Simulations Issue A CWC/I PUBLICATION 1984 JUNE USA $2.95 CAN $3.50

THE MAGAZINE FOR TRS-80 COLOR COMPLJTERIDAND MC-10® lJSERS

InsideLearn How the an Pieces Assembly-Language Work Together Game

00700 * 00710 ********PRINTER ROUTINE********* 86 FE 00720 PSTART LDA #$0FE LOA D WITH #-2 Buy Low, Sell High 97 6F 00730 STA $6F AT 'DEVNUM' 00740 CLRB Stock Market Simulator 00750 LDX #$400 TOP OF SCREEN 00760 PLOOP LDA ,X+ GET A CHARACT 00770 INCB AND COUNT IT 00780 BSR GETCHR CONVERT AND P 90 CMPB #$20 32 CHARACTERS • BNE GSKIPl Build Your ....., .1..,: I' CLRB ' LDA #$0D SEND A LINE F Own Atari / JSR [ $A002] TO [CHROUT] ' I I I MPX #$5E0 END OF SCREEN Joystick lnterf ace / ' ...... LOOP NO, PRINT SOM � TITLE DONE / ...... I ' CORRECT I PAGE I POKE VALUE / ' I ' ' Win (or Lose) Big / /..__ Q,�A"2 o I ' ' SET·UP ''*o At Bringmee Downs , ', � I ROUTINE ' I '' ' ' SCORE ' \ ROUTINE \ \ \ Plus: Elite-Word and \ The Business Accountmg '-� System Reviewed

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A 74470 12067 II SEND Dealer FOR FREE inquiries CATALOG invited

TM ABC'S IN COLOR SPELL BOMBER

In the ABC program, all 26 letters spring up in As captain of your ship, you must destroy the enemy bomber by spelling color to the familiar ABC tune. Then, colorful the mystery word. In this exciting and educational game the bomber gets detailed pictures depicting each individual letter closer with each inaccurate letter. You have only EIGHT tries to guess of the alphabet appear one by one.Your child's the mystery word or your ship will be bombed! If you guess the word fascination will mount as he or she correctly correctly, GENERAL QUARTERS will sound and your ship will fire a presses the letter on the keyboard and is missile to destroy the bomber, Three levels are available: EASY, rewarded with a musical tune before the next MEDIUM. and HARD. Challenging for all agesl detailed picture is drawn line by line onto the Atari16K...... T�pe: $18.95 screen: AIRPLANE for A, BUS for B, CLOWN Coco 16k ECB . ....Tape : $18.95 Disk: $22.95 for C and so on to ZEBRA for Z. Truly a must �2\: Vic 20 13k ...... Tape: $18.95 program for the preschool to first grade age group! Coco 16KECB . .T ape: $19.95 Disk: $25.95 SPELLING BEE

The word is pronounced vocally and it is up to you to type in the correct CRISS-CROSS MATH spelling.If wrong, the computer will be your friend and flash the word on the screen for just an instant. OK! Try typing the word in again. STILL As the program begins, your child is presented with a nine square WRONG I The computer wants success and allows you to see the word playing board. It is your choice as to which square you choose. After a again this time a little longer. If you just can't spell the word, the choice is made, a MATH PROBLEM appears in the square. You score computer realizes you need to learn to spell the word and leaves the your first X by answering the problem correctly. If your answer is word on the screen for you to copy. Try your best and the computer has incorrect, the square clears and your opponent is allowed his choice of a surprise for your reward! squares. The game is over when three squares vertically, horizontally, or SPELLING BEE Ill ...GRADE 5 6 SPELLING BEE I ...GRADE 1 & 2 & diagonally are won by the same player. When playing against the SPELLING BEE II .. GRADE 3 & 4 SPELLING BEE IV ...GRADE 7 & 8 computer, every answer you get wrong is won by the computer. Multi· Coco 16k ECB . . TAPE: $16.95 Each level ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION program. CoCo16K...... Tape : $12.95 TC-INVENTORY . FRACTIONS Many insurance companies offer a discount for policy holders which have complete inventories on file. TC - Inventory is designed to help SIDE ONE: Fraction Lessons, explains fractions with the aid of graphics. you organize, maintain, and compile the personal belongings of your Child studies the different ways fractions can be represented. Lessons home. Program is user friendly and menu driven. TC - Inventory allows include: input for location of item, price of item, serial number of item, date of IMPROPER FRACTIONS purchase, and a text written description of the item. Don't put off MIXED FRACTIONS recording your personal belongings until its too late. Requires printer for PROPER FRACTIONS hard copy. Many educators have praised the use of motion and color to display the Coco 32k ECB ...... Tape : $16.95 fractional equivalents.

SIDE TWO: Fraction practice. offers a random computer generated quiz. TEACHING CLOCK Atari16k ...... T ape: $19.95

Coco 16k ...... Tape: $19.95 Torn between teaching time on a digital or a conventional (face and hands) clock? Well, this JOYSTICK DRAW program combines the two using high resolution graphics and prompts! Your child will Joystick Draw is the simple way to explore your artistic talents! Program learn to tell time with the aid of a specially operation is easy enough for a child to use. but effective enough that designed CLOCK! Child enters the time, if TCE uses it to design many sophisticated high-resolution graphic wrong, the center of the clock displays a screens. Joystick Draw's design allows you or your child to save those graphic aid. If the child is correct a musical masterpieces for future revisions or for use in other programs reward is heard. Program offers three levels: (instructions included). Your child will spend many hours enjoying this hours, quarter hours, and five minute intervals. program and at the same time improving his or her eye hand Apple 48k . .Disk : $19.95 coordination! You will find Joystick Draw to be an easy way to design those more sophisticated graphics for your own programs! Atari 32k ...... Tape: $16.95 CoCo16 ECB ...... Tape: $16.95 CoCo 16k ECB .... Disk: $19.95 Tape: $16.95

Additional Educational Software available for Color Computer, TOP Atari " , 100, Apple , Commodore 64 " , and VIC ·� 20 ' ..-390 P.O. Box 2477 Gaithersburg, Maryland 20879 (301) 963-3848 The Joystick that sets you free! The one-hand operation of this fantastic new without a base is something to be experienc­ joystick will truly set you free and increase the ed. Available direct from us or from your inde­ pleasure of playing your favorite video games. pendent computer retail store. (See below) The smoothness and responsiveness of this unique joystick that operates completely $49.95 suggested retail

changing Printer and Modem Cables! our ParallelSTOP Printer Interface provides swit;ch Sel­ ectable Printer or Modem operations for both coco and MC10. It features switchable baud rates from 300 to 9600. It comes complete with power supply, modem cable and "Centronics" type print­ er cable. For Basic 1.1 and later revisions. Available direct from us or from your independent pbh computer retail store. (See belowJ Coco Serial I Parallel Interface Only $89.95 suggested retail Comouter P. o. Drawer 55868 Products, Inc. Houston, Texas 77055 Pbh 713/956-0207 When ordering direct from PBH please enclose S3.00 per item for shipping. MODEM OFF PRINTER

Stocking Distributors Compukit Spectrum Projects Houston, TX. Woodhaven. 77059 N.Y. 11421 Authorized Dealers

Endicott Computer TRS TECH Computers, Etc. Chips, Incorporated Austin. TX. Atlanta, GA. Software & Accessories Computer Services 78745 30340 Huntsville, AL. Houston, TX. 35801 77033 The Computer Store Computers More Computer Associates & Cinsoft Jasper. Huntsville. TX. Cincinnati. OH. West Fargo, .Da IN. 47456 77340 45237 N k. 58078 The Software Connection The Photo Shop Radio Shack EDC Industries Computer Plus, Inc. Ft. Lauderdale, FL. Wilmar. MN. Los Angeles. CA. Littleton, MA. 01460 33319 56201 90042 Colorware, Inc. Patterson Electronics Sound Center Radio Shack Turtle Micro Ware

Woodhaven, Mountain View, AR. Whiterock, . M. East Lime, CT. N.Y. 11421 72560 N 87644 06333 & Los Alamos, . M. N 87544 IBI®ITco co TI CLE

The (Word-Proces.sing) Power Elite ---- Elite-Word shows off some impressive features. 22 Stuart Hawkinson

It's Accounted For All ------Mark Data's Business Accounting System >hows that the 24 CoCo isn't just a home computer. Steve Brown Anatomy of an Assembly-language Game-p. 43

Journey to the Center of the ROM-Part Airport Controller� ------VIII _ 66 Every little bit of your Color Basic ROM exposed. 28 Can you safely land a dozen jumbo jets? How about two Mark D. Goodwin dozen? Robert Ainscough

Wacko� ------34 Are the Stars Random?-Part Learning numbers and fractions can be fun. Il ThomasReville You have some interesting statistical analysis techniques to 75 use on your Color Computer. Anatomy of an As.sembly-Langu�ge Game- Philip McLaughlin

Part I ------� 43 Atari JoystiCk Interface Find out what makes those arcade games tick in this six-part Reap the benefits of this popular peripheral with this easy 82 series. Mike Meehan project. James J. Barbare/lo

Racetrack ·� ------50 Spelling Editor � What would you do with your own stable of race horses? 88 Glen Ta panila Use this program with the Spelling Verifier program from last month to keep your word files up to date. Bob Jack Stock Market Simulator ------� This symbol Indicates the program's placement the Instant How well might you do in Wall Street's bear and bull 58 on � available cassette. our Instant ad tor details.CoCo loader, on markets? l'irL See CoCo Gary Wick Cover art by Diane Ritson

Digres.sions Michael E. Nadeau

Feedback

Ebner's Arcade • Richard Ramella

The Educated Guest � __ Charles Santee H. Reader's Forum

Doctor ASCII Richard E. Esposito

Reviews Stock Market Simulator-p. 58 Filmastr, Pro-Color-File Enhanced, Compac for the MC-10, Business Product News ------Manager, and more. 112 edited by CynthiaSmith Racetrack-p. 50 edited by Mark E. Reynolds

face mail), S44.97-one year only, U.S. funds drawn on a U.S. bank. Foreign subscriptions Vol. 2 No. 1 June 1984 (air mail), please inquire. In South Africa contact HOTCoCo, P.O. Box 782815, Sandton, South Afri­ HOTCoCo (ISSN 0740-3186) is published 12 times a year by Wayne Green Inc., Pine St., Peter­ 80 ca 2146. All subscription correspondence should be addressed to HOTCoCo, Subscription Depart­ borough, NH, and additional mailing offices. Subscription rates in U.S. are $24.95 for one year, ment, P.O. Box Farmingdale, NY 11737. Please include your addre"' label with any corre­ 975, $38 for two years, and $53 for three years. In Canada and Mexico, $27.97-one year only, U.S. spondence. Postmaster: Send address changes to HOTCoCo, Subscription Services,P Box 975, .0. funds. Nationally distributed by International Circulation Distributors. Foreign subscriptions (sur- Farmingdale, NY 11737. Entire contents copyright 1983 by Wayne Green Inc. 4 CoCo Jun� 1984 HOT From Computer Plus to YOU ... PLUS after PLUS after PLUS

. ,., . ' " ·� � . '; ' .;:..

.. . . , � ' ' _,, t � $ l \'.) ...... ' ' < ' • ' """ . - - ... ,,,.

Model 4 16K $849 Model 100 SK $679 Color Computer II 16K $135 Model 4 64K Model 100 24K $835 w/16K Ext. Basic $165 2 Disk RS232 $1699 w/64K Ext. Basic $210 &

DMP120 $395 Color Computer Disk Drive DWP210 $629 DMP200 $520 Drive 0 $329 Drive 1 $ 235

ON A FULL COMPLEMENT OF RADIO SHACK COMPUTER PRODUCTS Bl(iSAVINGS Colorpede 29.95 COMPUTERS ETC. Model 4 Portable Disk Drive Controller 139 Juniors Revenge 28.95 64K w/2 Drives 1525 Extended Basic Kit 39.95 Pac Attack 24.95 Model 2000 2Dr 2299 PBH Ser/Par Conv. 69 Block Head 26.95 Model 12 1 Drive 2360 64K Ram Chips 62.95 Froggie 24.95 Model 16B 1Dr 256K 3965 Deluxe Keyboard 35.95 Lunar Rover Patrol 24.95 Superpro Keyboard 69.95 Lancer 24.95 MODEMS Hayes Smartmodem II 225 HJL Keyboard 79.95 Typing Tutor 23.95 AC-3 129 CCR-81 Recorder 52 Galagon 24.95 DC Modem I 89 Deluxe Joystick (each) 35.95 Scott Adams Adventures 19.95 DC Modem II 160 Joysticks (pair) 22 Sea Dragon 34.95 Video Plus (monitor adapter) 24.95 Colorcome 49.95 PRINTERS Video Plus llC 39.95 Telewriter 64 49.95 Silver Reed EXP500 D.W. Ser. 455 Amdek Color 1 + Monitor 299 0-Pak (disk) 34.95 Silver Reed EXP550 D.W. Par. 525 BMC Color Monitor 255 Key-264K 39.95 CGP115 159 BMC Green Monochrome Monitor 99 Elite-Cale 59.95 CGP220 Ink Jet 545 Texan Green Mono. Monitor 130 VIP Writer 59.95 DMP110 305 Taxam Amber Mono. Monitor 139 VIP Cale 59.95 DMP420 735 VIP Terminal 49.95 Toshiba 1340 (24 wire head) 779 (Tape Version) SOFTWARE VIP Database (disk) 59.95 Gemini 10X 289 Zaxxon 34.95 Gemini 15X 409 The King 26.95 Order any 2 software pieces listed CITOH Prowriter 359 Trap Fall 27.95 and lake 10% off their listed price. Oki data CALL Buzzard Bait 27.95 All Radio Shack software 10% off list. Epson CALL Devil Assault 27.95 Send for complete list.

CALLTOLL FREE 1·800-343·8124 • LOWEST POSSIBLE PRICES

• BEST POSSIBLE WARRANT Y • KNOWLEDGEABLE SALES STAFF P.O. Box 1094 • TIMELY DELIVERY 480 King Street • us SHOPPING CONVENIENCE Littleton, MA 01460 SINCE 1973 MASSACHUSETIS CALL <617> 486-3193 v 1s lZJ II • IN TRS-80 Is a registered trademark of Tandy Corp. IHKIDUCo Co IGRESS ION---..

EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Michael E. Nadeau MANAGING EDITOR SMALL Janet Fiderio COMPUTER REVIEW EDITOR Mark E. Reynolds NEW PRODUCTS EDITOR BIG ON BUSINESS Cynthia Smith· TECHNICAL EDITORS 've noticed an encouraging trend recently: People are putting their Color Peter Paplaskas, Computers to work. I am referring to an increased interest in business and Guier Wright, I financial applications software, not program development and personal pro­ Amee Eisenberg (Instant CoCo) ductivity. EDITORIAL DESIGN MANAGER If you've paid attention to the ads in this and other publications, you've Susan Gross seen a number of new products: CP /M cards, business accounting packages, EDITORIAL DESIGNER inventory control programs, stock portfolio management software, and an Susan Hays 80-colurnn card (vital to serious spreadsheet analysis). Many of the compa­ LAYOUT EDITORS nies producing these products have been around for a while, and they have a Joan Ahem, Philip Geraci, good feel for the Color Computer market's direction. Maurelle Godoy, Judy Oliver, So why this happening now and not two or three years ago? I have a few Phyllis Pittet, Glenn Suokko is hunches. First, the general public taking lower-end computers more seri­ PROOFREADERS is Peter Bjomsen, ously. Millions of under-$1,000 machines have been sold, many to business­ Harold Bjomsen, men experimenting with the idea of getting a "full-blown" system someday. Robin F1orence A lot of those businessmen found that they could get along just fine with RESEARCH ASSIST their "home" computer. Those who bought Color Computers had addition­ ANT Celeste Wrenn al incentives to hold onto them: a convenient source of peripherals, software, and service at the local Radio Shack-very important to the guy with a grow­ ing business and no time to wait for repairs. PUBLISHER/EDITOR Second, third-party support for the Color Computer has produced prod­ Wayne Green ucts that opened the door to more serious business software development. VICE PRESIDENT I The most important is the replacement keyboard. Not only do the improved GENERAL MANAGER keyboards make the Color Computer easier to use, they also give it a more Debra Wetherbee professional appearance. VICE PRESIDENT/FINANCE The pioneers who brought Flex to the Color Computer deserve credit, too. Roger Murphy The implementation of this mainframe system on the Color Computer gives EDITORIAL MANAGER the machine credibility to users with serious applications in mind. Flex also Jeffrey DeTray gives Color Computer users a powerful library of business and financial soft­ ASSISTANT TO PRESIDENT ware. Flex and the software it made available encourages developers to write Matt Smith comparable software for use with RS-DOS. ASSISTANT TO /FINANCE VP Third, the number of users with 64K, disk drives, and printers has grown Dominique Smith to an extent where it feasible for third-party vendors to develop software is DIRECTOR OF MARKETING suitable for a "full-strength" Color Computer. No one invest thousands AND SALES will of dollars in a sophisticated package unless a reasonably large base of com­ David Schissler puters can use it. CIRCULATION DIRECTOR Finally, there are those fewJong-time users who blazed a trail for the Color William P. Howard Computer in the business world. These people wrote their own software be­ 603-924-947I cause none was available. They experimented with graphs, equations, and ASSISTANT CIRCU LA TION hardware configurations, while their colleagues chuckled and spent money MANAGER on Apples and PCs. These users proved that the Color Computer could per­ Frank S. Smith form admirably in a business environment. BULK NEWSSTAND & I don't think the Color Computer poses a serious threat to IBM's domain, SALES MANAGER Ginnie Boudrieau but many people are buying $5,000 computers for tasks that $1,500worth of 1-800-343-0728 Color Computer hardware and software can handle. I predict you'll see more

ADVERTISING, 603-924-7138 Color Computers in the hands of executives and professionals as the business Director: Stephen Twombly world becomes more educated about microcomputers. the meantime, what's still missing? Is a true relationaldatabase manager Sales Representatives: Raino E. Wirein, In Barbara Alvarez feasible in 64K? How about some integrated software similar to Lotus 1-2-3? Ad Coordinator: Suzanne DesRochers Come on, guys. We've made our point that the Color Computer a serious is PUBLIC RELATIONS machine. Now Jet's show them what it can really do.-M.N. • Leonard Jirn

6 HOT CoCo June 1984 PRODUCTION Director: Nancy Salmon; Lahri Bond, Cindy Boucher, Linda Drew, Donna Hartwell, Laurie Jennison, Star Kachadoorian, Instant CoCo Marlene Mowbray, Kenneth Sutcliffe, Instant CoCo Directory-June Leslie Walden, Theresa Verville, SIDE A Robert M. Villeneuve, Lynne Simonson Ad Coordinators: Patricia Bradley, Paula ARTICLE NAME/AUTHOR FILE PAGE# SYSTEM Ramsey; Assistant: Jean Southworth Advertising Production: Fiona Davies, Copyright Statement TITLE Bruce Hedin, Michael Ford, Jane Preston All Wacko/Revitte WACKO 34 16K CHIEF COPYWRITER PCLEAR I before loading on a Steve Tripp 16K ext. machine. HOT CoCo, Louis Marini Anatomy of an Assembly-Language Game- CROAKER! 43 32K Ext PHOTOGRAPHY Part I/Meehan Supervisor: Nathaniel Haynes; · Racetrackffapanila HORSE 50 32K Ext Sandra Dukette, Laurie Gardos, Stock Market Simulator/Wick STOCKSIM 58 16K Ext Jeanne Quickmire, Sturdy Thomas Airport Controller Ainscough AIRPORT 66 32K Ext TYPESETTING I Supervisor: Dennis Christensen; Darlene Bailey, Marie Barker, Prem SIDE B Gongaju, Lynn Haines, Cynthia ... Letourneau, Kimberly Nadeau, Spelling Editor/Jack SVPEDT 88 32K Disk Debbie Nutting, Lindy Palmisano, Use with SVP from last month. Heidi N. Thomas Educated Guest/Santee QUIZ 92 16K Ext DESIGN RETRIEVE 92 16K Ext Manager: Joyce Pillarella; Elmer's Arcade/Ramella KNOSSOS 17 16K Ext Design Consultant: Dion Owens CREATIVE DIRECTOR Christine Destrempes The symbol (m) in the Article Name column indicates the program is machine-language and must be loaded using the CLOADM command. Additional preparatory commands are listed un­ The left bracket, I. replaces the up arrow used by Radir Shack to indicate exponentiation on our printouts der the article name where appropriate. CSA YEM addresses are listed for your use with the ma­ When entering programs published in HOT Coco. you chine-language programs. should make this change. Article submissions from our readers are welcomed and encouraged. Inquiries should to: HOT CoCo be addressed Submissions Editor, Pine Street, Peterborough, 80 NH 03458. Include an SASE for a copy of our writer'sguidelines. Payment for accepted made a rate of approxi­ ankles is at If mately $50 per printed purchased. Our Programs Don't Work page; all rights are Authors of should contact the HOT CoCo Review reviews Having trouble entering our listings from the typing errors include confusing a zero with the Editor, Pine Street, Peterborough, 03458. 80 NH Subscriptions: magazine? Here are a few tips that might help. letter 0, a one with the letter I, or a colon with a Problems with Subscriptions: Send a description of the First, we print all our Basic listings in the semicolon. DATA statements are particularly problem and your current and/or most recent address CoCo's 32-column format. This means that tricky because of the long lists of numbers. Be to: HOT CoCo, Subscription Depanmcnt, P . . Box 0 each line should appear the same on the screen very careful with these. 975, Farmingdale, NY 11737. Change of Address: Send old label or copy of old ad­ as it does in the magazine. If a line on your Anyone who owns the new CoCos with the dress and new address to: HOT CoCo, P Box 975, .0. screen does not match the same line in the mag­ 1.2 ROMs, have noticed poor keyboard re­ Farmingdale, NY 11737. Please give eight weeks ad­ azine, reread what you typed; you might have sponse in some published programs. To solve vance notice. made an error. Dealers: Contact Ginnie Boudrieau, Bulk Sales this, you can insert this line: FOR Manager, HOT CoCo, Pine St., Peterborough, Second, make sure the program is for your NH Z= IT04:POKE34-0+Z,255:NEXT after any 03458. (800) 34l-0728. computer. Read the System Requirements box. line that makes reference to PEEK 338-345. Advel1iser.i: Send a description of the prol>­ Problems with The information in this box represents the and your current to: Magazine, Rt. 101 Elm This loop slow down a Basic program. An­ lem address & minimum system configuration needed to run will Street, Peterborough, 03458. ATTN.: B. Rivard, NH Rita other way is to directly insert a POKE xxx,255, CUstomer Manager. If urgent, 1-800443. 1-440 that particular program. Also, read the article Service call where xxx any keyboard location between 338 HOT Coco is a member of the Communications/ thoroughly before typing in the program. is CW and 345. Example: IF PEEK(34 = 251 Inc. group, the world's largest publisher of computer-re­ Sometimes the article contains instructions l) lated information. The group publishes computer THEN Y= Y-1. Change to: IF PEEK(341) 44 vital to making the typed-in listing work. For publications in 18 major countries. Nine million people =251 THEN POKE341,255:Y= Y-1. read one or more of the group's publications each instance, some CoCos not accept the high­ will Assembly listings usually require an edi­ month. Members of the publication group include: Aus­ speed POKE (POKE 65495,0). The article for a tralia: Australasian Computerworld, Micro Magazine; program using this POKE tell you to tor/assembler to enter them into your CoCo. will Argentina: Computerworld/Argentina; Brazil: Data­ change those POKEs to 65494,0 if your com­ The two most common editor/assemblers are News. MicroMundo; Denmark: Computerworld/Dan­ Radio Shack's EDTASM+ and Th.e Micro mark. MikroData; France: Le Monde lnformatique; puter not work at the faster speed. will Works' SDS80C. An Assembly listing assem­ Germany: ComputerWoche, MicroComputerWelt. PC· Some CoCos are sensitive to spacing in the Welt; Italy: Computerworld Italia; Japan: Computer­ program lines. Occasionally a computer bled using the SDS80C probably not run will will wor/d Japan, PC Japan; Mexico: Computerworld/Mex­ read a line such as FORR= 1T020 incorrectly, under EDTASM + . ico; Norway: Computerworld Norge. MikroData; Peo­ If all the above fails, send us a printout or a ple's Republic of China: China Computerworld; Saudi interpreting the FOR not as a keyword, but as a Arabia: Saudi Computerworld; Spain: Computerworld/ variable. If you've removed spaces from a pro­ detailed description of the problem you experi­ Espana, MicroSistemas; Sweden: ComputerSweden. gram listing to save space, and that program ence along with any error messages. We'll try to MikroDatorn. Min Hemdator, United Kingdom: Com­ not work, reinsert those spaces. work it out for you. We cannot help you if you puter Management. Computer Business Europe; United will have modified the original program in any States: Computerworld, HOT Coco, inCider, lnfo­ If everything is okay so far, check the pub­ Wortd. Micro Marke/World. Microcomputing. PC lished listing with what you've typed. Common way.• World, 80 Micro, RUN, and jr.

