falls from its junction with Rottenrow to that with Duke Street follows a sinuous route, curving right (west) before curving back left (east), taking this form to cope with the steeply falling ground. As already identified above, the burgh was founded in 1175 AD and developed around the two centres of activity conjoined by the High Street. As such, settlement along the High Street may date from the twelfth century, although there have been no recorded investigations on this portion of the High Street.

The first sound detailed mapping shows a continuous street frontage (McArthur 1778, although this may mask a dynamic environment that saw frequent reconstruction and remodelling. Fleming�s town plan (1807) contrasts with McArthur�s, showing - 30 years later - that large sections of the frontage in the northeastern corner of the development area had been removed.

By the 1st edition Ordnance Survey in 1857 the full frontage onto the High Street had been restored. The pre-Ordnance Survey accuracy of mapping obscures whether there has been any realignment or broadening of the road, although the loss of the fore-structures shown on Fleming suggests that there may have been an attempt during this period to broaden the roadway.

In contrast the 2nd edition Ordnance Survey in 1893 shows the northwestern frontage having been cleared and road widening having taken place. This is in part exaggerated by widening works having occurred on both sides of the roadway and the change in position of the Rottenrow junction, which has moved east.

However, it is clear that the new frontage buildings in the northeast are not those depicted on the 1st edition and that these new structures universally stand further south. Subsequent editions of the Ordnance Survey mapping (1914 and 1932-8) show that the full street frontage was re-established and continued until the late 20th century, when the site was substantially cleared.

Backlands from the upper portion of High Street The backlands of upper High Street as it climbs towards Rottenrow appear more ambiguous in their extent. They have been assumed to run west to east, being halted by the limits of the first backland in the continuation of Rottenrow beyond the end of the High Street (Renwick & Lindsay1921). This cannot be confirmed as the first sound mapping indicates that these High Street backlands appeared to fall to the south (1778 McArthur, Fig. 2a) leaving a piece of seemingly open land to the north of Havana Street.

The first apparent documented use of this land was in 1778, when it was noted by McArthur as Pettigrew�s Tile Work, which stood to the east of the development site. This industry though, appears to have been of short duration and after the creation of Duke Street, seems to have gone out of business altogether.

Access to the backlands became easier with the forming of Burrell�s Lane, presumably created in conjunction with the formation of Duke Street in the very late eighteenth century (see below). This saw an increase in the number of structures within the backlands (see 1807 Site Gazetteer

Fleming) although some ground appears to have been used as gardens, with trees depicted. From the mid nineteenth century the Ordnance Survey has depicted an intensive use of the backland area with continuous structures and yards.

The ground to the east of the site was depicted on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey as the North Prison, subsequently expanding and becoming the Duke Street Prison. The boundary wall standing on the east side is most likely the boundary wall of this prison, remodelled at its northern end in the late nineteenth century when the High Street was realigned and the prison expanded.

Duke Street Duke Street is a road which was forced across the pre-existing line of High Street without respecting the extant land boundaries or ownership. This road was first laid out in 1794 and crosses the High Street at the base of the climb to the Cathedral. It then runs east to cross the Molendinar Burn to the south of Drygate Bridge.

This road was originally proposed by the Carron Company of Falkirk as a more direct route from Glasgow through Cumbernauld to Carron. Initially named Carntyne Road this road was renamed Duke Street after the Duke of Montrose�s lodgings which overlooked it (Foreman 1997).

Alternatively it has been proposed that the road was named after the Duke of York, the contemporary commander of the British Army, as an indication of loyalty (ibid).

The frontage on Duke Street was established very rapidly after its creation, with Fleming (1807, Fig. 2b) depicting half of the frontage from the development area as already filled with structures.

The Ordnance Survey shows a continuous frontage from the mid 19th century, a situation which continued until site clearance in the late twentieth century. As a broad intrusive road, there is no suggestion of the realignment or alteration of this street frontage.

Ground Conditions The development area predominantly occupies a relatively level area of ground adjacent to the High Street, which then falls steadily to Duke Street. The ground is generally unenclosed amenity ground with a number of mature trees standing upon it. The south�western corner of the development area is occupied by a single storey building, the Lampost Bar, which fronts onto Duke Street. To the rear is a gravel car park that is accessed from Burrell�s Lane. The site is bounded to the north by High Street, to the south by Duke Street, to the west by Burrell�s Lane and to the east by the former prison boundary wall. A public footpath runs through the site on the eastern side adjacent to the boundary wall. Site Investigations have been undertaken in two stages, by White Young Green in 2005 and by IKM in 2010. The 2005 works were limited to five boreholes which characterised made ground depths of between 1.4 and 1.6m. The subsequent 2010 works focused more on trial pits, and provided a more accurate gauge of made ground depths. These 19 trial pits delivered made ground depths of between 0.8m and 2.1m. The presence of (relatively) shallow depths of made ground in the northeast corner of the site adjacent to greater depths (more than 2m) suggest that cellarage or other forms of truncation have occurred on the slope. Further archaeological interpretation from made ground descriptions in site investigation works remains challenging as often surfaces and layers of material are not differentiated from foundations.

Project Works A programme of archaeological works was undertaken from the 11th to the 12th of August 2010 and included the excavation by machine of a series of evaluation trenches within the development area in order to examine approximately 70m2 of the proposed development area. Trenches were excavated using a JCB 3cx using a 1.8m ditching bucket. In practice approximately 42 linear meters of trenching were opened resulting in approximately 75m2 of trenching.

The trenches were for the most part located as shown in the Method Statement (Rees 2010). The only exception was in Trench 2, which was moved one meter north in order to protect cars Site Gazetteer

in the car-park. The entire excavation area was surveyed using a CAT scanner prior to excavation works commencing. Although the readings proved to be unreliable the excavation proceeded carefully on the basis that services may be present. No active services were uncovered in the course of the evaluation works.

Within each trench the aim was to evaluate the archaeological strata to a depth of 2m. The presence of numerous historic structures and unconsolidated made ground meant that the general trench could not feasibly be reduced to this depth without potentially damaging historic structures. In consequence a sequence of test pits were sunk from the general bed of trenches to continue the evaluation of the strata on-site to depths that could not be accessed through the general trench.

Findings: Evaluation All four evaluation trenches were excavated using a JCB 3cx excavator. The trenches were located in accessible portions of the development area. The excavation area is bordered on the east edge by a concrete path; the south-west corner is occupied by a public house with a car park to the immediate north. The remainder of the development area is partially covered in large mature trees.

The evaluation trenches were excavated in the order Trench 3, 4, 1 and 2 so that those which were more awkward or least accessible were excavated first. Trench 3 was 18m long and ran roughly south-west to north-east, adjacent to the northern boundary of the development area, i.e. roughly parallel with High Street. According to the previous site investigations the north- eastern end of Trench 3 should have uncovered made ground to a depth of less than 1.2m. At the south-western end made ground was predicted to continue to depths of more than 2m.

Trench 3 was excavated to a minimum depth of 1.2m and for the most part continued to a depth of 1.5m although danger of collapse made the deeper portions of the trench unsafe to enter. The entire 1.5m depth of Trench 3 was excavated through layers of made ground and structural material (302). In several places in the trench in-situ structural remains were noted including; a sandstone wall face (304), two parallel sandstone wall faces (306) and (308), a concrete surface (310) and a rectangular brick structure (312).

The sandstone walls were all constructed of large cut sandstone blocks, typically measuring 800mm by 400mm by 300mm, and pieces of similar blocks were noted amongst the layers of made ground. Similarly, fragments of brick were also common in the made ground indicating the demolition of more modern structures. In two areas of the trench no in-situ structural remains were located and so these were chosen as suitable locations for test pits.

