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Heroes and Villains : Creating National History in Contemporary Ukraine / David R
i HEROES AND VILLAINS iii HEROES AND VILLAINS Creating National History in Contemporary Ukraine David R. Marples Central European University Press Budapest • New York iv © 2007 by David R. Marples Published in 2007 by Central European University Press An imprint of the Central European University Share Company Nádor utca 11, H-1051 Budapest, Hungary Tel: +36-1-327-3138 or 327-3000 Fax: +36-1-327-3183 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.ceupress.com 400 West 59th Street, New York NY 10019, USA Tel: +1-212-547-6932 Fax: +1-646-557-2416 E-mail: [email protected] Cover photograph: Lubomyr Markevych All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the permission of the Publisher. ISBN 978-963-7326-98-1 cloth Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Marples, David R. Heroes and villains : creating national history in contemporary Ukraine / David R. Marples. -- 1st ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-9637326981 (cloth : alk. paper) 1. Ukraine--History--1921-1944--Historiography. 2. Ukraine--History--1944-1991-- Historiography. 3. Orhanizatsiia ukraïns’kykh natsionalistiv--History. 4. Ukraïns’ka povstans’ka armiia--History. 5. Historiography--Ukraine. 6. Nationalism--Ukraine. 7. Collective memory--Ukraine. I. Title. DK508.833.M367 2007 947.7'0842--dc22 2007030636 Printed in Hungary by Akaprint v In memory of a good friend, David W. J. Reid (1930–2006) vii CONTENTS Preface ............................................................................................................ ix Acknowledgements ........................................................................................ xxi Chapter 1: Independent Ukraine Reviews the Past .................................... 1 Chapter 2: The Famine of 1932–33 ............................................................ -
Antisemitism Without Jews and Without Antisemites
ALINA CA£A ANTISEMITISM WITHOUT JEWS AND WITHOUT ANTISEMITES The problem of antisemitism was a major factor bearing on the attitudes of Europeans toward Jews from the end of 19th century. It also strongly influenced the political scene of Poland between the two world wars. To a certain degree it has been poisoning Polish public life ever since. In Poland, which was once home to the largest community of Jews in the world (over 3 million people in 1939), the Jewish population has shrunk to about 6,000 Jews (registered in Jewish religious and secular organisa- tions) and 10,000 to 15,000 people of Jewish origin.1 Contemporary polit- ical antisemitism cannot be justified by any ethnic or economic conflict. There is simply no substance for such conflict. There is no “Jewish ques- tion” in this sense, as it was understood before World War II. The vigour of antisemitic sentiments remains a puzzling fact, for it seems to be anti- semitism without Jews. In my puzzlement I turned to a sociological survey that was conducted in 1992 by the Jewish Historical Institute with the co-operation of the Sociology Dept. of Warsaw University and under the guidance of Prof. Ireneusz Krzeminski.2 Below I will present some results of the survey.3 I would like to present also some basic characteristics of the phenomenon in Poland in the last 3 years (1999–2001). They are the results of the program of monitoring antisemitism, sponsored by the Research Support Scheme of the Open Society Foundation4, which has been completed in 2002. -
Nationalism As a Social Imaginary: Negotiations of Social Signification and (Dis)Integrating Discourses in Britain, France and Poland Pascal-Yan Sayegh
Nationalism as a Social Imaginary: Negotiations of Social Signification and (Dis)Integrating Discourses in Britain, France and Poland Pascal-Yan Sayegh To cite this version: Pascal-Yan Sayegh. Nationalism as a Social Imaginary: Negotiations of Social Signification and (Dis)Integrating Discourses in Britain, France and Poland. Political science. Université Jean Moulin - Lyon III, 2011. English. tel-00617618v3 HAL Id: tel-00617618 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00617618v3 Submitted on 29 Nov 2011 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. DOCTORAT D’ÉTUDES TRANSCULTURELLES Pascal Yan SAYEGH NATIONALISM AS A SOCIAL IMAGINARY: NEGOTIATIONS OF SOCIAL SIGNIFICATION AND (DIS)INTEGRATING DISCOURSES IN BRITAIN, FRANCE AND POLAND DIRECTEUR DE THÈSE Gregory B. LEE, Professeur, Université de Lyon – Jean Moulin CODIRECTEUR DE THÈSE Bo PETERSSON, Professeur, Malmö University Institut d'Études Transtextuelles et Transculturelles, Université de Lyon – Jean Moulin Avec la coopération du Centre for European Studies, Lund University – Contents – Contents -
