\ I )
U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS CIVIL WORKS PROGRAM
CONGRESSIONAL SUBMISSION FlSCAL YEAR 1998
REMAINING ITEMS
Budgetary information will not be released outside the Department ofArmy until 6 February 1997
., Justification of Estimates for Civil Functions Activities Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers Fiscal Year 1998
REMAINING ITEMS
Table of Contents
APPROPRIATION TITLE: Page No.
A. General Investigations 1
1. Surveys
c. Special Studies
(1) National Dredging Needs Study of Ports and Harbors 2
e. Cooperation with Other Federal Agencies, States, and Non-Federal Interests
(1) Cooperation with Other Water Resources Agencies 4 ( 2) Planning Assistance to States 4 (3) Special Investigations 5 ( 4) Gulf of Mexico Program 5 (5) Pacific Northwest Forest Case Study 5 ( 6) Chesapeake Bay Program 6 ( 7) Interagency Water Resources Development 6 ( 8) National Estuary Program 6 ( 9) North American Waterfowl Management Plan 7 (10) Interagency and International Support 7 a !:6 FEB 1997 Justification of Estimates for Civil Functions Activities Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers Fiscal Year 1998
APPROPRIATION TITLE: Page No.
A. General Investigations (Continued)
1. Surveys (Continued)
e. Cooperation with Other Federal Agencies, States, and Non-Federal Interests (Continued)
(11) National Dam Inventory 8 (12) Risk-Based Analysis 8
2. Collection and Study of Basic Data
a. Flood Plain Management Services 9 c. Other Programs
(1) Stream Gaging (U.S. Geological Survey) 11 (2) Precipitation Studies .(National Weather Service) 13 ( 3) International Waters Studies 15 ( 4) Hydrologic Studies 18 ( 5) Scientific and Technical Information Centers 23 ( 6) Coastal Field Data Collection 27 ( 7) Transportation Systems 31 ( 8) Environmental Data Studies 34 ( 9) Remote Sensing Systems Support 36 ( 10) Flood Damage Data Program 39 (11) Automated Information Systems Support 41
b 6 FEB 1997 Justification of Estimates for Civil Functions Activities Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers Fiscal Year 1998
APPROPRIATION TITLE: Page No.
A. General Investigations (Continued)
3. Research and Development 44
a. Materials/Structural Engineering 49 b. Coastal Navigation and Storm Damage Reduction 57 c. Inland Navigation and Flood Damage Reduction 62 d. Environmental Quality 69 e. Water Resources Management 74 f. Surveying and RemotJ Sensing 78 g. Innovative Design and Construction Techniques 81 for Navigation Projects
4. Earthquake Engineering 83
5. Zebra Mussel Control Research Program (ZMRP) 87
6. Characterization and Restoration of Wetlands Research Program 90
7. Engineering and Environmental Innovations of National Significance 93
c 6 FEB 1997 Justification of Estimates for Civil Functions Activities Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers Fiscal Year 1998
APPROPRIATION TITLE: Page No.
B. Construction. General 96
2. Navigation Projects
a. Channels and Harbors
(II) Projects Not Specifically Authorized by Congress 98 (Sec. 107, P.L. 86-645, as amended)
(III) Mitigation of Shore Damages Attributable to Navigation 98 Projects (Sec. 111, P.L. 90-483, as amended)
c. Inland Waterways Users Board (Sec. 302, P.L. 99-662) 99
4. Beach Erosion Control Projects
b. Projects Not Specifically Authorized by Congress 99 (Sec. 103, P.L. 87-874, as amended)
d 6 FEB 1997 Justification of Estimates for Civil Functions Activities Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers Fiscal Year 1998
APPROPRIATION TITLE: Page No.
B. Constyuction. General (Continued)
5. Flood Control Projects
a. Local Protection
(II) Projects Not Specifically Authorized by Congress 100 (Sec. 205, P.L. 80-858, as amended)
(III) Emergency Streambank and Shoreline Protection 100 (Sec. 14, P.L. 79-526, as amended)
(IV) Snagging and Clearing 101 (Sec. 208, P.L. 83-780, as amended)
10. Improvement of the Environment
a. Project Modifications for Improvement of the Environment 102 (Sec. 1135, P.L. 99-662, as amended)
b. Aquatic Ecosystem Restoration 102 (Sec. 206, P.L. 104-303)
e 6 FEB 1997 Justification of Estimates for Civil Functions Activities Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers Fiscal Year 1998
APPROPRIATION TITLE: Page No.
B. Construction, General (Continued)
12. Aquatic Plant Control Program 103
13. Beneficial Uses of Dredged Material (Sec. 204, P.L. 102-580) 104
14. Employees Compensation (Payments to the Department of Labor) 105
C. Operation and M~intenance. General 106
1. Navigation
a. Channels and Harbors
(1) Coastal Inlets Research Program 107 (2) Dredging Operations and Environmental Research (DOER) 110 (3) Dredging Operations Technical Support (DOTS) Program 113 (4) Monitoring of Coastal Navigation Projects 116
b. Locks and Dams
(1) Repair, Evaluation, Maintenance, and Rehabilitation 119 Research (REMR II)
f -· 6 FEB 1997 Justification of Estimates for Civil Functions Activities Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers Fiscal Year 1998
APPROPRIATION TITLE: Page No.
C. Operation and Maintenance, General (Continued)
2. Flood Control
a. Reservoirs
(1) Cultural Resources (NAGPRA/Curation) 123 (2) National Dam Safety Program 125 (3) Natural Resources Technical Support (NRTS) 126
1(4) Water Operations Technical Support (WOTS) Program 128
4. Protection of Navigation Dredging Data and Lock Performance Monitoring System 130 Group of Four: a. Protecting, Clearing and Straightening Channels (Sec.3) 132 b. Removal of Sunken Vessels 132 c. Waterborne Commerce Statistics 132 d. Harbor Maintenance Fee Data Collection 133
5. National Emergency Preparedness Program (NEPP) 134
6. Project Operations Support Program
a. Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program for Buildings 137 and Lifelines b. Performance Based Budgeting Support Program 139 c. Reliability Models Program for Major Rehabilitation 141 g 6 FEB 1997 Justification of Estimates for Civil Functions Activities Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers Fiscal Year 1998
APPROPRIATION TITLE: Page No.
D. Regulatory Program 142
E. Flood Control and Coastal Emergencies (FCCE) 145
F. General Ex~enses 147 I G. Revolving Fund - Plant Replacement and Improvement Program (PRIP) 153
OTHER SUPPORTING INFORMATION:
H. Support for Others 174
I. Automation Costs 176
SUMMARY OF BUDGET REQUEST FOR INLAND WATERWAYS TRUST FUND PROJECTS 188
SUMMARY OF ALL APPROPRIATIONS 190
h _6 FEB 7997 GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Justification of Estimates for Civil Functions Activities Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers Fiscal Year 1998
SUMMARY OF REMAINING ITEMS
GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS FY 1997 FY 1998 Increase Allocation Request (Decrease) ------$ $ $ 1. Surveys
c. Special Studies 0 671,000 671,000
e. Cooperation with Other Federal Agencies, States, 5,731,000 11,690,000 5,959,000 and Non-Federal Interests
2. Collection a~d Study of Basic Data
'1 a. Flood Plain Management Services 7,136,000 9,000,000 1,864,000
c. Other Programs (1) Stream Gaging (U.S. Geological Survey) 687,000 800,000 113,000 (2) Precipitation Studies (National Weather Service) 357,000 400,000 43,000 (3) International Waters Studies 268,000 340,000 72,000 (4) Hydrologic Studies 446,000 500,000 54,000 (5) Scientific and Technical Information Centers 0 130,000 130,000 (6) Coastal Field Data Collection 1,338,000 1,500,000 162,000 (7) Transportation Systems 803,000 800,000 . (3,000) (8) Environmental Data Studies 0 100,000 100,000 (9) Remote Sensing/Geographic Information System Support 268,000 420,000 152,000 (10) Flood Damage Data 223,000 400,000 177,000 (11) Automated Information Systems Support-Tri-Service CADD/GIS Technology Center 580,000 650,000 70,000
3. Research and Development 18,910,000 28,500,000 9,590,000
4. Earthquake Engineering Research 1,784,000 3,500,000 1,716,000
5. Zebra Mussel Control Strategies for Public Facilities 1,338,000 2,000,000 662,000
6. Characterization and Restoration of Wetlands Research 1,784,000 2,000,000 216,000
7. Engineering and Environmental Innovations of National Significance 0 1,000,000 1,000,000 ======Totals 41,653,000 64,401,000 22,748,000
_6 FEB 1997 1 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
1. SURVEYS - CONTINUING c. Special Studies
Total Allocation Tentative Additional Estimated Prior to Allocation Allocation to Complete Study Federal Cost FY 1996 FY 1997 FY 1998 After FY 1998
(1) National Dredging Needs Study of Ports and Harbors
$2,500,000 $1,829,000 $0 $671,000 $0
This study is a macro level assessment of national port and harbor dredging needs and includes: 1) an analysis of existing and projected future project depths for national ports and harbors; 2) an examination of the types and sizes of ships in use under existing and future conditions; 3) an analysis of existing and projected world trade patterns; 4) an assessment of the future national waterside infrastructure needs; and 5) a comparison of depths of the United States and selected world ports.
The study responds to Section 402 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 which authorizes the conduct of such studies as necessary to provide a report to Congress which assesses the dredging needs of the national ports and harbors of the United States. The national ports and harbors are crucial links in an intermodal transportation chain which is recognized as a critical element to the U.S. national strategy. They have had to evolve, shift and change to stay abreast of the global economic changes, emerging traffic lanes and new market opportunities. The infrastructure investment that is necessary to service the maritime industry is capital intensive. Ports and harbors exist to serve an industry which is struggling and rapidly changing to respond to ever increasing customer demands. Technological enhancements in the shipping industry continue to encourage port specialization and cargo concentration for selected commodities. The trend toward consolidation of shipping lines through business coalition, joint ventures, and mergers can mean added business at some ports and a loss for others. The national ports and harbors have high expectations of increased future international trade which some sources are projecting may triple by 2020. with ecological concerns over port expansion and dredge material disposal increasing, and financial budgetary constraints expanding, a forward-looking assessment of dredging needs is integral to the development of a national investment strategy for channel maintenance and improvements at the Nation's ports and harbors in order to maintain/increase U.S. competitiveness in the world market.
2 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
1. SURVEYS - CONTINUING
c. Special Studies
(1) National Dredging Needs Study of Ports and Harbors (Continued)
ACCOMPLISHMENTS: In FY 1994, the effort focused on review of previous national studies; creation of a comprehensive analytical database of existing vessels, commodity flows and port facilities/infrastructure; catalogue of existing and proposed channel depths for selected world ports; and preliminary estimates of , projected world trade patterns. In FY 1995, recent R&D studies were reviewed and a report documenting the literature survey wa< published; the database was expanded to include additional information on port · facilities, channel dimensions, vessel characteristics and routings, and commodity origins and destinations; analytical procedures to measure dredging needs were developed; a preliminary prioritization of ports within a national system was developed; and a comparative analysis of selected world ports and U.S. ports was conducted. During FY 1996, the data base was updated with an additional years worth of data; a preliminary assessment of current dredging needs was conducted; and a study of U.S. port significance was initiated.
JUSTIFICATION· Funds requested for FY 1998 would be used to complete analysis of shipping trends and port capacities, complete analysis of port waterside infrastructure constraints, finalize future conditions of U.S. port channels, finalize current and future demand for dredging, continue ongoing coordination efforts with other agencies and the port community, and prepare draft and final reports documenting the overall study efforts and results.
6 FEB b::J7 3 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
1. SURVEYS e. Cooperation with Other Federal Agencies, States, and Non-Federal Interests
Allocation For FY 1997 $5,731,000 Tentative Allocation FY 1998 $11,690,000
The request is $11,690,000 for Corps of Engineers activities required for cooperation with other agencies, involved in water resources activities which are primarily the responsibility of those interests. The activities are as follows:
(1) The request is $350,000 to continue Cooperation With Other Water Resources Agencies. Cooperation with the Department of Agriculture (USDA) is under the Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Act of 1954 (Section 5 of PL 566-83), as amended; the Flood Control Act of December 22, 1944 (Section 1 of PL 534-78), as amended; and the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (PL 91-190). Executive Order No. 10913, dated 18 January 1961, requires that cognizance be taken of constructed and contemplated upstream and downstream USDA works, and that plans be submitted to the Secretary of the Army for review and comment prior to their transmission to the Congress through the President. As the agency responsible for the flood control features of basin program, the Corps of Engineers must provide the Department of Agriculture with information on proposed Corps projects, including their effect on contemplated watershed programs. The Corps is also required by Section 102 (2) (c) of the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 to review the environmental impacts which would result from installation of USDA project features. Cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation of the Department of the Interior includes preparation of estimates of flood control requirements, and benefits, and reservoir operating criteria for storage reservoirs to be constructed with Federal funds, in accordance with Sections 1 and 7 of PL 534-78 and Section 7 of PL 984-84, as amended. Studies made by the Bureau of Reclamation of the flood control features of proposed reclamation projects are submitted to the Corps of Engineers for review and determination of the flood control benefits. The Corps of Engineers uses the data collected by the Bureau but makes an independent evaluation of the project. The report of the Chief of Engineers is used by the Secretary of the Interior in making allocation of project cost to flood control. Corps representation is required for cooperation with Federal and state agencies such as River Basin Compact Commissions; Interstate River Basin Compacts; and Regional Planning Commissions in authorized, but unfunded investigations.
(2) The request is $5,000,000 for cooperation with any State and Indian Tribe as specified in Section 22 of PL 93-251, as amended, in preparation of comprehensive plans for development, utilization, and conservation of water and related resources. Studies undertaken are 50/50 cost shared with the state or Indian Tribe. Since cost sharing was implemented in FY 91 a total of 370 agreements have been executed with 47 states and 21 Indian tribes. Indian tribes were included in FY 93 and the interest is growing rapidly. Even with the cost sharing, there continues to be significant increasing demand for services under this Program. Of the $5,000,000 requested, $4,500,000 is needed to meet growing state requests and $500,000 will be used to cooperate with Native American tribes in addressing the water and related resources of Indian lands. Study scopes and cost-sharing agreements have been negotiated for a significant number of studies for States, communities, and Indian tribes. The $5,000,000 will allow the Corps to initiate and complete studies which the sponsors have identified as having highest priority.
_ 6 FEB 193i 4 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
1. SURVEYS
e. Cooperation with Other Federal Agencies, States, and Non-Federal Interests {Continued)
(3) The request is $2,910,000 for special investigations. Of this amount, $320,000 provides for; the review of preliminary permit and licenses applications for non-Federal hydroelectric power development either at or affecting Corps water resource projects. The amount of $2', 590, 000 provides for (1) special investigations and reports of nominal scope prepared pursuant to Congressional and other requests from outside the Corps of Engineers for information relative to projects or activities which have no funds; (2) similar work of detailed scope, as specifically authorized by the Chief of Engineers; and (3) review of reports and environmental impact statements of other agencies. Among the investigations paid for from these funqs are reconnaissance investigations of flooding potential and flood damages, drainage, harbor improvements, anchorages, and development of navigation channels.
(4) Gulf of Mexico Program. The amount of $220,000 is requested to continue activities initiated under Special Investigations. The Gulf of Mexico Program (GMP) is an interagency program, initiated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for the protection and restoratioq of the natural resources of the Gulf of Mexico. These natural resources have tremendous environmental and economic significance to the Gulf states and to the Nation. With the funds requested, the Southwestern, Lower Mississippi Valley, and South Atlantic major subordinate commands and their districts will be able to fully participate in development of GMP focus areas, attend GMP meetings and conferences, and provide technical support requested by other agency participants. The GMP particpants are now concentrating on four primary areas for assessment and implementation: hypoxia, shellfish, habitat and exotics. These focus areas are related Corps authorized missions in the Gulf of Mexico in a number of ways. It is very important for Corps representatives to be active members of the GMP Policy, Management, and Technical Committees and other working groups. The Corps now has a full time staff member at the Stennis Space Center to serve on the Interagency Management Team, provide a liaison to the program, and coordinate with the many states and agencies involved.
(5) Pacific Northwest Forest Case Study. The amount of $280,000 is requested to continue activities initiated under Special Investigations. This amount would continue to support Corps of Engineers involvement in implementation of the Northwest Forest Plan (NFP), which is an interagency program, initiated by the White House's Council on Environmental Quality, for ecosystem management of the public lands within the range of the Northern Spotted Owl. The NFP would provide for economic assistance to dislocated timber workers and institute an interagency approach for restoring and protecting animal and plant species on public lands. The natural resources in the public lands have tremendous environmental and economic significance to the Nation and to the western states. With the funds requested, Portland and Seattle Districts, under the North Pacific major subordinate command, will be able to participate in development of the NFP, participate in Regional Interagency Ecosystem Committee, and attend meetings and workshops. The Districts would continue to provide technical support for watershed evaluation and restoration planning by preparing Geographic Information System maps and databases of known sites of critical species on Federal lands and for reviews of watershed analysis and monitoring plans. The NFP participants are now concentrating on the development of coordinated watershed ecosystem management s.trategies. Many of these strategies affect Corps' authorized missions in the western states.
_G FEB JS3J 5 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
1. SURVEYS e. Cooperation with Other Federal Agencies, States, and Non-Federal Interests (continued)
(6) Chesapeake Bay Program. The amount of $600,000 is requested to continue activities initiated under Special Investigations. The Chesapeake Bay Program (CBP) is an interagency program, initiated by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), for the protection and restoration of the bay's natural resources. These natural resources have tremendous environmental and economic significance to the northeast region and to the Nation. Following extensive Corps of Engineers investigations and EPA studies in the 1970's and early 1980's, it became increasingly clear that the Chesapeake Bay as a system was under intense pressure from development and overuse and was undergoing degradation in water quality, living resources and contaminants. With the funds requested, the Baltimore District will also begin cooperation efforts with other agencies and departments on the Chesapeake Bay Environmental Restoration and Protection Program, as directed by Section 510 of the Water Resource Development Act of 1996. The district will continue participation in the CBP Implementation Committee; the Federal Agencies Subcommittee; the Living Resources, Monitoring, Modeling and Toxics Subcommittee; and numerous workgroups addressing various subject such as wetlands, submerged aquatic vegetation, and resource stewardship. The Baltimore District will continue with the lead on two initiatives (Anacostia Biennial Workplan and Chesapeake Bay Habitat Restoration) from the Agreement of Federal Agencies on Ecosystem Management in the Chesapeake Bay signed in July 1994, as well as participating in workgroups on other aspects of the agreement. Recently the ASA(CW) signed a Special Tributary Strategy for Federal Lands in the District of Columbia agreement for the Corps to develop stormwater pollution prevention and nutrient management plans. Many of these actions affect Corps authorized missions in the Chesapeake Bay. It is very important for the Corps representatives to be active members of the CBP Implementation Committee, the Federal Agencies Subcommittee and other working groups.
(7) The request is $1,300,000 for Interagency Water Resources Development. These are Corps of Engineers district activities, not otherwise funded, that require coordination effort with non-Federal interests. These activities include items such as meeting with City, County and State officials to help them solve water resources problems when they have sought advice or to determine whether or not Corps programs are available and should be used to address the problems. The funds would also be used to cover costs of meeting with potential study sponsors prior to budgeting for a study to insure they fully understand study cost sharing and to obtain an indication of their interest in participating in a future study.
(8) The request is $120,000 to participate with Federal and State agencies in the National Estuary Program (NEP) administered by the Environmental Protection Agency under the Water Quality Act of 1987 (Section 320 of PL 100-4) . The NEP is an interagency planning program to develop management plans for nationally significant estuaries designated by the EPA. To date, the following 26 estuaries have been designated under the program:Puget Sound, WA; Delaware Bay, DE: and Delaware Inland Bays, DE; New York/New Jersey Harbor, NY-NJ; Sarasota Bay, FL; Santa Monica Bay, CA; San Francisco Bay, CA; Galveston Bay, TX; Albermarle/Pamlico Sound, NC; Buzzards Bay, MA; Narrangansett Bay, RI; and Long Island Sound, CT-NY, NY; Massachusetts Bay, MA; Barataria/Terrebonne Bays, LA; Indian River Lagoon, FL; Casco Bay, ME; Tampa Bay, Fl; San Juan Bay, PR; Corpus Christi Bay, TX; Tillamook Bay, OR; and Peconic Bay, NY. Because of extensive Corps involvement with Federal water resources projects in the nation's estuaries and other responsibilities in waters of the U.S., the Corps has been asked to participate on the management and technical advisbry committees of those NEP estuaries
6 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
1. SURVEYS
e. Cooperation with Other Federal Agencies, States, and Non-Federal interests (Continued)
being studied. The requested funds would be used to cover costs of Corps field office meeting attendance, field reconnaissance, and data transfer. Because of similar objectives, these funds could be used for similar coordination activities conducted under the Coastal America initiative.
(9) The request is $120,000 to continue cooperation with Federal and State agencies, and non-Federal interests in support of the North American Waterfowl Management Plan (NAWMP) administered by the Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. The NAWMP is an international program designed to reverse downward trends in North America's waterfowl populations by protecting and improving waterfowl habitats nationwide, particularly in 34 areas within the United States identified as,being critical to meeting NAWMP goals and objectives. Department of the Army support to the NAWMP is set forth in an agreement signed with the Department of the Interior on January 23, 1989. The Corps of Engineers has broad water resources development responsibilities and authorities and has stewardship responsibilities for over seven million acres of water and land. Many Corps of Engineers projects contribute directly or indirectly to the habitat base for the nation's waterfowl, and other wetland species. Current and future Corps of Engineer projects are expected to play an even greater role, particularly during years of low rainfall. Also, the Corps of Engineers has recognized extensive environmental engineering and technical expertise and experience that can contribute greatly toward meeting the NAWMP waterfowl habitat improvement goals and objectives. The requested funds would be used to cover costs of Corps of Engineers field office participation in the field trips, interagency coordination meetings, and information transfer in response to conditions set forth in the agreement between the Department of the Interior and the Department of the Army. Because,of similar objectives, these funds could also be used for similar coordination activities conducted under the Coastal America initiative.
(10) The request is $250,000 for Interagency and International Support to allow the Corps of Engineers to participate with other Federal agencies and international organizations to address problems of national significance to the United States. The Corps of Engineers has widely recognized expertise and experience in water resources, infrastructure planning and development, and environmental protection and restoration. Frequently, other Federal agencies, particularly the State Department and the Environmental Protection Agency, and international organizations request use of the Corps talents in addressing domestic or international problems of utmost importance to the United States. Often the requesting entity is not able to reimburse all Corps costs, including salaries, but yet the success of the program can be greatly enhanced by employing the talents of the Corps. In many cases, the Corps abilities to perform its civil works mission or promote opportunities for the U. S. private sector are also enhanced. One example where Corps support is critically needed is in supporting the State Department in the multilateral water talks as part of the Middle East Peace process. Water is a key element in the peace process. With this funding the Corps can play an active role in suggesting useful projects for the countries to work together on, reviewing project proposals to assist in developing U. s. positions, assist in regional water cooperation and management and assist in training seminars and study tours. The requested funds would be used to cover Corps salary and travel costs not otherwise available. International activities will be undertaken only after consultation with the State Department.
_)j FEB i997 7 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
1. SURVEYS
e. Cooperation with Other Federal Agencies, States, and Non-Federal interests (Continued)
(11) The request is $340,000 for continued maintenance and publication of the National Dam Inventory. This inventory was first authorized by the National Dam Inspection Act of 1972 (Public Law 92-367) as a component of the National Program of Inspection of Non-Federal Darns. The inventory, initially compiled in 1975 and updated annually from 1978 through 1981, contained over 68,000 dams. The updated inventory, furnished to Congress in a report published in 1982, served as a reliable and essential data base for conducting the national inspection program. However, the 1981 inventory soon became obsolete because of modifications to dams, changes in ownerships, and construction of new dams after 1981. Therefore, Congress in th~ Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (Public Law 99-662), Title XII - Dam Safety) amended the National Dam Inspection Act of 1972 to provide for the maintenance of the inventory and periodic publishing of updated information for continuous use during the period 1988 through 1992. The last update of the inventory listed 75,187 dams. Section 215 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1996 (Public Law 104-303) again amended the National Dam Inspection Act of 1972 (Public Law 92-367) changing the name of the act to the National Dam Safety Program Act and among other things authorizi?g $500,000 to be appropriated each fiscal year for the maintenance and publication of the National Dam Inventory. This ongoing maintenance effort is a coordinated effort involving data for the Federal and non-Federal Dam Safety community in coordination with the Interagency Committee of Dam Safety. The importance of continued maintenance of the National Dam Inventory has increased since the inventory is now required for used by the Director of FEMA and the National Dam Safety Review Board in the allocation of dam safety program assistance funds to the various States in proportion to the number of dams in the state. The previous inventory was used during hurricane Fran to respond to enquiries about possible dam breaks and dam safety problems. It has been used to obtain information used in response to Congressional and White House inquiries. The inventory is also used by the State Dam Safety Offices on a daily basis for the regulation and inspection of non-Federal dams. Without future updates the data base will become obsolete and will be of little value in the allocation process that is included in the National Dam Safety Program Act. The inventory is included in the biennial report to Congress on the national dam safety program. The current publication media for the inventory is CD ROM disk containing the complete data base usable by most Federal, State, local government, and private computer systems.
(12) The request is $200,000 for a study of the use of risk-based analysis by the Corps of Engineers in the evaluation of flood damage reduction studies. In accordance with Section 202 (h) of PL 104-303, the Corps will enter into a contract with the National Academy of Sciences to conduct a study which will include: 1) an evaluation of the impact of risk-based analysis on project formulation, project economic justification, and minimum engineering and safety standards, 2) a review of studies conducted using risk-based analysis to determine the scientific validity of applying risk-based analysis and the impact of using risk-based analysis as it relates to current policy and procedures of the Corps of Engineers.
8 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
2. Collection and Study of Basic Data a. Flood Plain Management Services
~: This Corps of Engineers program stems from Section 206 of the 1960 Flood Control Act (PL 86-645), as amended, which authorizes the Secretary of the Army to compile and disseminate data on floods and flood damage potential and to provide guidance in their use in flood-related planning to·State and local agencies. This information and guidance supports planning and implementing actions which reduce the flood hazard through wise use of flood plains. The Flood Plain Management Serviyes Program provides flood hazard information, interpretation, and guidance for sites or short reaches of stream or coast and technical and planning assistance to states, communities and Indian Tribes; develops and disseminates guides and pamphlets to convey the nature of flood hazards and to foster public understanding of the options for dealing with flood hazards; and participates with the Federal Emergency Management Agency and local governments in the conduct of pre-disaster hurricane evacuation and preparedness studies for mobilizing local community responsiveness to natural disasters in high-hazard coastal areas.
SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA:
Estimated Five-Year (FY 1998-02) Program Cost $45,000,000 Tentative Allocation for FY 1998 9.000.000 Balance to Complete Five-Year Program after FY 1998 36,000,000 Alloca~ion For FY 1997 7,136,000 Increase of FY 1998 from FY 1997 1,864,000 Average Annual Allocation for FY 1993-97 8,000,000
JUSTIFICATION: The funds requested for FY 1998 are to address the growing number of requests from states, regional and local gove~nments, Indian Tribes, and other non-Federal public agencies. The increase of $1,864,000 over the FY 1997 allocation will allow for aiding states and local communities to become more involved in the applidation of flood plain management measures by providing the site specific flood and flood plain data and assistance needed for working with community planners, associations, groups, and individuals; for efforts to identify flood hazards in smaller communities under growth pressures; for special studies that concentrate on the mitigation of future flood damages and give increased emphasis to the application of non-structural measures; and for critical pre-disaster hurricane evacuation and preparedness studies for states and counties along the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico.
9 6 FEB 1997 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
2. Collection and Study of Basic Data a. Flood Plain Management Services (Continued}
ACCOMPLISHMENTS: Responses to requests from Federal and non-Federal agencies, communities, Indian Tribes and individuals for flood-related information, interpretation, and guidance numbered 32,000 during 1996 and involved property valued at $4 billion. The Corps participated in pre-disaster hurricane evacuation and preparedness studies for high-hazard areas in Louisiana, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Florida, Connecticut, North Carolina, South Carolina, New York, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands; provided support for updating and improving mathematical models of flood plain hydrology and hydraulics; developed training programs in flood plain hydrology and hydraulics; and prepared flood-proofing studies.
10 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
2. Collection and Study of Basic Data
c. Other Programs
(1) Stream Gaging (U.S. Geological Survey)
~: The Corps of Engineers cooperates with the U.S. Geological Survey in this effort, and contributes funds for all or part of the cost of the operation and maintenance of about 2,400 stations that are of special importance to the Corps mission. The Corps established this continuing, cooperative program in March 1928, so that streamflow data would be available to meet special needs concerning the Corps water resources responsibilities.
SQMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA:
Estimated Five-Year (FY 1998-2002) Program Cost $4,240,000 Tentative Allocation for FY 1998 800,000 I Balance to Complete Five-Year Program after FY 1998 $3,440,000 Allocation for FY 1997 687,000 Increase of FY 1998 from FY 1997 113,000 Average Annual Allocation for FY 1993-1997 655,600
JUSTIFICATION: The Corps of Engineers makes extensive use of streamflow records in the planning, design, construction, and operation of water resources projects. The Basic network of stream gaging stations operated by the Geological Survey under its normal functions is inadequate to meet all the special needs of the Corps water resource development responsibilities. Accordingly, a cooperative program was established under which funds are transferred to the Survey to cover, partially, the cost of operating specific stations. In the optimum development of water resources, it is essential that continuous records of streamflow be maintained at specific sites over a long period of years to provide a reliable measure of water resources available for various uses. This budget item covers only the non-project portion of the cooperative program. To continue the operation of stations of special interest to the Corps, an estimated
_6 FES i:iJ7 1.1. APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
2. Collection and Study of Basic Data
c. Other Programs
(1) Stream Gaging (U.S. Geological Survey) (continued) total of $17,800,000 will be required by the U.S. Geological Survey during Fy 1998, exclusive of funds I received from other cooperative sources. The operation and maintenance cost of these stations will be financed from three sources, as follows: (1) $570,000 appropriated directly to the U.S. Geological Survey for special Corps stations; (2) $800,000 from this budget item for stations not directly attributed to the Corps projects; and (3) $16,430,000 from Corps funds budgeted elsewhere for authorized projects and studies. The basic program will remain at essentially the same level as in previous years.
ACCOMPLISHMENTS: Records for the streamflow stations supported by transfer of funds are not only used by the Corps, but the data are used by the National Weather Service as the basis for many public flood forecasts. In addition, the data are published in a regular series of reports by the Geological Survey and ~rovide valuable information for other Federal and state agencies and the public.
COORDINATION: This program is fully coordinated with the U.S. Geological Survey. Costs for conducting the work are compiled by representatives of the Survey to identify a basis for the transfer of funds to that agency.
6 FEB 1937 12 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
2. Collection and Study of Basic Data
c. Other Programs
(2) Precipitation Studies (National Weather Service)
~: This is the Hydrometeorological Studies Program conducted for the Corps of Engineers by the National Weather Service (NWS) . The NWS performs analyses of storm rainfall and other meteorological data required to develop hydrologic criteria for use by the Corps in planning, design and water control management of flood control and water resources development projects, and in floodplain management studies. The Corps transfers funds to the NWS to pay for the work.
SQMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA:
Estimated Five-Year (FY 1998-2002) Program Cost $ 2,250,000 Tentative Allocation Requested for FY 1998 400,000 Balance to Complete Five-Year Program after FY 1998 1,850,000 Allocation for FY 1997 357,000 Change in FY 1998 over FY 1997 43,000 Average Annual Allocation for FY 1993-1997 388,000
JUSTIFICATION: The scientific services provided by the National Weather Service under this program consist of: (l)review of the meteorological aspects of storm data compiled under the Hydrologic Studies Program conducted by the Corps; (2)development of probable maximum precipitation(PMP)estimates and return frequencies of storms for large regions and for specific river basins; (3)development of meteorological parameters pertaining to hurricanes, northeasters and other wind phenomena; and (4)other studies necessary to accomplish the Corps mission. Funds in the amount of $400,000 will be required in FY 1998 to continue the program at a level consistent with Corps needs. The entire cost of the hydrometeorological studies program is funded under this budget item.
6 FEB 1937 1.3 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
2. Collection and Study of Basic Data
c. Other Programs
(2) Precipitation Studies (National Weather Service) (continued)
ACCOMPLISHMENTS: A study of precipitation frequency for the semi-arid southwestern United States, which began in FY 1991, is scheduled to conclude in FY 1997. In conjunction with planning and design of the Santa Ana River and the American River projects, a cost-saving decision was made to update a 1966 report (HMR 36) on PMP for the entire state of California. Under this effort, all-season isohyetal maps were prepared in FY 1995; seasonal maps are scheduled to be completed in FY 1997. As another cost saving effort, the Corps continued to support the NWS in development and application of computer models for hydrometeorological analysis. This allowed the California PMP studies to be expedited by reducing storm data processing time from a year to a one- to two-month period. Work began in FY 1995 on a 3-year study of precipitation frequency for the Hawaiian Islands. It is anticipated that during FY 1997 work will be completed and a report will be published on a study of the orographic relations around the Big Horn Mountains of Wyoming and 1 Montana.
FISCAL YEAR 1998: The major effort in FY 1998 will be to continue work on revision of the Precipitation Frequency Atlas for the United States, m'ving from the southwestern U.S. to the Ohio River basin region. This will be cost-shared with the TVA and the states. NWS will maintain capability to do site specific work for PMP analyses for Corps projects thro4ghout the United States. An example is the scheduled development of Standard Project Storm data for the Hawaiian Islands urban flood control studies and the review of PMP criteria around the Denver area in conjunction with reservoir reallocation studies for water supply. The Corps will continue to support NWS's effort to build computer capability for automated processing of storm data, in order to shorten the time of analysis and reduce cost.
COORDINATION: This program is fully coordinated with the National Weather Service, Office of Hydrology.
1.4 6 FEB i997 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
2. Collection and Study of Basic Data
c. Other Programs
(3) International Water Studies
~: The Boundary Waters Treaty of 1909, the Niagara River Treaty of 1950, the Columbia River Treaty of 1961, and other less formal agreements between the Governments of the United States and Canada are concerned with the regulation, control, and use of boundary waters. Under the Boundary Waters Treaty of 1909, the International Joint Commission (IJC) was established and empowered to establish local boards, which conduct investigations and assure adherence to orders of approval pertaining to use of boundary waters issued by the Commission. Corps of Engineers representatives serve on the following IJC Boards: Saint Croix River, I Champlain-Richelieu, Lake Champlain, St. Lawrence River, Niagara, Lake Superior, Lake of the Woods, Rainy Lake, Souris-Red Rivers Engineering, Souris River Control, Kootenay Lake, and Osoyoos Lake. Under separate treaties, Corps representatives serve on the Columbia River Treaty Permanent Engineering Board, the Columbia River Treaty Entities, the International Niagara Committee, and the International Lake Memphremagog Board. These Boards and Committees hold joint meetings, review report drafts and correspondence, make field inspections, obtain, collect, and analyze hydrologic and hydraulic data, and report their findings to the establishing parties. The degree of study activity varies depending upon the requirements of the Commission or Treaty under which they were established. These efforts assure better control, use, and orderly development of the jointly-controlled water resources, and are of importance in attempting to meet water demands resulting from an expanding economy along the United States-Canadian border. Studies are closely related to the Corps of Engineers' Civil Works program and are summarized in the Assistant Secretary of the Army for Civil Works Annual Report. SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA: Estimated Five-Year (FY 1998-02) Program Cost $1,850,000 Tentative Allocation for FY 1998 340,000 Balance to Complete Five-Year P~ogram after FY 1998 1,510,000 Allocation for FY 1997 268,000 Change in FY 1998 from FY 1997(decrease) 72,000 Average Annual allocations for FY 1993-97 529,000
0 f -,~B'&:. .., ••..-.· '• 15 - Vt.·'/ APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
2. Collection and Study of Basic Data
c. Other Programs
(3) International Water Studies (continued)
JUSTIFICATION: The $340,000 requested for FY 1998 will fund a reduced level of Corps of Engineers participation in assisting the U.S. Government meet its obligations under provisions of boundary water treaties and other international agreements between the United States and Canada. On 1 August 1986, the two Governments sent the IJC a reference (request for study) on the fluctuating Great Lakes water levels, requesting a full evaluation of the effects of a range of high and low water conditions in the Great Lakes Basin, and joint recommendations on how to mitigate/alleviate them. The IJC established a Lake Levels Reference Study Board; the Corps North Central Division (CENCO) was the lead U.S. Federal agency for the study. The Board submitted its report to the IJC in 1993, recommending follow-up actions. The IJC forwarded the Board's report to the Governments in FY 1994 and notified them of its intent to further examine the recommendations. Follow-up activities by the Lake Superior and St. Lawrence River Boards of Control are anticipated in FY 98 CENCO provides support for implementation of the Niagara Treaty of 1950 which, governs the split of Niagara River Waters between the U. S. and Canada and between the uses of the waters. The Treaty may be terminated by either the U. S. or Canada beginning in the year 2000 with a one year notice. Present and planned modifications have created new demands for Niagara River waters. During FY 1998, investigations into protecting the security of U. S. interests, providing the continued beneficial use of Niagara River waters, and developing the U. S. position for renegotiating the Treaty will continue. The investigations will involve several Federal and state agencies and be coordinated with the Niagara Board of Control. The reconnaissance phase will build upon and follow procedures similar to the those of the IJC's Levels Reference Study, but it will not be an international effort at this point. North Pacific Division engages in activities associated with implementation of the Columbia River Treaty and the Kootenay lake and Osoyoos Lake Boards of Control. CENPD, together with Bonneville Power Administration and British Columbia Hydro annually develop the Assured Operating Plan and the Detailed Operating Plan for the treaty storage projects. Funds also are used to support the work of the Columbia River Treaty Permanent Engineering Board, including publication of its annual report to the Governments. New England Division (CENED)engages in support of the Saint Croix River Board of Control and the Gulf of Maine Council on the Marine Environment.
~6 6 FEB i9~7 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
2. Collection and Study of Basic Data
c. Other Programs
(3) International Water Studies (continued)
Work in the Saint Croix R. Basin involves retrieval and analysis of water data to assure compliance with IJC rules and annual inspection of dams and fish passage facilities.
ACCOMPLISHMENTS: IJC Levels Reference Study - Phase II of the study was completed in March 1993. IJC report to the Governments was submitted in December 1993. Annual report of the Columbia River Treaty Permanent Engineering Board for ·1995 was sent to the Governments in March 1996.
