Invasive Alien Species in Jamaica

FAUNA ANIMALS

MAMMALIA Mammals Canis familiaris Dog Capra hircus Goat Felis catus Cat Odocoileus virginianus White-tailed Deer Melogale sp. Ferrets Procyon sp. Raccoons Sus scrofa Wild Hog

Rodentia Rodents Herpestes javanicus Small Indian Mongoose Mus musculus House Mouse Rattus rattus Black/Roof Rat Rattus norvegicus Brown/Norway Rat

AVES Birds Molothrus bonariensis Glossy (Shiny) Cowbird Passer domesticus House Sparrow Sturnus vulgaris Blackbird/Common Starling

REPTILIA Reptiles

Testudinata Turtles Trachemys scripta Red-eared Slider

AMPHIBIA Amphibians

Anura Frogs, Toads Bufo marinus Cane Toad Eleutherodactylus johnstonei Frogs Rana catesbeiana True Bull Frog

PISCES Fish Cichlasoma dovii Wolf Cichlid Clarias batrachus Walking Catfish Cranoglamis sp. Armoured Catfish Cyprinus carpio Common Carp Gambusia sp. Ticki Ticki Hoplosternum littorale Armoured-plated Catfish Oreochromis mossambicus Mozambique Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus niloticus Nile Tilapia Pterygoplichthys paradalis Suckermouth Catfish Xiphophorus helleri Swordtail

ARTHROPODA Arthropods

Insecta Insects Aleurocanthus woglumi Citrus Blackfly Aphelinus diaspidis Golden Chaclid Aphis gossypii Aphis spiraeloa Green Citrus Aphid Aulacorthum circumflexum Bemisia tabaci Sweet Potato Whitefly Brachycaudus helchrysi Cactoblastis cactornum Cactus Moth Cinara atlantica Coccus viridis Green Scale Coelophora inequallis Ladybird Beetle Cosmopolites sordidus Banana Borer Dactylosternum abdominale Dactylosternum hydrophiloides Diatraea sp. Small Moth Borer Dysaphis (Pomaphis) aucupariae Plantago Dysdercus spp. Cotton Stainers Eretmocercus serius Eddy Wasp Greeneidea psidii (formosana) Aphid Heliothrips rubrocinctus Cacao Thrips Hypothenemus hampei Coffee Berry Borer Ips crebicolis (grandicollis) Five-spined Bark Beetle Ips interstisralis (calligraphus) Six-spined Bark Beetle Maconellicoccus hirsutus Pink Hibiscus Mealy Bug Myzus persicae 1 Source: Forestry Department Papilio demoleus Lime Swallowtail Butterfly Pemphigus populitransversus Aphid Placsius avanus Java Beetle Raoiella indica Red Palm Mite Rhopalosiphonius latysiphon Solenopsis invicta Red Imported Fire Ant Tinocallis kahawaloukalani Crape Myrtle Toxoptera citricida Brown/Black Citrus Aphid

Crustacea Crabs Cherax quadricarinatus Australian Red-claw Lobster Macrobrachium rosenbergii Freshwater prawn

MOLLUSCA Molluscs

Bivalvia Clams, Mussel Perna viridis Green Mussel

Gastropoda Melanoides tuberculata Snail Planorbella duryii Snail Sarasinula plebeian ?Slug Subulina octona Miniature Awlsnail Thiara granifera Snail

FLORA PLANTS

Anacardiaceae Cashew family Schinus terebinthifolia Brazilian Pepper Tree

Araceae Alocasia macrorrhiza

Bignoniaceae Spathodea campanulata African Tulip Tree

Caesalpiniaceae Caesalpinia Haematoxylum campechianum Logwood

Casuarinaceae Casuarina equisetifolia Casuarina/Willow

Cyperaceae Cyperus iria C. procerus

Gramineae (Poaceae) Bambusa vulgaris Bamboo Brachiaria decumbens Coix lacryma-jobi Job’s Tears Melinis minutiflora Wynne Grass Panicum maximum Paspalum botteri Guinea Grass Sacciolepis indica Themeda arguens Tregus racemosus Piano Grass

Hydrocharitaceae Hydrilla verticillata Hydrilla

Mimosaceae Acacia mearnsii Black Wattle Adenanthera pavonina Red Bead Tree Calliandra grandiflora Leucaena leucocephala Lead Tree

Myrsinaceae Ardisia solanacea Blackberry

Myrtaceae Eucalyptus sp. Eucalyptus Melaleuca spp. Bottle Brush Psidium cattleianum Strawberry Guava Syzygium jambos Rose Apple

Orchidaceae Zeuxine strateumatica 2 Source: Forestry Department

Papilionaceae (Fabaceae) Bean family Moghania strobilifera Wild Hops Ulex europaeus Gorse

Pittosporaceae Pittosporum undulatum Mock Orange Pittosporum viridiflorum

Polygonaceae Polygonum chinense

Pontederiaceae Eichhornia crassipes Water Hyacinth

Proteaceae Proteas Grevillea robusta Silky Oak

Pteridophytes Ferns Angiopteris erecta Giant Fern Nephrolepis multiflora False Boston Fern Thelypteris dentata Downy Maiden Fern