America to Poland: Cultural Transfers and Adaptations
European journal of American studies 13-3 | 2018 Special Issue: America to Poland: Cultural Transfers and Adaptations Édition électronique URL : https://journals.openedition.org/ejas/13498 DOI : 10.4000/ejas.13498 ISSN : 1991-9336 Éditeur European Association for American Studies Référence électronique European journal of American studies, 13-3 | 2018, « Special Issue: America to Poland: Cultural Transfers and Adaptations » [En ligne], mis en ligne le 07 décembre 2018, consulté le 08 juillet 2021. URL : https://journals.openedition.org/ejas/13498 ; DOI : https://doi.org/10.4000/ejas.13498 Ce document a été généré automatiquement le 8 juillet 2021. European Journal of American studies 1 SOMMAIRE Introduction America to Poland: Cultural Transfers and Adaptations Piotr Skurowski et Agnieszka Pantuchowicz Coming Out in Poland Tomasz Basiuk Americanizations of Holocaust Memory and Museum Aesthetic Experience Karolina Krasuska Figurations of Attachment in Sylvia Plath and Halina Poświatowska Agnieszka Pantuchowicz Will You Awaken When Your Netflix No Longer Works? American Films, Television Productions and Social Transformations in Poland Mirosław Filiciak Dances with Westerns in Poland’s Borderlands Piotr Skurowski A Train to Hollywood: Porno-Chic in the Polish Cinema of the Late 1980s Karol Jachymek African-American Music in the Service of White Nationalists: Polish “Patriotic Rap” as a Pop Cultural Tool to Promote National Values Piotr Majewski The Polish Superheroes Have Arrived!: On the Popularity of Superhero Stories and Adaptations Emma -
Between Hatred and Nostalgia J Creating a New Vision of Polish Jewry in the Third Polish Republic (1995–2005)
N Between hatred and nostalgia J Creating a new vision of Polish Jewry in the Third Polish Republic (1995–2005) Alix Landgrebe DOI: 10.30752/nj.85147 Abstract • This article discusses the revival of Polish national thought from the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. I demonstrate how the so-called Jewish question influenced the debate and the vision of Jewry in Poland after 1989 and how it was used to create a new national identity. I outline why the so-called Jewish question was so crucial in Polish national debates. Furthermore, I demon- strate how the Polish Jewish past was portrayed and commemorated in the Third Polish Republic. This research focuses upon the period of Aleksander Kwasniewski’s presidency (1995–2005), during which the famous debate about the pogrom in Jedwabne took place. I presented the original version of this article as a paper in January 2019 at a conference in Stockholm entitled ‘Jews in Middle Eastern Europe after the Downfall of the Wall in 1989’, organised by Paideia, The European Institute for Jewish Studies in Sweden. National identity in post-Communist Poland or assimilate. In the nineteenth century, while Poles were fighting to regain an independent Following the end of socialism, the need to state, many Polish intellectuals reflected on the recreate national identity was crucial within question of how to cope with ethnic diversity Polish society. Nationalism had been officially in their country. After the Second World War, condemned throughout decades of socialist Poland had become a country with a homoge- rule. As a result, nationalist traditions expe- neous ethnic population: a radical change in rienced a revival in the 1990s. -
Introduction, So Poland Be Polish
An Anthology of the Nationalist Underground Press “Poland had to wait for one thousand years for the appearance of the slogan that the Commonwealth should be inhabited solely by the Poles. It was only the Soviet agentura that advanced and implemented this slogan here; we will not encounter it proposed by any Polish thinker.”1 Adam Doboszy ński Introduction This is the first-ever anthology of the Polish nationalist underground press between 1939 and 1949. In other words, we shall concentrate on the clandestine press and publications of Poland’s Right-wing nationalist movement ( ruch narodowy , Endecja ). The objective is to show Polish nationalism and its purveyors under the most extreme of conditions: during the German and Soviet occupations. Initially, we expected to encounter rabid ideological Polish nationalist extremism. Instead, we discovered that the underground nationalist thought was, given the context of the era, paradoxically quite pluralistic, interestingly multifaceted, and rather moderate in comparison with other surrounding nationalisms and competing radical currents, in particular racist national socialism and communism. The chronological framework of the anthology is, on the one hand, the outbreak of the Second World War and, on the other, the destruction of the last large outfits of the nationalist underground by the Communists. In Part One we shall summarize the ideology and practice of Polish nationalism. We shall discuss both the history and the organizational forms of the nationalist movement and we shall also establish the chronological and thematic framework. We shall then describe how the nationalist movement functioned in the underground (1939– 1949) and in its general historical context. -