FISCAL YEAR 1998: CENCD follow-up efforts to the Levels Reference Study will include data collection and analysis, testing of potential alternative Lake Ontario regulation and examining potential impacts of global climate change on Lake Superior and Lake Ontario regulation, and assisting the IJC in developing and evaluating new regulation criteria. Additional flow data will be obtained and used to update the rating curve used to verify compliance with Niagara Treaty requirements. New data will be used to enhance the unsteady flow model of the Upper Niagara and an ice jam model will be applied to examine measures to reduce flooding. The performance of a new plan for regulating Lake Superior outflows will be used to optimize water resources use and a water supply process model will be evaluated for application in regulation decisions. The investigation into modifying the Niagara Treaty of 1950 will build upon and use the Reference Study analysis techniques. Special studies related to (1) allocation of flood control space in Columbia River Treaty storage projects and (2) international impacts of evaluation of endangered species compliance will be conducted by CENPD. CENED will continue normal work in support of the Saint Croix Board of Control and the Gulf of Maine Council on the Marine Environment.
17 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
2. Collection and Study of Basic Data
c. Other Programs
(4) Hydrologic Studies
SCOPE: The scope of activities under this item is determined annually based on the requests from USACE Commands and Laboratories to meet high-priority needs. These items are not covered under regular Civil Works GI and O&M funding programs. Major activities to be undertaken in the program generally include the collection of basic hydrologic data and the studies of these data for major storm events or certain special hydrologic processes. The information to be derived from this program will improve hydrologic engineering techniques for the planning, design, construction, and operation of water resources projects. The program consists of tour sub-items: Storm Studies, General Hydrologic Studies, Sedimentation Studies, and Streamflow and Rainfall Data.
SQMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA:
Estimated Five-Year (FY 1998-2002) Program Cost $ 4,000,000 Tentative Allocation Requested for FY 1998 500,000 Balance to Complete Five-Year Program after FY 1998 3,500,000 Allocation for FY 1997 446,000 Increase of FY 1998 from FY 1997 54,000 Average Annual Allocation for FY 1993-1997 482,000
JUSTIFICATION:
1. Storm Studies: The Storm Studies Program is a continuing investigation of major storms for the purpose of accumulating comprehensive rainfall data. These data are used to refine the regional hydrometeorological information ·throughout the nation. The up-to-date hydrometeorological information is essential for design of new projects as well as for safety assessment of existing projects. We have substantial need for hydrologic data for initiation and completion of water resources studies.
6 FEB 1997 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
2. Collection and Study of Basic Data
c. Other Programs
(4) Hydrologic Studies (continued)
These data are required in the evaluation of flood-producing potentials of river basins, and constitute the major portion of the basic data used in probable maximum precipitation determinations. Funds in the amount of $60,000 will be required in FY 1998 to work on several storm studies. Studies of storms occurred on July 1991 west of St. Louis County, River des Teres, MO; July 1990 at eastern NE and western IA; June 1991 at Elkhorn River Basin, NE and Part I storm study of the Jan 1982 event in San Francisco Bay area will be continued after being delayed in order to study the storms that produced the GREAT FLOOD of 1993. I 2. General Hydrologic Studies: Studies under this sub-item include needed improvement in the analysis of rainfall-runoff relationships, flood frequency, snowmelt studies, hydrograph development and routing at selected watersheds, model calibrations in urban areas, analyses of past floods, methods for the hydraulic analysis of non-gaged streams, and other studies of related hydrologic nature. Studies of new techniques to improve the accuracy of hydrologic modeling require additional resources. New radar applications in rainfall-runoff forecast is an immediate concern. Funds in the amount of $300,000 in FY 1998 will be required to continue this sub-item at a level to insure proper and orderly progress. In New England region, a continuing comprehensive hydrologic analysis of 1987 flood event will provide resource data for future potential planning and design studies, as well as reservoir operation. An new effort which began in FY 1985 on re-examination of water yield and potential reallocation of storage space in Corps reservoirs is continuing.
3. Sedimentation Studies: The program is a continuing effort in which funds are used for conducting non-project sedimentation studies, and for the Corps share of an interagency sediment investigation program. The sedimentation studies include: promoting and supporting the standardization and development of equipment, criteria and methodology for the collection, analysis of suspended and bedload sediment characteristics of natural streams; and laboratory studies.
19 - 6 FEB 1997 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
2. Collection and study of Basic Data
c. Other Programs
(4) Hydrologic Studies (continued)
The Hydraulics Laboratory, Waterways Experiment Station is sponsored by the Federal Interagency Sedimentation Committee (members from 18 agencies) and constitutes the major work effort under this sub-item. Funds in the amount of $80,000 in FY 1998 will be required to support the Federal Interagency Sedimentation Project (FSIP) located at the Waterways Experiment Station.
4. Streamflow and Rainfall Data: This is a continuing program in which funds are used for installation and operation of hydrometeorology gages of non-project nature that are needed by the Corps in addition to the stations in the cooperative programs conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey and the National Weather Service for the Corps. Funds are needed to continue support for the basic data collection in the Sleepers River Watershed in Vermont. Additionally, gages are needed to observe historical high water marks for validation of hydrologic models. An amount of $60,000 in FY 1998 is required to continue the establishment and operation of these special-purpose gages, and to determine historical flooding in urban sites.
ACCOMPLISHMENTS :
1. Storm Studies: This continuing program was organized in 1939 for the purpose of investigating rainfall from major storms of record throughout the entire United States. The selected storms are analyzed for frequency, associated runoff and precipitation data. These efforts are coordinated with the National Weather Services (NWS) Hydrometeorological Branch and the resulting data from these studies are used in design of water resources project throughout the country. During the period, Corps offices have gathered data on other major storms, reviewed the scope and interim results of ongoing studies by NWS on development of standard project and probable maximum storms at various basins throughout the United States and territories. Storm studies are being utilized in probable maximum precipitation studies in coordination with NWS for northwest, California and southwest United States.
20 6 FEB i997 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
2. Collection and Study of Basic Data
c. Other Programs
(4) Hydrologic Studies (continued)
2. General Hydrologic Studies: Examples of some of the more important studies accomplished under this program are: determination of rainfall-runoff relationship in urban areas; general hydraulic model calibration; snow cover surveys; and adaptation of hydrologic programs to CADD equipment. Work continued on the regional frequency studies for three major river basins in the North Central States. The long-term foothill streams of Colorado flash flooding project progressed as scheduled. Particularly encouraging to date are the data developed for rainfall-runoff on small watersheds and evaluation of flood potential in connection with design of structure located in the flood basin. Works continue on the water yield study.
3. Sedimentation Studies: All of the funds allotted to this sub-item is to assist in financing the Corps share of the cooperative Interagency Sedimentation Project at the Hydraulics Laboratory, Waterways Experiment Station.
4. Streamflow and Rainfall Data: Stations funded under this sub-item are generally established and operated several years prior to anticipated authorization for project-type activities, in order to provide a background of observed data on which to base the planning and design of projects. Progress continues at these gage sites to collect hydrometeorological data in flood prone areas to document historical flood and calibration of hydrologic models.
21 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
2. Collection and study of Basic Data
c. Other Programs
(4) Hydrologic Studies (continued)
FISCAL YEAR 1998: The appropriation requested for FY 1998 is required to continue the Hydrologic Studies Program at the level required to meet high-priority needs.
FY 1997 FY 1998
1. Storm Studies $ 53,500 $ 60,000 2. General Hydrologic Studies 267,600 300,000 3. Sedimentation Studies 71,400 80,000 I 4. Streamflow and Rainfall Data 53,SQQ 6Q,QQQ TOTAL $ 446,000 $500,000
COORDINATION: The storm studies are prepared by USACE commands and are reviewed by the National Weather Services in the preparation of probable maximum precipitation estimates for the Corps. The Interagency Sedimentation Project is conducted cooperatively, and jointly funded, by eight Federal agencies. Information concerning streamflow and rainfall data collection by the Corps under this activity is made available to the U.S. Geological Survey and the National Weather Service.
u rm JS97 22 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Genera1 Investigations, FY 1998
2. Co11ection and Study of Basic Data
c. Other Programs
(5) Scientific and Technical Information Centers
~: Five information analysis centers (soil mechanics, concrete technology, coastal engineering, hydraulic engineering, and cold regions engineering) located at the U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station and the Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, operating in specific technical areas closely related to Civil Works activities, provide the major interface between the Corps of Engineers and the public and private sectors to gather and disseminate information as required by PL 99-802, Federal Technology Transfer Act of 1986. The function of each center is to acquire, examine, evaluate, summarize, and disseminate newly published scientific and technical information generated within the Corp of Engineers and other activities within the U.S. and abroad.
SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA:
Estimated Five-Year (FY 1998-2002) Program Cost $ 790,000 Allocation Requested for FY 1998 130,000 Balance to Complete Five-Year Program After FY 1998 660,000 Allocation for FY 1997 0 Increase of FY 1998 over FY 1997 130,000
JUSTIFICATION: Public Law 99-802, Federal Technology Transfer Act of 1986 requires technology transfer from Federal agencies to the private sector. In addition, both the Department of Defense and the Department of the Army have objectives of supporting the information needs of engineers and scientists and eliminating unnecessary duplication of R&D. The specified information centers, supported by their host laboratories, critically evaluate and summarize the technical validity and merits of published and unpublished research and technical publications on design, construction, or other technology utilization. User communities have been well established and distribution lists for technology transfer are continuously updated. Electronic media including the World Wide Web are utilized where appropriate.
:_6 FEB i%7 23 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
2. Collection and Study of Basic Data
c. Other Programs
(5) Scientific and Technical Information Centers (continued)
The effectiveness of activities and services is evaluated on a continuing basis, and technology transfer products and methodology are revised when appropriate.
ACCOMPLISHMENTS: The Corps of Engineers has moved onto the information highway and is making major use of the World Wide Web (WWW) for technology transfer. The WWW is widely accessible by both the public and private sectors and provides rapid transfer, at significant cost savings, of technical data, bulletins, general information on ongoing studies, technical notes, and ultimately technical reports. The information centers and their host laboratories are now maintaining WWW homepages with links to other, related homepages. Recent establishment of internal networks, as well as a Corps-wide network, along with connection to the Internet, have provided a major leap forward in communications at a significant reduc~ion in transmittal costs. Several thousand technical inquiries are received annually, with the Internet playing an increasingly major role. Inquiries are received from Federal, state, and local government activities, universities, private sector engineers and scientists, and concerned citizens.
Technical Field Subjects User Community
Coastal Engineering Wave data and predictions, shore processes, Public and inlet dynamics, navigation channels and private, structures, harbors, and coastal construction nationwide
Cold Regions Engineering Ice engineering, meteorology, climatology, Public and geophysics, geology, remote sensing, private, environmental engineering nationwide
-6 FEa 1997 24 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
2. Collection and Study of Basic Data
c. Other Programs
(5) Scientific and Technical Information Centers (continued)
Technical Field Subjects User Community Concrete Technology Cements, concrete, aggregates, concrete Public and construction private, nationwide
Hydraulic Engineering Hydraulic, hydrologic, water resources, and Public and sedimentation of streams, rivers, waterways, private, reservoirs and natural impoundments; estuaries, nationwide inland and coastal groundwater; fishery systems; and hydraulic structures of all types
Soil Mechanics EmbanWment and foundation engineering, Public and earthquake engineering, engineering geology private, and rock mechanics nationwide
Information Analysis Centers FY 1998
Coastal Engineering $ 26,000 Cold Regions Engineering 26,000 Concrete Technology 26,000 Hydraulic Engineering 26,000 Soil Mechanics 26.000 $130,000
,-. 25 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
2. Collection and Study of Basic Data
c. Other Programs
(5) Scientific and Technical Information Centers (continued)
COORDINATION: The Information Analysis Centers and their host Laboratories distribute reports, technical notes, computer programs, GIS data, abstracts, information bulletins, and other scientific and technical information to the Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC), Corps libraries, depository libraries, and identified user communities to ensure wide circulation and availability. WWW homepages are maintained on the Internet for public accessibility. Reports are also available for searching throughout the Corps through the Corps Library Program's computer system LS/2000. DTIC publicizes reports through its own DOD database and forwards the reports to the National Technical Information Service (NTIS) , Department of Commerce.
NTIS places reports into a compendia of Selected Water Resources Abstracts and an annual cumulative edition, with conveniently indexed and cross referenced identification of what is being or has been done in water fesources research and related scientific and engineering fields, and by whom, where, and when.
- 6 FEB 1997 26 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
2. Collection and Study of Basic Data
c. Other Programs
(6) Coastal Field Data Collection
~: The nationwide program is designed to systematically acquire and assemble information required to accomplish the Corps mission in coastal navigation and evaluation of harbor entrance impacts on adjacent shores. Cost-effective mission accomplishment requires long-term data that encompasses winds, waves, currents, water levels, and bottom configuration, sediment characteristics, and geomorphologic data. With 800 navigation projects to maintain and repair (25% are more than SO-years old), cost attributable to having no data or poor data could be significant. These data are either unavailable in existing archives, are of uncertain or poor quality, or are too sparsely distributed temporally and/or spatially to have statistical viability. The required data are regional in nature and not properly chargeable to authorized projects. Sufficient time is not available prior to or during project preauthorization planning studies to accumulate the years of base-line data necessary for adequate assessment of technical, economic, and environmental feasibility. Acquisition of the information will be accomplished through the concurrent accumulation of complementary items each of which is unique and contributes certain critically needed data. The program is organized into four subitems: (1) wave information studies; (2) wave gaging; (3) topographic and bathymetric nearshore data; and (4) information management.
SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA:
Estimated Five Year (FY 1998-2002) Program Cost $8,000,000 Allocation Requested for FY 1998 1.500.000 Balance to Complete Five-Year Program after FY 1998 6,500,000 Allocation for FY 1997 1,338,000 Increase (Decrease) of FY 1998 from FY 1997 162,000 Average Annual Allocation for FY 1993-1997 $2,991,200
6 FEB 1997 27 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
2. Collection and Study of Basic Data
c. Other Programs
(6) Coastal Field Data Collection (continued)
JUSTIFICATION:
1. Wave Information Studies. Numerical simulation techniques are used to estimate wave environments, including direction, from weather information. Most wave gage data are non-directional; hindcast data provides 30-37 year directional wave statistics. This information is paramount to the functional/structural design and economic evaluation of coastal navigation projects. Additionally, detailed wind information is produced. These data are made available to Corps of Engineers Districts (in addition to reports) through a computerized coastal engineering data retrieval system, from which most statistical representations desired of waves and water levels can be obtained. Funding required is $400,000.
2. Wave Gaging. High-quality wave data are needed to predict harbor shoaling, harbor oscillation, jetty stabilization, etc. These data are 1imperative for operational guidance of dredging, navigation, maintenance, etc. An historical record of past sever storm events provides the best basis for prediction of future conditions. The objective of the effort is to provide the quantity and quality of timely data required to accurately document characteristics and effects of episodic events such as severe extratropical storms, hurricanes, tsunamis, etc. Upon acquisition, these data are analyzed and made available to Corps engineers, planners, and managers via computer terminals and annual reports. These efforts are coordinated with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the Federal Emergency Management Administration (FEMA), and the data are made available to NOAA and the public. Cooperative agreements for the collection of wave data have been executed with the states of California, Alaska, Florida, Hawaii, Washington, Texas, and Virginia. These agreements provide a mechanism for other Federal, state, and local agencies to cooperate in the collection of coastal data. Funds in the amount of $930,000 will be needed to continue the wave gaging networks on a limited portion of the U.S. coasts.
28 6 FEB 1997 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
2. Collection and Study of Basic Data
c. Other Programs
(6) Coastal Field Data Collection (continued)
3. To_pographic and Bathymetric Nearshore Data: An historical record of past episodic events provides the necessary basis for predicting the results of future occurrences. The objective of this effort is to provide the quantity and quality of timely data required to more accurately document characteristics and effects of episodic coastal events such as extratropical storms, hurricanes, tsunamis, etc. Measurements of storm-induced beach, dune, and nearshore bottom changes are necessary to quantify erosion and storm effects on navigation projects. Storm shoaled channels will limit vessel access and changed bathymetery will change the wave climate at the entrance channel affecting the extent of pitch, roll, and heave a ship will
experience. 1 Near shore berm disposal areas are also significantly affected by large episodic storm events. 1 Funds in the amount of $100,000 are needed to support data collection in this area.
4. Information and Program Management. This task objective is to make coastal data readily available to Corps Districts and Divisions. A standardized data base has been developed so that coastal data formats and analysis procedures are compatible throughout the Corps of Engineers. The value of program data and project-related data is maximized through the use of Corps-wide standards, routine publication of available data (and/or data sources), utilization of a centralized data library, and maintenance of the Coastal Engineering Data Retrieval System. Principal forms of output are information reports, data resource reports, and computer-based data files. The standardized procedures will help avoid intra-agency duplication, minimize data collection efforts, and identify data deficiencies. A minimum maintenance effort will require $70,000.
ACCOMPLISHMENTS: The wave information study has resulted in about 39 years of simulated directional wave data for the Atlantic and Pacific coasts and 30 years for the Gulf coast and the US shores of the Great Lakes. Thirty years of wind data for the three coasts have also been produced. Each year computer models are being used to add a further ·year of current wind and wave information for all coastlines so that the Corps has near real-time data for project use and to increase the statistical validity of the data base.
' Z9 ·-~ u APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
2. Collection and Study of Basic Data
c. Other Programs
(6) Coastal Field Data Collection (continued)
A data assimilation technique was developed to improve computer model calculations through statistical incorporation of measured data. The data base of measured water levels along the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coastlines due to storms (1886-1989) was updated through 1995. Joint efforts have been established with the States of California, Alaska, Texas, Florida, Washington, Oregon and Virginia for collection of wave data. Wave data have been acquired from program gages, numerous specific project stations, and from other agencies. Nearshore bathymetric data for the US coastlines have been incorporated in the database. An information management system was established for dissemination of the simulated and measured wave, water level, and bathymetric data to users through the Internet.
PROGRAM ITEM FY 1997 FY 1998
1. Wave Information $ 400,000 400,000 2. Wave Gaging 888,000 930,000 3. Topographic and Bathymetric Nearshore Data 0 100,000 4. Information Management 50.000 70.000 $1,338,000 $1,500,000
6 FEB 1997 30 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
2. Collection and Study of Basic Data
c. Other Programs
(7) Transportation Systems
~: The Transportation Systems Program is required to support Corps field offices in the accomplishment of navigation project benefit/cost analysis. Planning of waterway and harbor navigation projects requires consideration of benefits and costs within the context of not only the water transportation system, but also the total national transportation system. This centrally managed program is a continuing effort that provides analytical techniques and methods; nationally consistent vessel operating and replacement cost data; updates of world fleet, commodity and traffic forecasts; reports documenting the results of transportation systems analysis; and field support services on a Corps-wide basis. The major purpose of the program is to improve the technical quality, consistency and accuracy of navigation planning studies; to improve the long-range project and plan formulation for navigation system improvements; and to reduce navigation system operating costs and the costs of feasibility studies by making such recurring national scope information available to all Corps field offices on a consistent basis, thus avoiding redundent, duplicative or nationally inconsistent work. The activities of the program include: (1) develop, maintain and improve transportation systems analysis methodologies and data bases used to implement regional waterway projects; (2) develop and test methodology and analytical data bases for inland and deep draft navigation systems; (3) develop procedures and supporting data to allocate fleet and traffic projections, and (4) provide technical assistance to Corps field offices in the implementation of navigation planning methods and the use of analytical data files.
SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA:
Estimated Five-Year (FY 1998-02) Program Cost $4,065,000 Tentative Allocation for FY 1998 800.000 Balance to Complete Five-Year Program after FY 1998 3,265,000 Allocation for FY 1997 803,000 Decrease in FY 1998 from FY 1997 3,000 Average Annual Allocation for FY 1993-97 813,000
31 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
2. Collection and Study of Basic Data
c. Other Programs
(7) Transportation Systems (Continued)
JUSTIFICATION: The $800,000 requested in FY 1998 for Transportation Systems would be used to update data and analysis used for the investment planning for the inland waterways and the development of planning methods, computerized techniques and associated data bases to support project studies. Specifically, $124,000 would be used to provide inland and ocean vessel operating costs used to estimate transportation cost reduction benefits for navigation studies Corps-wide; $294,000 would be used to provide commodity and fleet forecasts of waterborne traffic of deep and shallow draft navigation projects; $27,000 will be used to provide rail, barge and truck models for use in estimating origin-destination transportation savings costs for use by Corps field offices; $55,000 will be used to update the wheat components of the grain transportation cost I model and to' allow the annual update of the model's regional corn and soybean supply/demand relationships; $225,000 will be used to support development of economic and planning portions of the Deep Draft and Inland Navigation Risk and Uncertainty Guidance; and $75,000 will be used to coordinate the navigation research priorities with the Transportation Research Board and to provide consulting technical support services to the Corps District and Division offices.
ACCOMPLISHMENTS:
1. Systems analysis models and supporting data bases have been developed, field tested and systematically updated to improve project planning efficiency.
2. Completed draft guidance, a literature review, a survey of current practices in Corps District offices, and the development of a conceptual systems framework for evaluating risk and uncertainty which incorporates the key variables used in deep draft navigation analysis.
3. Developed required updates of ocean and inland vessel operating costs and distributed the data to Corps field offices.
(; f 32 - ·Lu I.;;.:;, APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
2. Collection and Study of Basic Data
c. Other Programs
(7) Transportation Systems {Continued)
4. Formulated a customized software program for updating the operating costs of deep-draft vessels for use by field planners in the computation of transportation savings benefits.
5. Updated the PC-compatible barge, rail and truck transportation cost models and have initiated a process by which future annual u~dates of the models are automatically available to Corps field offices.·
6. Provided national scope forecasts of deep-draft and shallow-draft fleet and traffic projections for use by District offices.
7. Updated the regional corn, soybean and spring wheat excess demand/supply relationships of the Grain Transportation Systems Model in cooperation with Corps District offices and the Department of Agriculture. Model update.
8. Completed analysis of investment priorities for capacity expansion, correction of condition problems, and small scale improvements under assumptions of constrained budget ceilings and contributions from the Inland Waterways Trust Fund, and completed a report on summary condition indicator estimates for the primary lock within the inland fuel tax system.
9. Initiated work on an updated issue of the Inland Waterways Review (1996-97 edition), which provides an overall summary of waterway traffic trends, lock and segment performance indicators and the status of the planning, design, construction, operations, and rehabilitation programs on the inland waterways.
10. Developed prototype analytical models to: simulate waterway lock operations; improve lock capacity and reduce delays by optimizing chamber assignment, tow sequencing, chamber packing, and tow approach speeds; evaluate the reliability of elements of the inland waterway system; evaluate the causes and effects of service interruptions at locks based on statistical estimation and queuing methods; and to evaluate interacting queues in networks without the expense of simulation.
- 6 FEB 1997 33 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
2. Collection and Study of Basic Data
c. Other Programs
(8) Environmental Data Studies
SCOPE: The Environmental Data Studies program includes general, national or regional environmental data collection; statistical environmental data summaries of regional or national scope; support of field offices in the use of innovative information system technology, including geographic information systems and remote sensing technology to demonstrate the relationship between project-funded environmental activities with national or regional environmental issues; support for attendance to environmental meetings and symposia; where COE presence is required; and the synthesis and dissemination of key emerging environmental issues such as global change and sustainable development within the Corps; the development of analytical models to structure and adapt programmatic or specific environmental data files to the conceptual needs of engineering and\or planning objectives for economies of cost and time, including regional environmental assessment activities related to floods, droughts or climate change and variability and the development of information on the overall environmental program performance of the Corps of Engineers. Environmental data includes biological, physical, and\or cultural resource components, several of which have requirements for periodic reporting on a national basis, some of which are responsive to the needs of international treaties and\or obligations, and some of which are important to understanding the accomplishments of the Corps emerging environmental program. The exchange of data is both intra- and interagency, involving all concerned Federal agencies, notably the Bureau of Reclamation, the Bureau of Land Management, the Fish and Wildlife Service, the Soil Conservation Service, the Forest Service, the National Marine Fisheries Service, the Environmental Protection Agency, the National Ocean Survey, the National Weather Service and Geological Survey. Coordination with State Offices and with independent offices such as the Advisory Council for Historic Preservation, OSTP, NSF, NIST and NRC is also accomplished for issues of concern to the Corps.
_6 FEB 1997 34 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
2. Collection and Study of Basic Data
c. Other Programs
(8) Environmental Data Studies
SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA: Estimated Five-Year (FY 1998-2002) Program Cost $500,000 Tent.a ti ve Allocation for FY 1998 100,000 Balance to Complete Five-Year Program after FY 1998 400,000 Allocation for FY 1997 - 0 - Increase in FY 1998 above FY 1997 100,000 Average Annual Allocation for FY 1998 - 2002 100,000
JUSTIFICATION: Funds in the amount of $100,00 are requested to resume the Environmental Data Studies Program and to improve environmental program management performance. Funds will be used to support collection and sharing of environmental information for national and regional inventories and assessments and train field personnel in its access and use. The aim is to reduce costs, avoid duplication, improve procedures for complying with environmental statutes, and focus on environmental issues of national and\or regional significance.
6 F:£8 i997 35 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
2. Collection and Study of Basic Data
c. Other Programs
(9) Remote Sensing Systems Support
This item supports the overall technology transfer requirement of the Corps Civil Works Program for Remote Sensing systems, which is the responsibility of the Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL) through its Remote Sensing/Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Center.
SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA
Estimated Five-Year (FY 1998-2002) Program Cost $2,100,000 Appropriation Requested for FY 1998 420,000 I Balance to Complete Five-Year Program after FY 1998 1,680,000 Appropriation for FY 1997 268,000 Increase of FY 1998 over FY 1997 152,000
JUSTIFICATION:
The Remote Sensing/GIS Center is the Corps Center of Expertise for Civil Works remote sensing and GIS technologies. The Center supports the Corps with hydrologic meteorological, and environmental data sets to accomplish its mission and provides support in the use of these technologies for emergency operations. The Center evaluates state-of-the-art technologies regarding sensor systems, and data collection and analysis systems, integrating these technologies into the Corps Districts, Divisions, and other agencies as appropriate.
- 6 FEB i997 36 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
2. Collection and Study of Basic Data
c. other Programs
(9) Remote Sensing Systems Support (continued)
ACCOMPLISHMENTS IN FY 1997:
1. Supported the Remote Sensing/Oil Spill and other applied engineering project (water control and reservoir regulation, emergency management, oil spill clean up, etc.) through interaction with Corps field offices.
2. Acted as technology point of contact for the Corps of Engineers for remote sensing and GIS technologies.
3. Provided assistance on the integration of near real time radar and other dynamic and statistical data sets into Corps water control and natural resources activities, including reservoir regulation, navigation, water supply, dam safety, etc.). I
4. Continued coordination with NASA on Mission-To-Planet Earth Program and potential technology applications (hydrology, hydraulics, environmental monitoring, and climate change) to Corps programs.
s. Provided state of the art remote sensing, image processing and geospatial data systems support to the Corps Civil Works Program.
6. Continued technology transfer through training courses and technical demonstrations.
7 .. Provided administrative and technical support to Corps District Offices for input to the snowmelt subroutines in models for reservoir regulation and water control data management system.
8. Continued to participate in defining geospatial data (metadata) requirements for Corps districts and divisions.
. 6 - ~1~ 37 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
2. Collection and Study of Basic Data
c. Other Programs
(9) Remote Sensing Systems Support (continued)
9. Supported one-stop service requests from Corps divisions and districts.
10. Assisted in the development and testing of software to merge remotely sensed data with GIS for use in water control data management activities at Corps Districts.
11. Participated as technical advisor in the Corps field emergency management preparedness exercises.
12. Provided technical support to districts and divisions in major natural disasters (hurricanes, floods, and earthquakes) and support districts and .di visions in the process.
13. Participated with the Tri-Service Computer-Aided Design and Drafting(CADD)/GIS Technical Center's field work groups to coordinate and implement the use of GIS at Corps field offices.
14. Provided emergency management assistance to other federal agencies (FEMA, NOAA, EPA, DOE, Navy) and support of the Federal Geographic Data Committee.
6 FE.8 1937 38 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
2. Collection and Study of Basic Data
c. Other Programs
(10) Flood Damage Data Program
SCOPE: The Flood Damage Data Program is required to facilitate the collection and maintenance of basic flood damage data to support Corps field offices in accomplishment of flood damage reduction studies. Planning and evaluation of flood damage reduction projects requires knowledge of actual damages caused to various types of properties. The relationships between flood depth, water velocities, debris content, value and type of property, and the amount of damage are essential to making good estimates of the value of projects. The distributions of damages resulting from the various factors involved are needed for risk analysis framework adopted for water resource studies. Damage data are obtained in some instances when funded studies are underway when a damaging event occurs. In most instances when flooding occurs there are no current studies in the area or other funding mechanism to collect the requisite data to be used in future analysis or to report and accurately record the damages incurred and account for the effect of the environmental factors which caused the damages. Currently no centralized flood damage data source exists from which to retrieve basic data for research efforts and for specific project studies. The major purpose of the program is to improve the technical quality and ac~uracy of flood damage data, to improve the understanding of the interrelationships of the characteristics of flooding on property damage, to improve the formulation of flood damage reduction projects, and reduce the costs of feasibility studies. The activities of the program include: (1) conduct actual flood damage surveys immediately following flood events, and (2) develop, maintain, and improve the economic database for flood reduction projects,and calculate flood functions.
SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA:
Estimated Five-Year (FY 1998-02) Program Costs $2,000,000 Tentative allocation for FY 1998 $ 400.000 Balance to Complete Five-Year Program after FY 1998 $1,600,000 Allocation for FY 1997 223,000 Increase of FY 1998 from FY 1997 +177,000 Average Annual Allocation for FY 1993 - 97 $ 44,600
6 FEB 1997 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
2. Collection and Study of Basic Data
c. Other Programs
(10) Flood Damage Data Program
JUSTIFICATION: The $400,000 requested in FY 1998 for Flood Damage Data would be used to establish a National database system for reporting and maintenance of flood damage data collected, develop and maintain data collection survey forms, and collect post flood damage data. Specifically, $80,000 would be used to develop the National flood damage database and compute damage functions, and $320,00CT would be used to collect damage data for approximately eight flood events.
40 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
2. Collection and Study of Basic Data
c. Other Programs
(11) Automated Information Systems Support - Tri-Service CADD/GIS Technology Center
Allocation for FY 1997 $580,000 Tentative allocation for FY 1998 $650,000
Although this effort involves some executive direction and management, it primarily provides technical support to engineers and scientists utilizing CADD and GIS technology in the planning, design, construction, operation and maintenance of Corps projects. However, as there is no way of calculating the benefits which individual projects receive from the CADD/GIS Center, the Corps does not propose to charge projects and programs for the Civil Works share of its maintenance costs.
SCOPE: In 1992, the former Army Corps of Engineers' Computer Aided Design and Drafting {CADD) Center, located at the Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station {WES), was expanded to an Army, Navy, Air Force {Tri-Service) center, including the addition of Geographic Information Systems {GIS) technology, by a joint agreement between the Corps, the Naval Facilities Engineering Command, and the Air Force Civil Engineer to reduce duplication of effort between the three services in the management of CADD/GIS technology for facilities and environmental engineering. As a result, this Center is a multi-service vehicle to set standards, coordinate CADD/GIS systems uses, promote system integration, support centralized acquisition, and provide assistance for the installation, training, operation, and maintenance of CADD/GIS systems within the DoD facilities and environmental communities, including the Corps districts. All Corps districts use CADD, GIS and computer mapping systems in all phases of Corps projects, including planning, real estate, design, construction, operations, maintenance and readiness which benefit from these efforts. For FY 1997, the Army/Navy/Air Force portion was $2,400,000 and the Civil Works portion was $580,000, for a total of $2,980,000. The $650,000 requested for FY 1998 for the Civil Works portion will support approximately 1,000 workstations and 2,000 users of CADD/GIS technologies for Civil Works Projects.
6 F£B 1997 41. APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
2. Collection and Study of Basic Data
c. Other Programs
(11) Automated Information Systems Support - Tri-Service CADD/GIS Technology Center (continued)
SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA:
Estimated Five-Year (FY 1998-2002) Program Cost $3,250,000 Tentative Allocation for FY 1998 650,000 Balance to Complete Five-Year Program after FY 1998 2,600,000 Allocation for FY 1997 580,000 Increase in FY 1998 above FY 1997 70,000 Average Annual Allocation for FY 1993-1997 636,000
JUSTIFICATION: All Corps districts use CADD, GIS and computer mapping systems. Practically all engineering drafting tables have been replaced with CADD platforms or computer mapping systems and much environmental and natural resources analysis are being performed on GIS platforms. Many of the geospatial data standard efforts of the Center are necessary for the Corps Civil Works program to comply with the Spatial Data Transfer Standards (SDTS) contained in the Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) 173 and to have standard civil works features accepted into the Defense Data Dictionary System (DDDS). FIPS compliant data standards which are developed by the Center are used for both in-house and contractor produced drawings, maps and analyses. The Center is actively coordinating its CADD standards with the National Institute of Building Sciences to achieve industry consensus, thus reducing the redundancy with the private sector and reducing cost for both government and business. The Center ensures that the Corps obtains the maximum return on its investment in CADD and GIS by coordinating development efforts and distributing end products to Corps offices. The CADD and GIS systems at field offices can achieve maximum productivity when they take advantage of the economies of scale offered by sharing the development and use of common data standards, procedures, and applications. This sharing is accelerated through a concerted effort by the Center, working with various field task groups, to draw from field expertise and dissemination of this knowledge in the form of lessons learned and standards to benefit all Corps users. Comprehensive data standards supported by the Center permit government and industry users to produce equivalent designs, maps and analyses on a variety of computer systems using leading off-the-shelf CADD and GIS software.
r: ~ FED 1997 42 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
2. Collection and Study of Basic Data
c. Other Programs
(11) Automated Information Systems Support - Tri-Service CADD/GIS Technology Center (continued)
This assures that all Corps offices have the ability to share and exchange their work among themselves and with others, including the private sector.
ACCOMPLISHMENTS IN FY 1997:
1. Tri-Service geospatial data standards were modified to be compliant with FIPS 173 and corresponding data elements of the Defense Information System Agency's Defense Data Dictionary System to create a National GIS Standard. Documentation and software were also developed to implement these standards.
2. Implementation software was developed for the Tri-Service Architecture/Engineering/Construction (A/E/C) CADD standards along with non-graphic features and attributes, including coordination with the National Institute of Building Sciences in working towards the completion of the first National CADD Standards.
3. Published a report on Tri-Service A/E/C CADD and GIS contract deliverables guidelines which established formats and submission requirements for CADD and GIS projects.
4. Developed the first version of the facility management (FM) standards.
5. Added 500 generic metric construction details for the geotechnical, interior design, and landscape disciplines to the CADD Details Library on CD-ROM.
6. Developed formats and procedures for electronic distribution of construction contract bid sets.
43 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
The Corps must pursue an aggressive R&D effort to take advantage of rapidly developing technologies and techniques which offer the possibility of significant monetary savings and greater reliability, safety, and overall effectiveness. The added complexities of downsizing, environmental and social considerations, energy conservation, and the mounting concern with urban problems necessitate, more than ever, increased emphasis on new approaches and methods.
The Civil Works R&D program is formulated to directly support the established business practices and strategic directions of the Civil Works Program including: flood control; inland and coastal navigation; environmental quality (including environmental compliance, environmental restoration and the Corps regulatory responsibilities); water supply, hydropower and related water management issues; emergency operations; and recreation. The Civil Works R&D requirements are primarily user driven and the effort is essentially a "problem solving" process by which the Corps systematically examines new ideas, approaches, and techniques, with a view toward improving the efficiency of its planning, design, construction, operations and maintenance activities.
Results of this R&D effort are directly incorporated into practice within the Civil Works Program through the Civil Works Guidance Maintenance Program involving revisions or additions to Engineer Regulations, Engineer Manuals, Technical Guidance Manuals, Engineer Technical Letters, or Guide Specifications. Numerous other means of internal technology transfer are also used such as the Corps training courses, workshops, and other professional contacts. In considering the Civil Works R&D program against the background of the Civil Works mission it supports, it is noted that this mission is the most widespread and varied of the several Federal water resources programs. Yet in comparison to many other Federal agencies and private industry, the Corps of Engineers spends very little on R&D. The request for $28,500,000 of General Investigations funds for the FY 1998 program would accomplish only the very highest priority R&D needs.
COORDINATION:
The Corps manages and conducts Civil Works R&D through its four research laboratories: the Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL) at Hanover, NH; the Construction Engineering Research Laboratories (CERL) at Champaign, IL; the Waterways
6 FEB 1997 44 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998
3. Research and Development {cont}
Experiment Station (WES) at Vicksburg, MS; and the Topographic Engineering Center (TEC) at Fort Belvoir, VA. Some elements of Civil Works R&D are also assigned to the Corps Institute for Water Resources (IWR) at Fort Belvoir, VA and the Hydrologic Engineering Center (HEC) at Davis, CA. Approximately sixty-five percent of the current research effort is accomplished in-house and the remainder is done under contract by universities or private firms.
In order to most effectively utilize limited R&D resources and to avoid unnecessary duplication of research effort, the Civil Works R&D Program maintains an aggressive external technical exchange and technology transfer. The Corps Laboratories hosted the Biennial Interagency Resea~ch Coordination Conference at WES· in October 1995. This biennial coordination conference has proven to be the most effective single mechanism for interagency coordination. The exchange of information eliminates undesirable overlap and duplication of research in scientific and engineering fields relating to water resources development. In addition to the primary involvement of the TVA, Bureau of Reclamation, Bonneville Power Administration, Western Power Administration, and the Corps as the five "member agencies", several other agencies, including the Soil Conservation Service, EPA, and the Fish and Wildlife Service, contribute. In addition, Corps researchers are in continuous close contact with NOAA, USGS, USCG, NASA, ·DOT, NIST, FHWA, US Nuclear Regulatory Commission, the U.S. Navy, and state and local governments concerning Civil Works R&D activities.
Corps researchers also maintain continuing contact with the research activities of universities and industry through regular membership in such organizations as the American Society of Civil Engineers, the Civil Engineering Research Foundation, the American Concrete Institute, the American Society of Testing and Materials, the International Conference on Coastal Engineering, the American Association of Port Authorities, the Coastal Society, the Offshore Technology Conference, International Society of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, U.S. and International Committees on Large Dams, and the Permanent International Association of Navigation Congresses. The Corps also participates extensively with the Transportation Research Board, the Water Science and Technology Board, and the Marine Board of the National Research Counsel in coordinating and leveraging research activities.
