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Home , Baptisia tinctoria, Brassica oleracea, Hobomok skipper, Tridens flavus, Zabulon skipper

and coevolved Learn more from to support each other’s life cycles. Holden Forests & Gardens Plants employ the help of butterflies to transfer Learn from our experts to help your neighborhood pollen to other plants of the same resulting bloom with beauty. Classes at Holden Forests & in reproduction and fertilization of a seed. Butterflies Gardens spread a love of plants to people of all use plants for food and protection, and many have skill levels, or engage them with other growth special relationships with plants that they lay their opportunities. eggs on and serve as food for the hatched caterpillars. Visit holdenfg.org for current class offerings. A strong population requires a diverse, native community, which contributes to a healthy ecosystem for all living things to thrive on. Become a member Become a member of Holden Forests & Gardens and enjoy all that the Holden Arboretum and Cleveland Butterfly Life Cycle Botanical Garden have to offer. Enjoy free, year- round admission to both of our campuses including admission to the Kalberer Family Tower and Murch 1 Canopy Walk at the Arboretum and seasonal shows such as Glow and our annual orchid show at the Botanical Garden. Membership also includes off- hours daylight access to the Arboretum, discounts on classes and store purchases, and free admission ARLENE & ARTHUR S. HOLDEN JR. 4 to over 300 participating gardens, arboreta and conservatories through the American Horticultural BUTTERFLY GARDEN Society’s Reciprocal Admission Program. Visit holdenfg.org for more information. HOST PLANT LIST AND

References SMARTPHONE TOUR Brock, Jim P. and Kenn Kaufman. 2003. Butterflies of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, N.Y. Daniels, Jaret C. 2004. Butterflies of Ohio. Adventure Publications, Inc. Cambridge, M.N. Glassberg, Jeffrey. 2017. A Swift Guide to Butterflies of North America. Princeton University Press. Princeton, N.J. Parshall, Dave and Jim Davidson. 2009. Butterflies The caterpillar then makes and Skippers of Ohio. Division of Wildlife. 3 itself a chrysalis. It will stay as a pupa for 5 to 21 days Tallamy, Doug. 2009. Bringing Nature Home. Timber Press, Inc. as it metamorphizes. Wagner, David L. 2005. Caterpillars of Eastern North America. Princeton University Press. Princeton, N.J.

After 4-10 days, eggs hatch and 2 caterpillars emerge. They eat the host plant’s for 2 to 30 months and enlarge in size.