HOT CoCo June 1984 7 ..------Feedback ______,

"Video Van Gogh" Full "Possum Run" Runs 64K Corrections I get your magazine each month be­ I've received several letters from cause I think it's the best software buy people who have had trouble with The "Video Van Gogh" program going for the Coco. "Possum Run" (HOT Co co , March (HOT CoCo, March 1984, p. con­ 94) I have a tape-based, 64K, Extended 1984, p. 50), but I've checked the list­ tains a mistake. Line 10 in the pro­ Color Basic Color Computer 2. It's ing and found no mistakes. If others gram should read: 10 C$= "t***QW are having trouble, please check lines AS** LCPOD-.JKFBGR?MN ". my third (and probably last) comput­ 300-508, and 5000-5505 for There was also another error. Be­ er, and I use it primarily to develop ap­ 90-92, typos, because most people have made fore running or saving the program, plication software. errors here. type: PCLEAR4:POKE7690,lO:POKE I would like to see some programs If you've checked those lines and 7691,8:POKE7692,9:POKE7697, 12: that use the full potential of a 64K ma­ still have a problem, please send me an POKE7698,13. The published version chine. Half of our user's group have SASE, a description of the trouble, showed a semicolon instead of a colon 64K upgrades, and I'm sure the per­ the lines in which the problem occurs, after one of the POKEs. If you were centage is growing everywhere. and, if you have a printer, a listing of having trouble with this program, Gary R. Ha wkins the program as you've entered it into these corrections should help. Weyerhaeuser, WI your computer. EricEinem I've also found that you can delete Granada Hills, CA lines and And, in 990-999 (J()()()-6()20. line 325, change the first numeral to (so it read IF ZX>160... ). "Video Van Gogh" Fix HiO will Nick Bradbury Here's a for the "Video Van Buyer's GUide Update fix 10500 Sandpiper Lane Gogh" program (HO T CoCo, March We inadvertently left out two Knoxville, TN 37922 1984, p. Change line 10 to the fol­ 94). items in our April "Peripherals lowing and forget the POKEs: Buyer's Guide." They are as follows: 10 = + CHR$(10)+ CHR$(8) +C HR$(9) F Board-::/= C$ "t" Saturn Electronics' SPLC-1 64K +"QWAS" +CHR$(12)+CHR$(13)+" LC Lower gives true lowercase For the second month in a row, I POD-.JKFBGR?MN<>'' Case letters without soldering or cutting. disagree with the advice given in "Dr. Ronald K. Lee compatible with all versions of ASCII." Twice in the March issue, Marrero, LA It is the Color Computer except the Esposito states that all 32K Ex­ Mr. Color Computer 2. An added fea­ tended Color Basic Color Computers Faster ''Attacker'' ture gives you inverse video at the with the F board are really 64K models (HO T Coco, Score flipof a switch. The SPLC-1 comes pp. 135, 136). Unfortu­ fully assembled and tested. It costs nately, such is not the case. Matt Togliatti squeezed all the $59.95 and guaranteed for 90 I purchased my CoCo by mail in is speed he could into "Attacker" days. For further information con­ August 1982. It was one of the first his (HOT Coco, October 1983, p. 92), tact Saturn Electronics Co. Inc., 62 that had a case that was more silver but the following changes speed Commerce Drive, Farmingdale, and less black and had the nameplate will up the score-printing routine: 11735, 516-249-3388. in the center and no button. Be­ NY RAM E.A.P. Co. offers Gold Plug 80, fore I could access 64K, I had to have 9DIMH$(9), gold-plated edge connectors that a $30 upgrade from Radio Shack. 11 FORZ=OT09:READH$(Z):NEXT you solder over the CoCo's existing A friend who bought his 32K Ex­ 3 0 4 COLOR4:D= 150:U = SS:I =INT(U/ tin-plated ones. The gold connec­ tended Basic CoCo about two months IOOO):U = U -I*1000 :GOSUB380:D =160: tors ensure corrosion-free contacts after I did found that unit already I=INT{U/I OO):U= U-1*100:GOSUB380:D his had the 64K capability with no modifi­ =170 :1=1NT(U/IO):U = U-l*IO:GOSUB and reliable operation. The disk­ 380:D= 180:1=U:GOSUB380:IFHH= I module package costs $16.95, the cation. Therefore,most 32K Extended THEN90ELSE150 disk-drive package $7.95, the two­ Color Basic machines with F boards are 64K. The earliest ones need 380PUT(D,l)-(D+B ,11),C,PSET:DRAW drive disk cable $29.95, and the will "BM"+STR$(D)+ + H$(1):RETURN modification. "l" four-drive cable $39.95. Contact E.A.P. Co., P.O. Box 14, Keller, The Computer Centers have a short Delete lines 350-370. 76248, 817-498-4242, for fur­ test program that tell you which TX will Robert Benson ther information. Niceville, FL Continued on p. 12

CoCo June 1984 8 HOT Compare it with the rest. Then, buy the best. If you've been thinking about Compare Performance. mounting posts. Kit Includes a spending good money on a new Offering more than full-travel, new bezel for a totally finished keyboard for your Color Computer, bounce-proof keyswltches, the conversion. why not get a good keyboard for HJL-57 has RFl/EMI shlelding that Compare Warranties. your money? eliminates irritating noise on The HJL-57 ls built so well, It Designed from scratch, the displays; and four user-definable carries a full, one-year warranty. HJL-57 Professional Keyboard function keys (one latchable), And, It is sold with an exclusive Is built to unlock ALL the specially-positioned to avoid 15-day money-back guarantee. potential performance of your Inadvertent actuation. Color Computer. Now, you can Compare Value. do real word processing and salt Free Function Key Program You know that a bargain is a through lengthy llstlngs... wlth Your HJL-57 kit Includes usage bargain only so long as it lasts. maximum speed; minimum errors. Instructions and decimal codes If you shop carefully, we think you will agree... The HJL-57 ls At $79.95, the HJL-57 is reason­ produced by the function keys, the last keyboard your CoCo will ably priced, but you can find plus a free sample program ever need. And that's value. other Coco keyboards for a few that defines the function real dollars less. So, before you buy, keys as follows: F1 = Screen Order Today. dump to printer. F2 = Repeat we suggest that you compare. Only $79.95, the HJL-57 ls key (latching). F3 =Lower case avallable for Immediate shipment Compare Design. upper case flip (If you have for either the original Golor The ergonomically-superior lower case capability). F4 = Computer (sold prior to October, HJL-57 has aculptured, low Control key; subtracts 64 from 1982) or the F-version and TDP-100 profile keycaps; and the three­ the ASCII value of any key (introduced In October, 1982), color layout Is Identical to pressed. Runs on disc or tape; and the new 64K coco. the original coco keyboard. extended or standard Basic. 2. Now also avallable for Coco Compare Construction. The HJL-57 has a rlgidlzed Compare Installation. Order by Phone Anytime aluminum baseplate for solld, Carefully engineered for easy no-flex mounting. Switch contacts Installation, the HJL-57 requires 716-235-8358 are rated for 100million cycles no soldering, drllllng or gluing. 24 hours, 7 days a week minimum, and covered by a sptll­ Simply plug It In and drop It proof memb@ne. right on the original Coco

Ordering Information: Specify model (Orlglnal, F·verslon, or CoCo 2). Payment by C.O.D., check, MasterCard or Visa . Credit card customers Include complete card number and expiration date. Add $2.00 for shipping ($3.50 for Canada). New York state residents add sales tax. 7 % PRODUCTS INC. Buffalo Road • P.O. Box 24954 Dealer Inquiries Invited. For dealer Information In Eastern U.S. and Canada, call collect: 955 617-588-7614, Advanced Computer Services (distributor), 74 Plaln Street, Brockton, MA 02401. Rochester, New Yo£k �4624 From Sesame Street to Outer Space ... Radio Shack Has and Entertainment

The CTW Software Group, a division Grover's Number Rover.™** Grobot. * ** How well will your astro­ of Children's Television Workshop, Grover's rover is ready to blast off! garden grow? Plant, protect and har­ brings you ten game-style educational Hop aboard and vest-it's up to programs. Each one encourages chil­ help him play with you and Grobot. A dren to experiment, explore and solve Twiddlebugs and Creative Explora­ problems while having fun. numbers! A Basic tion Game for Skills Game for ages 10 and up. For TRS-80® Color ages 3-6. #26-2527. Computers with 1995 #26-2522. Extended BASIC Each

Taxi.*** Kids earn fares and tips as Ernie's Magic Shapes.™** Ernie Time Bound.*** Race through time they drive through six cities from New wears the top hat, but you're the magi­ and learn about history, in hot pursuit York to Shanghai. cian. Help Ernie of your hapless A Cooperative match shapes and assistant, Ana­ Strategy Game for colors in six differ­ I cron. Creative ages 7 and up. ent ways. A Basic ' Exploration Game #26-2509. Skills Game for for ages 10 and ages 3-6. up. #26-2528. '• #26-2524. --

Peanut Butter Panic.*** The sky's Big Bird's Special Delivery.™** Help Flip Side.*** Stake your claim, sur­ the limit as players cooperate to catch Big Bird deliver the mail! Match the round the squares, and watch the stars, make sand­ pictures and bring screen flip colors! ---� .. wiches, and win. A each package to Planning is the

Cooperative Strat­ . n the right store. A key. A Creative egy Game for Basic Skills Game Exploration Game !fll ages and up. 7 for ages for ages 10 and y - J #26-2523...... :: . 3-6. #26-2525. up. #26-2529.

Star Trap.*** Players must race through a maze to trap a slippery star before time runs out! A Cooperative Strategy Game for ages 7 and up. #26-2510.

Cookie Monster's Letter Crunch.™*** It's Cookie Time! Help Cookie Monster match words and letters to bake and eat cookies! A Basic Skills Game for ages 3-6. #26-2526.

·Joysticks required. · · Casselle recorder required. ···Joysticks and cassette recorder required. the Educational Software You Want.

Why feed quarters into video game Gomoku and Renju. The classic ori­ Slay the Nerius.• Defend your sub­ machines when you can bring arcade­ ental game of strategy! Block your op­ marines against deadly starfish and style thrills into your own living room ponent while the ancient with Radio Shack's exciting Color attempting to seaworm-the Computer games. They can provide place five of your fearsome Nerius, hours of fun for the whole family. own men in a row a creepy nemesis Hours of fun. from the Deep. Low As #26-3069. $19.95 #26-3086. $24.95 1995 Double Back.• As you "double back" Star Blaze.• Protect the Milky Way! Canyon Climber.• An action game to catch your own tail, try to encircle Radar shows menacing vessels with a difference. As a cliff hanger, the "safe" screen nearby. Seek, de­ you're challenged objects to gain stroy and check by one test after points in this tricky radar again. Red another-kicking game. Challenges alert! There's no goats, zinging ar­ mount as you play. let up in the excite- rows and falling #26-3091. $19.95 ment. #26-3094. 1.....!J1 • �••1-.J objects! #26-3089. $19.95 $34.95

Dungeons of Daggorath. • You're pit­ Baseball. Nine innings of fun! You're ZAXXON.• • • The official home ver­ ted against a succession of awesome in full control of this realistic simulation sion of the great arcade favorite by beasts. Each vic­ of America's Num­ Sega! Match wits tory brings you ber One sport, with the deadly closer to your ulti­ both behind the ZAXXON Robot! mate opponent­ plate and on the Challenges esca­ the evil wizard! field. #26-3095. late as you pro­ #26-3093. $29.95 $24.95 gress. 32K re­ quired. #26-3062. $34.95

Available at over 1100 Radio Shack Computer Centers and at participating Radio Shack stores and dealers

.,.. 4 ltad1e lhaeK COMPUTERA DIVISION OF TANDY CENTERSCORPORATION ------, - - -- -, NEW 1984 TRS-80 CATALOG RSC-1 1. I Send me a free copy today. I I \ I Mail To: Radio84-A-925 Shaek \ I Dept. I 300 One Tandy Center I Fort Worth, Texas 76102 I

I NAME I

I ADDRESS I I I I CITY STATE_ZIP ___ 1 I TELEPHONE L ______J\ Prices apply at participating Radio Shack stores and dealers. Muppet charac1ers are trademarks of Muppets, Inc. All rights re­ served. ZAXXON is a registered trademark of Sega licensed to Datasolt, Inc. __ _ Feedback ______----, Continued from p. 8 Table Of POKE 'Pinion

model you have. Or load a program Machine-Language After finding two references to the high-speed POKE 65495,0 in the Feb­ such as VIP Writer or Telewriter-64 Contents and see your buffer capacity. ruary HO T Coco , I thought I should Neil Edward Parks After I got a good monitor pro­ write and explain a problem I've had Beachwood, OH gram, I went back through my old with it. HO T CoCos looking for machine-lan­ If I type in a listing, add the POKE, run the program, and CSA it, I'll guage programs that I couldn't type in VE MC-10 Real-World before. It would have been a big help get an 1/0 error when I try to CLOAD Interfacing if the Table of Contents somehow in­ it. The problem seems to come from dicated those programs that are in ma­ running the program with the POKE As an outgrowth of my electronics chine language. in before you save it. hobby, I bought an MC-10 because Andre w Athan To avoid this problem-and losing it's cheap enough to talce apart and Pelham Manor, NY your program-first type the listing as tinker with. Now I'd like to find ways is, then check it and run it. When to interface my machine with the real you're satisfied that is as it should We'll include this information when all be, add the POKE to the listing and world. So far, I haven't had much compile our cumulative index.-eds. luck, and I'd appreciate any informa­ we CSA VE. tion anyone out there can give. Wayne McA rthur Vincent Messina Saskatoon, Saskatchewan 20 Giannone Road Wayne, NJ 07470 On-Line On Overlays One Year, Two CoCos And My First I'd like to let software and hard­ Do you operate a BBS? Connect HOT CoCo ware manufacturers in on a particular with readers through a letter to After a year and two CoCos, my ex­ Feedback. consumer need. I've given my CoCo a citement over these terrific machines full-stroke keyboard, and use the ma­ continues to grow. Friends with IBM chine for both hobby and serious ap­ PCs are amazed that the CoCo has plications. Some of the more serious Color-80 of Syracuse such versatility-for l/lOth the price. programs I have come with keyboard The Color-80 of Syracuse is a Elliot's letter in the March issue overlays, but these helpful features no Mr. new, 24-hour CoCo BBS. We fea­ ("Better Resolution," HO T CoCo , p. longer fit over my upgrade, nor do ture uploading, downloading, 13) was a good one. How about some they work on the newer, white CoCos. news, sports, merchandise, email, information on interfacing the CoCo Granted, it's not a big deal, but a and more. We welcome types of (with hardware, if necessary) to RGB new method for labeling keys would all computers. or Composite monitors? I've often be handy, and it would also be a sell­ wondered about 80 columns myself. (I KrisOlms tead, Sysop ing point that could make one product know, buy an IV ....) a little more attractive than another. Syracuse, NY 315-487-0503 (BBS) The article on "Coco World Con­ Joey Chevere trol" (HO T CoCo , March 1984, p. 72) Waukegan, IL was great. I'll be very interested in fol-

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2 FROM l\1icrol\1anagerrient FREE UPON REQUEST Color FROM •DISCOUNT PRICE LIST ANO INFORMATION KIT . Systems, Inc. •COPY OF MFR'S WARRANTY Color Computer.. SCALL Epson ...... 1CALL PRICES ANO PRODUCTS ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE . 2803 Thomasville Road East Color Disc ...... SCALL SCM TP-11 ...... 1CALL Cairo, Georgia 31 728 WITHOUT NOTICE. . TELEMARKET DEPT. DMP 120 Printer.. 1CALL Gemini lOX .....1CALL 7 12 HOT CoCo June 1984 3 display formats: 51/64/85 64K COMPATIBLE File and 1/0 Features: ASCII format files - • create and edit BASIC, Assembly, Pascal, and C columns x 24 lines Te lewriter-64 runs fully in any Color Computer programs, Smart Terminal files (for uploading or True lower case characters - 16K, 32K, or 64K, with or without Extended downloading), even text files from other word • Basic, with disk or cassette or both. It processors. Compatible with spelling checkers (like User-friendly full-screen automatically configures itself to take optimum Spell 'n Fix). • editor advantage of all available memory. That means Cassette verify command for sure saves. Cassette auto­ that when you upgrade your memory, the retry means you type a load command only once no Right ustification matter where you are in the tape. • Telewriter-64 text buffer grows accordingly. In j a 64K cassette based system, for example, you Read in, save, partial save, and append files with disk Easy hyphenation and/or cassette. For disk: print directory with free get about 40K of memory to store text. So you • space to screen or printer, kill and rename files, set Drives any printer don't need disk or FLEX to put all your 64K default drive. Easily customized to the number of • to work immediately. Embedded format and drives in the system. • control codes 64 COLUMNS (AND 85!) Editing features: Fast, full-screen editor with Besides the original 51 column screen, word wrap, block copy, block move, block delete, line delete, global search and replace (or delete), wild card Runs in 16K, 32K, or 64K Te lewriter-64 now gives you 2 additional high­ • search, fast auto-repeat cursor, fast scrolling, cursor density displays: 64 24 and 85 24! ! Both Menu-driven disk and x x up, down, right, left, begin line, end line, top of text, • high density modes provide all the standard cassette bottom of text; page forward, page backward, align I I 0 Te lewriter editing capabilities, and you can text, tabs, choice of buff or green background, No hardware modifications switch instantly to any of the 3 formats with a complete error protection, line counter, word counter, • single control key command. space left, current file name, default drive in effect, required set line length on screen. The 51 x 24 display is clear and crisp on the screen. The two high density modes are more Insert or delete text anywhere on the screen without THE ORIGINAL crowded and less easily readable, but they are changing "modes." This fast "free-form" editor Simply stated, Te lewriter is the most powerful perfect for showing you the exact layout of provides maximum ease of use. Everything you do appears immediately on the screen in front of you. word processor you can buy for the TRS-80 your printed page, all on the screen at one Commands require only a single key or. a single key Color Computer. The original Telewriter has time. Compare this with cumbersome plus CLEAR. received rave reviews in every major Color "windows" that show you only fragments at a Computer and TRS-80 magazine, as well as time and don't even allow editing. enthusiastic praise from thousands of satisfied RIGHT JUSTIFICATION owners. And rightly so . HYPHENATION & The standard Color Computer display of 32 One outstanding advantage of the full-width ...trul y a state of the art word processor ... outstanding in every respect. characters by 16 lines without lower case is screen display is that you can now set the - The RAINBOW, Jan. 1982 simply inadequate for serious word processing. screen width to match the width of your The checkerboard letters and tiny lines give you printed page, so that "what you see is what PROFESSIONAL no feel for how your writing looks or reads. you get." This makes exact alignment of WORD PROCESSING Te lewriter gives the Color Computer a 51 columns possible and it makes hyphenation You can no longer afford to be without the column by 24 line screen display with true simple. power and efficiency word processing brings to lower case characters. So a Te lewriter screen Since short lines are the reason for the large everything you write. The TRS-80 Color looks like a printed page, with a good chunk of spaces often found in standard right justified Computer is the lowest priced micro with the text on screen at one time. In fact, more on text, and since hyphenation is the most capability for serious word processing. And screen text than you'd get with Apple II, Atari, effective way to eliminate short lines, only Telewriter-64 fully unleashes that Tl, Vic or TRS-80 Model Ill. Telewriter-64 can now promise you some of the capability. best looking right justification you can get on On top of that, the sophisticated Te lewriter Telewriter-64 costs $49.95 on cassette, $59.95 the Color Computer. full-screen editor is so simple to use, it makes on disk, and comes complete with over 70 writing fun. With single-letter mnemonic FEATURES SPECIFICATIONS: pages of well-written documentation. (The step­ commands, and menu-driven 1/0 and & by-step tutorial will have your writing with Printing and formatting: Drives any printer fo rmatting, Te lewriter surpasses all others for (LPVll/Vlll, DMP-100/200, Epson, Okidata, Telewriter-64 in a matter of minutes.) user friendliness and pure power. Centronics, NEC, C. ltoh, Smith-Corona, To order, send check or money order to: Te lewriter's chain printing feature means that Terminet, etc). Cognitec the size of your text is never limited by the Embedded control codes give full dynamic access to amount of memory you have, and Telewriter's intelligent printer fe atures like: underlining, N. Nob St. subscript, superscript, variable font and type size, dot­ 704 advanced cassette handler gives you a powerful Del Mar, CA 92014 .,,.. 121 word processor without the major additional graphics, etc. Or check your local software store. If you have cost of a disk. Dynamic (embedded) format controls for: top, bottom, and left margins; line length,. lines per page, questions, or would like to order by Visa or line spacing, new page, change page numbering, Mastercard, call us at (619) 755-1258 conditional new page, enable/disable justification. (weekdays, 8AM-4PM PST). Dealer inquiries ... one of the best programs fo r the Color Menu-driven control of these parameters, as well as: invited . Computer I have seen ... pause at page bottom, page numbering, baud rate (so (Add $2 for shipping. Californians add 60/o state tax. Allow 2 - Color Computer News, Jan. 1982 you can run your printer at top speed), and Epson weeks for personal checks. Send self-addressed stamped font. "Typewriter" fe ature sends typed lines directly envelope for Telewriter reviews from CCN, RAINBOW, TELEWRITER-64 to your printer, and Direct mode sends control codes 80-Micro, 80-U.S. Telewriter owners: send SASE or call for right from the keyboard. Special Epson driver information on upgrading to Telewriter-64. Telewriter­ But now we've added more power to simplifies use with MX-80. compatible spelling checker (Spell 'n Fix) and Smart Terminal Te lewriter. Not just bells and whistles, but program (Colorcom/E) also available. Call or write for more Supports single and multi-line headers and automatic major features that give you total control over information.) centering. Print or save all or any section of the text Apple is a trademark of Apple Computer, Inc.; Atari is a 11 your writing. We call this new supercharged buffer. Chain print any number of files from cassette trademark of Atari, Inc.: TRS-80 is a trademark of Tandy version Te lewriter-64. For two reasons. or disk. Corp; MX-80 is a trademark of Epson America, Inc. Feedback ______, low-up applications. But it take 126 PA$ =PA$+ HB$+ " ":DA=DA+ I: print and other programs to work with will me awhile to build and debug the NEXT it. I'd appreciate anyhelp any of your hardware, so there's no rush. 341 LPRINTBA$" "FI$" "SE$ readers can give me. I'd also like to This my first issue-does the ex­ 845 IF C$ = "E" THEN CLS : END swap information about either of my is 4340 00 00 00 00 00 43 59 00 00 83 4D citement show? 20 systems. 4F 53 Michael B. Gallagher 44 John Jenkins Frank Rees Mercer Island, WA RD 2, Box 331 Victoria, Australia Colliers, WV 26035 We 've published two articles, "Monochrome-Monitor Driver (HOT Ha ve you seen a copy of RUN­ CoCo, July 1983, p. 36) and "Color­ Basic Beat Wayne Green 's new magazinefo r the Monitor Driver August Commodore and VIC-20?-eds. (HOT CoCo, ()4. 1983, p. 98), both by Marty Good­ Factorials man, that tell how to interfa ce black- I enjoyed Lesson 9 of James and-white and composite monitors, · Wood's The Basic Beat (HO T coco , respectively.-eds. February 1984, p. 22), but I didn't see "Circuit Drawer" a routine to calculate factorials. To do To Disk the Way so (i.e., 5! =5*4*3*2* 1), use the fol­ All In lines 1590and 1600 of Mark Wil­ With lowing simple routine: 64K son's "Circuit Drawer" (HO T CoCo, I'm writing in praise of Richard Es­ 5 ?"ENTER NUMBER";: INPUT N February 1984, p. 58), change the T to posito's article, "64K Modification" IO X =O: B=I Tl to iet you save the program to disk. (HO T Co Co , July 1983, p. 44). I 15 A= (N - (X+ I)) John J. Hy dro B=B*A: X=X+ I bought a commercial 64K-upgrade kit 20 Easton, PA only to find that it wouldn't work. 25 IF A<> I THEN 15 Then I tried Esposito's method, 30 ?N;"! = ";N*B Mr. and my 64K machine was up and run­ ning in about 30 minutes. You can also use this routine with Computer Ed This was the first time I opened my the formula C =N!/ (R!*(N - R)!) to CoCo-l'm definitely not an electri­ calculate combinations. For example, For the Economic ally cian. Any novice who wants to up­ how many five-card hands can you Disadvantaged grade his system would do well to read deal from a 52-card deck? This for­ the article. mula yields 52!/5!*47!, or 2,598,960 San Pablo Institute, a nonprofit combinations of five-card hands. public charity, is forming a computer Gary McCarty N. education program for young people Hiawatha, KS Wayne Putnam Keene, NH who would otherwise be unable to af­ ford computers and instruction. The MC-10 Hex Dump program offers free instruction and an opportunity to meet and share ideas Thanks so much for John Cullings' Gosh ! MC-10 review (HOT Co Co , Septem­ with other young people interested in ber 1983, p. 66). It contains a wealth Whew! "Go" (HO T Coco , Febru­ computers. of information and was invaluable in ary 1984, p. 92) is one tough game, but The San Pablo Computer Club is helping me write a teletype printer I really enjoy it. Peter Holden deserves seeking donations of computers, pe­ program for my machine. credit for his creation. Now I have the ripherals, and software for hands-on March issue, and I'm looking forward learning and experimentation. do­ The Australian PAL version has six All more ICs, but looks and behaves the to all the articles. nations are tax-deductible, and we pay same. In most cases, a colon (:) re­ Gosh! When you said you would the shipping. places the ELSE command. double the usefulness of my CoCo, Get a tax break, plus the satisfac­ The modified monitor program is you weren't kidding. tion of knowing that the computer excellent, and you can make it even David Duncan you cut your teeth on is bringing the simpler by changing line 845 to the fol­ Longmeadow, .MA same experience to a kid who other­ lowing: wise wouldn't have had the chance. San Pablo Institute 845 IF C$ = "E" THEN CLS : END Info? 234 Mullen St. Gemini-lOX San Francisco, CA 94110 The following changes modify the HO T Coco is one of the primary will same program to let you dump hex, reasons I like my CoCo so much. I the address, extra space, and 16 char­ also have a Commodore 64 and would Send your letters to Feed­ acters per line to a line printer: like to find a magazine as good as Coco, yours for it. back, HOT 80 Pine 0 REM MODS TO MIMO I use a Gemini- printer with my IOX St., Peterborough, NH 03 458. 122 FOR X=1T08 CoCo and would like to find screen-

