No. 93 of the CAMDEN HISTORY SOCIETY Jan1986

The Purpose and Nature of John Lewis- a History of a Domesday Book Shopkeeper Wednesday, January 15th, 7.30pn Tuesday, February 25th, 7pm Audio-Visual Roan, The Library, Central Library, Westfield College, Kidder:pore Theobalds Road, W. C.1 Avenue, N.w. 3. The John Lewis stores are so familiar to us Few members will need to be reminded that it is difficult to imagine the beginn- that 1986 is the 9coth anniversary of ings - one small draper's shop in Oxford St. the carrpletion of Danesday Book, an Lewis was eccentric and close with his money event being celebrated in various ways, there are many good stories about him. such as exhibitions and publications. The links with Camden are the fonner John We have invited one of our Vice-Presi- Barnes store and also his old house in dents, Professor Henry Loyn, -who is Branch Hill, Spedan Tower. Our speaker is Professor of History at Westfield Linda Poole, the archivist for the Partner- College, to sr:eak on this and we are ship. confident that his lecture will be both entertaining and erudite. Di rectory Delights Industrial Archaeology Group When you buy your and Directory for 1885/6 (on sale soon from akes Progress the CHS bookstall at meetings, or at book- A Group has been re-formed to study shops and Camden libraries) , you may be transport and industrial archaeology in bewildered by the amount and diversity Camden - it will have close link.s with of information being offered you - so the Greater London Industrial Archaeology he:::-e are a few notes about this fascinat- Society. It has decided to concentrate ing publication. its efforts initially on sane sites in Not surprisingly, the first section is Kentish Tovvn which is a particularly rich devoted to a CLASSIFIED LIST OF TRADESMEN, area for railway lands and old factories. without -whose advertisements the cost of The aim is to prepare a series of reports publication would have been prohibitive. which will appear in this Newsletter or In fact, a more canprehensive list of else, if too long and suitable, in the trades canes later (page 263), where you Review. Members who vJOuld like to join will find such forgotten enterprises as the group should contact its co-ordinator bath-chair hi~e and Galvano-Electric David Thomas at 36 Peannan Street, SEl 7RB Baths. Subsequent sections offer a MEDI- CAL DIRECTORY, with about 150 doctors to HORNSEY SOCIETY ACTIVITIES choose frcxn, and a list of LONDON CLUBS, The Homsey Historical Society has of which you will note two are exclusively just issued its programne of events for 'Yacht ovvners and Gents of Position'. for 1986. Meetings are held at Under CHURCHES, CHAPELS, INSTITUTIONS, EI'C Homsey Library, Haringey Park, N. 8 come also Mission Rcx::ms, the Salvation at 8pm. Talks include one on Ancy Barracks in the Vale of Health, Homsey Rise on Feb 12, Panorama Board Schools and British Schools (e.g. Rotundas in London on Mar 12, and at the Baptist Chapel in Heath Street), People and Politics in Clerkenwell on the Public Library in Stanfield House, the Jun 11. Volunteer Corps and other vanished organ- isations. After the STREETS DIRECTORY, which is A few pages later, when the author is explained on the jacket of our new discussing tunnel construction, we read publication, you will find the ABC of that when the original Highgate Archway inhabitants. These are divided into tunnel collapsed in 1812 several workmen PRIVATE INHABITANTS, previously called the were killed. This is not true - the Court Directory, and TRADESMEN AND OI'HERS. tunnel collapsed very early one morning Note that, in the former, anyone of rank ~fore workmen had arrived. pres;:edes others of the same surname: thus Rev. Sydney Boyd tops the list of Boyds. These sort of mistakes are a pity be- Married ladies on their own appear, cause the publication is interesting, mostly without initials, under M for Mrs. well presented and full of good infor- By the end of the century, the list of mation about an area of London which Tradesmen was renamed the Crnmercial Dir- has scarcely seen any good times. To ectory and, inexplicably, all artists it came occupations regarded,even then, were relegated to it frcm the Private as socially unacceptable such as tanning sector. (In the 1932 edition, Henry and glue-making. Part of the area was Moore is classified Ccxrmercial.) then known laconically as 'Belle Isle' and here, apart fran the unsavoury The following lists of PUBLIC OFFICERS industries, refuse was dumped in in- give a vivid picture of how we were ad- creasing amounts . The opening of the ministered a hundred years ago. The Regent's Canal through the area in 1820 Hampstead Vestry (Town Council), which did not improve such matters and soon met in the newly opened Vestry Hall in afterwards the notorious Agar Town, Hill, includes many familiar a shanty town of short-life shacks, was narnes of local builders, leading grocers erected- to the dismay of everyone. The and other ".respectable tradesmen - and railways later obliterated Agar Town Henry Harben, later Sir Henry, chair- but they brought instead their own man of the Prudential and first mayor slums and, of course, incredible noise, of Harrq:,stead. Environmental problems dirt and smoke. In the middle of it are handled by an Inspector·of Nuisances all - the gasworks. and, for refuse collection, a Superin- tendent of Dusting. The Workhouse in Carparatively recently the area has New End (now the hospital), is super- received some kind of face-lift. St vised by the Guardians of the Poor. Pancras old church and its attendant burial grounds (oddly enough, for all All this, and the ADVERI'ISEMENTS too, their importance locally, not mentioned ~ill amaze and amuse you while telling at all), are a pleasant enough oasis; the you all about grandmother's Hampstead ca:ial, the main subject of the book, is and Highgate. available for a pleasant walk; Carnley Street Christopher Wade is less beat-up (although still with pockets of appalling litter) and the nature park is open. Also houses and The Kings Cross Cut small factories are moving back with the help of Camden Council and private bus- The Kings Cross cut: A city canal iness. If only British Rail could be and its camrunity. By Bob Gilbert, persuaded to take their responsibilities price £2. 50. Available fran sane seriously and do away with the urban bookshops and the Thornhill Neighbour- squalor that passes for railwcl¥ yards in hrol Centre. the area and, dare I say it, if only the ·:his publication begins with an enor- gasworks would go away, industrially r:--cus inaccuracy: 'In 1820 the only attractive as they might be, then the settlenents in an otherwise agricul- area could obtain sane well-deserved tural area had been the little villages improvarent. of Battlebridge, where Kings Cross now Mr Gilbert reveals lots of interesting stands, and of St Pancras, further to detail. Coincidentally, bearing in the west' • Just a cursory glance at mind the illustration in this Newsletter, a St Pancras .rnap of twenty years earlier he mentions the ice wells by the canal will note the Smallpox Hospital on the used by Carlo Gatti, an Italian-SWiss site of Kings Cross station and the immigrarit who set up his ice-cream parlour tightly packed tenements stretching in London. He collected ice frcm springs up Pancras Road to the church. To the and ponds in winter and stored it in west, to v-7hat the author calls St this area in wells si::xty feet deep for Pancras, there were very large numbers use in the summer months • of houses indeed including, of course, Sauers Town. The Kings Cross cut is worth buying and worth reading. John Richardson ually dis:riersed; and after waiting sane Excerpts from Stray Leaves time to see if there would be a renewal Deirdre I.e Faye has a knack of finding of their visits we also were disbanded. books long out-of-print and forgotten The following evening I had a further which are fascinating for their detail experience of rouqh life in London, whic.."1--i of London or Camden. She has sent us I here give, as I subsequently wrote it an extract frcm a volume entitled out in full. 'Stray I.eaves on Travel, Sport, Animals and Kindred Subjects' by James Conway Having been busy all day, about 7pn I Walter, published in 1910. A section decided to call upon a friend, and pro- called Further Experiences in London bably, if I found him at hane, to sup is particularly interesting and the with him. He resided in the neighbour- first instalment appears below: hood of Euston Station and my shortest way to get there lay through the 'Seven The year 1887 was marked by consider- Dials ' district, not the most reputable able unrest among the masses. Perhaps, part of London. The sights, sounds, after the Chartist riots of the first and odours, which I here encountered, half of the nineteenth century, there were not agreeable. The prevailing lan- was no more unsettled period. Among guage consisted largely of oaths, or other acts of violence was the puli- words of the coarsest description. As ing down, by a turbulent mob, of the to the sights: here lay a woman across iron railings of Hyde Park. In Novem- her ONn doorstep in a helpless state ber of that year I happened to be in of intoxication; there were children town, and on Saturday, the 19th of playing in the gutter, unshod, unkempt, that month, seeing an intimation in and ignorant, probably, of all instruction a newspaper that a repetition of scme- save in villainy. Then if the sights thing of the same kind might be expected were revolting, the odours were worse. next day, Sunday, the day specially convenient for idle 'loafers,' and One felt a burning sense of shame that '.1Jeing always ready to add to my exper- such scenes could be witnessed in near iences, I spoke to a policeman, and frcm proximity to wealth and refinement, but him I learnt that special constables I pressed on. I was traversing a passage, were to be enrolled for that day. By whiC:h contracted still more, and became, his instructions I went to a station if possible, more slum-like, when it and offered my services. I was at once terminated abruptly, and I had to turn enrolled to be on duty in Trafalgar off to the right. Here I was confronted Square, as a member No 12 of C Division, by a policeman, who barred my way and fran 8am for the day or as long as I forbade further advance. On my expostu- should be required. Accordingly on the lating his only reply was, 'There are morning of Sunday, November 20, after plenty of them up there without you, ' an early breakfast at the Charing Cross and as he said this, sane fifty yards Hotel, and having put sandwiches in my ahead, I. saw a crowd jostling, thrusting, pocket, I repaired to Trafalgar Square. reeling and heaving in tumultuous con- I had been supplied with a stout ashen fusion. Their voices were a very babel truncheon, and a broad badge of blue of loud and angry utterances, accanpanied and white coarse ribbon to wear on mv by the sound of blows, both o:f; fist and ann. I found a large force of simil~ staff. The police were making a raid on volunteers already gathered together, sane haunt of vice, while the occupants and by the merest accident I was placed were struggling in resistance. In a under the carrrnand of an officer who few rnanents, however, law apparently pre- hailed fran my avm county, and with whan, vailed. Sc.me of the ringleaders had been as also with other members of his family, taken, and among the rest t..here was a I was already acquainted. I took up my general stampede. The policeman advised r::,osition, with my face eastward, under me to beat a retreat, but I preferred the eye of my crnmanding officer, and waiting to see the course of events. here we stood fran 8am till 8pn with the The crowd came tearing along in wild exception of a relief of five minutes excitement, wanen unsexed, and men twice or thrice in the day. The mob came embruted, forcing their headlong way and looked at us, and walked round us, regardless of each other. '11le policeman but our numbers, and our serried ranks, withdrew himself within the shelter of evidently overawed them, and though they a doorway to avoid ·che rush, fran which repeated this more than once, they never he ·could scarcely have escaped without dared to attack us. 'Discretion' was violent treatment. with them evidently 'the better part of I stood up close against a wall, hoping valour. ' and in the evening they qrad- that, as being a party unconcerned, they would pass me by. But a sudden reel in the cr0,vd brought a coarse wanan full An old Italian Swiss Restaurant against me, and as I could not strike out Reproduced on this page is an illust- in self-defence I was rolled round, but ration fran. a book of old photographs managed without difficulty to prese:r:ve which illustrated the life of inhabi- my balance, and found myself hurried tants of the Ticino canton in SWitzer- helplessly along with the seething land - an Italian swiss part of the mass. Once or twice, I tried to check .country. Peter Barber point~ out the my course by mounting a step, and laying picture below as fea-uring an inmigrant hold of a door handle, but the tide was family in London who had oi;:iened a rest- too strong, and in spite of such efforts, aurant in Tottenham Court Road and who it bore me along with it. Once I succ- were, judging by the sign, previously eeded in getting within an open doorway, with the well-known restauranteur, but three or four vicious occupants of Carlo Gatti. We do not have a date the interior immediately shouted, 'We for the picture - research needed please have m roan for you master, 1 and by :main by whoever may be interested! force thrust me out into the swirling crowd again.

