Jalgaon District Is One Part of the Deccan Plateau
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1. INTRODUCTION Background Concern by the slow growth in the agriculture and allied sectors, the National Development Council (NDC) in its meeting held on 29th May 2007. Conceived Special Additional Central Assistant Scheme and passed the resolution to that effect. The National Development Council reaffirmed its committment to achive the rate of 4 % per annum in agriculture and allied sector. The National Development Council also advised the State Governments to prepare Comprehensive District Agriculture Plan (CDAP) that will fully utilise available resourses and will include aligned agriculture sectors. Accordingly the development plan for 12th five year plan was prepaired. However with view to revise it and make it conversent with present situations. Comprehensive District Agriculture Plan (CDAP) is prepared for 2014-15 to 2019-20 Methodology: The methodology of the Comprehensive District Agriculture Plan (C-DAP) should focus on understanding the latent potential for development and identifying initiatives required. These potentials may be treated as goals to be achieved with the available and additional resources. In order to prepare the plan it is necessary to assemble a statistical profile of the district. This will lead to understanding of the development perspective of the district and considering these and the Vision; a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) analysis should be carried out. Here the Strengths across the sectors of the district will be documented followed by the Weaknesses confronted in the existing pattern of development. It will be essential to explore the Opportunities available in the district by providing adequate incentives for groups or individuals. In all these processes, the district plan document must keep in view the probability of Threatsconfronting the district. The Agricultural Planning Units should broadly follow the SWOT analysis as the central tool for developing the document. Development of Agriculture Sector To identify the issues relating to the natural resources as well as input management, keeping in view the Vision. • Land Use • Soil health • Water Resources & Management • Major Crops and Varieties in the District • Input management • Farm Mechanisation/ Farm equipments • Special Projects/ Programmes on- going in the district [1] Constraint Analysis ? Yield gap analysis of major crops. Reasons for Gaps. ? Research/ Extension/ Adoption gaps ? Processing/ Storage/ Marketing gaps ? Existing Institutional Mechanism in the Government Sector. ? Income analysis of various categories of farmers. Recommended interventions for the district, with detailed Action Plan with costs. Projected outcome and Growth Rate during the Next Plan Period. Researchable Issues Allied Agricultural Sectors Allied Sectors of importance/ relevance to the district in order to improve the productivity in these sectors and to offer alternative/ additional opportunities for livelihood systems. The Chapter should emerge out of discussions across different Sectors, in a fully integrated manner. The indicative outline for the Chapter is given below: • Horticulture Development • Sericulture Development • Animal Husbandry • Fisheries Development • Watershed Development • Social Forestry Development • Agro based Rural Development Programmes • Food Processing Units • Development of Rural Industries • Agricultural Marketing • Agricultural Credit • Special Projects/ Programmes on- going in the district Constraint Analysis a. Productivity gap analysis of major crops, and Animal Products and Reasons for Gaps. b. Research/ Extension/ Adoption gaps c. Processing/ Storage/ Marketing gaps d. Existing Institutional Mechanism in the Government Sector. e. Income analysis of various categories of farmers. Interventions now recommended for the district, with detailed costing Projected outcome and Growth Rate during FYP [2] 2. BACKGROUND INFORMATION ABOUT THE DISTRICT This chapter deals with general, geographical and demographic features of the District. It also indicates various facilities and organizations available in the district. A) Location & Boundaries Jalgon district comes under Nashik division of the Maharashtra State. It was initially known as ‘East Khandesh’ This district is situated in mid-basin of Tapi river & surrounded by the basins of sbriver-Girna, Waghur, Agnawati, Bori, Anajani & Mor. The district is surounded by Satpuda hills form North side and Ajantha hills on south & south-west side. The district is located at 20 North Latitude & Longitude of 74.55 to 76.55 East with an altitude of 175 to 325 mt. From mean sea level. (MSL) Jalgaon district is one part of the Deccan plateau. It is glorified by mumerous biodiversity & forest. The district boundaries are marked by Buldhana, Aurangabad, Nasik & Dhule districts & Madyapradesh State. B) Geographical Features I) Location 1. North Latitude 20 to 21 2. East Latitude 74-55 to 76.28 3. Altitude 175-325 Mt. (M.S.L.) C) Climate 1. Minimum Temperature 10.8 C 2. Maximum Temperature 42.2 C 3. 