45 6 FEB i997 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998
3. Research and Development {cont}
SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA
Estimated Five Year (FY 1998-FY 2002) Program Cost $153,500,000 Allocation Requested for FY 1998 28,500,000 Balance to Complete Five Year Program after FY 1998 125,000,000 Allocation for FY 1997 18,910,000 Increase of FY 1998 over FY 1997 9,590,000 Average Annual Allocation for FY 1993-FY 1997 21,129,000
CURRENT RESEARCH EFFORT: The proposed FY 1998 R&D Program has been restructured to more accurately reflect the Civil Works business practices and the anticipated technological emphasis and requirements of the Civil Works Program and its evolving missions during the next five-year planning period, and for more effective R&D Program management and the development of the most needed R&D products. Major areas of restructuring include combining on-going R&D programs supporting the diverse environmental requirements of the CW program into an overall Environmental Quality Research Area. This was necessary to more accurately manage and coordinate the increasingly diverse and interrelated nature of R&D requirements within this research area. The Materials Research Area was renamed the Materials/Structural Engineering Research Area to more accurately portray the scope of this effort and the Corps increasing interest in high performance construction materials and systems for c©st-effective project construction, rehabilitation, and project retrofitting within areas of seismic concern and infrastructure renewal. The Surveying/Remote Sensing Research Area has been expanded in scope to fully explore and develop cost-effective Corps management tools required for spatial data management needs throughout the Civil Works program. Work will primarily focus on such rapidly expanding technologies as GIS, Differential Global Positioning Systems, air-borne laser surveying systems/platforms, and the anticipated deployment of several new earth-orbiting remote data collection sensors. Another research focus will be Innovative Design and Construction Techniques for Navigation Projects to reduce navigation systems down-time and provide lower cost, more efficient and durable infrastructure for our national waterway system. The Risk Analysis Research effort will be integrated into technical application areas in FY98 to assure the research products will have direct applications to field needs. Finally, the Coastal Engineering Research Area has been reconfigured into the Coastal Navigation and Storm Damage Reduction Research Area to more accurately convey the scope of this research and its increasing focus on coastal navigation and related sediment
46 :s FEB 1S37 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998
3. Research and Development {cont) management issues. This R&D Program now includes seven, major research focus areas, as listed below: * Materials/Structural Engineering: Includes specific R&D programs on Soils, Rock, Concrete, Structural Engineering and Electrical/Mechanical Engineering. * Coastal Navigation ahd Storm Damage Reduction: Includes specific R&D programs on Harbor Entrances and Coastal Channels; Coastal Sedimentation and Dredging; and Coastal Structure Evaluation ·and Design. *Inland Navigation and Flood Damage Reduction: Includes specific R&D programs on Flood Control Structures; Inland Navigation Hydraulics; Hydrologic Engineering; Water Resources of Cold Regions; Ice Engineering; and Flood Channels. * Environmental Quality: Includes specific R&D programs on Natural Resources Management; Long-Term Effects of Dredging Operations; Water Quality Assessment and Management; and Environmental Impact Research. * Water Resources Management Research: Includes specific research on Improved Planning Methodologies and advancements in Program and Project Management Techniques, and an improvement in operations and maintenance management techniques. * Surveying/Remote Sensing: Includes specific R&D programs on Surveying and Mapping; and Remote Sensing. * Innovative Design & Construction Techniques for Navigation Projects: Includes development of new methods, materials, and systems for rapid, durable cost-effective construction and rehabilitation of the national navigation infrastructure.
[6 FEB iS:i/ 47 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998
3. Research and Development (cont}
FY 1997 FY 1998 RESEARCH AREA ALLOCATION TENTATIVE ALLOCATION a. Materials/Structural Engineering $ 3,622,000 $ 3,900,000 b. Coastal Navigation and Storm Damage Reduction 4,309,000 5,600,000 c. Inland Navigation & Flood Damage Reduction 3,997,000 5,100,000 d. Environmental Quality 3,253,000 5,500,000 e. Water Resources Management 1,370,000 1,900,000 f. Surveying & Remote Sensing 1,383,000 3,500,000 Risk Analysis for Water Resources Investments 976,000 0 g. Innovative Design and Construction Techniques for Navigation Projects 0 3,000,000
$18,910,000 $28,500,000
48 APPROPRIATION TITLE: GENERAL INVESTIGATION, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
a. Materials/Structural Engineering
SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA
Estimated Five-Year (FY 1998-2002) Program Cost $20,800,000 Allocation Requested for FY 1998 3,900,000 Balance to Complete Five-Year Program after FY 1998 16,900,000 Allocation for FY ,1997 3,622,000 Increase of FY 1998 from FY 1997 278,000 Average Annual Allocation for FY 1993 - 1997 2,574,000
FY 1998 ACTIVITY
The USACE is responsible for 879 flood control projects and 442 lakes and reservoirs. The USACE provides navigation on 25,000 miles of inland and coastal waterways, operates 235 navigation locks and 73 hydropower projects, and maintains 400 miles of coastal structures and 114 major ports. These are unique facilities whose failure would result in severe loss o,f life and/or have a significant economic impact. Thirty-four percent of the over 1,200 facilities that the USACE operates reaches or exceeds their design life of SO years. Operation and maintenance needs of these assets have grown from $0.2 billion in 1970 to $1.8 billion in 1996 and are increasing at a rate of over $50 million per year. All of these USACE facilities are built from rock, soil, concrete, steel, or some combination of the materials investigated under this research area. The focus of the Materials and Structural Engineering research area is to provide new or enhanced technologies to extend the life and reduce future operational costs of Corps' civil works facilities. These technologies will be produced by aggressively developing high-performance materials and systems with major emphasis in reducing rehabilitation and maintenance costs; refining material characterization; and improving analytical procedures to assess the adequacy of these aging facilities and for the design/analysis of rehabili tation measures. The results of this research will furnish the USACE with improved analy sis technologies to ensure a continued high level of safety and reliability;
49 APPROPRIATION TITLE: GENERAL INVESTIGATION, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
a. Materials/Structural Engineering (continued) and technologies to more economically design and construct required remedial and rehabili tation improvements. The recent Return on Investment Study indicated that the benefits for products developed under the Materials and Structural Engineering Research Area are generally six times greater than the research investment. In FY 1998, three major thrhsts will be specifically stressed: 1. The Concrete and Structural Engineering Research program will emphasize development of efficient concrete and structural engineering technology to significantly reduce construction and rehabilitation costs and to improve the durability, service life, and safety of Corps' hydraulic structJres. New technology will be developed in the areas of fracture analysis of concrete gravity structures, computer-aided analysis of welds, soil-structure interaction techniques, and nonlinear incremental structural analysis of mass concrete structures. Research on welds will provide designers with guidance necessary to eliminate maintenance welds which have resulted in fatigue and fracture of existing hydraulic steel structures. New nonlinear numerical procedures for predicting the causes of cracking of concrete hydraulic structures will eliminate costly repairs. Preliminary research on the nonlinear incremental structural analysis of mass concrete has significantly changed construction practices, saving millions of dollars on a number of projects on the Mississippi, Ohio, and Red Rivers. 2. The Geotechnical Research program will emphasize development of new or enhanced technologies to extend the life and reduce the cost of the Corps' civil works facilities and to ensure the continued safety of dams, levees, foundations, and appurtenant natural and man-made slopes. Improvements of numerical modeling techniques will allow more accurate and reliable assessments of the safety of existing structures and dams subjected to large deformations caused by weak foundations and improved analyses of deep foundation systems and tunnel features. The development of a predictive model for spillway channel erosion in rock will address a particularly critical need expressed by Corps' field elements. Several expected developments in subsurface exploration and in providing predictive indices for evaluating mechanical excavatability of rock mass will not only have design and safety benefits but will also reduce litigation and claims costs arising from contractor "changed conditions" allegations.
~-6 FEB 1997 50 APPROPRIATION TITLE: GENERAL INVESTIGATION, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
a. Materials/Structural Engineering (continued)
Methods to analyze and design reinforced earth structures will permit the height of levees to be increased while reducing the cost of additional right of way. Development of more expedient and reliable tests and techniques to determine soil properties will directly support improved safety assessments and applications of new or enhanced technologies. Controlled experiments on cone penetrometer and other in-situ test devices will resolve uncertainties in their use, enhancing their potential for obtaining more extensive and· reliable subsurface soil data faster and cheaper than conventional means. Application guidance for the family of methods included under the general category of trenchless technology will allow cost-effective underground infrastructure rehabilitation or construction with minimum disruption to surf ace structures and facilities and will improve safety when compared with open trenches.
3. The High-Performance Materials and Systems program will be initiated to develop the high-performance materials and systems that will enable the Corps to significantly !reduce project deli very times and operations, maintenance, and rehabilitation costs. Examples of technologies with large potential benefits include: (a) monolithic structural membranes (three-dimensional steel mesh in a ,polymer mortar) for very thin, crack-free overlays of large areas, (b) controlled permeability form work for high-strength, durable, aesthetically- pleasing concrete surfaces, (c) carbon fiber and epoxy resin composites for overlays and external reinforcing of existing concrete structures, (d) shrinkage reducing admixtures that will eliminate debonding and minimize cracking in concrete repair sections, (e) use of innovative materials for improving the properties of shotcrete (pneumatically applied mortar or concrete), and (f) high-performance, low-maintenance, protective coatings, replacement materials, and cathodic protection systems that, in addition to meeting the Corps unique operational needs, will meet increasingly stringent environmental compliance, health, and safety requirements. To take full advantage of these new technologies, research will be conducted to evaluate their application to civil works structures, demonstrate their use, develop performance envelopes, and optimize design criteria.
6 FEB 1997 51. APPROPRIATION TITLE: GENERAL INVESTIGATION, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
a. Materials/Structural Engineering (continued)
FY 1997 ACCOMPLISHMENTS
1. Guidance was developed on the use of fine-aggregate field moisture meters. This guidance can be used to improve the field control of the water-to-cement ratio of concrete mixtures. The water-to-cement ratio of concrete affects the strength and durability of the concrete and, thus, better control produces better concrete.
2. A procedure was developed for estimating the early-age strength of in-place mass concrete by use of a maturity method (the maturity method uses a combination of temperature and time to estimate the concrete's strength by use of a mathematical formula). This procedure can be very helpful in.determining removal times of concrete form work.
3. The use of concrete admixtures to improve horizontal construction joints in mass concrete structures was evaluated. These admixtures can be used to reduce the effort required to prepare construction joints and still result in construction of durable, watertight hydraulic structures.
4. Guidance was developed that will enable Corps Division laboratory and field representatives to predict and address concrete workability problems in a more timely and satisfactory manner. This guidance will result in fewer contractor claims against the Corps.
5. An image-based computer simulation of the microstructure of cement systems was developed that can serve as a basis for optimizing the physical properties of various cementitious systems. Applications include investigating mixtures with various mineral admixtures and addressing aspects of durability. These computational studies will result in cost savings in time and materials for batching prototype mixtures.
52 APPROPRIATION TITLE: GENERAL INVESTIGATION, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
a. Materials/Structural Engineering (continued) 6. Techniques were further refined to analyze the behavior of structures and soil masses undergoing large deformations, such as those associated with very soft foundation soils. Computational tools were developed to assist design engineers in evaluating the movements and impacts of these movements on structures on soft or weak soils. These tools, in their early developmental stages, were used to establish design criteria for sheet pile floodwalls built on soft soils in the New Orleans District; documented cost savings on four projects were $7.4 million. Since this type of structure is commonly needed for flood protection in low-lying areas with soft soils, even larger savings will be realized in time. 7. Analytical tools were further developed for the design of earth embankments using reinforcement such as geosynthetics. While earth embankments are generally cost competitive with sheet-pile walls, reinforced earth embankments are cheaper because the side slopes can be steeper thus reducing the amount of right of way that must be acquired for construction. This benefit has not been previously realized because design and analysis procedures were inadequate. The improved design tools, even in the development stages, led to savings of $500,000 on the Sargent Beach Erosion Protection Project in the Galveston District. 8. Reliable guidance was developed that allows rapid, economical cone penetration tests to be used with confidence. These tests have been used for years to evaluate embankments and foundation conditions, especially for very soft soils or sands that are difficult to sample. However, previous use and interpretation of these tests required extensive judgment and experience. 9. An improved procedure was developed for laboratory consolidation testing of soils. The procedure is less time-consuming and provides information that previously required additional tests.
tB FEB rnn 53 APPROPRIATION TITLE: GENERAL INVESTIGATION, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
a. Materials/Structural Engineering (continued} 10. A new three-dimensional (3-D) block kinematics theory was developed and incorporated into the discontinuous deformation analysis code developed during previous years. The resulting 3-D code is the most advanced computer program available for modeling blocky systems such as dam foundation/structure interactions, underground power houses, tunnels, and large concrete structures. The improved numerical modeling capability will produce more accurate engineering solutions by reducing uncertainties common in ·other two-dimensional (2-D) and 3-D codes. 11. A variety of computer-aided engineering tools have been developed to assist the structural engineer with design and analysis of Corps' hydraulic structures. A computer application for using the ring shear method for analysis of retaining walls was completed this year. The total number of validated analysis and design tools to assist the field offices in designing cost-effective hydraulic structures is now 114. The field offices have identified savings of over $5 million a year through the reduction of man hours by psing these practical computer tools for each of the past 8 years. Newly-developed procedures from this program have been used on all recently-designed hydraulic structures. 12. Numerical procedures were developed to model the welding of connections in miter gates. Using these numerical procedures, guidance was developed to minimize fatigue and fra~ture problems in miter gate members and connections on other hydraulic steel structures. 1 13. A nonlinear computational procedure for evaluating the effects of cracking in mass concrete structures was developed. This computational procedure can be used to determine the effect of the cracks on the function and integrity of the structure and can save millions of dollars by eliminating unnecessary remedial measures, such as installation of anchors.
54 6 FEB i997 APPROPRIATION TITLE: GENERAL INVESTIGATION, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
a. Materials/Structural Engineering (continued)
14. Procedures were developed for accurate measurement of the early-time creep and shrinkage properties of concrete while the material is changing from a plastic to a solid state. The use of these data in the Nonlinear Incremental Structure Analysis (NISA) model will permit sound engineering decisions to be made which will produce more economical structures without jeopardizing reliability and safety (e.g., maximum concrete lift height, minimum wall thickness, and minimum concrete insulation requirement during curing) .
15. A Commercial Item Description (CID) was developed for greaseless bushings for use on hydraulic structures. The Corps of Engineers Greaseless Bushings Test Procedure that was developed to test the bushings is currently the industrial benchmark for bushing systems. Greaseless bushings eliminate the potential pollution of waterways by lubricants used on navigation and hydropowered dam gates.
16. Developed CIDs which eliminate the need for the currently used Government specifications for epoxy zinc primers, epoxy topcoats, and epoxy mastic maintenance coatings and allow the purchase of paints that will meet the newly enacted EPA national architectural regulations.
17. Videotapes to improve the documentation of inspection and the evaluation of applied coatings were completed and are available to field installations. These videotapes show Government inspectors how to be more effective in the inspection of painting projects.
18. A CID was developed for ceramic-coated hydraulic piston rods for use on locks and dams. Ceramic-coated piston rods improve performance and durability of the hydraulic pistons used on civil works facilities.
~6 55 - F£8 i~37 APPROPRIATION TITLE: GENERAL INVESTIGATION, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
a. Materials/Structural Engineering (continued) 19. A cost-shared field prototype demonstration project was initiated to study the feasibility of high-performance composite pilings for application in the marine environment. A Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRDA) was signed with the Greater New Orleans Expressway Commission to develop, install, and monitor the performance of the advanced composite pilings at Lake Pontchartrain. These high-performance composite pilings have the potential benefits of improved durability, reduced life-cycle cost, and reduced construction time. The key performance data resulting from this demonstration project will provide the basis for the application and adoption of the new high performance composite pilings that will significantly improve the Corps and nation's infrastructure.
56 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
b. Coastal Navigation and Storm Damage Reduction
SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA
Estimated Five-Year (FY 1998-2002) Program Cost 28,000,000 Allocation Requested for FY 1998 5,600,000 Balance to Complete Five-Year Program After FY 1998 22,400,000 Allocation for FY 1997 4,309,000 Increase of FY 1998 Over FY 1997 1,291,000 Average Annual Allocation for FY 1993-1997 5,141,000 I \ JUSTIFICATION:
Existing Federal coastal infrastructure includes 800 coastal navigation projects with more than 400 miles of navigation structures such as breakwaters and jetties and approximately 100 flood-damage reduction and other related coastal projects. Projected planning, design, and construction costs average about $500 million per year for these projects. Additionally, about 85% of the Corps' dredging costs of almost $500 million annually are incurred dredging deep-draft channels that are mostly in the coastal zone. The Federal commitment for existing Congressionally authorized coastal storm-damage-reduction projects over the next 50 years will exceed $2.7 billion. Navigation projects also must be designed to not incur Federal liability by producing adverse effects on adjacent shorelines.
The objective of this Program is to develop engineering technology that reduces the costs of planning, designing, constructing, maintaining, and operating coastal (including Great Lakes) projects for harbors and channels to support both large ocean-going and shallow draft vessels involved in US and international commerce, coastal structures built for navigation, and flood-damage reduction works. At the same time the Program develops technology to improve project performance. Engineering tools, computer models, and design guidance are developed for predicting and determining how to modify movement of sediment that clogs naviagation channels and harbors and must be dredged at considerable cost,
[6 FEB i%7 57 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
b. Coastal Navigation and Storm Damage Reduction (cont)
currents that affect navigation and sedimentation, waves that impact structures and drive sedimentation processes, and water levels that affect navigation and flooding. The strategic objectives of this research area include generalized guidance to minimize channel shoaling at navigation projects and harbor entrances; cost-effective technologies for coastal structural design and rehabilitation; and a regional focus on sedimentation management to optimize beneficial placement of dredged sediments and minimize project impacts on adjacent shorelines.
MAJOR FEATURES OF THE FY 1998 PROGRAM: Major thrusts in the Program include coastal sedimentation and dredging, coastal structure evaluation, design and rehabilitation, and coastal navigation project design.
1. Sedimentation and Dredging. Knowledge of sediment and related hydrodynamic processes is critical to produce cost-effective plans and designs for effective maintenance of navigation projects, estimate channel shoaling, locate optimum nearshore and open-water dredged-material placement, determine movement of dredged material deposited in the nearshore, assess the impact of navigation projects and structures on adjacent shorelines, and reduce costs and improve performance of existing storm-damage reduction projects using sediment nourishment. Technologies are being developed to measure sediment transport, provide fundamental knowledge required to significantly reduce channel sedimentation and minimize or mitigate navigation-project impacts. Instruments developed to measure sediment transport will be field tested, sediment transport rates will be measured during storms, a large-scale laboratory facility will be constructed and tested to develop long-shore sediment transport relationships for coastal-navigation project design, and a method developed for identifying the depth of maximum sediment motion for improved determination of sediment movement on project and regional scales.
2. Navigation Structures. Developing, improving, and protecting coastal navigation projects frequently require construction of structures such as breakwaters, groins, seawalls, revetments, and jetties. These structures must be able to function cost effectively while withstanding the wave and current forces. Technologies are being
-· _ 6 FEB 1997 58 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
b. Coastal Navigation and Storm Damage Reduction (cont)
developed to predict the performance of navigation structures. Design criteria for CORE LOC, the world's most stable navigation-structure armor unit (developed via this Program), will be completed. Methods are being developed for reliability-based coastal navigation structure design to reduce costly overdesign and for repair and rehabilitation of coastal structures. Design guidance is being developed for the hydraulic stability of breakwaters and jetties and for stone placement in construction of navigation structures.
3. Project Design. Coastal project design requires the ability to look at the whole life-cycle project, i.e., the planning, design, construction, operation, and maintenance processes, viable alternatives and optimization, functional performance, and project impacts. An integrated computer modeling system for reliable, cost-effective design of coastal engineering projects is being developed to improve design capabilities and allow for efficient, accurate assessment of alternative projects. An improved computer model for harbor design and evaluation is being developed; the Coastal Engineering Manual (CEM), a state-of-the-art and comprehensive manual which incorporates all the tools and procedures used in planning, design, construction, maintenance, and mitigation of coastal navigation projects, will also continue to be developed.
ACCOMPLISHMENTS IN FY 1997
1. Provided improved validation of major wave models that calculate wave transformation over highly irregular bathymetry common at Corps projects. Validated models are required to accurately predict wave height for design of safe, reliable cost-effective coastal navigation projects. For new structures, improved accuracy of wave height prediction can result in cost savings that exceed $10 million each while reducing rehabilitation and maintenance costs by $1 million each per year.
2. Collected and analyzed wave data from a special array of wave gages on the Pacific Coast that can accurately determine extreme wave energy parameters important to Pacific Coast navigation projects. Extreme wave energy environments on Pacific Ocean
-B FEB 1997 59 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
b. Coastal Navigation and Storm Damage Reduction (cont} coasts complicate engineering design and require data for development and verification of design tools.
3. Developed advanced electronic sensors for measuring sediment transport. Sediment transport data are critical for determining optimum dredging requirements for maintenance of coastal navigation channels.
4. Completed parts of the comprehensive Coastal Engineering Manual (CEM): "Coastal Structural Design" and "Planning and Design of Coastal Projects." The CEM will be an updated stbte-of-the-art replacement for the manual which has been the standard for coastal engineers worldwide. Interim guidance was provided to field.
5. Developed automated model for design of Dolos armor units used to protect navigation breakwaters subject to large waves. The reliability model will reduce costly overdesign or underdesign that can lead to catastrophic failure of structures and has the potential for savings of over $1 million per application.
6. Developed automated coastal modeling system engineering module for sediment volume requirements for storm-damage reduction project design.
7. Developed procedures to optimize the design of revetments and seawalls. The technology developed has improved runup estimates by 25% while new seawall designs have reduced overtopping rates by tenfold. These new designs will result in substantial damage reduction savings.
8. Developed improved sediment movement model. Prediction of sediment movement is critical to maintaining coastal navigation channels and determining dredged material disposal alternatives.
60 :s FEB 1997 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
b. Coastal Navigation and Storm Damage Reduction (cont)
9. Developed structural model for concrete armor unit design. Improved, optimized concrete armor design can provide significant costs savings of $1 million per application for initial construction and $1 million per year in lower operation and maintenance costs.
10. Developed guidance, to identify and minimize effects of seawalls on beaches. Mitigation of impacts of navigation structures on adjacent shorelines is a critical Corps role.
6 FEB 1997 61. APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
c. Inland Navigation and Flood Damage Reduction
SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA
Estimated Five-Year (FY 1998-2002) Program Cost 27,200,000 Allocation Requested for FY 1998 5,100,000 Balance to Complete Five-Year Program after 1997 2 2 ' 1 0 0 ' .o 0 0 Allocation for FY 1997 3,997,000 Increase of FY 1998 over FY 1997 1,103,000 Average Annual Allocation for FY 1992-1996 4,279,000
JUSTIFICATION
This program area supports research and development in the primary Civil Works mission areas of Navigation and Flood Damage Reduction. The Corps of Engineers operates and maintains approximately 12,000 miles of shallow draft navigation channels for commercial interstate transportation. These channels contain 275 lock chambers to service the commercial tows and other vessels that transit the waterways; 26 of these locks are over 100 years old. The 299 deep-draft harbors maintained by the Corps handle 95 percent of the U.S. overseas trade by weight and directly shape local and regional economies with $586.4 billion in foreign trade value in 1994 and make substantial contributions to the national economy with $154 billion in federal taxes generated by foreign trade. In addition to these facilities, the Corps maintains 627 shallow draft harbors, both coastal and inland, that can be critical to the local economies of relatively isolated communities. In order to maintain and improve these navigation investments, an average of about 300 million cubic yards of material is dredged each year at a cost of about $500 million. There is continued growth of both deep- and shallow-draft waterborne transportation and continued growth of larger vessels to improve transport efficiency. This increased demand has produced needed improvements to existing waterways. Difficulties in performing dredging operations and disposal of dredged materials, increasing costs and reduced budgets, and aging structures demand improved efficiencies in maintaining navigation channels and facilities. Therefore, a focus of this research and
62 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
c. Inland Navigation and Flood Damage Reduction (cont)
development program is on improved navigation channel design to reduce the cost of construction, improve functional performance, preserve and enhance environmental quality, reduce maintenance costs, and improve safety.
Ice accumulations and ice jams, often occurring at confluences where a smaller river joins a larger one, are directly or indirectly responsible for structural damages to Corps facilities such as locks and dams, river training structures, and bank-stabilizing rip rap. The cost of these damages is estimated to be $50 million a year. Ice jams also can increase erosion of river beds and banks. The River Industry Action Committee (RIAC) in St. Louis has estimated that ice jams at the confluence of the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers in December 1989 created costs of $1.5 to $3.0 million to the commercial navigation industry alone, not including transportation revenue or shoreline property losses. The River Confluence Ice Program that was integrated into the Navigation Program this year is intended to provide guidance that will reduce risks and uncertainties as well as reduce the costs of river confluence ice problems. This will be accomplished by improving the operation and maintenance of Corps facilities, with associated reductions in losses of shoreline pro'perty owners and commercial shipping concerns.
In carrying out the Flood Damage Reduction mission, the Corps of Engineers operates 383 major lakes and reservoirs and maintains 8,500 miles of levees. Average annual flood damages prevented by Corps projects from 1985 to 1994 is 14.6 billion. Damage prevented per dollar expended from 1928 to 1993 is $8.41. There has been a shifting focus from large flood-control projects towards watershed management and smaller flood-control systems that are more integrated and enhance the environment. This has required a continuing focus on the development of appropriate design guidance and planning and engineering technology to accelerate the process of restoring channels to a more natural state while maintaining flow effectiveness of the flood control channels. Techniques, equipment, and procedures are developed for hydrologic phenomena associated with warm weather, winter, and spring conditions; flood-control structures; sedimentation response of flood-control channels; hydraulics of flood-control channels; improved conditions for navigating in deep draft and
_6 FEB 1997 63 I APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
c. Inland Navigation and Flood Damage Reduction (cont)
shallow draft channels; bank protec,tion methods for flood-control and navigation channels; and ice impacts on flood-control and navigation channels and structures.
MAJOR FEATURES OF THE FY 1998 PROGRAM:
1. Shallow-draft coastal port design guidance for entrance .channels subjected to waves is not based on scientific information for these small commercial vessels. Experiments with two vessels, an Alaskan fishing boat and a New England lobster boat, will be completed and design guidance based on these tests will be developed to aid in the design of shallow-draft ports.
2. Recent research has resulted in the development of bendway weir design guidance. This product alone has resulted in millions of dollars of savings from reduction in dredging requirements, improved navigation efficiencies, improvement in navigation safety, reductions in traffic delays, and numerous environmental benefits. A verified computer model will be developed to optimize the design of bendway weirs and other channel training structures in order to reduce dredging requirements and improve navigation and environmental conditions.
3. Accurately predicting vessel underkeel clearance in navigation channels and entrances is critical to economically and safely designing navigation channels and optimizing channel maintenance. With increasing ship drafts and continued improvements in bulk carrier and intermodal transportation efficiencies, there is a need to squeeze more capacity out of the existing deep-draft navigation channels. Recent estimates indicate that each additional foot of draft that a coal collier can be loaded results in $200,000 in cost savings to the shipper. Field measurements will be made to improve the accuracy of predictions of ship sinkage and required underkeel clearance.
=6 FEB 1997 64 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
c. Inland Navigation and Flood Damage Reduction {cont}
4. Improvements to lock approaches has a high potential for reducing traffic delays on the inland waterway system and increasing the capacity of existing locks. An experimental modeling study will develop generalized design guidance on layout of approach conditions to 1 locks to reduce delays and increase capacity.
5. Ice jams at river confluences occur suddenly and often unexpectedly, causing both severe damage to Corps projects and delays to navigation, and providing little time to take protective measures, deploy emergency equipment, or broadcast warnings. Methods will be developed for assessing and predicting ice breakup problems at river confluences.
6. River tributaries often release large quantities of ice to the main river, resulting in ice accumulations at the mouths of tributaries, suspending main river traffic, and ultimately impacting the operation of Corps projects such as locks and dams. Structural methods will be developed to retain ice in tributaries until the main river is tleared of ice and to determine the effectiveness of these methods for various flow conditions in the reaches upstream from the confluence.
7. Nonstructural measures may, under certain conditions, offer advantages over structural techniques in reducing ice quantities or promote the early weakening and/or clearing of ice from the receiving reaches. Nonstructural methods will be developed to reduce ice and/or delay ice release in tributaries until the main river is cleared of ice and/or to accelerate the clearing of ice from reaches below confluences.
8. Water releases from multipurpose reservoirs and navigation projects during the winter months may cause or increase existing ice accumulations at river confluences or elsewhere. Corps Water Control Centers and Corps project operators will be provided with guidance for evaluating the effects of flow releases on 1) ice jam formation and evolution, 2) sheet ice and ice jam breakup, and 3) flow routing during freezing temperatures.
-6 FEB i997 65 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
c. Inland Navigation and Flood Damage Reduction (cont)
9. It is necessary to be able to predict the effects of man-made and natural channel modification on ice problems. The role of channel characteristics in causing ice problems at river confluences will be identified and the effects predicted of specific channel modifications in reducing or eliminating ice jams.
10. The meandering of a river bank is a key design parameter in a flood control or channel restoration project. No reliable method exists for determining rates of migration or for designing a stable planform. Guidance is being developed to allow reliable prediction of bankline migration.
11. Vegetation in flood-control channels provides valuable habitat, especially in urbanized .areas, and removal is subject to regulatory authorities. In order to remove vegetation, a determination of acceptable levels of vegetation must be made. Guidelines are being developed for vegetation layout, focusing on planting arrangements and species compositions that will minimize impacts to water flow and channel stability as well as be relatively m~intenance-free.
12. Channel restoration is a significant objective of many current and proposed Corps' local flood protection projects. Design guidance is being developed for instream channel restoration features and for the ecological benefits of these features.
13. Accurate and timely prediction of flood water elevations during flood fighting operations is critical to the successful protection of lives and property along river systems and for the design of flood management plans and protection projects. A greatly improved computer model will be released for analysis of flood wave passage through rivers, locks and dams, tunnels, complex hydraulic channels, and structures.
14. Flood protection design and emergency operations in cold regions often depends on accurate prediction of snowmelt and the resulting flow in river systems. A method is being developed to improve watershed snowmelt predictions.
66 6 FEB 1997 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
c. Inland Navigation and Flood Damage Reduction (cont)
15. A river analysis system will be distributed that is critical to the current Mississippi River forecasting and operation efforts through improvement of the accuracy of the flood predictions during events such as the 1993 Mississippi River floods.
16. Critical water use conflicts have developed in several water basins in the past several years, including the Missouri River and the Alabama and Applachicola River systems. New Corps guidance on resolving water allocation and use conflicts will be released to assist in resolving these issues.
17. Continue to participate in the development of data warehouse for the the Comprehensive Flood Impact-Response Modeling System (CFIRMS) at the University of Iowa. The data warehouse will include demographic, zoning, land use, property tax assessment, crop reports, road and highway systems, river systems, structure locations, and terrain elevations in the Iowa River basin. I The data warehouse will be coupled with Geographic Information System (GIS) to form a dynamic flood damage function module that will be used to enhance the reservoir management decisions.
ACCOMPLISHMENTS IN FY 1997
1. Interim guidance has been developed on riprap protection from tow-induced forces in lock approaches. This guidance has resulted in the use of smaller stone on locks on the Ohio River system resulting in large cost savings. Continued efforts will also provide guidance on protection of channel boundaries and predictive techniques for avoidance and mitigation of environmental rivers in ecologically important navigable rivers.
2. Field data of ship vertical motion will be collected and evaluated to determine the accuracy of existing methods for predicting underkeel clearance experienced in deep draft navigation channels. This information improves guidance for the design of channel depths.
6 FEB 1997 ( \
APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
c. Inland Navigation and Flood Damage Reduction (cont}
3. Channel forming discharge required for design has been found to vary depending on whether the stream is characterized by a relatively small variation in annual flow or a very large variation in annual flow where most of the annual flow may occur during a few short runoff events. Evaluation of methods to account for flow variability on channel forming discharge was completed and guidance provided on the appropriate application of · these methods.
4. Experiments will be conducted to determine the impact of habitat enhancement measures that can slow flow on flood stages. Hydraulic design criteria for in-stream channel restoration features and for the ecological benefits of these features was developed.
/ 5. Development of river ice formation prediction program to assist Corps Districts in anticipating ice navigation problems was completed. Ice removal and weakening techniques were identified to reduce the impacts of ice on. navigation.
6. The new Corps' Hydrologic Modeling System representing the next generation of flood and low-flow hydrologic simulation software was released. This new system greatly improves the efficiency and accuracy of designing flood protection systems. '
7. Completed evaluation of the University of Iowa proposed development of a Comprehensive Flood Impact-Response Modeling System (CFIRMS) for Civil Works applications. Initiated the participation of the development of data warehouse for the dynamic flood damage function module. APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
d. Environmental Quality
SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA:
Estimated Five-Year (FY 1998-2002) Program Cost $29,300,000 Allocation Requested for FY 1998 5,500,000 Balance to Complete Five-Year Program after FY 1998 23,800,000 Allocation for FY 1997 3,253,000 Increase of FY 1998 over FY 1997 2,247,000 Average Annual Allocation for FY 1993-1997 4,039,000
JUSTIFICATION:
The Corps operates and maintains 25,000 miles of inland and coastal waterways, 235 navigation locks, 114 major ports, 442 lakes and reservoirs, 73 hydropower projects, 879 flood control projects and annually manages disposal of 350,000 cubic yards of dredged material as part of its water resource mission. Recent U.S. figures have estimated $16 billion/year in damages caused by nonpoint-source polution and up to 1 billion tons of eroded soils that are deposited in the Nation's waterways. Moreover, thirty percent of the nation's outdoor recreation activities occurs at Corps projects. A critical part of this mission is to insure that project planning, construction, operation, and maintenance does not negatively impact the environment or economic potentialities. The Environmental Quality Research Area provides technology to predict and minimize environmental impacts while providing and demonstrating cost-effective practical engineering and natural resource management technologies. The program provides technology for managing natural resources and recreation facilities at Corps projects, disposal of contaminated dredged material, and project-related water quality and quantity problems. This program will develop and implement more accurate, rapid and economical solutions to current environmental problems and thereby reduce unnecessary regulatory burdens and provide the greatest return on taxpayer investment. Proposed FY 1998 activities include:
6 FEB i997 69 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
d. Environmental Quality (cont)
MAJOR FEATURES OF THE FY 1998 PROGRAM:
1. Hazard assessment techniques leading to application of risk assessment procedures will be developed to rapidly and cost effectively evaluate impacts associated with the dredging and disposal of contaminated sediments.
2. Water Quality models used to assess and evaluate impacts to water quality will be enhanced through addition of fate and effects routines, uncertainty analysis, and watershed processes.
3. Develop techniques to predict and control losses of volatile and surface runoff toxic substances from dredged material disposal facilities.
4. Technical guidance for implemertting the dredged material disposal regulatory manuals for continued cost-effective maintenance of navigation channels.
5. Implement the national bioaccumulation database to provide cost-saving decision support data for dredged material disposal.
6. Continue development of relationships to describe the fundamental processes affecting water quality in relation to habitat structure and biological functions in aquatic systems. The improved understanding of these processes is essential to the development of cost- ef fecti ve ecosystem management for techniques use at public water resource projects.
7. Continue development of capabilities to accurately and efficiently integrate environmental and water quality considerations with conventional CE project purposes. This work will provide CE reservoir managers the necessary tools to make cost-effective decisions concerning the operation of water resource projects and their impact on water quality and the environment.
- 6 FEB 1997 70 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
d. Environmental Quality {cont)
8. Develop guidance to reduce the impacts of Corps projects on endangered sturgeon species necessary to prevent unnecessary closure/interruption of Corps structures/activities.
9. Develop cost-effective procedures for the restoration/enhancement of aquatic habitats (reservoirs, rivers, streams) .
10. Develop guidance for bioengineering techniques for streambank erosion control associated with CE projects.
11. Provide techniques and guidance on collecting and analyzing customer satisfaction measurements for Corps projects meeting the Government Performance and Results Act requirements.
12. Develop technology for assessing the economic impacts of boat dock permit and marina slip holders for use in making cost-effective resource use decisions at Corps water resource development projects.
13. Provide existing and future ethnic user group recreation preferences and needs of Corps projects.
MAJOR ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF THE FY 1997 PROGRAM:
1. Field guidance was developed on the consequences of bioaccumulation of toxic substances in marine organisms and framework for regulatory application and interpretation.
2. Peer reviewed documentation was published (journal articles) on chronic/sublethal and genotoxicity bioassays for implementation of the Clean Water and Ocean Dumping Acts.
3. Continued peer reviewed guidance for interpreting the utility of sediment quality criteria.
6 FEB 199/ 71 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
d. Environmental Quality (cont)
4. Completed long-term assessment (15 year) of toxic substance mobility from contaminated dredged material disposal in a wetland and upland environment for direct input into dredged material management strategies.
5. Biological process development was initiated for the biodegradation of high profile contaminants (e.g. PAHs and Dioxins) and loss of volatile contaminants in contaminated · dredged material placed in Confined Disposal Facilities (CDFs).
6. Guidance for remotely collecting selected water quality data was developed for reservoirs and reservoir tailwaters. These guidelines will reduce the cost of collecting data, increase data availability, and improve data quality.
7. Improved analytical techniques were developed for measuring nutrients and other chemicals in reservoir tailwaters. These techniques will assist in the decision making necessary for better management of reservoir tailwater resources.
8. R&D on ecosystem management techniques to protect valuable sport fisheries at the Richard B. Russell Project resulted in a redesign of the fish protection system, saving the CE $23 million in construction costs and over $1.6 billion in operation costs for the life of the project.
9. Completed riverine habitat community assessment and ·restoration (RCHARC) method for impact analysis for reservoir tailwaters and river and flood control channels.
10. National trend data on customer service standards was collected and analyzed for cost effective GPRA compliance at Corps projects.
11. Cost-effective and efficient management techniques implementing user fees will be provided to Corps projects.
72 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
d. Environmental Quality (cont)
12. An assessment of national and regional significance of Corps natural resource management activities will be provided for use in making natural resource management decisions.
73 _6- FEB i93i APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
e. Water Resources Management
SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA
Estimated Five-Year (FY 1998-2002) Program Cost $ 10,000,000 Allocation Requested for FY 1998 1,900,000 Balance to Complete Five Year Program after FY 1998 8,100,000 Allocation for FY 1997 1,370,000 Increase of FY 1998 over FY 1997 530,000 Average Annual Allocation for FY 1993-1997 1,700,000
JUSTIFICATU:ON: I The Water Resources Management Research Area includes research and development activities leading to improvements in the methods which provide the basis for how Civil Works established business practices are planned, operated, managed and maintained. Current research emphasis within this program focuses on three principal areas.