( Don't miss the next breathless instal- ment in the Newsletter!) No. 94 of the CAMDEN HISTORY SOCIETY Mar 1986

Walking the Streets of The North London Line - Eighteenth-Century London our April talk Wednesday, Mar 5th, 7. 30pm 15th April, 7pm Library, NW3 Hal.born Central Library This talk by Penelope Corfield of Bedford Theobalds Road, W.C.l College is, in a sense, 200 years late, The North IDndon Railway began life in 1851 for it is an illustrated guide- for 'strangers' visiting IDndon for the first with the unwieldy name of the East and West time in the 18th century. OUr speaker will India Docks and Birmingham Junction Rail- be explaining why London was like it was way. Ho.vever, the title sum:red up the rather than giving a topographical tour. ambitions of the prorroters - to link the It sounds like a fascinating evening. industrial heartland of Birmingham, via what became the IDndon North Western, to RENEWAL OF SUBSCRIPTIONS two large London docks. What the prop- rietors hadn't anticipated was the line's Thankyou for the very good response so popularity with cOITm.1ters who 'were able to far to our M:mlbership Renewal notice. We get dovm to the City regions very quickly. would like to remind those of you who Encouraged by this the CMners built a have not yet paid (and do not have a spur line fran Dalston dCMn to their new standing order with your bank) that sub- Broad Street station. These 'were the scriptions are due on 1st March. A ren- early, successful, days of the North Lon- ewal form was enclosed with the January don although it was to see :rrany ups and Newsletter, but here is a reminder of the days subsequently. rates: OUr speaker is R. Michael Robbins, one Ordinary: £5.00 of our vice-Presidents, and one of the Joint: £5.50 (two people at same address) acknowledged experts on London's trans- Senior Citizen and full time student: port history. A talk not to be missed. £4.00 Cheques payable to the CAMDEN HISIDRY ADVANCE NOTICE SOCIETY should be sent to Miss Helen Please put the following talk in your Iefroy, Treasurer, Cam:ien History Soc- diary: iety, SWiss Cottage Library, Avenue Rd, N'i.i73 3HA. May 14th, 7.30pm, Hampstead Parish Church: ~dieval Harnpstead by David Sullivan +IAMPSTEAD CCMPEI'ITIONS There are three attractive conpetitions associated with the Harnpstead Millennium TIEGENT'S CANAL WALKS celebrations. One is to write a Millennial Sonnet, the The Inland Wate:rwavs Association are second is to write a Heathm:m's Diary as orqanisinq several walks alonq the Reqent's it might have appeared in the Hampstead Canal this vear. The rreeting place is and Highgate Express in the year of your underground station at 2. 30pm choice, say 1066 for example, and the in. each case. On 2 Mar and 4 May the walk third is for artists. is past the Zoo to Paddington, and on 6 April and 1 June the walk is to Islington Ieti:ails may be obtained from the High past St Pancras station. Each walk lasts Hill Bookshop, 6/7 Harnpstead High Street, about 2 hours and costs £1.50 which goes NW3 or from Burgh House, N'ew End Square, to IWA funds. Nli73. There is a charqe for each entry form of SOp which goes to charity. The deadline for return of entries has been extended to 31st March. Industrial Archaeology Group steam pcwer drove the mixing machines via The group is continuing its documentary overhead shafting. There was a kiln to fire research - future working sessions are at the oorcelain teeth. Dental equipment was , Local History Room on also·- made here. At the rear was a yard, 17th March and 14th April beginning at stables and storehouse and the manager lived 5. 30pm until 7. 45pm. There will be other in a house adjacent to the factory. In the m2etings of the group - for details of early 1880s the finn had branches in Man- these please contact the group's co-ordin- chester, Liverpool, Paris, Berlin, Vienna , ator, David Thomas, at 3 6 Pearman Street, Hamburg, Copenhagen, St Petersburg and New SEl 7RB. The aim is to interpret and do York, although some branches consisted of notes or articles on industrial or trans- agents in short-tenn leases. port buildings, linking research with on- site evidence. A prospectus issued in 1905, which oreceoPd the se·cting up of Claudius Ash & Sons Ltd The first subject of such an article is with a share capital of £1 million, says CLAUDIUS ASH, manufacturer of mineral that the fimt became two separate companies teeth, Anglers Lane, , N.W.5. in 1899; although retaining a close relation- ship with family members on both boards, On one side of the narrow, short, Anglers and one finn selling the whole of its output Lane is a modest three-storey factory. Any- to the other. Each firm showed a profit of one taking a second glance will notice that over £30,CXD annually 1901-04. They became the brick frontage has a pleasant sym- one organisation a-Jain in 1905. m2trical design, albeit spoilt by later additions. This was the business end of Meanwhile som2 changes were occuring at an international organisation. Anglers Lane; the rateable value of the factorv, havino rema.ined at a similar level The Anglers Lane factory was built on a for many years, rose from £425 to £613 in 'green-field' site in 1864 as workshops for 1904 which indicates an enlargement. Within the expanding family finn founded in 1825 a few years the manager's house had been By Claudius Ash. This gentleman began his demolished and the site, plus that of smaller carrer as a silversmith at 64 St James's houses adjacent, covered by an extension to St; by 1825 he was at 9 Broad Street the factory. This is easily identified on (now Broadwick Street), W. l. the right of the picture. The manager did Apparently Mr Ash was asked to make false not do too badly - he moved to 2 Parkhill teeth in gold and silver. AT that time the Road. More workshops were taken over at only alternative supply of false teeth was 58 Highgate Road in 1915 and the list of fran corpses, these 'Waterloo Teeth' being branch addresses included 24 major cities attached to rudim2ntary denture plates. Mr Such as Constantinople and Cairo. Ash explored the possibility of making dur- In ]924 the finn joined with a competitor, able, acceptable, teeth from other materi- de Trey and Co., itself having branches als. This becarre his main activity, and abroad and a factory in Walton-on-Thames from 1840 directories cease to refer to' making dental equip:rent, chairs etc. The working of gold etc, and instead show him new finn became the Amalgamated Dental Co. as a manufacturer of mineral teeth, still From this date the history is less clear. The at Broad Street; by 1864 Nos 7 and 8 were names of Ash and de Trey with those of other also used. fonner subsidiaries, continued to be used A contemporary account reads ' ... a per- under what is shown in 1967 as the holding fect mineral corrposition. After calcin- company of A.D. International Ltd. The Lon- ation the minerals were crushed into don offices remained at 26-40 Broadwick St small pieces, ground d:r:y and finally pes- until at least 1977, but there is now no tled in a mortar under water until they trace in the London telephone book. No. 58 were absolutely gritless, like the fin- Highgate Road was vacated in about 1956, and est white creami this was then dried and Anglers Lane in 1965; both premises are stored in sealed jars until required.' in alternative use, although the buildings This powder would then be mixed by a at the rear of Anglers Lane have been demol-- bonding agent, rroulded to tooth shape and ished. It is believed that part or all of fired in a kiln.- the work undertaken at Walton-on--Thames was mwed elsewhere in England during lQ,77:-78. Mr Ash's sons joined the finn, which branched into manufacture of dental mat- Any member who can fill in the later history erials. By the 1860s vulcanised rubber of the firm, or describe the work, is asked (later vulcanite) was available and to contact David Thomas. This article is false teeth could be set into it. The Anglers Lane factory was built at this tim2 to house workshops, the large win- dows allowing plenty of light. Pate books mention an 'enn,-ine' , so presurnably The Analers Lane factory of Claudius Ash. the result of research by Hugh Jv1'.arks, Mal- Directory Delights colm Osmundson (GLIAS), Ann Winser and David Thomas. Further photographs and research The reprinted Hampstead and Highgate data are to be deposited in the Local History Directory for 1885/6 has aroused much Collection at Swiss Cottage. The Heal Coll- interest. And no wonder, for it is full ection there has a copy of the 1905 prospec- of fascinating stuff. Note hav local tus and a sketch of the factory drawn in streets have changed character over the 1871 (AVlO) . 