9550 SPERRY ROAD, KIRTLAND, OHIO 44094 HOLDENFG.ORG

HOST PLANT LIST AND SMARTPHONE TOUR How to use this brochure Bronze Copper Baltimore Checkerspot Red Spotted Purple Dreamy Duskywing buckwheat family white turtlehead black cherry (Prunus willow family (Salicaceae) • Use to discover a butterfly’s favorite (Polygonaceae) (Chelone glabra) serotina), poplars and including: willows (Salix host plants. Plant them in your yard or in a including: sorrels and aspens (Populus spp.), spp.) and poplars (Populus pot to attract butterflies. docks (Rumex spp.) Question Mark American Elm (Ulmus willows (Salix spp.) spp.), oaks (Quercus spp.) • Explore the special relationships Coral Hairstreak americana), red Viceroy Common Sootywing between native host plants and local rose family (Rosaceae) elm (Ulmus rubra), cottonwood (Populus amaranths (Amaranthus butterflies. What can host plants tell black cherry (Prunus Siberian elm (Ulmus deltoides), pussy spp.) and lamb’s-quarters us about our favorite butterflies? serotina), American pumila), hackberry willow (Salix discolor), (Chenopodium album) Host plants marked with this plum (Prunus americana) (Celtis occidentalis) black willow (Salix Least symbol are stops on a self-guided oak family (Fagaceae) nigra), sandbar willow tour through the garden. Look for including: white oak Eastern Comma rice cut grass (Leersia nettle family (Salix interior) these signs and scan the QR code (Quercus alba) oryzoides), prairie (Uriticaceae), elm to access each stop’s information. Hackberry Emperor cord grass (Spartina Gray Hairstreak family (Ulmaceae), hops hackberry (Celtis pectinata), switch pea family () (Humulus lupulus) occidentalis) grasses (Panicum spp.) including: wild senna Host Plant List Sulphur and White (Senna hebecarpa), bush Mourning Cloak Monarch European Skipper Family (Pieridae) clovers (Lespedeza spp.) black willow (Salix nigra), milkweed timothy grass This list is organized Siberian elm (Ulmus (Phleum pratense) White mallows (Malva spp.) (Asclepias spp.) by butterfly groups. pumila), American elm mustard family Northern Pearly Eye Peck’s Skipper Eastern Tailed Blue (Ulmus americana) Swallowtail Family () including: pea family (Fabaceae) bottle brush grass rice cut grass (Papilionidae) cabbage ( including: clovers Red Admiral (Elymus hystrix), (Leersia oryzoides) stinging nettles (Urtica oats (Chasmanthium Pipevine Swallowtail oleracea), (Trifolium spp.), bush Northern Broken-Dash dioica), wood nettle pipevine (Brassica oleracea - clover (Lespedeza spp.) latifolium), long switch grass Italica group), brussels (Laportea canadensis) awned wood grass (Aristolochia spp.) Spring /Summer Azure (Panicum spp.) sprout (Brassica American Lady (Brachyelytrum erectum) Zebra Swallowtail flowering dogwood Delaware Skipper oleracea - Gemmifera plantain-leaved pussy Little Wood-Satyr paw paw (Asimina triloba) group), mustards (Cornus florida), black switch grass (Panicum cherry (Prunus serotina), toes (Antennaria Virginia wild rye (Elymus spp.), bluestems Black Swallowtail () wingstem (Verbesina plantaginifolia), fragrant virginicus), orchard grass (Andropogon spp.), parsley family (Apiaceae) Clouded Sulphur, cudweed (Gnaphalium ( glomerata) including: Queen Anne’s alternifolia), sedges (Carex spp.) Orange Sulphur New Jersey tea obtusifolium), burdock Common Wood Nymph lace (Daucus carota), wild pea family (Fabaceae) (Arctium spp.), ironweed parsnip(Pastinaca sativa), (Ceanothus americanus) purple top grass ( Kentucky blue grass ( legumes, including: red (Vernonia spp.) pearly flavus), bluestems fennel (Foeniculum Brushfoot Family pratensis), rice cut grass clover (Trifolium pratense), everlasting (Anaphalis (Andropogon spp.) vulgare), dill (Anethum white clover (T. repens) (Nymphalidae) margaritacea) (Leersia oryzoides), switch graveolens), golden alfalfa (Medicago sativa), American Snout Appalachian Brown grass (Panicum spp.) Alexander (Zizia aurea) Painted Lady lake sedge (Carex wild indigo ( spp.) hackberry (Celtis aster family (Asteraceae) occidentalis) lacustris) Kentucky blue grass Giant Swallowtail West Virginia White including: sunflowers wafer ash (Ptelea toothworts (Cardamine Great Spangled Fritillary (Helianthus spp.), pea Skipper Family (Poa pratensis), love trifoliata), prickly diphylla and Cardamine violets (Viola spp.) family (Fabaeace), mallow (Hesperiidae) grass ( spp.), ash (Zanthoxylum purpletop () concatenata) Aphrodite Fritillary family (Malvaceae) Silver-Spotted Skipper americanum) pea family (Fabaceae) Gossamer-Wing violets (Viola spp.) Common Buckeye Dun Skipper Eastern Tiger Swallowtail including: black locust tussock sedge (Carex Family (Lycaenidae) Meadow Fritillary figwort family ash (Fraxinus spp.), (Scrophulariaceae), (Robinia pseudoacacia), stricta), lake sedge American Copper violets (Viola spp.) magnolias (Magnolia spp.), plantain family honey locust (Gleditsia (Carex lacustris) buckwheat family tuliptree (Liriodendron Pearl Crescent (Plantaginaceae), triacanthos), hog peanut (Polygonaceae) Wild Indigo Duskywing tulipifera), black cherry asters (Symphyotrichum acanthus family (Amphicarpaea bracteata) including: sorrels and blue false indigo (Baptisia (Prunus serotina) spp.) including: (Acanthaceae) including: Southern Cloudywing australis), wild indigo docks (Rumex spp.) New England aster Spicebush Swallowtail prairie petunia pea family (Fabaceae) (Baptisia tinctoria) sassafras (Sassafras (Symphyotrichum (Ruellia humilis) including: tick trefoils novae-angliae) albidum), spicebush (Desmodium spp.), bush (Lindera benzoin) clover (Lespedeza spp.)