The first focus is research on advancement of Civil Works Program and Project Management techniques. Project Management (PM} philosophy has become the primary vehicle for managing the Corps of Engineers project delivery process. The Corps PM system functions in a unique environment adopted for the USACE organization structure and Civil Works processes. With a strong technical orientation and team/partnering perspective, it embodies many facets not typically found in other organizations which employ standard modern day PM techniques. Consequently the application of generalized PM tools and techniques which have been developed for private sector applications rarely can be incorporated off the shelf. There is a need to provide Corps PMs with tools that meet the requirements of the Corps environment. This research focus is intended to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of the practice of project management in the Corps of Engineers.
The second research focus within this research area is the development of innovative risk-based analysis methodologies for application to all Civil Works established business programs. Under this initiative, work will be undertaken to define key economic and reliability uncertainties in major rehabilitation, to develop guidance for comparative risk
74 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
e. Water Resources Management (Cont) analysis applications to Civil Work.s project planning and management, and develop application guidance for emerging risk-based methodologies such as expert elicitation for risk-based analysis to Civil Works project planning and management. The third research thrust will focus on innovative tools and methodologies for conducting watershed on ecosystem-level management studies and management plans. Those. are becoming increasingly important technical requirements within and across a number of Civil Works business programs, supporting such management decisions as water management/allocation, prioritization and valuation of habitat restoration projects; inland waterways emergency management, natural resources management on Corps-owned lands and cumulative environmental impact assess1ments. Methodology development will focus on developing a range of multiple objective planning and trade-off analysis and will incorporate risk-based analysis procedures, and links to environmental output models and cost and financial analyses. FY 1998 ACTIVITY: 1. Develop handbook and training module for collaborative problem solving techniques for Corps cost-sharing partners and stakeholders to assist in sorting out complex problems involving multiple objectives in watershed management. 2. Complete expanded software development to expand capabilities of cost-effectiveness and incremental analysis software developed under the Environmental Impact Research Program to windows platform and to handle multiple-objective trade-offs for watershed management studies. 3. Initiate development of software tools for risk-based benefit cost analysis for major rehabilitation projects. 4. Initiate work on risk analysis application to project financial cost estimates. 5. Initiate guidance development on using expert elicitation for risk-based analysis.
- 6 F£B 1997 75 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
e. Water Resources Management (Cont)
6. Complete work and develop final guidance and training modules on internal team development methods for Project Management.
7. Complete work and develop final guidane and training modules on methods for managing customer expectations in Project Management.
8. Initiate developmental work on earned value methodology applications for Project Management.
ACCOMPLISHMENTS IN FY 1997:
1. Completed update of economic evaluation manuals.
2. Initiated development of evaluation tools and techniques for multi-agency watershed management studies.
3. Completed development of new procedures for formulating and evaluating non structural flood damage reduction plans including flood plain evacuation.
4. Completed development of a practical system for measuring the progress of project development and program execution suited to the situation and needs of programs and project management in the Corps.
5. Initiated development and field testing of practical, behavioral techniques for project managers to use in managing the project expectations of their Civil Works and environmental customers.
6. Performed an assessment of project team working relations for the purpose of identifying problems and opportunities to be addressed in techniques of project leadership.
76 6 FEB 1997 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
e. Water Resources Management {Cont}
7. Completed development of methods to integrate project condition indices, performance indiators and incremental economic maintenance analysis which will enhance project management systems at all Corps levels while offering less costly activity measurement.
8. Completed development of the capability for improved post-construction operations and maintenance e~timates to ensure the best quality estimates to the Corps and its cost shared partners. Increased accuracy of operations and maintenance estimates will give the Corps' cost-shared partners an enhanced planning tool by which better long-term operations and maintenance investments can be budgeted.
9. Completed development of reliability analysis methods for Corps-owned hydropower equipment which will result in improved preventive maintenance scheduling and a marked reduction in unscheduled, costly outages. Provided a means for statistically estimating service life and generate probabilities of potential failure so that the likelihood of unplanned outages can be significantly reduced, thereby increasing service life of hydropower components and providing increased reliability of hydropower available to the Corps' customers.
6 ~rs,' 77 r i93? APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
' f. Surveying and Remote Sensing
SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA
Estimated Five-Year (FY 199~-2002) Program Cost $18,600,000 Appropriation Requested for FY 1998 3,500,000 Balance to Complete Five-Year Program after FY 1998 15,100,000 Allocation for FY 1997 1,383,000 Increase of FY 1998 over FY 1993-1997 1 2,117,000 Average Annual Allocation for FY 1993-1997 1,600,000
JUSTIFICATION
The Surveying and Remote Sensing Research Area includes research, development, testing, and evaluation activities necessary for new technology in remote sensing, surveying and mapping, Geographic Information Systems, and other spatial data management needs to improve Corps mission performance and minimize costs. The remote sensing portion of this program is designed to explore fully the numerous technical and economic capabilities that are becoming available from satellite, airborne and in situ sensors for cost-effective application to the Corps planning, engineering, operations, and maintenance missions. Activities to be addressed include consideration of spatial and temporal data element interpretation techniques, data handling, and the cost-effective and efficient incorporation of remotely sensed acquired data to water and natural resources and management models. In addition, the Corps is exploring the use of precise measurement and positioning capabilities to support the dam safety program, hydrographic surveying, dredge positioning tasks, broadly-based ecosystem-level technologies for watershed investigations and regulatory management purposes. Computer aided drafting and design software to fully interface the Corps surveyor to the CADD system is also being developed. Finally, because of defined Civil Works requirements, additional emphasis will be placed on effective
6 FEB 1997 78 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
f. Surveying and Remote Sensing (cont)
application of emerging GIS-based technologies to CW business programs. These will include integrating GIS, GPS and CADD, visualization technologies and real-time and temporal GIS.
FY 1998 ACTIVITY
1. Complete work on method to obtain distributed snow water volume and total snow water volume on watershed basin and sub-basin level.
2. Begin development of innovative surveying and mapping techniques for acoustic sediment classification.
3. Maximize surveying capabilities of SHOALS system for ecosystem-level survey requirements such as in submersed aquatic vegetation mapping, and sub-bottom Tlassifications.
4. Complete evaluation of HYDICE Hyperspectral Sensors for Civil Works application and real-time spectral and spatial processing algorithms for effective data integration and analysis into Corps spatial data management systems.
5. Initiate users in high priority GIS technology development including teal-time GIS and improved visualization tools and integration with GIS.
6. Complete final guidance for conducting beach and nearshore hydrographic surveys.
ACCOMPLISHMENTS IN FY 1997
1. Continued development and testing of software and hardware techniques to integrate remotely sensed data (from numerous satellite and aircraft systems) into Corps hydrologic, environmental, and economic models.
- 6 F'EB i9~7 79 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
f. Surveying and Remote Sensing (cont)
2. Completed development of industry standards for the calibration of single transducer multi-beam systems.
3. Continued development of remote sensing techniques to yield precise coastal engineering data. Published Corps-wide guidance for the planning, design, execution, and analysis of coastal mapping surveys.
4. Developed automated procedures for the integration of in-situ data, hydrologic data and environmental parameters into Corps real-time spatial data storage and management systems.
_6 F£i3 i%7 80 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
g. Innovative Design and Construction Techniques for Navigation Projects
SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA
Estimated Total (FY 1998-2002) Program Cost $16,700,000 Allocation Requested for FY 1998 3,000,000 Balance to Complete after 1998 13,700,000 Allocation for FY 1997 0 Increase of FY 1998 over FY 1997 3,000,000
JUSTIFICATION: Eleven navigation projects at an estimated construction cost of $9 billion are currently proposed for construction or replacement on the nation's inland waterways. In September 1992, a Corps Task Force was formed to identify new technology and methods "for constructing navigation projects in a more efficient, cost effective, and environmentally sound manner." This team identified numerous concepts with potential for more efficient and cost-effective construction with the potential of saving between $1.4 and $1.8 billion for the 11 proposetl projects. In 1994, a Regional Navigation Design Team (RNDT) consisting of members from North Central Division, Ohio River Division, and Lower Mississippi Valley Division was formed to implement recommendations from the Task Force. The 5-year, $15M research and development program resulted from the need identified by the USACE Task Force (EP 1110-1-14) and the RNDT. This R&D Program is necessary to develop design and construction guidance to realize potential savings which have been identified. Senior Field Representatives have concluded that this research program, "··.will impact our ability to upgrade and rehabilitate our navigation structures on the major inland river systems over the next 15 or 20 years. The combination of criticality and potential for major disruptions require that this area of concern be given strong emphasis and support." Failure to develop cost-reducing design and construction technologies will result in delayed construction of some of the proposed navigation projects (due to limited funds in the Inland Navigation Trust Fund). This delay will increase the potential for major disruptions in transiting locks and increase operating costs to the inland navigation industry.
6 FEB i997 81 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998
3. Research and Development
g. Innovative Design and Construction Techniques for Navigation Projects (cont)
Navigation projects that will benefit from the technology developed under this program include: (1) McAlpline Locks, (2) IHNC Lock Replacement, (3) Locks 2, 3, and 4, Monongahela River Project; (4) Replacement Lock at Soo Locks, (5) Marmet Lock Replacement, (6) Upper Mississippi River & Illinois Waterways System, (7) McClellan-Kerr Arkansas River Navigation System, (8) Olmsted Locks, (9) Ohio River Main Stem System, (10) Green and Barren River, and (11) Kentucky Lock.
ACTIVITIES OF THE FY 1998 PROGRAM: This will be the initial year of this five-year multi disciplinary program. The disciplines of materials, structural, geotechnical, and hydraulics will be used to develop complete solutions to complex problems involving innovative design and construction techniques. Several studies will be initiated to develop the needed guidance for the implementation of innovative concepts that will result in rapid construction of navigation projects at tremendous cost savings. These will include studies to develop guidance on new filling and emptying systems for locks, the use of alternative construction methods such as mobile cofferdams, underwater construction with precast concrete and prefabricated steel shells, float-in and lift-in construction techniques, underwater concrete placement techniques, and construction of foundations underwater. The innovative concepts identified require the development of new criteria for enhanced construction materials such as fiber-reinforced plastics for concrete reinforcing and'prestressing, high-strength concretes, composite materials for lock gatest gratings, pilings, etc., and corrosion-resistant, high-strength steels for prefabricated steel shells. Technology from other areas, such as offshore structures, will be evaluated for potential applications in replacement of aging navigation structures. Development of innovative concepts and modular designs which can be rapidly installed with minimum onsite construction will be emphasized to reduce the potential for adverse impact on the environment and project operations.
ACTIVITIES OF THE FY 1997 PROGRAM: This is a new start for FY 1998.
82 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
4. Earthquake Engineering
SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA:
Estimated Eight-Year (FY 1994-2001) Program Cost $17,000,000 Allocation Requested for FY 1998 3,500,000 Balance to Complete Eight-Year Program After FY 1998 8,000,000 Allocation for FY 1997 1,784,000 Increase of FY 1998 over FY 1997 1,716,000
JUSTIFICATION:
The Earthquake Engineering (EQEN) Research Program is the only federally funded program focused on seismic safety of dams and is one of the highest priorities in the R&D program. Most Corps dams were built at a time when earthquake engineering was in its infancy; seismic hazards were not recognized or were poorly understood, and our understanding of them is still changing. The Corps has more than 200 dams and 73 intake towers located in seismic zone 2 or greater (80 percent of the U.S.), most of which would expose downstream populations to mortal hazard in the event of failure to contain their reservoirs. Many of these dams and all of the 73 intake towers would be judged seismically inadequate using current methods of evaluation. Remediation of all of these structures would cost more than a prohibitive $20 billion. Expensive remediation can be avoided in many cases by reevaluating the structures using improved methods of engineering analysis that clearly discriminate between safe and unsafe structures. The cost of remediation of the unsafe structures can be substantially reduced by improved, more cost-effective remediation techniques. A focused, aggressive, coordinated effort of theoretical development, physical modeling, and experiment is required to develop and validate the needed engineering tools.
The program is developing well-verified, practical engineering tools to assess the safety of dams and reservoir control structures (such as intake towers, spillways and gated outlet works), and to remediate dams and control structures found to be unsafe. These tools include advanced field-investigation techniques, physical modeling of the failure processes of the dam-reservoir-foundation system during earthquakes, cost-effective remediation techniques for dams with deficient seismic stability, and verification of behavior of
83 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
4. Earthquake Engineering (cont)
roller-compacted concrete during earthquakes so that we can use this cost-effective construction process for remediation of seismically susceptible dams and for new construction.
Products of the EQEN Research Program will include a comprehensive ground motion analysis system that incorporates the latest developments in seismology and geology. Well validated, practical analysis procedures will clearly distinguish safe from unsafe dams .. These procedures will be directly applicable to the dams at risk in over 80 percent of the U.S. New, practical seismic analysis procedures for intake towers and outlet works will overcome the inadequacies of current analytical methods. It is estimated that these new methods will reduce the number of intake towers needing remediation by more than SO percent. Advanced field-investigation techniques will allow 3-dimensional images to be produced that show physical and mechanical properties of the structures and underlying earth foundations, more accurately, more rapidly and less expensively than currently can be done. No remediated dam has ever qeen subjected to a design-level earthquake. Physical modeling research on remedial construction will provide the first proof-testing at full design levels of earthquake shaking, required to verify experimentally the remedial design. Theoretical developments will provide design tools for spot remediation, to avoid costly overdesign and excessive remedial construction. Where it is applicable, roller-compacted concrete is the material of choice for new construction in seismic areas. No guidance on strength and failure mechanisms for roller-compacted concrete dams under earthquake-induced shaking will exist until it is developed during this research.
The number-one EQEN payoff is avoiding remediation costs for dams that today are judged unsafe only because of the inadequacies in current assessment techniques, and, when remediation is required, avoiding over-construction. Using the tools developed in this research program, the Corps will realize: $100M reduction in remediation costs for each intake tower found to be safe with new methods; a $200M savings for each concrete dam and $SOM for each embankment dam found to be safe with more advanced analytical methods. In addition, field investigation costs will be reduced from $SOOK to $200K per dam (overall projected cost avoidance of more than $SOM for the 200+ dams at risk), and there will be reduced uncertainty in seismic damage to dams and increased safety for all Corps dams.
=6 FEB 1937 84 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
4. Earthquake Engineering (cont)
The request of $3.5M for FY98 will speed up delivery of research benefits by at least two years by allowing full funding for existing research areas, and will make the research products available in time to benefit the evaluation and potential remediation of Corps dams that are currently underway or that will be done in the next few years.
FY 1998 ACTIVITY:
The Earthquake Engineering Research Program addresses both the geotechnical and structural aspects of water resource facilities with participation by other federal and state agencies and academic and professional experts. The FY 1998 activities include:
1. Geotechnical: Development of (a) criteria for selecting three-dimensional design earthquake ground motions and characterizing earthquake input required for the design of new and remediation of existing water resource facilities, (b) cost-effective, reliable methods to determine site characteristics relevant to seismic performance; to determine, in three dimensions, the extent of potentially liquefiable materials subject to ground failure; and to determine the adequacy of remedial actions such as ground improvement construction, (c) reliable, nonlinear analysis methods to predict the capacity of earth structures to resist damage when subjected to seismic stresses and large, earthquake induced deformations, and (d) development of innovative, least cost, yet reliable remedial measures to strengthen embankment dams and their foundations if necessary.
2. Structural: Development of (a) methods of analysis to predict the extent of damage and ultimate capacity of conventionally placed and roller-compacted concrete dams and reservoir control structures subjected to strong earthquake ground motions, (b) least cost remedial measures to strengthen these dams and structures if necessary, (c) a material model for predicting nonlinear structural response caused by cracking and large displacements in concrete materials, (d) methods for structure-reservoir-foundation interaction analyses that included hydrodynamic effects of the reservoir, uplift pressures beneath the dam, and interaction of the concrete dam with the surrounding rock foundation.
6 F~~B j~~/ APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
4. Earthquake Engineering (cont)
ACCOMPLISHMENTS IN FY 1997:
Significant accomplishments in FY 1997 included: improved guidelines and procedures for selecting and processing ground motions for engineering analysis, in particular, three dimensional motions for dam sites very close to a large seismic source zone; advances in site characterization procedures for field measurements of seismic strength and stiffness, and laboratory measurement of liquefaction resistance of soils under the unusual stress. conditions imposed by dams; completed laboratory, centrifuge and scaled model experiments that advanced the state-of-the-art for analyzing dams and intake/outlet structures; developed two-dimensional nonlinear analysis procedure that incorporates reservoir-dam founda tion interaction as well as sliding on horizontal lift joints in concrete dam monoliths. These research accomplishments were presented at workshops and in technical publications.
6 FEB 1997 86 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998
5. Zebra Mussel Research Program (ZMRP)
SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA:
Estimated Program Cost $13,378,000 Allocation Requested for FY 1998 2,000,000 Balance to Complete After FY 1998 6,000,000 Allocation for FY 1997 1,338,000 Increase of FY 1998 Over FY 1997 662,000
JUSTIFICATION:
The zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha), first reported in the United States in 1988, was accidentally introduced from Northern Europe via ballast water from ocean-going vessels. By 1990, the zebra mussel had spread through the Great Lakes into the inland waterways of the Illinois River. By 1992, it had spread throughout the Mississippi River Basin down to New Orleans, LA. Encrustations of zebra mussels restrict and can totally obstruct raw water intake systems, including those associated with navigation, power, water treatment, and water control structures. Public facilities spend over $100 million annually to prevent catastrophic shutdown. This cost will increase to over $1 billion annually as numbers increase in the lower Mississippi and they spread to southeastern and western states. Methods of prevention and more effective, inexpensive methods of control must be developed.
The ZMRP is the only Federally funded R&D program directed at control of zebra mussels and their effects on public facilities. The ZMRP is authorized by the Nonindigenous Aquatic Nuisance Prevention and Control Act of 1990 (PL 101-646). The development of strategies to apply control methods involves engineering design, operations, and maintenance of facilities and structures. Control strategies are being developed for {a) navigation structures; {b) hydropower and other utilities; {c) vessels and dredges, and (d) water treatment, irrigation, and other control structures.
!3 FEB i997 87 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998
s. Zebra Mussel Research Program (cont}
MAJOR ACTIVITIES OF THE FY 1998 PROGRAM:
1. Development of Control Methods and Strategies. Electrical fields (cathodic protection), commonly used to prevent corrosion of metal components, are effective in preventing attachment of zebra mussels. Research will be conducted to design and evaluate a cathodic system for use on large surface areas such as lock walls and gates. This technology will result in savings of at least $2 million annually at facilities by preventing the rapid corrosion of metal structures caused by zebra mussels. A prelimin'ary survey of eastern Europe and Asia was conducted in FY95. Natural enemies (microbes and insects), which attack zebra mussels, were identified. These potential biological control agents will be evaluated overseas. Successful development of biological control agents I will result in an estimated savings of $50 million.
2. Evaluation of Ecological Factors Affecting Zebra Mussel Control Strategies. Zebra mussels severely alter water and sediment quality. These changes can result in a significant reduction in available food and dissolved oxygen for aquatic species such as fish communities, native mussels, and invertebrates upon which they feed. Research will be conducted to predict zebra mussel population development and the associated impact on water and sediment quality. Predictive methods are required to assist natural resource and facility managers to reduce the impact of zebra mussels on commercial and sports fish and maintain good water quality for public use.
3. Coordination and Technology Transfer. A host of other organizations (Federal, state, and local agencies; the power industry; and municipal water supply systems) manage public facilities which are impacted by the zebra mussel problem. Coordination of ZMRP results is accomplished through several activities and organizations. The Corps serves as the Chairman of the Zebra Mussel Coordination Committee (established under PL 101-646). The committee is made up of Federal, regional, and professional organizations involved in zebra mussel R&D, operations, and outreach programs. The Committee meets annually. The Corps' ZMRP conducts an annual workshop co-sponsored by other Federal, state, and professional organizations for facility operators and managers. Information on the latest research results on prevention and control technology is provided to the public.
88 :6 FEB 19S7 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998
5. Zebra Mussel Research Program (cont)
MAJOR ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF THE FY 1997 PROGRAM:
1. Development of Control Methods and Strategies. Provided final guidance on the use of antifoulant coatings (i.e., paints, thermal metal sprays, etc.) to the field. Designed a carbon dioxide delivery system as an alternative to chlorine treatment in raw water intakes. Guidance was provided on the use of continuous backwash filter systems for intakes which supply irrigation systems, water supply, and other low flow requirements. A preliminary survey for biocontrol agents (microbes and insects) in eastern Europe and A'sia was completed. A new chemical agent, labeled for aquatic use by USDA and EPA, was evaluated for control of zebra mussels.
2. Evaluation of Ecological Factors ~ffecting Zebra Mussel Control Strategies. Developed techniques for assessment and prediction of zebra mussel population growth to maximize effectiveness of control strategies. Developed biological indices to characterize natural seasonal shifts in zebra mussel conditions to determine the optimal timing of control methods.
3. Coordination and Technology Transfer. The Zebra Mussel Coordination Committee met in conjunction with the International Zebra Mussel and Other Non-indigenous Species Conference held in New Orleans in January 1997. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Chaired the committee meeting where seven Federal agencies, two regional utilities, and two professional organization shared result of activities and coordinated activities for the following year. An Engineering Handbook was completed and distributed to the field providing guidance on the development of a control program for public facilities. A Technical Notes publication series, which describes products and recommendations for control, reached over 2500 subscribers.
::_ 5 FEB 199? 89 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998
6. Characterization & Restoration of Wetlands Research Program
SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA:
Estimated Eight-Year Program Cost $20,000,000 Allocation Requested for FY 1998 $2,000,000 Balance to Complete after FY 1998 $15,104,000 Allocation for FY 1997 $1,784,000 Increase of FY 1998 over FY 1997 216,000
JUSTIFICATION:
Flood Control is one of the key mission areas for the Corps nf Engineers. As such one of the chief contributors to the increased devastation due t() r Pr:ent large-scale flooding has been the loss of wetlands. Studies show u. s. wet 1 ands The Co7ps receives approximately 50,000 wetlands permit requests each year with less than 1% denied. Of those that are approved, many of these require mitigation. The R&D from this program will steadily increase the state of the knowledge for wetlands science to insure wetlands losses are compensated in a manner which will protect critical wetlands functions through restoration and creation of wetlands without unduly restricting other competing interests. In addition to its role as wetlands regulator for nonagricultural lands, the Corps' mission to maintain the navigability of our waterways requires the active management of major land holdings along these waterways. As a result, the mission-specific R&D conducted under this program is used to proactively achieve environmental compliance and resource management mandates, while still accomplishing its other missions. This guidance results in more ,... _6 FEB 19S7 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998 6. Characterization & Restoration of Wetlands Research Program (cont} rapid, economical solutions to regulatory issues thereby reducing regulatory burdens and providing greater return on taxpayer dollars. Guidance includes tools for: 1) Functional Evaluation and Delineation of wetlands, 2) Restoration and Creation of wetlands, 3) Impact reduction from Corps' projects/activities. MAJOR FEATURES OF THE FY 1998 PROGRAM: The Corps has been designated as the lead Federal agency to develop and implement the Hydrogeomorphic approach to wetlands functional evaluation. In response to this directive, national and regional models are being developed to assess the functions and values of our Nation's wetlands. This information will be used directly to support information required under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), Environmental Impact Statements (EIS) as well as Section 404 wetlands permits. This information will also be critical to the successful restoration and creation of future wetlands. 1) Wetlands Functional Evaluation & Delineation - Regional wetlands functional assessment will continue in their development. This guidance will replace less sensitive national-leve.l models that group wetlands of the same type, regardless of their location in the U.S. More wetlands-specific evaluation tools will be critical in the fair and equitable treatment of wetlands owners. 2) Wetlands Restoration, Protection and Creation - Innovative construction techniques, structures and equipment will be developed, evaluated and field tested. These will be used to produce cost-effective engineering approaches and design criteria for the successful restoration and creation of our Nation's wetlands. 3) Contract-ready Design Criteria for Wetlands Restoration - One or more sets of contract standards, based on a prioritized list of engineering applications and wetland types, will be prepared for selected wetland types. New/modified technologies and currently existing guidelines will be evaluated and tested. Information will be used to update Corps Environmental Engineering Manuals for both project and regulatory applications. _£;FEB 139/ 91 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigations, FY 1998 6. Characterization & Restoration of Wetlands Research Program (cont) MAJOR ACCOMPLISHMENTS IN FY 1997 1. Developed initial regional and national wetlands assessment models to provide greater sensitivity and more scientifically defensible data for the functional evaluation of major U.S. wetlands. This information was used to develop appropriate mitigation requirements for equitable replacement of impacted wetlands. 2. Developed contract-ready design criteria and engineering techniques for restoring wetlands in selected wetlands systems. These innovations will increase u. S. wetlands acres and their functional capacity through improved restoration/creation project success. In addition, the Corps' monitoring and mitigation enforcement duties will decrease as a result of fewer wetlands projects tha~ are poorly planned/constructed. 6 FEB i997 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998 7. Engineering and Environmental Innovations of National Significance Summarized Financial Data: Estimated Four-Year Program Cost $ 4,000,000 Allocation Requested for FY 1998 1,000,000 Balance to Complete After FY 1998 3,000,000 Allocation for FY 1997 0 Increase of FY 1998 over FY 1997 1,000,000 JUSTIFICATION: Section 212 of the Water Resources Development Act (WRDA) 96 authorizes the Secretary of the Army to undertake surveys, plans and studies and prepare reports that may lead to work under existing Civil Works authorities or to recommendations for authorizations. The Congressional intent is to encourage innovation and technology advancement for environmental and engineering problems of national significance. In carrying out this section, the Secretary may also accept and expend additional funds from other Federal agencies, states or non-Federal entities. Major Activities of the FY 1998 Program: I Program initiatives will be jointly undertaken by the Research and Development and the Civil Works Directorates in the following technology areas of national significance: 1. Contaminated Sediment Remediation: Several sections of WRDA 96 substantially increase the Corps of Engineers authority in sediment and dredged material manag~ment through amendments of prior authorities and the addition of new authorities. Prior to WRDA 96, the Civil Works program had not previously been authorized to consider sediment remediation options in association with its navigation projects. The language of WR~A.96 indica~es a clear Congressional intent for the Corps of Engineers to expand its trad1t1onal navigation mission to include a broader involvement in contaminated sediment management and specifically to become involved in contaminated sediment removal and remediation. There is also a continuing national need for application of the Corps' dredging expertise to sediment remediation initiatives by others as reflected by requests for reimbursable support from USEPA, NOAA, States, and Port Authorities. -8 FEB i;i.;1 1 93 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998 7. Engineering and Environmental Innovations of National Significance (cont) A two-year effort will be initiated in FY 98 to satisfy the various requirements of WRDA 96 for sediment remediation initiatives. In FY 98 a study will be conducted to define the national scope and extent of the problem and range of anticipated costs of implementing Section 312 projects. Depending on study results, the outyear efforts of this initiative would focus on developing detailed options for most effectively implementing Section 312, to include detailed programmatic guidance on establishing national priorities for recommended project funding, cost-effective remediation technologies, similar Federal programs that may be used to leverage/supplement Section 312 project funding (e.g. EPA's Brownfields initi~tive), and other related issues such as liability responsibilities and cost-sharing/cost recovery options. Appropriate applicability and implementation of other related WRDA 96 provisions (e.g. Sections 201, 205, 217, 226, 513, 515, 516, 541), as related to Section 312 activities, will also be addressed within this study. 2. Watershed Management System. The District offices have identified the development of ecosystem/watershed level management and analysis technologies as a high priority need. Areas of particular need within the Civil Works program include natural resources management of Corps-owned lands, water management/allocation, regulatory functions (e.g., cumulative impacts and mitigation banking), ecosystem restoration, emergency management and regional sedi~ent/dredged material management. The initial phase of this work will be devoted to developing a state-of-the art Watershed Management "System" comprised of interconnected land and water resources management technology capabilities representing advanced data acquisition, geospatial data management, geo-ecophysical models and decision support technologies. The basis for this System will be technologies developed within the Civil Works and Military R&D programs of the Corps of Engineers. These technologies will be supplemented by studies of additional available or emerging technologies identified as having potential application to Civil Works watershed/ecosystem level management and analysis requirements. When completed and tested, this Watershed Management System will be demonstrated to Corps field off ices and other interested parties within at least two ongoing Corps watershed management study sites. 3. Brownfields Initiative: Brownfields are abandoned, idled or under-used industrial and commercial facilities where redevelopment/reuse is complicated by real or perceived environmental contamination. The principal objective is the assessment, cleanup and eventual economic redevelopment and reuse of those areas. Many of the estimated 500,000 Brownfields are within watershed areas and, in particular, in proximity to the waterways of 94 I \ APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Investigation, FY 1998 7. Engineering and Environmental Innovations of National Significance {cont} the nation. This unit will develop both the technological tools and capabilities for districts to use in supporting the Brownfields initiative by utilizing innovative engineering and environmentally sound practices consistent with our existing water resource development and management authorities. Appropriate innovative technologies and techniques will. be identified such as passive barriers for iron filing treatment of ground water and use of variable oversight for faster and cheaper assessment and remediation for Brownfields. This unit will articulate how other Federal and local government funding, as well as traditional cost sharing funding, can be used to maximize the potential benefits of the reused Brownfields within project areas. 95 CONSTRUCTION Justification of Estimates for Civil Functions Activities Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers Fiscal Year 1998 SUMMARY OF REMAINING ITEMS CONSTRUCTION, GENERAL FY 1997 FY 1998 Increase Allocation Request (Decrease) $ $ $ 2. Navigation Projects a. Channels and Harbors (II) Projects Not Specifically Authorized By Congress 11, 007, 000 5,800,000 (5,207,000) (Sec. 107, P.L. 86-645) (III) Mitigation of Shore Damages Attributable to 473,000 500,000 27,000 Navigation Projects (Sec. 111, P.L. 90-483) c. Inland Waterways Users Board (Sec. 302, P.L. 99-662) (I) Board Expenses 38,000 40,000 2,000 (II) Corps Expenses 175,000 185,000 10,000 4. Beach Erosion Control Projects b. Projects Not Specifically Authorized by Congress 5,448,000 3,000,000 (2,448,000) (Sec. 103, P.L. 87-874) 5. Flood Control Projects a. Local Protection (II) Projects Not Specifically Authorized by Congress 30,895,000 32,400,000 1,505,000 (Sec. 205, P.L. 80-858) (III) Emergency Streambank and Shoreline Protection 8,989,000 7,800,000 (1,189,000) (Sec. 14, P.L. 79-526) (IV) Snagging and Clearing (Sec. 208, P.L. 83-780) 473,000 500,000 27,000 6 FEB J.9.97 96 Justification of Estimates for civil Functions Activities Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers Fiscal Year 1998 SUMMARY OF REMAINING ITEMS CONSTRUCTION, GENERAL FY 1997 FY 1998 Increase Allocation Request (Decrease) $ $ $ 10. Improvement of the Environment a. Project Modifications for Improvement of the Environment 16,086,000 21,175,000 5,089,000 (Sec, 1135, P.L. 99-662) b. Aquatic Ecosystem Restoration (Section 206) 0 2,000,000 2,000,000 I 12. Aquatic Plant Control Program 1,893,000 2,600,000 101 ,oop 13. Beneficial uses of Dredged Material (Sec. 204, P.L. 102-580) 1,419,000 2,000,000 581,000 14. Employees Compensation (Payments to Department of Labor) 18, 892, 000 18,048,000 (844,000) ======1 •-=-=-==-=-=-======-=-=- Total 95,788,000 96,048,000 260,000 6 FEB l::i:1i 97 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Construction, Generai, FY 1998 2. Navigation Projects a. Channels and Harbors (II) Projects not Specifically Authorized by Congress (Section 107, PL 86-645, as amended) Allocation FY 1997 $11,007,000 Tentative Allocation FY 1998 $5,800,000 GENERAL: Section 107 of the River and Harbor Ac't of 1960 (PL 86-645), as amended, authorizes up to $35,000,000 annually for construction of navigation projects where such construction is not already specifically authorized by Congress. Projects are designed to provide the same complete navigation project that would be provided under regular authorization procedures. Each project selected must be economically justified and complete within itself. Federal cost participation cannot exceed $4,000,000 per project. I BUDGET REQUEST: The $5,800,000 requested for Fiscal Year 1998 is to continue the Section 107 program of development and construction of navigation projects at locations throughout the Nation, Construction starts will be fully funded when initiated. (III) Mitigation of Shore Damages Attributabte to Navigation Projects (Section 111, PL 90-483, as amended) Allocation FY 1997 $473,000 Tentative Allocation FY 1998 $500,000 GENERAL: Section 111 of the River and Harbor Act of 1968 (PL 90-483), as amended, authorizes the construction of projects for the prevention or mitigation of shore damages attributable to Federal navigation works. The cost of installation, operation, and maintenance shall be borne entirely by the United States. Projects first cost shall not exceed $2,000,000 without specific authorization by Congress. BUDGET REQUEST: The $500,000 requested in Fiscal Year 1998 is to continue the Section 111 program of mitigation of shore damages attributable to Federal navigation works. Construction starts will be fully funded when initiated. 6 FEB 1J3l. 98 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Construction, General, FY 1998 2. Navigation Projects c. Inland Waterways Users Board Allocation FY 1997 $225,000 Tentative Allocation FY 1998 $225,000 The $225,000 requested for Fiscal Year 1998 is to support, operations and expenses of the Inland Waterways Users Board, established by Section 302 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986, (PL 99-662) and pursuant to the Board's charter, approved by the Secretary of the Army on March 3, 1987. The Board is an advisory committee subject to the requirements of the Federal Advisory Committee Act (PL 92-463). (1) Funds in the amount of $40,000 are requested to meet the estimated expenses of the eleven member Board for its travel, meeting, and other needs to meet the requirements of the Charter. (2) Funds in the amount of $185,000 are requested for Corps of Engineers expenses related to its responsibilities as an advisory committee sponsor. The Director of Civil Works has been designated Executive Director to the Board, and he has designated staff members to provide continuing Board support. Corps expenses will include personnel costs for administrative Board meeting support, including staff travel, clerical, printing, and related materials. 4. Beach Erosion Control Projects b. Projects Not Specifically Authorized by Congress (Section 103, PL 87-874, as amended) Allocation FY 1997 $5,448,000 Tentative Allocation FY 1998 $3,000,000 GENERAL: Section 103 of the River and Harbor Act of 1962 (PL 87-874), as amended, authorizes up to $30,000,000 annually for construction of shore and beach restoration and protection projects where not already specifically authorized by Congress. Projects under this special authority are formulated to provide the same complete project and same degree of protection provided under regular authorization procedures. Each ~roject selected must be economically justified and complete within itself. Federal cost participation is limited to ~2,000,000 per project. BUDGET REQUEST: The $3,000,000 requested for Fiscal Year 1998 is to continue the Section 103 program of development and construction of flood, hurricane, and storm damage protection measures along the Nation's shorelines. Construction starts will be fully funded when initiated. 6 FEB i997 99 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Construction, General, FY 1998 5. Flood Control Projects a. Local Protection (II) Projects Not Specifically Authorized by Congress (Section 205, PL 80-858, as amended) Allocation FY 1997 $30,895,000 Tentative Allocation FY 1998 $32,400,000 GENERAL: Section 205 of the Flood Control Act of 1948 (PL 80-858), as amended, authorizes up to $40,000,000 annually for construction of flood control projects where such construction is not already specifically authorized by Congress. Projects are designed to provide the same complete project and same degree of protection provided under regular authorization procedures. Each project selected must be economically justified and complete within itself. Federal cost participation is limited to $5,000,000 per project. BUDGET REQUEST: The $32,400,000 requested for Fiscal Year 1998 is to continue the Section 205 program of devel~pment and construction of flood damage prevention projects at locations throughout the Nation. Construction starts will be fully funded when initiated. (III) Emergency Streambank and Shoreline Protection (Section 14, PL 79-526, as amended) Allocation FY 1997 $8,989,000 Tentative Allocation FY 1998 $7,800,000 GENERAL: Section 14 of the Flood Control Act of 1946 (PL 79-526), as amended, authorizes up to $12,500,000 annually for the construction of emergency bank protection works to prevent flood damages to highways, bridge approaches, public works, churches, hospitals, schools, and other non-profit public services. Each project selected must be economically justified and complete within itself. Federal participation under this authority is limited to a cost of not more than $500,000 at any single locality. BUDGET REQUEST: The $7,800,000 requested in Fiscal Year 1998 is to continue the Section 14 program of emergency bank protection construction to prevent flood damages to highways, bridge approaches, and essential public facilities at locations throughout the nation. Construction starts will be fully funded when initiated. 100 6 FEB i997 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Construction, General, FY 1998 5. Flood Control Projects a. Local Protection (IV) Snagging and Clearing (Section 208, PL 83-780, as amended) Allocation FY 1997 $473,000 Tentative Allocation FY 1998 $500,000 GENERAL: Section 208 of the Flood Control Act o'f 1954 (PL 83-780), as amended, authorizes up to $7,500,000 annually for removing accumulated snags and other debris, and clearing and straightening of the channels in navigable streams and tributaries thereof, when in the opinion of the Chief of Engineers such work is advisable in the interest of flood control. Federal cost participation under this authority is limited to a cost of not more than $500,000 for any single tributary. Each project selected must be economically justified and complete-within-itself. I BUDGET REQUEST: The $500,000 requested in Fiscal Year 1998 is to continue the Section 208 program of channel clearing in the interest of flood control at locations throughout the Nation. Construction starts will be fully funded when initiated. 