14 HOT CoCo June 1984 hard disk make you feel

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HOT CoCo June 1984 15 .- See List of Advertisers on page 99 NEWGO OD STUFF FOR EVERY COLOR COMPUTER Turn your Color Computer into a graphic design center with the ease of a keystroke' MagiGraph makes it simple to create highly detailed figures up to and including an entire high-resolution screen. Designed for those with some CSPOOL experience in Basic and Assembly Language programming, MagiGraph includes lots of special features: Color Computer Print Spooler

• A full set of logical and pixel manipulation functions simplifies the development of complex figures. Stop Wa iting Around for the Printer' CSPOOL allows you to use your printer and computer concurrently, takes only 26 bytes of Color Basie's memory, and • An editor lets you zoom in and work on every detail of your design. Toggle between the "macro" and "micro" screens for perspective on gives you 32K of print buffer. It's like having two computers in one' By your creations. intercepting characters sent to the printer and storing them in the upper 32K of

• Nine animation buffers allow you to preview each sequence to ensure RAM, CS POOL allows you to run other programs while your printer is doing its continuity and smooth flow. job. CSPOOL is FREE with the purchase of a 64K RAM UPGRADE KIT from The

• Versatile routines store a graphic screen on cassette or floppy disk; 1/0 Micro Works, or it may be purchased separately on cassette or diskette for recall it later for use by another program or revise it with MagiGraph . $19.95. Requires 64K; not for FLEX or OS9. If you 're looking for the finest graphic development utility available for your Color Computer. THIS IS IT. Maximize your machine's potential, while you 64K MEMORY UPGRADE KIT: For Rev. levels E, ET, NC, TDP-100s, and Color push your imagination to the limit - with MagiGraph' Computer II. Eight prime 64K RAM chips, instructions, and CSPOOL: $64.95. By Kevin Dooley. Cassette $34.95 (16K required ); Disk $39.95 (32K Ex­ tended Color BASIC required); Amdisk cartridge $44 .95.

MICRO WORKS COLOR FORTH

SYSTEMS SOFTWARE • Faster to program in than Basic HARDWARE MACRO-SOC: DISK-BAS ED EDITOR, PARALLEL PRINTER INTERFACE-Serial to parallel • Easier to learn than Assembly Language ASSEMBLER AND MONITOR-With all the converter allows use of all standard parallel • Executes in less time than Basic features the serious programmer wants. this printers. P180C plugs into the serial output port, package includes a powerful 2-pass macro The MICRO WORKS COLOR FORTH is a Rompack leaving your Rompack slot free. You supply the assembler with conditional assembly, local labels, containing everything you need to run Forth on your printer cable. PIBOC: $59.95 include files and cross referenced symbol tables. Color Computer. COLOR FORTH consists of the SUPER-PRO KEYBOARD-$69.95 (For computers MACRO-BOC supports the complete Motorola 6B09 standard Forth Interest Group (FIG) implementation manufactured after Oct. 19B2, add $4 .95) instruction set in standard source format. Incorpo­ of the language plus most of FORTH-79. It has a ROM LESS PACKS for your custom EPROMS - call rating all the features of our Rompack-based super screen editor with split screen display. Mass or write for information. assembler (SDS-BOC). MACRO-BOC contains many storage is on cassette. COLOR FORTH also contains more useful instructions and pseudo-ops which aid a decompiler and other aids for learning the inner the programmer and add power and flexibility. The workings of this fascinating language. It will run on l;r•r•Hfl6809 ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE PROGRAMMING, by screen-oriented editor is designed for efficient and 4K, 16K. and 32K computers. And COLOR FORTH Lance Leventhal, $18.95 easy editing of assembly language programs. contains 1 OK of ROM, leaving your RAM for your TRS-80 COLOR COMPUTER GRAPHICS, by Don MACRO-BOC allows global changes and moving/ programs 1 There are simple words to effectively use Inman, $14.95 copying blocks of text. You can edit lines of the Hi-Res Color Computer graphics, joysticks, and ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE GRAPHICS FOR THE assembly source which exceed 32 characters. sound. TRS-80 COLOR COMPUTER, by Don Inman, $14.95 DCBUG is a machine language monitor which allows Includes a 112-page manual with a glossary of STARTING FORTH, by L. Brodie, $17.95 examining and altering of memory, setting break the system-specific words, a full standard FIG points. etc. glossary and complete source listing Editor. assembler and monitor�along with MICRO WORKS COLOR FORTH ... THE BEST' ZAXXON-The real thing. Excellent. What more can From the leader in FORTH, Talbot Microsystems. ®Mfi sample programs-come on one Radio Shack com­ we say? Cassette requires 32K. $39.95 $109.95 patible disk. Extensive documentation included. By STAR BLASTER-Blast your way through an Andy Phelps. $99.95 asteroid field in this action-packed Hi-Res graphics MACHINE LANGUAGE SDS-80C: SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT MONITOR TAPE: A cassette tape which allows game. Available in ROM PAC K; requires 16K. SYSTEM-Our famous editor. assembler and you to directly access memory, 1/0 and registers $39.95 monitor in Rompack. Like MACRO-BOC, it allows with a formatted hex display. Great for machine lan­ PAC ATTACK-Try your hand at this challenging the user to write, assemble and debug assembly guage programming, debugging and learning. It game by Computerware, with fantastic graphics, language programs with no reloading, object patch­ can also send/receive RS232 at up to 9600 baud, sound and action1 Cassette requires 16K. $24.95 ing or other hassles. Supports full 6B09 instruction including host system download/upload. 19 com­ HAYWIRE-Have fun zapping robots with this Hi­ set. Complete manual included. $89.95 mands in all. Relocatable and reentrant. CBUG Res game by Mark Data Products. Cassette TAPE: $29.95 requires 16K. $24.95 MICROTEXT: COMMUNICATIONS VIA MONITOR ROM: The same program as above, ADVENTURE-Black Sanctum and Calixto Island by YOUR MODEM! Now you can use your printer supplied in 2716 EPROM. This allows you to use Mark Data Products. Each cassette requires 16K. with your modem' Your computer can be an intelli­ the entire RA'vl space. And you don't need to re­ $19.95 each. gent printing terminal. Talk to timeshare services or load the monitor each time you use it. The EPROM CAVE HUNTER-Experience vivid colors, bizarre to other personal computers; print simultaneously plugs into the Extended Basic ROM Socket or the sounds and eerie creatures as you wind your way through a second printer port; and re-display text Romless Pack CBUG ROM: $39.95 through a cave maze in search of gold treasures. I. stored in memory. Download text to Basic pro­ SOURCE GENERATOR: This package is a disas­ This exciting Hi-Res game by Mark Data Products grams; dump to a cassette tape, or printer, or both. sembler which runs on the Color Computer and requires 16K for cassette version. $24.95 Microtext can be used with any printer or no printer generates your own source listing of the BASIC at all. It features user-configurable duplex/parity interpreter ROM. Also included is a documentation for special applications. and can send any ASCII package which gives useful ROM entry points, character. You'll find many uses for this general complete memory map, 1/0 hardware details and purpose module' ROMPACK includes additional more. A 16K system is required for the use of this serial port for printer. $59. 95 cassette. BOC Disassembler: $49.95

16 HOT CoCo June 1984 KNOSSOS LABYRINTH

by Richard Ramella

lmer went to Greece on vacation Eand guess who got stuck running stop the mayhem. Then I stopped my­ the arcade? I'm always "Guess Who" self. in such situations. The little kid was laughing because "Well, of course, Elmer. I've been

It drove me nuts-that cacophony the bearlike figure was tickling . sitting here for 30 days thinking of him of jangling coins, bells, whistles, and "Stop it, Uncle Elmer!" yelled the kid nothing else! I haven't even eaten for yelps. The breaking point came on the in delight. pondering what marvelous trinket will 13th day, when a kid about 7 years old I looked closely. Behind the tan vis­ soon be mine!" swaggered up to the counter and said, age and under the travel-rumpled "Shell shock," he muttered. He "Hey, mister, these slugs don't work white-linen suit, was Elmer. Elmer paused to pass out some change to in the Felix-the-Cat-movie machine." was back ! I could leave now. "It was waiting customers, then dug into his "You're supposed to use pennies, horrible, and good-bye," I said, luggage.

not slugs! Get out of here, you dimin­ throwing the change apron at . him utive creep!" "What's the problem?" he asked. With a guarded smirk, the kid "I need a rest, Elmer." System Requirements backed toward the door. A large form Elmer put his bags behind the 16K RAM appeared behind . The boy counter, lit a cigar stub and tied the him screamed as he was scooped ceil­ change apron around ample mid­ Extended Color Basic his ingward . dle. "Don't you even want to what Joysticks (optional) see I ran from behind the counter to I brought you from Greece?"

HOT CoCo Jun� 1984 17 I

--·· ·--- - ···-.

Guaranteed to make your TRS-80 Color Computer* siz­ Join in the color explosion with HOT CoCo today! Take zle with color, HOT CoCo magazine is informative, inter­ advantage of our money saving offer, 12 issues for $24.97. esting, and just for the Color Computer. You'll A issue is yours FREE with pre-payment (check or best of all 13th look forward to HOT CoCo month after month because it credit card) . Use the attached order form, the coupon has something for everyone, from the novice right on up to below, or call toll free 1-800-258-5473. the expert. HOT CoCo gives you: (In NH. call 1-924-9471) ...,., " r------: •PROGRAMMING TECHNIQUES TUTORIALS­ & . Co that promise to make you a superior programmer. •UTILITIES-to save you time and effort on all your • I want my . __ YEColorS' Computer to sizzle ··E'c"'' - . ., 7, ,,.,., routine tasks. ��:�-:::;.i �suild� a voice Ba � •EXPERTLY WRITTEN COLUMNS-including WI'th CO Of. I Uil d erstan d -·""' -.: Graph1cs1 ����1e-•'-"' °""u . ---··cre�-'�ate a �o.. ocMa to� . 1 """' s erpl c1 that with payment enc l o 1...., �· e BASIC, GRAPHICS, FLEX and GAMES. sed >""�··· i:-: .-··· :·=.:-;::,, 1&�� •HARDWARE CONSTRUCTION-ideas on inter­ .o< crnilit ca.cl o'de, I will =� & � facing and enhancing to make building projects a receive a free issue making a -· --- ·..- · · · ' ��-:::,:..-;;. breeze. '\:.'1:·;;.. i? ."" total of issues for ' ' 13 $24.97. -:::"'"'" /.iD · •EDUCATIONAL APPLICATIONS-will stimulate ::--II��·- .• (;) l�il':<.� \\ � ra�p'-'1 ..._ and encourage imaginative thinking in your child. - - ·�-u�::·n,._, i���r=� �\\\�· ... � �.. "" i - �0• ...... /],J/17-·. c..::.: · � PL US -----�--:::,:::�...... •BUSINESS PROGRAMS-sure to make you a star at CHECK/MO MC VISA BILL ME the office. D D D D AE D I •FEATURES ON COLOR APPLICATIONS-make I card # ______exp . date__ your computer reach its full potential and get your signature I money's worth from your machine. I name.______•BUYER'S GUIDES PRODUCT REVIEWS-now I & address ______you can stop running around comparing prices and I city ______state ___ zip _____ products and start running your computer. I Canada Mexico yr. only, U.S. ft

having your own private consultant-free! • TRS-80 Color Computer is a trademark of Radio Shack, a division of Tandy Corp. 346F4 I ___ _ .______.______.I 18 HOT CoCo Jun� 1984 Out came a smallE:.. box.��----l I fumbled it cemented in my mind . " 'It 's not just a toy, ' open. Inside was a red wooden con­ tainer with a clear plastic cover. Be­ The Grune he said. 'It 's myth, neath the cover was a beautiful cir­ I'm pleased to report Elmer has adventure, a glimpse cular maze formed of round wooden again provided a wonderful inspira­ walls . The object was to take several tion. Here's how to play Knossos of the misty past. ' " ball bearings to the center, the heart of Labyrinth, which requires 16K Ex­ the maze. tended Color Basic. Type RUN and "Very nice, Elmer. Thank you very tap enter. KNOSSOS, the name of the much." game, appears on a green screen along "It's a small labyrinth," he said. with the following prompt: OY­ "Labyrinth is from the Greek word STICK OR ANUAL? a bull's-eye design with 23 walls is labyrinthos. I was just in Greece, you The two legal answers to the prompt drawn. Then a series of openings and know." When I nodded, he went on. are J and M. new walls are drawn within it. "According to Greek legend, Daede­ If you choose the joystick, plug a While the circle maze is being lus built a labyrinth for the Cretan joystick into the right joystick port. drawn, you see a dot frozen in po­ will King Minos, who needed it to impris­ Hold the controller in your hand so sition to the right of the vertical line on on the Minotaur, a monster. Later, the red button is facing away from a level with the bottom of the K in Theseus, who was the son of a Greek you. KNOSSOS. This dot is you. When the king, found his way into and out of If you choose manual, you be maze is complete, the dot begins to will the labyrinth with the help of a ball of pressing the four directional arrows to move. You can control the direction yarn given him by Ariadne, Minos' travel. of travel by using the movement mode daughter. Theseus slew the Mino­ When you have made your choice, you've chosen-joystick or manual. taur." the program goes into the highest The object is to travel to the exact "I'm interested, Elmer, but the available resolution. At screen left , center of the maze. When you strike stage is getting crowded." KNOSSOS is written vertically. A line the center, the display freezes and a "Look up the cast at the library, " is drawn down the screen at the right series of beeps sound. You have won. he said. "Anyway, many years later, of this word. To the right of the line Tap the break key to start another archaeologists found a palace that's thought to be the Cretan labyrinth. It's located near Knossos." 100 REM * KNOSSOS LABYRINTH * TR 410 NEXT "Wow!" I said, falling back into S-80 EXTENDED COLOR BASIC * 420 FOR X=4 TO 92 STEP 2 110 REM * ELMER'S ARCADE * JUNE 430 G=RND (0) Civil War slang. "And you went there '84 * RICHARD RAMELLA * 440 IF GS+l THEN 430 and saw it?" 120 DATA 15 ,4,10,27,13 ,17,30,4,2 450 S=G 1,13 ,26 ,27,15,29,10 ,52 460 HJ=HJ+l "I didn't say that . Truth is, I made 130 DATA 15 ,29,18,52,18,52,23,30 470 IF X>5 AND HJ/2=INT (HJ/2) TH some friends in Piraeus. We sat on a ,15,54,8,62,8,62,15,79 EN FOR E=X-1 TO X+l: CIRCLE(l60, 140 DATA 15,79,22,63 ,22,63,l5,54 96) ,E,l,l,G,G+.02: NEXT E ELSE C verandah and had refreshments and ,22,79,8,89,8,89,20,94 IRCLE(l60,96) ,X,0,l,G,G+.0199 talked." 150 DATA 20,94,8,104 ,22,104,8,ll 480 NEXT X "For a month?" 4,8,114 ,20,119,20,119,8,129 490 A=7 0 160 DATA 15,12 9,8,137,8,137 ,15,1 500 B=25 "Have I been gone that long? Yeah, 54,15,154 ,22,138 510 PSET(A,B,3) :IFA=l60ANDB=96TH I suppose so." 170 DATA ?.2,138,15,129,22,154,8, EN650 164,8,164,20 ,170,20,170,6,l79 520 IF A$="J" THEN 570 "So you didn't see the labyrinth." 180 U$=CHR$(94) 530 B$=INKEY$ ''The story was told to me by a reli­ 190 D$=CHR$ ( 10) 540 IF LL<2 AND B$="P" THEN FOR 200 L$=CHR$( 8) VV=l TO 5: CIRCLE(A,B) ,VV, 8: SOU able source. And I did pick up this 210 R$=CHR$ ( 9) ND 100,l: NEXT VV: LL=LL+l maze in one of the best souvenir shops 220 DIM S ( 92) 550 IF B$<>"" THEN GOSUB 670 230 CLS 560 GOTO 580 in the town." 240 PRINT 236,"KNOSSOS"; 570 M=JOYSTK (0) :N=JOYSTK (l) @ "I am, as usual, touched by your 250 PRINT 290,""; 580 P=A:Q=B 260 INPUT "<@ J>OYSTICK OR ANUA 590 IFM<31.5ANDPPOINT(A-l ,B) =0TH thoughtfulness, Elmer." L" ;A$ ENA=A-1 He eyed me carefully, ready to 270 IF A$<>"J" AND A$<>"M" THEN 600 IFM>31. 5ANDPPOINT(A+l ,B) =0TH 230 ENA=A+l pounce if he saw a scintilla of sarcasm. 280 FOR A=l TO 92 610 IFN>31.5ANDPPOINT (A,B+l ) =0TH But I wastouched . 290 READ S (A) ENB=B+l 300 NEXT 620 IFN<31.5ANDPPOINT(A,B-1) =0TH "It's not just a toy," he said. "It's 310 PMODE 4,1 ENB=B-1 myth, adventure, a glimpse of the 320 PCLS 630 PRESET {P,Q) 330 SCREEN 1,0 640 GOTO 510 misty past." . 340 PSET(70,25,3) 650 SOUND RND(8)*13,l "Yeah," I agreed, "and it's a new 350 LINE(50,0)-(256,192) ,PSET,B 660 GOTO 650 360 FOR A=l TO 89 STEP 4 670 IF B$=U$ THEN N=30 ELSE IF B computer game for certain." 370 LINE (S(A) ,S(A+l) ) -(S(A+2) ,S( $=D$ THEN N=32 ELSE IF B$=L$ THE "Oh no!" Elmer smote his brow. A+3)) ,PSET N M=30 ELSE IF B$=R$ THEN M=32 380 NEXT A 680 RETURN I barely took notice. "I haven't 390 FOR X=4 TO 92 STEP 4 6 90 END fooled with round shapes too much, 400 CIRCLE(l60,96} ,X but the CoCo does have the CIRCLE command... " I wandered away, the Program Listing title "Knossos Labyrinth" already

HOT CoCo June 1984 19 game. You haven't won until you hear that spell the word KNOSSOS on the circumference. Because it increments the beeps. graphics screen. by 2, it in turn find a wall and will In some games a sneaky thing oc­ The circle maze's creation starts open it, then a passageway, which it curs. You may find there is absolutely with the outward building of the blocks. There is usually an open way no way to enter the next inner cicle of bull's-eye display in the loop going to the center. If not, you have your the maze. For this reason, I'm going two firecrackers. to equip you with two firecrackers. If If you prefer fast arcade games, I you reach a wall that has no opening, invite you to rename this game Nebula tap P for pow, and a hole be of Doom and regard the dot moving will blown in the wall against which the ulf you prefe r to the center as a spacecraft traveling player piece rests. Five beeps at Warp-Woof speed. That should be will fas t arcade games, sound. You can only do this twice a fast enough foryou . game . I in vite you to The player piece is given impulse to That's all there is to it, except for rename this game move in only four directions: north­ the fact that maneuvering becomes east, northwest, southeast, and south­ tougher as you move toward the cen­ Nebula of Doom ... west. It not travel through walls, " will ter of the maze. It is more diffi cult to and there be times when apparent will playing manually than with the wall openings prove to be open except win joystick. for one small brick that denies en­ Some program notes are in order. from lines 390 to 410. The 23 walls go trance. But keep looking around. Re­ This program does a good job for from diameters of 4 to 92 by incre­ member, it wasn't easy for Theseus all its brevity, and I must give most of ments of fo ur. eitht:r. • the credit to the diffe rent ways the The openings and blocked passages CIRCLE command can be used in Ex­ are created in the loop in lines tended Color Basic. 420-480. Line 420 starts the program Address correspondence to Richard First, the data in lines 120-170 are checking outward from the center of Ramella, 1493 Mt. View Ave., Ch ico, the coordinates for line commands the circle at random points around the CA 95926.

20 HOT CoCo June 1984 TEN MOST-ASKED QUESTIONS about DYIACALCTM THE ELECTRONIC SPREAD-SHEET FOR 6809 COMPUTERS

What Is an electronic spread-sheet, anyway? 6. Wiii DYNACALC read my existing data flies? 1. Business people use spread-sheets to organize You bet! DYNACALC has a beautifully simple columns and rows of figures. DYNACALC simulates method of reading and writing data files, so you the operation of a spread-sheet without the mess can communicate both ways with other programs of paper and pencil. Of course, corrections and on your system, such as the Text Editor, Text ™ changes are a snap. Changing any entered value Processor, sort/ Merge, STYLOGRAPH word ™ causes the whole spread-sheet to be re-calculated processor, RMS data base system, or other based on the new constants. This means that you programs written in BASIC, C, PASCAL, FORTRAN, and can play, 'What if?' to your heart's content. so on.

DYNACALC Just for accountants, then? HOW fast Is DYNACALC? 2. Is 7. Not at all. DYNACALC can be used for just about any very. Except for a few seldom-used commands, type of job. Not only numbers, but alphanumeric DYNACALC is memory-resident, so there is little disk messages can be handled. Engineers and other 1/0 to slow things down. The whole data array technical users will love DYNACALC's sixteen-digit !worksheet) is in memory, so access to any point is math and built-in scientific functions. You can build instantaneous. DYNACALC is 100% 6809 machine worksheets as large as 256 columns or 256 rows. code for blistering speed. There·s even a built-in sort command, so you can use DYNACALC to manage small data bases - up to B. Is there a version of DYNACALC for MY system? 256 records. Probably. You need a 6809 com uter !32k ™ M ™ minimum> with FLEX , UniFLEX.g , or os-9 What Wiii DYNACALC do for ME? operating system. You also need a decent crt 3. That's a good question. Basically the answer is that terminal, one with at least 80 characters per line, DYNACALC will let your computer do just about and direct cursor addressing. If your terminal isn't anything you can imagine. Ask your friends who smart enough for DYNACALC, you probably need a ™ have VisiCalc , or a similar program, just how new one anyway. The UniFLEX and OS-9 versions of useful an electronic spread-sheet program can be DYNACALC allow you to mix different brands of for all types of household, business, engineering, terminal on the same system. There's also a special and scientific applications. Typical uses include version of DYNACALC for color computers equipped financial planning and budgeting, sales records, with FLEX !Frank Hogg or Data-comp versionsL bills of material, depreciation schedules, student grade records, job costing, income tax preparation, 9. HOW much does DYNACALC cost? checkbook balancing, parts inventories, and payroll. The FLEX versions are just 5200 per copy; UniFLEX But there is no limit to what YOU can do with version 5395; OS-9 version

Center Computer Systems Olive Blvd. Order your DYNACALC today! 13461 Chesterfield, MO 6301 7 1314> 576-5020 Foreign Dealers:

Australia southeast Asia: order from Paris Radio Elec­ & uniFLEX software prices Include maintenance for tronics, 161 Bunnerong Road !PO Box 380l Kingsford, the first year. 2032 NSW Australia. Telephone: 02-344-91 11. DYNACALC IS a trademark Of united Kingdom: order from Compusense, Ltd ., PO computer systems Center Box 169, London N13 4HT. Telephone: 01 -882-0681 . VlslCalc Is a trademark of VlslCorp. Scandinavia: order from Swedish Electronics hk AB, STYLOGRAPH Is a trademark of Great Plains computer Co. RMS Is a trademark of Washington computer services. Murargatan 23-25, Uppsala s-754 37 Sweden. Tele­ FLEX and UnlFLEX are trademarks of TSC. phone: 18-25-30-00. 05-9 Is a trademark of Mlcroware and Motorola.