A sequence of test pits was excavated to assess sediments that were deeper than the general bed of the trench. These test pits were placed in locations that did not impact on historic structures that were present within the larger trench.

Test Pit 1 was excavated near the north-eastern end of Trench 3 to a depth of 2m. Although more homogeneous sediments of grey silty clay (314) were uncovered the continued inclusion of sandstone and brick fragments meant that this was also identified as made ground. Test Pit 2, near the south-western end of Trench 3, was excavated into similar deposits of grey silty clay to a depth of 2.2m (Figure 8b). In this test pit the top of a line of sandstone blocks was uncovered along with a disused water pipe. Clearly, even at a depth greater than 2m the northern end of the development area was still in made ground.

Trench 4 was excavated among the trees in the eastern central portion of the development area, just to the east of the car park. It was excavated to a depth of approximately 1.3m for 8m in length, running north to south (Figure 9a). The southern end of Trench 4 was made ground composed of brick and sandstone fragments (407); this deposit was extremely prone to collapse. The remains of a sandstone wall (405) were uncovered around the centre of the trench running east-west. To the north of this wall layered deposits of made ground were uncovered ((408), (409), (410) and (404)) and in the north end a shallow brick structure (403) prevented further excavation.

Test Pit 3 was excavated through the approximate centre of Trench 4 to a depth of 2.3m. The Site Gazetteer

lower sediments uncovered by this test pit were compact sandy silt containing frequent flecks of charcoal (411). Although this deposit contained no structural material it cannot confidently be described as in-situ subsoil, however, it may be re-deposited subsoil. Further excavation would have drastically increased the risk of the trench collapsing.

Trench 1 was excavated along the north-western boundary of the development area, running north-south and adjacent to Burrell�s Lane (Figure 9b). The southern half of Trench 1 contained a level brick surface (102) ending in a wall (104), and so the southernmost point was excavated to a depth of 300mm. Because of the slope of the ground, the centre of the trench reached approximately 1m deep with the northern end, excavated through made ground (106), achieving a depth of 1.3m. The made ground was composed of sandstone, brick and other demolition rubbish. The risk of collapse in this area meant that further excavation ran the risk of undermining the adjacent road surface.

Trench 2 was excavated in the approximate northern centre of the development area. Initially Trench 2 was excavated to a depth of 1.2m. The first 1.2m was composed of layered made ground ((207), (208), (209) and (210)) containing fragments of sandstone and brick. Beneath the made ground was a layer of silty clay (205) which may have been re-deposited subsoil. Upon further excavation of Test Pit 4 archaeologically sterile subsoil (211) was reached at depths greater than 1.4m.

Discussion The archaeological evaluation successfully excavated the four agreed trenches within the proposed development area. However, extensive remains of historic structures (predominantly walls and surfaces) were exposed in all four trenches. Within the narrow width of the trenches excavated (1.8 to 2m) it was not credible to match these structures to the mapped extent of buildings structures with confidence . Their character, predominantly massive sandstone walls, suggest that they are the remnants of buildings that have stood on the site from the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

Within those sediments examined no evidence was recovered of the medieval occupation of the area. Specifically there were no structures uncovered that were formed of clay or lime mortar bonded walls, nor any structures built of rubble or other un-dressed masonry. Further no material culture (especially pottery sherds) were recovered that would suggest medieval or post-medieval occupation. Indeed, all material culture observed on-site was from the nineteenth and twentieth centuries (and hence typically not recovered).

Within one trench, Trench 2, a natural subsoil (211) was located that was judged to be in-situ and hence archaeologically sterile drift geology. This was only uncovered in a very small area (approximately 1.8m2) and was at a depth of 1.4m below modern ground surface. Given that the site was tested to more than 2m it is notable that only at one point was in-situ subsoil exposed and that this shallow survival was in the centre of the site, distant from the frontages onto High Street, Duke Street and Burrells Lane. However, note that no topsoil or other comparable sediment was noted overlying the fragment of shallow in-situ subsoil, implying that even this shallow fragment had been subject to some scale of truncation.

Examination of the remains in Trench 3, at the northern limit of the site, exposed a sequence of large scale structures that presumably formed the frontage onto the High Street. This frontage, of tenement structures, was mapped in 1857 before the realignment of the High Street and after in 1893. The realignment of the street clearly led to it overlying the original frontage, with a wholly new set of tenements being constructed further south in the late nineteenth century. The reasonable inference is that the 1857 survey depicted a landscape that was relatively stable from the eighteenth century and hence comparable to the medieval and post-medieval landscape. In contrast the 1893 survey depicts a landscape that is likely to have been substantially remodelled to cope with the expansion, realignment and probable re- grading of the High Street.

The sediments in Trench 3 were excavated to a depth of more then 2m below the corresponding level of High Street. Accepting that the widening of High Street in the late nineteenth century may have led to localised re-grading it remains reasonable that these large sandstone walls represent the foundations and/or cellars of nineteenth century tenement Site Gazetteer

buildings. As all these walls appear to have demolition rubble and general made ground abutting them at depth suggests that this material is the fill of and originally void space between the walls � i.e. cellars. The relative depth of these cellars in comparison both with shallow subsoil noted by the site investigation works in the northeast corner of the site and by these works in Trench 2 implies that these cellars massively truncated the underlying subsoil.

A sandstone wall (405) was uncovered running east-west in Trench 4 and was noteworthy because it seemed to delimit an area of demolition-filled made ground to the south from progressive layers of backfill to the north. This suggests that it may have been the rear wall of a structure facing onto Duke Street subsequently demolished to the south of the wall. The build- up of made ground in the northern part of Trench 4 is more difficult to explain, however; it would appear that it continues to a considerable depth, more than 2.5m.

Brick structures were common upon the site and as well as being noted in Trenches 1, 3 and 4, additional brick walls were also noted in the sections of Trench 1 and 3. There was also a considerable quantity of red brick in the made ground suggesting the demolition of several brick structures. These structures are probably of nineteenth or twentieth century origin and may reflect the use of brick within structures that were faced on their street frontage with dressed sandstone masonry.

Overall the balance of the evaluation is that the majority of the development site has been severely truncated by nineteenth and twentieth century development. This same development has also led to an increase in levels through dumping of demolition material. Text from Rathmell Archaeology Ltd data structure report

Matthews, A. , Rathmell Archaeological Ltd., Duke Street, Glasgow: Archaeological Evaluation(2010)

Site Number 121 Site Name Alms House Type of Site Hospital; Meeting House Listing No./NRHE Number HER Number WoSAS Pin: 68841 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 260107 Northing 665434 Council Glasgow Description The land on the site of the Alms House was purchased in 1605 by fourteen local Glaswegian craft guilds. The House itself is then thought to have been constructed later on during the 17th Century. The House contained a hall used for corporate meetings, examinations, and elections. Using the 1857 OS map it appears that the Alms House survived until at least the mid-19th Century. However, by 1886, a map produced by Bartholomew shows the site blank - this could possibly be related to the changing street layout of the site's immediate surroundings such as the expansion of Cathedral Square and straigthening of Rottenrow. Entered WoSAS (EG) 22/08/2018

Site Number 122 Site Gazetteer

Site Name Albion Street Chapel Type of Site Chapel; Factory Listing No./NRHE Number HER Number WoSAS Pin: 68857 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259646 Northing 665283 Council Glasgow Description Albion Street Chapel was built in 1802 as a Congregationalist place of worship. The Chapel was notable for having Ralph Wardlaw as Minister. Wardlaw was a notable anti-slavery campaigner and prolific writer before his death in 1853. It is unclear as to the exact appearance of the building, however the 1807 Fleming map appears to illustrate the Chapel as being of a rectangular shape of medium size, with a small extension on the Chapel's west side. It is probably accurate to suggest that the Chapel was of medium-to-small size because in 1819 Wardlaw and the Congregationalists left the site and moved to West George Street (WOSASPIN: 19931), as a result of the original site's cramped conditions. The middle of the 1800s saw the site become a warehouse, before conversion to a factory producing tobacco by the end of the century. Devine et al. reveal that by the late 1850s, North Albion Street was home to a tobacco factory owned by notable tobacco producers F. and J. Smith, who employed over 200 people at locations around the city. Entered WoSAS (EG) 23/08/2018