6 FEB 1397 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Construction, General, FY 1998 10. Improvement of the Environment a. Project Modifications for Improvement of the Environment (Section 1135, PL 99-662, as amended) Allocation FY 1997 $16,086,000 Tentative Allocation FY 1998 $21,175,000 GENERAL: Section 1135 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (PL 99-662), as amended, authorizes up to $25,000,000 annually to review the operation of Corps water resources projects to determine the need for structural or operational modifications for the purpose of improving the quality of the environment in the public interest, and to carry out a program of such modifications that are feasible and consistent with authorized project purposes. The non Federal share of the cost of any modifications will be 25 percent. Modifications with estimated Federal costs over $5,000,000 require specific Congressional authorization. BUDGET REQUEST: The $21,175,000 requested for Fiscal Year 1~98 is to continue Section 1135 program of structu~al or operational modifications to projects in the interest of improving the quality of the environment. Funds included in this request are sufficient to provide 75 percent of the costs; the balance of the costs will be provided by the non Federal sponsor. Construction starts will be fully funded when initiated. b. Aquatic Ecosystem Restoration (Section 206, P.L. 104-303) Allocation for FY 1997 $0 Tentative Allocation FY 1998 $2,000,0QO GENERAL: Section 206 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1996 authorizes up to $25,000,000 annually to carry out aquatiy ecosystem restoration projects that will improve the quality of the environment, are in the public interest and are cost-effective. Non-Federal interests shall provide 35 percent of the cost of construction including provision of all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and necessary relocations. Non-Federal interests shall pay 100 percent of the cost of operation, maintenance, replacement and rehabilitation. Not more than $5,000,000 in Federal funds may be allocated to a project at a single locality. BUDGET REQUEST: The $2,000,000 requested for Fiscal Year 1998 is to initiate the Section 206 program of aquatic habitat restoration. Funds included in this request will provide 65 percent of the project cost with the remaining 35 percent provided by the non-Federal sponsor. Construction starts will be fully funded when initiated. .._- 6 FEB 1937 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Construction, General, FY 1998 12. Aquatic Plant Control Program SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA: Estimated Annual Cost for Continuing Program $ 2,600,000 Allocation for FY 1996 $ 3 I 668 I 000 Allocation for FY 1997 1,893,000 Allocation Requested for FY 1998 ~ 2,600,000 AUTHORIZATION: Section 104 of the River and Harbor Act of 1958, (P.L. 85-500), as amended by Section 104 of the River and Harbor Act of 1962, (P.L. 87-874), Section 302 of the River and Harbor Act of 1965 (P.L. 89-298), and Sections 103, 105, and 941 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (P.L. 99-662) and Section 225 of the Water Resource Deyelopment Act of 1996. JUSTIFICATION: Nearly 1.6 million acres nationwide are now infested with problem aquatic plants. The potential spread of the plants is over several million acres. The Corps manages over 5.5 million surface acres of water at its reservoir projects alone, with significant additional acreage as part of navigation projects. Lack of continued funding will be the loss of needed technologies for consistent management missions of the Corps. Eurasian watermilfoil, water hyacinth, alligatorweed, and other exotic species continue to expand from local infestations, many of which are interfering with navigation, flood control, hydropower production and water-borne recreational uses. New colonies of objectionable aquatic plants continue to be found, such as hydrilla in the Potomac River and the Chesapeake Bay and Eurasian watermilfoil in the Northwest. Aquatic plant control research, which is an integral component of the APC Program, is the nation's only federally authorized research program for technology needed to manage non-indigenous aquatic plant species. The objective of the research is to develop cost effective, environmentally compatible aquatic plant control technology, including biological, chemical, mechanical and integrated control methods. The control technology resulting from APC research forms the national base in this area, and is applied not only to control aquatic plant infestations in public waters nationwide, but is also essential to cost effective, environmentally compatible, aquatic plant control for the operation and maintenance of Corps projects. An annual expenditure ceiling of $12,000,000 is established for the entire Aquatic Plant Control Program including its operations, planning and research components. ACCOMPLISHMENTS: Funds appropriated in prior years have permitted control of major infestations of problem aquatic plants in critical areas. The direct application of technologies developed by research under the Aquatic Plant Control Program have resulted in the reduction of waterhycinth in the Gulf Coast States and California of over 3 million acres. In Louisiana alone, water hyacinth has been reduced from 1.5 million acres to about 200,000 acres. In addition, technology developed by the APC research program has resulted in a nationwide reduction of alligatorweed. Annual savings produced by application of these APC research technologies in the cases above are estimated from $5-15,000,000 over the costs of conventional methods. APC research conducted under this program is producing information on the physiological requirements of problem aquatic plants and is producing new biological, chemical and mechanical technology for their control. The research program has identified, evaluated and introduced biological agents that have helped in the control of water hyacinth in Louisiana, Florida, and Texas, and has made available a successful control agent for alligatorweed in the deep south. All such species must pass a rigid quarantine program and be certified for release prior to the field tests. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Waterways Experiment Station has transferred information concerning new technique·s and tools to users at the Federal, state, and local levels, quickly, efficiently, and successfully in accordance with their stated purposes. 6 lEB 1997 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Construction, General, FY 1998 FISCAL YEAR 1998: $2,600,000 will be used for continued research efforts for aquatic plant control technologies, to support the operation and maintenance of Corps projects. Efforts will focus on control methods for submersed aquatic plants (i.e. Eurasian watermilfoil, and hydrilla), with emphasis on biological control agents. Research efforts are fully coordinated with other Federal, state, and local agencies to prevent duplication of effort and to ensure that research under this program is consistent with, and complementary to, the research efforts of others. The cost of research dealing with problems/outputs of regional or nationwide importance is 100% Federal. 13. Beneficial uses of Dredged Material (Section 204, P.L. 102-580) Allocation FY 1997 $1,419,000 Tentative Allocation FY 1998 $2,000,000 GENERAL: Section 204 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (Public Law 102-580) authorizes the Secretary of the Army to carry out projects for the protection, restoration, and creation of aquatic and ecologically relat~d habitats, including wetlands, in connection with dredging for construction, operation, or maintenance by the Secretary of an authorized navigation project. Annual appropriations not to exceed $15,000,000 are authorized. Non-Federal interests would be required to share in a minimum of 25 percent of the cost of each project including the provision of all required lands, easements, rights-of-way and relocations with the value of these contributions included in the 25 percent non-Federal share of the project and to pay 100 percent of the operation, maintenance, and replacement and rehabilitation cost of the wetland or other aquatic habitat area. The costs of the habitat protection, restoration or creation project would be limited to costs which are in excess of those costs'necessary to carry out the dredging for the authorized navigation project. BUDGET REQUEST: The $2,000,000 requested in Fi~cal Year 1998 is to continue a cost shared program for the protection, restoration and creation of aquatic and ecologically related habitats, including wetlands. This program would support the objectives of the Coastal Am~rica Partnership, the North American Waterfowl Management Plan; and the cooperative agreement between the Department of the Army and the National Marine Fisheries Service, Construction starts will be fully funded when initiated, 1.04 _6 FEB 1997 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Construction, General 14. Employees Compensation (Payments to the Department of Labor) FY 1996 FY 1997 FY 1998 $18,984,000 $18,892,000 $18,048,000 Public Law 94-273, approved April 21, 1976, 5 USC 8147b, provides that each agency shall include in its annual budget estimates a request for an appropriation equal to costs previously paid from the Employees Compensation Fund on account of injury or death of employees or persons under the agency's jurisdiction. I The amount of $18,892,000 represents the total costs of benefits and other payments made from the Employees Compensation Fund during the period July 1, 1994, through June 30, 1995, due to injury or death of persons under the jurisdiction of the Corps of Engineers civil functions; · 105 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY, CORPS OF ENGINEERS -- CIVIL OPERATION AND MANTENANCE, GENERAL FISCAL YEARS 1996 - 1998 SUMMARY OF REMAINING ITEMS Nat./ FY 1996 FY 1997 FY 1998 Activity Lab Appropriation Appropriation Budget ($) ($) ($) 1. Navigation Projects a. Channels and Harbors Coastal Inlet Research Program R 2,000,000 1,250,000 4,000,000 Dredging Operations and Environmental Research (DOER) R 1,500,000 6,000,000 Dredging Operations Technical Support (DOTS) Program L 1,675,000 al 1,700,000 - Monitoring of Coastal Navigation Projects L 1,900,000 1,500,000 1,900,000 - Scanning Hydrographic Operational Airborne Lidar Survey (SHOALS) L 1,750,000 b. Locks And Dams Repair, Evaluation, Maint. & Rehab. Research (REMR II) R 1,500,000 1,500,000 3,000,000 - River Confluence Ice Research Program R 500,000 2. Flood Control a. Reservoirs - Cultural Resources (NAGPRAICuration) N 2,000,000 1,000,000 2,000,000 National Dam Safety Program N 20,000 20,000 20,000 Natural Resources Technical Support (NRTS) L al · 900,000 - Water Operations Technical Support (WOTS) Program L al 850,000 4. Protection of Navigation (The four items, a, b, c, and d are on one justification sheet) Dredging Data and Lock Performance Monitoring System IWR 480,000 480,000 735,000 - Group of Four: a. Protecting, Clearing and Straightening Channels (Sec.3) N 50,000 50,000 50,000 b. Removal of Sunken Vessels N 500,000 500,000 500;000 c. Waterborne Commerce Statistics N 4,200,000 4,000,000 4,000,000 d. Harbor Maintenance Fee Data collection N 600,000 5. National Emergency Preparedness Program (NEPP) N 5,000,000 5,000,000 5,500,000 6. Project Operations Support Program Earthquake Hazards Program For Buildings and Lifelines L 800,000 700,000 2,930,000 Mississippi River Basin Mainstem Model Development N 500,000 500,000 - Operations Technical Support N al 2, 175,000 al - Performance Based Budgeting Support program IWR 415,000 - Reliability Models Program For Major Rehabilitation _L______5_0_0~,_0_0_0 _____ 5_0_0~·~0_0_0 _____ 6_7_5~,~0_0_0_ Total Remaining Items 22,875,000 21, 175,000 35,775,000 al The DOTS, WOTS and NRTS programs were grouped under the Operations Technical Support (OTS) program in FY 199.7. i 1.06 6 FEB 1937 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY 1998 1. NAVIGATION a. Channels and Harbors Coastal Inlets Research Program SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA: Estimated Eight-Year (FY 1994-2001) Program Cost $20,000,000 Allocation for FY 1997 1,225,000 Allocation Requested for FY 1998 4,000,000 Increase of FY 1998 from FY 1997 2,775,000 Balance to Complete after !Y 1998 5,550,000 JUSTIFICATION: Based on past experience, the Corps of Engineers will expend an estimated $8 to $10 billion over the next 25 years at the more than 100 tidal inlets with existing federal navigation projects. Political, engineering, and demographic factors may increase these costs. The public perception, right or wrong, that federal activities at inlets cause adverse response at adjacent beaches may require additional, expensive mitigation. Public sensitivity to current maintenance practices, where dredged material is placed in offshore disposal areas, may result in requirements for more nearshore placements of maintenance materials to benefit adjacent beaches. Inlets are the primary conduit for the transport of environmental constituents from bays to the open ocean, and the Corps may be constrained from performing present activities unless it can make accurate predictions of inlet response, and thus environmental response, to such activities. Littl,!e research to develop cost-reducing technology has been directed at coastal inlets. The Coastal Navigation and Storm-Damage Reduction Research Program, funded under the base General Investigations R&D Program, has studied some isolated aspects of coastal inlets, particularly the development of scour at structures placed at inlets and the movement of sediment in and near inlets. However, these studies are insufficient in their scope and content to satisfy the design and maintenance needs of the Corps of Engineers relative to coastal inlets. Therefore, the Coastal Inlets Research Program was initiated in FY 1994 to address the special needs of the Corps in this area. The Coastal Inlets Research Program is a short-term program to increase Corps capabilities to cost effectively design and maintain the over 100 inlet projects which comprise the bulk1 of coastal operations and maintenance (O&M) expenditures. Because of their complex nature, the behavior of iniets is poorly understood. So little is known about inlet behavior and response that it is likely that the Corps is ,....6 .. ,..,. .... FEB l.J.;/ 1.07 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY 1998 spending much more of its O&M budget than necessary to maintain inlet projects. The Coastal Inlets Research Program will study functional aspects of inlets such as their short- and long-term behavior and their response to waves, tides, currents, and man-made changes, given their geologic makeup. As inlet behavior becomes better understood, sophisticated tools for management of inlets for navigation projects, such as models and empirical relationships, will become available from the research program. MAJOR FEATURES OF THE FY 1998 PROGRAM: a. Define inlet behavior in terms of water movement and sedimentation. b. Complete intensive, short-duration field data collection effort at an existing inlet. Data are used to adjust, calibrate, and verify models. c. Complete large-scale laboratory study of sediment paths around navigation structures. The study results will be used to model how sediment bypasses structures and enters navigation channels. d. Complete case study of inlet evolution and effect of engineering activities at Ocean City, Maryland. Lessons learned from the case study will be applied to continuing problems at Ocean City Inlet, as well as provide documented procedures to address similar problems for projects at other locations. e. Develop relationships between navigation structure layout and sedimentation of the navigation channel. These relationships will be used to reduce channel dredging and realignment. f. Develop empirical relationship to predict scour depth due to incoming tidal currents being deflected by an inlet navigation structure. The relationship will be used to develop guidance for preventing and repairing scour at inlet structures. ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF THE FY 1997 PROGRAM: a. Developed empirical relationship to predict scour depth due to outgoing tidal currents being deflected by an inlet navigation structure. b. Developed preliminary sediment budget methodology. Sediment budgets track the movement of sediment at an inlet and are a primary tool for sand management at inlets. c. Completed study of innerbank erosion mechanisms. Erosion of the inlet and bay.banks produce increased sedimentation of the navigation channel and threaten the stability of navigation structures. i.08 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY 1998 d. Completed study of shoal removal. Shoals are major sources of local beach nourishment material for damage mitigation purposes, but their removal may affect adjacent beaches and navigation channels. 6 FEB iJ37 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY 1998 1. NAVIGATION a. Channels and Harbors Dredging Operations and Environmental Research (DOER) Program SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA Estimated Eight-Year (FY 1997 - 2004) Program Cost $48,000,000 Allocation for FY 1997 1,470,000 Allocation Requested for FY 1998 6,000,000 Increase of FY 1998 over FY 1997 4,530,000 Balance to Complete after FY 1998 40,530,000 JUSTIFICATION: The last comprehensive research effort on contaminated sediments and dredged material management was completed in 1978 under P.L. 91-611. The Water Resources Development Acts of 1986, 1988, 1990 and 1992 and several recent Bills pending before Congress, including H.R.2173, S.1114, S.1183 and S.75, contained provisions aimed at contaminated sediments in navigation channels and dredged material management. Contaminant level detection limits are now in the parts per quadrillion range and traditional upland disposal areas have reached or are reaching capacity. The continued economic viability and national defense of the Nation will depend upon our ability to remove and manage dredged materials in an environmentally responsible manner. Research is proposed in six areas to address the navigation dredging and environmental protection miss1ons of the Corps. The program will identify candidate screening methods for dioxin that, if successfully simplified, will result in significantly reduced.testing costs at virtually all harbors. Developing methods for recovering marginally contaminated sediments from upland disposal areas for beneficial use and developing techniques to better characterize the contaminant status of dredged material are key components of the program and will save valuable capacity in traditional upland areas. Research on siting and dike design of containment islands in coastal and ocean environments is intended to compliment contaminant loss from upland disposal site investigations. This research will be conducted in full coordination and cooperation with other appropriate agencies and offices such as Environmental Protection Agency, National Marine Fisheries Service and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Aggressive technology transfer and technology application will ensure that research products are integrated into decision making at Corps projects and made available to port authorities and other navigation project sponsors. Research is proposed in six areas to address the navigation dredging and environmental protection 1.1.0 6 FE.B i~87 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY 1998 mission. Research area products are designed to address issues impacting our ability to maintain a safe, reliable and economically efficient navigation system: These areas are: 1. Contaminated Sediment Characterization, Management and Treatment 2. Dredge Instrumentation to Improve Efficiency 3. Nearshore and Offshore Placement of Dredged Material and Containment Island Siting and Design 4. Environmental Windows for Dredging Operations 5. Cost-effective Applic2..:ion of Innovative Equipment Technologies 6. Environmental Risk Assessment and Management for Contaminated Sediments These areas of the DOER program were designed to include those efforts identified as having the potential to produce the greatest returns to the Corps of Engineers dredging program. Benefits include environmental quality improvements achieved through proper application of environmental windows; cost effective compliance with regulatory requirements for identifying and containing contaminated sediments; improved techniques for predicting the movement of dredged material placed in the nearshore or off shore zone, greater flexibility in dredging in sensitive ecological areas, and expanded options for beneficial uses of dredged material. MAJOR FEATURES OF THE FY 1998 PROGRAM a. Document and validate cost-effective screening methods for high profile toxic substances (e.g. dioxin) for wider application in Corps projects; estimate potential cost savings from their application. b. Integrate economic and ecological risk factors for dredging and dredged material disposal alternative assessment and selection. c. Select field sites for demonstration of nearshore dredged materials placement resulting in major economic and environmental benefits. d. Establish the technical and managerial requirements for an automated dredging and dredged-material disposal performance assessment. e. With the National Research Council, initiate a cooperative assessment of high priority seasonal dredging restrictions that result in severe economic impact, safety implications, and constraints on national dredging program. 1.1.:1 ..,....6 FEB i827 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY 1998 f. Identify and recommend innovative dredging equipment for demonstration that will reduce the costs of the Corps' dredging program. g. Identify existing confined dredged-material disposal facilities containing marginally contaminated sediments and establish an assessment framework for removal for beneficial use and increased capacity purposes. MAJOR ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF THE FY 1997 PROGRAM a. Selected screening methods for high profile contaminants (e.g., dioxins, polyaromatic hydrocar9ons (PAHs), and PCBs) and completed investigations to establish accuracy, precision, and analytical costs. b. Established suitable environmental, economic and engineering factors for selection of sites for nearshore beneficial use placement of dredged material. c. Selected basic ecological risk assessment framework through coordination with EPA offices and other experts in the risk assessment/management field and applied to existing data sets. d. Completed survey of critical fis1cal and managerial impacts of seasonal environmental restrictions on dredging and dredged-material disposal for National Research Council evaluation. 112 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY 1998 1. NAVIGATION a. Channels and Harbors Dredging Operations Technical Support (DOTS) Program SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA: Allocation for FY 1996 $1,675,000 Allocation for FY 1997 950,000 Allocation Requested for FY 1998 (Continuing Program) 1,700,000 AQTHORIZATION: Under basic project authority in conjunction with general authorities contained in various laws. JUSTIFICATION: Maintaining the nation's navigation projects require compliance with numerous statutes and Presidential Executive Orders. The Dredging Operations Technical Support (DOTS) program provides comprehensive and interdisciplinary technology transfer/technology application to all Corps navigation dredging projects. DOTS is managed from a centralized program to maximize cost effectivener,s and implement National policies and laws on a consistent basis. The DOTS program provides direct technical support on a project reimbursable basis to all Corps of Engineers elements involved in maintenance of Corps navigation projects. The DOTS program focuses on application of technology and research results to field problems. Emerging scientific approaches to testing dredged material and constant changes in regulation of these programs cause uncertainty in administration of the Corps dredging program. DOTS provides ready response on a project reimbursable bas.is to technical issues with technology transfer capability to other projects with simi1ar problems. Short-term work efforts to address generic Corps-wide technical dredging and dredged material disposal and contaminated sediments problems are major features of the DOTS program. Technology transfer of new and emerging techniques in assessment and management of dredged material for application at Corps maintenance projects is an important DOTS activity. M&!:QR FEATURES: 1. Training of Corps staff on the latest environmental and engineering techniques associated with dredging and dredged material disposal and with water quality and related aquatic environmental issues; technology transfer of new and emerging techniques used to determine compliance with environmental protection statutes regarding the management of dredged material; and short-term work efforts to address generic Corps-wide technical dredging and dredging material management problems. 11.3 6 FEB 1997 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY 1998 2. Special emphasis is placed on transfer of technology developed by others that deal with the treatment and decontamination of highly contaminated sediments. Application and transfer of innovative risk based technologies that identify, assess, and manage sediments c~ntaminated with high profile chemicals such as dioxin, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, and polychlorinated biphenols are important DOTS tasks. Generic technology is presented in the form of field ready decision support systems. 1.1.4 _6 FEB 1~~7 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY 1998 ACCOMPLISHMENTS: Since inception of the program, over 3,850 requests for technical assistance have been provided on individual Corps navigation projects. Ongoing dredged material technology application tasks include guidance in using the implementation manuals for the Clean Water Act and the Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act. Guidance for applying techniques and methodologies to the management of contaminated dredged material including risk management, equipment selection, confined disposal facility management, and quality assurance/control were implemented and published. The program also reported ocean dumping activities to the EPA and the International Maritime Organization as required by the London Convention. Since the program initiated the sediment management seminars in 1991, over 3,000 personnel from Federal, state and local agencies have been trained at 10 seminars on the latest techniques in regulating, testing, and managing dredged materials. Annually, the program publishes and distributes nearly 25,000 copies of manuals, bulletins, technical reports and videos on dredging and dredged material management activities. A joint Corps/Environmental Protection Agency task force will develop analytical procedures and a decision-making framework for dioxin-contaminated dredged material. The program is also supporting the Corps' navigation dredging mission at New York Harbor, NY; Grays Harbor, WA; Mobile Harbor, AL; Los Angles Harbor, CA; and Boston Harbor, MA. Over 25,000 copies of the publication "Dredging-Building and Maintaining Our Underwater Highways" were produced and distributed under the program in FY 96. 115 ~6 FEB W:1i APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY 1998 1. NAVIGATION a. Channels and Harbors Monitoring of Coastal Navigation Projects SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA Average Annual Continuing Program Cost $ 2,000,000 Allocations for FY 1997 1,500,000 Allocation Requested for FY 1998 1,900,000 Increase of FY 1998 over FY 1997 400,000 JUSTIFICATION: A national program is needed to monitor, evaluate, and document the performance of projects that are designed to solve or mitigate major coastal navigation problems. Navigation projects often involve large financial investments. The Corps now has 800 navigation projects to maintain. Overly conservative design will make a project more expensive than it should be. Conversely, a deficient design usually leads to excessive life-cycle costs through operation and maintenance costs. This program monitors project performance, evaluates the performance against preconstruction projections, and transfers the sometimes costly lessons learned into guidance for Districts. Sediment transport patterns, water depths, currents, waves, flushing characteristics, tidal stages, and other hydrodynamic phenomena are changed by the construction of navigation projects. Information gained from monitoring coastal navigation projects, including the magnitude and rate of these changes, is required to verify design expectations, determine benefits, and evaluate operational and maintenance efficiencies. Information collected from monitored coastal navigation projects will be used by the local Districts to improve project performance. Additionally, this information will be collected and analyzed on a national basis to document successful designs, disseminate lessons learned on projects with problems, and provide upgraded field guidance that will help reduce life-cycle costs on a national scale. SCOPE: A selective and intensive monitoring of Civil Works coastal navigation projects is executed to acquire information to improve project purpose attainment, design guidance, construction methods, and operation and maintenance (O&M) techniques. Projects that will potentially provide maximum national life cycle cost savings are identified and those that best address high-priority cost savings are selected for monitoring and evaluation. Monitoring plans are developed jointly by Corps of Engineers Districts and the USAE Waterways Experiment Station (WES) . They consist of either a comprehensive detailed survey to verify post-construction conditions on a one time basis or a continuous (or repetitive) collection of field data. Generally, monitoring efforts will not exceed five years in length. The intensive data base is analyzed and 1.1.6 -6 FEB 1937 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY 1998 the field results compared to the pre-construction predictions to verify or upgrade existing design guidance, minimize O&M cost, and assure project-formulated benefits. The analyses include structural, topographic, and hydrodynamic responses and intercomparisons of projects when applicable. ACCOMPLISHMENTS: Technical reports summarizing monitoring results have been published for projects at Burns Harbor, IN; Agat Harbor, Guam; the Siuslaw River Jetties, OR; Colorado River, TX; Redondo Beach, CA; Nawiliwili Harbor Breakwater, HI; St. Joseph, MI; Barnegat Inlet, NJ; and St. Paul Harbor, AK. Nominations for new monitoring sites were solicited from CE districts and a monitoring plan developed for a new project at Morro Bay, CA. A u~ographic Information System (GIS) data base for management of the Ocean Dredged Material Disposal Site at the Mouth of the Columbia River, OR, was developed. Preliminary guidance for underwater stone placement on coastal structures in the North Central Division was published. Significant results meriting emphasis include evaluation of spur jetties as an effective alternative to costly maintenance dredging; evaluation of side-scan sonar imagery and an acoustic scanner as cost efficient underwater inspection techniques for navigation structures; development of photogrammetric monitoring techniques for relatively cheap, fast, and accurate structure surveys; verification of a recently developed shallow-water wave model; use of ground penetrating radar for mapping the underground clay surface of nearshore areas for navigation structure foundations; evaluation of improved instrumentation for measuring sediment transport into navigation channels; and data showing the importance of considering the effects of currents along with waves on navigation structure stability. Monitoring results have also assisted in developing more efficient maintenance programs at Cattaraugus Creek, NY; East Pass, FL; Puget Sound, WA; Umpqua River, OR; Manasquan Inlet, NJ; Oakland Beach, RI; Bodega Bay, CA; Cleveland- Harbor, OH; Barbers Point, HI; Ocean City Inlet, MD; Fisherman's Wharf, CA; the Hawaiian Breakwaters; Burns Harbor, IN; Yaquina Bay, OR; and Cr~scent City, CA; and valuable lessons learned through monitoring these projects have been transferred to field offices for use on current and future projects. FY 1998 ACTIVITIES: Reports based on monitoring of North Central Division coastal structures at Cleveland Harbor, OH, Calumet Harbor, IN/IL, and Chicago Harbor, IN, and the jetties at Humboldt Bay, CA, are in preparation. Monitoring efforts will continue for a dredged material disposal site at the Mouth of the Columbia River, OR/WA, navigation project at Morro Bay, CA, and breakwater at Ofu Harbor, American Samoa. ITEM FY 1997 FY 1998 Recommended Monitoring Plan Reports $ 30,000 $ 30,000 Monitoring and Data Reports 1,570,000 1,570,000 ,Program Management and Data Storage 300,000 300,000 1.1.7 _6 FEB W37 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY 1998 $1,900,000 $1,900,000 COORDINATION: Coordination between the Corps of Engineers and other Federal, State, and local agencies is essential for proper accomplishment of this program. In addition to satisfying Corps of Engineers requirements, the data are made available through publications and will be of value to local, State, and other Federal agencies tasked with the development and implementation of regional coastal navigation management policies. :1:18 ~6 FEB 1997 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY 1998 1. NAVIGATION b. Locks and Dams Repair, Evaluation, Maintenance, and Rehabilitation Research Program (REMR II) SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA Estimated Total iFY 1991-1998) Program Cost $3..:. I 743 I 000 Allocations for FY 1997 1,500,000 Allocation Requested for FY 1998 3,000,000 Increase of FY 1998 over FY 1997 1,000,000 Balance to Complete after 1998 0 JUSTIFICATION: Eighty-five percent of the Corps of Engineers hydraulic structures are over 20 years old, 60 percent are over 30 years old, and 20 percent are over 50 years old. The increasing age of these structures is the primary reason that the Corps' O&M cost has grown to 48 percent of its budget. The objective of the REMR Research Program is to identify and develop innovative technologies that will reduce the cost of maintaining and extending the service life of the Corps' aging civil Works infrastructure. The initial REMR Research Program clearly demonstrated the benefits of advanced technology in meeting the needs of the Corps. That program is credited with $200 million in savings and cost-avoidances from the $35 million research investment (a 5.7 to 1 return on investment within 5 years of completion), The REMR-II Research Program is in the seventh year of its scheduled eight-year life and has already produced a number of innovative concepts and techniques including a new design for navigation lock lift-gates that eliminates the need for replacement caused by poor fatigue resistance inherent with current designs, cost-effective reservoir shoreline erosion control techniques, improved maintenance procedures for hydraulic structures containing lead pigmented paints to reduce adverse environmental effects, a patented concrete armor unit for rubble-mound structures that will significantly reduce the cost of coasta~ structures, numerical modeling systems for more economical evaluation and repair of high-velocity channels, and a geomembrane system for the underwater repair of leaking joints and cracks in concrete dams and intake towers. Fiscal year 1998 is the final year for the program, and it is critical that it be funded at the requested level in order to complete the research efforts in which the Corps has a major investment, and to document the results and transfer the technology. Technology developed to date will result in cost savings of $30 million, and an estimated $150 million will be realized upon successful completion of the $31.8 million program. ACTIVITIES OF THE FY 1998 PROGRAM: This is the final year of this very productive program and efforts will 1.19 _6 FEB iS&7 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY 1998 be devoted to the development of final guidance and the transfer of the technology. A summary of the scheduled activities under each problem area follows: 1. Concrete and Steel Structures. Final performance criteria for dimensionally compatible concrete repair materials will be developed that will result in more durable, longer-lasting repairs to concrete structures. An expert system will be developed to assist in the selection of the proper repair material. Guidance will be developed for the repair of leaking joints and cracks in concrete hydraulic structures that will result in cost-effective durable repairs. An ultra-sonic pulse-echo system for non-destructive testing of concrete will be demonstrated to provide information on concrete at depths greater than possible with other systems. 2. Geotechnical. Final guidance will be issued on allowable vegetation on levees and the maintenance activities required to assure safe levees. Design guidance will be issued on cost-effective shoreline erosion control techniques for reservoirs. Final guidance will be issued on innovative techniques for levee rehabilitation and recommendations made concerning the update of the Corps Engineering Manuals. Recommended guidance will be developed for accurately evaluating the stability of existing concrete gravity structures which will avoid unnecessary and expensive rehabilitation measures. Guidance will be developed for determination of stone degradation and performance prediction testing for construction stone. This guidance can be used to select more durable stone and thus reduce maintenance and replacement costs. 3. Hydraulics. Mini- and microcomputer versions of the numerical modeling system called TABS, for evaluation and design of estuarine and riverine training structures, will be documented and released in final form. 4. Coastal. Final guidance will be published on the construction of a stable toe for a coastal structure in a combined wave and flow environment. This guidance will drastically reduce the number 1 of toe related repair problems at coastal structures. Results of large-scale tests on CORE-LOC armor units for repair of coastal structures will be published and used to determine the most cost-effective size of these armor units for various coastal environments. 5. Electrical and Mechanical. Electrical and mechanical. A universal volatile organic compounds (VOC) compliant coating system for locks and dams will be developed. This system will ensure compliance with various state environmental laws while providing long-term, cost-effective protection of the metal components of Corps locks and dams. 6. Operations Manaoement. Training courses will be conducted on recently developed management systems for Corps structures. These management systems provide effective management tool.s for tracking the :120 6 FEB 1997 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY 1998 service condition of individual structures with time. They can be used to optimize maintenance and repair schedules. Procedures will be developed for obtaining condition indexes for service bridges and management systems will be developed for coastal structures (e.g. breakwaters, jetties, bulkheads and revetments) COORDINATION. Extensive program coordination exists. First, expertise relevant to REMR problems is obtained from the technical staffs of various field operating agencies, and a synthesis of existing knowledge is made available to field operating agencies. Second, the program is coordinated with other Federal agencies (U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Tennessee Valley Authority, and Federal Energy Regulatory Commission) through th~ biennial Interagency Research Coordination ~onferences, annually through REMR-II meetings, and more frequently through meetings between experts in the particular problem areas. Third, a REMR Information Exchange Bulletin is published on an irregular basis and distributed to over 3,500 individuals, technical organizations and societies, and local, state, regional, and Federal agencies. ACCOMPLISHMENTS FOR FY 1997. A summary of accomplishments under each of the six problem areas follows: 1. Concrete and Steel Structures. New concepts were developed for precast concrete elements which provide cost savings in the repair and rehabilitation of concrete structures. Methods for in situ repair of deep cracks in mass concrete were developed. Optimum roller-compacted concrete mixtures for repairs were determined. A non-linear pulse-echo system was developed for nondestructive evaluation of concrete at greater depths than possible with current systems. These three thrusts will result in significant cost savings of at least $4 million. 2. Geotechnical. All field tests on the effects of vegetation on levee performance were completed and used to develop new, maintenance procedures. Methods of controlling seepage through levees, and innovative cpncepts for slope instability protection were investigated. Both of these studies will result in increased levee safety and decreased maintenance costs. Draft guidance was prepared on cost-effective shoreline erosion control techniques for reservoirs. A case history search was conducted on the durability of stone under various environmental conditions. This case history will be used to verify our preliminary classification system for construction stone that will allow the selection of more durable stone for Corps projects and thus reduce maintenance costs. 3. Hydraulics. Mini- and microcomputer versions of the hydraulic numerical modeling system called TABS, for evaluating the efficiency of existing estuarine and riverine training structures, was released to field engineers for evaluation. This system will be used for the design of more economical and effective training structures. Field demonstrations of solutions for ice accumulation probl~ms on Corps hydraulic structures were conducted during winter operations. Those solutions will permit more efficient winter operations. .. 121 _6 FEB 1937 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY 1998 4. Coastal. All physical model studies and data collection were completed for the design of a stable toe for coastal structures in a combined wave and flow environment. The stable toe design will prevent failure of the toe of these structures which leads to progressive failure of the structure and results in the need for major rehabilitation. The design of optimum concrete armor units for use in repair and rehabilitation of coastal structures was developed. 5. Electrical and Mechanical. Specifications were developed for Volatile Organic Compound (VOC} Compliant Coating Systems for lock and dams. 6. Operations Management. Training courses were conducted on recently developed management syste~s for three types of Corps structures. These management systems provided effective management tools for tracking the service condition of individual structures with time. They can be used to optimize maintenance and repair schedules. Procedures were developed for obtaining condition indexes for earth and rockfill dams. Management systems were developed for lock and dam operating machinery. 7. OTHER. Four additional REMR Information Exchange Bulletins were published; an additional supplement to the REMR Notebook was issued which contained technical notes on materials, equipment, methods and techniques for maintenance and repair; and REMR technology was incorporated into appropriate Civil Works Engineering Manuals. 1.22 (6 F,EB i'.i'.:17 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY 1998 2.FLOOD CONTROL. a. Reservoirs. Cultural Resources(NAGPRA/Curation) SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA Estimated Total (FY 1994 ~ 2001) Program cost $17,000,000 Allocation for FY 1997 1,000,000 Allocation Requested for FY 1998 2,000,000 Balance to complete after FY 1998 6,000,000 JUSTIFICATION: The Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA) contains data gathering, reporting, consultation, and permitting provisions that have near-term and long-term implications for Civil Works programs and projects. A Mandatory Center of Expertise (MCX), located at the St. Louis District, has been established to provide overall management of the Corps NAGPRA programs and will serve as an information source and a centralized base for curation compliance and contracting. The MCX will. facilitate the assurance of consistnt nationwide program implementation and operation. MCX efforts will affect on-the-ground activities in more than thirty states. In addition, the Corps is responsible for the curation of a large volume of cultural resource materials collected from its flood control projects. Curation of these materials, the largest volume of all federal agencies responsible for this activity, is required by a number of public laws. BACKGROUND: Enacted on 16 November 1990, NAGPRA is a complex piece of legislation that addresses the recovery, treatment, and repatriation of Native American and Native Hawaiian cultural items by Federal agencies and museums. As defined by the Act, cultural items are human remains, associated funerary objects, unassociated funerary objects, sacred objects, and objects of cultural patrimony. In FY 1994, the Corps of Engineers began the process of inventorying human remains and associated funerary objects and completing summaries as mandated by the legislation. In addition, the Corps has been responsible for curation of cultural resource materials collected from its flood control projects. These collections are extensive and are located at a variety of curation facilities across the nation. The costs are to accomplish NAGPRA work and to fund MCX support to the districts. Long term curation costs have not been determined at this point. The MCX, in providing NAGPRA inventories, will assist in establishing the extent of Corps holdings. Following the completion of NAGPRA, the MCX will be in a position to effectively manage the Corps curation efforts. • ~ ~ 6 FEB i99i 123 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY 1998 MAJOR FEATURES IN THE FY 1998 PROGRAM: The MCX and certain Corps field offices will continue the process of inventorying Native American and Native Hawaiian human remains and associated funerary objects and complete summaries of unassociated funerary objects, sacred objects, and objects of cultural patrimony as mandated by the legislation. Information will be made available to interested individuals and groups through notices in the Federal Register and an MCX website, and will continue to engage in formal consultation with tribes and organizations for the legislated purpose of repatriating cultural objects for which there are legitimate claims. 6 FEB i93i APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY 1998 2. FLOOD CONTROL. a. Reservoirs. National Dam Safety Program SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA Contir•·~ing Program Annual Cost $20,000 Allocations for FY 1997 20,000 Allocation requested for FY 1998 20,000 JUSTIFICATION: Dams in the United States must be constructed, operated, and maintained in accordance with sound engineering practices to prevent failure and avoid potential loss of life and destruction of property. BACKGROUND: The National Dam Safety Program Act (Public Law 92-367 as amended) designates the Director, Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) as lead agency in efforts to enhance national dam safety. The National Dam Safety Program is coordinated through the Interagency Committee of Dam Safety (ICODS) . The Chief, Engineering Division, Directorate of Civil Works, represents the Department of Defense as a member of ICODS. The Corps of Engineers and FEMA signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) for the purpose of establishing responsibilities for management and administration assistance in the implementation of the National Darn Safety Program. The MOU was entered into pursuant to the Economy in Government Act, 31 U.S.C. 1535. A principal objective is to provide for allocation of Corps funding to FEMA for ICODS on a programmatic rather than project-specific basis to enable development of a more systematic approach to effecting national darn safety. FEMA, acting through ICODS, will provide support in development of federal guidelines for darn safety, promotion of public awareness programs, publications, training materials and workshops. 