,,. See List of Advertisers on page HOT CoCo Jun� 1984 21 99 REVIEW

STUART HAWKINSON BY

THE (WORD-PROCESSING) POWER ELITE

ease of use documentation Elite-Word features an both an introduction to word process­ performance error handling ing and a reference guide to the pro­ I J impressive list of options for gram. It begins with a short tutorial, 10 9 a text editor suited to home leading you through a quick session 8 with a sample text file. After introduc­ 7 and small business uses. ing you to most of the commands, the 6 ! 5 manual discusses those commands in 4 " .. .··. reference-style format. Separate chap­ 3 . • . that provides complete control of cur­ ters cover screen editing, imbedded for­ 2 . ., . . . <• 1 ... sor movement throughout the text. Not mat controls, and variable text (loading Application Software only can you move the cursor with the from alternate disk files). arrow keys, but you can jump forward The manual also discusses printer or backward one page, or to the begin­ Elite-Word codes, errors, and the driver program. Elite Software ning or end ·of the file, with simple one­ A quick-reference section contains a Box 11224 or two-key commands. summary of all the commands and con­ Pittsburgh, PA 15238 Elite-Word is packed with many well­ trol keys. Although there is no index, 32K, Extended Color Basic designed, smoothly operating features. the extensive table of contents serves the $59.95 cas.5ette or disk The program is all machine language same purpose. Elite-Word's display is and integrated with Extended Color Ba­ a high-resolution, 32-character-per-line sic (or Disk Basic in the disk version). lite-Word is a terrific word pro­ format. The font is a well-formed up­ It's small enough to be in memory at all cessor with an impressive list of fea­ per/lowercase set, with two-pixel de­ times, so you don't need to load over­ Etures, yet it's easy to learn and use. It scenders (very easy to read). You have lays to the program when new functions won't do everything that a professional the choice of a black-on-green or black­ are called for. office system can do, but it can handle on-buff screen, and by adj usting the most needs in the home and small busi­ You load the program by running a color and brightness controls of your ness environment. simple Basic driver that sets Elite-Word TV or monitor, you can get a wide vari­ Gone are the multiple menus that to your printer specifications. The man­ ety of comfortable displays. read like an adventure game. Gone, ual clearly shows how to customize the Other options include word-wrap too, are the problems of formatting text program to use your particular printer (on/off) and a special carriage return and wondering what the printed page codes for alternate fonts and special (CR) display (on/off). This latter op­ look like. Elite-Word shows you the character sets. You can also imbed these tion is especially important when for­ will final version right on the screen, and codes in the file to change the font for matting text. You need to place return that feature alone is worth the price. any string of characters in the text. The characters exactly to control paragraphs You also get super keyboard response driver program also sets the baud rate and separate lines. It is sometimes diffi­ and the ability to merge text files. for your printer, if desired. cult with other systems to tell where Elite-Word is a full-screen text editor The Elite-Word manual serves as return characters are inserted in the text. 22 HOT CoCo June 1984 The Commands immeiliate control anywhere in the text. with the text in the default mode. Tills Elite-Word begins in the command You can insert commands to center text, makes it unnecessary to reenter the op­ mode, and hjtting the enter key lets you change line or page formatting, or re­ tions each time you read a file. scroll through the command prompts quest special fonts, as well as send any Elite-Word lets you choose the pages and serves as a simple help screen, mak­ sequence of special characters to the you want to print. That, combined with ing recalling commands a breeze. printer for control. a pause after each page, lets you print The program offers several options A special feature of Elite-Word al­ selected pages, so you save time and to search forcharacter strings. The find lows for changes in letter size (double paper during the editing process. command locates any string of charac­ width) to correlate with line length. You The most impressive feature of Elite­ ters, whkh you can then edit, change, don't have to explicitly change line Word is its ability to display your for­ or delete. This useful command lets you lengths after imbedding control codes. matted text just as it be printed. will globally replace text and This view option displays word changes painless. the text in a special 64-char­ makes The editing modes are acter-per-line format . The fa st and efficient and dis­ small characters are diffi­ play on the top line the cult to read, but are clear number of characters left in enough to give you an idea [ J P I memory and how many of the final printed form. �- I lJ t characters you are from the You can scroll from be­ beginning of the file. You ginning to end in this mode. can maillpulate your text However, you can't go back­ with a versatility and sim­ wards in the file. The view plicity that isn 't always easy option also displays page to find on the Color Com­ breaks as dashed lines. puter, with its lack of a set Elite-Word also provides of dedicated control keys. an option to include other A simple agrun command files in the printing routine. tells you where a string next You can irnbed names of occurs. However, when you files to be inserted into your use the change command, text. This makes the inclu­ you will delete the chosen sion of "boiler plate" text string everywhere it ap­ in reports a snap. pears . It would be ruce if You can also read and in­ you could choose wruch ap- Fig . Texr-Formar Screen sert individual lines of text 2. pearances of a certrun string from a designated variable­ you wanted to delete. Program Functions text file. Adding files in the edit mode is But one of Elite-Word's most serious The disk version of Elite-Word is en­ limjted to appending files at the end of editing problems occurs with the find hanced by several commands. You can the current text. So, you can only insert command. It appears to be one of soft­ view the directory and free space on new text in the print mode. ware's most common illlments: off by each drive, as well as set the default­ Some features are rillssing or are dif­ one. drive number. ficult to accomplish with Elite-Word. Sometimes when you try to find, When saving text files, you can There is no provision to automatically change, or delete a string, you don't get choose from compact binary or ASCII print headers or footers in the docu­ what you expected. Say your search file storage. You can also save files in ment . The best you can manage is to string "low," and you have words like their printed format, although you carefully insert header (or footer) lines is "lower" and "yellow" in your text. can't reload this format without losing manually in the text. You can read them Most text editors find all "low" the format control codes. Specifying file from a variable-text file, but you must will combinations in the text, but Elite-Word types and extensions is not necessary, if imbed the commands at just the right fails to find the "low" in "yellow. " you rely on the default values. You spots, and you must do this tedious pro­ The problem is with the double can't delete or rename files directly cess exactly at page breaks to be ef­ 1 in "yellow." Apparently, Elite-Word from Elite-Word. However, you can ex­ fective. doesn't reset a pointer correctly after it it to Basic and perform these opera­ Elite-Word also lacks the ability to finds that the first doesn't fit with the tions. automatically indent specified levels, as 1 rest of the search string. As a result, the FJexjble formatting is another of in an outline or techmcal presentation. program skjps over the next and re­ Elite-Word's strong points. When you You have to manually insert the in­ 1 will sumes the search at o. Therefore, it never are ready to print or view the formatted dentation in the text. It does not have finds the correct combination. file, the program offers a full menu of two-column formatting, proportional If you search for "low" in a text file formatting options. You can specify spacing, or a spelling checker. But, that contruns the string "lllow," the find page length, line length, line spacing, those are the features of a much more command works properly, confirming default values for indentation and mar­ expensive office-quality word-process­ the "off by one" error. gins, page numbering, font selection, ing system. Elite-Word works well with any print­ and justification. Elite-Word is certillnly an excellent er, and you can imbed special control Elite-Word right-justify or center word processor. I'll use it for all my fu­ will codes in the text. Most formatting com­ text, but not print text flush-right ture CoCo writing projects. It's simple will mands available to the printer format­ (as, for example, in a letter heading). to learn, easy to use, and well worth the ting section are also available for The printer format controls are saved investment. • HOT CoCo .June 1984 23 REVIEW STEVE BROWN BY

I T'S ALL ACCOUNTED FOR

ease of use documentation The small-business man gets Accounting System lies in the three data performance error handling files: the system-support information, I I the most out of the CoCo the chart-of-accounts totals, and the -- 10 journal transactions. The remainder of 9 with Mark Data's Business 8 the programs set up proper printer op­ 7 Accounting System. eration or let you read from or write to 6 5 these three files. 4 The system support information in­ 3 nal entries to balance-sheet preparation. cludes the company name and address, 2 You get programs to create, update, 1 the current date, and other general in­ Application Software and maintain data files and to prepare formation for system housekeeping and necessary accounting reports, including: preparation of reports. The filecontains Business Accounting System •a transaction journal, 25 records, although you only use rec­ Mark Data Products •a profit-and-loss or income report, ords 1-17. This suggests that Mark Da­ 24001 Alicia Parkway, No. •an interim or monthly trial balance, ta is planning additional programs to 207 �ion Vie o, CA 92691 and expand this one. 32K, 80-columnj printer • a balance sheet. The second file contains the chart of $99.95 disk Even though the programs prompt you accounts, a numbered listing of all the forinput, operating the system parallels accounts or categories used in the busi­ a standard manual accounting system, ness's accounting. An account exists for till think the Color Computer so an understanding of accounting fun­ all the types of transactions made, and is only a game machine? Then you damentals, while not strictly necessary, the relationship among these accounts havS en't seen some of the newer business is a real plus. lets you keep complete and comprehen­ and professional software for it, like The Business Accounting System us­ sive track of your business transactions. Mark Data's Business Accounting Sys­ es Mark Data's Super Screen format for The chart of accounts is designed to tem that offers the small-business man a an enlarged, 51-character-by-24-line be as general as possible, so as to ac­ powerful and economical way to pro­ screen display (for a review of Super commodate many different types of duce reports and keep track of his busi­ Screen, see January 1984, business. Most small retail businesses ness records. p. 40). HOT Coco, should find the chart workable enough This menu-driven accounting system to prepare good reports and to generate consists of a family of programsthat in­ The Heart of the Matter data to be used at tax time. However, teract to manage everything from jour- The heart and soul of the Business Mark Data has also made it possible for CoCo 24 HOT June 1984 * COLOR COMPUTER WORD PROCESSOR *

THE SECOND GENERATION WORD PROCESSOR which offers an ease of use that is simply incredi­ IS NO W ... ELITE• WORD has many new features ble. ELITE• WORD also offers a printed output flex­ not fo und in other word processors for the Color ibility that can handle your sophisticated home Computer. ELITE• WORD is an all machin e and business applica tions. ELITE• WORD is wa it­ language, high performance, Full Screen Editor ing to work for you.

MAJOR Features include: • ALL Machine Language for speed • True block-text Move command • Type ahead keyboard buffer • Handsome Vinyl Binder • Smooth cursor movement over NEVER misses a character text in any direction (Including Optional screen display of all • Comprehensive Manual Included • • User Friendly (really) vertical) carriage returns

• Fast Disk . . . No loading of • Top screen line reserved for • Smooth screen scroll for easier 110 command prompts, HELP proof reading overlay files to slow program messages, and status information • Auto Key-Repeat wi ll auto­ operation • Two text entry modes : Insert and matically repeat any key that Is • User HELP display available Exchange held down • Automatic screen Word-Wrap; Edit files simultaneously (OS-9 Only) • Easy generation of ASCII files even while inserting new text • 2 Delete character under cursor • • VIEW function permits high-res • Block-text move, copy or delete Backspace and delete one screen display of final text before • • Displ ay/Change default disk drive character it's printed ; including right-side number (disk only) Delete entire screen line justification and page breaks • • Display disk directory (disk only) • VARIABLE TEXT MERGE allows • Rewrite entire screen Display Free disk space available for generation of standard form • • Page Forward through text Software remembers last file name type letters that appear to be • Page Backward through text Saved or Loaded and will write to • personally prepared for each Mark present line for automatic that file by default if desired • reader centering on output Dynamic margin changes within text INCLUDE feature (disk only) • Insert new text (Insert mode) • Select Top margin, Bottom margin, • permits the inclusion of many • Type over old text (Exchange mode) and Page length • other files within one large Screen Display is 32x1 9 in normal • document. Total document wi ll • Choose number of duplicate copies text editing modes have sequential page numbering Page Pause, for single sheet users, Screen Display is High-Res 64x19 • • EXCELLENT FOR PROGRAM EDITING if desired when used to display final text; e AND WO RD PROCESSING. Optional page numbering begins including page breaks and • with any selected page number justification THE BEST FOR ONLY Printer Font codes are user Screen Display in all modes is true • • definable Upper/Lower case characters with Specify All printer format options may be descenders • Tape $59.95 changed dynamically within text Over 13.5K file size in 32K • RS Disk Any string of HEX characters may machines $59.95 • be imbedded within text to send any Continuous memory display OS-9 Disk • $79.95 special control codes to your Save text file (disk or tape) • OS-9 & RS Disk $109.95 printer Load text file (disk or taoe) • - Shipping from stock An Eject (top of form) command NOW • • All 1/0 errors trapped and may be inserted within text - Dealer Inquiries In vited. recoverable Variable Text Merge sym bols may Jump to beginning or end of text Add Postage Ha ndling • • $2 & be inserted anywhere within text • Find any string of characters in text PA residents add sales tax All machine language; 32K and 6% • • Global replacement of one stri ng in Extended Basic required for ROM­ text for another cal routi nes I

05-9 is a trademark of Microware and Motorola. ...-392 £/ltfl J7<> twa'lfl Box 1122 4 • Pittsbur h PA 15238 • (4 1 2) 795-8492 "I was more than satisfied with Elite*Word. Before I started the review, I thought that it would be just another program that would copy most of what others had done and add a few whistles and bells. After the review, I would not hesitate to compare it with the two best selling CoCo word processors. And my comparison places it at the top of the list." - A. Buddy Hogan, Rainbow

June 1984 25 ,,. See List of Advertisers on page 99 HOT CoCo those more specialized enterprises to cus­ transaction, but it automatically sub­ But take Mark Data's advice and make tomize the chart of accounts as neces.sary. tracts funds from the checking account. a backup copy after you've added any The chart of accounts includes eight It also prompts for a check number. data to your disk. broad account classifications, with Since the Business Accounting Sys­ Summary space for 99 subaccounts in each class. tem is structured to be self-updating, You can modify any of these except the once you've saved the journal entry, The Business Accounting System is a account reserved for checking and the you must make any corrections as a sep­ serious, professional accounting pro­ one that contains retained earnings. arate transaction. Therefore, you can't gram and well worth its price. The pro­ The journal is the third important da­ go back and correct a bad journalentry. grams are complete and simple to use. ta file, and it contains all the daily trans­ Rather, you must enter another journal They lead you effortlessly through the actions. It is like a checkbook register, transaction in the amount to offset the complexities of double-entry bookkeep­ in which each item and amount of in­ earlier error, preferably annotating it ing and protect you from error by a come and payments are recorded in with a comment line to explain the er­ well-conceived array of subprograms. chronological order. In fact, for many ror. This proper accounting procedure. The screen system, although I hardly is small businesses, the journal is essen­ mentioned it, provides a pleasant work­ tially the checkbook register. Taking Care of Busine� ing environment and expands the screen When it's time to enter a transaction, When you first look at this system, to a reasonable width while maintaining the program first requests the account you might feel that it's too complex to character readability. distribution (the account from which understand and has too many files to re­ There is a further reason to buy this the amount is to be subtracted and the member. But because it is interactive system: Mark Data Products has a com­ account to which it is to be added). A and menu driven, once you've estab­ plete small-business order-entry system transactions program can move amounts lished all the files and parameters on the that is compatible with the accounting from any account to any other. You system disk, daily posting and end-of­ system. That means you needn't search don't need to worry about whether the month activities are simple and step-by­ for other programs (which probably amount is to be added or subtracted step. won't be compatible anyway) to do from any account, because the journal On a normal, daily basis you only your business paperwork chores. does that automatically, taking its in­ need to post transactions to the journal Most small-business owners aren't formation from the action associated and prepare the profit-and-loss and bal­ accountants, nor are they computer with the major account divisions. ance sheets periodically. Once you've hackers. Therefore, the Business Ac­ The journaltransaction handles post­ posted the checks and receipts to the counting System steps in where your ing of checks just as it does any other journal, the daily activities are done. free time and experience leave off. •

IS YOUR COMPUTER I GNORING YOU ??? ENG SYSTEMS LABORATORIES 8203 Springfield Village Drive PRO-COLOR-FILE Springfield, Virginia 22152 "'35 � * ENHANCED* I PRO-COLOR- FILE has become one of the most respected data­ base programs ever developed for the Color Computer. Whether it's for home or business, PRO-COLOR-FILE lets you design your · own sophisticated database tailored to your needs.

60 DA TA FIELDS available for each record to store information 1020 BYTES for each record can be used if needed

1 - DISK DR IVES can be used to maximize storage capacity 4 4 COLOR DA TA ENTRY screens can be custom designed 28 MATH EQUATIONS can be setup to perform calculations POST ACCOUNTS routine performs calculations on an entire file DUPLICATE RECORDS or FIELDS from previous entries SORT ENTIRE FILE on 3 fields at one time SORT ANY SIZE FILE whether it's 200 or 2000 records SELECT SUB-SETS of file for sorting or reporting SCAN FILES I I alphabetical by any field ''KR CKIT'.-2 3 SUMMARIZE FILES to find totals, averages, low and hi values 8 REPORT FORMATS for obtaining hard or soft copy reports 6 LABEL FORMATS for 1to10 across labels & 1to30 Jines/label You 've just typed in the Gettysburg Address and now you see that your PASSWO RD PROTECTION for limited access to data and reports computer onl y heard every other wor-d �

THE KR ICKIT CHIRPS ONLY WHEN YOUR COHPUTER HAS CAUGHT THE KEY. With PRO-COLOR-FILE was so well received that over 70% of the the Kr ickit, there is no wasted effort pounding keys to make sure they owners of the original version ordered the PRO-COLOR-FILE contact or looki ng at the screen after every character. You can keep *ENHANCED* upgrade in the first 2 weeks of its introduction. your eyes on the listing and not lose your place.

Find out for yourself why people in almost every state, Canada, Works great with tex t edi tors and DBH's or when entering programs with just the BASIC PRO-COLOR-FILE *ENHANCED* for their information manage­ line-editor in your computer . Just plugs in! Needs no software or hardware modi fications. Bui lt-in speaker ! Uses no CPU time! Your ment needs. computer has better thi ngs to do than sound key beeps.

The Kri ckit has oth•r valuable features, too. A convenient switch PRO-COLOR-FILE *ENHANCED* cont ols the Cartridge Interrupt line. Instead of clumsy, meSsy tape See your local dealer or send check or money order to : $79.95 � DERRINGER SOFTWARE, INC., P.O. Box 5300, Florence, on f � ngers 7 or 8, just f 1 i p the swi tch to access Basi c with a game pak l nstal 1 ed. It al so has a more accessible reset swi tch, 1 i ghted South Carolina 29502. Visa/MC customers call (803)665-5676 poil'ier i ndi cators, gol d edge-f ingers and an extension cable. . Add $3.50 S&H - Available on AMDJSK (Add $5.00) . We are sure that after you try the Kr ickit you wi ll never want to be S.C. residents add required sales tax. without it. Take days to 30 decide you like it or return it for A ful l refund. 24-hour order line. Order yours today for onl y S59.95 (plus shipping and handling>. COD, Visa, and Mastercard accepted. 1984 26 HOT CoCo June PR AMS

Finally! Great programs you Save money! A full twelve can load and run in seconds. month subscription is yours for You'll save hours of keyboard­ only $99.97*. That's only $8.33 ing time and build a terrific li­ per cassette. brary of useful programs for as little as $10.00 a month. You'll want the "Best of 83." Get the programs from best Over 33 programs from the HOT CoCo magazine... 1983 issues of HOT CoCo ready to run ...for pennies. magazine. You'll have a the directions or help you All valuable library ...for only­ need is in your copy of HOT $16.47 * . . . less than .45 cents Coco. per program. CoCo gives you · instant . . :.:< · �' ...*a ction-packed games-:-: . · · Order your subscription . / . have your own video gaine · · · to instant CoCo today! : .. ,�>·"· . entertainment center! . -�-: : ·.:�-., . ,. . Mail the coupon below or _ -:_: , ' · •. .... ' . _· " •,·:;: *useful applications-programs for edu- . call TOLL FREE 1-800-258-5473 and ... .. : cation, business, home and hobby, to delight the whole famil� ." �- your Visa, Mastercard or American Express. In New Hamp- *utilities-your routine tasks will be taken care of like magic plus shire call 1-924-9471. you'll be expanding the capabilities of your computer. CoCo lets you start having fun right away ...almost like instant Order CoCo cassettes by the month. Every cassette magic! instant

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want programs in an instant ... DCHECK/MO DMC DVISA DAE Card# xp. Date ___ • lI want instant CoCo ------� Signature YEDPleasesend ·.s'me__copies of the"Best of '83" at $16.47 each.

__ Nanie ------DPleasesend me copiesof this month's issueat $11 .47 each. for Address DPlease sign me up a one year subscription beginning with this month's issue at $99.97 City ______.State ___ Zip ___ Please allow 6-8 weeks delivery. 'Priceincludes postage and handling. Foreign Air Mail pleaseadd an additional 45¢ per c.....tte or per subscription. US hinds drawn on US banks ONLY. instant CoCo 80 Pine Street Peterborough, 03458 •25 • • NH IC8406 TUTORIAL

D. GOODWIN BY MARK

JOURNEY TO THE CENTER OF THE ROM-PART VIII

hat are the secrets of the DIM command? Or of the STR$ W command? How much can you learn from knowing the inner workings of Color Basie's string-handling routines? These and other ROM areas are covered this month in our continuing disassembly of the Color Ba­ sic ROM. This part deals with locations B34B to B6CE.-eds.

Address correspondence to Mark Goodwin, Star Route 79, Box 103, Orland, ME 04472 .

