Modified Gravitational Backgrounds: Horndeski's Theory and Non
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Search for New Physics with Top Quark Pairs in the Fully Hadronic Final State at the ATLAS Experiment
Dissertation submitted to the Combined Faculties of the Natural Sciences and Mathematics of the Ruperto-Carola-University of Heidelberg, Germany for the degree of Doctor of Natural Sciences Put forward by Mathis Kolb born in Heidelberg Oral examination: November 21, 2018 Search for new physics with top quark pairs in the fully hadronic final state at the ATLAS experiment Referees: Prof. Dr. André Schöning Prof. Dr. Tilman Plehn Search for new physics with top quark pairs in the fully hadronic final state at the ATLAS experiment Fully hadronic final states containing top quark pairs (tt) are investigated using proton- proton collision data at a center of mass energy of 13 TeV recorded in 2015 and 2016 by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. The bucket algorithm suppresses the large combinatorial background and is used to identify and reconstruct the tt system. It is applied in three analyses. A model independent search for new heavy particles decaying to tt using 36 fb−1 of data is presented. The analysis concentrates on an optimization of sensitivity at tt masses below 1:3 TeV. No excess from the Standard Model prediction is observed. Thus, upper limits at 95% C.L. are set on the production cross section times branching ratio of 0 benchmark signal models excluding e.g. a topcolor assisted technicolor ZTC2 in the mass range from 0:59 TeV to 1:25 TeV. The prospects of a search for the production of the Higgs boson in association with tt using 33 fb−1 of data recorded solely in 2016 are studied. -
Branched Hamiltonians and Supersymmetry
Branched Hamiltonians and Supersymmetry Thomas Curtright, University of Miami Wigner 111 seminar, 12 November 2013 Some examples of branched Hamiltonians are explored, as recently advo- cated by Shapere and Wilczek. These are actually cases of switchback poten- tials, albeit in momentum space, as previously analyzed for quasi-Hamiltonian dynamical systems in a classical context. A basic model, with a pair of Hamiltonian branches related by supersymmetry, is considered as an inter- esting illustration, and as stimulation. “It is quite possible ... we may discover that in nature the relation of past and future is so intimate ... that no simple representation of a present may exist.” – R P Feynman Based on work with Cosmas Zachos, Argonne National Laboratory Introduction to the problem In quantum mechanics H = p2 + V (x) (1) is neither more nor less difficult than H = x2 + V (p) (2) by reason of x, p duality, i.e. the Fourier transform: ψ (x) φ (p) ⎫ ⎧ x ⎪ ⎪ +i∂/∂p ⎪ ⇐⇒ ⎪ ⎬⎪ ⎨⎪ i∂/∂x p − ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎭⎪ ⎩⎪ This equivalence of (1) and (2) is manifest in the QMPS formalism, as initiated by Wigner (1932), 1 2ipy/ f (x, p)= dy x + y ρ x y e− π | | − 1 = dk p + k ρ p k e2ixk/ π | | − where x and p are on an equal footing, and where even more general H (x, p) can be considered. See CZ to follow, and other talks at this conference. Or even better, in addition to the excellent books cited at the conclusion of Professor Schleich’s talk yesterday morning, please see our new book on the subject ... Even in classical Hamiltonian mechanics, (1) and (2) are equivalent under a classical canonical transformation on phase space: (x, p) (p, x) ⇐⇒ − But upon transitioning to Lagrangian mechanics, the equivalence between the two theories becomes obscure. -
Extraordinary Year for Gates Graduate Awards P.3 Staff Awards & Luncheon P.4 in January, President Obama Named Sylvester James Gates, Jr