Rosaceae African Cherry, Stinkwood Rubus ellipticus Cheeseberry Rubus racemosus Black Raspberry

Zingiberaceae Ginger Lily Alpinia allughas Hedychium coccineum Hedychium coronarium White Ginger Lily Hedychium gardneranum

FUNGI Mycospharella fijensis Black Sigatoka Leaf Spot disease Phytophthora cinnamoni Phytophthora Root Rot Fungus

3 Source: Forestry Department Potential Invasive Alien Species – Regional and International

FAUNA ANIMALS

MAMMALIA Mammals Cercopitherus (Chlorocebus) aethiops sabeus Green Monkey/Vervet guenon Cervus elaphus Elk/Red Deer Macaca fascicularis Crab-eating/Long-tailed Macaque Mustela erminea Stoat Vulpes vulpes Red Fox

Rodentia Rodents Oryctolagus cuniculus European Rabbit Myocastor coypus Coypu Sciurus carolinensis Grey Squirrel Trichosurus vulpecula Brushtail Possum

AVES Birds Acridotheres tristis Common Myna/Mynah Pycnonotus cafer Red-vented Bulbul

REPTILIA Reptiles

Serpentes Snakes Boiga irregularis Brown Tree Snake

AMPHIBIA Amphibians

Anura Frogs, Toads Eleutherodactylus coqui Caribbean Tree Frog

PISCES Fish Clarias batrachus Walking Catfish Lates niloticus Nile/Victoria Perch Micropterus salmoides Large-mouth Bass Neogobius melanostomus Round Goby Oncorhynchus mykiss Rainbow Trout Pterois volitans Lionfish Pygocentrus nattererii Piranha Salmo trutta Brown Trout

4 Source: Forestry Department ARTHROPODA Arthropods

Insecta Insects Aedes albopictus Asian Tiger Mosquito Anopheles quadrimaculatus Common Malaria Mosquito Anoplolepis gracilipes Yellow Crazy Ant Anoplophora glabripennis Asian Long-horned Beetle Cinara cupressi Cypress Aphid Coptotermes formosanus Formosan Subterranean Termite Linepithema humile Argentine Ant Lymantria dispar Gypsy Moth Pheidole megacephala Lion/Coastal-brown Ant Trogoderma granarium Khapra Beetle Vespula vulgaris Common Wasp Wasmannia auropunctata West Indian Stinging Ant

Crustacea Crabs Carcinus maenas European Shore Crab/Green Crab Cercopagis pengoi Fishhook Waterflea Eriocheir sinensis Chinese Mitten Crab

MOLLUSCA Molluscs

Bivalvia Clams, Mussel Dreissena polymorpha Zebra Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis Mediterranean Mussel Potamocorbula amurensis Marine Clam

Gastropoda Snails, Conches Achatina fulica Giant African Snail Euglandina rosea Rosy Wolf Snail/Cannibal Snail Pomacea canaliculata Golden/Channeled Apple Snail

CNIDARIA Sea anemones, corals, jellyfish etc.

Hydrozoa Hydroids, Hydrozoans Carijoa riisei Branched Pipe/Snowflake Coral

Scyphozoa Jellyfish Mnemiopsis leidyi Comb Jellyfish/Sea Walnut

ECHINODERMATA Starfish, sea urchins & cucumbers

Asteroidea Sea star Asterias amurensis Northern Pacific Seastar

UROCHORDATA Sea squirts

Ascidiacea Didemnum sp. Sea squirt

PLATYHELMINTHES Flatworms, tapeworms, flukes Platydemus manokwari Flatworm

FLORA PLANTS

5 Source: Forestry Department

Alariaceae Undaria pinnatifida Asian Kelp

Cactaceae Cacti Opuntia stricta Erect Prickly Pear

Caulerpaceae Caulerpa taxifolia Caulerpa

Euphorbiaceae Spurges Euphorbia esula Leafy Spurge

Gramineae (Poaceae) Spartina anglica Common Cord Grass

Malpighiaceae Hiptage benghalensis Hiptage

Mimosaceae Miconia calvescens Bush Currant/Velvet Tree Prosopis glandulosa Mesquite

Myricaceae Morella faya Fire Tree

Myrsinaceae Ardisia elliptica Shoebutton Ardisia

Oleaceae Ligustrum robustum Ligustrum/Privet

Papilionaceae (Fabaceae) Bean family Pueraria Montana var. lobata Kudzu Vine

Tamaricaceae Tamarix ramosissima Tamarisk

MICROORGANISM Banana bunchy top virus Plasmodium relictum Avian Malaria Rinderpest virus

FUNGI Aphanomyces astaci Crayfish Plague Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis Frog Chytrid Fungus Crinipellis perniciosa Cocoa Witches’ Broom disease Moniliophthora roreri Cocoa Monilia Pod Rot

VIRUS Cocoa Swollen Shoot Virus

6 Source: Forestry Department