B34B-B356 Color Basic D™ Command B397-B398 Jump if allthe simple variables have been checked B34B-B34D Check the syntax B399-B39B Variable names match? B34E-B34F B =create value B39C-B39D Jump if they match B350-B351 Create the array B39E-B39F Bump the memory pointer to the next variable B352-B353 Get the next character B3AO-B3AJ Loop until done B354-B355 Loop until the end of the Basic statement B3A2-B3AA Check-for-Alphabetic-Character Routine B356 Return B3A2-B3A3 Character < A? B357-B3Al Locate/Create Variable Routine B3A4-B3A5 Returnif character < A B357 B =locate value B3A6-B3A9 Set carry if character > Z B358-B359 Get the next character B3AA Return B35A-B35B Save the locate/create flag B35C-B35D Save the first character of the variable name B3AB-B3DE Create-Simple-Variable Routine B35E-B35F Get the character B3AB-B3AD X =zero pointer B360-B361 Alphabetic? B3AE-B3AF U =return address B362-B365 Display SN error message if it isn't alphabetic B3BO-B3B3 Return address= B287? B366 B = numeric NTF value B3B4-B3B5 Jump if this routine was called from B287 B367-B368 NTF= numeric B3B6-B3B7 D =start of free-memory pointer B369-B36A Get the next character B3B8-B3B9 Save it B36B-B36C Jump if it's numeric B3BA-B3BC Figure the new free-memory pointer B36D-B36E Alphabetic? B3BD-B3BE Save it B36F-B370 Jump if it isn't alphabetic B3BF-B3CO X =start of the array-variables pointer B371-B372 B =second character B3 Cl-B3C2 Save it B373-B374 Get the next character B3C3-B3C5 Move the array variables B375-B376 Loop if it's numeric B3C6-B3C7 X = new free-memory pointer B377-B378 Alphabetic? B3C8-B3C9 Save it B379-B37A Loop if it's alphabetic B3CA-B3CB X =new start of the array-variables pointer B37B-B37C Dollar sign? B3CC-B3CD Save it B37D-B37E Jump if it isn't a dollar sign B3CE-B3CF X =address of the new variable B37F-B380 NTF = string B3DO-B3DJ D =variable name B381-B382 Set bit 7 of the second character B3D2-B3D3 Save it B383-B384 Get the next character B3D4 Zero A B385-B386 · Save the second character B3D5 Zero B B387-B388 Mask the character in A B3D6-B3D7 Zero the EXP and the MSB B389-B38A Left parenthesis? B3D8-B3D9 Zero the NMSB andthe NNMSB B38B-B38E Jump if it's an array B3DA-B3DB Zero the LSB B38F-B390 Clear the mask B3DC-B3DD Save the VARPTR B391-B392 X =start of the simple-variables pointer B3DE Return B393-B394 D =variable name B395-B396 simple variables checked? All B3DF-B3E3 Floating-Point Constant Equal to -32768

Listing cominued 28 HOT CoCo June 1984 Listing continued B3E4-B400 Evaluate-Array-Subscript Routine B479-B47A Save the start of the array elements B47B-B47C Add the offset to the start of the array elements B3E4--B3E5 Get the next character B47D-B480 Display OM error message overflow B3E6-B3E8 Evaluate the expression if B48 1-B482 X =array pointer B3E9-B3EA A=(SFl) B483-B485 Do memory check B3EB-B3EC Jump if the result is negative B486-B488 Adjust the array pointer B3ED-B3EE A=(EXPl) B489-B48A Save the new free-memory pointer B3EF-B3FO Integer range? B48B Zero A B3Fl-B3F2 Jump if it's an integer B48C-B48D Decrement the array pointer B3F3-B3F5 X =floating-point constant - 32768 pointer B48E-B48F Zero the element B3F6-B3F8 FPAC! = - 32768? B490-B491 Array zeroed? B3F9-B3FA Display FC error message if FPACl<> - 32768 B492-B493 Loop until it is zeros all B3FB-B3FD Convert FP AC! to an integer B494-B495 X = array pointer B3FE-B3FF D =integer result B496-B497 X = MSB of the start of the free-memory pointer B400 Return B498-B499 Figure the offset to the next array B49A-B49B Save it B401-B4CD Locate/Create-Array-Variable Routine B49C-B49D Create? B401-B402 B =locate/ create flag B49E-B49F Jump if create B403-B404 A=NTF B4AO-B4Al B =number of subscripts B405-B406 Save the locate/ create flag and the NTF B4A2-B4A3 Save it B407 Number of subscripts = 0 B4A4 Zero A B408-B409 X =variable name B4A5 Zero B B40A-B40B Save the number of subscripts and the variable name B4A6-B4A7 Save the total number of elements B40C-B40D Evaluate the subscript B4A8-B4A9 Get the next subscript B40E-B40F Get the number of subscripts, the variable name, the B4AA-B4AB Save the number of elements locate/create flag, and the NTF B4AC-B4AE Elements out of range? B410-B411 Save the variable name B4AF-B4BO Jump if the elements are out of range B412-B413 U = subscript B4Bl-B4B2 U =offset B414-B415 Save the locate/create flag, the NTF, and the B4B3-B4B4 Jump if it's the fu st subscript subscript B4B5-B4B6 Do 16-bit multiplication B416 Bump the number of subscripts B4B7-B4B8 Add in the number of elements B417-B418 Get the next character B4B9-B4BA Bump the array pointer B419-B41A Comma? B4BB-B4BC Any more subscripts? B41B-B41C Loop if it's a comma B4BD-B4BE Loop if there are any more subscripts B4\D-B41E Save the number of subscripts B4BF-B4CO Save the number of elements B41F-B421 Check the syntax B4Cl-B4C2 D=D*2 B422-B423 Get the NTF and the locate/create flag B4C3-B4C4 D=D*4 B424-B425 Save the NTF B3C5-B4C6 D=D*5 B426-B427 Save the locate/create flag B4C7-B4C8 Add the offset to the array pointer B428-B429 X =start of the array-variables pointer B4C9-B4CA Point to the element array variables checked? B4CB-B4CC Save the VARPTR B42A-B42B All Jump if the array variables have been checked B4CD Return B42C-B42D all B42E-B42F D = variable name B430-B432 Variable names match? B4CE-B4ED 16-Bit Unsigned Multiplication B433-B434 Jump if they match B4CE-B4CF A=number of times to multiply B435-B436 D =offset to the next array B4DO-B4Dl Save it B437-B438 Update the memory pointer B4D2-B4D3 D =number of elements B439-B43A Loop until done B4D4-B4D5 Save it B43B-B43C B =DD error code B4D6-B4D7 Total =O B43 D-B43E A= locate/create flag B4D8-B4D9 Shift the result B43F-B440 Display DD error message if create B4DA-B4DB Jump if overflow B44 1-B442 B =number of subscripts B4DC-B4DF Shift the number of elements B443-B444 Compare the number of subscripts B4EO-B4El Jump if no add B445-B446 Jump if the number of subscripts match B4E2-B4E3 Add the number of elements B447-B448 B = BS error code B4E4-B4E5 Jump if overflow B449-B44B Ignore B4E6-B4E7 Multiplication done? B44A-B44B B = FC error code B4E8-B4E9 Loop until the multiplication is done B44C-B44E Display the error message B4EA Return B44F-B45 1 D =locate/create flag and NTF B4EB-B4ED Display BS error message B452-B453 Save them B454-B455 D =variable name B4EE-B4FC Color Basic MEM Command B456-B457 Save it B4EE-B4EF D = stack pointer B458-B459 B =number of subscripts B4FO-B4Fl Figure the amount of free memory B45A-B45B Save it B4F2-B4F3 Ignore B45C-B45E Do memory check B4F3 Make D an integer B45F-B460 Save the array-variables pointer B4F4-B4F5 NTF = numeric B46 1-B462 B =default number of elements B4F6-B4F7 Save the integer as (MSBl) and (NMSBl) B463 D =default number of elements B4F8-B4F9 B=exponent B464-B465 Locate? B4FA-B4FC Make FPACl floating point B466-B467 Jump if locate B468-B469 Get the number of elements B4FD-B50C Color Basic STR$ Command B46A-B46C Bump it B46D-B46E Save it B4FD-B4FF Check for a TM error B46F-B470 Do 16-bit multiplication B500-B502 U =ASCII buffer pointer Convert FPACI to an ASCII string B47 1-B472 Save the number of elements B503-B505 Clean up the stack B473-B474 Bump the array-variables pointer B506-B507 B508-B50A X = start of the ASCII string - 1 B475-B476 More subscripts? Build a string entry B477-B478 Loop if there are any more subscripts B50B-B50C Listing continued

HOT CoCo Jun1: 1984 29 Listing continued

BSOD-B515 Open-Up-String-Space Routine B549-B54B Move the string into string space B54C-B54D X = next available location in the temporary-string­ BSOD-BSOE Save the end-of-the-string pointer area pointer B50F-B510 Make room in string space B54E-B550 Temporary string area full? B51 l-B512 Save the string-storage address B551 -B552 Jump if it isn't full B513-B514 Save the string length B553-B554 B =ST error code B515 Return B555-B557 Display ST error message B558-B559 A =string length B516-B56C Build-String-Entry Routine B55A-B55B Save it in the temporary string area B55C-B55D D =string address B5 16-B5 17 Decrement the string pointer B55E- 55F Save it in the temporary string area B5 18-B519 Character = quote? B560--B561B A =string NTF B5 1A-B51B Save the string delimiter B562-B563 NTF = string B51C-B51D Save the string delimiter B564-B565 Save the string VARPTR as the last entry in the B51E-B5 1F Bump the string pointer temporary-string-area pointer B520--B521 Save the string pointer B566-B567 Save the string VARPTR in FPACl B522-B523 Save the string pointer B568-B569 Bump the temporary-string-area pointer B524-B525 B =starting string length B56A-B56B Save the new next available location in the B526 Bump the string length temporary-string-area pointer B527-B528 A = next character B56C Return B529-B52A Jump if it's a null B52B-B52C Delimiter? B56D-B60E Open-Up-String-Space Routine B52D-B52E Jump if it's a delimiter B52F-B530 Delimiter? B56D-B56E Flag string space not open B531-B532 Loop if it isn't a delimiter B56F D =number of bytes to open up string space B533-B534 Quote? B570--B571 Save the string length B535-B536 Jump if it's a quote B572-B573 D =next available location in string space B537-B538 Decrement the end-of-the-string pointer B574-B575 Figure the string storage address B539-B53A Save it B576-B578 Below the start of string space? B53B-B53C Save the string length B579-B57A Jump if it's below the start of string space B53D-B53E U =start of the string pointer B57B-B57C Save the new next available location in string-space B53F-B542 String in the buffers? pointer B543-B544 Jump if it isn't in the buffers B57D-B57E X =next available location in string-space pointer B545-B546 Open up string space B57F-B580 Bump it to the string-storage address B547-B548 X =start of the string pointer B581-B582 Save the string-storage address B583-B584 Get the string length and return B585-B586 B =OS error code B587-B588 String space already open? B589-B58A Display OS error message if string space is open B58B-B58C Open up string space B58D-B58E Get the string length B58F-B590 Try again B591-B592 X =end of the string-space pointer B593-B594 Save it as the next available location in string-space FREE OFFER! pointer B595-B5% D = dummy string VARPTR B597-B598 Save it B599-B59A X =start of the string-space pointer COM PUTER B59B-B59C Save it B59D-B59F X =start of the temporary-string-area pointer BSAO- BSA I All the temporary strings checked? B5A2-B5A3 CASSETTES Jump if all the temporary strings have been checked B5A4-B5A5 Check to see if this string must be moved B5A6-B5A7 Loop B5A8-B5A9 X =start of the simple-variables-area pointer 58¢ BSAA-BSAB the simple variables checked? AU BSAC-BSAD FREE "Great Inventions Game Cassette" Jump if all the simple variables have been checked with each order of 20 or more C· 1 0's BSAE-BSAF Check to see if this string must be moved Specify TRS-80 Color Computer, MC-10, Tl·99/4A BS BO-BS Bl Loop VIC 20 or Commodore 64 B5B2-B5B3 Save the start of the array-variables pointer B5B4-B5B5 X =start of the array-variables pointer • C·10 Length B5B6-B5B7 the array variables checked? • Screw Shell Free Labels All 5 B5B8-B5B9 Jump if the array variables have been checked I all • Lifetime money back guarantee B5BA-B5BB D =offset the next array • Storage Box add 1 2¢ each BSBC-BSBD D =start of the next array

• $2.00 shipping charge · any quantity B5BE-B5BF Save it (Canadian Orders $6.00 shipping) BSCO--BSCI A=second character of the variable name B5C2-B5C3 Loop if the array is numeric • Residents add 6% Sales Tax. NJ B5C4-B5C5 B =number of subscripts • Send check or money order to: B5C6 B =number of subscripts times 2 B5C7-B5C8 B =offset to the array elements B5C9 X =start of the array elements BSCA-BSCB All the elements checked? BSCC-BSCD PA RALLEL SYSTE MS Loop if all the elements have been checked BSCE-BSCF Check to see if this string must be moved Box 772 · Dept. H B5DO--B5Dl Loop Blackwood, 0801 2 NJ B5D2-B5D3 A=second character of the variable name 609·227·9634 "'207 B5D4-B5D5 X =string VARPTR Listing continued

30 HOT CoCo June 1984 SUPER PRO KEYBOARD

Computers produced after approximately 1 October 982 require an additional plug adaptor please add $4.95.

· Rainbow, April '83 A fine piece of hardware from Mark Data Products ...It is super and it is professional too ...If yo u are searching for a replacement keyboard, it is an excellent buy. ..

Hot Coco, August '83 Like putting leather upholstery in your Vo lkswagen ...Very impressed with the appearance and performance ...Could easily pass as original equipment. ..Installation is very • Only S69. 95 simple .. • Original key layout. Color Computer Magazine, June '83 • No special softwa re required. The installation procedure is well detailed and quite simple... Has a professional feel. reacts well to the touch ... Fast, simple installation-no soldering. • has held up to some purposeful pounding ..

• Individually boxed with fu ll instructions. Color Computer News, June '83 • Professional, low profi le, finished appearance. Mark Data Products is well known to us "longtimers" ... U.S. made-high quality, quad gold contacts. Every bit as finished as if Tandy had done it. ..The • Mark Data Super-Pro is your best buy... The one that • Smooth "Touch Typ ist" feel-no sagging. is in my Coco to stay .

Great Computer Software Also • Adventure Games • Arcade Games and UtilitySoftware

• • 24001 ALICIA PKWY., NO. 207 MISSION VIEJO, CA 92691 (714) 768-1551 All Orders: Please add shipping and handling in the continental U.S A!I others. add air shipping and hanpling. California $2.00 S3.00 residents add 6% sales tax. Foreign orders please remit U.S. funds. Software authors-contact us for exciting program marketing details. Listing continued

B5D6-B5D7 Jump if the variable is numeric B669-B66A Adjust the next available location in the string-space B5D8-B5D9 B =string length pointer B5DA-B5DB Jump if it's a null string B66B-B66C Save it B5DC-B5DD D =string address B66D-B66E Get the string length B5DE-B5EO String in the new string area? B66F-B670 Bump the string address B5El-B5E2 Jump if it's in the new string area B67 1 Return B5E3-B5E5 String in the program? B672-B673 X =string address B5E6-B5E7 Jump if it's in the program B674 Return B5E8-B5E9 Save the string V ARPTR B675-B680 Oean-Up-the-Tempor ary-String-Area B5EA-B5EB Save the string address B5EC-B5ED Bump to the next string Routine B5EE Return B675-B676 Last entry in the temporary string area? B5EF-B5FO X = string VARPTR B677-B678 Jump if it isn't the last entry in the temporary string B5Fl-B5F2 Jump if no strings have to be moved area B5F3 Zero A B679-B67A Save the new next available location in the B5F4-B5F5 D =string length temporary-string-area pointer B5F6 D =string length minus I B67B-B67C Bump the pointer over the string VARPTR B5F7-B5F8 D =start of string-space plus the string length B67D-B67E Save the last entry in the temporary-string-area B5F9-B5FA Save it pointer B5FB-B5FC X =next available location in string-space pointer B67F Zero A B5FD-B5FE Save it B680 Return B5FF-B601 Move the string > B602-B603 X = string V ARPTR B681-B685 Color Basic LEN Command B604-B605 D =new string address B606-B607 Save it B681-8682 B =string length B608-B609 X =next available location in string-space pointer B683-B685 Save B as the current result B60A-B60B Adjust it B60C-B60E Loop until done B686-B68B String Routine B60F-B642 String-Concatenation Routine B686-B687 X =string address and B =string length B688-8689 NTF = numeric B60F-B610 D=stringl VARPTR B68A Set the flags for the string length B61 1-B612 Save it B688 Return B613-B615 Evaluate the expression B616-B618 Check for a TM error B619-B61A Get the string! VARPTR B68C-B69F Color Basic CHR$ Command B61B-B61C Save it B68C-B68E Get the ASCII value B61D-B61E B =string! length B68F-B690 B = string length B61F-B620 X = string2 VARPTR B691-B693 Open up string space B621-B622 B =string! length plus string2 length B694-8695 A=ASCII value B623-B624 Jump if it doesn't overflow B696-B698 Save the string values B625-B626 B =LS error code B699-869A Save the ASCII value as the string B627-B629 Display LS error message B69B-869C Clean up the stack B62A-B62C Open up string space 869D-869F Adjust the string pointers B62D-B62E X=stringl VARPTR B62F-B630 B =string! length B6AO-B6AA Color Basic ASC Command B63 1-B632 Move string! into string space B633-B634 X = string2 VARPTR B6A0-86AI B = first string character B635-B636 Get the string2 address B6A2-B6A3 Save B as the current result B637-B638 Move string2 into string space B6A4-86A5 X =string address and B =string length B639-B63A X =string! VARPTR B6A6-B6A7 Display FC error message if it's a null string B63B-B63C Clean up string space 86A8-B6A9 B = first string character B63D-B63F Clean up the temporary string area B6AA Return B640-B642 Loop until done B6AB-B6C7 Color Basic LEFT$ Command B643-B653 Move-String-into-String-Space Routine B6AB-86AC X = string address and B =string length B643-B644 X =string address B6AD String offset = 0 B645-B646 U =string storage address 86AE-B6AF New string length < = old string length? B647 Bump the string length B6BO-B68 1 Jump if the new string length < = the old string B648-B649 Jump length B64A-B64B A=next string character 86B2-B6B3 B = string length B64C-B64D Save it in string space B684 String offset = 0 B64E String move done? 86B5-B6B6 Save the string offset and the new string length B64F-B650 Loop until the string move is done 8687-8689 Open up string space B65 l-B652 Save the string ending address 86BA-B6BB X =string VARPTR B653 Return 868C-86BD X =string address 86BE-B68F Get the string offset B654-B674 Oean-Up-String-Space-Routine 86CO Adjust the string address B654-B656 Check for a TM error B6Cl -B6C2 Get the new string length B657-B658 X =string V ARPTR B6C3-B6C5 Move the string B659-B65A B =string length B6C6-B6C7 Adjust the string pointers B65B-B65C Clean up the temporary string area B65D-B65E Jump if it wasn't in the temporary string area B6C8-B6CE Color Basic RIGHT$ Command B65F-B660 X = string address B6C8-B6C9 X =string VARPTR, A=new string length, and B661-B662 Decrement it B =new string length B663-B664 Last entry in string space? B6CA-B6C8 Figure the string offset B665-B666 Jump if it isn't the last entry in string space B6CC Make it positive B667-B668 Save the string length B6CD-B6CE Use the LEFT$ code •

32 HOT CoCo June 1984 ACCOUNTING SYSTEM

The Mark Data Prooucts accounting system is ideal for the small businessman needing a fast. efficient means lo process income and expenses. prepare detailed rep<:>rts and maintain �ost of the information required at tax time. The system is a SUPER .SCREEN' family of programs which operate by means of a "menu" selection scheme. When the operator selects a task to perform. the computer loads a program designed to handle that task from the system disc. The system disc contains all of the programs required to creat e. up ate and mainlain data files and prepare the necessary accounting _ � _ _ reports including a transaction JOurnal. a P&L or income report, an interim or trial balance and a balance sheet.

Up to 255 separate accounts may be defined and a single disc system can hold over 1.400 transactions. This system automatically enhances the monitor screen to a 51 character by 24 line display. 32K of memory is required along with an SO-column printer and one or more disc drives.

The MOP system:

• Is accurate. user friendly and simple to use. Is easy to customize for specific user requirements. 51 A big character by 24 line screen. Auto·key repeat for greater keyboard • • • • Immediately updates the chart of accounts. • Full upperand lower case characters. convenience. • Provides an audit trail. • Easily combine text with hi-res Control codes foradditional functions. • Includes end of period procedures. graphics. • Works with 16K, 32K or 64K com­ • Is capable of future expandability. • PRINT @ Is completely functional on puters. • the big screen. This accounting software equals or exceeds higher priced packages for other • Available on disc or cassette. • The powerful ON ERROR GOTO is computers and includes a detailed operating manual. • Works wilh extended and/or disc fully Implemented. BASIC. Requires 32K and a Single Oise Drive CHARACTERS BY LINE DISPLAY PRICE: $99.95 51 24 Super Screen is a powerful. machine language program that significantly upgrades the performance and usefulness of 16K or greater. Extended and Oise Basic Color Computers. The standard Color Computer display screen is totally inadequate for serious. personal or business applications so Super Screen replaces it with a brand ORDER ENTRY SYSTEM new, 51 character wide by 24 line screen including full upper and lower case characters. Instead of a confusing checkerboard appearance. you now have true The Mark Data Products sates order processing system provides a fast. efficient lower case letters along with a screen that is capable of displaying 1224 characters. means to enter orders. print shipping papers and invoices. prepare sales reports. and The difference is startling! Your computer takes on new dimensions and can easily monitor receivables. The system automatically enhances the monitor screen to a 51 handle lines of text that were simply too Jong and complex to display on the old character by 24 line display. 32K of memory is required along with an 80-cotumn screen. printer. and one or more disc drives. COMBINE TEXT WITH HI-RES GRAPHICS You can now write truly professronal looking programs that combine text with hi-res The MOP order entry system is a family or programs which operate m1eract1vely by . means of a ""menu·· selection scheme. Up to 900 products may be defined and a single graphics. Super Screen allows you to create graphics displays with the Basic LINE. disc system can hold over 600 transactions When the operator selects a task to be DRAW and CIRCLE statements and then notate the graphics with descriptive text. performed. the computer loads a program designed to handle that task from the You can even use PRINT @ if you wish for greater programming convenience. Super system disc. The system disc contains all of the programs required to create. update Screen's versatility will amaze you. and maintain data Ides and prepare the necessary paperwork including shipping and PRINT JS FULLY IMPLEMENTED 1nvo1ce forms. daily sales reports. a monthly (or other period) sales report and a @ The PRINT @statement is a valuable asset to the programmer when formatting text receivables report on the screen. The standard Color Computer will report an error if you specify a location higher than 511 but Super Screen allows locations all the way to 1223! You The MOP system· get a big screen and a powerful formatting toot as well. Of course, Super Screen also • Is accurate. user friendly and simple to use. supports the CLS command allowing you to clear the big screen using standard Basic • Is easy to customize for spec1f1c user requirements. syntax • Produces a traceable invoice. ON ERROR GOTO • Handles receivables as well as closed orders

• Is capable of future expandability. That's right' Super Screen gives you a full implementation of ON ERROR GOTO including the ERR and ERL functions. Now you can trap errors and take corrective This order entry software equals or exceeds higher priced packages for other action to prevent crashed programs and lost data using the same standard syntax as computers and includes a detailed operating manual. other computers. The ON ERROR GOTO capability overcomes a serious deficiency Requires 32K and Srngle Disc Drive of Color Computer Basic and great1y improves your capability to handle Ct PRICE: $99.95 sophisticated tasks. All well written. ·user friendly' programs use error trapping techniques and yours can too! Now that's power! AUTO KEY REPEAT

No more frustration as you edit a long line in your Basic program: just hold the space THE MARK DATA PRODUCTS bar down and automatically step to the desired position in the line. Need a line of asterisks? Hold the key down and auto repeat will give them to you. Those of you who SUPER PRO KEYBOARD ... spend many hours at your keyboard will appreciate this outstanding addition to Super The most popular replacement keyboard for your CoCo. Screen's Jo:ig list of impressive capabilities. CONTROL CODES FOR ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS • Original key layout • No special software required. Super Screen recognizes several special control code characters that allow selection • Fast. simple installation-no soldering. of block or underline. solid or blinking cursor and other functions. You can 'Home Up' • Individually boxed with full instructions. the curspr or you may erase from the cursor to the end of a tine or 10 the end of the • Professional. low profile. finished appearance. screen just like many other computers. These special codes give you an extra • U.S. made-high quality, quad gold contacts. dimension of versatility and convenience that put Super Screen in a class by itself. • Smooth ··Touch Typist" feel-no sagging. Only $69.95 AND MORE GOOD NEWS...

Super Screen comes with complete. well detailed instructions and is available on cassette or disc. lt adjusts automatically to any 16K or greater. Extended or Disc Basic Color Computer or TDP-100 and uses only 2K of memory in addition to the screen IMPORTANT NEW BOOKS memory reserved during power up. Guaranteed to be the most frequently used program in your software library... once you use it, you won't be without it! Super ··Your Color Computer· by Doug Mosher Over 300 pages of detailed 1nformat1on­ 1 Screen's low price will really please you: only $29.95 on cassette or $32.95 on disc A CoCo encyclopedia. St 2 95 ··Programming the 6809·· by Rodnay Zaks and William Labiak. One of the best 6809 machine language texts available-required reference material $15.95.

64K Memory Expansion Kit WE STOCK SOFTLAW PRODUCTS All parts and complete instructions $64.95 The VIP WRITER Text Processor 1s rated tops by Rainbow. Hot CoCo and Color Computer Magaz ine. After evaluation we rate it lops too. Disc $59.95.