1.25 _6 FEB i987 I APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY 1998 2. FLOOD CONTROL. a. Reservoirs. Natural Resources Technical Support (NRTS) SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA Estimated Annual Cost for •..:ontinuing Program $ 900,000 Allocations for FY 1996 (From Available Funds) 0 Allocation for FY 1997 (From Available Funds) 540,000 Allocation Requested for FY 1998 900,000 AUTHORIZATION: This program is conducted under the general authority of PL 78-534, the Flood Control Act of 1944 (58 Stat. 887). JUSTIFICATION: The recreation program generates over $34 million dollars in revenue annually. The NRTS program supports the efficiencies of this program for the customers (the public) . NRTS provides rapid, short-term technical research assistance tp achieve operational efficiencies for the recreation program and provides operational support for the interagency national campground reservation service. The technical support provided is only for problems of national significance. Water resources projects reimburse the Waterways Experiment Station for local technical support. MAJOR FEATURES: 1. National Recreation Reservation Service(NRRS). In coordination with the USDA Forest Service and the Department of Interior, the Corps will contract for a toll-free campground reservation service. Funds from NRTS will be used to develop, operate and support the Corps portion of the NRRS. 2. Problems of National Significance. As an alternative to long-term research, NRTS will provide short term solutions to problems of national significance. Project specific problems will not be a part of NRTS. 3. Technology Support and Maintenance. NRTS will provide the support and improvements needed to maintain, update and operate the Automated User Permit System (AUPS) . AUPS is the program used in the field to assist in the collecting of over $34 million dollars in recreation user fee revenues per year. The Visitor Estimation and Reporting System is also maintained through NRTS. 1.26 :s FEB 1997 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY 1998 4. Technology Transfer. As an alternative to publishing technical reports, technology will be transferred in a format useable to the manager in day to day operations and provide for better recreation at Corps parks. NRTS will assist with the development and printing of this support. BACKGROUND: NRTS has been in operation since 1987 and has provided the Corps with valuable solutions to a variety of problems. The development of the National Recreation Reservation Service was funded under NRTS in Fiscal Year 1997 and will be operational in FY 1998. Recreation customer satisfaction surveys were developed under NRTS and results provided in FY 1997 will assist the Corps in measuring performance. The Automated User Permit System was developed under NRTS to automate fee collection and reporting pr~cedures and has saved millions of dollars and provides control for the collection of fees. The Visitor Estimatiqn and Reporting System was developed under NRTS and provides visitation data necessary for making effective management decisions. .._6 FEB 1997 1.27 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY 1998 2. FLOOD CONTROL. a. Reservoirs. Water Operations Technica1 Support (WOTS) Program SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA: Estimated Annual Cost for Continuing Program $850,000 Allocation for FY 1996 $1,600,000 Allocation request for FY 1998 $850,000 JUSTIFICATION: Maintaining the environmental and water quality conditions at 540 reservoirs, hundreds of miles of ancillary waterway projects and thousands of miles of rivers impacted by the operation of Corps projects requires compliance with numerous statutes and state standards. Providing the technology and knowledge base necessary to address the general non project specific environmental and water quality needs of project operations can best be accomplished through a comprehensive centralized program that will maximize cost effectiveness and ensure broad dissemination, and implementation of technology and information. MAJOR FEATURES: The WOTS Program provides effective environmental and water quality engineering technology to address a wide range of water resource management problems that can be applied throughout the Corps system of reseryoir and waterway projects and in the river systems affected by project operations nation wide. The WOTS'Program provides technology to address problems occurring from the presence of Zebra Mussels as they relate to water quality issues at Corps projects and other non-indigenous species, tailwater fisheries at pump-back hydropower projects, water quality impacts of shoreline erosion and reservoir sedimentation, and dozens of other project operations related environmental and water quality issues. OTHER INFORMATION: The WOTS Program provides technical support to Corps mission related project responsibilities. The program performs two basic functions: (1) Development of technology: The program will develop tools, techniques, applications and guidance to address problems that occur at many projects, such as operational approaches to minimizing the impacts of hydro modification, techniques to improve tialwater dissolved oxygen, operational techniques to improve fisheries, rapid environmental assessment techniques and development of technical documentation for evaluation and assessment of environmental and water quality problems. These issues and many like issues are not project specific but affect many projects and are appropriately addressed by the WOTS Program. The tools and techniques developed by the WOTS program receive the widest distribution in the Corps and throughout the water management community in this country and abroad. -- S FEB 1997 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY 1998 (2) Technology Application: Products of the WOTS program are demonstrated and publicized through field demonstrations at Corps projects, specialty workshops, publication of information exchange bulletins, technical notes, executive notes, technical reports, miscellaneous papers, instruction reports, videos, meetings, seminars, briefings at field offices, and congressional testimony. ACCOMPLISHMENTS: Since its inception in FY 1985, WOTS has provided environmental and water quality technological solutions to over 800 problems identified at projects from every Corps District. Based on the increasing demand for solutions to environmental and water quality related problems at Corps projects it is anticipated that more than 100 requests will be received in FY 1998 for technical assistance. The WOTS Program coordinates with water quality and environmental elements of other Federal agencies such as the Tennessee Valley Authority, Bureau of Reclamation, Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Bonneville Power Association assuring the widest application of products, eliminating overlapping efforts, and leveraging resources to achieve the maximum productivity for the limited resources available. WOTS ensures that the technologies developed under EWQOS, WQRP, ZMRP, and other Federal agencies are current and readily available to all Corps field offices. =6 FEB 1997 129 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY 1998 4. PROTECTION OF NAVIGATION Dredging Data and Lock Performance Monitoring System SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA: Estimated Annual Cost for Continuing Program $735,000 Allocation Requested for FY 1997 $480,000 Allocation Request~d for FY 1998 $735,000 AUTHORIZATION: These efforts are necessary to provide data for efficient management of Congressionally authorized navigation projects, as well as to respond to specific public laws, including P.L. 96-269 (Minimum Dredge Fleet) and P.L. 100-656 (Small Business Set-Aside). JUSTIFICATION: (1) Dredging Data: Collection of dredging data is a continual ongoing process to support the National Dredging Program. Ongoing tasks include multi-year analysis of dredging costs for previous, current and future Fiscal Years. Funding also support the operation and maintenance of the Dredging Information System (DIS) which contains dredging data on all Corps performed and contracted dredging ot. Federal projects. The DIS data includes advertising schedules, contract award and completion data (actual quantities dredged, cost, disposal areas, type dredge used, etc.). Dredging Information System data is updated monthly and disseminated via the World Wide Web. The Dredging Statistics Program, which manages the DIS, has been successful in rapidly addressing all dredging data requests from Corps and other customers. These funds include appropriate software and hardware upgrades, user assistance and training, and implementation of program performance measures. Within the scope of OMBIL, the database will be evaluated and prepared for successful linkage to other Navigation Data Center and OMBIL databases. (2) Lock Performance Monitoring System (LPMS): The Lock Performance Monitoring System provides operational and strategic management data and performance measures for the Corps navigation projects and program. The funds cover teleprocessing services for full LPMS service remote batch, interactive timesharing, and network services for the Corps nationwide program on the CEAP program. This also includes funding for lock characteristics, decision support system and project data base development. :130 -6 FEB 1997 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY 1998 (3) Future National Dredging and Port Requirements: Continuation of an analysis of current and future needs initiated under Section 402 of WRDA 92. The analysis was previously funded by General Investigation (GI), however, that effort is complete. Continuation of the National Dredging Needs database, 1 developed under the Section 402 study effort, is required to maintain the database, annually update and analyze vessel routing, fleet composition and forecasts, and waterborne commerce data. FUNDING PROFILE FY 1997 FY 1998 (1) Dredging Data & Statistics $315,000 $320,000 (2) Lo~k Performance Monitoring System $165, 000 $165,000 (3) Future National Dredging and Port Requirements _Q $250,000 TOTAL $480,000 $735,000 :13:1 =6 FEB 1997 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY 1998 4. PROTECTION OF NAVIGATION (Four Items) SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA: Allocation for FY 1996 $3,750,000 Allocation for FY 1997 $4,550,000 Allocation Requcated for FY 1998 ~3,150,000 JUSTIFICATION: The budget estimate of $4,550,000 provides for carrying out the following work: a. Protection, Clearing, and Straightening of Channels Section 3 of the 1945 River and Harbor Act (as amended by Section 915(g) of the 1986 Water Resources Development Act) provides continuing authority for limited emergency clearing of navigation channels not specifically authorized by Congress. A limit per project is not specified; however, in any given year, a maximum of $1,000,000 may be used nationwide. Work pursuant to this authority is undertaken as emergency measures to clear or remove unreasonable obstructions to navigation in navigable portions of rivers, harbors and other waterways of the U.S., or tributaries thereof, in order to provide existing traffic with immediate and significant benefit. The amount requested is an estimate based on historical experience. If actual requirements are more than estimated, funds will be reprogrammed to meet demonstrated needs. b. Removal of Sunken Vessels Remova\l of sunken vessels, or other similar obstructions, is governed by Sections 15, 19, and 20 of the River and.Harbor Act of 1899, as amended. Primary responsibility for removal belongs to the owner, operator, or lessee. If the obstruction is a hazard to navigation and removal is not undertaken promptly and diligently, the Corps may obtain a court judgement requiring removal, or remove the wreck and seek reimbursement for the full cost of removal and disposal. Determinations of hazards to navigation and Federal marking and removal actions are coordinated with the Coast Guard in accordance with a memorandum of understanding between the two agencies dated 16 October 1985. Removal procedures are outlined in 33 CFR 245. If removal requirements are more than estimated, funds will be reprogrammed to meet actual needs. c. Waterborne Commerce Statistics The Corps of Engineers serves as the Nation's sole source collection and distribution agent for 1.32 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY 1998 domestic waterborne commerce statistics in conformance with the River and Harbor Act of 1922 and the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (PL 99-662). Activities supporting this mission include: (1) collecting and reporting of statistical data; (2) processing, compiling, and annually publishing statistical data and information on waterborne commerce and vessels moving on the inland waterways, the Great Lakes, and through all U.S. ocean ports; (3) compiling and publishing of an annual report listing and describing all United States vessels engaged in commerce, along with the principle trades in which they are engaged and their zones of operation. These data provide the information necessary for accurate benefit-cost analyses to determine new navigation project feasibility and to establish funding priorities for the operation and n::..lintenance of existing projects. d. Harbor Maintenance Fee Data Collection Public Law 103-182 authorizes up to $5 million to be used annually for the administration of the Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund. Whereas the majority of this will be needed by the U.S. Customs Sservice, the Corps is required to collect data on domestic shippers of waterborne commerce which is subject to the Harbor Maintenance Fee (HMF). It is estimated that $600,000 will be needed in FY 1998 to develop a system to collect and validate domestic shipper information required by the Customs Service for auditing domestic HMF collections. After initial development is completed in FY 1998, it is estimated that the annual cost to process the shipper information will be $275,000. The World Trade Organization (WTO) (formerly the Gesneral Agreement on Tariff and Trade Organization) has accused the United States of not fully collecting the fees that are due from domestic shippers. This is confirmed, to a large extent, by the apparent shortfall of collections versus tonnage shipped. We must assure the WTO that every reasonable effort is being made by the U.S. to collect the HMF from domestic shippers, and dmonstrate an improvement in compliance. The U.S. Customs Service needs accurate and complete domestic shipper information for enforcing HMF compliance. FUNDING PROFILE: FY 1997 FY 1998 (a) Protecting, Clearing and Straightening Channels $50,000 $ 50,000 (b) Removal of Sunken Vessels and Obstructions 500,000 500,000 (c) Waterborne Commerce Statistics 4,000,000 4,000,000 (d) Harbor Maintenance Fee 0 600,000 TOTAL $4,550,000 $5 ,.150 I 000 1.33 _6- FEB 1997 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY 1998 5. NATIONAL EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PROGRAM (NEPP) AUTHORIZATION: Executive Orders 10480 and 12656 which cite several acts including PL 93-288, the basis for the Federal Response Plan. SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA: Allocation for FY 1997 $5,000,000 Allocation Requc~ted for FY 1998 $5,5C·J,000 Increase of FY 1998 over FY 1997 $ 500,000 Reason For Restoration: Increasing emphasis is currently being placed on anti-terrorism programs and catastrophic disaster planning. It is anticipated that this will continue for the foreseeable future. The scope of activities addressed by these initiatives and the intensity with which they are addressed may be increased over time. Corps of Engineer's responsibilities associated with this effort are supported through the National Emergency Preparedness Program (NEPP) appropriation. While the FY 1997 appropriation has enabled the agency to continue to make progress in the development of scenario-specific plans for catastrophic natural disasters. Additional funding is needed to support the activities of personnel who will be involved in anti-terrorism activities. The requested restoration of funds to the FY 96 level will enable the Corps to develop a baseline of support for this vital undertaking. JUSTIFICATION: The budget request will enable the Corps of Engineers to be prepared to accomplish its continuity of operations and continuity of government responsibilities during national/regional crises. This entails support of civil government through coordinated execution of federal agency plans and the planning/conducting of exercises to test readiness to provide such support. The cited executive directives assign significant responsibilities for such preparation (planning, training, research and testing) to the Corps of Engineers. This includes responsibility for 'development of comprehensive national level preparedness plans and guidance for response to all regional/national emergencies, whether caused by natural phenomena or acts of man, plans for response(s) to acts of terrorism, and the local preparedness necessary to support Corps continuity of operations. The Corps provides engineering and construction support to state and local governments in response to catastrophic natural/technological disasters. Rapid response to disasters of a regional/national magnitude requires that extensive pre-emergency planning and preparedness activities be conducted to assure the availability of a work force capable of shifting from routine missions to crisis operations and the organizational command and control structure(s) necessary to provide a coordinated and comprehensive response in the critical early stages of a catastrophic disaster. This program provides the activities necessary to prepare for response to catastrophic natural and i 1.34 :s FEB 1997 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY 1998 technological disasters requiring major Federal support of state and local governments overwhelmed by a disaster event, and for national level emergency water planning. The preparation requires the development of plans, training of employees, conducting of training exercises, including support to Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) exercises, and coordination within DOD and with other Federal agencies and state and local governments. Unlike the Corps' Civil Works programs related to individual project planning, development and operations and maintenance, the NEPP requires the development of an integrated command planning and response capability. Corps divisions have a key role in the planning, coordination and operational control of multi-district response(s) and the integrated preparedness effort required to accomplish this response. Preparation also includes the Headquarters sponsored Corps-'..ride programs necessary to provide the capabilities and operational command and control required by Corps field comman4s in order to accomplish their NEPP responsibilities, both routinely and in specific emergency response situations. ACCOMPLISHMENTS: National Emergency Preparedness Program funds provide support to two major national level civil planning areas: (a) support to the nation's ability to mobilize national assets to meet national/regional level emergencies ,and (b) support to continuity of government and continuity of operations during national emergencies. Activities include conducting studies and analyses which identify national support requirements; the development, coordination, review and updating of plans; development of operating guidance and procedures; training of personnel in emergency response skills and procedures; conducting exercises to test readiness; operating and maintaining emergency response command and control facilities and support systems; and providing program management for activities such as the Individual Mobilization Augmentee program, which the Corps has been able to utilize to support natural disaster response. FISCAL YEAR 1998: The FY 1998 program will provide for continuing significant changes to National Emergency Preparedness1 Program implementation. Lessons learned from events such as the Midwest Floods of 1993, Hurricanes Hugo, Andrew and Iniki, the Loma Prieta and Northridge earthquakes and the evolving New Madrid earthquake scenario, clearly indicate that the Federal Response Plan, while a solid system, does not contain enough detail to provide for a response to catastrophic disasters that is sufficiently timely or comprehensive. To overcome this, the Corps initiated a program that uses the deliberate planning process to develop scenario specific catastrophic disaster plans. This will result in more detailed planning and should provide for a more comprehensive response to national catastrophic disasters. More extensive coordination with Federal, state and local entities will be incorporated into plan development. A specific plan for response to an earthquake event in the New Madrid Earthquake Zone is currently being developed. Development of 10-14 additional plans will be initiated during FY 1998. Increased attention will also be placed on the response to acts of terrorism, with emphasis on nuclear, bio~ogical and chemical events. 1.35 _6 FEB 1997 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY 1998 MAJOR FEATURES IN THE FY 1998 PROGRAM: The FY 1998 program will continue the process of catastrophic disaster planning, initiated in FY 1994, to enable the Corps to rapidly respond to a broad spectrum of emergencies, with emphasis on natural/technological disaster events that have national implications; and on the USACE response(s) to acts of terrorism OTHER INFORMATION: The NEPP is complementary to the Flood Control and Coastal Emergencies (FCCE) appropriation. Although both programs are related to emergency situations, there is a distinct separation of responsibilities. The NEPP provides for the planning, training, and testing activities necessary to develop the cap~~ility to meet essential requirements associ~~ed with local continuity of operations and response(s) to scenario specific national/regional crises. The FCCE, on the other hand, provides preparedness and response related to emergency flood fighting,post-flood repair and restoration of flood and shore protection works damaged or destroyed by floods, hurricanes or wave action and Corps preparedness associated with Federal Response Plan mission requirements. 1.36 :s FEB 1997 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY 1998 6. PROJECT OPERATIONS SUPPORT PROGRAM Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program for Buildings and Lifelines SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA: Estimated Eight Year Program Cost (FY 1992-FY 1999) $6,137,000 Allocations Prior to FY 1997 1,807,000 Allocation for FY 1997 700,000 Allocation Requested for FY 1998 2,930,000 Balance to Complete after FY 1998 700,000 AUTHORIZATION: This program is being conducted under the authority of Public Law 101-614, November 1990, National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Re-authorization Act and individual project authorizations for maintaining safety of personnel and emergency response capability. JUSTIFICATION: The purpose of this program is to respond to the requirements of Public Law 101-614, National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) and Executive Order (EO) 12941, Seismic Safety of Existing Federal Buildings. The EO directs all Federal departments and agencies to develop by December 1, 1998, an inventory of their owned and leased buildings and an estimate of the cost ?f mitigating unacceptable seismic risks in their buildings. The objective of PL 101-614 is to establish and initiate for buildings and lifelines a systematic approach to reducing loss of life, injuries, and economic costs resulting from earthquakes in the United States. Lifelines are defined as public works and utility systems. STATUS OF IMPLEMENTATION: By the end of FY 1996 the following work will have been completed: (a) sei.smic screening of the buildings in 24 districts and two divisions located in areas of high and moderate seismic risk to determine which buildings will require a seismic evaluation, (b) development of seismic evaluation guidance for buildings and lifelines, (c) two seismic evaluation workshops for district personnel, (d) seismic evaluations of 20 buildings including one powerh9use, and (e) technical support to the districts in accomplishing the evaluations. During FY 1997 work is planned on the following: (a) seismic evaluation of 30 buildings including two powerhouses, (b) initiating seismic mitigation cost estimates for buildings, (c) initiating building inventory in the format required, (d) status of the seismic evaluations performed to date on Corps darns and appurtenant structures, (e) and guidance for the seismic evaluation and risk mitigation of lifeline facilities. FY 1998 PROGRAM: The funds requested will be used to complete the civil works building inventory, the necessary number of seismic evaluations of those buildings, and the cost estimate for mitigating 1.37 :s F'ES 1~~7 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY 1998 unacceptable seismic risks in those buildings by December 1, 1998, as required by EO 12941. _6- FEB 1997 1.38 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY t 998 6. PROJECT OPERATIONS SUPPORT PROGRAM Performance Based Budgeting Support Program SQMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA: Allocation for FY 1996 $ 0 Allocation for FY 1997 (From available funds) 220,000 Allocation Requested for FY 1998 415,000 AUTHORIZATION: Under basic project authority in conjunction with general authorities contained in various laws. JVSTIFICATION: The Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA) requires that the Corps implement performance based budgeting for the Civil Works Operations and Maintenance, General Program. The Performance Based Budgeting Support Program addresses this requirement by seeking new methods for linking performance to annual budget requests and for analyzing the potential economic impact of budget requests on customers. M&[QB. FEATURES: 1. QUADRANT Support System: Development of incremental economic analysis techniques for use in budget decision making. These techniques will provide information about the economic impacts of various levels of funding for specific O&M programs. In FY 1998, techniques will be developed for the recreation, environmental stewardship and flood damage reduction business processes. 2. Operation and Maintenance Performance Measurements: Development of performance measurements to be incorporated into the budget decision making process. FY 1998 efforts will center on developing budget decision support tools that will show anticipated performance and output at different levels of funding. ACCOMPLISHMENTS: Specific program accomplishments are as follows: 1. QUADRANT - The first Quadrant module, NAV-QUAD has become a routine part of the budget submittal for certain districts and Major Subordinate Commands (MSC) . NAV-QUAD is an important tool that provides economic information for prioritizing annual non-routine maintenance at commercial navigation locks in order to optimize the effective use of limited resources. The net benefit value produced through the use of NAV-QUAD is used to help justify and prioritize the various work items in formulating the Corps O&M budget 139 6 FEB 1937 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY 1998 and to quantify impacts due to any increases or reductions in the recommended funding level. 2. Operation and Maintenance Performance Measurement Program - Revision of finance and accounting cost codes so that they align with the five O&M business processes - navigation, hydropower, flood damage reduction, recreation and environmental stewardship. The program will develop a series of performance measures at different orgainzational levels for both budgetary requests and actual expenses which will help refine project outputs. These measurements provide an analytical basis to make adjustments in priorities at the program level and at projects concerning efficiency of facilities or services. Comparison of measurements between projects at all levels will help focus management attention on corrections of program or project deficiencies. The measurements also allow accountability through information links between management actions and outputs. 140 :s FEB 19S7 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Operation and Maintenance, General -- FY 1998 6. PROJECT OPERATIONS SUPPORT PROGRAM Reliability Models Program for Major Rehabilitation SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA: Estimated annual Cost for Continuing Program $675,000 Allocation for FY 1996 $500,000 Allocation for FY 1997 $500,000 Allocation Requested for FY 1998 $675,000 JUSTIFICATION: The purpose of this program is to respond to yearly needs of Districts and Divisions which are preparing Major Rehabilitation reports for the upcoming fiscal year. The objective of the program is to provide reliability models for project features or components which are being considered for Major Rehabilitation, or to provide procedures to consider the impact of various chemical, environmental or physical processes in a reliability analysis. STATUS OF IMPLEMENTATION: Reliability models and other analytical tools have been provided in support of Major Rehabilitation reports on numerous navigation and hydropower projects. In addition, 11 rehabilitation workshops have been conducted in the last 5 years to provide assistance to the Dist~icts as they prepare their reports. These workshops offer guidance in conducting reliability and risk analyses, and provide the opportunity for interdisciplinary teams from the Districts to discuss their particular project with HQUSACE and other Districts personnel. A report is in the process of being prepared to show the progress of the preparation of reliability models in support of the FY 1996 rehabilitation reports and a similar report will be p'repared for the FY 1997 work. FY 1998 PROGRAM: The requested funds will be used to prepare reliability models and collect data for reliability analyses anticipated to be required by several Districts. Reliability models and/or data are anticipated to be needed for the following: Collection of data and performing tests on miter gates, Instrumentation of miter gates to determine performance modes and verify load cycles used in reliability analyses, development of final hazard function analysis procedures for specific reliability models, complete expert elicitation of typical lock and complete redundant miter gate model. Provide reliability analysis procedures for selected hydropower equipment. It is also anticipated that 3 rehabilitation workshops would be conducted. The makeup of these units may change due to the need of the Districts and Divisions. 1.41. _6- FEB 1937 REGULATORY PROGRAM APPROPRIATION TITLE: bgulatory Program, FY 1998 AUTHORIZATION: Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899, Sections 9, 10 and 13 Clean Water Act, Section 404 Marine Protection, Research and Sanctuaries Act, Section 103 SUMMARIZED FIN8NCI8L DAT8: Appropriation for Fiscal Year 1997 $101,000,000 Appropriation Requested for Fiscal Year 1998 $112, 000, 000 Increase in FY 1998 over FY 1997 $ 11, 000, 000 JYSTIFIGATION: Background. The Corps of Engineers has been regulating certain activities in the nation's waters since 1890. 'Most authority for administering the program has been given to the district and division commanders. National public awareness of wetlands and increasing state and Federal regulatory emphasis on wetlands continue to grow. In August 1993, the President proposed a new plan for improved management and protection of the nation's wetlands. Some aspects of the plan designed to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the program, have been implemented, but are requiring additional resources. T~e general permit program is the primary method of reducing the intensity of Federal regulation of minor activities and to eliminate duplication of effort with state and local government wherever possible. As resources allow, the corps works with state and local governments to develop mechanisms to allow greater responsibility for wetlands regulation by the states and locals. This is achieved primarily through programmatic general permits but also includes joint permit applications and processing procedures as well as work-sharing agreements. In addition, the Corps supports the Administrations's efforts to advocate assumption of Section 404 authority (in non-navigable waters) by states wherever states are able to implement approp~iate regulatory controls. Types of Activities Regulated. a. Construction and other work in navigable waters of the United States; b. Construction of fixed structures and artificial islands on the outer continental shelf; c. Discharges of dredged or fill material, including those associated with excavation and land-clearing activities, into the waters of the United states (including wetlands); d. The transportation of dredged material for the purpose of disposal in ocean waters. Evaluation Criteria. The decision whether to issue a permit is based on an evaluation of the probable impact of the proposed activity on the public interest. That decision reflects the national concern for both protection and utilization of important resources. In addition, for Section 404 permits, the Corps must determine compliance with the section 404 (b) (1) guidelines. 1.4~ -6 FEB i997 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Regulatory Program, l'1' 1998 ACCOMPLISHMENTS: In Fiscal Year 1996, the Corps authorized 77,000 activities. About 8,000 to 10,000 of them are authorized each year by individual permits with the rest authorized by regional or nationwide general permits. Although the evaluation process for an individual permit is typically greater than that for a general permit, many regional and nationwide authorizations involve substantive evaluation and determination of necessary mitigation by the Corps. Without regional and nationwide general permits, all activities would have to be intensively evaluated as individual permits. With new nationwide permits issued on December 13, 1996, the Corps is increasing the level of environmental protection as well as expanding its nationwide permit program with two new nationwide permits. Since late FY 1989 the Corps has been actively moving to ensure greater protection of the nation's wetlands while continuing to provide fair and equitable decisions in a reasonable period of time. Despite a 50 percent increase in the number of permit authorizations in the last four years, the Corps has been reducing its evaluation time for all permit actions each year. The Corps and the other Federal resource agencies are using the Corps 1987 wetlands delineation manual for identifying and delineating wetlands. The Corps is currently making more than 50,000 jurisdiction determinations a year, five times the number being made in the mid 1980's. Since August 1993 the corps has been regulating discharges associated with excavation activities which ensures more comprehensive protection for the nation's wetlands. Regulation of excavation activities has substantially increased workload in many districts. FISCAL YEAR 1998: The request of $112 million is an $11 million increase over the $101 million appropriated in each of fiscal years 1995, 1996 and 1997. This increase is necessary to continue implementation of responsibilities associated with the President's August 1993 wetlands Plan. About $5 million is required to fund the administrative appeals process for Corps permit decisions and jurisdiction determinations. The appeals program allows the public to challenge permit decisions and jurisdiction determinations without the need to enter the court system and it is a major component of the President's Wetlands Plan. The appeals process uses about 50 workyears and involves other costs such as increased travel and documentation. Appeals personnel are to be located in both district and division offices. Implementation requires issuance and adoption of final appeals regulations. Full funding for FY 1998 would allow the program to begin staffing, training and operation. Without specific funding, the appeals program cannot be implemented in its present configuration and must be modified to minimize impacts to productivity in other areas of the regulatory program. Adding an appeals program without this funding will substantially reduce service to the regulated public, increase the risk of adverse impacts to the aquatic environment, and increase the burdens on individual property owners. About $2.5 million of this increase will allow a labor intensive initiative to greatly increase state and local involvement in wetlands regulation. The primary aspect of this effort is the development of programmatic general permits whereby another government agency handles permitting responsibilities for specific activities in certain areas, thus greatly reducing Corps workload. Funds will also be used to develop special area management plans for sensitive geographic areas and watersheds. optimum implementation of this initiative in FY 1998 could reduce total regulatory program workload and costs by up to 10 percent within two years, as well as substantially reduce the regulatory burden on the public. · A total of $3 million is needed due to inflation. This will allow the program to preserve the current staffing level through FY 1998 so that performance can be maintained while implementing the appeals program and state-local regulatory initiatives. Funding for inflation is critical in this labor-intensive program which has been at the same funding level for three years. Overall performance is expected to decline in FY 1997 and could continue to decline in FY 1998 without the requested resources. 6 FEB 1997 143 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Regulatory Program, FY 1998 In addition, special efforts focusing on wetlands would be initiated, such as the Wetland Delineator Certification Program. This program, which was authorized in the Water Resources Development Act of 1990, would certify individuals as wetland delineators, thus improving the quality of jurisdictional determinations by private consultants and reducing the need for Corps resources to verify delineations in the future. The budget request includes $500,000 in start-up costs to fully implement this p~ogram. Other wetland efforts include local or regional wetlands studies, especially those intended to help expedite development of state wetlands programs, wetlands training of Corps personnel, and technical assistance to Corps districts from the Corps Waterways Experiment Station (WES). Generally, from $500,000 to $1 million is provided to WES for this assistance. Funds will also be used to pay for the review of environmental impact statements, an increasingly costly workload item, especially for larger projects. The $112 million will be applied as follows: Permit Evaluation $ 79,500,000 Enforcement $ 24,000,000 Appeals Process $ 5,ooo,ooo Studies & Wetlands Technical Support $ 1,800,000 Other Navigation Regulations $ 200,000 Environmental Impact Statements $ 1. 500. 000 TOTAL $112, 000, 000 '.1.44 6 FEB i997 FLOOD COi'ITROl ANu c.,,C.~ S~ :~"- ;:~'iEi1GCi~CiES APPROPRIATION TITLE: Flood Control and Coastal Emergencies (FCCE), FY 1998 Disaster Preparedness and Emergency Response SUMMARIES FINANCIAL DATA: Appropriation for FY 1997 $10,000,000 Appropriation Requested for FY 1998 $14,000,000 Increase in FY 1998 over FY 1997 $ 4,000,000 JUSTIFICATION: The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers continues to provide a le~dership role in response to natural disasters throughout the United States. In that regard, the Corps of Engineers must maintain a preparedness program to ensure that the Corps is ready to respond to the needs of the Nation. The $14 million requested for FY 1998 provides for the requirements of this program. The Corps responsibility for emergency/disaster response requires sustainment of a fully functional engineering/construction/emergency operations capability. This response can be under Corps authorities, such as P.L. 84-99, or in support of other agencies, particularly the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) under P.L. 93-288, as amended, The Stafford Act, and Executive Order No. 12148. Response activities under the Corps P.L. 84-99 authority include the following: preparedness activities; emergency operations (flood response and post flood response); emergency repair and restoration of flood control work which are threatened, damaged or destroyed by flood; emergency protection of existing Federal hurricane and shore protection works; the repair or restoration of Federal hurricane or shore protective structures damaged or destroyed by wind, wave or water action of other than ordinary nature; preventive work performed prior to flooding when conditions pose a flood threat to life or property; -providing emergency supplies of clean water to any locality confronted with a source of contaminated water causing or likely to cause a substantial threat to public health and welfare; and provision of water supplies to drought-distressed areas by well drilling on a reimbursable basis or transportation of water at Federal cost. In support of FEMA's disaster response and recovery activities (most of which are specified in the Federal,Response Plan), Corps mission assignments have included the following: emergency debris removal; preliminary damage assessments; detailed damage survey reports; temporary housing and life support; infrastructure restoration; emergency snow removal contracting; engineering services and construction management; and other support that calls upon the Corps engineering, contracting, and construction expertise. The request provides sufficient funding for normal disaster preparedness activities, emergency operations activities, and lab support. For each FCCE specific event, Headquarters augments its staff to manage the event through resource allocations (dollars and people) . In that regard, the logistics of moving people and materials, funding contractors and materials, and coordination with other agencies involved in the event is provided for. Included in these augmentation activities are overtime for Headquarters staff, travel to the disaster area, materials and supplies, increased staff from the field to include Individual Mobilization Augmentees (IMA), and Geographic Information System (GIS) Services to support disaster operations in the field. 6 FEB 1997 145 APPROPRIATION TITLE: Flood Control and Coastal Emergencies (FCCE), FY 1998 ACCOMPLISHMENTS: In just the past 18 months, the Corps has successfully responded to disasters such as Hurricanes Marilyn and Opal; the. Northwest Floods of 1995-1996; the Northeast Floods of 1996; and recent Hurricanes Bertha and Fran because it was prepared in advance. In addition, work continued on rehabilitation activities resulting from the Midwest Floods of 1993 and 1995 and from the Northeast/Northwest floods of 1995-1996. The planning and preparedness for "all hazards" response activities are funded under P.L. 84-99 authority in the category "Disaster Preparedness." The continued investment in these activities is to ensure an engineering organization capable of responding to both natural and manmade disasters to include catastrophic events of major proportions, such as an earthquake in the Central United States or California. Major efforts include: the review and updating of response plans based on lessons learned from recent disaster activities; training personnel to develop critical skills and hone their capability to respond in adverse circumstances; procurement and prepositioning of critical supplies and equipment (i.e., sandbags, pumps, etc.) which would likely not be available during initial stages of a response; periodic exercises to test and evaluate plans, personnel and training; inspection of non-Federal flood control projects to ensure their viability to provide flood protection and assess eligibility for post-flood rehabilitation; laboratory support for field operations; liaison with State and local governments and agencies; and the overall management of the response program to undertakes workable, coordinated efforts that meet the needs of the disaster victims. The funding identified under Activities in support of Others reflects expanded planning and coordination efforts to accomplish preparedness actions needed for Corps support to Federal response to all natural disasters. This includes earthquakes and other disasters under the umbrella of the Federal Response Plan. The Federal Response Plan is undergoing a restructuring that will increase the Corps of Engineers role in Infrastructure Recovery. Because of the vast experience in the infrastructure area, DOD has given the Corps the lead to support FEMA. The Federal Response Plan restructuring requirements will require additional coordination at the Federal (Interagency: 28 departments and agencies), State and local levels to jointly train and conduct exercises. Accomplishments in the area of Emergency Operations Activities and Rehabilitation reflect current and future requirements that occur routinely throughout the year. FISCAL YEAR 1998: The $14,000,000 requested for FY 1998 represents an effective program level for preparedness activities; maintenance of facilities and equipment; an aggressive levee inspection program; and continued response planning activities in supper~ of others, e.g., the Federal Response Plan. The FY 1998 request will provide for the following preparedness activities: ! Corps Statutory Authorities $ 9,300,000 Activities in support of Others $ 4,300,000 Facilities $ 300,000 Inspections $ 100,000 $14,000,000 ~· 6 F,..8t. 1997 1.46 GENERAL EXPENSES JVSTIFICATION OF ESTIMATES FOR CIVIL FQNCTIONS ACTIVITIES Department of the Army. Fiscal Year 1998 Co:t:i;>s of Engineers ($000) APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Expenses FY 1997 FY 1996 FY 1997 FY 1998 Change Appropri- Carryover Total Budget FY 1997- a.t.iQn Applied* Allocated Request FY J,998 1. Executive Direction and Management a. Office, Chief of Engineers Baselevel Operating Expenses $ 52,000 $1,000 $ 53,000 $ 52,500 Program Accounts 6,QQQ _Q_ 6,QQQ s.~oo Total $ 58,000 $1,000 $ 59,000 $ 57,900 $- 1,100 b. Major Subordinate Commands 69,330 3,670 73,000 68,225 Restructuring Funds S,QQQ** $ 73,225 + 225 2. Other Activities a. Coastal Engineering Research Board 315 0 315 315 0 b. Humphreys Engineer Center Support Activity 15,035 300 15,335 15,210 125 c. Water Resources Support Center 4,460 0 4,460 4,460 d. Engineering Strategic Studies Center 600 30 630 630 e. USACE Finance Center 1.~6Q Q 1,26Q J,,26Q SUBTOTAL: $149,000 $ 5,000 $154,000 $148,000 <- BUDGET REQUEST Supplemental Funding: S,QQQ** TOTAL FUNDING: $153,000 $- 1,000 *The FY 1997 appropriation was a reduction of $4 million below the budgeted level. However, implementation of the proposed Division Office Restructuring Plan, which would have reduced the number of divisions from the current 11 to 8 by the beginning of FY 1997, was delayed negating projected savings. As a result of postponing the division office restructuring, it was necessary to supplement the appropriated level with prior year carryover funds to offset unachieved labor savings and the impacts of inflation and pay increases. **The FY 1998 budget of $148 million was formulated based on the expectation of full implementation of the 8 division office structure being completed prior to FY 1998. The division offices will be subsidized during the transition to the 8 division structure with the funds set aside to support the restructuring effort. 