'last century - all those bootmakers in Back Lane, nursery gardens in Haverstock Hill and Highgate West Hill, a Field Lane MILLENNIUM EVENTS Industrial School in Church Row and tea The celebrations for the Hampstead ~ardens and sweeps in the Vale of Health. Millennium are now in full swing and you The inpact of Highgate Cerretery can be are invited to pick up a brochure from seen in the number of rrom:imental masons libraries and bookshops. However, in case in the area. one eludes you, events of historical bent The names of note6. artists r:er?er the pages: in March and April are as follows: Kate Greenaway, George Du Maurier, Henry Mar 8 to Apr 2 7: an Exhibition at Burgh Holiday, Gilbert Scott jnr, Bannister House called 'Writers and Hampstead' .. Fletcher, Gerard Manley Hopkins and A.A. Their observations on the People and the Milne. Place · £ran DJrresday to Drabble. I:Bvised Among the tradesmen you will find such by Ian Norrie. Admission free. forgotten enterprises as bath-chair hire, Apr 29: 'The STreets of Hampstead' an cowkeepers, Galvano-Electric Baths and illustrated talk by Christopher Wade in lath renders. the Crypt Room, at St John's Parish church. Copies may be obtained for £5.95 at And advance notice: Camden libraries, bookshops and at rns May 3 - July 6 'The ~dieval Manor of rreetinqs. It is funded by the Society Hampstead' exhibition at Burgh House. and camden Council as part of the Millenn- May 4: Beating the B01.mds of Hampstead ium celebrations so please help to make (details to be anno1..ID.ced) its publication a success by buyinq one for yourself and another for a present! ion. Presently I noticed the exchange of A Photographic Competition whispers, and glances, while sundry eyes were turned upon :rre. Possibly, I thought, This year, instead of the usual Essay I might be taken for a detective in dis- Competition, we are introducing a photo- guise; but more probably, the features graphic competition. It is hoped that of every detective in the district ¼Bre members will keep their eyes open for well--knCM.11 to most of them. features which evoke Camden's past and photograph them - not just to win the A waiter no..v placed on the table a trencher co:rrpetition but to put something into of bread, cut into fair-sized blocks, each the Camden archives. The entry fonn is being the portion intended for one guest. enclosed, so please, in the sunnier months The trencher was pushed on to me, and I ahead, see what you can find and record. secured my portion. The waiter then advanced with a large dish of meat, simi- OLD PUB NAME DISAPPEARS larly divided into slices, but the instant Whv are our oldest pubs chanqinq their names? it touched the table a scramble co.rmenced, In Chalk Fann, the old Tavern bee~ for steel forks were brandished, and before it a feil years Pub lotus, althouqh it has no..v reached :rre the dish was bare. I beckoned reverted to the Chalk Fann Tavern. to the waiter, but that official only stood grinning at ne. Probably he thought Recently the rot has spread to Camden TOv\7!1 ne a fool for not joining in the struggle. and Grays Inn Road. We have, at Camden A neighbour had the politeness to say, 'Ah! Town, the World's End instead of the Mother you' re a new hand, you don't know the ways Ped Cap·- a name kn0v,.m. in this· area cf yet. That's all they give to this table, London for hundreds of years, and whose and we have to look out for ourselves.' history is detailed in ' to Euston Road' . Why have we got a Chelsea I sat ,a little longer, waiting, but nothing place name in Camden Tcmn? more was given. Meanwhile drinkables were brought in, according to order, and now . The ancient hostelry of the Pindar of Wake- smoking began. I rose to depart_ Turning field, although not quite on the original to the corner where I had.left my hat and site it had between Grays Inn Road and walking-stick, the latter being a gold- Battle Bridge, has now been renamed as headed cane, I could only find the fo:rner. the Water Rats, carrme:rrorating what is not The cane had been appropriated by some clear. light-fingered member of the community, Where will it end? wiser in his generation than myself. Hav- ing inferred the character of the company Roger Cline into which I had fallen, I thought it safer not to notice too pointedly at this Stray Leaves (continued) little incident. We continue our excerpt from 'Stray leaves As I left the room the-waiter approached, on Travel, Sport, Animals and Kindred as if to ask a 'douceur, ' but as I reached Subjects' by James Conway Walter, published the door, he whispered tone, 'If you wish in 1910, in which our hero is loose in the not to be stripped of watch and purse, take :rrore disreputable parts of the metropolis. to your heels. They've been watching you In the last episode he was just about to and some will follow you. look alive; escape from a mob of low people. take the first tum to your right, the 'Congratulating myself on this escape, I ·rext to the left, follow that passage, run foll0,ved the course.of this fresh alley, hatd, and you will reach the main street.' trusting to the chapter of accidents to bring me presently into so:rre larger thorough- Events Secretary Wanted fare, where I could inquire my way. But my adventures were not yet ended. Having The Society arranges splendid talks and recovered breath and composure, I began brings out wonderful publications but once more to look about me. I was approach- our publicity for both is bad. What we ing the entrance of a building, into which need is an Events Secretary, someone ,;,mo several strange-looking men were entering. will take the list of meetings to care, led by curiosity, I followed. It proved write something appetising about each of to be an eating-house, one of the very them after consulting the speaker and then lowest order, where a meal was provided, send it to the local papers so that we table d'hote fashion, for fourpence, barring can get something into them before the the drinkables, which everyone selected for event. The same applies to publications. himself, according to his :rreans or inclin- It isn't an· arduous job, it just requires ation. I paid my fee, and sat dONn. at one a bit of application at several timeg of the tables, wishing to add to my exper- a year and a reasonable writing style. ience of London life. The company was a If anyone is interested, please get in rrotley one, and as I afterwards learnt, touch with our Secretary, Mrs Jane Ramsay, chiefly thieves, or of kindred fraternity. at swiss Cottage Library, N.W.3. At first I see:rred to attract little attent- No. 95 of the CAMDEN HISTORY SOCIETY May 1986

All the King's Men - our June The Medieval Manor of talk and Annual Meeting Hampstead Wednesday, May 14, 7.30pm. Thursday, June 19th, 6.30pm Hampstead Parish Church, Church Row, Hampstead Parish Church. N. W. 3 To mark the Hampstead Millennium Ou:r- May talk is our contribution to the Society's Annual Meeting this the programme· of Hampstead's Mille- year will be at the Hampstead Parish nnium events. David Sullivan, QC, Church. The business meeting will and chairman of Burgh House Trust, be at 6.30, followed by a talk by our will be talking about Medieval President, Dr Ann Saunders entitled Hampstead, with special reference 'All the King's Men'. This sounds to the documented history of the fascinating because it is about all manor of the Manor of Hampstead. the less renowned servants that hover- The Parish Church, being on a med- ed about the monarch, and the work ieval site, offers an appropriate that they did as shown in records venue for the talk. and monuments in London. Members should also visit theexhib- After this talk we shall be having ition on Medieval Hampstead at Burgh wine and refreshments. We are House which runs until Jul 6. David afraid'that we have to levy a charge Sullivan, who arranged it, writes: of El.SO for this - it will be coll- ' "The past is a foreign country ... " ected trom those who wish to have Medieval and modern Hampstead could them, on the night. not be more foreign to one another. But with imagination and a little Members are invited to make nomin- knowledge, you can easily banish the ations for any or all of the offi- boutiques and remove the restaurants ces of the Society. The present This exhibition will, I hope, supply office-holders are: some of the knowledge, and it will PRESIDENT: Dr Ann Saunders perhaps stir the imagination through VICE-PRESIDENTS Frank Cole, Anthony the pictures and designs created by Cooper, Professor Henry Loyn, R. my daughter Tessa. Michael Robbins. The Abbot and monks of the monastery CHAIRMAN: John Richardson of St Peter's at Westminster were thE VICE-CHAIRMAN: Christopher Wade ~ords of the manor of Hampstead for SECRETARY: Jane Ramsay about 600 years; and there is no re, TREASURER: Helen Lefroy son to doubt that a primitive hamlet EDITOR OF REVIEW: Dr John Gage bad existed at the tqp of the hill MEETINGS SECRETARY: Horace Shooter for a long time before that. The 70C ARCHIVIST: Malcolm Holmes years between the early settlement, before th.e Conquest, and the Disso- . COUNCIL MEMBERS: Peter Barber, Eric lution of the Abbey in 1540, are the Brassingtqn, Roger Cline, Christina theme of the exhibition. Gee, Philip Greenall, Cherry Lavell, Deirdre Le Faye, Rosemary Weinstein, Hampstead, and its much larger neigh- Gillian Tindall, Ann Winser. bour, Hendon, were two of the Abbey'E manors in Middlesex. I have attemp- ·Helen Lefroy, our Treasurer, and ted to place them in the con text of Cherry Lavell on our Council, have the Abbey's wide estates - perhaps ootn 1.ncticated that tney wish to this is the first time this has been stand down this time. done. But the most important thing is to catch a glimpse of the life of the villa~e, to learn something of their identities, their families, Another reason for our survey was their feudal vassalage and their that our Society had recently complet· gradual emancipatiort, and the events ed and published its researches for which overtook them in those long, The Streets of Hampstead, which had slow centuries. naturally unearthed a large number of noteworthy residents, and we were some of the subjects (which are illus- keen to follow them up after they trated with copies of records from had gone to ground in 'God's Acre'. Westminster Abbey and elsewhere) are We could see why Family History soc- the qeographical and geological fea- ieties consider churchyards as 'yards tures which led to the settlement of history' . of the hill-top; the Anglo-Saxon Charters including ~he document which Tombstones are particularly helpful has prompted the present Millennium; and usually reliable about dates of the Domesday Book records of Hamp- birth and death, and about family stead and surrounding manors; the relationships; some inscriptions fa~m accounts of the monks' grange cover three or four qenerations and farm; the Surveys and Rentals