Site Number 123 Site Name Chapel of Ease Type of Site Religious; Chapel Listing No./NRHE Number HER Number WoSAS Pin: 68856 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259640 Northing 665236 Council Glasgow Description The 'Chapel of Eafe' on North Albion Street was built in 1766 as the 'Meeting-House of the Free Presbyterian Society' (Cleland 1816). William Cruden was selected to be the first minister of the House until 1774. Around this time, the House joined the Presbytery of Glasgow and became the a Chapel of Ease. Archibad Bennie, writing in 1847, contended that the Chapel was 'the largest place of worship in Glasgow' at the time. Using the 1857 OS map of Glasgow it is possible to assume that the Chapel went out of use sometime between Bennie's writing in 1847 and the map's drawing by the 1850s. Entered WoSAS (EG) 23/08/2018

Site Number 124 Site Name Archaeological evaluation and excavations: City Science Centre, Shuttle Street, Glasgow (Areas Site Gazetteer

Type of Site Archaeological evaluation Listing No./NRHE Number HER Number WoSAS Event ID: 6130 Status Event Easting 259706 Northing 665219 Council Glasgow Description Context: A programme of archaeological excavations was carried out in 2003 on land to the south side of George Street between Albion Street and High Street prior to a major redevelopment of the site.

Results: A series of evaluation trenches were excavated in 2004 in areas to the east and south of the main Friary site to locate the extent of any intact archaeological deposits elsewhere within the development area.

Notes: Two areas of archaeological survival were located during this phase of work, one on the east side of Shuttle Street the other to the south. A full excavation was subsequently carried out in these two areas.

The main feature exposed east of Shuttle Street (Area 1) was a linear ditch previously identified by SUAT (Mackenzie 1994) during excavations immediately to the south. The ditch was aligned parallel with the street and its backfill was dated not later than the 15th century. This boundary ditch likely defined the western limit of the backlands of properties that would have fronted onto the west side of the High Street in the medieval period.

In the area to the south of College Street (Area 4) an area of cultivation furrows was uncovered. Similar furrows had also been recorded during the main excavation some 50 m to the northeast. The furrows are probably related to the market garden established in 1705 on the site of the former friary. Sealed below the furrows was a V-shaped ditch aligned roughly parallel with Shuttle Street 25 m to the east. It was 1.6 m wide and up to 1 m deep and over 24 m long. The ditch may be part of mid 17th century defences built around Glasgow.

Headland Archaeology Ltd. Dalland, M. 2004

Site Number 125 Site Name Shuttle Street; College Lane Type of Site Ditch; Pit Listing No./NRHE Number HER Number WoSAS Pin: 68189 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259788 Northing 665255 Council Glasgow Description WoSAS Pin 68189 NS 5978 6525

A programme of archaeological excavations was carried out in 2003 on land to the south side of George Street between Albion Street and High Street prior to a major redevelopment of the Site Gazetteer

site. The area occupies the site of the former Franciscan friary established in the late 15th century. Following the excavation of the Friary, a series of evaluation trenches were excavated in 2004 in areas to the east and south of the main Friary site to locate the extent of any intact archaeological deposits elsewhere within the development area. Two such areas were located, one on the east side of Shuttle Street, the other to the south. A full excavation was subsequently carried out in these two areas.

Area 1 was a sub-square area 10 m by 10.5 m located between College Lane and Shuttle Street. Evaluation trench 4 cut into this area from the north. Although no features had been uncovered in Trench 4, the presence of undisturbed subsoil and its close proximity to the late medieval features uncovered in 1992 triggered the full excavation of this area.

Four substantial features were uncovered, all narrowly missed by the evaluation trench. The major feature within the area was a ditch aligned northeast to southwest, parallel with Shuttle Street. It was truncated to the north by a deep modern cellar, but continued under the site edge to the south. The ditch was 2 m - 2.5 m wide and up to 0.7 m deep and exposed over a distance of 8.9 m within the area. The side was steeper to the east with a stepped west side and a flat base. It was cut down onto bedrock in the north half. The ditch was filled with fairly uniform mid brown sandy clay. There was evidence of weathering on both sides and in the base of the trench.

This ditch was also uncovered in the area immediately to the south excavated in 1994. The ditch extended across the entire area and was 0.7 m deep and up to 2.2 m wide. Combining the results from the 1992 and 2004 excavations, the ditch was over 21 m long.

To the east of the ditch was a large oval pit, 4.4 m by 2.9 m and 1 � 1.5 m deep, aligned parallel with the ditch. The pit had steep sides and was cut down to bedrock that sloped down towards the east. A layer of weathered bedrock had been cut away in the middle of the pit. It had been backfilled with re-deposited orange and red clay under a layer of mixed dark brown silty clay.

The pit had cut two earlier features to the north. One of these was a linear feature up to 2.9 m long, 1.25 m wide and up to 0.5 m deep. It had steep to curving sides and a flat base and was truncated to the north by a modern cellar. The ditch had a slightly asymmetric profile, with a step east side and a sloping and stepped west side. It was filled with re-deposited red clay. There was some evidence of silting in the base of the ditch. There were no traces of the ditch to the south of the pit, indicating that it had terminated within the cut of the ditch.

A cut was visible immediately to the east of the ditch. Only a narrow segment some 0.7 m wide survived between the pit to the south and the cellar wall to the north. Although heavily truncated, the cut appear to have been sub circular, 1.6 m across and 0.5 m deep. It had a stepped profile to the east and a curving side to the west with a flat base. It was filled with redeposited red-brown clay that became very stony at the base of the pit. Dalland, M., Headland Archaeology Ltd, 'City Science Centre, Shuttle Street, Glasgow: Archaeological evaluation and excavations 2004 - Areas 1 � 5: Data Structure Report', 2004

Site Number 126 Site Name Archaeological Watching Brief: Shuttle Street, Glasgow Type of Site Archaeological Watching Brief Listing No./NRHE Number HER Number WoSAS Event ID: 3274 Status Event Easting 259770 Site Gazetteer

Northing 665260 Council Glasgow Description Context: An archaeological watching brief during the excavation of 5 trenches on W side of Shuttle Street, Glasgow.

Results: Archaeological findings inconclusive

Notes: The presence of re-deposited oyster shells in the service trench backfill suggests that the sandstone walling could be associated with the Medieval period, and possibly even the Franciscan friary (with origins in the fifteenth century). This however, is based on limited excavation and a dearth of archaeological context within which to interpret the sections of walling. Although no solid evidence for undisturbed archaeological deposits was encountered at Shuttle Street, the site may still retain undisturbed deposits elsewhere in the proposed development area. It is therefore recommended that a more substantial and targeted phase of evaluation be undertaken prior to constructin work beginning at the site.

Archive Holdings Johnstone, L H , GUARD, An archaeological watching brief at Shuttle Street, Glasgow(2001)

Site Number 127 Site Name An archaeological watching brief Shuttle Street/College Street. Glasgow Type of Site Archaeological Watching Brief Listing No./NRHE Number HER Number WoSAS Event ID: 1220 Status Event Easting 259737 Northing 665224 Council Glasgow Description Context: WB on ground reduction and grading in advance of large scale development.

Results: Ground reduction ceased before modern deposits were penetrated - there may be archaeological survival in deeper deposits.