1.47 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Expenses 1. Executive Direction and Management FY 1997 FY 1998 a. Office. Chief of Engineers (OCE) Allocation Request (1) Baselevel Operating Expenses: $53,000,000 $52,500,000 (2) Civil Program Accounts: 6.000.000 5.400.000 $59,000,000 $57,900,000 The Office, Chief of Engineers is responsible for carrying out a comprehensive Civil Works Program. This mission is decentralized across the Corps of Engineers in 36 districts, 8 restructured major subordinate commands (MSCs), and several field operating activities. The Office, Chief of Engineers assists field offices by providing policy formulation and oversight, national programs management, preparation of the annual budget and legislative submission, national and international interface, management of high interest or controversial projects or issues, resource analysis and distribution, oversight of execution, and performance measurement. The amount requested for the Office, Chief of Engineers for FY 1998 consists of two components: the baselevel operating expenses of $52,500,000; and the Civil Program Accounts amounting to $5,400,000. The baselevel expenses amount reflects a decrease of $500,000 from FY 1997. The Program Accounts are a result of the transition, initiated in FY 1993, to eliminate Centralized Accounts by FY 1996. The Centralized Accounts were disestablished and those activities appropriate for General Expenses funding were presented in the FY 1996 budget justification data. These items totaled $6,000,000 in FY 1997, and $5,400,000 is being requested for FY 1998. The activities funded in the Program Accounts are in four primary groups: Civil Works Automated Systems Maintenance, Civil Policy Guidance Update, Professional Development/Training, and Unique Mission Requirements, such as Readiness Functions and Alternative Dispute Resolution. The Corps downsizing efforts implemented from 1989 through 1998 reflect a reduction in executive direction and management staff of 29% overall compared to its field operating workforce reductions of 11%. These reductions have been accomplished primarily as a result of two initiatives in 1995 aimed at focusing on appropriate roles and missions and eliminating duplication of effort: the Headquarters Organizations and Functions Task Force, and the .J Division Office Organizational Task 'Force. These two actions resulted in significant role changes in the division offices and the headquarters. Policy review was centralized at the headquarters, reducing the levels of revi~w. Any technical review previously provided by the divisions or headquarters was discontinued and policy review was consolidated at the headquarters. From 1989 through 1998, these actions coupled with the Federal Workforce Restructuring Act savings have reduced the headquarters staffing by 25% and division staffing by 31%. The headquarters is also on target with meeting supervisory ratios and high grade reduction goals in the Corps Streamlining Plan. Improved program execution has been a command focus since FY 1996, which has resulted in a marked improvement over previous years in all major programs. Consistent with the Administration's goals and the Government Performance Results Act of 1993, we are developing results-oriented program performance measures to evaluate program execution in ~erms of intended program outcomes and customer satisfaction. FY 1998 funds will support continued implementation of the results oriented performance measures and the evaluation of program results. This will assure the achievement of the objectives of the Government Performance Results Act ...... __6 FEB i997 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Expenses 1. Executive Direction and Management {Continued) a. Office. Chief of Engineers {OCE) FY 1997 FY 1998 Allocation Request $59,000,000 $57,900,000 The breakout of decreased or increased costs for the Headquarters by category of expenses is shown below. Increase $ -570,000 - Personnel compensation and benefits. -116,000 Travel and transportation. -440,000 - ADP, training and other contractual services. 26.000 - Printing and reproduction, supplies and materials $-1,100,000 The FY 1998 budget reflects a further reduction of 2.3% in the headquarters GE staffing level, from 479 in FY 1997 to 468 in FY 1998. The $57,900,000 requested for expenses of the Office, Chief of Engineers, includes $45,560,000 for personnel compensation and benefits for civilian and military personnel, and $12,340,000 for other costs. The other costs include: $ 1,914,000 travel and transportation 1,026,000 reproduction and printing, supplies and equipment 9.400.000 ADP, training, and other contractual services $12,340,000 1.49 ·~ Ff!.8 1997 APPROPRIATION TITLE: General Expenses 1. Executive Direction and Management (Continued} b. Major Subordinate Commands FY 1997 FY 1998 Allocation Request $73,000,000 $73,225,000 Major subordinate commands (MSC} provide the managerial and technical direction required for supervision of subordinate district offices and coordination of regional activities necessary to execute the Civil Works Program. The Executive Direction and Management activities are decentralized to 8 restructured MSCs throughout the United States. The Division offices have undergone a two-year implementation effort to accomplish the standard Division offices staffing structure as recommended by the Division Office Organizational Task Force Report approved by the Secretary of the Army in March 1995. The Task Force recommended a minimum average staffing level of approximately 104 full-time equivalent(FTE} workyears to provide oversight of both civil and military missions of their subordinate districts. Of the 104 FTE average, approximately 76 supported Civil functions. This effort was completed in FY 1996, saving 138 FTE. In addition, division and district offices located in the same geographical area have looked at consolidation and collocation where feasible to effect space and synergy savings from the collocation. The South Pacific Division has completed its collocation with the San Francisco District in FY 1996, and the Southwestern Division and the North Atlantic Division have submitted collocation proposals for FY 1997 and FY 1998, respectively. Approval of these collocations is contingent upon a positive economic analysis and funding availability to resource expenses of relocating offices and personnel. In addition to these consolidation and restructuring efforts, the Energy and Water Development Appropriations Act for 1997 (Public Law 104-206) directed the Secretary of the Army to submit a plan that would reduce the number of division offices from 11 to no fewer than six and no more than eight, with each division supervising at least four districts, but without changing the functions of the districts. The Assistant Secretary of the Army (Civil Works} proposed a plan that would reduce the number of divisions to eight, realign geographical boundaries along watersheds, and realign some districts among the remaining divisions. This plan has been approved by the Secretary of the Army. Upon approval by the Congress, the division restructuring plan will begin implementation in FY 1997 and continue through FY 1998. Costs of implementation and transition to the most efficient internal structure after implementation will be supported with funds set aside for restructuring. In addition to these activities, the Corps of Engineers Financial Management System (CEFMS} is being deployed in four of the current division offices in FY 1998, resulting in additional training and equipment upgrade costs, and some increased travel. The FY 1998 budget reflects only standard inflation of payroll costs, other costs, and costs. associated with CEFMS implementation. Changes from the prior year's budget follow: 150 _6 FEB 1997 JPRIATION TITLE: General Expenses 1. Executive Direction and Management (Continued) b. Major Subordinate Commands $ -105,000 Personnel compensation and benefits 100,000 Rent, utilities, and communications 25,000 Printing and reproduction, supplies and materials1 60,000 Travel and transportation 145.000 ADP, training, and other contractual services and equipment purchases $ 225,000 The FY 1998 budget reflects a further reduction of 2.1% in the MSC staffing level, from 654 in FY 1997 to 640 in FY 1998. The $73,225,000 requested includes $53,015,000 for personnel compensation and benefits for civilian and military personnel, and $20,210,000 for other costs. Other costs include: $ 5,000,000 rent, communications, and utilities 4,090,000 travel and transportation 1,525,000 printing and reproduction, supplies and equipment ~L 5~5 I QQQ ADP, training, and other contractual services $ 20,210,000 151 6 FEB 1997 AP Pt .IATION TITLE: General Expenses 2. Other Activities FY 1997 FY 1998 Allocation Request $22,000,000 $21,875,000 Other activities include: the Coastal Engineering Research Board (CERB) which provides broad policy guidance, reviews plans and funds requirements for conducting coastal engineering research and development, recommends research project priorities, and performs other duties assigned by the Chief of Engineers; the Humphreys Engineer Center Support Activity (HECSA) which provides administrative support to Corps tenants of the Humphreys Engineer Center and to Corps headquarters; the Engineering Strategic Studies Center (ESSC) which provides analytical support for the Civil Works mission; the Water Resources Support Center (WRSC) which provides a variety of water management functions such as conducting and managing national studies, special studies in support of the Civil Works mission, data collection and distribution, and technical support to other Corps offices in matters dealing with water resource management; and the US Army Cou;is of Engineers Finance Center which was established in 1996 in Memphis, TN, to begin the centralization of finance and accounting activities Corps-wide. As part of the Administration's continuing initiatives to consolidate and centralize service functions, the operating human resources staff and the finance and accounting staff assigned to HECSA were further reduced in FY 1998 as a result of the Human Resources Regionalization efforts and the centralization of the USACE Finance Center {UFC) in Memphis, Tennessee. These reductions are reflected in the reduced staffing levels in achieving the Federal Workforce Restructuring Act reductions. The amount requested for these activities for FY 1998 is $21,875,000, which is an decrease of $125,000 from the FY 1997 allocation of $22,000,000. $ -475,000 - Personnel compensation and benefits. 335,000 - Rent, utilities, and communications. - 20,000 - travel and transportation of goods. - 45,000 - reproduction and printing, supplies and equipment. 80.000 - ADP, training, and other contractual services. $ -125,oqo Federal Workforce Restructuring Act savings coupled with the continuing initiatives to consolidate and centralize service functions have further reduced the FY 1998 staffing for Other Activities from 157 in FY 1997 to 149 in FY 1998, or 5.1%. Breakdown of the total $21,875,000 request for the remaining activities includes $8,925,000 for personnel compensation and benefits for civilian and military personnel and $12,950,000 for other costs. The other costs include: $ 5,665,000 rent, communications, and utilities {includes HQ payments also) 290,000 travel and transportation of goods 885,000 reproduction and printing, supplies and equipment 6, 110, 000 ADP, training, and other contractual services $12,950,000 __ 6 FEB 1997 1.52 F.EVO~Vl;"4G FUND APPROPRIATION TITLE: REVOLVING FUND - PLANT REPLACEMENT AND IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM (PRIP) I 1. Explanation of Revolving Fund. The Revolving Fund, which was established by Congress in 1953 (Public Law 153, 83rd congress - 67 Stat. 199), replaced the Plant Allotment Account authorized by the Secretary of War, on 13 December 1934, which had in turn replaced the Plant Program - Appropriation Basis which was in use prior to 1934. The two systems, prior to the establishment of the Revolving Fund, did not prove to be successful, because the accounting procedures necessitated by the systems were cumbersome and resulted in a distorted picture of costs when plant was transferred from one appropriation to another. Essentially, PL 153 provided that the Revolving Fund assume the total capital value of $127.9 million in 1953, consisting of the unexpended cash balance ($25.3 million) and the net value ($102.6 million) of the assets and liabilities of the plant accounts; and to perform all future services, as a separate entity, within its own resources. The Plant Replacement and Improvement Program of the Revolving Fund, or PRIP, has proven to be an effective means of providing equipment and materials needed on more than one project. Some advantages of the system are: (1) Simplifies funding and accounting procedures; (2) Provides a means for plant rental which considers plant replacement costs; (3) Eliminates distorted project costs when plant is not used entirely on a single project throughout its economic life; and (4) Permits plant to be available on a timely basis to meet changing workload requirements. The concept of the Revolving Fund is for it to operate within its own resources, rather than from annual appropriations. The Fund owns all the land, structures, dredges, other floating plant, aircraft, fixed and mobile land plant, tools, office, furniture, special equipment, and computers, that serve two or more Civil Works projects. In order for the Revolving Fund to acquire and replace the above items, it is necessary that the user project or appropriation be charged a fee for the actual time the equipment is used. This fee consists of operating and fixed costs. The operating costs are reimbursed to the Revolving Fund without any surcharge. The fixed or capitalized costs include depreciation, based on the straight-line method and a plant replacement increment factor to provide for future increased costs of replacement items due to inflation. Two additional sources of income to the Revolving Fund are the sale of surplus items and, when planned expenditures exceed the income producing capability of the Fund, direct 1.53 · :..:._ 6 FEB 1997 appropriations. For FY 1996, total income was $99,225,000. The income from depreciation and plant increment was $65,310,000 and $31,039,000 respectively. The remaining $2,876,000 was from the sale of surplus equipment. When the Revolving Fund was established, Congress authorized a capital limitation or ceiling (Corpus) of $140.0 million for the Fund. The capital value or corpus is the total assets, less liabilities and reserves. The $140.0 million ceiling was adequate until 1965, when increased workload and inflation required that the Corps of Engineers request annual increases in the corpus ceiling. These requests were generally granted. The limitations on the corpus ceiling value limited the income that could be generated from plant rentals which, in turn, adversely affected the overall management of the Fund. Therefore, the Corps recommended that an annual capital expenditure ceiling be substituted for the corpus ceiling. Congress granted the request in FY 1979. Starting with FY 1985, expenditures ceilings were replaced by estimates of expenditures. Starting in FY 1994, the Corps replaced the estimate of expenditures by an estimate of obligations. This was done in accordance with recommendations of the General Accounting Off ice concerning the Corps change to obligations accounting within the Revolving Fund. New obligations in FY 1998 are estimated at $90,000,000. 2. The Revolving Fund is operated in the Divisions, Districts, and s~parate Field Offices, the Waterways Experiment Station, and the Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory. The fund incurs the expenses of acquisition, rehabilitation, operations, and maintenance of multiple use structures, such as warehouses, shops, garages, and laboratories; the expenses of acquisition, rehabilitation, operations, and maintenance of general-purpose plant, such as dredges, tugs, launches, trucks, cranes, bulldozers, and other construction equipment; and the general expenses of District offices. 3. FY 1997 and FY 1998 (Items costing $700,000 or more) a. Land and Structures: (1) Fort Mifflin Replacement Warehouse - Philadelphia District (New): In April of 1994, the Fort Mifflin Warehouse Building No.4 and its contents were destroyed by fire. Warehouse Building No. 4 was a storage facility for spare parts and emergency operations support items. Since the damaged building, which was completely razed, was essential to District operations and maintenance services, a replacement warehouse/file-storage 6 FEB 1997 :154- building is required. The proposed replacement facility will be a prefabricated metal structure constructed on the existing 16,000 sq.ft. concrete foundation which has been found structurally sound and did not sustain any damage as a result of the fire. In addition, a file storage area of approximately 5,000 sq. ft. has been identified and will be used to alleviate the high storage costs ($140,000/year) currently incurred because leased space is used. An area of approximately 600 square feet for the storage of flammable materials has also been identified to comply with safety and fire prevention requirements. The current water supply cannot provide adequate fire protection for the present occupancy of the Fort Mifflin Project Office (FMPO) and the Distribution Center (FMDC). The warehouse replacement project includes installation of a new 10-inch (minimum) water main to FMPO/FMDC and will provide a clean, reliable and virtually maintenance-free water supply for automatic sprinkler systems. The existing main access road to the FMDC/FMPO facilities routes traffic past Olde Fort Mifflin. The warehouse replacement project also includes construction of an access road and fencing to alleviate the safety concerns regarding school buses; the presence of children crossing the existing entrance to Olde Fort Mifflin; and to prevent unauthorized persons, or thieves from wandering onto the FMPO/FMDC facilities. Total Estimated Cost: $2,500,000. Through FY 1997: $250,000 to initiate and complete design. FY 1998: $1,250,000 to initiate construction. FY 1999: $1,000,000 to complete construction. (2) Alaska District HeadQuarters Building Addition - Alaska District (New): A 17,100 square foot addition is requested to replace inadequate office space in buildings housing Real Estate and Regulatory personnel. Real Estate personnel are located in a building owned by Elmendorf AFB, about a mile and a half away from the main headquarters building, which they have indicated that we must vacate by FY 1999. Regulatory personnel are located in a warehouse building adjacent to the main headquarters building which was converted for use as office space. The main headquarters building was constructed in the late 1940's by the Air Force but has been owned and occupied by the Corps ever since. It was completely renovated in the late 1980's using PRIP funds. The Alaska District looked at a number of options for more satisfactorily meeting its space requirements, including, leasing an additional 17,700 from GSA, leasing sufficient space to accommodate the entire district from GSA, and constructing a new facility using space available on an installation in the Anchorage area. Of these alternatives the lease costly was the recommended alternative of ·constructing an addition. The alternative of leasing the additional 17,700 space from GSA, in addition to being more costly, had the further disadvantage of requiring that the personnel assigned to the leased space would be 4 or 5 miles distant from the main building because such leased space would be located in ..... 6 FEB 1997 1.55 downtown Anchorage rather than in the vicinity of Elmendorf AFB. Total estimated cost: $4,949,300. Through FY 1997: $222,300 to initiate and complete design. FY 1998, $2,500,000 to initiate construction. FY 1999: $2,227,QOO to complete construction. (3) ·Replacement Directional Spectral Wave Generator - Waterways Experiment Station (New) : The existing Directional Spectral Wave Generator was acquired in 1983 and is rapidly deteriorating due to corrosion, wear and/or failure of multiple components. In addition, obsolescence of critical design and control features are also being experienced. By 1998, the existing wave generator is expected to be non-functional leaving the Corps without an essential piece of equipment necessary to perform mission-related studies. Current studies of breakwater stability, coastal erosion studies, navigation and harbor studies, inlet studies and coastal environmental studies conclusively indicate that directional waves are essential to optimum design. Laboratory studies are necessary to advance numerical modeling by understanding and reproducing computational procedures. The advent of larger more powerful computers cannot be fully exploited without a better understanding of the physics that only laboratory investigations can provide. Unless a directional spectral wave generator capability continues to be available at the Waterways Experiment Station, the ability of the Coastal Engineering Research Center (CERC) to support the Corps' coastal studies and numerical modeling development will be severely limited. Total Estimated Cost: $2,350,000. Through FY 1997: $100,000 to initiate and complete design. FY 1998: $1,125,000 to initiate construction. FY 1999 $1,125,000 to complete cons,_truction. (4) Hazardous Waste Research Center - Waterways Experiment Station (Continuing): An addition is required to expand existing 10,000 sq. ft. facility to 18,000 sq. ft. Present facility is undersized and was constructed prior to the development of modern instrumentation and sophisticated pilot treatment equipment. The additions and betterments include improved research lab areas, centralized waste handling facilities, and four high hazard pilot studies areas. Presently high hazard treatment evaluations cannot be done in existing labs or anywhere else within the Corps. This restriction severely limits our ability to support some of the Corps highest priority construction and operations projects, which may include dioxin contaminated soils/sediments. In the absence of an expanded facility, research that will contribute to significant cost savings and cos~ avoidance will not be conducted because there are no other research facilities capable of performing the critical studies. An economic analysis was conducted on three scenarios, including status quo, leasing, and construction of a new facility, with the new facility providing a savings to investment ratio of 20.6 over the investment period and a 156 6 FEB 1997 net present value from 2.5 to 10 times smaller than the other two alternatives considered. Total estimated cost: $1,980,000. Through FY 1997: $1,035,000. FY 1998: $945,000 to complete construction. (5) Analytical Laboratory Facility - Waterways Experiment Station (Continuing) . Beginning in 1972, the Analytical Laboratory at WES provided water quality analysis in support of the Corps environmental quality, wastewater management, and dredged material research programs. Since then, demand for analytical chemistry and methods research has expanded significantly, especially the demands for high hazard research (i.e., dioxins and dibenzofurans) for construction and operations projects. The existing 8000 square foot , facility is undersized and not equipped to support an expanding Corps environmental mission. Present facilities necessitate the transportation of samples between buildings which increases the probability of spills and contamination problems. Also there is potential for non-compliance with safety and environmental requirements for disposal of samples. A new analytical chemistry facility is needed with the capability for accuracies in the parts per quadrillion with separate ventilation systems and a "clean room" operation and with segregated waste stream collection, handling and pretreatment prior to disposal. These capabilities are required for health and regulatory risk-based hazard assessments. The proposed facilities will provide 20,000 square feet of space with a state-of-the-art analytical chemistry laboratory, modern organic and inorganic analysis laboratories, high hazard (dioxin, radiation, and chemical agent) laboratories, quality control laboratory, and will eliminate current logistics hazard of sample transfer between buildings and allow for disposal of samples with methods in compliance with safety and environmental requirements. An economic analysis was conducted on three scenarios, in_cluding status quo, leasing, and construction of a new facility, with the new facility providing a savings to investment ratio of 4.74 and a discounted pay back period of 6.5 years. No Corps, and few commercial, facilities exist to perform methods development research and analysis of dioxin, radiation and other extremely hazardous and toxic materials. Without these facilities, the Corps' cost of doing business for environmental related missions will escalate. Similar impacts, i.e. increased costs, can be expected for any analysis requiring "clean room" facilities , radiation analysis and chemical agent research. Also, if construction is delayed significantly, timely environmental and high hazard remediation assessments will be hindered. Total estimated cost: $6,500,000. Through FY 1997: $3,045,000 to complete design and initiate construction. FY 1998: $3,455,000 to complete construction. (6) Renovation - Division Laboratory - San Francisco District (Continuing): The _6 FEB 1997 157 South Pacific Division operates a multi-purpose laboratory for soils, rock mechanics, geologic, concrete and materials, water quality and environmental testing. This laboratory was transferred from South Pacific Division in 1996. The laboratory conducts sophisticated and essential testing operations in a primitive wood frame shipyard facility constructed during World War II. In its current state the building violates numerous building and life safety codes. The dilapidated state of the structure compromises quality control of many environmental tests conducted at the laboratory. The renovation will eliminate safety violations in the areas of dust control, excessive noise, electrical system overloads, fire exits, and asbestos hazards. The replacement of the roof, siding, and windows and the installation of insulation will reduce energy usage in the laboratory as well as building maintenance costs. Because of the magnitude of renovation required, the Division analyzed other options including relocation and new construction. Renovation of the current laboratory facility was found to be the least costly alternative for correcting the difficulties. Total estimated cost: $3,921,000. Through FY 1997: $3,536,000. FY 1998: $175,000 to continue design and construction. FY 1999: $180,000 to complete design and construction. b. Dredges - None c. Other Floating Plant: (1) Ouarterboats 6381 and 6008 Replacement - Vicksburg District (New): Quarterboats 6008 and 6381 were constructed in 1963 and 1960 respectively, and have reached the end of their useful lives. Neither vessel meets U.S. Coast Guard standards for housing personnel. In addition to the recommended option of replacing both boats with a single larger vessel, several options were considered, including, rehabilitating one or both of the existing boats, leasing quarterboats, and utilizing hotel/motels in the vicinity of work sites to house personnel. The most expensive alternatives were leasing and utilizing hotels/motels in the vicinity of the work sites. In addition, quarterboats for lease are not readily available and at some sites commute distances to motels/hotels would be as much as 80-90 miles. The alternative of rehabilitating the existing quarterboats was less costly than new construction, however, it would extend their economic life only by 20 years, while a new vessel would have a life of 40 years. For this reason, because the NPV differential between the two alternatives, analyzed over 20 years, was not great, the alternative of constructing a single new vessel is recommended. Total estimated cost: $10,214,000. Through FY 1997: $551,000 to initiate and complete design. FY 1998: $200,·000 to initiate construction. Future years: $9,463,000 to complete construction. 158 _6 FEB 1997 (2) Fuel Oil Barge 407 Replacement - St. Louis (New). A replacement 84,000 gallon diesel fuel barge in support of the Dredge POTTER is required to meet the requirements of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 (OPA-90). OPA-90 requires that all fuel barges in use in 2002 be double-hulled. The existing barge 407 was constructed in 1934 and replated in 1969. It is again in need of replating and may not pass the next U.S. Coast Guard inspection. An economic comparison of the alternatives of either continuing to operate and maintain the barge 407 versus. constructing a new barge shows a savings of approximately $200,000 over the life of the new vessel. Total estimated cost: $663,000. FY 1997: $15,000 for design. FY 1998: $300,000 to initiate construction. FY 1999: $346,000 to. complete construction. (3) Dragline/Crane for Crane Barge 1 Replacement - St. Louis (New). A new dragline/crane is required to replace the existing dragline/crane which is 21 years old. All major components on the crane are original and are expected to begin failing in the near future. Gears are worn and the drive engine is consuming an excessive amount of fuel. The crane is used with Crane Barge No. 1 at the locks and dams on the Mississippi River for repair work such as placing stone in scour areas, replacing worn out machinery, assisting in miter gate changes, and drift removal at locks and dams and the Service Base. Often this repair work is performed under emergency conditions requirtng a quick response. The crane is also used at the Service Base for repair work on miter gate locks, . the Dredge POTTER and attendant plant, and other floating plant. The economic analysis shows that a new dragline/crane would save 30% annually over the cost of operating and maintaining the existing crane. Total estimated cost: $900,000. FY 1997: $10,000 for design. FY 1998: $890,000 to initiate and complete construction. · (4) Crane Barge 7 Replacement - Rock Island District (New) : The existing crane barge consists of a crawler crane, mounted on a. spud barge. The unit is used for structural repairs on the Illinois Waterway. The barge was originally designed as a 34' x 104' x 8' deck cargo barge and was constructed in 1959. This existing barge has reached the end of it's useful life and is no longer economical repairable. The width of this spud barge makes it an unstable platform for a lift crane. Recent evaluations indicate the crane barge combination in it's current configuration is operating at reduced safety and efficiency. The existing 150 ton crane will be mounted on the replacement spud barge, because it was purchased in 1988 and is fully operational with many years of useful life remaining. The replacement crane barge will be designed and constructed utilizing an _6- FEB i997 1.59. . ' existing concept currently being developed by Marine Design Center. This unit, when constructed and delivered, will be continue to be used in direct support of the Illinois Waterway project to perform structural repairs to locks and dams, strike removal, and maintenance of channel regulating structures. Total Estimated Cost: $3,425,000. Through FY 1997: $5,000 to initiate modifications to standard Corps design. FY 1998: $3,220,000 to complete design and initiate construction. FY 1999: $200,000 to complete construction. (5) Crane Barge 8 Replacement - Rock Island District(Newl: The existing crane barge consists of a crawler crane, mounted on a spud barge. The unit is used for structural repairs on the Illinois Waterway. The barge was originally designed as a 34' x 104' x 8' deck cargo barge, constructed in 1959 and is identical to Crane Barge 7. The barge has reached the end of it's useful life and it is therefore no longer economical to repair. The width of the existing .barge makes this an unstable platform for a lift crane. Evaluations indicate the crane barge combination is operating at reduced safety and efficiency. The existing 150 ton crane will be mounted the new spud barge, because it was purchased in 1988 and is fully operational with many years of useful life remaining. The crane barge will use the standard design presently being developed by Marine Design Center. This unit will be used in direct support of the Illinois Waterway project for work similar to work being performed by Crane Barge 7 Replacement. Total Estimated Cost: $3,425,000. Through FY 1997: $5,000 to initiate modifications to stan9ard Corps design. FY 1998: $3,220,000 tb complete design and initiate construction. FY 1999: $200,000 to complete construction (6) Office Barge Replacement - Rock Island District (New): The existing District Office Barge was fabricated in 1966 by utilizing a deck cargo barge built in the 1940s, pouring a lightweight concrete slab on the deck, and erecting a prefabricated metal pole building on the concrete slab. The existing office barge is in poor condition, with numerous hull leaks. The metal on the hull is suffering metal fatigue, and it has a short life expectancy. This office barge is used as a combination office/locker room/galley for the District Mississippi River structural repair crew. It is used twelve months per year in all weather conditions. In addition, it is proposed to make the new office barge larger which will result in the elimination of a second, smaller office barge. This will consolidate all personnel assigned to the section on one barge, reducing both the fleet size and winter.heating requirements. The replacement barge design dimensions replicate existing barge dimensions so that the new off ice barge can be easily ~ccommodated in tow with other barges. This replacement office barge will provide safe and efficient office space, locker room, galley or break area for the thirty person crew of the Mississippi 6 FEB 1997 1.60 River project. Total Estimated Cost: $2,324,000. Through FY 1997: $51,500 to initiate design. FY 1998: $2,172,500 to complete design and initiate construction. FY 1999, $100,000 to complete construction. (7) Replacement Derrickboat - Pittsburgh District (New): The existing Pittsburgh District heavy-lift floating crane MONALLO II is a 145-ton marine revolver type crane. The vessel is used in support of major maintenance and repair activities for the twenty-three (23) navigation structures on the Ohio, Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers, channel maintenance of 327 miles of navigable rivers and emergency response situations. Since delivery of the existing derrickboat in 1954, construction of new navigation projects in the Pittsburgh District with larger, heavier components has out-paced the capacity of this floating crane. The District currently and historically performs 4 to 5 lock chamber unwaterings per year. During these scheduled unwaterings, the miter gates are lifted, removed and repaired as necessary. In addition to utilizing the vessel for project maintenance, the District also maintains an emergency response capability to restore navigation in the event of natural disaster or man-made disasters such as barge break aways and collisions. The Derrickboat MONALLO II is currently 42 years old and spare parts for the vessel and its machinery are increasing difficult to locate and repairs increasingly more expensive. Acquisition of a replacement vessel with greater capacity will provide the capabilities required to safely and efficiently perform the operations and maintenance mission of the District. Total Estimated Cost: $8,760,000. Through FY 1997: $260,000 to initiate and complete design. FY 1998: $2,500,000 to initiate construction. Future years: $6,000,000 to complete construction. (8) Replacement Towboat - Louisville District (New). The Louisville District's existing towboat, the Motor Vessel PERSON, which was constructed in 1970, is powered only with a total of 1050 horsepower. With this limited amount of horsepower, the vessel is no longer adequate to safely transport the repair fleet. The repair fleet has grown with receipt of a new derrick boat in 1975, a new shop boat in 1981, and a new power barge in 1986. These additional pieces of equipment were added to efficiently work on the highlift locks and dams on the Ohio River. With the increased size of the Louisville Repair Station (LRS) fleet and the acquisition of the new gate lifter, Motor Vessel PERSON will not be able to safely transport the fleet during periods of high water or inclement weather. The feasibility of repowering the existing Motor Vessel PERSON was studied, however, the findings indicated that the hull dimensions were not large enough nor did it possess the structural integrity to accommodate a significant increase in horsepower. The proposed 4000 horsepower towboat will be used by the Louisville District to transport the --6 I FEB 1997 161 repair fleet on the Ohio and Green Rivers. Total Estimated Cost: $8,230,000. Through FY 1997: $530,000 to initiate and complete design. FY 1998: $7,700,000 to initiate and complete construction. (9) Towboat GRAND TOWER Replacement - St. Louis District (Continuing): The existing vessel GRAND TOWER is a twin-screw diesel-powered towboat constructed in 1970. The GRAND TOWER is 24 years old and has reached the end of its useful service life. Hull integrity is marginal due to thin plating. Diesel engines are 10 years old and will require major overhaul within the next 3-5 years. The GRAND TOWER is used for a variety of towing work in the St. Louis District. It is used to tow a crane barge to locks on the Mississippi River for use in miter gate pulls, removal of drift and repair of gate operating machinery. The existing vessel is also used during repair work to switch floating plant such as the Derrickboat SEWELL, Spare Miter Gate Barge and Crane Barge Number 1. As the fleet service boat, the GRAND TOWER is' used to switch boats and barges at the Service Base Fleet into position for repair work, arrival, departure and material handling. At times, the GRAND TOWER is the only vessel available at the Service Base to respond to distress situations such as man overboard, loose barges from upstream, and retrieval of Corps floating plant which sometimes breaks loose. Total estimated cost: $1,701,000. Through FY 1997: $1,519,000 to complete design and to initiate construction. FY 1998: $182,000 to complete construction. (10) Fuel Oil Barge 4315 Replacement - Vicksburg District (Continuing): A replacement 336,000 gallon fuel oil barge in support of revetment functions on the Mississippi River and Tributaries (MR&T) projects is required to meet the requirements of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 (OPA-90). OPA-90 requires that all fuel barges in use in 2002 be double-hulled. The existing Corps owned fuel barges are 35 years old and nearing the end of their useful life. Retrofitting these barges with double hulls would require a complete replacement of the hull plate, bilge knuckles, side and rake plates, hedgelogs and deck plates. This option is not economically feasible. The Vicksburg Mat Sinking Section uses approximately 1,000,000 gallons of fuel in a 3 month period. This fuel is consumed on project locations from Cairo, Illinois to Venice, Louisiana (945 miles). Towboats and revetment plant are constantly moving from one location to another between these two points. The proposed acquisition of a replacement fuel barge will meet OPA-90 requirements, satisfy fuel needs and ensure the timely delivery of fuel to sustain mat sinking operations. Total estimated cost: $1,050,000. Through FY 1997: . $550,000 to FY 1998: $500,000 to complete construction. __ 6 FEB 1997 162 (11) Tug PALMYRA and Launch PAULSBORO Replacement - Philadelphia District (Continuing): This proposed project will replace both the PALMYRA (constructed in 1953) and the PAULSBORO (constructed in 1968) with one modern, twin screw, 400 HP, 45 foot, steel hulled motor launch/tugboat. The new vessel will work with the larger Tugboat PILOT (which has also been proposed for replacement) and will be utilized in conjunction with the Crane Barge TITAN in installing and maintaining submerged pipeline for dredging operations in the Delaware River and Chesapeake and Delaware Canal. Due to their age, both the PALMYRA and. PAULSBORO require frequent maintenance and their repair parts are difficult to acquire. Both vessels are single screw which provides limited maneuverability. The twin screw replacement vessel will have an enhanced capability to. maneuver the TITAN, other work barges and pipeline rapidly and safely. The replacement vessel will also be capable of transporting crew and equipment to and from work sites within the district. The estimated annual savings of replacing rather than continuing to maintain the PALMYRA and PAULSBORO are more than $50,000. Total estimated cost: $1,130,000. Through FY 1997: $632,000,000 to initiate construction. FY 1998: $498,000 to complete construction. (12) Tender KANKAKEE Replacement - Rock Island District (Continuing): The KANKAKEE is a twin screw towboat built in 1948. It is used on the Illinois Waterway to move the maintenance fleet between work sites and as a switchboat at work site~. The existing Tender KANKAKEE is fully depreciated and has reached the end of its useful service life. Not replacing the boat soon will require either (a) a series of repair/replacements to hull, engines and transmission costing over $300,000 or (b) deadlining the boat and leasing another boat, if one can be found. At best the repairs would extend the life of the'boat only ten to fifteen years before other major components would need replacement or overhaul. The design for the Tender KANKAKEE is scheduled to be used for the replacement of the Tender MONMOUTH. Our economic analysis indicates that annual costs of leasing are approximately $120,000 more than annual costs of acquiring a replacement tender. In fact, the cost of leasing exceeds the cost of ownership after only seven years. Total estimated cost: $3,639,600. Through FY 1997: $3,484,600 to complete design and to initiate construction. FY 1998: $100,000 to continue construction. Future Years: $55,000 to complete construction. (13) Tender MONMOUTH Replacement - Rock Island District (Continuing): The MONMOUTH is a twin screw towboat built in 1943. It is used by the Mississippi River Structures Maintenance Section as a switchboat at work sites. The existing Tender MONMOUTH is fully depreciated, has reached the end of its useful service life, and is too small to meet -- 6 FEB 1997 J.63 mission requirements effectively .. The hull has been repaired twice already and another repair will be needed soon to keep it operational. At best, the repair would extend the life of the boat ten years before other major components would need replacement or overhaul. Major repairs are not economical. Deadlining the existing boat, leasing another boat, if one can be found, or replacement are the options. Our economic analysis indicates that annual costs of leasing are approximately $120,000 more than annual costs of acquiring a replacement tender. In fact, the cost of leasing exceed the cost of ownership after only seven years. Total estimated cost: $3,646,600. Through FY 1997: $3,491,600 to complete design and to initiate construction. FY 1998: $100,000 to continue construction. Future Years: $55,000 to complete construction. (14) Crane Barge 763 Replacement - Rock Island District (Continuing): Crane Barge 763 consists of a crawler crane mounted on a spud barge which is used on the Mississippi River for maintenance and repair of wing dams, closure dams, and other dock structures; repair of lock and dam spillways, overflow sections, and non-overflow sections; strike removal; and miscellaneous channel improvements. The barge, which was built in 1955, was surplused because it was determined to be structurally unsound. Currently, the district is using a rental unit, but its availability beyond the end of the current contract period is unlikely because the owner has indicated that he intends to use the barge himself. Our economic analysis indicates that acquisition of a replacement barge would save almost $10,000 annually over the cost of leasing, if a barge could be leased at the current low lease rate. Total estimated cost: $1,816,000. Through FY 1997: $816,000 to initiate construction. FY 1998: $1,000,000 to complete construction. (15) Crane Barge No. 1 Replacement - St. Louis District (Continuing): Crane Barge No. 1 with Crawler Crane/Dragline is used at the locks and dams on the Mississippi River for repair work such as placing stone in scour areas, replacing worn out machinery, and assisting in miter gate changes. Often this repair work is performed under emergency conditions requiring a quick response. The barge/crane unit is also used at the Service Base for repair work on lock miter gates, the Dredge POTTER and attendant plant, and other floating plant. The crane barge is towed by the towboat GRAND TOWER to work locations. Other work involves drift removal at the locks and dams and the Service Base. The existing barge is 37 years old and the dragline/crane is 20 years old. The original hull plating on the barge is thin due to its age and wear and tear from years of use around the locks and dams. All major components on the crane are original and failure can be expected at any time. Gears are heavily worn and the engine is consuming an excessive amount of oil. Continued need exists for the barge/crane unit. A standard design crane _6 FEB 1997 .1.64 barge has been developed by the Marine Design Center for use in several Districts. It is planned to use this vessel indefinitely. An hourly rental rate of $130.00 has been calculated for the use of this new vessel. The rental rate for the existing vessel is $115/hour, but the new vessel will have increased capacity for lifting operations which will increase its efficiency. The economic analysis shows that acquisition of a new barge will save $607,000 over the life of the new barge when compared with the costs of operating and maintaining the existing vessel for a similar period of time, given its age and deteriorated condition. Total estimated cost: $2,000,000. Through FY 1997: $595,000 to complete design and initiate construction. FY 1998: $1,395,000 to continue construction. Future Years: $10,000 to complete construction. (16) Towboat Replacement - Little Rock District (Continuing) : A replacement towboat is essential for timely response in emergency situations, to increase number of days of maintenance, to operate during periods of high river flows, and to reduce Industrial Delay Cost. The existing towboat PINE BLUFF is a twin screw boat built in 1970 prior to the opening of the Kerr-McClellen Arkansas River Navigation System and is powered with two 230 horsepower diesel engines. Experience has shown this vessel to be greatly undersized and underpowered to cope with the high river flows and to meet the assigned mission in a safe manner. The Litt'.le Rock District has little or no ability to meet emergency situations or to reduce potential damage resulting from marine accidents and flood conditions. The proposed replacement towboat would have rated engine capacity of approximately 1800 horsepower, which would allow operations during times of high flows when most maintenance problems and emergency conditions occur. This would reduce the number of potential nonproductive days from 103 to 12 per year. Based on an economic life of 30 years for the replacement vessel and an annual interest rate of 8.25%, the Benefit to Cost Ratio is 1.81 to 1.0. This replacement is expected to save $1,014,700 in non productive time, $491,800 in reduced per diem cost, $4,235,600 in industry delay costs, and $85,000 in costs to rehabilitate the present vessel. Total estimated cost: $3,240,000. Through FY 1997: $2,390,000. FY 