1) Rainfall (m.m.) Normal 702.04 2) Actual (m.m.) 4 Agroclimatic Region & Zone 1) SC Zone VI 2) ARK Zone VII D) Area Administration & Demographic Features Jalgaon district is divided into Six subdivisions namely (Jalgaon, Bhusawal, Pachora, Amalner, Faizpur, Chalisgaon, for revenue and administrative convenience. This district is divided into fifteen Tahasils and fifteen Panchayat Samities for administrative purpose. As per 2011 census there are 1501 villages & 1152 Gram Panchayat. District Population is 42.30 Lacks out of which 68% Populaton lives in rural area. Male to female ratio is 925 Literacy rate is 78.20% Area and Administrative setup [3] 1. Geographical Are (Sq. Kms.) 11638.98 2. No. of Talukas 15 3. No. of Panchayat Samities 15 4. No. ofVillages (inhabited) 1519 5. No. of Villages (Electrified) 1519 6. No. of Villages connected by all weather roads 1519 7. No. of villages having supply of potable water 1485 8. No. of Cities 16 9. Gram Panchayat 1152 E) Population (2011 Census) Sr.No. Male Female Total 1 Rural 1500514 1386692 2887206 2 Urban 696851 645860 1342711 3 Total 2197365 2032552 4229917 1 Population density/per sq.km. 360 2 Families below poverty line 2,78,000 3 Schedule Caste (percentage) 9.20% 4 Schedule Tribe (Percentage) 14.29% 5 Male to Female ratio 1000:925 6 Literacy rate % 78.00 F) Co-operation 1 Co-operative Societies (All) 2 Agri. Primary Co-op. Credit Societies 878 3 Member of Agril Co-op Credit Societies 4 Financial Assistance from Agril. Co.op societies (Rs. Crores) 5 Co-operative milk Societies [4] G) Classification of workers (2011 Census) Sr. Worker Category Number No. 1 Cultivators 358786 2 Agricultural labours 808872 3 Labours in allied agro activities 18000 4 Workers in manufactureing & services from household/cottage industry 37000 5 Workers in manufacturing & services from other than household 6 Workers in quarries 7000 7 Workers in Business 77000 8 Workers in transport & communication 36200 9 Other Miscellaneous workers 77900 [5] Topography Jalgaon district is divided nto two agro climatic zone’s namely Drought prone area and Assured rainfall zone area. Having light to medium soils and fertile medium to heavy soils, respectively. INFRASTRUCTURE OF JALGAON DISTRICT 1) Agriculture As per the land utilization pattern of the district, Jalgaon district has 8.92 lakh ha. Land available for cultivation out of which 7.98 lakh ha. Land is cultivable under different crops. As per available data the surface & well irrigation is upto 2.94 lakh ha. i.e. 17.80% of total cropped area a) Cropping Pattern The district is divided into two agro climatic zones, on is Scarcity zone consisting of 5 block & another one is Assured rainfall zone consisting of 10 blocks. In these zones the cropping pattern is different. Today Jalgaon district is known as Cotton & Banana bowl of the State, as 4 lakh ha area is under cotton & 48000 ha. Area is under Banana crop. These two crops are main cash crops generating major labourr potential. These crops affect the economy of the district. Maze is emaging as another important crop in the distict. In horticulture Pomogranate being the mostt valluaded crop farmers are followeing it Castared apple and lemon and another important crops of district Brinjal and .... are mean vegetable crops of district. Due to increase in irrigated areas rabbi area is increasing. In recent years there in increase in area of cotton, Maize, Soyabean crops and reduction in the crop area of Cereals, Deshi cotton, Sanflower & Seasamum. There is increase in the area of Wheat & Gram crops due to availability of irrigation. b) Fertilizer use Jalgaon district is always I st or II nd in the state for se of fertilizers competing with Kolhapur district. This completion is attached by availability of irrigation. In green revolution there was balanced use of N.P.K. fertilizers. But due to cutting up of the subsidy of complex fertilizer its use is decreased, whereas, use of nitrigenous fertilizers increased which resulted in the imbalance use of fertilizer. This affected the bio-physico chemical properties of the soils. In recent years livestiock raring is also declined. The soils of the district are shot of organic carbon which is below 0.50 due to all these factors the yields of corp are reducing and the expenditure on chemical fertilizer has increased which has resulted in reduction in profit of the farmers. Blockwise fertilizers index is as below. Small holding land, Pest occurrence, irregular electicity supply, rigidity of farmers accept change,