the ONLINE PHOTONNEWSLETTER FROM UMD DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS 2012‐2013 Ryan K Morris/Naonal Science & Technology Medals Foundaon this issue AAAS Fellows P.2 Extraordinary Year for Gates Graduate Awards P.3 Staff Awards & Luncheon P.4 In January, President Obama named Sylvester James Gates, Jr. as one of this New Faces P.5 year's recipients of the Naonal Medal of Science. The Naonal Medal of Science and the Naonal Medal of Technology and Innovaon are the highest honors be‐ stowed by the United States Government upon sciensts, engineers and inven‐ Gates on C‐SPAN’s Q & A tors. The honor was one of four in an extraordinary year for Gates. Most recently, Gates was awarded the 2013 Mendel Medal by Villanova Universi‐ Jim Gates discusses science educaon, string theory, working ty. The honor recognizes pioneering sciensts who have demonstrated, by their with the President almost becom‐ lives and their standing before the world as sciensts, that there is no intrinsic ing an astronaut and being mistak‐ conflict between science and religion. Addionally, Gates was one of 84 U.S. re‐ en for Morgan Freeman on C‐ searchers and 21 foreign associates elected to the Naonal Academy of Science. SPAN’s Q & A The interview Elecon to the academy is considered one of the highest honors that can be ac‐ transcript is available on the Q & A website or watch the video at corded a U.S. scienst or engineer. And in January he was named a University Sys‐ tem of Maryland (USM) Regents Professor, the System's most prominent faculty hp://www.c‐spanvideo.org/ recognion. -
N = 1 Field Theory Duality from M-Theory
hep-th/9708015 BUHEP-97-23 N = 1 Field Theory Duality from M-theory Martin Schmaltz and Raman Sundrum Department of Physics Boston University Boston, MA 02215, USA [email protected], [email protected] Abstract We investigate Seiberg’s N = 1 field theory duality for four-dimensional super- symmetric QCD with the M-theory 5-brane. We find that the M-theory configuration for the magnetic dual theory arises via a smooth deformation of the M-theory config- arXiv:hep-th/9708015v2 27 Aug 1997 uration for the electric theory. The creation of Dirichlet 4-branes as Neveu-Schwarz 5-branes are passed through each other in Type IIA string theory is given a nice derivation from M-theory. 1 Introduction In the last few years there has been tremendous progress in understanding supersym- metric gauge dynamics and the remarkable phenomenon of electric-magnetic duality [1, 2]. Most of the results were first guessed at within field theory and then checked to satisfy many non-trivial consistency conditions. However, the organizing principle behind these dualities has always been somewhat mysterious from the field theoretic perspective. Recently there has arisen a fascinating connection between supersymmetric gauge dynamics and string theory brane dynamics [3] which has the potential for unifying our understanding of these dualities [4-13]. This stems from our ability to set up configurations of branes in string theory with supersymmetric gauge field theories living on the world-volumes of branes in the low-energy limit. The moduli spaces of the gauge field theories are thereby encoded geometrically in the brane set-up. -
Curriculum Vitae
CURRICULUM VITAE Raman Sundrum July 26, 2019 CONTACT INFORMATION Physical Sciences Complex, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 Office - (301) 405-6012 Email: [email protected] CAREER John S. Toll Chair, Director of the Maryland Center for Fundamental Physics, 2012 - present. Distinguished University Professor, University of Maryland, 2011-present. Elkins Chair, Professor of Physics, University of Maryland, 2010-2012. Alumni Centennial Chair, Johns Hopkins University, 2006- 2010. Full Professor at the Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University, 2001- 2010. Associate Professor at the Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hop- kins University, 2000- 2001. Research Associate at the Department of Physics, Stanford University, 1999- 2000. Advisor { Prof. Savas Dimopoulos. 1 Postdoctoral Fellow at the Department of Physics, Boston University. 1996- 1999. Postdoc advisor { Prof. Sekhar Chivukula. Postdoctoral Fellow in Theoretical Physics at Harvard University, 1993-1996. Post- doc advisor { Prof. Howard Georgi. Postdoctoral Fellow in Theoretical Physics at the University of California at Berke- ley, 1990-1993. Postdoc advisor { Prof. Stanley Mandelstam. EDUCATION Yale University, New-Haven, Connecticut Ph.D. in Elementary Particle Theory, May 1990 Thesis Title: `Theoretical and Phenomenological Aspects of Effective Gauge Theo- ries' Thesis advisor: Prof. Lawrence Krauss Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island Participant in the 1988 Theoretical Advanced Summer Institute University of Sydney, Australia B.Sc with First Class Honours in Mathematics and Physics, Dec. 1984 AWARDS, DISTINCTIONS J. J. Sakurai Prize in Theoretical Particle Physics, American Physical Society, 2019. Distinguished Visiting Research Chair, Perimeter Institute, 2012 - present. 2 Moore Fellow, Cal Tech, 2015. American Association for the Advancement of Science, Fellow, 2011. -