. Mark Data Products 24001 ALICIA PK\X/Y , NO 207 • MISSION VIEJO. CA 92691 • (714) 768-1551 All Orders: Please add $2.00 shipping and handling in the continental U.S. Allothers. add air sh1pp1ng and $3.00 handling. California residents add 6%sa"les lax. Foreign orders please remit U.S. funds. Software authors-Contact us for exciting program marketing details. We accept MasterCard and VISA . Distributed in Canada by Kelly Software

,,. See List of Advertisers on page HOT CoCo June 1984 33 99 THOMAS REVITTE GAME BY

Photo-Suzanne Torshr:ya

board. At the top center of the game­ board are two boxes, one with a P un­ der it and one with a D under it. Just to the right of each of player l's number boxes is an exchange box. of player All l's exchange boxes are empty except the bottom one, which has a number in it. Keeping in mind the goal of arrang­ ing his numbers in order, player 1 uses his joystick to move the number in the exchange box up and down to the other hy struggle with math concepts A new way to play the boxes, until it is in the exchange box Wwhen a little competition makes next to the number that he wants to ex­ learning fun and easy? numbers game! Wacko will change. Wacko is a math game for two play­ teach math concepts and When player 1 has the exchange ers or teams. The object of the game is number in the box he wants, he pushes to arrange a group of numbers inorder show you a good time. the button on his joystick. The number from smallest to largest (bottom to top). in the box goes to the left box at the top The whole-numbers game uses num­ center of the gameboard. The D under bers 1-30, and the fractions game uses the box stands for discard. The number 27 fractions. It uses 119 as the smallest Basic, you must type PCLEARl and in the exchange box goes to the number fraction and 8/9 as the largest, while us­ press enter after you tum on the com­ box, emptying the exchange box. You ing denominators 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and puter and before you enter Wacko. hear a tone and player l's name disap­ 9; all fractions used are already reduced pears from above his boxes, and player to their lowest terms. Each fraction used Playing the Grune 2's name appears above his. is unique, so no two have the same After the musical introduction, press Player 2 presses either D or P causing value. The first player (or team) to get any key, and the screen asks you to exchange boxes to appear to the left of the numbers in order wins. choose whole numbers, fractions, or his number boxes. One of the exchange Loading whether you want to quit playing. boxes has a number. If he pressed D, Each player then types in name the number in the exchange box is the If you use a 16K with Extended his (up to nine letters) and presses enter. number from the D (discard) box. Player 1 uses the left joystick and left If he pressed P, the number in the ex­ side of the gameboard; player 2 plays change box is a number between l and System Requirements the right joystick and right side. Press 30, not already on the gameboard. P any key to start the game. stands for pile and includes all the num­ 16K RAM When the gameboard appears, each bers between 1 and 30 not on the game­ Color Basic player or team starts the game with board and not discarded. After you Two Joysticks seven numbers in boxes, arranged from have used all the numbers in the pile, the top to bottom on his side of the game- discarded numbers (except forthe most 34 HOT CoCo June 1984 recent discard) become the new pile. numbers in boxes in order from would be best to make a different ex­ his The numbers in the pile are never smallest to largest, bottom to top. change. visible. For this example, assume that player Whole-Numbers Gaine Fractions Strategy 2 presses P and that the number 5 goes The whole-numbers game fun for Although you can use many strate­ is from the pile to an exchange box. players of all ages and is intended as a gies, try to either mentally or on paper Player 2 moves the exchange number learning tool for students in kindergar­ translate each fraction to a percent, by (the number 5) up or down until it ten through grade 4. It teaches the num­ dividing the numerator by the denomi­ is next to a number box for exchange. ber relationships forthe whole numbers nator and multiplying the answer by Player 2 places the exchange number 1-30. 100. This strategy is successful, and a next to the number box with the number learning aid. 8 in it and pushes the joystick button. Fractions Gaine The number 8 from the number box The fractions game is fun foranyone Teain Play goes to the discard box, the number 5 who understands fractions, and it is a You can play both the whole-num­ from the exchange box goes to the num­ learning tool for students in grades 5-9, bers and fractions games in teams with ber box, a tone sounds, and player 2's teaching the fractions relationships for members deciding what exchange to name disappears from above his boxes. the single-digit denominator fractions make. Team play gives the chance for Player l presses either D or P and a from 1/9 to 8/9. group learning. number appears in one of his exchange Whichever way you play Wacko, it boxes, either the number from the dis­ General Strategy provides learning help for math con­ card box (8 in our example) or the next In addition to arranging your own cepts, and makes an enjoyable game. • _ number from the pile, depending on numbers, keep in mind your opponent's whether he pressed D or P. progress. For example, if you want to Address correspondence to Th omas The game continues this way until make an exchange, but the discard Revitte, 808 Nottingham, Sturgis, Ml one of the players (or teams) has all the would give your opponent a it 49091. win,

Program Listing. Wacko

_ O\..O_ ( ��10 �CL S(0) : W$="WINS" 160 FORX=l4T016 POKEZA(X) ,136+ 20 DIMA$ (30) ,AB(30) ,A(30) ,F$(27) ( ZB* l6) : NEXTX ,F(27) ,ZA(56) ,N (30) ,PE(27) 17 0 FORX=l7T01 9 POKEZA(X) ,137+ 30 FORX=lT056 :READZA(X) :NEXTX ( ZB* l6) : NEXTX 40 DATA 1216 ,1225 ,1250 ,1252,1255 180 FORX=20T032 POKEZA(X) ,129+ ,1267 ,1272,1276 ,1281,1283 ,1290 ,l (ZB * l6) : NEXTX 229,1296 ,1238,1241 ,1308,1244 ,130 190 FORX=33T040 POKEZA(X) ,130+ 2,1305,1184,1192,1 203 ,1206 ,120 9, (ZB* l6) : NEXTX 1210 ,1211 , 1220 ,1235 ,1240 ,1299,13 200 FORX=41T044 POKEZA(X) ,131+ 06 ,1307 ,11 89 ( ZB* l6) : NEXTX 50 DATA 11 93 ,1198,1199,12 00,1217 210 FORX=45T046 POKEZA(X) ,132+ ,1294 ,1295,1237 ,1256 , 1257 ,12 69,1 (ZB * l6) : NEXTX 23 2,1293 ,1221 ,1224,1249,1251 , 125 220 FORX=47T055 POKEZA(X) ,138+ 8,12 61,1282,1284,1287 ,126 8 (ZB * l6) : NEXTX 60 Y=l5 : A$ (1) =" l" : A$ (2) =" 2 23 0 POKEZA( 56) ,140+( ZB * l6) II : A$ (3)= " 3" : A$ (4) =" 4" : A$ 240 FORX=lT03 (5) =" 5" : A$ (6) =" 6" : A$ (7) =" 250 SOUND96,l:SOUND1 92 ,l:SOUND 99 7" : A$ (8)=" 8" : A$ (9)=" 9" ,l:SOUND1 91 ,l:SOUND235 ,l:SOUND 81 70 FORX=l0T03 0:B$=STR$ (X) : A$ (X ,l:SOUND66 ,l:SOUND177,l:SOUND 88, )=RIGHT$ (B$ ,2) : NEXTX l:SOUND77 ,l:SOUND166 ,l:SOUND99,l 80 FORX=lT016:READAB (X) :NEXTX :SOUND222,l:SOUND244,l:SOUND33,l 90 DATA 1090 ,1154,121 8,1282,1346 :SOUND11 ,l:SOUND122,l:SOUND2 8,l: ,1410 ,1474 , 1115 ,117 9,1243 ,1307 ,1 SOUND21 8,l: SOUND1 8,l:SOUND3 8,l 371 , 1435 ,1499,10 36 ,1040 260 NEXTX 100 FORX=lT027 : READF $(X) : PE ( 27 0 CLS (3) : PRINT@96 ,"'WACKO! !' X) = VAL (LEFT$(F$ (X) ,1) ) / VAL (R IS A GAME FOR 2 PLAYERS . IGHT$(F$ (X) ,l) ) : NEXTX EACH PLAYER TRIES TO PU T THE N 110 DATA 19,18,17 ,16,1 5 ,29,14 ,27 UMBERS IN HIS/HER COLUMN IN ,13 ,38,25 ,37 ,49,12 ,59,47 ,35 ,58,2 ORDER FROM GREATEST TO LEAST, 3,57 ,34,79,45,56 ,67,78,89 GREATEST ON TOP . WH OLE NUM 120 ZB=6 BERS USED ARE 1-30. TH E FRACT 130 CLS ( 0) IONS GAME NUMBERS AR E" 140 FORX=lTOll : POKEZA(X) ,133+( 280 PRINT" FROM 1/ 9 TO 8/ 9 , INCL ZB* l6) : NEXTX UDING DENOMINATORS OF 2,3,4, 150 FORX=l2T013 : POKEZA(X) ,134+ 5,6,7,8,9;ALL FRACTIONS USED ARE (ZB * l6) : NEXTX Listing continued

June 1984 35 HOT CoCo Listing continued

ALREADY REDUCED TO THEIR LOWES 560 FORX=lT027 :N(X) = X : NEXTX T TERMS ." 570 FORX=lT027 290 PRINT" PRESS SPAC EBAR OR A 580 R=RND (L) : F(X) = N(R) : N(R NY KEY TO GO ON ." ) = N(L) : L= L-1 : NEXTX 300 CH $=INKEY$: IF CH $ =""THEN300 590 GOT0640 310 CLS ( 4) : PRINT@l60 , "PRESS TH 600 L=30 E NUMBER IN FRONT OF THE GAME 610 FORX=lT030:N(X) =X : NEXTX YOU WANT ." 620 FORX=lT030 320 PRINT"l - WHOLE NUMBERS 630 R=RND(L) : A(X) = N(R) : N(R) 2 - FRACTIONS" = N(L) : L= L-1 : NEXTX 330 PRINT"3 - QU IT PLAYING" 640 CLS (5) : PRINT@224 ,"PRESS TH 340 Y=l5 E SPAC EBAR OR ANY KEY TO BEGIN 350 SOUND89,2:SOUND133 ,2:FORTD=l THE GAME ." T0 6 0:NEXTTD :SOUND89,2:SOUND133 ,2 650 CH $=INKEY$: IFCH$=""THEN650 :FORTD=lT060:NEXTTD :SOUND89,2:SO 660 IF G = 2 TH ENCLS (7) ELSECLS ( UND1 33,2:FORTD=lT060 : NEXTTD :SOUN 6) D89,2:SOUND133,2:SOUND147 ,2:SOUN 670 FORX=lT01 6 Dl33,2:SOUND125,2:FORTD=lT060 :NE 680 IF G = 2 TH EN POKEAB(X) -1 ,128 XTTD : SOUND133 ,2:SOUND147 ,2:FORTD : POKEAB (X) ,128 : POKEAB(X) + l,l =1T060:NEXTTD 28 : GOT07 00 360 SOUND89,2:SOUND125 ,2:FORTD=l 690 POKEAB (X) ,128:POKEAB(X) + l,12 T0 60:NEXTTD :SOUND89,2:SOUND1 25 ,2 8 :FORTD=lT06 0:NEXTTD :SOUND89,2:SO 700 NEXT X UND1 25,2:FORTD=lT060:NEXTTD :SOUN 710 FORX=lT014 D89,2:SOUND125,2:SOUND133 ,2:SOUN 720 IF G = 2 TH ENPOKEAB(X) - 1, AS Dl25 ,2:SOUND108,2:FORTD=lT060 :NE C(LEFT$ (F$(F(X) ) ,1) ) : POKEAB (X) XTTD : SOUND125 ,2:SOUND133 ,2 ,47 : POKEAB(X) +l, ASC ( RIGH T$ (F$ 370 CH $ =INKEY$: IFCH$=""THEN370 (F(X) ) ,1) ) : GOT07 40 380 IFCH $ "l" AND CH $ "2" 730 POKEAB(X) , ASC (LEFT$ (A$ (A(X) <> <> AND CH$ "3" THEN370 <> ) ,1) ) : POK EAB (X) +l , ASC (RIGH T$ ( 3 90 G=VAL (CH$) A$ (A(X) ) ,1) ) 400 IF G = 3 TH EN CLS (2) : END 740 NEXTX 410 CLS (2) : PRINT @ l28,"TYPE IN 750 POKEAB(l5) +3 3 ,68 : POKEAB (l6 YOUR FIRST NAME AND PRESS EN )+33,80 TER. PLAYER l PLAYS TH E LEFT JOY 760 FORX=lTOLEN (LP$) : POKE1 024+ STICK ; PLAY ER 2 PLAYS TH E RIGH X,239 : POKE1024+X, ASC (MID$ (LP$ T JOYSTICK ." ,X,l) ) : NEXTX 420 PRINT"PLAYER 1: "; : LP $=" " 770 IF G = 2 THENPOKEAB(7) +3, AS : H = 0 C(LEFT$ (F$(F(Y) ) ,1) ) : POKEAB (7) 430 H$ = INKEY$ : IF H$=" "THEN43 +4 ,47 : POKEAB(7) +5, ASC ( RIGHT$ ( 0 F $ ( F ( Y) ) , l) ) : GOT07 90 440 PRINTH$; : LP$ = LP $ + H$ : 780 POKEAB(7) +3 ,ASC (LEFT$ (A$ (A(Y H=H+l ) ) ,1) ) : POKEAB (7) +4 ,ASC ( RIGHT$( 450 IFH$=CHR$ (8) OR H$ =CHR$ (21) A$ (A(Y) ) ,1) ) TH ENLP $=LEFT$ (LP$,LEN(LP$) -2) :H= 790 J=JOYSTK (0) H-2 800 JL=JOYSTK (3) 460 IFH 9 OR H$=CHR$ (13)THEN47 > 810 JL=INT (JL/10) +1 0ELSE430 820 FORX=lT07 470 IFRIGHT$ (LP$,l) =CHR$ (13) TH EN 83 0 IF G = 2 THEN IF JL = X THEN LP $=LEFT$ (LP$,LEN(LP$) -l) 85 0 ELSE POKEAB(X) +3,159 : POKEA 480 PRINT:PRINT"PLAYER 2: "; : R B(X) +4 ,159 : POKEAB(X) + 5,159 : G P$="" : H = 0 OT0 85 0 490 H$=INKEY$ : IF H$=" " TH EN490 840 IFJL = X THEN 85 0 ELSE POKEAB 500 PRINTH $; : RP $ = RP $ + H$ : (X) +3,23 9 : POKEAB(X) +4 ,239 H= H + 1 85 0 NEXTX 510 IFH$=CHR$ ( 8) OR H$=CHR$ (2l) T 860 IF G = 2 TH ENPOKEAB(JL) +3 , A HENRP $=LEFT$ (RP$ ,LEN (RP $) -2) :H=H SC ( LEFT$ (F$ (F(Y) ) ,1) ) : POKEAB (J -2 L) +4 ,47 : POKEAB(JL) +5 , ASC ( RIGH 520 IFH 9 OR H$=CHR$ (13) TH EN53 > T$(F$ (F(Y) ),l) ) : GOT0880 0ELSE490 87 0 POKEAB(JL) +3 ,ASC ( LEFT$ (A$ (A( 530 IFRIGHT$ (RP$,l) =CHR$ (13) TH EN Y) ) ,1)): POKEAB(JL) +4 , ASC (RIGHT RP $=LEFT$ (RP$ ,LEN (RP$) -l ) $(A$ (A(Y) ) ,1) ) 540 IFG 2 TH EN600 <> 880 IFPEEK (65280) =125 OR PEEK (65 550 L=27 280) =253 TH EN890ELSE7 90 Listing continued

HOT CoCo Jun� 1984 36 I'll teach you a lesson ... Twenty-four half-hour lessons, in fact. I'm Dennis Kitsz, weary but cheerful after days in Green Mountain Micro's recording studio. What I've just finished are twelve hours of lessons for "Learning the a guide to assembly language 6809", programming like there's never been before. With the Micro Language Lab, you get it all - not only the theory of assembly 6809 language programming, but what you need to know to make your Color Computer really sweat for you. \nd you'll get me on tape doing what I do best: talking, explaining assembly language and showing you how to tame it. You'll also 6809 let dozens of example programs right on the tapes, ready to load, examine and run. Even the accompanying book of documentation could each you assembly language, but "Learning the doesn't stop there. Micro Language Lab gives you what you can't get anywhere 6809" �lse: programming information for every one of your Color Computer's "smart" circuits. 'Learning the isn't that same old isn't-it-wonderful-you-can-put-the-dot-on-the-screen approach. My Micro Language Lab will 6809" :each you numbers, graphics, and sound, but if won't run away from you after the first lesson. I want you to learn to program. To learn to 1se those numbers, graphics, and sound. To find ways of using every electronic nook and cranny in your machine. And I want you to stop .vasting memory and make your program run in seconds, not minutes. I won't lose you, because each lesson is carefully paced, and the Jook contains exercises and self-tests. put jargon in its place, too. If you've ever been intimidated by genius programmers, you'll know what I mean. You'll be able to drop a 'ew accumulators, registers, and zero-indexed offsets into your conversation, too. 3o conlact me or at Green Mountain Micro. "Micro Language Lab" comes in a notebook containing twelve cassettes, documentation, RB2-3 ,vorkbook, and data booklets. It costs plus shipping and handling. and Labs will be available shortly. $99, $3.50 280 6502 '\nd don't forget that Green Mountain Micro is your haven for Color Computer support. We've got hardware and software for the holidays, :echnical assistance, memory upgrades and spare parts.

Wh at is th e ultimate all-software music synthesizer fo r your Color Computer? TRS -80 Wh at is th e least expensive all-software music sy nthesizer for your Color Computer? Qua ver, th e most realistic music experience you 'll ever hear fr om your Color Computer! COLOR QUAVER Software Music Synthesizer (New Version for ECB) 2. 1 32K author of "Custom Color" by Dennis Bathory Kitsz I • Real Music Synthesis - More Than Bleeps Lowerkit II, $79. 95 $49.95 kit • Full 4-Part Harmony - In Precise Tuning. • I Versatile Editor/Compiler/Storage System. 64K Color memory upgrade kit, $49. 95 • • Entirely Software - No Hardware Needed. • MC-10 added 4K upgrade kit, $19. 95 • Variable Tone Qualities forEach Part. • CoCoPort interface, $49. 95 $39. 95 kit • I • 64-Step Variable Envelope for Each Part FAST Compiler- Finished Music in Secondsl RAM/ROM pack, $29.95/ $19.95 kit • 5 • Ready-to-Play Sample Tunes Included. • • Color Burner, $69.95/$49.95 kit (available January 1st) - Special Holiday Price - • Scroll-A-Roll software video text display, $24. 95 Only on tape Buff II, improved to handle virtually all monitors, $14. 95 (Add $2.50$19 shipping. 95 and handling) • TV (Add shipping and handling, additional for Canadian orders) (Not sure? Audition Our Sample Music Tape - $4.00 postpaid) $2.50 $2.00 For 32/64K TRS-80 Color Computers with Extended Color Basic.

Green Mountain Micro ..-98 Bathory Road • Roxbury, Vermont 05669 (802) 485-6112 Contin uing support for Color Computer Mo del I/Ill and 100 CODNISA/MASTERCARD Dealer Inquiries Invited. TRS-80 is a trademark of Tandy Corporation ,... See List of Advertisers on page 99 Listing continued

890 IF G 2 THEN 960ELSESOUND12 23 <> 8,5:POKEAB(JL) -l ,128 : POKEAB (JL 1150 FORX=lTOLEN (LP$) :POKE1024 + ) ,128 : POKEAB(JL) +l ,128 : POKEA X,NC : NEXTX 8(15) -1 , ASC (LEFT$ (F$(F(JL) ) ,1) ) 1160 FORX=lTOLEN (RP$) : POKE1043 : POKEAB (l5) ,47 : POKEAB(l5) +1, +X ,191 : POKE1043+X, ASC (MID$ (RP ASC ( RIGHT$ (F$ (F(JL) ) ,1) ) : POKE $,X, 1) ) : NEXTX AB (JL) +3 ,159 : POKEAB(JL) +4 ,159 1170 CH $ =INKEY$: IFCH$=""THEN117 : POKEAB(JL) +5 ,159 0 900 POKEAB(JL) -1 , ASC (LEFT$ (F$(F 1180 IFCH$ "D" ANDCH$ "P"T <> <> (Y) ) ,1) ) : POKEAB (JL) ,47 : POKEA HENll 70 B(JL) +l , ASC ( RIGHT$ (F$(F(Y) ) ,1) ) 1190 IFCH$="P"THENY=Y+l : IFG = 2 910 T$=F$ (F(JL) ) : F$ (F(JL) ) = F AND Y 27 THEN Y = 15 ELSE IF > $(F(Y) ) : F$ (F(Y) ) = T$ : T=PE (F Y > 30 THEN Y = 15 (JL) ) : PE (F(JL) ) = PE (F(Y) ) : P 1200 IF G = 2 THENPOKEAB(l4) - 5, E(F(Y) ) = T ASC (LEFT$ (F$ (F(Y) ) ,1) ) : POKEAB ( 920 FORX=lT06 14) -4 ,47 : POKEAB(l4) - 3, ASC (RIG 930 IFPE(F(X +l ) ) PE (F(X) ) TH EN > HT$ (F$(F(Y) ) ,1) ) : GOT01 220 1140 1210 POKEAB(l4) - 3, ASC ( LEFT$ (A$( 940 NEXTX A(Y) ) ,1) ) : POKEAB(l4) - 2, ASC (RI 950 GOT01 020 GHT$ (A$(A(Y) ) ,1) ) 960 SOUND12 8, 5:POK EAB ( JL) , 128 1220 IFCH $="D"THEN IF G = 2 THEN POKEAB(JL) +l ,128 : POKEAB (l5) ,AS POKEAB(l5) -l,128 : POKEAB (l5) ,1 C(LEFT$(A$ (A(JL) ) ,1) ) : POKEAB (l 28 : POKEAB(l5) +1 ,128 ELSEPOKEAB 5) +1 , ASC (RIGHT$ (A$ (A(JL) ) ,1) ) : (15) ,128 : POKEAB (l5) +1 ,128 POKEAB(JL) +3 ,239 : POKEAB (JL) +4 1230 J=JOYSTK (0) , 23 9 1240 JR=JOYSTK (l) 97 0 POKEAB(JL) , AS C (LEFT$ (A$(A(Y 1250 JR=INT (JR/10) +8 )) ,1) ) : POKEAB (JL) +l , AS C ( RIGHT 1260 FORX= 8T014 $(A$ (A(Y) ) ,1) ) 1270 IF G = 2 THEN IF JR = X THE 980 T$=A $ (A(JL) ) : A$ (A(JL) )= A$ N 1290 ELSE POKEAB(X) -5 ,255 : PO (A(Y) ) : A$ (A(Y) )= T$ KEAB(X) -4 ,255 : POKEAB(X) - 3,2 55 990 FORX=lT06 : GOT01290 1000 IFA$ (A(X+l) ) A$ (A(X) )THEN > 1280 IF JR = X TH EN 1290 ELSEPOK 1140 EAB(X) -3, 191 : POKEAB(X) -2,191 1010 NEXTX 1290 NEXTX 1020 IF G = 2 TH ENNC=23 9ELSENC=2 1300 IF G = 2 THEN POKEAB(JR) -5 , 23 ASC (LEFT$ (F$(F(Y) ) ,1) ) : POKEAB 1030 FORY=lT05 (JR) -4 ,47 : POKEAB(JR) -3 , ASC (RI 1040 FORX=lTOLEN (LP$) : POKE1 024 GHT$ (F$(F(Y) ),l) ) : GOT01320 +X ,NC : NEXTX 1310 POKEAB(JR) -3 , ASC (LEFT$(A$ ( 1050 FORX=lT04 : POKE1030+X, ASC (M A(Y) ) ,1) ) : POKEAB(JR) -2 , ASC (RI ID$ (W$,X,l) ) : NEXTX GHT$ (A$(A(Y) ) ,1) ) 1060 FORTD=lT0150 : NEXTTD 1320 IFPEEK (65280) =126 OR PEEK (6 1070 FORX=lT04 : POKE1030+X,NC : N 5280) =254 THEN1330ELS E1230 EXTX 1330 IF G 2 THEN1400 ELSESOUND <> 1080 FORX=lTOLEN (LP$) :POKE1024+X 128,5: POKEAB(JR) -1 ,128 : POKEAB ,239 : POKE1024+X,ASC (MID$ (LP$,X (JR) ,128 : POKEAB(JR) +l ,128 : PO ,1) ) : NEXTX KEAB(l5) - l, ASC (LEFT$ (F$(F(JR) ), 1090 FORTD=lT0150: NEXTTD 1) ) : POKEAB (l5) ,47 : POKEAB (l5) 1100 NEXTY +l , ASC ( RIGHT$ (F$(F(JR) ) ,1) ) : P 1110 SOUND89,2:SOUND125,2:SOUND1 OKEAB(JR) -5 , 255 : POKEAB(JR) -4 ,2 33 ,2:SOUND147 ,8:SOUND89,2:SOUND1 55 : POKEAB (JR) -3 ,255 25 ,2:SOUND133 ,2:SOUND147,8: SOUND 1340 POKEAB(JR) -1 , ASC (LEFT$ (F$( 89,2:SOUND125,2:SOUND133 ,2:SOUND F(Y) ) ,1) ) : POKEAB (JR) ,47 : POKE 147 ,4:SOUND125,4:SOUND89,4:SOUND AB (JR) +l , ASC (RIGHT$ (F$(F(Y) ) ,1) 125 ,4:SOUND108,8 ) 1120 SOUND1 25 ,2:SOUND1 25 ,2:SOUND 1350 T$=F$(F(JR) ) : F$(F(JR) ) = 108,2:SOUND89,4:SOUND89,2:SOUND1 F $ ( F ( Y ) ) : F $ ( F ( Y ) ) = T $ : T= PE ( 25 ,4:SOUND1 47 ,2:SOUND147 ,2:SOUND F(JR) ) : PE (F(JR) ) = PE (F(Y) ) : 133 ,8: SOUND125,2:SOUND133,2:SOUN PE (F(Y) ) = T Dl47 ,4:SOUND125,4:SOUND 89 ,4:SOUN 1360 FORX=8T013 Dl08,4:SOUND89,8 1370 IFPE(F(X+l ) ) PE (F(X) ) THE > 1130 CLS (7) :GOT0120 Nl580 1140 IF G = 2 THENNC=23 9ELS ENC=2 1380 NEXTX Listing continued

38 HOT CoCo June 1984 listing continued

13 90 GOT01460 1400 SOUND128,5:POKEAB (JR) ,128: POKEAB(JR) +l ,128 : POKEAB (l5) ,AS C(LEFT$(A$(A(JR) ) ,1) ) : POKEAB (l 5) +l , ASC ( RIGHT$ (A$(A(JR) ) ,1) ) POKEAB(JR) -3 ,191 : POKEAB (JR) -2 ,191 1410 POKEAB(JR) , ASC (LEFT$(A$(A( Y) ) ,1) ) : POKEAB (JR) +l , ASC(RIGH SOFTMART MA Y SA LES T$ (A$ (A(Y) ) ,1) ) ALL ITEMS IN STOCK AND READY FOR IMMEDIA TE SHIPPING

1420 T$=A$ (A(JR) ) : A$ (A(JR) )= A VIP WRITER (SOFTU\W) . S2.9S CIO (32K (C) I 32K (D)) $(A(Y) ) : A$ (A(Y) ) = T$ VIP SPELLER (SOFTU\W) . 44.95 D 1430 FORX=8T013 VIP CALC (SOFTU\ W) ...... , . . . . S2.9S CID (32K (CJ I 32K (D)) VIP TERMINAL (SOFTU\ W) . 44. 9S CID (32K) 1440 IFA$ (A(X+l) ) A$ (A(X) ) TH E VIP DATABASE (SOFTU\W) . S2.9S D (32K) > Nl580 HA YWIRE (MARK DA TA) .... 22. 00 C . 26.9S D (16K(CJl32K (D)) 1450 NEXTX ZAKSUND (ELITE) ...... 22.SO C ...... 2S.2S (32K) HOME MONEY MANAGER (COMPUTERWARE) . 17.9S c 1460 IF G = 2 THENNC=23 9ELSENC=2 . 26.9S D (32K) 23 ASTRO BLAST (MARK DATA) 22.2S C ...... 2S. 2S D( 16K(C) I 32K (D)) DOT TODOT (PROGRAMS BYMR. BOB) . . 13.9S (16 K EXT.)