Notes: Two areas in GIS, point centered on Area 2, but larger area (1) is 45m NE.

White, R. , SUAT, An archaeological watching brief Shuttle Street/College Street. Glasgow(2002)

Site Number 128 Site Name An Archaeological Watching Brief, Shuttle Street, Glasgow. Type of Site Archaeological Watching Brief Listing No./NRHE Number HER Number WoSAS Event ID: 818 Status Event Site Gazetteer

Easting 259823 Northing 665266 Council Description Context: Watching brief on ground reduction in advance of large scale development, commissioned by University of Strathclyde (requested by WoSAS on basis of previous evaluation and excavation)

Results: No artefacts or important structures were discovered. See notes.

Notes: Even though nothing of archaeological importance was discovered, there is the possibility that there may be features present at lower levels, though the watching brief was unable to prove this either way.

Archive Holdings Glendinning, B. , SUAT, An Archaeological Watching Brief, Shuttle Street, Glasgow(2002)

Dalland, M. , Headland Archaeology Ltd., Data Structure Report: Archaeological Excavations at City Science Centre, Shuttle Street, Glasgow.(2003)

Site Number 129 Site Name Deanside Well Type of Site Well Listing No./NRHE Number HER Number WoSAS Pin: 67920 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259750 Northing 665320 Council Glasgow Description Grid Reference: 259750, 665320 NGR from location of later "pump" on O.S. 1st Ed. Large Scale Town Plan

WoSASPIN 67920

NS 59750 65320 In 1304 Bishop Robert Wishart granted to the Dominican friars (Blackfriars) of Glasgow the meadowwell in Deanside, from where water was channelled to the friary precincts (see WoSASPIN 8586). The 1304 Charter referred to the watersource as "scaturiens fons" - gushing or flowing fountain, which may imply that it was a spring issuing from the hillside. This is supported by other descriptions, such as that of Andrew Aird in his "Glimpses of Old Glasgow" (1894) 'The Deanside Well, a spring near the foot of Balmano Brae, was a celebrated well, which was reputed by punch drinkers as specially suited to mix with their spirits.' McArthur's 1778 Plan of the City of Glasgow, Gorbells and Caltoun of Glasgow shows the Deanside Well on the N side of the W extension of Bun's Wynd in a widened area at the foot of an unlabelled Deanside Lane descending the steep slope from Rottenrow. The approximate location of this would be NS 59755 65315, but the area was redeveloped in 1792 when George Street was created, sweeping away earlier properties on its line. The Deanside well is not shown on Fleming's detailed map of 1807, where the S frontage of George Street at this point is shown undeveloped. However, the watersource continues to be referred to as a 35 feet deep pumped well during the early 19th century, and the Ordnance Survey Large Scale Town Plan of 1857 (Glasgow Sheet VI.11.12) shows a feature described as a Site Gazetteer

pump within the road pavement at approximately 59752 65319, which may be the last evidence of the ancient spring before it was removed. A section of truncated NW-SE aligned ditch of possible medieval date which was found during excavations to the E of Shuttle Street in 1994 (see WoSAS Event 3082) lay obliquely in relation to the late medieval and early modern burgage plot boundaries which crossed the site, and therefore may have been vestigial remains of the early water supply from the Deanside well to the Blackfriars. Entered WoSAS (HMcB) 06/02/2017

Site Number 130 Site Name Archaeological Trial Trench: Greyfriars, Shuttle Street Type of Site Archaeological Trial Trench Listing No./NRHE Number HER Number WoSAS Event ID: 3219 Status Event Easting 259708 Northing 665278 Council Glasgow Description Context: A Manpower Services Commission-funded SUAT-sponsored archaeology job creation project to excavate sites threatened with development.

Results: Rubbish pits of 17th century date, cut through a truncated cultivated soil horizon

Notes: NS 597 652

Rubbish pits of 17th century date cut through a truncated cultivated soil horizon. Post- excavation and documentary research work has revealed that the site of the Glasgow Greyfriars Monastery was not that suggested by Mr Eric Talbot (Discovery Excav Scot 1969), but rather was situated 80m to the E at the junction of Shuttle Street and Shuttle Lane. McBrien, J.H.. Discovery& Excavation inf Scotland, 1986

Organisation: Scottish Urban Archaeological Trust

Director(s): Johnston, D.A.

Year: 1986

Site Number 131 Site Name Broad Close, No. 167 High Street Type of Site Close, alley Listing No./NRHE Number HER Number WoSAS Pin: 69155 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259740 Site Gazetteer

Northing 665200 Council Glasgow Description 259740, 665200 NGR of viewpoint of photo inferred from OS Large Scale Town Plan

WoSASPIN 69155

NS 59740 65200 Broad Close, No. 167 High Street, was one of many closes or access passageways between the long rows of buildings which densely occupied the historic burgage plots of medieval Glasgow by the 19th century (see WoSASPIN 12819). While the majority of these closes were relatively narrow passages formed on one or other side of the burgage plots, Broad Close was notable for its comparative width (c.5-6m), which gave it its common name. As with most closes off main thoroughfares, it was reached through a narrow pend under the street frontage building, and then widened. Broad Close extended c. 82m NW from the High Street frontage, as far as the modern Shuttle Street (formerly identified as "Grayfriar's Wynd" on John McArthur�s 1778 �Plan of the City of Glasgow: Gorbells and Caltoun�). As the width of this close was similar to that of some of the narrower burgage plots in the medieval town core, it may be that it was deliberately laid out at the time the land here was first feued out in order to provide a wider access through the new burgages in this area to the burgh lands beyond, or to facilitate the townspeople's access to the late 15th C Franciscan Friary or "Greyfriars" church (see WoSASPIN 8585). It is also possible that the close was created at a later point from what had become a "waste burgage", an under-used or un-used plot acquired and set aside as an access route by the burgh authorities. The backland areas of the burgage plots to NE and SW of Broad Close developed over time in the same manner as those accessed from other closes. Within the constrained area of the earlier medieval burgh, the use of wood and thatch for buildings, and their increasing density through the 17th and 18th centuries, raised the fire risk and inevitably resulted in a number of serious conflagrations. Burgh ordinances attempted to ensure that buildings of stone and slate became the norm, and that the closes were causeyed (paved), but older buildings continued in use, particularly in the backlands. The piecemeal land ownership and rental pattern which resulted from the subdivision of the individual burgages as demand for developable land within the burgh increased also served to fossilise boundaries through the repeated phases of development from the medieval period into the modern era. The resulting patchwork of buildings of varying age, height, materials, and uses deteriorated over time into a squalid warren of poorly connected, unsanitary, and badly lit city-blocks. Some of the larger or better-quality stone buildings of earlier eras, including town-houses and residences of the gentry and upper middle classes, survived until the mid- to late 19th century, but were �made-down� or subdivided and converted to lower-status use as their original owners moved to more suitable accommodation outside the overcrowded historic burgh. By the middle of the 19th century, following the acceptance of arguments that such overcrowded and unsanitary conditions exacerbated social problems and provided a breeding ground for diseases, and that piecemeal improvements were ineffectual, an Act of Parliament was promoted to allow for the wholesale clearance of the medieval core of the burgh. Due to the general economic down-turn in the latter part of the century, this process of clearance and regeneration took longer than expected, but was largely complete by 1900.