The Constitution of 3 May 1791 Testament of the Polish‑Lithuanian Commonwealth
Richard Butterwick The Constitution of 3 May 1791 Testament of the Polish ‑Lithuanian Commonwealth The Constitution of 3 May 1791 MUZEUM HISTORII POLSKI Richard Butterwick The Constitution of 3 May 1791 Testament of the Polish ‑Lithuanian Commonwealth Warsaw 2021 This book is published in collaboration with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Republic of Poland Published in Poland by Polish History Museum 33/35 Mokotowska Street, 00-560 Warsaw www.muzhp.pl © 2021 by Muzeum Historii Polski and Richard Butterwick RevieweR Andrzej Krzysztof Link-Lenczowski executive editoR Anna Kalinowska copy editoR Anne-Marie Fabianowska Maps Anna Bilny-Sachanowicz index Anna Krześniak GRaphic desiGn Studio Format First edition Printed by akapit, 3 Węglowa Street, 20-481 Lublin All rights reserved isBn 978-83-65248-47-3 (Pbk) 978-83-65248-48-0 (eBook) Is it better to live in perilous liberty or in tranquil servitude? (after Sallust) Contents Preface /9 Foreword to the English edition /13 List of illustrations /17 List of maps /19 Glossary /21 1. Symbols /25 2. The Commonwealth: Greatness and Decline /33 3. The Perils of Change /57 4. The Great Sejm /75 5. The Revolution of 3 and 5 May 1791 /97 6. The Law on Government /113 7. Absolute Monarchy or Orderly Liberty? /131 8. Evaluations /155 Further reading /167 Notes /173 Index /179 Preface The eighteenth century was a truly tragic period in Polish history. Beginning with the Great Northern War, it saw the successive acts of a drama: marches by foreign troops, the disintegration of the political system, domestic conflicts, often fuelled and exploited by foreign powers, the tragic Bar Confederacy, betrayal, and finally the three partitions and the collapse and elimination of the Polish-Lithuanian state from the map of Europe. -
Heroes and Villains Creating National History in Contemporary Ukraine
Heroes and Villains Creating National History in Contemporary Ukraine David R. Marples Publisher: Central European University Press Year of publication: 2007 Published on OpenEdition Books: 23 January 2013 Serie: CEUP collection Electronic ISBN: 9786155211355 http://books.openedition.org Printed version ISBN: 9789637326981 Number of pages: 386 Electronic reference MARPLES, David R. Heroes and Villains: Creating National History in Contemporary Ukraine. New edition [online]. Budapest: Central European University Press, 2007 (generated 03 mai 2019). Available on the Internet: <http://books.openedition.org/ceup/523>. ISBN: 9786155211355. © Central European University Press, 2007 Terms of use: http://www.openedition.org/6540 David R. Marples HEROES ANDVILLAINS Creating National History in Contemporary Ukraine i HEROES AND VILLAINS iii HEROES AND VILLAINS Creating National History in Contemporary Ukraine David R. Marples Central European University Press Budapest • New York iv © 2007 by David R. Marples Published in 2007 by Central European University Press An imprint of the Central European University Share Company Nádor utca 11, H-1051 Budapest, Hungary Tel: +36-1-327-3138 or 327-3000 Fax: +36-1-327-3183 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.ceupress.com 400 West 59th Street, New York NY 10019, USA Tel: +1-212-547-6932 Fax: +1-646-557-2416 E-mail: [email protected] Cover photograph: Lubomyr Markevych All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the permission of the Publisher. ISBN 978-963-7326-98-1 cloth Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Marples, David R. -
Poland on Trial: Postwar Courts, Sovietization, and the Holocaust, 1944-1956