1470 FORY=lT05 RANDOM BASIC FOR CC FLEX (COMPUTERWARE) ...... S0.00 D (64K) 1480 FORX=lTOLEN (RP$) : POKE1 043+ CC FLEX (FRANK HOGG U\B) . S9. 9S D (64K) X,NC:NEXTX EDIASM (FRANK HOGG U\B) .... 61.9SD(64 K) THE KING (TOM MIX) ...... 23.SO C ...... 26.2S D (32K) 1490 FORX=lT04 :POKE1049+X,239 COSMIC CLONES (MARK DA TAJ ... 22.00 C . 26.9S D POKE1049+X , ASC (MID$(W$ ,X,l) ) (16 K (CJ I 32K (D)) EIGHT·BIT BARTENDER (PRICKLY PEAR) . . . 7.9S . . 22. 4S (32K) . . f NEXTX ELITE CALC (ELITE) 39.9S CID (16K I 32K I 64K) 1500 FORTD=lT0150: NEXTTD COLOR KIT (PRICKLY PEAR) ...... 31.SO C . 3S.9S D (16K) 1510 FORX=lT04 : POKE1049+X ,NC:NEX FU\SH CARD (TCE) .. ... 13.9S C ...... 17.9S D (16 K EXT.) SEA DRAGON (ADVENTURE /NTL) 30. 9S C (32 K)

TX CUBIX (SPECTRAL ASSOC.) ...... 20.SO C (32K) 1520 FORX=lTOLEN (RP$) :POKE1043+X COLOR FURY (COMPUTER SHACK) ...... 23. 9S C ...... 26.2S D (32K) ,191: POKE1043+X, ASC (MID$ (RP$,X DISK MANAGER (PRICK LY PEAR) 26.9S D 64K DISK UTILITY (SPECTRUM PROJECTS) . 19. 7SD (64KJ

,1)): NEXTX CHOPPER STRIKE (COMPUTER SHACK) 26.9S C (16K 32KJ & 1530 FORTD=lT0150: NEXTTD EARLY GAMES (COUNTERPOINT) .. 2S. 9S CID ( 16K) 1540 NEXTY AND MUCH MORE! 1550 SOUND89,2:SOUND125,2:SOUND1 Become a Preferred CustomerofSOFTMART and Receive: 33 ,2:SOUND147 ,8:SOUND89,2:SOUND1 25 ,2:SOUND133 ,2:SOUND147 , 8:SOUND • Free Monthly Sales Sheet 89 ,2:SOUND125,2:SOUND133,2:SOUND • Descriptive Catalog with Over 2000 Pro grams for Coco 147 ,4:SOUND125,4:SOUND89,4:SOUND • 48 Hour In Stock Shipping 125,4:SOUND108,8 • 30 Day Money Back Guarantee 1560 SOUND125 ,2:SOUND1 25 ,2:SOUND •User's Group Purchasing Program

10 8,2:SOUND89,4:SOUND89,2:SOUND1 •Acceptance of Checks with No Delay in Mailing

25 ,4:SOUND147 ,2:SOUND147 ,2:SOUND • Open Door Policy on Additions to Our Pro duct Line

147 ,2:SOUND133 ,8:SOUND125 ,2:SOUN PLACE AN ORDER FROM THIS AD OR SEND US YOUR NAME Dl33 ,2:SOUND147 ,4:SOUND125,4:SOU AND ADDRESS AND WE WILL SEND YOUR ND 89 ,4:SOUND108,4:SOUND89,8 MA Y SALES SHEET AND OUR 1570 CLS (7) :GOT0120 1580 IF G = 2 THENNC=23 9ELSENC=2 FREE CATALOG

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Unlock the potential of your Commodore and VIC-20 all 64 Commodore and VIC-20* with owners are one of the largest 64 groups of computerists today. RUN. Explore ...Experiment ...Enjoy ... Enjoy the benefits of this with Beginner and expert alike will be your own magazine. Be in con- taken beyond the manual to the limits trol like never before. Order of their abilities. Enter your own game today and get a 13th RUN programs. Construct a simple hardware issue free with your prepaid add-on. Broaden your scope with unique order (check or credit card) applications ...And ...get a 13th issue of only $19.97. Send in the FREE! coupon or call toll free In N.H. call Enjoy key features like these: 1-800-258-5473 . 1-924-9471 . •Games for fun strategy. & �� ------Se d ea ubscription to fo r the regular sub- •Programming tips help you learn short cuts. � � � RUN � I scnpt10n pnce of only per year. I understand •Candid reviews help you make money-saving $19.97 that with payment enclosed or credit card order I will I decisions. I receive a FREE issue making a total of issues fo r I • Programs to add to your library. 13 $ 1 9 . 9 7. I •Instructions tutorials to increase your skills. & CHECK/MO MC VISA BILL ME I •Hardware software modifications help your D D D AE D D & I machine work smart. I card # exp.date •Unique applications broaden your scope. I signature I I Here's a system-specific magazine written with I you in mind. Written by and for the reader to give I time-saving, money-saving hints. You'll get instruc­ I city ______state_zip,_ _ _ tions and tutorials to increase your skills, and candid I reviews to help you make the right decisions. Most Canada & Mexico S22.97; Foreign Surface $39.97, I year only, US fu nds drawn on US I bank. Foreign ainnail, please inquire. Please allow 6 to 8 weeks fo r delivery. I of all though, you'll have fun. • • I RUN Box 954 Farmingdale, NY 11737 I •Commodore and VIC-20 are registered trademarks of Commodore Business Machines, Inc. 64 ------� ------��46� TUTORIAL

ssembly-language programming End the ominous mystery Frogger-type games being sold com­ doesn't have to be the big, omi­ mercially, and it as good as or better A is nous mystery most people make it. of Assembly-language pro­ than they are. (He's right-eds.) With the right instructions, anyone can gramming with this month­ The assembled version of Croaker learn to use this powerful language. runs on a 16K non-Extended Basic ma­ This a six-part tutorial on writing by-month CoCo tutorial. chine. To assemble the code, however, is Assembly-language programs. Each you need Extended Basic, an assembler, and possibly 32K, depending on the type of assembler you use. You cannot System Requirements month I present a new part of a plug in your drive controller while you will 32K RAM game entitled Croaker, and at the end run any part of this program because Extended Color Basic of the series, you put the parts to­ the game uses some of the same mem­ can Editor/Assembler gether to create the game . Croaker ory. I'll publish a program to patch Q;��I bears a resemblance to several of the Croaker to disk at the end of the series. If you use a disk-based assembler, as­ code at memory position l(XX). Figure 1 semble the programs to cassette and re­ is a chart you can reference while writ­ move the controller before loading "Think of a stack ing your own programs. Both the progr er and the com­ them back into memory. · amm There is a fine line between Assembly as a pile of plates puter use stacks to store subroutine ad­ dresses. Stacks provide temporary data and machine language. Assembly lan­ in a dispenser. As each guage consists of codes such as LOA storage using the two Assembly-lan­ · and STA, and you use an assembler to new value ispushed guage commands PSH (push) and PUL transform these codes into machine (pull). PSH pushes values onto a stack onto the stack, the rest language, which the computer under­ while PUL pulls values from a stack. stands. of the values on the stack Think of a stack as a pile of plates in a While it is easier to write a program in dispenser. As each new value is pushed Basic, Basic is inefficient in its coding, are pushed down one. " onto the stack, the rest of the values on causing a program to run more slowly the stack are pushed down one. As each than one in machine language. The best value is pulled from the stack, the rest method is to write your program in As­ of the values are pulled up one. sembly language (using an assembler) 16-bit (2-byte) register holding a num­ The first value pushed onto the stack and let the assembler convert your code ber from 0 to 65535, but it has one re­ is the last value pulled, and the value last directly to machine language. striction. If you use what's referred to pushed onto the stack is the first pulled. When you use your assembler, you as the user stack, you cannot use the U The computer automatically uses the use several registers to write an Assem­ register. (I'll explain what a stack is S register as a pointer for the system bly-language program. arithmetic later.) stack. All functions must be performed in these The computer uses the S, DP, CC, Each time an Assembly-language pro­ registers. Think of a register as a vari­ and PC registers. Register S controls the gram calls a subroutine, the point in able in Basic where numbers can be system stack. experienced program­ memory following the subroutine call is An loaded in and out. mer can use the DP register (direct page) pushed onto the stack. When the com­ While a number is in one of these reg­ to call to addresses while using less puter receives the command to return isters, the computer can perform memory. The CC register (condition from the subroutine, it automatically mathematical functions on it. Because codes) keeps track of many of the mun­ pulls the last value to be pushed onto the there are so few registers, however, you dane values used by the computer. stack (the point after the subroutine

· must set aside a section of RAM before It is divided into 8 bits. Each bit con­ call) and places that value into the PCR, you write a program. Here you store tains either a value of one (true) or zero causing the computer to jump back. can frequently used data, such as scores in a (false). Each bit keeps track of a differ­ The progr er can push values amm also game . Registers A, B, D, Y, U, S, ent condition. Changing values of the onto this stack for his own use, but he X, DP, CC, and PC are available in the CC register is only for experienced pro­ must be very careful not to interfere Color Computer. gr ers. with the subroutine values. amm Some of these registers are for the The PCR (program counter register) The user stack is available to the pro­ progr er's use, others are used by keeps track of what part of an Assem­ gr er and unused by the computer, amm amm the computer itself and can be manipu­ bly-language program is running. The which uses the U register as a pointer for lated by an experienced progr er to PCR's value changes as the computer this stack. In using this stack, the pro­ amm perform special functions. Registers A, moves through a program, but its value gr er loses the use of the U register. amm B, and D have an unusual structure. is always equal to the place in memory If he does not use this stack, he has full Registers A and B are both 8-bit (or from which the computer is reading use of the U register. 1-byte) registers, meaning that each can commands. Assembly-language programs are writ­ hold a number from 0-255. Register D A progr er can make the com­ ten using four columns. amm is a 16-bit (2-byte) register that can hold puter jump to a specified point in mem­ Listings in magazines often have sev­ any number from 0--65535. ory by changing the value of the PCR. eral hexadecimal (base 16) numbers be­ When programming, you can use A For example, if the progr er loads fore each line. These numbers are the amm and B, or D (a combination of A and the PCR with a decimal value of 1,(XX), actual machine-language code pro­ B). If you load D with a hexadecimal the computer automatically executes duced by the assembler when it as­ (base 16) value of AABB and check the sembled the line. values of A and B, you find that A con­ You don't use these when writing tains a hexadecimal value of AA, and B your own programs and you should contains a hexadecimal value of BB. c=:Q=:J 16 bits skip them when copying programs from Similarly, if you load A with a hex­ W__i] Sbits magazines into an assembler. Some adecimal value of CD and B with a hex­ assemblers, such as Radio Shack's adecimal value of EF and check the x 16 bits EDTASM + , use line numbers while value of D, you find that D contains a y 16 bits others, such as The Micro Works' hexadecimal value of CDEF. U (stack)? 16 bits SDS80C, don't use them. Line numbers S 16 Because of this structure, you en­ (stack) bits are used mostly in editing. counter problems if you use D and A or 8 Your assembler manual explain bits will B and have them contain separate 8 use of line numbers and how to move values. There are no limitations on reg­ bits between the four columns. (See Table 1 isters and Y since each is a 16-bit 16 bits X for a list of editor/assemblers.) The (2-byte) register and holds a number four columns you use in an assembler Figure I. from 0--65535. Register U is also a are as follows: HOT CoCo June 1984 44 Macrotron * * Proudly Introduces Our New ''Premium'' Keyboard- The Best For Your Color Cqmputer

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See List of Advertisers on page HOT CoCo Jun� 1984 4S � 99 Col. I Col. 2 Col. 3 Col. 4 *************************** ET:PSET (94+oF,39,3) :PSET(94+oF,3 10 ' Label Op-code Operand Comment 20 ' ***********CROAKER********* 6,3) :PSET (92+oF,35,3) 30 ' ******BY : MIKE MEEHAN****** 240 LINE (98+oF,29) -(98+oF,40) ,PS 40 ' *******COPYRIGHT 1983 ****** ET: LINE (98+oF,35) -(102+oF ,35) ,PS The following a simple Assembly- ET : LINE (l02tOF,35) -(102+oF,40) ,P 50 ' **COLOR HORIZONS SOFTWARE** is 60 '*************************** SET language program to clear the screen to 250 LINE(l06t-OF,40)-(ll0tOF,40) , 70 ' **********PART ONE********* pink. It accomplishes the same thing as PSET:LINE (l0 6tOF,38)-(110tOF,38) 80 '*************************** ,PSET: LINE (l06tOF,38)-(106+oF,40 CLS(8) in Basic. 90 IF PEEK (49152) <>1260RPEEK (491 ) ,PSET: LINE (ll0+oF,36) -(110+oF,4 53) <>126THENCLS :PRINT"THE DISK D 0) ,PSET: LINE ( 108tOF , 36)-( 110+oF , RIVE CONTROLLER IS PLUGGED IN 36) ,PSET: LINE ( 106+oF ,35) -( 108tOF BOIN LOX Load X with bgn • TURN OFF THE COMPUTER , #$400 ,35) ,PSET REMOVE THE CONTROLLER ,AND RELOAD scm address 260 LINE (ll4t-OF,35) -(114+oF,40) , THIS PROGRAM FROM CASSETTE ." LOA #255 Load A with PSET: LINE (ll8+oF,36) -(118+oF,40) :END pink block code 100 PMODE3 :PCLS : SCREEN1 ,l:OF=5 ,PSET:LINE (ll4+oF,36) -(118+oF ,36 ),PSET LOOP STA Store A at X, 110 COLOR 3,3:LINE(0,lll) -(25 6,8 ,x+ 4) ,PSET: LINE (0,180) -(256 ,153 ) ,PS 270 PSET(20,51,3) :PSET(20 ,58,3) : increment x ET :LINE(22,140) -(54,136) ,PSET: LI LINE(l8,52) -(18,57) ,PSET:LINE (22 CMPX #1536 X= 1536? NE (86,132) -(118,128) ,PSET:LINE (l ,53)-(22,56) ,PSET: PSET (24,53 ,3) : 50 ,124) -(182,120) ,PSET:LINE (214, PSET(24,56 ,3) :PSET(28,51 ,3) :PSET BNE LOOP No, then rpt loop 116)-(246 , 112) ,PSET: PAINT(256 ,85 (28,58,3) :LINE(30,52) -(30,57) ,PS RTS Return to Basic ET ) ,4,3:PAINT(256 ,154) ,2,3 END BOIN Stop assembling 120 COLOR3 ,3:LINE(l8,10) -(20,21) 280 LINE(36,50) -(36,58) ,PSET:LIN ,PSET,BF:LINE(20,9)-(28,ll) ,PSET E(44,50) -(44,58) ,PSET:LINE(40,50 ,BF:LINE(20,20)-(28,22) ,PSET,BF )-(40,54) ,PSET: PSET(42,50,3) :PSE 130 LINE(32,9)-(34,22) ,PSET,BF:L T(42,54,3) :LINE(48,50) -(48,58) ,P The labels BOIN and LOOP in this INE ( 36 , 9) -( 40 , 10) ,PSET,BF: LINE ( 4 SET:LINE(52,50) -(52,58) ,PSET:PSE 0,9)-(40,14) ,PSET:LINE(32,14) -(4 T( 50 , 50 ,3) : PSET( 50 ,54 ,3) : PSET ( 50 program are used much like line num­ 0,14) ,PSET: LINE(32 ,15) -(38,15) ,P ,58,3) bers in Basic. The Basic command SET: LINE(32,16)-(36 ,16) ,PSET: LIN 290 LINE(60,50) -(60,58) ,PSET :LIN GOTO might be LOOP in As­ E( 32,17) -( 38,17) ,PSET:LINE (3 8,19 E(56,50) -(60,50) ,PSET: LINE (56,58 IO JMP )-( 40 ,22) ,PSET ,BF:PSET(38,18,3) ) - (60,58) ,PSET: PSET(58,54,3) sembly language, with JMP as the op­ 140 LINE(44,10) -(46,21) ,PSET,BF: 300 CIRCLE(28,108) ,8,2,.5:PAINT ( code for Jump. You only need labels LINE(52,10) -(54,21) ,PSET ,BF:LINE 28,10 8) ,2, 2: LINE ( 26 , 94) -(30 ,10 8) (46,9)-(52,12) ,PSET,BF: LINE (46,l ,PSET ,BF when the portion of code they define 9) -(52,22) ,PSET,BF 310 LINE(l6,68)-(42,94) ,PSET ,B be called up again. The labels are al­ 150 LINE(58,12) -(60,22) ,PSET,BF: 320 DRAW"BM30,75;C2;DlL2D2L4DlL2 will LINE(66 ,12) -(68,22) ,PSET ,BF: LINE D5R2D4R6UlL4U2R2U2R2UlR2DlR6UlL4 ways placed in the first column. ( 60 ,11) -( 66 ,11) ,PSET: LINE ( 62, 9) - U3R2U2L2UlL2":PAINT(30,77) ,2,2:C The second column is used for the (64,10) ,PSET,BF:LINE (60,17)-(64, OLOR4 ,4:LINE(l8,69)-(40,93) ,PSET 18) ,PSET,BF :LINE(l8,93) -(40,69) ,PSET op-code, which tells the computer what 160 LINE(72,9) -(74,22) ,PSET,BF:L 330 DRAW"C2":GOSUB410 :PAINT(l66, command is going to be executed. Table INE(76,13)-(80 ,9) ,PSET:LINE(76,l 127) ,2,2:PAINT(l72,121) ,2,2:PAIN 4) -( 82 , 9) ,PSET: LINE (76,16)-( 82 ,2 T ( 128,10 8) ,2, 2 :DRAW"C3" :GOSUB410 2 gives the full set of op-codes available 2) ,PSET: LINE(76,17) -(80,22) ,PSET :DRAW"C2":LINE(l44,65) -(146 ,67) , for the Color Computer. 170 LINE(86,9)-(88,22) ,PSET,BF:L PSET ,BF L in front of a branch command INE(86,9)-(94,ll) ,PSET,BF:LINE(8 340 DRAW"BM134 ,137;C3;L8UlL2UlL2 An 8,14) -(92,17) ,PSET,BF: LINE (88,20 UlL2UlL12" tells the assembler to use a long branch. )-(94,22) ,PSET,BF 350 DRAW"BM152,77;L4D2Ll0UlL2" 180 LINE(98,9)-(100,22) ,PSET,BF: 360 DRAW"C2":LINE(224,46)-(224,l A short branch has a range of plus or LINE(l02,9) -(106 ,10) ,PSET,BF:LIN 00) ,PSET:LINE ( 236 ,52) -( 236 ,106) , minus 127 bytes, while a long branch E ( 106 , 9) -( 106 , 14) ,PSET: LINE ( 98 ,1 PSET:LINE(224,46) -(236,52) ,PSET: 4) -( 106 ,14) ,PSET: LINE ( 98,15) -( 10 LINE(224 ,100) -(236 ,l06) ,PSET:LIN can branch anywhere in memory. The 4,15) ,PSET:LINE(98,16) -(102,16) , E(224,46) -(256 ,46) ,PSET: LINE (236 long branch command for BRA would PSET: LINE(98,17) -(104,17) ,PSET:L ,106)-(256 ,106) ,PSET: PAINT(226 ,5 be LBRA. It better to use a short INE(l04,19)-(106 ,22) ,PSET,BF: PSE 0) ,3,2:PAINT(238,47) ,3,2:LINE (23 is T(l04,18,3) 6,52) -(256 ,52) ,PSET branch since it uses less memory. 190 LINE(l8,29) -(18,40) ,PSET:LIN 370 DRAW "BM23 8,107 ;C2;D3R2D2R2D2 You have the full instruction set for E(l8,40) -(22,40) ,PSET:LINE(22,40 R8U2R2U2R2U3 ;Cl":PAINT (244 ,107) , )-(22,35) ,PSET:LINE(22,35) -(18,3 2,2:LINE(244 ,107) -(248,l09) ,PSET the 6809 microprocessor (used by the 5) ,PSET:LINE(26,35) -(26,40) ,PSET ,BF:DRAW"BM226 ,l0l;C2;D3R2D3R2Dl Color Computer) but Croaker uses only :LINE(30,35) -(30 ,46) ,PSET: LINE (2 R6 ":PAINT(237 ,107) ,2,2 6,40)-(30,40) ,PSET: PSET(34,36,3) 380 FOR X=l 1000:NEXTX a subset of these. Croaker's commands TO :PSET(34,37 ,3) :PSET(34,39,3) :PSE 390 CLS : PRINT" POS ITION TAPE AND" are easier to understand and now might T(34,40,3) :PRINT"PRESS BUTTONS TO 200 LINE(38,29) -(38,40) ,PSET: LIN ":PRINT" SAVE SCREEN ON CASSETTE. be a good time to go back to the small E(46,29) -(46,40) ,PSET:LINE(40,31 ":PRINT :PRINT: INPUT"THEN PRESS < program I gave earlier and look up the )-(40,32) ,PSET:LINE(44,31) -(44,3 ENTER> ";A$ 2) ,PSET:LINE (42,33) -(42,34) ,PSET 400 CSAVEM" PARTl ",1536,7679,1536 op-codes it takes. :LINE(50,34)-(50 ,40) ,PSET: LINE (5 :SOUND 200 ,2:CLS : INPUT" SAVE ANOTH The assembler uses a set of instruc­ 0 ,31) -(50, 32) ,PSET: LINE ( 54, 29) -( ER COPY ";A$: IFLEFT$ (A$ ,l) ="Y"THE 54,40) ,PSET: LINE (56 ,37) -(56,38) , N3 90ELSE END tions, not assembled into code, to store PSET:LINE(58,35) -(58,36) ,PSET 410 DRAW"BM144 ,60; L6DlL2DlL4DlL4 data for the program. Since there are 210 LINE ( 58,3 9) -( 58, 40) ,PSET: LIN DlL4DlL2DlL2D2L2DlL2DlL2DlL2DlL2 E(62,36) -(62,40) ,PSET:LINE(62,40 D2L2D2L2DlL2DlL2DlL2D2L2DlL2DlL2 different instructions available to dif­ )-(66,40) ,PSET: PSET(66,39,3) :LIN D2L2D2L2DlL2DlL2D5L2D4L2D3L2D2L2 ferent assemblers, Croaker uses only E(62,37)-(66,37) ,PSET:PSET(66 ,36 D5L2D2L2D4L2D2L2D2L2D3L2D4R2 " those available on most assemblers. ,3) :PSET(64,35,3) :LINE (70+oF,29) 420 DRAW"DlR6D2R4DlR12D2L2DlL2Dl -(70+oF,40) ,PSET L2D4R2DlR4DlR4DlR4DlR26UlR2UlR2U Croaker uses the following codes: 220 LINE(78+oF,29)-(78+oF ,40) ,PS 3R6UlR4U4LlUlL14UlL4UlL2U7R4U2R2 • ORG tells the assembler to start as­ ET: LINE (72+oF,31)-(72+oF,32) ,PSE UlR2UlR2UlR2UlR2U2R2DlR2D2R2DlR4 T:LINE (76+oF,31) -(76+oF,32) ,PSET DlR4DlR4D2R8D3R2D2R4D2Rl 0" sembling code at the memory location :LINE(74+oF,33) -(74+oF,34) ,PSET: 430 DRAW"U2L8UlR12UlL12UlR14U2L2 specified in the operand. LINE ( 82t-OF , 36) -( 82+oF , 40) ,PSET: L UlL1 8UlL2UlL2UlL2UlL4U2L4U2L2U3L INE(82+oF,40) -(86+oF,40) ,PSET:LI 2U2L2UlR4D2R2DlR4D2R2DlR14D2R4D2 • EQU sets a label to the value speci­ NE( 82+oF,37) -( 86+oF,37) ,PSET:PSE R8U2R2U2L6UlR8U3L2UlL10UlL8UlL2U fied by the operand. For example, the T( 86+oF,3 9,3) lL4UlL4U3L2U2L2U5 " 23 0 PSET(86+oF,36,3) :PSET (84+oF, 440 DRAW"R2U4R2U2R2U9R2U4R2U3R2U command START SET 300 would set 35,3) :LINE(90+oF,36)-(90+oF,40) , 8L2UlL2UlL12U2L2":DRAW"BM148,64; the label START to a value of 300. PSET:LINE(90+oF,40) -(94+oF,40) ,P Ll0DlL2D2R2D2R6UlR2UlR2U3":RETUR • FCB stores a -byte code at the cur­ SET:LINE(90+oF,37) -(94+oF ,37) ,PS N I rent position. For example, if the as­ Program Listing. Croaker-Part I sembler was assembling code at mem­ ory location 7000, and it encountered 46 HOT CoCo Jun� 1984 CCEAD Eigen Systems, P.O. Box 180006, Austin, TX 78718 16K cassette $6.95,

the DiskColor Editor and Macro Conditional Assembler Computerware, P.O. Box Encinitas, CA 92024 668, Disk Color Editor-$29.95, 32K disk; Macro Conditional A�bler-$49.95, 32K disk Jointhe

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Table A Sampling of Editor/Assemblers to 1.