Before its redevelopment, this close, along with others, was photographed for the Glasgow City Improvement Trust by Thomas Annan, a pioneering Glasgow photographer, and subsequently published by the Trust in several editions of forty photographs in 1878/79 as �Photographs of Old Closes, Streets & etc. taken 1868-1877�. Later work of clearance was also recorded by Annan and published in a new edition with 15 other photographs replacing 5 from the earlier editions. Editions of this revised work were published by Annan�s family business and by James Maclehose & Sons in 1900 as �Old Closes & Streets, a series of photogravures, 1868-1899�. A modern edition combining all 55 photographs was published in 1977 by Dover Publications of New York as �Thomas Annan, Photographs of the Old Closes and Streets of Glasgow 1868/1877, with a supplement of fifteen related views�. This close was photographed by Annan and numbered "Plate 3" in the original and subsequent editions, including the modern Dover Edition. Annan's photograph shows the view looking SE along the causeyed close from the given Grid Reference near the junction with Shuttle Street Site Gazetteer

towards the rear of the building on the High Street frontage. Entered WoSAS (HMcB) 26/02/2019

Further Reading and Sources Annan, T , Thomas Annan, Photographs of the Old Closes and Streets of Glasgow 1868/1877, with a supplement of fifteen related views (Dover Publications, New York)(1977)

Site Number 132 Site Name Glasgow, Shuttle Street Type of Site Town Ditch (possible) Listing No./NRHE Number HER Number WoSAS Pin: 53187 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259701 Northing 665205 Council Glasgow Description 259701, 665205 SW end of excavated portion of ditch from excavation report 259713, 665222 NE end of excavated portion of ditch from excavation report

WoSASPIN 53187 NS 59705 65200 to NS 59730 65220

Excavations on the southern part of the lands associated with the Franciscan Friary at Glasgow (see WoSASPIN 8585 & WoSAS Event 1454) revealed a portion of a large ditch, which ran NE- SW from near the modern junction of Shuttle Street and College Street towards the junction of Ingram Street and Albion Street. An irregular pattern of small stake-holes was identified on the SE side of the ditch alignment. No modern finds were recovered from the fills, and the ditch was sealed under a cultivated soil. It is likely that the ditch lay beyond the western tails of burgage plots fronting the High Street in medieval and early modern times. It is possible that the ditch is related to one found at St James Road (see WoSASPIN 8648) and dates from the mid-17th century, when the burgh records show that short-lived defensive works were hastily erected to deter the return of the Scots Royalist army of the Great Civil War led by the First Marquis of Montrose after they had taken the town and then withdrawn to the north.

If so, this stretch of ditch may have been dug between the south-eastern corner of the former Friary complex and the western end of High Street burgage plots lying along the southern side of Grammar School Wynd. The irregular pattern of stake-holes may be the remains of earth- filled wicker gabions typical of the military works of the period, and which would have formed an internal defensive line or revetted rampart. Entered WoSAS (HMcB) 05/04/2006

A programme of archaeological excavations was carried out in 2003 on land to the south side of George Street between Albion Street and High Street prior to a major redevelopment of the site. The area occupies the site of the former Franciscan friary established in the late 15th century. Following the excavation of the Friary, a series of evaluation trenches were excavated in 2004 in areas to the east and south of the main Friary site to locate the extent of any intact archaeological deposits elsewhere within the development area. Two such areas were located, one on the east side of Shuttle Street, the other to the south. A full excavation was subsequently carried out in these two areas.

Area 4 was located some 40 m to the southwest of the junction of Shuttle Street and College Street. It comprised the western half of an area of archaeological potential identified by Site Gazetteer

WoSAS. During the current construction work it became clear that the eastern half of the area had been truncated by modern features and filled with red blaes. However, there appeared to be intact archaeological deposits along the eastern edge of the area. This was confirmed during the excavation of evaluation Trench 12 where garden soil and cultivation furrows were encountered.

Having removed the modern overburden a sandstone-faced wall was uncovered. It was aligned east to west across the area and comprised two phases of rebuilding and repairs. Only the south side was mortared, indicating that it was a revetment wall built across the natural south- facing slope. To the north of the wall was a 0.4 m deep deposit of dark brown sandy silt, with inclusions of coal, slate, lime mortal and medieval and postmedieval pot sherds. The soil appeared to have been imported, as it did not lie within the natural soil profile. Three test pits were cut through the soil to the north of the wall but no features were exposed within the pits, and the bulk of the soil was removed by machine down to subsoil. During the excavation of evaluation Trench 12 a set of cultivation furrows, 0.3 m to 0.4 m wide, were seen aligned east to west on the north side of the revetment wall. The furrows were not seen during the removal of the soil by machine.

To the south of the wall two sets of cultivation furrows were recorded. These furrows were cut into a garden soil comprising light brown clayey loam. The most extensive set was aligned north to south and covered an area at least 14.5 m wide east to west. The furrows were 0.3 m to 0.6 m wide and were up to 8.5 m long. They all terminated along an east-west line to the south and were truncated by modern cuts to the north.

The second set of furrows south of the wall was aligned northwest to southeast. It comprised at least six furrows at the east side of the area. The furrows were 0.4 m to 0.5 m wide and truncated part of the older north-south furrows. The furrows terminated along a north-south line to the west and continued beyond the limits of the area to the east.

The major feature within Area 4 was a V-shaped ditch, 1.4 m to 2.4 m wide and up to 1 m deep. The ditch was 24 m long and extended across the entire area. Tool marks uncovered in the sides if the ditch suggests that the ditch was excavated using mattocks rather than spades. There was some evidence of weathering on the edges of the cut. The ditch was filled with a light brown silt and appeared to have been rapidly and deliberately backfilled. On both sides of the ditch was a series of stake holes. Although some of these seemed to form irregular lines along the ditch, it was not possible to identify any specific configurations amongst the stake holes. The shape of the stake holes suggested that the stakes were 0.04 m to 0.08 m in diameter and that they had been driven into the subsoil. Some appeared to have been set at an angle towards the ditch. It seems likely that the stakes were contemporary with the ditch.

The cultivation remains uncovered in Area 4 to the south of College Street are likely to be contemporary with the furrows seen during the 2003 excavation to the northeast. These furrows are probably related to the market garden established in 1705 on the site of the former friary. There was evidence both in the areas to the north and south that soil was brought in for the layout of the garden. In the area to the south a revetment wall was built across the natural slope towards the south as part of the garden design. Based on the surviving remains uncovered during the 2003 and 2004 season the garden extended over 105 m along the west side of Shuttle Street.

The large ditch exposed in Area 4 appeared to have been deliberately backfilled shortly after it was excavated. It predated the cultivation furrows from the 1705 garden and is believed to be part of a defensive ditch constructed around Glasgow in 1645 when under threat of royalist forces under The Marquis of Montrose during the Civil War. The stake holes may represent a defensive feature inserted along the ditch. Dalland, M., Headland Archaeology Ltd, 'City Science Centre, Shuttle Street, Glasgow: Archaeological evaluation and excavations 2004 - Areas 1 � 5: Data Structure Report', 2004 Entered WoSAS (MO'H) 18/01/2018 Site Gazetteer

Site Number 133 Site Name New Light Burgher Meeting House Type of Site Religious; Meeting House Listing No./NRHE Number HER Number WoSAS Pin: 68855 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259720 Northing 665232 Council Glasgow Description Though it remains unclear as to when exactly the 'New Light Burgher Meeting House' on North Albion Street was built, it is possible it is the same meeting house as referenced by Chapman (1820) and is therefore the oldest of the three Burgher meeting houses in Glasgow. Added to this is the fact that the Burgher Meeting House on North Albion Street can also be found on the 1778 McArthur map. Build date can therefore be plausibly placed at some time between 1733 and founding of the Associate Presbytery (forerunners of the Burghers) and 1778 and the McArthur map. William Wade provides a detailed account of the design of the Meeting House in his 1823 ('The History of Glasgow, Ancient and Modern...'). Wade describes the portico of the House as 'decidedly the finest, one excepted, in the whole city' containing 'four vast fluted columns of the Tuscan order'. On later maps, such as the 1857 OS map of Glasgow, the Meeting House has disappeared, making way for a westward extension of College Street thereby connecting it with North Albion Street. Entered WoSAS (EG) 23/08/2018