of some graves grouped together reflect the tenants' holdings, including the the consanguinity of their inhabi- great valuation of 1312; the iden- tants. Furthermore, many people who t~ty of the officials who ran the chose to be buried in Hampstead must farm; the story of early Belsize; have been either long in residence the history of the holdings of the or much in love with the place, and free tenants; the effect of the that added to our interest in them. Black Death upon the village; the The long residents included many part played by the Peasants' Revolt famous names and, more importantly, of 1381; the differences between many old Hampstead families: here Hampstead and Hendon who have simi- also were. all the unsung butchers lar records in the Abbey archives. and bakers and stay-maker9 (and other past professions) who had For the answer to the question serviced Hampstead over the years. whether Hampstead is really cele- Among those who came and saw and orating a true Millennium, come succumbed to Hampstead's charms was and see the exhibition.' none less than John Constable, who A booklet, published by Burgh House, exclaimed about Hampstead: 'Here will be available, price £1 let me take my everlasting rest'. We soon realised that there was much Buried in Hampstead more to be learned than local his- tory and biography. Here wa9 .soc- Next month we are publishing the re- ial history - attitudes to life and port of our own graveyard group's death and the hereafter, in varying survey of Hampstead Parish Church- styles of poetry and prose; art yard, under the title 'Buried in history, ranging from Georgian sym- Hampstead'. It is our first major bolism ( al 1 those - skulls and cross- publication for four years. The bones), through Victorian senti- book, which is a lively, fully-ill- mentcli ty, to 20th century reti- ustrated analysis of some two and a cence; some basic geology, disting- half thousand monuments, will be on uishing between limestone, marble, sale at the Annual Meeting (DV), granite, cragleith and other curious price £3.95, or can be sent to stones; and incidentally some members by post: an order form natural history, surrounded as we will appear with our next Newsletter. Gften were by flowers and trees Christopher Wade, who has writtenthe arid cats and the best of British book and who claims to have had one birds. foot in the graveyard for over ten So we could tell those of our friendE years, sums it all up: 'Most London who looked on graveyards as deadly graveyards have been closed to new dull, that we were working in a burials for many years and, where - sculpture park, set in a nature re- their tombstones have not been broken serve, recording white plaques which up for crazy pavements, or ranged were more informative than blue like dominoes round the walls, they plaques, and which included the du have suffered a rapid decline. The Mauriers, Beerbohm Tree, Joad, Gait- need to record Hampstead's church- skell, ~nton Walbrook and other housE yard seemed to us, way back in 1976, hold names. Our friends suddenly a matter of urgency. became more interested. We trust that all serious members of the Society will feel the same.' Millennium Musts The Annual Outing Among the Millennium celebrations in The Annual Outing thistime goes sou Hampstead, watch out for these, which to Leeds Castle, possibly the most have some historical interest: picturesque castle in England, and to Tunbridge Wells, a place less May 30,31 and June 1: Flower Festival illustrious than it used to be but in the Parish Church well worth the visit. This will Jul 5: Carnival Procession through take place on Satudarday, Aug.ust 16 Hampstead, followed by fair on Heath. Details on on the enclosed form. Jul 9 and 16: Two talks about Hampstead history by Christopher Wade at Burgh TOMB TOURS House. Christopher Wade will lead two tour For information contact Edith Kahn of Hampstead Parish Churchyard, (346 3872) especially for CHS members, on Satu Another small exhibition, which is day 14 June and Wednesaay 25 June, being squeezed into the Hampstead starting at the front of the church Museum at Burgh House as part of at 2.30pm. the Millennium celebrations, con- cerns that right royal artist, Frank Salisbury.. Famous for his MENEGALLI RESEARCHED official portraits of kings and Anthony Cooper has done some resear queens and establishment figures, into the Menegalli restaurant depic Salisbury built for himself that in Newsletter 93. He writes: eye-catching house in West Heath Road called Sarum Chase, which 'Menegalli first appears at 87 Tot- Pevsner called 'unashamedly Holly- tenham Court Road, refreshment room, wood Tudor'. The exhibition runs in 1881, under Formaggia and Menega from May 31- to July 20. Sarum In the previous year the business w, Chase will itself be having an in the name of Pietro Morganti. In Open Day on Sunday, June 15. See 1883 (and possibly 1882 but the dire Millennial posters for details. tory was missing at the Guildhall), the entry is Menegalli, Carlo, ref- The Hampstead Music Club will be reshment rooms, and this continues giving a Gala Concert on Tuesday, till 1900 when it has become Menega= 17 June at Burgh House, at 8pm Charles, restaurant. Has Carlo ang= o'f items from Jerry Shields' .cized his name, or is it a son? An1 Hampstead Wells programme. There way, it is the finish as in 1901 we will be music from contemporary have Harris, Herbert, refreshment Hampstead composers as well- from rooms at No 87. the 18th century when the Wells was at its peak. Admission is This gives nearly a 20-year span fo1 free but a collection in aid of the photograph, but from the clotheE the Millennium fund will be made. I would guess it is early 1880s, perhaps soon after Menegalli set up on his own. THE GROWTH OF STOKE NEWINGTON Members may wish to know that a pub- lication called 'The Growth of Stoke ARCHAEOLOGICAL HELP REQUIRED Newington' by Jack Whitehead, is Members interested in helping to pre available at the Owl Bookshop, Ken- cess finds from excavations are welc tish Town. It is an intensive study to telephone Jean Snelling (346 3553 of a small area of London which who looks after daytime sessions on schools up·. and down the country have· Mondays and evening ones on Tuesdays found a valuable model on which to The old Inner London Archaeology develop their own Local Studies work. Unit is now part of the Greater Lon- It is A4, 78pp of maps, drawings and don Archaeological Unit and has ~xt ~d ~s..ts ~.50. If you~s~ ~m~ved~o3~Ray St:r:eeL, off ~Farrin~gaon to buy it direct from the Urban Stud- Road, (nearest tube Farringdon). Th ies Book Fund, at 55 Parliament Hill, telephone number of the Unit itself NW3, please add El p&p. is 837 8363. Industrial Archaeology Report The group continues to concentrate books being unhelpful. Only in 1881 on industrial and transport sites and 1939 does the depot receive a in the Kentish Town area. This is specific entry. Normally the site an interim report on one such site. is within an entry for the whole of the Midland's property 'between Between Holmes Road and Spring Place Euston Road and Haverstock Hill'. ~s an isolated section of railway Post Office directories are more viaduct, its 16 red-brick arches helpful, but their entries relate to currently in use as workshops and the 10 offices for thecoal merchants stores. It gives the impression of rather than to the drops. The group being part of some long-forgotten is pursuing further investigations branch of the nearby North London at the Public Record Office, Kew. line but it is, in fact, the remains of the coal drops of the Midland To date we do not know how the drops Rqi lway depot. were operated. We know that the wagons gained access to the depot on In the 19th and early 20th centuries a second viaduct from the north, abu such was the importance of coal for ting the centre of the drops viaduct domestic use, that almost every rail- at right angles - the Ordnance Sur- way station had its adjacent coal vey 1:2500 for 1879 shows this via- depot to serve local needs. The Mid- duct to have three tracks. The same land Railway, serving as it did the source shows a total of 32 tracks ex coalfields of the East Midlands, was tending widthwise across the drops a major transporter of coal. Its viaduct, two over each arch. (Alth- need'to convey coal to London was a ough OS maps are not always accurate major factor influencing the exten- at this level of detail, a 32-track sion of its line south from Bedford arrangement would make sense in the to St Pancras in 1867 instead of context of an LMS list of 1928 in-. using, as they did, the lines of dicating that each of their 16 arche their rival the Great Northern. was divided into two 'bays'. To Many depots consisted of a row of convey trucks from the central app- sidings where merchants could store roach viaduct to the tracks across coal in the wagons in which it was the drops would have required a brought. Trucks were unloaded over .traverser of some sort. the side on demand, the merchant From a combination of sources we can paying demurrage to the owner, deduce that the Holmes Road site, fo either railway company or colliery. merly used for brickfields, was re- From the owner's point of view it .developed as a coal depot in 1873. was better to unload wagons quickly The Post Office Directory for 1874 and return them to service. This shows 9 of the 10 offices occupied could be achieved by the use of by coal merchants. Midland Railway coal drops, where wagons on a via- minutes confirm the construction of duct were unloaded through aper- these of fices ·at this date, but the:t, tures in the structure into hoppers is no firm evidence for the drops beneqth. Both the Midland and Great until the OS map of 1879 and the Northern owned a great number of rate books in 1881. these in London particularly around By the time of nationalization in St Pancras. 1948 only one coal merchant remained The arches in Holmes Road are the he was still there until ·1963/4 when last vestige of a busy Midland depot the site became a British Road Ser- which also had some 40 stables, weigh- vices depot. The viaduct from the ~ng machines and 10 offices for mer- north had been demolished at least chants. The remaining viaduct, which te~ years earlier so that the coal has no shoot apertures, was the north- drops could not have functi9ned sine ern half of a wide structure; the other part, containing the drops, was demolished in 1972 tp make wqy This report is based on work by Ma-lcolm Tucker of GLIAS , who s.urvey- for the Ca.mden Council depot- now.. on the site. One feature surviving ed and photographed the site prior is a 4ft wide enclosed staircase to partial demolition in 1972, from bottom to top at each end. David Thomas, Tim Smith and David and Ruth Hayes. Documentary sources have furnished only a partial picture of the dep- ot's operation and history, the rate No.96 of the CAMDEN HISTORY SOCIETY Jul 1986