Poland on Trial: Postwar Courts, Sovietization, and the Holocaust, 1944-1956 By Andrew Wei-Yuan Kornbluth A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor John Connelly, chair Professor Yuri Slezkine Professor Jason Wittenberg Spring 2016 Copyright © 2016 by Andrew Wei-Yuan Kornbluth All Rights Reserved. Abstract Poland on Trial: Postwar Courts, Sovietization, and the Holocaust, 1944-1956 by Andrew Wei-Yuan Kornbluth Doctor of Philosophy in History University of California, Berkeley Professor John Connelly, Chair This dissertation addresses the quandary of how the law can serve many different purposes and yet not the one we most closely associate it with – justice. Specifically, it examines how Poland, renowned as Europe’s only occupied country “without a Quisling,” confronted the paradox of otherwise upstanding citizens who betrayed, robbed, and murdered tens of thousands of their Jewish neighbors in hiding during the Nazi occupation. Far from being a footnote, the machinations over the fate of the defendants – in Poland and throughout Europe – were central to the negotiation of a new social contract in the wake of the war’s ethnic cleansing and property transfer. As a rare venue not corrupted by the Stalinization overtaking Poland, the judicial system held the trials in accordance with high European standards. But with the public awaiting absolution, the hated Soviet-backed government hoping to win a degree of legitimacy, and the few surviving Jewish voices marginalized by resurgent anti-Semitism, debates over the law gradually became vehicles for the expression of colonial anxieties and the establishment of a hierarchy of victimhood. -
Thesis2021 Beckham
Long Live Death: Violence & Martyrdom in Eastern Europe’s Fascist Movements, the Legion of the Archangel Michael & National Democracy, 1919–1933 Hadden Holly Beckham An Undergraduate Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts with Honors April 2021 Department of History Mount Holyoke College South Hadley, Massachusetts During the process of writing this dissertation I have received a great deal of support and assistance. Thank you to my thesis advisor and mentor for the past four years, Professor Jeremy King, for encouraging my interest in the Legion of the Archangel Michael and pushing me to be more ambitious with my writing. His thoughtful insight and unwavering support have aided me in analyzing history from new perspectives and in becoming a better and more confident writer. This project could not have happened without his encouragement. Writing a thesis in the midst of an international pandemic has not been easy. Therefore, I am eternally grateful to the supportive community who surrounded me during this process. Thank you to my dear friend Alänah Smith-Timberlake for her assistance, unconditional care, and cheering me up every day. Her positive energy and constant encouragement helped me persevere through self-doubt and frustration. I express great gratitude to my dear friend Francesca B. Mărie who helped me translate Ion Moța’s articles, provided invaluable insight into Romanian society, and cheered me on. Her sharp insights into Romanian history, culture, and Eastern Orthodoxy helped me gain a deeper understanding of interwar Romania and the Legion. Lastly, thank you to my parents, whose unconditional love and encouragement helped me overcome anxiety and discouragement to complete this project. -
Ben Stanley 1 Defenders of the Cross: Populist Politics And
Ben Stanley 1 Defenders of the Cross: Populist Politics and Religion in Post-Communist Poland Draft chapter prepared for "Saving the People: How Populists Hijack Religion" (eds. Duncan McDonnell, Nadia Marzouki, Olivier Roy): not for citation, quotation or dissemination. The politics of religious identity was of major importance to Poland’s ‘populist turn’ of 2005-2007 and to the reorientation of Poland’s nascent party system thereafter. Populism relies not only on the identification of an antagonistic relationship between the elite and the people; it also posits a moral dichotomy between an inauthentic, illegitimate and corrupt elite, and an authentic, legitimate and honest people.1 The success of populism depends on the ability of political entrepreneurs to appeal to voters on the basis of this dichotomy. Religions have a number of attributes that make them powerful tools of populist mobilisation. They express and communicate a clear distinction between good and evil that corresponds with the moral dichotomy at the heart of populism. They create and perpetuate communities on the basis of emotional ties and rituals. They often possess organisational structures that furnish the means and motivation for grassroots organisation. While religion alone does not account for why populism became an important factor in Polish party politics, the appeal to an inward-looking and nation-centric brand of Catholicism was one of its leading characteristics. This chapter explains how religion and the politics of religious identity and values interacted with populism, and with what consequences. The first section briefly outlines the emergence of Polish populism in the second decade of transition.