Site Number 134 Site Name Independent Meeting House Type of Site Religious; Meeting House Listing No./NRHE Number HER Number WoSAS Pin: 68859 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259743 Northing 665146 Council Glasgow Description The Independent Meeting House on Greyfriars Wynd was built in 1773 by candlemaker Archibald Peterson. The first elders of the House are named as Robert Ferrier and local merchant David Dale, and the House contained around 500 seats. The 1807 Fleming Map of Glasgow reveals little about the appearance of the building, however by 1836 the site was dilapidated and cramped enough for the Independents to move to premises to Oswald Street. It is plausible from looking at the 1857 OS map of Glasgow that following the move of the Independents the House was demolished, as by 1857 the site was being used as St. Pauls School. The School appears to have occupied a smaller portion of the site than the Meeting House, with a large section take up for what presumably is a playground on the School's south flank. By the mid-to-late 1800s the site was demolished with the easterly extension of Ingram Street. Entered WoSAS (EG) 23/08/2018 Site Gazetteer

Site Number 135 Site Name Archaeological Excavation: Ingram Street / Albion Street Type of Site Archaeological Excavation Listing No./NRHE Number HER Number WoSAS Event ID: 3233; 3238; 3239 Status Event Easting 259690 Northing 665150 Council Glasgow Description Three event records whch have no further information recorded.

Scottish Urban Archaeological Trust

Context: SUAT CODE 13B - No additional information available at this time

Results: SUAT CODE 13B - No additional information available at this time

Notes: SUAT CODE 13B - No additional information available at this time

Site Number 136 Site Name Close, No. 148 High Street Type of Site Close, alley Listing No./NRHE Number HER Number WoSAS Pin: 69076 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259810 Northing 665085 Council Glasgow Description 259810, 665085 NGR of viewpoint of photo inferred from OS Large Scale Town Plan

WoSASPIN 69076

NS 59810 65085 The view looking WNW along Close No. 148 High Street, one of the narrow closes or access passageways between the long rows of buildings which densely occupied the historic burgage plots of medieval Glasgow by the 19th century (see WoSASPIN 12819). The narrow closes were formed on one or other side of the former burgages (usually on the downhill side, presumably to facilitate surface drainage away from the buildings which occupied the remainder of the plot), and were normally reached through a pend under the street frontage building, as can be seen in this photograph. The piecemeal land ownership and rental pattern which resulted from the subdivision of the individual burgages as demand for developable land within the burgh increased also served to fossilise boundaries through repeated phases of development from the medieval period into the modern era. The resulting patchwork of buildings of varying age, height, materials, and uses deteriorated over time into a squalid warren of poorly connected, unsanitary, and badly lit city-blocks. Some of the larger or better-quality stone buildings of earlier eras, including Site Gazetteer

town-houses and residences of the gentry and upper middle classes, survived until the mid- to late 19th century, but were �made-down� or subdivided and converted to lower-status use as their original owners moved to more suitable accommodation outside the overcrowded historic burgh. By the middle of the 19th century, following recognition that such overcrowded and unsanitary conditions exacerbated social problems and provided a breeding ground for diseases, an Act of Parliament was promoted to allow for the wholesale clearance of the medieval core of the burgh. Due to the general economic down-turn in the latter part of the century, this process of clearance and regeneration took longer than expected, but was largely complete by 1900. Before its redevelopment, this close, along with others, was photographed for the Glasgow City Improvement Trust by Thomas Annan, a pioneering Glasgow photographer, and subsequently published by the Trust in several editions of forty photographs in 1878/79 as �Photographs of Old Closes, Streets & etc. taken 1868-1877�. Later work of clearance was also recorded by Annan and published in a new edition with 15 other photographs replacing 5 from the earlier editions. Editions of this revised work were published by Annan�s family business and by James Maclehose & Sons in 1900 as �Old Closes & Streets, a series of photogravures, 1868-1899�. A modern edition combining all 55 photographs was published in 1977 by Dover Publications of New York as �Thomas Annan, Photographs of the Old Closes and Streets of Glasgow 1868/1877, with a supplement of fifteen related views�. This close was photographed by Annan and numbered "Plate 5" in the original and subsequent editions, including the modern Dover Edition. Entered WoSAS (HMcB) 08/01/2019

Further Reading and Sources Annan, T , Thomas Annan, Photographs of the Old Closes and Streets of Glasgow 1868/1877, with a supplement of fifteen related views (Dover Publications, New York)(1977)

Site Number 137 Site Name The University Observatory Type of Site Observatory Listing No./NRHE Number HER Number WoSAS Pin: 53130 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 260181 Northing 664944 Council Glasgow Description 260181, 664944 located from Fleming's 1807 map superimposed on 1st Ed. O.S. map

WoSASPIN 53130

NS 60260 64875 The observatory on the summit of Dowhill within the Old College Gardens was built in 1757 for the University. It was also known as the Macfarlane Observatory, named in honour of Alexander MacFarlane, a Jamaica merchant and former college graduate. Early maps and University records reveal that it was a simple rectangular structure surmounted by a balustrade on the east and west. As a result of the declining usefulness of the site due to atmospheric pollution over the city, a replacement was built in 1841 at Horselthill, in Dowanhill, west of the city (see WoSASPIN 47473). The site of the Macfarlane Observatory is shown as open space on the 1st Edition Ordnance Survey map of the area (c. 1857), implying that it had been demolished and removed from the College Gardens. When the College moved west to Gilmourhill in the 1870s, the subsequent development of the area by the railway companies resulted in the removal of the upper slopes of Dowhill to create a flattened area for Site Gazetteer

marshalling goods trains. The observatory site will have been quarried away at that time. Entered WoSAS (HMcB) 23/02/2006

The Macfarlane Observatory on College Green, built in 1760, was the first purpose-built university observatory in Britain, and lasted until 1845. As argued by Roger Hutchins (2008), the idea for a university observatory originated from Robert Dick, Professor of Natural Philosophy, in 1753. Dick was then given a boost in 1755 when astronomical instruments belonging to the recently-deceased merchant Alexander Macfarlane were shipped to Glasgow from Jamaica. As a result, in 1757 the University Senate purchased the site for �500 and devoted a further �400 for the building of an observatory. Although unclear, the University of Glasgow website places the designer as probably have been Allan Dreghorn. Hutchins (2008) details how the Observatory played host to Professor Alexander Wilson betwen 1760 and 1783, and who in 1769 observed 'the Venus transit, Jovian satellites, star occulations, and discovered the relative displacement of the umbra of sunspots, known as the Wilson Effect'. By 1800, much like the nearby University (WOSASPIN: 8588), the growing pollution and overcrowding of the local area was beginning to take its toll. Consequently, in 1841, the University purchased a replacement observatory on Horselethill Road in the West End. The original site later became the College Goods Yard. Entered WoSAS (EG) 23/08/2018

Site Number 138 Site Name Desk Based Assessment: College Goods Yard, High Street, Glasgow Type of Site Desk Based Assessment Listing No./NRHE Number HER Number WoSAS Event ID: 3493 Status Event Easting 259984 Northing 664982 Council Glasgow Description Context: A DBA was undertaken to establish the archaeological potential of the site and to recommend a mitigation strategy in advance of proposed development

Results: The DBA identified that the area had a continuous history of occupation from at least the 13th century onwards and that despite intensive development from the 19th century onwards, the potential remained for informative archaeological deposits to survive

Duffy, P. , GUARD, College Goods Yard, High Street, Glasgow: Desk Based Archaeological Assessment(2006)