The Kentish Town Panorama Outing to Leeds Castle TUesday, July 15th, 7.30pm Saturday, August 16th Old Hall , La Sainte Union School . Entrance by 9 croftdown Road, NW5. There are still some seats left on the coach for this year's outing to Leeds The Kentish Town Panorama is a drawing, castle in Kent and to TUnbr idge Wells. 39 feet long, of the buildings on either The price for the day, which includes side of the road from swains Lane, N6, coach fare, entrance fee etc, is £10. to Camden Town at the turn of the 19th Please contact Mrs Gee at century. It was drawn by James (435 2062) to reserve your ticket! Frederick King who died in 1855, and who lived for much of his life in Kentish The Regent Revisited Town. First he resided with his father in a house behind the castle Tavern and Dr Ann Saunders, our busy President, has later in a house next to what is now also been responsible for mounting an Kentish Town underground station. His exhibition on the Prince Regent at unique Panorama is being published in a Regent's College, Inner Circle, R~gent 's facsimile edition jointly by the Lendon Park. If this venue is unfamiliar to Topographical society and the Lendon you this is because it is the old Borough of Camden as a series of 26 Bedford College building renamed. The panels. With it will be a booklet which exhibition includes items on loan from introduces and analyzes the panorama and many collections and seldom seen. which comes up with some surprising conclusions about it. George IV had a bad press in his lifetime and has been criticised by most The Panorama and its illustrations is historians. This exhibition aim$ to the subject of a talk by John show that he deserved better. As Prince Richardson, who compiled the booklet, in of Wales, George may have been foolish, JUly. The venue is a new one for the extravagant and none too moral, but he society and was chosen because one of was also imaginative, charming, devoted the buildings illustrated by Mr King to the Arts and genuinely interested in still survives as part of the Convent Science. His studies and his impressive premises nearby. In tracing the path of peace-making abilities were put to the Panorama Mr Richardson will, of conscientious use after he came to the course, be taking in a great deal of throne in 1820. Kentish Town history. The new college has taken his title for PLANS FOR DECEMBER its .own name and the Exhibition opens the new Knapp Gallery here. rt is open In December, instead of having a single from 25th June to 26th September from lecture before our Christmas social , we 12.00-6.00pm Mondays to Saturdays. plan to invite members who have a Regent's college ( 935 8217) is nearest ten-minute talk about some aspect of to Baker Street underground station. local history,_ to contribute. In other words, we are after a good mix of ~ub jects. We hope that any member who NOTE: this is the first CHS Newsletter has got such a ten-minute offering will to be pl.it on a word processor. we would get in touch with Jane Ramsay, our like to thank the law firm of Seifert Secretary, so that we can begin to plan Sedley Williams for the use of their the evening. system for this purpose. The Annual Meeting Buried in Hampstead on sale 'Ihe Annual Meeting was held at Hampstead After a gestation period of ten years Parish Church and we had the pleasure of the Society's latest publication, BURIED welcoming the Mayor of Camden and the IN HAMPSTEAD has just been published and Vicar of Hampstead, both of whom were does, of course, aptly mark the presented with a copy of a map and list Millennium year. congratulations are dtie ,of" 2,500 graves in Hampstead Churchyard, all round! Copies of the maps and list by Christopher Wade. Presentations were of over 2,500 graves were presented by also made by our President to Helen Christopher wade to both .the Vicar of Lefroy, our outgoing Treasurer, and to Hampstead and to the Mayor of Camden at Cherry Lavell who has served on our our Annual Meeting in June. council for 12 years. As a special offer to members, those who The Chairman revealed that only two order a copy this year will have free local history societies in England were delivery. The price is £3.95 from CHS larger than our own, but warned that PUblications, 28 Willoughby Road, NW3. there was no room for complacency since our fairly stable membership of 450 was, Buried in Hampstead, in the graveyard of in fact, about 100 lower than about ten the Parish Church, are not only a years previously. We shall be devoting remarkable assembly of local residents, more energy to raising our membership but a large number of national figures. level and in this connection Carmel Egan has taken on the responsibility of Here are the artists John constable and sending out press-releases about the George du Maurier, the Labour leader, Society. This will, we hope, increase Hugh Gaitskell; the architects Norman attendances at meetings and also bring Shaw and George Gilbert Scott Junior; about a greater awareness of our the writers Sir Sidney Colvin and E. V. existence. Knox, the inventors John Harrison and Henry Cort, the philosopher and The following officers were appointed: broadcaster Professor Joad, the poet and mystic Evelyn Underhill; the film stars PRESIDENT: Dr. Ann Saunders Kay Kendall and Anton Walbrook ; and the VICE-PRESIDENTS: Frank Cole, FLA; actor-managers Sir Gerald du Maurier and Anthony Cooper, ' FRIBA; Professor Henry Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree: LOyn MA, D. Litt; and R. Michael Robbins PhD, FSA. Many chose to be buried here because of the beauty of the site. The well-wooded CHAIRMAN: Jdhn Richardson churchyard of St. John-at-Hampstead is a VICE CHAIRMAN: Christopher Wade unique survival from mediaeval times and SECRETARY: Jane Ramsay contains a fine collection of Georgian TREASURER: Christopher Sanham chest tombs, as well as a wide variety MEETINGS SECRETARY: Horace Shooter of curious epitaphs. Camden History PUBLICATIONS EDI'IOR: Dr. John Gage Society's graveyard group has now PUBLICATIONS MANAGER: Roger Cline recorded all the 2,500 inscriptions in ARCHIVIST: Malcolm Holmes the old and new graveyards, and on the elegant monuments in the Church. COUNCIL MEMBERS: Peter Barber, Eric Brassington, Christina Gee, Philip This book takes a lively, Greenall, Deirdre Le Faye, Gillian fully-illustrated look at the group's Tindall, Rosemary Weinstein, Ann Winser. find ings, which concern not only local history, but many aspects of social AUDI'IOR: Jeremy Lefroy history: these include changing attitudes to life and death and the The evening concluded with an hereafter, as shown by epitaphs in entertaining talk by Ann Saunders varying styles of poetry and prose. describing the lives and activities of the minor servants of the Crown in There are notes on infant mortality, mediaeval and TUdor times entitled 'All longevity, causes of death, the King's Men' - we hope to have body-snatching and symbolism - why, for another instalment of this at a future instance, so many tombstones have skulls occasion. and crossbones. 'The Good Grave Guide' is a selection of monuments of special interest for their design and decoration, and there is a 'Who was Who' with nearly 400 biographical sketches. Hampstead Churchyclrd - £ran the front cover of BURIED IN HAMPS'IEAD

DATA PROTECTION ACT MORE PUB NAMES You may have noticed that we are now Julian TObin writes: using adhesive address labels for the I was interested in your note in a Newsletter envelopes. The Addressograph previous Newsletter on the disappearance machinery has broken down once too often of old pub names. The Eton Tavern in and is being discarded. Names and Adelaide Road is now known as the addresses of members have now been put Viceroy, and the LOad of Hay in onto a word-processor, and this could Haverstock Hill, which for many years mean that we would have to register was known as the Noble Art, has happily under the Data Protection Act, 1984. reverted to its old name. However after careful reading of the small print, we consider we are exempt, as we are holding only -names and Zither Find addresses for mailing purposes. we have Recently found in a postcard sale is to inform you of this, and give you the this Admission Ticket to a zither opportunity to object: if you do object, concert, long before the days of Anton please contact me as soon as possible. Karas, at Hampstead Vestry Hall in 1886, The information will continue to be kept in aid of the building fund for confidential, as it was under the old Lyndhurst Road chapel. An excellent system, and will not be disclosed to piece of ephemera! anyone other than officials of the, Society. Jane Ramsay ..