Supergravity on the Brane
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by CERN Document Server Supergravity on the Brane A. Chamblin∗∗ & G.W. Gibbons DAMTP, Silver Street, Cambridge, CB3 9EW, England (November 23, 1999) We show that smooth domain wall spacetimes supported by a scalar field separating two anti- de-Sitter like regions admit a single graviton bound state. Our analysis yields a fully non-linear supergravity treatment of the Randall-Sundrum model. Our solutions describe a pp-wave propa- gating in the domain wall background spacetime. If the latter is BPS, our solutions retain some supersymmetry. Nevertheless, the Kaluza-Klein modes generate \pp curvature" singularities in the bulk located where the horizon of AdS would ordinarily be. 12.10.-g, 11.10.Kk, 11.25.M, 04.50.+h DAMTP-1999-126 I. INTRODUCTION full dynamics of the domain wall is not treated in detail in the Randall-Sundrum model. In fact gravitating domain walls have a drastic effect on the curvature of the ambi- It has long been thought that any attempt to model ent spacetime and it is not obvious that a simple model the Universe as a single brane embedded in a higher- involving a single collective coordinate representing the dimensional bulk spacetime must inevitably fail because transverse displacement of the domain wall is valid. the gravitational forces experienced by matter on the For these reasons it seems desirable to have a simple brane, being mediated by gravitons travelling in the non-singular model which is exactly solvable. It is the bulk, are those appropriate to the higher dimensional purpose of this note to provide that. -
P. A. M. Dirac and the Maverick Mathematician
Journal & Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales, vol. 150, part 2, 2017, pp. 188–194. ISSN 0035-9173/17/020188-07 P. A. M. Dirac and the Maverick Mathematician Ann Moyal Emeritus Fellow, ANU, Canberra, Australia Email: [email protected] Abstract Historian of science Ann Moyal recounts the story of a singular correspondence between the great British physicist, P. A. M. Dirac, at Cambridge, and J. E. Moyal, then a scientist from outside academia working at the de Havilland Aircraft Company in Britain (later an academic in Australia), on the ques- tion of a statistical basis for quantum mechanics. A David and Goliath saga, it marks a paradigmatic study in the history of quantum physics. A. M. Dirac (1902–1984) is a pre- neering at the Institut d’Electrotechnique in Peminent name in scientific history. In Grenoble, enrolling subsequently at the Ecole 1962 it was my privilege to acquire a set Supérieure d’Electricité in Paris. Trained as of the letters he exchanged with the then a civil engineer, Moyal worked for a period young mathematician, José Enrique Moyal in Tel Aviv but returned to Paris in 1937, (1910–1998), for the Basser Library of the where his exposure to such foundation works Australian Academy of Science, inaugurated as Georges Darmois’s Statistique Mathéma- as a centre for the archives of the history of tique and A. N. Kolmogorov’s Foundations Australian science. This is the only manu- of the Theory of Probability introduced him script correspondence of Dirac (known to to a knowledge of pioneering European stud- colleagues as a very reluctant correspondent) ies of stochastic processes. -
The Interplay Between Natural and Accidental Supersymmetry
THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN NATURAL AND ACCIDENTAL SUPERSYMMETRY by Christopher P. Brust A dissertation submitted to The Johns Hopkins University in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Baltimore, Maryland February, 2014 c Christopher P. Brust 2014 ⃝ All rights reserved Abstract In this thesis, we will explore the subject of the little hierarchy problem which plagues solutions to the big hierarchy problem of the Standard Model of particle physics. In the first half of this thesis, we study the theoretical framework for a supersym- metric resolution of the little hierarchy problem, known as natural supersymmetry, and argue that regions of the parameter space of this model have been missed by search strategies employed at the large hadron collider, but could be searched for with new search strategies. In the second half of this thesis, we explore the possibility of embedding natural supersymmetry in models of warped extra dimensions in order to UV-complete them by utilizing a mechanism known as accidental supersymmetry. We study the mech- anism of accidental supersymmetry in the Randall-Sundrum framework by focusing on a toy model, and argue that accidental supersymmetry is capable solving the little hierarchy problem in that toy model. Finally, as models in the Randall-Sundrum framework themselves require UV completions, we demonstrate that it is possible to ii ABSTRACT realize the mechanism of accidental supersymmetry within the UV-complete frame- work of type IIB superstring theory. iii Acknowledgments I would first like to thank my advisor, Raman Sundrum, for his continual support, useful advice, collaboration and friendship over the duration of my time at Johns Hopkins. -
Abstract a Natural Extension of Standard Warped Higher
ABSTRACT Title of dissertation: A NATURAL EXTENSION OF STANDARD WARPED HIGHER-DIMENSIONAL COMPACTIFICATIONS: THEORY AND PHENOMENOLOGY Sungwoo Hong, Doctor of Philosophy, 2017 Dissertation directed by: Professor Kaustubh Agashe Department of Physics Warped higher-dimensional compactifications with \bulk" standard model, or their AdS/CFT dual as the purely 4D scenario of Higgs compositeness and par- tial compositeness, offer an elegant approach to resolving the electroweak hierar- chy problem as well as the origins of flavor structure. However, low-energy elec- troweak/flavor/CP constraints and the absence of non-standard physics at LHC Run 1 suggest that a \little hierarchy problem" remains, and that the new physics underlying naturalness may lie out of LHC reach. Assuming this to be the case, we show that there is a simple and natural extension of the minimal warped model in the Randall-Sundrum framework, in which matter, gauge and gravitational fields propagate modestly different degrees into the IR of the warped dimension, resulting in rich and striking consequences for the LHC (and beyond). The LHC-accessible part of the new physics is AdS/CFT dual to the mecha- nism of \vectorlike confinement", with TeV-scale Kaluza-Klein excitations of the gauge and gravitational fields dual to spin-0,1,2 composites. Unlike the mini- mal warped model, these low-lying excitations have predominantly flavor-blind and flavor/CP-safe interactions with the standard model. In addition, the usual leading decay modes of the lightest KK gauge bosons into top and Higgs bosons are sup- pressed. This effect permits erstwhile subdominant channels to become significant. -
Consciousness in the Universe According to Phenomenological Structuralism
Journal of Cultural and Social Anthropology Volume 1, Issue 1, 2019, PP 1-9 Consciousness in the Universe According to Phenomenological Structuralism Paul C. Mocombe West Virginia State University, Mocombeian Foundation, Inc. *Corresponding Author: Paul C. Mocombe, West Virginia State University, Mocombeian Foundation, Inc, Email Id: [email protected] ABSTRACT This work highlights the nature and origin of consciousness in the universe according to Paul C. Mocombe’s structurationist theory of phenomenological structuralism. The author, building on the quantum computation of ORCH-OR theory and the multiverse ideas of Haitian ontology/epistemology and quantum mechanics abductively posits that consciousness is a fifth force of nature, a quantum material substance/energy, psychion, the phenomenal property of which is recycled/entangled/superimposed throughout the multiverse and becomes