Site Number 139 Site Name Close, No. 115 High Street Type of Site Close, alley Listing No./NRHE Number HER Number WoSAS Pin: 69078 Status Non-designated heritage asset Site Gazetteer

Easting 259760 Northing 665095 Council Glasgow Description 259760, 665095 NGR of viewpoint of photo inferred from OS Large Scale Town Plan

WoSASPIN 69078

NS 59760 65095 The view looking WNW along Close No. 115 High Street, one of the narrow closes or access passageways between the long rows of buildings which densely occupied the historic burgage plots of medieval Glasgow by the 19th century (see WoSASPIN 12819). The narrow closes were formed on one or other side of the former burgages (usually on the downhill side, presumably to facilitate surface drainage away from the buildings which occupied the remainder of the plot), and were normally reached through a pend under the street frontage building, as in this case, where the photographer stood at the rear of the pend to take this photograph looking away from High Street. The piecemeal land ownership and rental pattern which resulted from the subdivision of the individual burgages as demand for developable land within the burgh increased also served to fossilise boundaries through repeated phases of development from the medieval period into the modern era. The resulting patchwork of buildings of varying age, height, materials, and uses deteriorated over time into a squalid warren of poorly connected, unsanitary, and badly lit city-blocks. Some of the larger or better-quality stone buildings of earlier eras, including town-houses and residences of the gentry and upper middle classes, survived until the mid- to late 19th century, but were �made-down� or subdivided and converted to lower-status use as their original owners moved to more suitable accommodation outside the overcrowded historic burgh. By the middle of the 19th century, following recognition that such overcrowded and unsanitary conditions exacerbated social problems and provided a breeding ground for diseases, an Act of Parliament was promoted to allow for the wholesale clearance of the medieval core of the burgh. Due to the general economic down-turn in the latter part of the century, this process of clearance and regeneration took longer than expected, but was largely complete by 1900. Before its redevelopment, this close, along with others, was photographed for the Glasgow City Improvement Trust by Thomas Annan, a pioneering Glasgow photographer, and subsequently published by the Trust in several editions of forty photographs in 1878/79 as �Photographs of Old Closes, Streets & etc. taken 1868-1877�. Later work of clearance was also recorded by Annan and published in a new edition with 15 other photographs replacing 5 from the earlier editions. Editions of this revised work were published by Annan�s family business and by James Maclehose & Sons in 1900 as �Old Closes & Streets, a series of photogravures, 1868-1899�. A modern edition combining all 55 photographs was published in 1977 by Dover Publications of New York as �Thomas Annan, Photographs of the Old Closes and Streets of Glasgow 1868/1877, with a supplement of fifteen related views�. This close was photographed by Annan and numbered "Plate 7" in the original and subsequent editions, including the modern Dover Edition. Entered WoSAS (HMcB) 08/01/2019

Further Reading and Sources Annan, T , Thomas Annan, Photographs of the Old Closes and Streets of Glasgow 1868/1877, with a supplement of fifteen related views (Dover Publications, New York)(1977)

Site Number 140 Site Name Stirling's House Type of Site House Listing No./NRHE Number Site Gazetteer

HER Number WoSAS Pin: 69121 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259665 Northing 665115 Council Glasgow Description 259665, 665115 NGR derived from geo-referenced McArthur Plan of 1778

WoSASPIN 69121

NS 59665 65115 William Stirling (1717-1777) was among the founders of the mercantile success of Glasgow. Stirling formed a partnership which erected a cotton printing work on the banks of the Kelvin at Dalsholm (modern Dawsholm) around 1750, and from around 1771, a larger site at Cordale on the River Leven. The company had begun by buying Indian cotton cloth and having it printed in London for the Glasgow market. An advertisement in the �Glasgow Journal� of 10th May 1756 read "At the warehouse of Mr. Stirling, above the Cross, there is to be exposed to sale for a few days, A neat Parcel of printed Cottons, of the newest patterns, lately imported from London, at and below first cost." The "Warehouse above the Cross" is recorded as having been on the west side of High Street, nearly opposite the Blackfriars Church. A dwelling house adjoined. The firm owned nearly an acre of ground back from this, with another entry from Grammar School Wynd. A �Stirlin�s Close� is shown on John McArthur�s 1778 �Plan of the City of Glasgow: Gorbells and Caltoun� on the W side of High Street, nearly opposite Blackfriars Wynd. Behind the narrow close passage through the street frontage building, McArthur shows the usual buildings on either side of the close for 55m � 75m from High street, but beyond this there is a wider space between properties to N and S, and a large, almost square building with a curving double forestair on its E side, and an adjoining ancillary structure to the S. On plan, this appears similar to a late 17th or early 18th C mansion. On the N side of this house McArthur shows a quadrilateral open enclosure and to the W of both enclosure and large house, a narrow irregular N-S oriented open area leading to an opening onto Canon Lane, not far from its junction with Grammar School Wynd. William was the son of the famed "honest and kind Provost John" Stirling, who was provost of Glasgow in 1728 and died in 1736. Given the importance of the family and the correlation between the documentary and cartographic evidence referred to above, it is likely that the mansion at the head of Stirlin�s Close was the family home of both generations, if not from earlier times. Neither the house nor the warehouse referred to in documents is annotated as such on McArthur's plan, but the later map evidence suggests that although modified and extended to the S to meet the new street's frontage line, the long buildings McArthur shows on the N side of Stirlin's Close at approximately NS 59704 65107 survived into the later 19th C, suggesting a degree of structural solidity that might indicate that they had been the 18th C warehousing. Entered WoSAS (HMcB) 25/01/2019

Site Number 141 Site Name Close, No. 101 High Street Type of Site Close, alley Listing No./NRHE Number HER Number WoSAS Pin: 69079 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259712 Site Gazetteer

Northing 665060 Council Glasgow Description WoSASPIN 69079

NS 59712 65060 The view looking ESE along Close No. 101 High Street, one of the narrow closes or access passageways between the long rows of buildings which densely occupied the historic burgage plots of medieval Glasgow by the 19th century (see WoSASPIN 12819). The narrow closes were formed on one or other side of the former burgages (usually on the downhill side, presumably to facilitate surface drainage away from the buildings which occupied the remainder of the plot), and were normally reached through a pend under the street frontage building, as can be seen in this photograph. The piecemeal land ownership and rental pattern which resulted from the subdivision of the individual burgages as demand for developable land within the burgh increased also served to fossilise boundaries through repeated phases of development from the medieval period into the modern era. The resulting patchwork of buildings of varying age, height, materials, and uses deteriorated over time into a squalid warren of poorly connected, unsanitary, and badly lit city-blocks. Some of the larger or better-quality stone buildings of earlier eras, including town-houses and residences of the gentry and upper middle classes, survived until the mid- to late 19th century, but were �made-down� or subdivided and converted to lower-status use as their original owners moved to more suitable accommodation outside the overcrowded historic burgh. By the middle of the 19th century, following recognition that such overcrowded and unsanitary conditions exacerbated social problems and provided a breeding ground for diseases, an Act of Parliament was promoted to allow for the wholesale clearance of the medieval core of the burgh. Due to the general economic down-turn in the latter part of the century, this process of clearance and regeneration took longer than expected, but was largely complete by 1900. Before its redevelopment, this close, along with others, was photographed for the Glasgow City Improvement Trust by Thomas Annan, a pioneering Glasgow photographer, and subsequently published by the Trust in several editions of forty photographs in 1878/79 as �Photographs of Old Closes, Streets & etc. taken 1868-1877�. Later work of clearance was also recorded by Annan and published in a new edition with 15 other photographs replacing 5 from the earlier editions. Editions of this revised work were published by Annan�s family business and by James Maclehose & Sons in 1900 as �Old Closes & Streets, a series of photogravures, 1868-1899�. A modern edition combining all 55 photographs was published in 1977 by Dover Publications of New York as �Thomas Annan, Photographs of the Old Closes and Streets of Glasgow 1868/1877, with a supplement of fifteen related views�. This close was photographed by Annan and numbered "Plate 8" in the original and subsequent editions, including the modern Dover Edition. Entered WoSAS (HMcB) 08/01/2019