THE SOCIETY Programme OF This Newsletter is edited by John Pichardsm, 32 Ellingtcn St, N. 7, to whom all cmtribut- AT THE ims should be sent. VESTRY HALL, HAVERSTOCK HILL1 The Secretary of the Society is ON THURSDAY EVENING, APRIL 15th, 1886, Mrs Jane Ramsay, c/o Swiss Cot- tage Library, Avenue Road, N1iil3. IN CONNECTION WITH THE ALPINE VILLAGE BAZAAR, Her telephone number is 278 ([l,e procecbs to be beooteb to t~e 1£:ynbl,nrst l1oab <£f,ttrd, 4444 (ext 2422) • tlui[bing 5nnb. The Treasurer is Chris Sanham and the Editor of the annual TO COMMENCE AT EIGHT O'CLOCK. Review is Dr John Gage, both 1 Hungnrio.11 Pednl Cimbnl & Xylophone-•• Arion Zither & Philomcle- c/o of the sane address. 1IADAi\!E CURT SCHULZ. HERR CURT SCHULZ. 1 7.z'ttzen'st to H.RJ-£. tlu Prfnet•:,:s qf II (tits,

A.dn,ission One Shilling. P,T,O, sort of company I ·had cast my lot, like Stray Leaves (concluded) some others, did not attempt to undress, we conclude here our excerpts from and specially took care to keep my watch 'stray Leaves on Travel, Sport, Animals in my pocket. It was not long before I and Kindred subjects' by James Conway was fast asleep; ar:id I did not awake Walter, published in 1910. The last till the early hours of the morning, excerpt, in Newsletter 94, left our hero when some of these nondescript lodgers ru12f1ing away from some rather began to rise, and went off to another threatening characters. Now read on, room to make their ablutions. I myself breathlessly •.•. presently arose and had a wash; towels, 'LOoking over my shoulder as I reached however were scanty and not too clean, the first turn, I saw some five or six ·so I ~ent off to some baths which I running after· me. Having some knew in a street at the back of the confidence in Royal Academy, and there enjoyed a good my running powers, tested on many a bath.' field, I gathered myself together and . increased my pace. The next time I Book Review looked round I had distanced all but one The History of the countryside of my pursuers, but he was gaining upon by Oliver Rackham. (Dent 1986, £16.95). me. 'Ihat, however, gave me courage; I had still a reserve of wind and speed, Never mind the price, get in the library and nothing corning in my way to check queue! This lovely book is a me. I baffled my enemy and in five tour-de-force of landscape history, for minutes I reached the safety of the. its author handles with a light touch thoroughfare. I now took a cab and his virtually encyclopaedic knowledge of drove to my friend's lodgings, to tell climate·, agriculture, plant and animal him my adventure, and he assured me that. life, and even some architecture. His he should, for the future, value my rqnge and authority are breathtaki~g, friendship the more for the risk I had but the book seems far shorter than its literally run, in showing it. 400 pages. Landscape history is something my job keeps me in touch with, Another Lendon experience was the but even so I found a revelation in following: I returned to Lendon from an almost every page of Rackham. A few expedition in Scotland, reaching King's random samples must suffice. Leather cross station the. train having been tanning consumed more oaks from 1780 to delayed, after midnight. Leaving my 1850 than the naval dockyards. Medieval luggage with a night porter who I knew, people (1085-1350) were destroying about I walked off to try to get a night's 17 acres of woodland a day. over half lodging somewhere. After walking about the remaining woods disappeared for some time, and finding the hotels 1840-1980, most under the ever voracious closed, I stopped a policeman, told him plough. our graveyard recording group my difficulty, and asked if he could might care to reflect that in the tell me where I could get a bed, or even cemetery's weeds there is being a 'shake down, ' till the morning. He recycled, 'while awaiting the Last took me to a place somewhere, so far as Trump, part of the phosphate of 10,000 I can recollect, at the back of Drury skeletons', the contents of the average Lane, and said, 'If you can get in there village churchyard. they will provide for you. ' This common lodging-house still exists, and is unfortunately, does not ref erred to as ' in Drury Lane' . After receive a mention in the long chapter on knocking at the entrance for some time, heaths, though it would certainly fit a drowsy-looking porter opened the into •the category 'if neglected, turns door; and I explained to him that I was into woodland' . Apparently England has very tired, that I had no luggage, but kept its heaths more faithfully than the that I should be thankful to be allowed rest of Europe, which should provide to lie down anywhere, if I could only some ammunition for the Heath and Old get a rest. He took me upstairs and Hampstead society. (We also discover showed me into a large apartment, where that had the conservators employed by there were a dozen, or more, beds on the the city of Lendon read the Epping floor, mere mattresses, with a certain Forest Act properly, they would not have ( or uncertain) amount of blankets and set about destroying so many -Of the sheets over them. These were, most of Forest's ancient features. We must hope them, occupied by a mixed company, whose that English Heritage and whatever body attire was as mixed and motley as takes over the Heath, take the full themselves, several having evidently lessons of this book). thrown themselves down just as they came Cherry Lavell in. I myself, not knowing among what No97 of the CAMDEN HISTORY SOCIETY Sep1986

The Black Books of Victorian Anarchists - Lincoln's Inn Our October Talk Sep 16, 6.30pm. Oct 28th, 7pm Old Hall, Lincoln's Inn. Channel 4 Cinema, 60 Charlotte Street, Wl our talk in September takes us to the (For security reasons members and magnificent Old Hall of Lincoln's Inn their guests will be asked to sign in.) where Dr Ives, will be talking about the early history of Lincoln's Inn Camden, especially , was the which was founded in the middle of the debating ground, of the Anarchist 14th century. The Old Hall was built movement which so alarmed the between 1489 and 1492 and the Establishment at the end of the 19th opportunity to see it and here the century. Nicholas Walter, of the talk should not be missed. Please Rationalist Press, is well-qualified note the earlier starting time. to give us a talk on the personalities and the events of those years. Also, we are trying out a new venue, right Advance Notice in the heart of Fitzrovia. Nov 12: A talk by Mr Johnson of Johnson & Johnson, opticians, in ELM COTTAGE, NORTH END Tottenham Court Road. At Swiss Mr I.F.C.Anstruther, of Barlavington Cottage Library, 7pm. Estate, Petworth, Sussex, is writing a book about the early life of Covent~y Dec 11: Christmas meeting and party. Patmore (1823-1896) which will end in Burgh House, NW3, 7pm. 1862 with the death of his first wife, Emily. They lived (and she died) in a Feb 5: Prof. Arthur Marwick on house known as Elm Cottage at North 'Beauty in History' - the social and End, next to the Hare and Hounds.· political implications of personal This house was pulled down some time appearance in Western society. Burgh after her death and rebuilt as House, 8pm. Elmwood; this is still there. Mr Anstruther would very rruch like to THE CHRISTMAS MEETING obtain a picture of Elm Cottage - can Members are reminded that at our anyone help? December meeting at Burgh House, which MINT CONDITION will be held before the Christmas The Museum of London (North London party, we are inviting members to unit) are looking for enthusiastic contribute ten-minute talks on volunteers to help process finds from subjects of their choice. Details of a major new excavation at the Royal these should be sent to Christopher Mint, the site of the Abbey of st Mary Wade (not to Jane Ramsay, as asked in Graces, as welJ as other important the last Newsletter) at 28 Willoughby sites. If you are interested and can Road, NW3. spare some time on a regular basis, please contact Steve Pierpoint or Richenda Goffin, D.G.L.A (North London), 3-7 Ray Street, ECl. (837 8363). Publications Galore Holborn Memories Members with an eye to early Christmas A splendid new publication has just shopping are reminded of the numerous been issued by the Libraries and Arts publications of both the Society and Dept of the . Camden council now on sale. First Me100ries of Holborn, edited by Maureen there is the Hampstead and Highgate Waugh, is based on the work of the 1886 Directory, a facsimile reprint of Holborn Local History Group which, this fascinating volume. Price £5.95. since 1983, has explored the history of its own particular part of Landon, Then there is Hampstead 1000, a book through audio-visual presentations, full of illustrations and new outings to places of local interest research, featuring a thousand years and, not least, through their own of Hampstead history. Price £7.50. personal meirories. The group began collecting together old school and The Kentish Town Panorama is a family photographs and other personal facsimile reprint of the celebrated memorabilia which were subsequently drawings by James King of Kentish Town displayed at the Exploring Living as it appeared in the early years of Memory exhibition at the Royal the 19th century. Price £12. Festival Hall in 1984, and later that same year at Holborn Library. Buried in Hampstead also celebrates However, by far their biggest project the Millennium year. Here is a has been the completion of an oral lively, well-researched description of history of 20th century Holborn based the many graves in Hampstead on the reminiscences of every churchyard - both interesting and individual in the group as well as famous. Price £3.95. those of a handful of people in the community. All these are available at the CHS bookstall at meetings, Camden Council The resulting publication (£1.95) is libraries and local bookshops. available at libraries and bookshops. rt is attractively produced, lavishly illustrated and contains the meirories First World War Weapons of people as varied as theatrical Malcolm Holmes writes: performers, coal-merchants, and Occasionally I have come across leather-workers. references in newspapers to tanks and guns which were placed on various THE ELUSIVE REGENT SCHOOL OF ARMS sites in Camden following the First we have been asked for help by Mr world war. They were meirorials to the D.S.Chester in tracing the Regent war and often a recognition of funds school of Arms which may, or may not, raised by a locality. have been in the borough. His search r have seen photographs of a tank arises from clearing up his late outside the north €ntrance to the father's effects and finding a number , and I know guns were of awards from the School to his erected near Whitestone Pond, on father for fencing and boxing. The Fortune· Green, and on the site of writer has already enquired at many Belsize Library (reiroved 1936 when the places including · the Regent library was rebuilt). Clearly some of Polytechnic and the st Marylebone the guns may have stayed unt_il the 2nd Local History Library, but without world war and