embodied via the microtubules of brains and multiple worlds. It is manifested in simultaneous, entangled, superimposed, and interconnecting material resource frameworks, multiple worlds, as praxis or practical consciousness of organic life, which in-turn becomes the phenomenal properties of material (subatomic particle energy, psychion) consciousness that is recycled throughout the multiverses. Keywords: Structurationism, Praxis, Panpsychism, Social Class Language Game, Phenomenological Structuralism, ORCH-OR Theory INTRODUCTION worlds. The academic literature “describes three possibilities regarding the origin and place of This work highlights the nature -
Doctora Honoris Causa Lisa Randall
Doctora honoris causa Lisa Randall Doctora honoris causa LISA RANDALL Discurs llegit a la cerimònia d’investidura celebrada a la sala d’actes de l’edifici Rectorat el dia 25 de març de l’any 2019 Índex Presentació de Lisa Randall per Àlex Pomarol Clotet 5 Discurs de Lisa Randall 13 Discurs de Margarita Arboix, rectora de la UAB 21 Curriculum vitae de Lisa Randall 27 Acord de Consell de Govern 131 PRESENTACIÓ DE LISA RANDALL PER ÀLEX POMAROL CLOTET És un plaer ser el padrí de la professora Lisa Randall, una persona que ha destacat per les seves contribucions en el camp de la física de partícules Les teories proposades per la professora Lisa Randall han mirat de resoldre alguns dels problemes més importants dins de la física de partícules i han inspirat una àmplia gamma de cerques ex- perimentals, especialment en el gran col·lisionador de partícules LHC del CERN a Ginebra, però també dins de l’àmbit astrofísic, motivades per les seves propostes per l’origen de la matèria fosca de l’univers Tot i això, l’interès de la professora Lisa Randall s’ha estès més enllà de la recerca d’avantguarda i també s’ha centrat a transmetre aquests coneixements al públic general Això ho ha fet possible no sols grà- cies als seus llibres de divulgació sinó també mantenint una estreta col·laboració amb artistes per obrir nous camins per portar al públic les idees científiques. En aquest aspecte, la professora Lisa Randall ha sabut relacionar els coneixements del seu camp amb els de la filosofia, les humanitats i la música, com veurem a continuació Professor -
POTENTIAL CANONICAL FRAMEWORK for QUANTUM-CLASSICAL DYNAMICS MUSTAFA AMIN HEMEIDA Bachelor of Science, Alexandria University, 20
POTENTIAL CANONICAL FRAMEWORK FOR QUANTUM-CLASSICAL DYNAMICS MUSTAFA AMIN HEMEIDA Bachelor of Science, Alexandria University, 2011 A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE in PHYSICS Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Lethbridge LETHBRIDGE, ALBERTA, CANADA © Mustafa Amin Hemeida, 2021 POTENTIAL CANONICAL FRAMEWORK FOR QUANTUM-CLASSICAL DYNAMICS MUSTAFA AMIN HEMEIDA Date of Defence: April 19, 2021 Dr. Mark Walton Professor Ph.D. Thesis Supervisor Dr. Saurya Das Professor Ph.D. Thesis Examination Committee Member Dr. Hadi Kharaghani Professor Ph.D. Thesis Examination Committee Member Dr. Behnam Seyed Mahmoud Associate Professor Ph.D. Chair, Thesis Examination Com- mittee Dedication ú ×B iii Abstract Dynamical brackets lie at the heart of fundamental physical theories. They are Lie brackets that obey the Leibniz rule with respect to a suitable composition product. The pair \composition product" and \dynamical bracket" define a formal dynamical structure that is common to classical and quantum mechanics. Without properties like the Jacobi identity and the Leibniz rule, the consistency of a dynamical framework cannot be guaranteed. This work investigates the possibility of combining quantum and classical dynam- ics into a single, consistent framework. We generalize previous attempts and discuss no-go theorems that assert their inconsistency. We show that the Jacobi identity and Leibniz rule are satisfied provided there exists an associative product for hybrid variables. This condition motivates the construction of associative subalgebras over which quantum-classical dynamics is consistent: perhaps hybrid observables are con- strained to belong to such algebras. If so, only certain interactions between quantum and classical systems would be allowed.