Further Reading and Sources Annan, T , Thomas Annan, Photographs of the Old Closes and Streets of Glasgow 1868/1877, with a supplement of fifteen related views (Dover Publications, New York)(1977)

Site Number 142 Site Name Archaeological Evaluation: 272-274 Bell Street, Glasgow Type of Site Archaeological Evaluation Listing No./NRHE Number HER Number WoSAS Event ID: 3491 Status Event Easting 260030 Site Gazetteer

Northing 664851 Council Glasgow Description Context: An evaluation and watching brief was undertaken in advance of the residential redevelopment, due to the proximity of the site to an Early Christian site and the remains of late- and post-medieval industrial activity

Results: Minor elements of the 19th century Saracen Tool Works were recorded, comprising brick floors, concrete and brick piers and cast iron and ceramic pipes. No evidence of earlier occupation of the site were observed

Hunter Blair, A. , AOC Archaeolgy Group, 272-274 Bell Street, Glasgow: Evaluation Data Structure Report(2004)

Site Number 143 Site Name DBA and SBS of 272-274 Bell Street Glasgow. Historic Building Report. Type of Site Desk Based Assessment Listing No./NRHE Number HER Number WoSAS Event ID: 1483 Status Event Easting 260029 Northing 664887 Council Glasgow Description Context: Historic building recording took place prior to demolition of the site in advance of new housing. The record consisted of a level 2 survey, photography and written descriptions with internal sections and floor plans.

Results: A watching brief and trial trenching are required after demolition of the building.

Notes: DBA was carried out by Engl, R. & Thompson, L.

A programme of historic building recording was required as a condition of planning consent prior to the demolition of a former industrial building located at 272-274 Bell Street, Glasgow. These works were undertaken by AOC Archaeology Group for Gholami Baines Ltd between 12th-14th April 2004. The brick building was constructed in the late 19th century as the Saracen Tool works, a four storey L-shaped building with basements and a later loading bay addition on the ground floor to the south. The area to the south, now an open yard, was once occupied by buildings, the outer walls of which remain as boundary walls along Bell Street and East Campbell Street. Text from AOC Archaeology Ltd OASIS record

Sproat, D. , AOC Archaeology Group, Data Structure Report: 272-274 Bell Street Glasgow. Historic Building Report.(2004)

Thompson, L. & Engle, R , AOC Archaeology Group, A cultural heritage desk-based assessment of two sites proposed for development at 272-274 Bell Street, Glasgow(2004)

Site Number 144 Site Gazetteer

Site Name Relief Meeting House Type of Site Religious; Industrial; School Listing No./NRHE Number HER Number WoSAS Pin: 68849 Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259984 Northing 664862 Council Glasgow Description Built in 1775, the Dovehill Relief Meeting House was the first of its kind in Glasgow. As such, situated on Dovehill Street, the Church/Meeting House, appears on both the 1778 McArthur map and the 1807 Fleming map. Incidentally, between the two maps there appears to be little change to the structure apart from the appearance of two small rectangular extensions at the north and south sides of the building during this period. In 1844, the Meeting House moved across the city to 21 Cathedral Street (NUMLINK: 143461). As a result, as shown on the 1857 OS map of Glasgow, the site came to be occupied by a storehouse until the late 1800s when another OS map produced in 1892 shows it to have been replaced by Dovehill School. Entered WoSAS (EG) 23/08/2018

Site Number 145 Site Name College Church Type of Site Church Listing No./NRHE Number HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259821 Northing 665068 Council Glasgow Description *12/01/2020 *LB *Building depiction on historic map. The outline is consistant with historic cartogrpahic depictions of churches/chapels *Post-medieval *College Church *Ross, C. 1773. A map of the shire of Lanark. & Fleming , P. 1820. Map of the City of Glasgow and Suburbs. Reduced from the same in six sheets from actual survey / by P. Fleming.- Annotations F= Antiburgher Meeting House, Duke Street and D= Gaelic Chapel Duke Street *locatipon given based on geo-referenced Ross and Fleming maps *Church demolished *A church, originally built for a Dominican Friary (Site 25) which was rebuilt following a fire. Following the purchase of land by Glasgow Univeristy and the secularisation of the Friary the Church was known as College Church until it was demolished for the railway *Historic mapping- From Ross, C. 1773. A map of the shire of Lanark. Site Gazetteer

Site Number 146 Site Name 1460 Tenement; Hamilton's Tenement Type of Site Building Listing No./NRHE Number HER Number Status Non-designated heritage asset Easting 259933 Northing 665178 Council Glasgow Description *12/01/2021 *LB *Documentary record *Medieval *Tenement building gifted to the Univeristy of Glasgow *GUARD. 2008. College Goods Yard, Glasgow- Archaeological Evaluation Data Structure Report. Available at: https://doi.org/10.5284/1006323 (Accessed 12/01/2021) citing Renwick, R 1921 History of Glasgow, volume I, Pre-Reformation Period, Maclehose, Jackson, & Co., Glasgow. Also noted by The University of Glasgow (2021). Sir James Hamilton 1st Baron Hamilton Avaiable at: https://universitystory.gla.ac.uk/biography/?id=WH0003&type=P (Accessed 12/01/2021) *Point recorded to the north of the Friary centre point in the vicnity of buildings on a 1773 map. Approximate location only *N/A *No current evidence- documentary only *Historic records note that Hamilton gifted land to the University of Glasgow, to the east of High Street and to the north of the Dominican Friary (Site 25). The chapel or church of the Domincan Friary was rebuilt- presumably in a similar position to its predecessor and is recorded on historic maps to the south of the Site. Hamilton also gifted lands associated with Dovehill/Downhill later centred on the easternside of the Molendinar Burn to the east of the Site. The location assumed for the tenement would have been the north of orchards associated with the Friary and therefore outwith the friary lands which had also been given to the University of Glasgow. *Documentary evidence- GUARD. 2008. College Goods Yard, Glasgow- Archaeological Evaluation Data Structure Report. Available at: https://doi.org/10.5284/1006323 (Accessed 12/01/2021) citing Renwick, R 1921 History of Glasgow, volume I, Pre-Reformation Period, Maclehose, Jackson, & Co., Glasgow. Also noted by The University of Glasgow (2021). Sir James Hamilton 1st Baron Hamilton Avaiable at: https://universitystory.gla.ac.uk/biography/?id=WH0003&type=P (Accessed 12/01/2021)

ALSO *LB *14/01/2021 *North-eastern area of buildings annotated as "Porfessors Houses" *Historic OS map *Post-medieval *Porfessors Houses- accomodation for the Universiy of Glasgow *Ordnance Survey. 1857. Glasgow Town Plan *Point recorded in north-eastern extent which crosses into Site *N/A *Professors Houses annotated on a historic map. These were likely located within the sout- western Site boundary from at least 1807 *Fleming, P. 1807. Map of the City of Glasgow and suburbs. ; Ordnance Survey. 1857. Glasgow Town Plan Site Gazetteer

Site Number 147 Site Name Glasgow, 208 High Street, High Street Goods Station; Archaeological Monitoring: Block 1A, Colle Type of Site Event Listing No./NRHE Number NS56NE 245 HER Number WoSAS Event ID: 720 Status Event Easting 259908 Northing 665201 Council Glasgow Description NS56NE 245 5994 6526