intensive scrap metal success. He therefore wonders if it drives. was located on the Camden side of Regent's Park. The dates of the r would be interested to hear if any awards are from 1927 to 1933. other weaponry, and where located, and when. Photographs would be of If anyone has suggestions could they particular interest. please contact him at 35 Willow Drive, The Conifers, Seaford, East Sussex. (Malcolm may be contacted at the Local (0323 897406). History Library, swiss Cottage Library, Avenue Road, NW3 3HA. Institute headquarters at the junction One day on a Hampstead of Stanhope Street and Longford· street, NWl. This will be on Thursdays Bus starting 26th September for 30 w~eks. The Editor of the Victoria county Each session will consist of a lecture History volume on Hampstead, now in from 10am to 12 noon and a visit from ~preparation, has kindly sent us an 1.15-3 .15. extract from the memories of Mr H.V.Borley relating to horse-buses in Enrolment is at the respective centres the area, and a journey he made one from 16th September (12 noon for the Sunday from Pimlico to Hampstead: day-time class, 5.30pm for the evening class). Both classes ·are likely to 'A nice fine, but cold, Sunday snow fill up the first day or two~ so early started to fall about 5 o'clock. We enrolment is essential. Telephone had visited my Uncle and Aunt so we enquiries: 388 7106. A Prospectus may had a hurried tea and started for be obtained from local libraries. home. Many other people had the same idea and we had to let two or three Also, the Camden Adult Education buses go before we_got places - Mother Institute at Holmes Road NW5 is inside, Father and I on top, where we planning to start a local history were soon covered in snow. At the group this coming September. It will foot of Haverstock Hill the man with meet on Fridays, l-3pmr under the. the cock-horse appear~, but soon the gqidance of Jack Whitehead, author of conductor said "Will the gen'lmen get 'The Growth of Stoke Newington'. The out and walk please, the 'orses can't choice of areas and topics depends on make it.". My father who had driven the wishes of the group members, and ana ridden horses took hold of· one of it is not to be restricted to Kentish the horses and coaxed him along. Town. Father was in his best frock-coat, with overcoat and silk top hat. Interested members should contact Eventually we reached the Town Hall Valerie Jacques, Head of the Liberal and another bus going to Pimlico Studies. Dept, and obtain a prospectus arrived and the two drivers had a from local libraries. discussion. we were then told "The FREE WESTFIELD COURSES bus aint going no further tonight, As a contribution to the Harrpstead we're taking the 'orses to the Millennium celebrations, Westfield stables.". {The stables were behind college is proposing to open ~o the the Bird-in-Hand, High Street). So we general public two of its lecture had to walk over a mile home in the courses. There will be no charge for snow; Mother was in her best full admission: they would be happy to see length dress. anyone who would be interested in attending. The first course An Tram-men and busmen often had an Introduction to Medieval Studies - arrangement with a cafe en route to would be of particular interest to supply a flask of hot tea or hot historians. It is an inter food. The man was always attended to departmental course, covering, a~ng immediately; it was the recognized other things, aspects of feudalism, practice'; Sutton Hoo, the Bayeux tapestry, church architecture, education, LONDON HISTORY CLASSES courtly love. It will take place on Members may be interested in two adult Thursday afternoons, at 2pm, probably education classes starting soon, both in the Physics Lecture Theatre,. tutored by Lee Waite, a qualified Queen's Building, Kidderpore Avenue, London guide. An evening class NW3. entitled 'London in Depth' will be at Piccadilly {Soho Primary) School, The second course is on critical Great Windmill street Wl {next to the concepts, and will concern itself with ex-Windmill Theatre), on Wednesdays, aspects of narrative, and certain 6.15-8.15pm, starting on 25th critical terms. It is planned for September for 30 weeks. Thursdays at 4pm, but will begin only in the fifth or sixth week of term. A day-time class called 'Discovering London' will be at the old Stanhope If any members are interested please contact Professor Peter Dixon, Dean of the Faculty of Arts, Westfield College. The Highgate Prophet CAPITAL GAINS Peter Barber has sent in an 1804 our talk in January will be by Dr Hugh engraving of William Powell, 'The Chapman and his theme will be Highgate Prophet' about whom very archaeological discoveries of the past little is known. Has any member come 15 years made in London. To whet your across him? appetite an exhibition will run at the Museum of London from 9th September to 1st February, together with a series of lectures and workshops on the same theme. Details of these may be obtained from the Musuem.

BURGH HOUSE HAPPENINGS On Sep 21st there will be a Book Sale from 11am to 1pm in aid of the library fund. Admittance is l0p. On Sep 28th at 7.30pm there will be a Millennium event, a Topical Entertainment in prose and verse by Anthony Gooch. The Hostess will be Princess Helen Moutafain (adm £3 inc. wine and refreshments).

INSURANCE HISTORY The chartered Insurance Institute is holding an Insurance History Forum on Frid~y 24th October on the theme of Insurance in the 2nd World war, which must have been a delicately judged business. Any member who wishes to attend should contact the Assistant Secretary (Administration) at 20 Aldermanbury, EC2. BETJEMANIA The poet John Betjeman lived in his young days in Highgate West Hill. An Exhibition called Betjeman Remembered will be at the Highgate Literary and Scientific Institution, south Grove, ISLINGTON EVENTS N6 from September 27th until October 4th, although it would be wise to Our colleagues in Islington have an telephone first to ascertain daily interesting series of talks planned. opening times. Admission is 50p with It includes: catalogue. Sep 17 - The Worst Street in North London (a street off Holloway Road THE SOCIETY which was the subject of a recent book This Newsletter is published by the by the speaker); Camden History Society, c/o Swiss Nov 19 - Coade Stone; Cottage Library, Avenue Road, NW3. It Dec 10 - Dickens and Islington; is edited by John Richardson, 32 Jan 21 - The Origins of the Terraced Ellington Street, N7, to whom all House; contributions should be sent. Mar 18 - , with Malcolm The Secretary of the Society is Mrs Holmes as speaker. Jane Ramsay, the Treasurer Christopher Sanharn, and the Editor of the Review .All talks are at , is Dr John Gage, all of whom may be Camden Passage at 8pm. written to at the Swiss Cottage Library. No98 of the CAMDEN HISTORY SOCIETY

An Optician in Tottenham The Christmas meeting and Court Road Party at Burgh House Wednesday, Nov 12th, 7. 30pm. Thursday, December 11th, 7pm swiss Cottage Library. Burgh House, New End Square, NW3. We don't often get the chance to hear a It has become our custom to hold our talk about a business long established in December meeting in the comfortable rooms Camden. What previously used to be a of Burgh House. This is because the fairly low-key retailing trade, that of an facilities are such that we can have a optician, is the subject of our November meeting and then have a Christmas social. talk. Mr Johnson, of Johnson and Johnson who have long been in the Tottenham Court This year, as has been mentioned in pre- Road, will therefore be giving a talk of vious Newsletters, we are experimenting by much. interest. inviting members to contribute 10-minute talks on aspects of Camden history, instead Looking up William Johnson & Sons, of having one set talk. Those who have a opticians of 188 Tottenham Court Road in, contribution and haven't said so yet, say, the 1928 Kelly's Directory reminds one should contact Christopher Wade c/o Burgh of a shopping street of a rather different House. nature than today's. In particular it was a street of furniture dealers. Maple's and Attendance at the meeting is, of course, Heal's were there of course, but so were open to all members, but those who wish to Catesby's (who also had a men's out- go to the wine and food party afterwards fitters) Shoolbred's, Jay's and Wolfe and will need to pay. It has been costed out Hollander. The Johnson business shared its this year at £3.50 per head. Friends of premises with an Elizabeth Johnson, pre- members are welcome as well. sumably a relative, who did corset-making. Just up the road, occupying two shops, was Wrigley's Chewing Gum Ltd, which must One Hundred Up-or nearly surprise those who thought chewing gum was Observant readers will notice that this is a post-war thing. And there were a good the 98th edition of the Newsletter. To mark many cinemas. There was the Grafton just the 100th edition the editor intends to below warren Street, a Gaiety Cinema at No produce a bumper issue and invites short 22, the Grand at No 24, the Carlton at No contributions from members. It is not 30, and the Majestic at 36; on the site of intended to entice away entries which would the Dominion was the Court Playhouse still, normally go to the Review, but to gather presumably, a theatre at that time. together a larger number than usual of the items which would usually appear in the Newsletter. CAMDEN HISTORY REVIEW COMING SOON The Camden History Review No 14 will be so, please send your items, in good time published this month. Unfortunately it is please, to John Richardson, 32 Ellington just too late to go out with this News- Street, N7. The issue will be appearing at letter and so it will be sent to members the end of February. separately. The Industrial Archaeology Group Another Canal Walk David Thanas, co-ordinator of the The Greater London Industrial Archaeology Industrial Archaeology Group, writes: Society (GLIAS) has recently published a A last-minute exposure of a gap in know- new Canal Walk. This takes in the stretch ledge has prevented us going ahead with an of the Regent's Canal from Kings Cross, article for this Newsletter - come along on through the Battle Bridge Basin (the title the date shown below to help us out! This recalling the old name for the area) into summer we visited several premises around Islington. Holmes Road to see what evidence there was The Walk (which is about 1 1/2 miles), is inside of former uses and the evolution of more than just the buildings on the canal the sites. As always, we ended up with a bank but a description of those of list of queries about whether previous industrial importance nearby, so you will buildings had been adapted and, in par- find yourself leaving the canal for ticular, just how Birch Bros. used the exploratory walks- four separate locations which they had occupied. We'd certainly appreciate advice The authors point out that many of the from any member with local knowledge. premises on the banks of the canal have archways in their canal facade to allow The Industrial Archaeology group meets the passage