1998: $850,000 to complete design and construction. (17) Gate Lifter Crane (Derrickboat) - Louisville District (Continuing): The Ohio River and its tributaries provide over 2500 miles of navigable channel. About 240 million short-tons in 1990 were moved by barge traffic on the Ohio. The system includes 60 navigation lock and dam facilities which range in age from 10 to 150 year. Since 1960, system-wide tonnage has more than doubled. This increased usage also results in increasing maintenance needs, closure costs have become higher and disruption to lock ~6 FEB 1997 1.65 users is becoming more significant. Presently, repair and maintenance can typically involve replacement of miter and quion contact blocks, replacement of pintles and gate painting. The whole process to allow this involves dewatering the chamber, jacking the gate "in-place" with temporary structural support, doing the repairs or maintenance 11 in the-dry11, and then realignment of the whole gate to within 1/8 inch tolerances. This is tedious and time-consuming. Currently, doing both ends of the lock totals 35-42 days which involves trimming all time to the bare minimum using specialized equipment. Only marginal further reductions in overall closure time are possible using the current process. Navigation accidents can potentially require complete replacement of gate leaves. Presently, no spares are available and a new gate takes 3-6 months to fabricate. Fourteen options were considered. The selected option changes the whole process. It involves swapping gates and then doing gate work away from the lock chamber. To implement this change, each lock requires the following: purchase of one pair of spare gate leaves; design and construction of storage and work areas for spare gates; design and modification of miter and quion contact blocks and wall quion contact blocks to quicken repairs and alignments; modification of existing gates to allow lifting by cranes; and, modification of the existing gate anchorages to allow faster gate removal. To actually swap the gates, Louisville District will purchase a 700 ton barge-mounted gate-lifter crane to be shared by all locks on the Ohio River or elsewhere as needed. For scheduled major repairs, the closure time savings per lock per event will be 20 to 25 days with the new process. An economic model computed system wide transportation savings from implementation of the selected option. The costs include the crane and all modifications for the gate-change out capability at the locks. The net benefits are about $13 million annually for a 50 year project life. The benefit/cost ratio is 4.0. A crane with the versatility and capacity needed cannot be rented. The crane will be purchased by a competitive proposal process with a design/build contract. This should allow crane manufacturers to propose standard equipment meeting our specifications. Particular emphasis is placed on compatibility with the unique features of the structures served during its 50 year life. To insure this, a team of experienced personnel will develop performance and evaluation criteria. Over 25% of the design effort was complete by the end of FY 1994. Total estimated cost: $14,821,900. Through FY 1997: $14,676,900 for design and to initiate construction. FY 1998: $135,000 to continue construction. FY 1999: $10,000 to complete construction. d. Fixed Land Plant: _6 FEB 1997 1b6 (1) Document Imaging - Corpswide (Continuing): The Corps has conducted a pilot test to evaluate the feasibility of using the latest commercially available technologies to provide Corps offices greater access, storage and retrieval capabilities; develop appropriate policies, standards, and procedures; and determine the most cost-effective solution compatible with the Corps of Engineers Automation Plan (CEAP) architecture. The integration of optical disk and imaging (ODI) technologies allows documents, engineering drawings, photographs, real estate maps, etc., to be digitized, stored, and retrieved simultaneously by multiple individuals. This information can be shared locally within a district on local area networks and eventually, Corps-wide via the CEAP network. The benefits are increased productivity due to the savings from ready access to documents and other digitized material, and reduced space requirements due to a reduction in paper storage. Based on pilot test results, the Corps estimates a 5% increase in productivity and a 5% reduction in physical storage space. Space reductions alone, from eliminating file cabinets, could save up to $15 million over five years if this technology were implemented Corps-wide. In addition, document creation time will be reduced because documents and drawings which are stored electronically can be revised to meet future requirements. The implementation of ODI will also provide less quantifiable benefits such as improved decision-making and more responsive service to external customers because information is available in seconds or minutes rather than hours, days or weeks. The projected cost-benefit ratio is greater than 1:2. The Corps plans to, conduct a prototype test at its St. Paul District to validate its implementation strategy and the productivity and space saV;ings used in its economic analysis. Total estimated hardware and software investment cost: $12,500,000. Through FY 1997: $2,000,000 for a pilot test and to begin hardware and software acquisitions. FY 1998: $2,500,000 for continued hardware and software acquisitions. Future Years: $8,000,000. (2) Operations and Maintenance Business Information Link (OMBIL) - Corpswide (Continuing) : Based on the findings of a recent policy and procedures study conducted by the Corps, efficiency and effectiveness measures were identified to assure a justified level of operations and maintenance services could be provided at the least possible cost. These improvements are consistent with and support the objectives of the National Performance Review (NPR) . These new measures will serve to simplify and clarify the budget process, streamline bureaucracy, reduce internal regulations, enhance customer satisfaction and more accurately measure performance. This initiative for Operations and Maintenance (O&M) Program Improvements was accepted as a pilot project under the auspices of the Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA) . To achieve the program objectives pf.decentralized decision making and performance measurement, accurate data must be easily 6 FEB 1997 1.67 and readily accessible at all levels of the Corps and in particular, the Project Manager level. The O&M policy and procedures study found that existing legacy data systems were not readily accessible, tied together or standardized. A critical factor in achieving the O&M program improvement initiative and supporting the intent of the NPR and GPRA is the linking and standardization of existing data bases. When performance measurement is combined with detailed project data and the product is made available to project managers, the resultant service achieves the desired standardization and Corp-wide level of service is justified. This accomplishment is achieved by interfacing and linking existing data systems with commercial off-the-shelf software (COTS) to provide project managers a single point of access for performance measurements, project management data and program execution. This proposed system will be utilized in direct support of the Corps Civil Works Operations and Maintenance Program and will inevitably encompass all O&M projects and program managers. Total estimated cost: $4,500,000. Through FY 1997: $1,600,000 to complete concept exploration and definition, validation, and to initiate development. FY 1998: $2,000,000 to complete development and initiate deployment. FY 1999: $900,000 to complete deployment. (3) Water Control Data Systems (WCDS) Software Development - Corpswide (Continuing) : This software modernization effort 1involves the development of a standardized suite of software which all Corp activities will use to monitor, manage and op~rate the Corps water control facilities nationwide. This modernized UNIX driven, workstation based automated information system will utilize the Corps standard database management system, ORACLE, and the Corps of Engineers Automation Plan (CEAP) network for moving data and information within the Corps. This modernization will greatly improve the Corps ability to perform its basic water management mission including water control decision making by improving hydrologic forecasting and making water control data universally available to all Corps users and Corps customers. These improvements will increase all project benefits (flood control, water supply, navigation, irrigation, hydropower, water quality, and recreation). In addition, this effort will save local software development costs, running in the neighbor hood of $1 million annually. This effort is being managed in accordance with the requirements of the Army's Life Cycle Management of Information Systems (LCMIS) program. The projected Corps-wide benefit to cost ratio is well in excess of unity; a complete economic analysis will be included as part of LCMIS milestone I/II review and approval process. Total estimated software investment cost: $5,250,000. Through FY 1997: $1,500,000. FY 1998 Requirement: $1,250,000. Future Years: $2,500,000. (4) Communications Upgrade and Replacement Program (Continuing) : This grouped item -- 6 F'E8 1997 1.68 request has been presented since FY 1985 to indicate the overall Corps' telecommunications infrastructure capital investment annual requirements. There is no single item with costs in excess of $700,000. The Corps of Engineers Civil Works telecommunications resources include a wide variety of communications systems, such as satellite, high frequency single side band radio, communications servers, and private branch exchange systems --all supporting specific communication functions for specific Corps projects and programs. These systems include fixed, floating plant, and vehicular stations which operate in the high frequency (HF) band for long haul communications; the ultra high frequency (UHF) band for fixed station, mobile and vessel communications for point-to-point communications; and, the microwave band for multichannel radio relay communication. A large percentage. of these systems/networks have remained operational up to this point in time through the incremental replacement of components within the systems. In addition, the relocation of Corps activities into and within many GSA operated facilities has generated requirements for replacement of existing telephone systems. To insure continuity and the continuing operational capability of these systems, acquisition of replacement systems with the appropriate composition, design, and capacity is continuing. Through FY 1997: $49,500,000. FY 1998 Requirement: $1,250,000. (5) Global Positioning Systems - Corpswide (Continuing): This is a grouped item request being presented to indicate overall Global Positioning System, (GPS) equipment requirements. There are no single costs in excess of $700,000 .. Existing geodetic surveying and microwave electronic positioning/navigation systems (e.g., range-range, range-azimuth) are more expensive to purchase and operate than equivalent GPS systems. In addition, many of the older survey systems are currently in need of replacement or are reaching a point where the increased costs of maintenance and repair cannot be justified. GPS systems are employed in functional areas that require surveying, mapping, and collection of geospatial data for Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Computer-Aided Drafting and Design (CADD) systems, and Automated Mapping/Facility Management (AM/FM) systems. These systems directly support engineering, operations (dredging and hydrographic surveying), planning, real estate, and regulatory functions. The acquisition of GPS equipment will prove a significant improvement in accomplishing the Corps Civil Works mission. GPS equipment and systems incur less operational cost than older systems and navigation project surveys can be accomplished in less time. Savings in personnel and time required for survey operations are estimated at 25% per job. Since the Corps spends $40 million each year on hydrographic surveys in support of dredging alone, it is conservatively estimated that the Corps will save more than $10 million per year from the use_ of GPS equipment to accomplish its surveying and mapping requirements. Total 6 FEB 1997 estimated cost: $9,000,000. Through FY 1997: $5,000,000 for acquisition. FY 1998: $1,000,000 for continuing acquisitions. Future Years: $3,000,000 for acquisitions. (6) Information Systems Modernization Program (ISMP) - Corpswide (Continuing): The ISMP looks at all major software systems used in the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers with the goals of reducing data collection, verification and processing costs; reducing systems design, development and maintenance costs; and improving the accuracy, completeness, availability, timeliness and usefulness of information for operational users and decision makers, at all levels and across all functional USACE boundaries. To meet these goals, the Corps redesigns the systems which do not meet current information needs, eliminates. redundant and/or unnecessary systems, combines systems with similar functions, and integrates all systems to minimize duplicate data entry and maximize data sharing. The ISMP draws on the knowledge and experience of functional users and the expertise of information management specialists to provide USACE with a new information systems infrastructure that will support the mission of the Corps well into the next century and is consistent with hardware and communications capabilities of the Corps of Engineers Automation Plan (CEAP) . (a) Corps of Engineers Financial Management System (CEFMS) . CEFMS is an advanced interactive, real-time, direct data entry, relational database financial management system, which is at the heart of the ISMP. In addition to virtually eliminating duplicate data entry an.d streamlining data validation, it will be a primary source of data for all other modernized systems. The Corps estimates that CEFMS will pay for itself approximately two and a quarter times over its 10 year life, primarily as a result of workforce savings due to direct data entry, the reduction of duplicate data entry, validation of data at the entry point, and on-line real-time query capability. Total estimated cost: $00. Through FY 1994: $25,010,000 of centralized account and PRIP funding. FY 1995: $7,780,000. FY 1996: $6,429,000 to complete systems development and initiate deployment Corps-wide, subject to Army Major Automated Information Systems Review Council approval. FY 97: $4,571,000 for continuation of deployment. FY 98: $1,963,000 for completion of deployment. (7) Water Control Data Systems (WCDS) (Continuing): Equipment acquired under this category is used to collect, process, analyze, and display hydrologic data for the regulation of water resource projects consistent with authorized project purposes including hydropower generation, navigation and flood control. The data collected is used ~o make daily regulatory decisions for retention and discharge flow rates for more than 1.70 ---6 FEB 1937 · 500 water resource projects that include lakes, locks, diversion, and other control structures. The process of collecting, evaluating, and distributing data must be accomplished in a timely manner to effectively support authorized projects effectively. Equipment acquired under this category includes dedicated WCDS computers, measuring devices and telecommunications facilities, display devices, standby power supply facilities, and weather data acquisition equipment. A modernization of the WCDS was initiated in FY 1992. The total estimated cost of this replacement program is $12,400,000. Through FY 1997: $9,225,600. FY 1998 Requirement: $886,000. Future Years: $2,219,000. (8) Computer-Aided Design and Drafting Equipment (CADD) (Continuing): Due to the increasing role of CADD and continual improvements in hardware and software, CADD cannot be considered a one time c~pital investment. It requires timely upgrades and replacements of obsolete and outdated equipment. This includes hardware and software necessary for preparation of engineering drawings, project master plans, topographic data, etc., on projects such as dams, reservoirs, coastal and flood protection, and navigation structures. CADD Systems may include from 1 to 16 work stations, linked to a central mini-computer, complete with keyboard, digitizing tablet, and video display. Printers, plotters, and other peripherals may be shared between work stations. A Corps-wide contract for acquisition of CADD equipment was awarded in September 19.87~ By FY 1990, 36 Corps Field Offices will have purchased CADD systems through the contract. Corps-wide acquisition of CADD maximizes economies of scale benefits. CADD systems in the engineering and construction industry are evolving at an ever-increasing rate. Presently a cost effective to9l for producing contract documents, the trend in CADD is to make drafting a, by-product of the design process. Utilizing database technology, CADD is fast becoming a' viable method of tracking project features from the planning stage into design and construction, and on through operation and renovation. The use of CADD linked to a project database is an important move towards a life-cycle approach to project management. With manpower levels unlikely to improve and a wide variety of new requirements being placed upon us, computer systems must increase employee productivity. Computer aided design and drafting provides an average manpower efficiency ratio of 3.5 to 1 and a benefit to cost ratio of 1.3 to 1. With advancements in design and database software, this benefit ratio will improve. Total estimated capital acquisition cost: $55,900,000. Through FY 1996: $45,940,000. FY 1998 Requirement: $2,500,000. Future Years: $7,500,000. (9) Corps of Engineers Automation Plan (CEAP) (Continuing): The capital acquisition _ 6 FEB 19;)7 171. portion of CEAP was created to replace the Corps mainframe computing hardware consisting of leased Honeywells at the division level and Corps owned Harris computers at the district level. The Corps awarded a contract to the Control Data Systems, Inc. in October 1989 for hardware/software acquisition and support services. The contract was structured for maximum flexibility, not committing the Corps beyond the first year but providing the Corps with 10 annual renewal options. The contract also provided for a pilot test at the Southwestern Division, the Waterways Experiment Station, and the former Headquarter's Engineer Automation Support Activity. Based on pilot and stress test results and a cost comparison of various deployment scenarios, the Corps redeployed pilot test equipment to two large regional processing sites, one in Portland, Oregon and the other in Vicksburg, Mississippi. To maintain a viable corporate-wide system at these two regional sites, the Corps has invested in additional mainframe processing capacity, operating software, additional storage capacity, communications devices, and associated processors to link all Corps sites to the two regional centers. Total estimated cost through FY 2001: $55,400,000. Through FY 1997: $46,400,000. FY 1998 Requirement: $2,500,000. Future Years: $6,500,000. (10) Recurring APPE ReQuirements (Continuing): This grouped item includes general purpose microcomputers, graphics display terminals, interactive terminals, plotters, remote job entry devices, digital communications equipment supporting Corps ADPE. Also included are dedicated word processing centers, microcomputers used for such office functions as word processing, electronic mail, spread sheet applications, small data base applications, local area networks, and communications with main frame computers for storage and retrieval of management information. Recurring ADPE is utilized to improve the interfaces between separate computer configurations, to improve the communications transmission capability, and to replace ADPE that has reached the end of its useful life. Microcomputers are justified on a cost benefit basis to support both management and business, and scientific applications. The demand for quick access to accurate information at operational levels has generated requirements for ADPE in functional areas where it was previously absent or in functional areas where modern upgrade is required. All recurring ADPE requirements will be reviewed for consistency with the Corps of Engineers Information Systems Management Plan. FY 1998 Requirement: $4,000,000. e. Tools, Office Furniture and Equipment ·- ~ 6 FEB ·19~7 172 Initial Outfitting - USACE Finance Center (Continuing) : The USACE Finance ~enter (UFC), which was established in October 1994, will consolidate all operating finance and accounting functions into a single activity at one location. This consolidation is in accordance with Department of Defense Directive DMRD-910 which requires the establishment of centralized finance and accounting operations, and the location of the UFC in Memphis, TN, in a facility available on the Millington Naval Air Station, is consistent DOD implementation of DMRD-910. This outfitting effort includes fax machines, copiers, printers, personal computers, and systems furniture with associated electrical and computer network cabling. The alternatives to acquiring new furniture and office equipment for the UFC are moving furniture and equipment with Corps employees who will be relocating to Memphis as part of the consolidation, or leasing the required furniture and equipment. Both of the alternatives are more costly than it would be to outfit the UFC. by acquiring new furniture and equipment. Furthermore in some cases moving furniture or equipment would not be feasible because it would not be compatible with other available furniture and equipment. Total estimated cost: $3,701,000. Through FY 1997: $3,157,000 for personal computers, systems furniture and peripherals needed to outfit the initial complement of personnel relocated to the center. FY 1998: $544,000 to complete acquisition of remaining equipment and systems furniture. i 173 _6 FEB 1997 SUPPORT FOR OTHERS PROGRAM TITLE: Support for Others, FY 1998 JUSTIFICATION: Support for Others (SFO) , the manpower for which is separately resourced by the Off ice of Management and Budget, is reimbursable work performed by the Army ~orps of Engineers and funded by various Federal agencies, states, political subdivisions of states, and other entities, under applicable Federal law. The program fills a void for many agencies which do not have adequate capability to execute the engineering related needs of their missions or manage the engineering or construction contracts with private firms. The reimbursable assistance the Army Corps of Engineers provides is typically related to technical oversight and contract management. · In FY 1998, the Army Corps of Engineers estimates support will be provided to approximately 60 various Federal agencies. The estimated dollar value of our efforts including construction is estimated to be $800 million. The actual program size will depend on several factors: the requesting agency's appropriation which is often not known until the first quarter of the fiscal year, final agency decisions made on how and when the appropriated funds will be dispersed for projects, and the magnitude of natural emergencies. MAJOR FEATURES OF THE FY 1998 PROGRAM: The work consists of one large (>$300 million) reimbursable program [for the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)] and support to 50+ other Federal agencies and state/local governments ranging in size from a few thousand to approximately $50 million. The Corps supports EPA on its Superfund and Construction Grants programs as well as performing review and coordination of the planning, design and construction of EPA facilities. 174 PROGRAM TITLE: Support for Others, FY 1998 Examples of work for other Federal agencies in FY 1998 include assessment and evaluation of the condition of DOE's contaminated facilities and projected cost of cleanup; Office headquarters building; construction grant monitoring for the Department of Housing and Urban Development; design and construction of facilities for the Immigration and Naturalization Service; and study, design, engineering, and construction assistance for various Department of Interior subagencies such as the National Park Service, the Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Bureau of Indian Affairs. A potentially large and unpredictable program is that for the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) . The largest component support to FEMA occurs as a result of natural disasters where the type and magnitude of support is unpredictable. The Corps also performs flood insurance studies and related technical assistance to support the Federal Emergency Insurance Program and hurricane evacuation studies and underground storage tank removal at Emergency Broadcast System sites throughout the United States. ACCOMPLISHMENTS IN FY 1997: The Corps executed approximately $700 million in support of other agencies' programs in FY 1997 whi'ch includes the following examples: Environmental Restoration related work -$325 million of work related to the EPA Superfund program and $75 million of environmental restoration work for other agencies; Facilities and Infrastructure related work - $300 million of work related to engineering, design and construction such as the modernization of the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, design and construction of dormitories, administration and detention facilities for the Immigration and Naturalization Service, housing and control tower construction for the Federal Aviation Agency and structural modifications to water management systems at the Everglades National ,park. _6.- FEB rm 175 AUTOMATION COSTS AUTOMATION COSTS General: The Army Corps of Engineers utilizes automated information systems in all phases and aspects of its operations from the planning and design of Corps projects through their operation and maintenance; from the collection and analysis of hydrographic data to control flows in the nation's rivers to the management of fiscal and human resources; and from the search for legal precedents to the review of construction contractor performance histories. Expenditures for automated information systems include acquisition of commercial software packages and the design and. development of applications to meet unique engineering requirements; the acquisition of personal computers for use on engineers' desks and of mainframes for processing centers used by thousands of employees; and the . leasing of long distance lines for E-mail and high speed transfer of engineering and other data between Corps sites. Projected FY 1998 automation costs are displayed under three main categories: acquisition of hardware and associated commercial off-the-shelf software (COTS), automated information systems (AIS), and personnel. Hardware. Table A shows projected hardware and associated COTS acquisition costs for FY 1998. About one quarter of the costs for the acquisition of hardware which supports Civil Works programs are included in the Revolving Fund Plant Replacement a~d Improvement Program (PRIP) und~r one of several items of Fixed Land Plant: Corps of Engineers Automation Plan (CEAP), Water Control Data Systems, Computer Aided Drafting and Design (CADD), Document Imaging, and Recurring ADPE Requirements. For FY 98 the Corps has programmed $12.2 million of Revolving Fund resources for these five items as shown in the Revolving Fund PRIP section of the Remaining Items justification sheets. In addition to the $2.5 million identified for additional capital acquisitions under CEAP, approximately $8.9 million will be required in FY 98 to operate and maintain the two data processing centers and for the communications network linking Corps sites with these centers. The remaining Civil Works requirements for automation hardware are for items such as engineering work stations, file servers, personal computers, printers and other peripheral equipment costing less than $25,000 or items which will be utilized only in support of a single project, including research and development activities at Corps laboratories, and will be acquired with project funds. Such items are not eligible for Revolving Fund PRIP financing since they do not meet the threshold for capitalization, or do not support more than one project. The estimated FY 98 Civil Works requirement for engineering work stations, printers and other peripheral equipment to support technical, scientific and ~6 FEB i997 1.76 engineering staff is $12.9 million; for personal computers, printers and other peripheral equipment to support off ice automation and other general purpose office automation requirements is $11.2 million; for file servers, printers and other peripheral equipment which support data communications is $10.9 million; and for engineering work stations, file servers, personal computers, printers and other peripheral equipment to support automated information systems is $6.5 million. Funding for these items will be either through the General Expenses appropriation, district or laboratory overhead accounts, or specific Civil Works programs or projects. Software: Table B shows cestimated FY 98 Civil Works funding requirements to support automated information systems (AIS) . These AIS have been grouped by whether they are in use Corps-wide or were developed to meet local requirements. Corps-wide AIS have also. been grouped by their role in the design, construction, operation and maintenance of Corps projects, and management of the Civil Works program. Included among the AIS are the Operations and Maintenance Business Information Link (OMBIL) and the Water Control Data System standarization and modernization effort, both currently under development, and the Corps of Engineers Financial Management System (CEFMS), being deployed Corps-wide, which are in the FY 98 Revolving Fund PRIP request. Any difference between the FY 98 requirements for these systems reflected in Table B and the amounts shown in the Revolving Fund PRIP portion of the Remaining Items justifications are headquarters management or maintenance costs during deploy~ent which should not be capitalized in the PRIP. Personnel. Table C is an estimate, by activity, of the direct labor costs for the professional Computer Specialists, Computer Scientists, Programmers, Systems Analysts, Programmer Analysts, Information Management Planners, Telecommunications Specialists, and the Computer Technicians and Assistants which are charged to Civil Works projects and appropriations, based on actual direct labor costs in FY 1997. Not included are the costs of visual information specialists, photographers, print specialists, librarians, mail clerks, or the budget analysts and other support personnel who comprise a typical Corps information management office. __ 6 FEB 1997 1.77 TABLE A HARDWARE ACQUISITION FY 1998 PRIP Civil Works Item Funded Requirement Corps of Engineers Automation Plan (CEAP) x $2,500,000 Computer-Aided Design and Drafting (CADD) x $2,500,000 Water Control Data Systems (WCDS) x $700,000 Document Imaging x $2,500,000 Miscellaneous Automatic Data Processing Equipment (costing more than $25,000 and capitalized through the Plant Replacement and Improvement Program) Lower Mississippi Valley Division $50,000 Missouri River Division $75,000 North Atlantic Division $800,000 North Central Division $675,000 North Pacific Division $350,000 Ohio River Division $350,000 South Atlantic Division $650,000 South Pacific Division $250,000 Southwestern Division $200,000 Laboratories $600,000 Subtotal Miscellaneous ADPE x $4,000,000 Engineering work stations, file servers, personal computers, and other peripheral equipment costing less than $25,000 and therefore not capitalized: --scientific, technical and engineering $12,900,000 --office automation and other general purpose $11,200,000 --data communications $10,900,000 --automated information systems support $6,500,000 Subtotal $41,500,000 Total $51,200,000 _6 FEB 1997 1.78 TABLE B AUTOMATED INFORMATION SYSTEMS FY 1998 ' \ CIVIL WORKS STATUS REQUIREMENT CORPS SYSTEMS Engineering Automated Coastal Engineering System (ACES) Maintenance $136,000 Architect-Engineer Contract Adrnin Support System (ACASS) Upgrade $881,000 Automated Review Management System (ARMS) Upgrade $213,000 Computer-Aided Geotechnical Engineering (CAGE) Maintenance $400,000 Computer-Aided Structural Engineering (CASE) Maintenance $550,000 Computer-Aided Design and Drafting Support Center Maintenance $650,000 Equipment Manual Maintenance $162,000 Geotechnical Aspects of Computer-Aided Struc Eng (GCASE) Maintenance $90,000 Microcomputer Cost Engineering Support Systems (MCACES) Maintenance $600,000 Numerical Models Maintenance $1,114,000 Pavement-Transportation Computer Assist Struc Eng (PCASE) Maintenance $40,000 Construction Criteria Base/Spec Intact (SPECS INTACT) Upgrade $450,000 I Construction Resident Management System (RMS) Maintenance $282,000 Construction Contractor Appraisal Support System (CCASS) Upgrade $437,000 Operations and maintenance Bridge Information System (BIS) Maintenance $52,000 Dredging Information System Maintenance $50,000 Lock Performance Monitoring System (LPMS) Maintenance $100,000 Port & Waterways System (PWS) Upgrade $100,000 Waterborne Commerce Statistics Maintenance $100,000 Prioritizing O&M Maintenance Projects (QUADRANT) Maintenance $20,000 Water Demand Forcasting Model Maintenance $370,000 Automated User Permit System (AUPS) Maintenance $95,000 _6 FEB 1997 179 TABLE B AUTOMATED INFORMATION SYSTEMS FY 1998 CIVIL WORKS STATUS REQUIREMENT GET Application System Maintenance $50,000 Natural Resource Management System (NRMS) Maintenance $10,000 Relief Well Inventory New $12,000 Visitor Estimating and Reporting System (VERS) Maintenance $60,000 Water Control Data System (WCDS) Upgrade $2,050,000 Operation and Maintenance Business Information Link (OMBIL) New $2,000,000 Regulatory Regulatory Analysis Management System (RAMS) Maintenance $400,000 Project/program management Project and Program Management Information Sys (PROMIS) Replacement $240,000 Real Estate Management Information System (REMIS) Maintenance $579,000 Project and Resource Information Sys for Managers (PRISM) Maintenance $293,000 Life Cycle Project Management Reporting System (LRS) Maintenance $32,000 Civil Work O&M Automated Budget System (CWOMABS) Maintenance $300,000 Automated Management and Progress Reporting System (AMPRS) Maintenance $45,000 Force Configuration (FORCON) Maintenance $300,000 Finance and Accounting Corps of Engineers Financial Management System (CEFMS) Replacement $3,763,000 Corps of Engineers Management Info System (COEMIS) Maintenance $390,000 Corps of Engineers Time, Attendance and Leave Sys (CETAL) Maintenance $156,000 Corps Operating Budget Resource Analysis (COBRA) Maintenance $5,000 Other Automated Manpower Utilization and Requirement System (AMURS) Maintenance $28,000 Automated Information Systems Information System (AI SIS) Maintenance $4,000 Automated Personal Property Management System (APPMS) Maintenance $24,000 Vehicle Information Management System (VIMS) Maintenance $H5,000 ~. 1.80 _6- FEB 1997 TABLE B AUTOMATED INFORMATION SYSTEMS FY 1998 CIVIL WORKS STATUS REQUIREMENT Electronic Mail MCX Maintenance $602,000 Corps of Engineers Automated Legal System (CEALS) Maintenance $783,000 Corps Software Library (CORPS) Maintenance $36,000 Corps of Engineers Library Information System (COELIS) Maintenance $145,000 Employee Database (EDB) Maintenance $1,000 Engineer and Scientist Career Program Maintenance $36,000 Reseach and Development Management Information System (RDMIS) Maintenance $46,000 Data Encyclopedia Maintenance $256,000 Safety Information Management System (SIMS) Maintenance $16,000 Requirement Statement Management System (RSMS) Maintenance $6,000 Office Automation Support Integrated System (OASIS) Maintenance $407,000 Functional Repository for Enterprise Data New $200,000 Internet Center of Expertise Maintenance $120,000 STANDARD ARMY SYSTEMS Standard Army Automated Contracting System (SAACONS) $65,000 CORPS LOCAL SYSTEMS Lower Mississippi Valley Division Computer-Aided Supply Transaction Environment (Division-wide) Maintenance $5,000 Illinios Automated Data Acquisition System (St. Louis) Maintenance $10,000 Boring Log Microcomputer System (New Orleans) Maintenance $4,000 Cannon Dam Performance Monitor (St. Louis) Maintenance $7,000 Price Dam Performance Monitor (St. Louis) Maintenance $10,000 Wapappelo Dam Performance Monitor (St. Louis) Maintenance $15,000 ~gineering Division Cost/Schedule Control System (New Or leans) Maintenance $15,000 ~· Engineering Division Time & Attendance Program (New Orleans) Maintenance $15,000 Disbursement Blotter Register Maintenance $2,000 Automated Incident Reporting System (St. Louis) Maintenance $20,000 ~---- 1.81 6 FEB 1997 TABLE B AUTOMATED INFORMATION SYSTEMS I FY 1998 CIVIL WORKS STATUS REQUIREMENT Engineer Design Project Management System (St Louis) Maintenance $25,000 Relief Well Design System (Division-wide) Maintenance $2,000 Computer Environ Res Data System (Division-wide) Maintenance $13,000 Facility Resources Income Data (New Orleans) Maintenance $4,000 Local GIS (New Orleans) Maintenance $72,000 Warehouse Inventory Control System (Vicksburg) Maintenance $3,000 Lower MS River Survey (Division-wide) Maintenance $1,000 Local CADD Support (New Orleans) Maintenance $168,000 Missouri River Division Construction Management System (Omaha) Maintenance $9,000 Finance and Accounting--Local Programs (Division-wide) Maintenance $9,000 Power Plant Control System (Division-wide) Maintenance $150,000 Power Plant Control System (Division-wide) Replacement $3,100,000 Project Maintenance Management System (Division-wide) Maintenance $45,000 Text Searchable Document System (Division-wide) Maintenance $185,000 HP Maintenance Mgmt Sys for Turner/Stockton (Division-wide) Maintenance $4,000 Local CADD Support (Kansas City) Maintenance $24,000 Local CADD Support (Omaha District) Maintenance $31,000 Local GIS (Omaha District) Maintenance $107,000 Local GIS (Kansas City) Maintenance $4,000 Cannon-Truman-Stockton SCADA System (Kansas City) Maintenance $60,000 Lab Info Mgmt System (Division-wide) Maintenance $15,000 Missouri River Automated Data System (Division-wide) Maintenance $75,000 Regulatory Analysis Management System (Omaha District) Maintenance $33,000 North Atlantic Division Project Resource Operating System (Baltimore) Maintenance $5,000 North Central Division __ 6 FEB 1997 TABLE B AUTOMATED INFORMATION SYSTEMS FY 1998 CIVIL WORKS STATUS REQUIREMENT Open Plan (North Central Division) Maintenance $149,000 Applied Programs Systems (Division-wide) Maintenance $18,000 ~· Local CADD Support (Division-wide) Maintenance $785,000 Fountain City Database Managment System (St. Paul) Maintenance $5,000 Water Control Data System (Rock Island) Maintenance $250,000 Operations Maintenance of Navigation Installations (Rock Island) Maintenance $150,000 North Pacific Division Alaska District Management System (Alaska) Upgrade $6,000 Budget Management Systems (Portland) Maintenance $46,000 Columbia River Water Temperature Model (Division-wide) Maintenance $10,000 Gas Spill (Division-wide) Maintenance $5,000 CADD Database Development (Portland) Upgrade $110,000 Fishpass (Division-wide) Maintenance $5,000 Auto Regulation Prog for SSARR (Division Office) Maintenance $1,000 Construction Information Management System (Seattle) Maintenance $1,000 Columbia River Operational Hydronet Management Sys (Division Office) Maintenance $25,000 Dredged Analysis Information System (Seattle) Maintenance $40,000 F&A Data Entry System (Division-wide) Maintenance $26,000 Warehouse Inventory System (Portland) Maintenance $5,000 Strearnflow Synthesis and Reservoir Regulation (NPD) Maintenance $30,000 Records Managment Information System (Seattle) Maintenance $7,000 Regulatory Imaging Database (Alaska) Maintenance $7,000 IM Audiovisual Tracking System (Portland) Maintenance $5,000 Preventive Maintenance System (Portland) Maintenance $1,000 Hydrographic System Seasonal Regulation (Division-wide) Maintenance $15,000 ~· Corporate Data Management System (Seattle) Maintenance $16,000 SF-52 Tracking System (Seattle) Maintenance $2,000 Automated Manpower Utilization Reporting System (Division-wide) Maintenance $13,000 _6 FEB 1997 TABLE B AUTOMATED INFORMATION SYSTEMS FY 1998 CIVIL WORKS STATUS REQUIREMENT Ohio River Division APPMS/RM Data Base Reconciliation (Pittsburgh) .. New $1,000 Microstation Utility Programs (Pittsburgh) Upgrade $2,000 Nesting Box Database System (Pittsburgh) New $3,000 FTE Workyear Reporting System (Pittsburgh) Maintenance $1,000 Hydrographic Survey System (Pittsburgh) Upgrade $5,000 Geotech Instrumentation Sys (Pittsburgh) Maintenance $5,000 Lab Info Mgmt System (ORD) Maintenance $1,000 Lab Info Mgmt System (ORD) Upgrade $24,000 Navigation Predictive Analysis (Louisville) Maintenance $5,000 Preventive Maintenance System (Pittsburgh) Upgrade $94,000 Reservoir Profile Graphs (Pittsburgh) Upgrade $3,000 South Atlantic Division Customer Assistance Center System (Division Office) Maintenance $3,000 Career Management Program (Division-wide) Maintenance $1,000 Local CADD Support (Savannah) Maintenance $57,000 Executive Information System (Jacksonville) Maintenance $1,000 Executive Information System (Division Office) Maintenance $9,000 Work Request Tracking System (Jacksonville) Maintenance $1,000 Teach, Coach and Assist (Division-wide) Maintenance $1,000 INCOME (Mobile) Maintenance $2,000 Project Related Data Systems (Savannah) Maintenance $10,000 Life Cycle Project Management (Jacksonville) Maintenance $12,000 South Pacific Division Electronic Orange Book (SPL) Maintenance $15,000 Project Execution and Tracking System (South Pacific Division) Maintenance $34,000 ~· Plan Room Automation (Sacramento) Maintenance $2,000 ~~~~-Report (Los Angeles) Maintenance '$1,000 1.84 -6 FEB 1997 TABLE B AUTOMATED INFORMATION SYSTEMS FY 1998 CIVIL WORKS STATUS REQUIREMENT Telemetry Collection (Los Angeles) Maintenance $15,000 Operation Budget Execution System (Los Angeles) Maintenance $1,000 Auto Telephone Staffing System (Los Angeles) Maintenance $15,000 TELEM Reporting Software (Los Angeles) Maintenance $10,000 Reservoir Calculation Program (Los Angeles) Maintenance $5,000 Emergency Management Information System (Sacramento) Upgrade $65,000 Southwestern Division Albuquerque Dist Mgmt Info System (Albuquerque) Maintenance $2,000 Laboratories Vendor Information System (Waterways Experiment Station) Maintenance $19,000 CAI for CEFMS (Construction Engineering Resarch Lab) New . $2,000 Proposal Tracking System (Construction Eng Research Lab) Upgrade $1,000 TOTAL $26,739,000 1.85' _6 FEB 1997 TABLE C AUTOMATION PERSONNEL COSTS r---··-· CIVIL WORKS AUTOMATION PERSONNEL ACTIVITY COSTS HUNTSVILLE ENGINEERING AND SUPPORT CENTER $57,000 TOPOGRAPHIC ENGINEERING CENTER $105 000 LOWER MISSISSIPPI VALLEY DIVISION MEMPHIS DISTRICT $266,000 NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT $635,000 ST. LOUIS $499,000 VICKSBURG DISTRICT $741,000 DIVISION OFFICE $275,000 DIVISION TOTAL $2,418,000 MISSOIJRI RIVER DIVISION KANSAS CITY DISTRICT $546,000 OMAHA DISTRICT $492,000 DIVISION OFFICE $234,000 DIVISION TOTAL $1 272 000 NEW ENGLAND DIVISION $425,000 NORTH ATLANTIC DIVISION BALTIMORE DISTRICT $637,000 NEW YORK DISTRICT $513,000 NORFOLK DISTRICT $307,000 PHILADELPHIA DISTRICT $327,000 DIVISION OFFICE $142,000 DIVISION TOTAL $1,926,000 NORTH CENTRAL DIVISION BUFFALO DISTRICT $412,000 CHICAGO DISTRICT $342 000 DETROIT DISTRICT $309,000 ROCK ISLAND DIS~RICT $599,000 ST PAUL DISTRICT $624,000 DIVISION OFFICE $143,000 DIVISION TOTAL $2,429,000 NORTllPACIFIC DIVISION ALASKA DISTRICT -· PORTLAND DISTRICT $2,113,000 -· SEATTLE DISTRICT $551,000 WALLA WALLA DISTRICT $647,000 DIVISION OFFICE (Includes Western Regional Processing Center operationas.) $188,000 DIVISION TOTAL $3,558,000 _6 FEB 199i 1.86 TABLE C AUTOMATION PERSONNEL COSTS CIVIL WORKS - AUTOMATION PERSONNEL ACTIVITY COSTS OHIO RIVER DIVISION HUNTINGTON DISTRICT $662 000 LOUISVILLE DISTRICT $747,000 NASHVILLE DISTRICT $562,000 PITTSBURGH DISTRICT $564,000 DIVISION OFFICE $125,000 DIVISION TOTAL $2,661,000 SOUTH ATLANTIC DIVISION CHARLESTON DISTRICT $292,000 JACKSONVILLE DISTRICT $625,000 MOBILE DISTRICT $1,018,000 SAVANNAH DISTRICT $329,000 WILMINGTON DISTRICT $527,000 DIVISION OFFICE $254,000 DIVISION TOTAL $3 046,000 SOUTH PACIFIC DIVISION LOS ANGELES DISTRICT $1,143,000 SACRAMENTO DISTRICT $964,000 SAN FRANCISCO DISTRICT $901,000 DIVISION OFFICE $217,000 DIVISION TOTAL $3,226,000 SOUTHWESTERN DIVISION ALBUQUERQUE DISTRICT $160,000 FORT WORTH DISTRICT $441,000 GALVESTON DISTRICT $576,000 LITTLE ROCK DISTRICT $473,000 TULSA DISTRICT $746,000 DIVISION OFFICE $331,000 DIVISION TOTAL $2,727,000 LABORATORIES COLD REGIONS RESEARCH ENGINEERING LABORATORY $51,000 CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LABORATORY $43,000 WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION (Includes Central Regional Processing Center operations.) $2,871,000 TOTAL $2,964,000 HEADQUARTERS/HUMPHREYS ENG SUPP CENT/WATER RES SUPP CENTER $4,836,000 USACE FINANCE CENTER GRAND TOTAL $31,796,000 6 FEB 1997. 187 Justification of Estimates for 1 ~ .. Ll Functions Activities Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers Fiscal Year 1997 Summary of Budget Request for Inland Waterway Trust Fund Projects Construction, Inland General Waterways Appropriation Trust Fund Total Project Name $ $ $ Construction GIWW, Sargent Beach, TX 470,000 470,000 940,000 Grays Landing, PA 125,000 125,000 250,000 Locks & Dams 2, 3 & 4, Monoghela River, PA 1,350,000 1,350,000 2,700,000 McAlpine Locks & Dams, IN & KY 120,000 1,600,000 1,720,000 Olmsted Locks and Dam, IL & KY 49,220,000 49,220,000 98,440,000 Robert C. Byrd Locks and Dam, WV & OH 2,678,000 2,678,000 5,356,000 (Locks) 842,000 842,000 1,684,000 (Dam Rehabilitation) 1,836,000 1,836,000 3,672,000 Winfield Locks and Dam, WV 4,250,000 4,250,000 8,500,000 Total - Construction 58,213,000 59,693,000 li7,906,000 1.88 6 FEB 1997 Justification of Estimates for\_ .1 Functions Activities Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers Fiscal Year 1997 Summary of Budget Request for Inland Waterway Trust Fund Projects Construction, Inland General Waterways Appropriation Trust Fund Total Project Name $ $ $ Rehabilitation Lock and Dam 3, Mississippi River, MN (Rehab) ?,200,000 6,200,000 12,400,000 Lock and Dam 14, Mississippi River, IA (Rehab) 3,300,000 3,300,000 6,600,000 Lock and Dam 24, Mississippi River, IL & MO (Rehab) 2,185,000 2,185,000 4,370,000 Lock and Dam 25, Mississippi River, IL '& MO (Rehab) 2, 115, 000 2,115,000 4,230,000 Total - Rehabilitation 13,800,000 13,800,000 27,600,000 Gross Total - Construction and Rehabilitation 72,013,000 73,493,000 145,506,000 Reduction for Anticipated Savings and Slippage 3,241,000 3,308,000 6,549,000 Net Total 68,772,000 70,185,000 138,957,000 _6 FEB 1997 189 Justification of Estimates for Civil Functions Activities Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers Fiscal Year 1998 SUMMARY OF ALL APPROPRIATIONS APPROPRIATION TITLE FY 1997 FY 1998 Increase Appropriation 1/ Request (Decrease) General Investigations $ 153,872,000 $ 150,000,000 $ (3,872,000) Construction, General 1,081,942,000 1,393,250,000 311,308,000 Operation and Maintenance, General 1,716,015,000 2/ 1,618,000,000 (98,015,000) Flood Control Mississippi River and Tributaries 310,374,000 266,000,000 (44,374,000) Regulatory Program 101,000,000 112,000,000 3/ 11,000,000 Flood Control and Coastal Emergencies 10,000,000 14,000,000 4,000,000 General Expenses 149,000,000 148,000,000 (1,000,000) Oil Spill Research 0 0 0 Revolving Fund 0 0 0 Permanent Appropriations (Estimated) . 13,271,000 13,000,000 (271,000) Total $ 3,535,474,000 $ 3,714,250,000 $178, 776,000 II Energy and Water Development Appropriations Act, 1997, P.L. 104-206 (110 Stat. 2984) 21 Includes $19 million in Supplemental Appropriation, P.L. 104-208 31 Does not reflect $7 million in anticipated user fees =6 FEB 1997 1.90