of horses and carts to pass about :rronthly at Swiss Cottage or Holborn through. They also reveal a number of Library to do research - the next date is enterprises and businesses long forgotten at the latter building on Monday, 1st along the route, such as at No 30 York Way December at 17.45. If you'd like to help the Islington and North London shoe Black us, or know rrore about the Group, please Brigade hostel. Also in York Way was the contact me at 36 Pearman Street, SEl. Self-Opening Tin Box Company. LINES TO CREWE The main feature of the Walk is, of course, Michael Allen is researching into the life a substantial basin completely invisible of Frances Anne Crewe (1744-1818). He is from surrounding streets - it would be particularly interested in the Crewe villa picturesque if, when the area is sometime near Jack Straw's Castle referred to in a redeveloped, this stretch of water could be number of biographies and diaries. Its exposed. position is described in Christopher Wade's Streets of Harrpstead: The Walk is a valuable companion to a stroll along a less-known stretch of 'A cluster of cottages called Littleworth towpath. Hands up all those who finish grew up behind Jack Straw's Castle in the their canal walk at Camden Town! eighteenth century, but by 1800 the It is available at CHS lectures from the smallholders had been swept away by a wave bookstall for lOp or from Roger Cline at 34 of Whig artistocracy. The new residents Kingstown street, NWl for an extra 20p included Lady Crewe, Lady Camelford and postage and packing. Lord William Grenville, leader in 1806/7 of the government which abolished the slave MISSIONARIES IN MORNINGTON CRESCENT trade. The villas, which grew to prestig- ious size, were :rrostly destroyed by a In our Newsletter No 82 (March 1984) we re- parachute mine in 1941 and their grounds produced a turn-of-the-century postcard added to the Heath. Some of the garden featuring the southern end of Mornington trees can still be seen between the pub and Crescent. The view featured what are Nos 1 Inverforth House. Hill Brow, which led to a and 2. In a book entitled The Glory of the villa of that name, now only leads to a car Sons: A History of Eltham College, a park.' history of a school for sons of missionaries edited by Clifford Whiting in 1952, it is A number of houses in the area of Jack noted that the school, which was founded by Straw's Castle are marked on the map the London Missionary Society in Walthamstow published in 1814 with J.J. Park's history in 1842, moved to No 1 Mornington Crescent of HaI!}Pstead, but Mr Allen wonders if any in 1852 and subsequently took over No 2 as member is able to pinpoint exactly which well. They moved to Blackheath in 1857 as house it was. Also, are there any the number of pupils had become too great. illustrations or photographs of the house? St Giles-a Rookery parish day, but as many as could be got into it at night. The price ranged from "anything David R. Green of the Geography Department they could give me" told and 2d per of King's College, has published an night. This room fetched 2 shillings per Occasional Paper (No 26) of particular week. Two cases of fever had been taken interest to Camden residents. It is away from it. The window slid back only entit.led People of the Rookery: A pauper eight inches - that was the only means of conmmity in Victorian London, and may be ventilation. Although this room was not purchased from the Wooldridge Collection at more than nine feet squ9re, daylight did King's College, Strand for £1.50. not reach the back of it. It was scarcely Mr Green points out that when the suburb of. h_igh enough for an ordinary many to stand St Giles was built in the 17th century it upright in.' had a higher proportion of poor families then, and when in the 18th century new The author analyses the extent of the pro- aristocratic estates.were built further to blem in an attempt to 'prise apart some of the west this led to the St Giles area being the relationships that existed between completely forsaken by the affluent. Its place, work and folk' and comes to the con- nineteenth-century image is one of 'narrow clusion that the poor people involved were streets, dimly-lit courts, its houses en- an inevitable part of the chain of decay, crusted with filth and teeming with vermin, sub-letting and precarious livelihoods. its numerous lodging houses and its popu- lation of hawkers, beggars and thieves.' John Richardson. Mr Green goes on to assess the reality of this. From the rate books he is able to HALL SCHOOL CENTENARY ascertain that the St Giles area had few houses to corrpare in rateable value with The Headmaster of the Hall School in Cross- surrounding parishes. In.one part of the field Road, Hampstead tells us that it is Rookery, around Church Lane, houses were intended to publish in 1988 a history of the valued as little as £4 a year and it was School to mark its centenary in 1989. here that overcrowding was at its worst, where poor Irish immigrants could find The Hall is rather unusual in that it is a something they could afford. private school, founded in the heyday of Victorian educational enterprise, which has As is common in London topography the worst survived on the same site. The present areas were no more than stone throws from boys' preparatory school has in fact its pre- socially much superior parts: in this case cursor in the Belsize School, which started the British Museum, Bedford Square and in Buckland Crescent, also in the 1880s. In Lincoln's Inn Fields. The building of New 1905, the Belsize School moved into the Hall Oxford Street swept away some of the slums buildings, this latter being originally a but those around Drury Lane and Seven Dials private girls' school. remained for some time after. The proposed history will combine accounts In fact the building of New Oxford Street of the development of the schoql, much of exacerbated the problem at first. In 1847 the information drawn from school magazines a survey revealed that houses in Church dating back to 1904, with personal memoires Lane (roughly on the site of Centre Point) from former pupils and staff. He would be frequently contained more than thirty grateful for any material relating to the people. Following the clearances to build School that could be sent to him at The the new street some houses of 4 rooms here Hall, 23 Crossfield Road, NW3. and elsewhere had between 50 and 90 people lodging at night. No 7 Church Lane was a KEATS HOUSE SHOP typical example: Those of you who haven't been to Keats House recently will find that there have 'The privy had been taken away and the been some changes, notably in the base- cesspool covered with boards and earth. ment. Here there is now a shop which The soil underneath oozed up through the members will find useful for Christmas boards, saturating the earth with foetid shopping. There are books about Keats and matter. In one of the back rooms several friends of course, but also about furni- Irish families lived ••• The room opposite ture, cooking etc. There are also dolls, was occupied by only three families in the straight out of Kate Greenaway, and stat- ionery for sale. Churchyard Corrections Christopher Wade has received a number uniform, but owing to muddle and lack of of reactions to Buried in Hampstead, . money rrost of them were given ill-fitting published by the Society earlier this year. secondhand red and blue stuff.' Christopher Ikin points out that a des- Christopher wade also points out that they cription such as 'Citizen and Mercer of have been chided for a serious omission in London' (see pp 14 and 19) does not the list of 'close relations to famous necessarily imply that the deceased traded people' which includes such people as the as a mercer. The phrase could merely mean aunt of Jane Austen etc. He says that they that he obtained his Freedom of London by have missed out the mother of Joan Collins! being a liveryman of the Mercers' Company. HENDON CELEBRATES Dionys Moore enjoyed the book thoroughly but points out one error on p54 where her Every now and then we have reported on the grandfather's and father's tombstones are activities of our colleagues, the Hendon described as being of corrposition stone. and District Archaeological Society, who They were, in fact, of Hopton Wood Stone. have recently completed their long exca- vation on West Heath. Members will be E.E.F. Smith, Secretary of the Clapham interested to learn that at the Church Farm Antiquarian Society says that the public- House Museum at Greyhound Hill, Hendon, is ation 'is an admirable example of what every an exhibition called one Man's Archaeology, London parish should produce, but alas all which celebrates 25 years of the Society. too often the will and the enthusiasm are It runs until 7th December. not there'. The Museum is open weekdays l0am-lpm and He reports that a few Clapham folk were 2pm-5.30pm, but on Tuesdays from l0am-lpm buried in Hampstead churchyard. They in- only. On Sunday it is open 2pm-5.30pm. cluded Sir James Mackintosh, a Scots phil- Admission is free. osopher and barrister (1763-1832) who died from swallowing a chicken bone. THE LAST MILLENNIUM One of the last Millennium events at the J.L. Wood writes to enlarge an entry for his Hamptead Museum, Burgh House, is one called grandfather W.P. Ryan who is described as a Artists in Hampstead, which is a 'Papal zouave' on his tombstone. Buried in biographical retrospective. Admission is Hanpstead quotes Chamber's Dictionary in free and it runs from October 4th to defining zouaves as 'French infantry of December 19th. great dash, originally Algerians, wearing a quasi-Moorish dress'. The Exhibition has been chosen by Christopher and Diana Wade and it in- Mr Wood points out that the Chamber's defi- cludes 150 artists. Displayed will be a nition is not directly relevant to the reproduction of at least one picture per Papal zouaves. The French general Clausel, artist and details of their residences. marechal de France and governor of Algeria, formed a native regiment in Algeria in the The annual Meeting of the Friends of Burgh 1830s and called them zouaves from the name House is on November 19th at 8pm. The of the zwawa tribe which was the chief speaker will be our own President, Dr Ann source of recruitment. They were given an Saunders. Ottoman kind of uniform, short jacket, baggy trousers, gaiters and a fez kind of THE SOCIETY cap, with a cockade. This Newsletter is published by the Camden History Society, c/o swiss Cottage Library, However, the Papal zouaves were a unit A.venue Road, NW3. It is edited by John formed to defend the Papal States against Richardson, 32 Ellington Street, N7, to the Garibaldini, and recruited from whom all contributions should be sent. catholic areas - Ireland, Bavaria etc, in te 1860s. W.P. Ryan was a publisher who The secretary of the Society is Mrs Jane was recruited late in the 60s. The Irish Ramsay, the Treasurer Christopher were intended to have a fine green and gold sanham, and the Editor of the Review is Dr John Gage, all of whom may be written to at the swiss Cottage Library.