Table Color Computer op-codes. 2. ABX-Add B to register X. This function doesn't require an operand. ADCA, ABCB-Add the value specified in the operand to A/B and add the value of the carry bit in the CC registerto the sum. The total is then stored A/B. in ADDA, ADDB-Add the value specified the operand to The then stored in A/B. sum is in A/B. ADDO-Add the value specified in the operand to register D. The sum is then stored D. in ANDA, ANDB-Perform a logical AND between A/B and the value specified in the operand, and store the results in A/B. ANDCC-Perforrn a logical AND between the condition code register and the value specified in the operand, and store the results in the CC register. This function is useful in changing I bit (or one condition) in the CC register. 1Micro-Ed ASLA, ASLB (also LSLA, LSLB)-Shift the bits in A/B one place left . This causes A/B to all be multiplied by two. For example, the command ASLA would multiply A by two. The carry bit in the CC register is loaded with the value of the leftmost bit, and the rightmost bit is set to zero . This fu nction doesn't require an operand. ASL (also LSL)-Shift the bits in the memory position specified by the operand one place all left . This also causes the value in the memory position to be multiplied by two. The bit is carry loaded with the value of the leftmost bit and the rightmost bit is set to zero. ASRA, ASRB-Shift the bits A/B one place right. The bit the CC register loaded all in carry in is with the value of the rightmost bit and the leftmost bit remains constant. Because the leftmost bit remains constant, it is not wise to divide the register by two. You should, instead, use LSRA and LSRB. ASR-Shift the bits in the memory position specified by the operand one place right. Like all ASRA and ASRB, if you want to divide the value in the memory location by two, use LSR, which doesn't require an operand. (L)BCC-Branch to the place specified in the operand if the carry bit in the CC register is clear. (L)BCS-Branch to the place specified in the operand if the bit in the CC register is set to carry one. (L)BEQ-Branch to the place specified in the operand if the result is equal (used after a "com­ educational pare"). (L)BGE-Branch to the place specified in the operand if the result is greater than or equal to zero (used after changing the valueof a register). software (L)BGT-Branch to the place specified in the operand if the result is greater than zero (used after changing the value of a register). Send for free catalog (1)8111-Branch to the place specified in the operand if the result higher (used after a "com­ is pare"). Specify: (L)BHS-Branch to the place specified in the operand if the result is higher or same(used after a "compare"). • TRS-80 Model III BITA, BITB-Perforrn logical AND between A/B and the value specified in the operand. • TRS-80 Color Computer Condition codes are affected accordingly. This function doesn't change the value of the register or the memory location. (L)BLE-Branch to the place specified in the operand if the result is less than or equal to zero telephone (used after changing the value of a register). us at (L)BLO-Branch to the place specified in the operand if the result is lower (used after a "com­ pare"). 1-800-MICRO ED (L)BLS-Branch to the place specified in the operand if the result is lower or the same (used after a "compare"). Micro-Ed Inc. (L)BLT-Branch to the place specified in the operand if the result is less than zero (used after changing the value of a register). P.O.444 005 (L)BMl-Branch to the place specified the operand if the N bit the CC register is set to in in Eden Prairie, MN 55344 one. Table 2 continued '� ..-39 � ,,. See List of Advertisers on page HOT CoCo Jun1: 1984 47 99 Table 2 continued "Thisprogram draws (L)BNE-Branch to the place specified in the operand if the result isn't equal (used after a "compare"). a title page fo r Croaker (L)BPL-Branch to the place specified in the operand if the N bit in the CC register clear. is and saves it (L)BRA-Branch to the place specified in the operand (unconditional). (L)BRN-Never branch to the place specified in the operand. on cassette. " (L)BSR-Branch to the subroutine specified in the operand (returned with an RTS). (L)BVC-Branch to the place specified in the operand if overflow bit in the CC registeris clear. (L)BVS-Branch to the place specified in the operand if overflow bit in the CC registeris set to one. the command FCB it would store a CLRA, CLRB-Clear A/B to zero. This function doesn't require an operand. 20, value of at memory location 7. CLR-Clear the memory location specified in the operand to zero. 20 • FDB stores a 2-byte code at current CMPA, CMPB-Compare A/B to the value specified in the operand. position. For example, if the assembler CMPO, CMPS, CMPU, CMPX,CMPY-Compare D/S/U/X/Y to the value specified in the was at memory location 7 and it en­ operand. countered the command FDB $AABB, COMA, COMB-Perform a one's complement with A/B and store the result in A/B. This function doesn't require an operand. it would store a hexadecimal value of COM-Perform a one's complement with the value in the memory location specified in the op­ AA at 7, and a hexadecimal value of erand. Store the result in the memory location. BB at 7001 . ANOCC-AND with CC register and wait for an interrupt. The third column is used for the op­ DAA-Add hexadecimal number 00,06, 60, or 66to A depending on the values of A, the carry erands, additions to the op-codes that bit, and the half-carry bit. This function doesn't require an operand. specify values, addresses, or registers DECA, DECH-Decrement A/B by one. This function doesn't require an operand. needed by the op-code. While not DEC-Decrement the value in the memory position specified in the operand. all op-codes need operands, most do. EORA, EORB-Perform an exclusive OR between A/B and the value in the memory location Labels represent addresses and can be specified in the operand. used as operands in many cases. A EXG-Exchange the values in the two registers specified in the operand. INCA, INCH-Increment A/B by one. This function doesn't require an operand. pound sign (#) in front of a label or INC-Increment the value in the memory location specified in the operand by one. number tells the computer to use the JMP-Jump to the place specified in the operand. specific number named. If no pound JSR-Jump to the subroutine specified in the operand. The subroutine returned with an RTS. is sign is used, the computer uses the value LOA, LOB-Load A/B with the value specified in the operand. stored at the address named. LOO, LOX, LOY, LOU, LOS-Load D/X/Y/U/S with the value specified in the operand. For example, if the computer en­ LEAX, LEAY, LEAU, LEAS-Load X/Y/U/S with the effective address specified in the op­ countered the command LDA A erand. This function is useful in incrementing registers. LEAX l,X, for example, would incre­ #5, would be loaded with a value of five. If, ment register X by one. LSRA, LSRB-Shift the bits in A/B one place right. The carry bit in the CC register is load­ however, the computer encountered the all command LDA 5, and address five con­ ed with the value of the rightmost bit, and the leftmost bit is cleared to zero. This function tained a value of A would be load­ causes A/B to be divided by two and does not require an operand. 200, LSR-Shift the bits in the memory location specified by the operand one place right. The ed with a value of A pound sign is all 200. carry bit is loaded with the values of the rightmost bit and the leftmost bit is cleared to zero. never used at a jump, branch, register This causes the value in the memory location to be divided by two. shift, or memory-modifying statement. MUL-Multiply the values in A and B and place the result in D. A dollar sign directly before a num­ NEGA, NEGB-Negate A/B and store the result in A/B. This function doesn't require an op­ ber tells the assembler that the number erand. in hexadecimal (base 16). The dollar NEG-Negate the value in the memory location specified in the operand and store the result in is sign always goes directly before a hexa­ the memory location. decimal number and can be used where­ NOP-No operation. This function's only uses areto provide space for data to be entered at a ever applicable. If no dollar sign is used, later time and to provide padding for a loop. This function doesn't require an operand. the assembler assumes that the number ORA, ORB-Perform an inclusive OR between the contents of A/B and the contents of the decimal (base 10). memory position specified in the operand. The results are placed in A/B. is ORCC-Perform an OR between the CC register and the value stored in the operand. The re­ If a memory address is in brackets, sults are stored in the CC register. This function is also useful for changing the contents of the the computer uses the memory at the CC register. address in brackets. For example, if PSHS-Push the registers specified in the operand onto the systems stack. memory addresses 25 and 26 contained PSHU-Push the registers specified in the operand onto the user stack. the address and the computer re­ 40% PULS-Pull the registers specified in the operand from the systems stack. ceived the command JMP [25] the com­ PULU-Pull the registers specified in the operand from the user stack. puter would jump to . ROLA, ROLD-Shift the bits in A/B one place to the left. The rightmost bit is loaded with 40% all Indexed addressing uses registers and the value of the carry bit and the leftmost bit is then stored in the carry bit. This function is found in the following forms: doesn't require an operand. ROL-Shift the bits in the memory location specified in the operand one place to the left. all a) ,Register The rightmost bit is loaded with the value of the carry bit and the leftmost bit is then stored in b) Number,Register the carry bit. RORA, RORB-Shift the bits in A/B one place to the right. The leftmost bit is loaded with c) , Register+ all d) ,Register + + the value of the carry bit and the rightmost bit is then stored in the carry bit. This function e) , - Register doesn't require an operand. , - - ROR-Shift the bits in the memory location specified in the operand one place to the right. f) Register all g) Register, Register The leftmost bit is loaded with the value of the carry bit and the rightmost bit is then stored in the carry bit. They do the following: Table 2 continued 48 HOT CoCo June 1984 entire line and you can use it for com­ Table 2 continued ments. The asterisk in the assembler RTI-Retum from interrupt. This is used to return from a hardware interrupt. is used as the REM statement used in RTS-Return from subroutine. This is used to return from a subroutine called from either a is JSR or a BSR. Basic. You can also omit these com­ SDCA, SDCB-Subtract the value stored in the operand from A/B and then subtract the value ments when typing in programs from of the bit. The result is stored in A/B. carry magazines. STA, STD-Store A/B at the place specified by the operand. This month's Program Listing is STD, STX, STY, STU, STS-Store D/X/Y/U/S at the place specified by the operand. written in Extended Basic and doesn't SUDA, SUDD-Subtract the value stored in the operand from A/B and store the result in D. require an assembler. Since the re­ SUDO-Subtract the value stored in the operand from D and store the result in D. mainder of the programs be in SWI, SWl2, SWl3-Software interrupts. will Assembly language, you probably SYNC-Stop processing commands until a hardware interrupt is called. will TFR-Transfer one register into another. The two registers are placed in the operand. want to get an assembler (Table I). TSTA, TSTD-Test A/B for a value of zero or a negative value and change the condition codes This program draws a title page for accordingly. This function doesn't require an operand. Croaker and saves it on cassette. I rec­ TST-Test the memory location specified by the operand for a value of zero or a negative value ommend that you save the program on and change the condition codes accordingly. one cassette and the title page on anoth­ END er. You can then save subsequent pro­ grams one after another, making it a) LDA ,X-Load A with what's at X. This type of addressing used in many easier to attach the programs at the end is b) LOA 50,X-Load A with what's at X + 50. of the op-codes and is useful for other of the series. c) LDA ,X +-Load A with what's at X andincre­ tasks. Next month you enter the data will all ment X by I. The fourth column is for your own necessary for Croaker's graphics and d) LOA ,X + +-Load A with what's at X and in­ comments. You can write them in En­ music routines. crement X by 2. glish, and the assembler ignores them. If you have any questions or com­ e) LOA , - X-Decrement X by I andload A with what's at X. Leave these comments out to save mem­ ments, contact me at the following ad­ I) LOA , - - X-Decrement X by 2 and load A ory when typing in programs from mag­ dress and please include a self-ad­ with what's at X. azines (including this series). In your dressed, stamped envelope.• g) LOA B,X-Load A with what's at X + B. own programming they be helpful will references. Address co"espondence to · Mike You can use any register in place of If you place an asterisk at the begin­ Meehan, 1300 Fai!field Drive, Clear­ the and B registers in the examples. ning of a line, the assembler ignoresthe water, FL 33546. X

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HOT CoCo Jun1: 1984 49 · Move up to your CoCo and place your bets. The odds are good with a trackside simulation.

By Glen Tapanila ot betting in your blood? Now you There are four races each racing day, Gcan gamble on horses without risk­ one racing day a week, and 10 weeks in the ing your money; you don't even have to racing season. You own fourhorses out of drive out to the racetrack. Just sit down at a field of 40 and start with $10,(XX). You your CoCo and play Bringmee Downs. choose which horse to enter in which race Bringmee Downs is a small racetrack in and who to hire as a jockey. There are en­ an obscure northern state. This program try fees, jockey fees, and purses for first simulates a racing season at Bringmee and second finishes. You can bet up to Downs. You have a stable of horses and a $500on any horse (even against your own). pot of money, and your goal is to make Winningbets pay 2-to-l and place bets pay winners of your horses and, consequently, l Yz-to-l. Trainer, feed, and board cost more money. you $250 a week. Handicappers agree there are many fac­ generally better than those in allowances tors in a horserace. So it is at Bringmee and claimers. The first two races each day Downs. You need to consider past per­ are claimers ($8, and $16,). The formances of each horse, speed rating, third race is an allowance, and the fourthis class of race, distance, track conditions, a handicap stakes. fatigue, and jockey. races here are The daily setup screen displays day num­ All strictly on the up-and-up. ber, race number, class, distance of each race, and weather forecast. Instructions Each race display asks if you want to Type in the program and run it. The first enter a horse. Type N and press enter if screens welcome you to the program and ask you to name your horses. To maintain uniformity of displays, you have to use four-letter names. After you name all four System Requuements horses, the menu presents six choices. main 32K RAM Choice triggers the daily setup process. I Extended Color Basic the day goes on, the class of race in­ As Printer (optional) creases as do entry fees and payoffs. The horses running in handicaps are ��� ] HOT CoCo June 1984 51 . you do not, or type and enter a Y if You view more histories by enter­ ber, jockey, distance, class, purse, and can you do. ing more numbers. Enter an R from the track condition. You choose from can If you type Y, the next screen asks horse-history screen to return to the four actions. you for the number of your horse, or an main menu. Enter a J to the jockey screen. see H to view horse history. You can see as Choice 3 starts the day's races. Enter an H to horse history. You It see many histories as you wish and enter an takes a few seconds for the program to can view as many horse histories as you R from this screen to return to the setup wish. Enter an R from the horse-history process. screen to return to the prerace menu. Choose a horse and a jockey. (A jock­ Wins Enter a B to bet. The program shows ey can ride in any number of races a under 4 bad, too -so sad you the horses in the race. Type in the day.) Enter a J to see the jockey screen 5-8 -about asexpected number of the horse you want to bet on with fees per race. The screen displays 9-12 -doing well and type the amount you want to ·bet your jockey choice for confinnation, and over 12 -born to the game from $5 to $500 (do not use a dollar you can enter an N to change jockeys. sign) . Then type 1 for a win or a 2 for a Choice 2 shows you background on Money place bet. You do not have to bet on any any horse. Enter the horse's number under 10,000 -stick to computers race . (from 1 to 40). The horse-history screen 10,001-15,000 -not bad shows the name; number of firsts, sec­ 15,001-20,000 -you might have a future Enter an R to run the race. The re­ over 20,000 -contact me Derby time sults screen shows the order and speed onds, and total races; average speed at of finish. If you bet, the program dis­ score; and the last day the horse ran. Table Bringmee DownsRatings 1. Speed is a relative measurement. A plays your bet payoff or loss. If you P speed score of 100 is given to the fastest have a printer, type a to print the re­ time ever recorded at that distance at sults screen for later reference. that track. A point is subtracted for display the prerace menu because it Choice 4 displays the numbers, each fifth of a second offthe record. A makes most calculations when you re­ prices, wins, and names of the jockeys. speed score of 90 means the horse ran quest this choice. Choice 5 shows you how much money the race two seconds slower than the The prerace menu shows you day and you have . Choice 6 is for those with track record. race numbers, horse name, horse num- printers. It prints the names of the

Program Listing. Bringmee Downs

10 REM *** EAR AT THE RACES ":PRINT@64,"YOU 20 REM * a year at the races HAVE 4 HORSES AND $10,000":PRINT 30 REM * by Glen Tapanila @96,"FIRST YOU MUST NAME YOUR HO 40 REM *** RSES " 50 REM * initialize variables 180 FORI=lT04 60 DIMH$(40) :DIMH(40,15) :DIMJ$(1 190 PRINT"HORSE # "I" IS CALLED 0) :DIMJ(l0,4) :DIMR$ (4) :DIMR(4,4) ":INPUTH$(I) :DIMRN(20,4) :DIMJS (5) :DIMR1 (4) :D 200 IFLEN(H$(I) )=4 TH EN GOT0220 IMR2 (4) :DIMSC (5,4) :DIMBE(4,3) 210 PRINT"USE 4 LETTER NAME ONLY 70 DATAAAA,BBBB , CCCC ,DDDD ,ONYX ,L ":GOT01 90 ILY , OPAL ,PARK ,PASA ,SLOT , SLOU , COR 220 NEXT P,CLAR ,AUBE ,AURA , BRAN,BULL , INKY , 230 M=l0000 LEAR ,MEAN,XERO,YUGA , DUNK ,TRUM ,DO 240 REM * sta rt the races LL 260 REM * print main menu 270 CLS :K=l 80 DATATRAN ,WEBB ,RAJA,DECI ,STIR, 280 PRINT @33 ,"A YEAR AT THE RAC E NIMM,MILL,YULE ,NUTT,TELE ,ORLY ,CH S": PRINT@99,"ENTER THE NUMBER OF AT ,TIFF, BEAN ,MIST ":PRINT @l31 , "THE PROCES S YOU WAN 90 DATAYAMADA ,SMYTHE,RODRIGES ,TA T" : PRINT@l61,"l. SET UP THE DAYS PANILA,MERCKLE , JACKSON ,CHAN,SKIP RAC ES":PRINT@l93 ,"2. HORSE HIST SON,RITHIE , KLEGG ORY" :PRINT@225 ,"3. START THE DAY 100 DATA300,1400,500,400,1900 ,75 S RACES ":PRINT@257 ,"4. JOCKEY ST 0,500 ,3000 ,900,900,5000,1500 ANDINGS " 110 DATA" $800 CLAIMING" , "1600 CL 290 PRINT@289,"5. HOW MUCH MONEY AIMING" ,"ALLOWANC E" ,"HAND ICAP ST DO I HAVE " AKES " 300 PRINT@321 ,"6. PRINTOUT OF HO 120 FORI=lT040 : READH$(I) :NEXT RSES " 130 FORI=lT010:READJ$(I) :J(I,4) = 310 PRINT @3 85,"ENTER # OF "; 300: NEXT 320 INPUT"PROCESS";P 140 FORI=lT04 : READR(I,l) ,R(I,2) , 330 IFP=lANDSO=l THEN CLS : PRINT @ R(I,3) :NEXT 481,"RACES ARE ALREADY SET UP " :G 150 FOR�=lT04 : READR$ (I) :NEXT OT0280 160 FORI=lT040 :H(I,9) =-200 : NEXT 340 IFP=3ANDS0=0 THENCLS :PRINT@4 17 0 CLS : PRINT@32 , "WELCOME TO A Y 80 , "MUST SET UP RAC ES BEFORE RUN Listing continued

52 HOT CoCo June 1984 horses, number of places, and �---• nm:i i:m111.. -- ...... wins, SELECTED races, amount of winnings, and average "ELIMINATE CABLE SWAPPING"' speed. At a price NO ONE can beat' SOFTWARE After 10 days of races the year is FO R THE over. Entering a 1 from the main menu COLOR COMPUTER brings up the last screen, which shows NEW! HARDWARE DISCOUNTS: O Take the number of races your horses won off the price of two or TRANSFER SWITCH FEATURES 10% off the price of or morel and how much money you have. • CO-SWITCH lets your COCO SAFELY SHARE MULTIPLE 110 15% 4 devices Or one device to multiple COCO's (up to 11 t • Features highesl qualily rolary type swilch Up gradeComplete Yo ur solderless Color kits Computer! with RacingTips • Two-tone case has QIN conneclors (FEMALE) on back • Greal lor prinler. elc. Cable oplions available easy-to-follow instructions. For All Boards Past performances are important. If 4K-16K $19.95 For All Boards MOOELS AVAILABLE: 4K-32K $54.95 you have a printer, print the results of Pl·50C 2-way ( 1 in-2 . S29 95 ea For All Boards DUI) . 16K-32K $39.95 Pl·54C 4-way ( 1 in-4oul) S39 95 ea For E F Boards and each race for reference. If not, make 64K & Pl·5BC B·way ( 1 in·B oul) S69 95 ea Color Computer 2 frequent use of the horse-history screen. Pl·51C 11·way (1 in-11 oul) S79 95 ea $59.95 If TERMS: Cash. check. MIC. Visa Add S2 each for shipping possible, SPfJCify board revision with order. Performance at each class, distance, Note: All ICs used in our kits are first quality 200NS UPS 2nd day AIR add S3. C 0 O add S2 per order and track condition important. Prime Chips and carry one full year warranty. is SERIAL and CENTRONICS swilches available Please call lor A periodic printout of all horses from lhe las1es1 delivery and besl price on all your cuslom swil· 'REAL TA LKER' ching needs choice 6 is very handy. Jockeys are im­ Available lrom The Smart Link: COLORWA RE Voice Synthesizer with Votrax chip ready to plug in tatk. Comes .,.538 & portant, but cost goes up with a better SAB-LINK, Inc. with software on cassette user's manual. & NW Street Miami, FL Cartridge jockey. Intelligent betting can greatly Dealer Inquiries7301 welcome! 41 33166(305) 592-6092 $59.95 increase your pot of money. Likewise, .._ _...i SOFTWARE DISCOUNTS Take off the price of one, bad luck and large bets can deplete it. 10% off the price of two or Horses get fatigued if they race all the 15% off the price of or morel 20% 4 time. in mochine noted. COLOR COPY All programs oro 16K languogo unlou COLCOPY is a menu driven copy ulility that DATA SOFT The Program copies data files or programs: disk to tape. tape TAPE DISK to disk or disk to disk. It also kills files or " ZAXXON Sega official $39.95 $39.95 i32Ki version. The formula for determining who POOYAN $29.95 $29.95 programs .. •• official version. is Casselte & ciski32Ki Kooani going to was empirically derived. I indumd. Many oplions are provided: copies basic pro· • • official $29.95 $29.95 win MOON SHUTTLE Nichibu1su Cassette & cisk incltlded. examined three days of October races grams. machine language programs or data Yl!fsion. MIX (not counting maiden races) at Long­ files. allows seleclion by groups of filenames or TOM SOFTWARE " TOUCHSTONE Outstan 62.:J percent sales lax COMPUTERWARE " JUNIOR'S REVENGE $28.95 $31.95 to calculate scores for each horse in the DEALER INQUIRES INVITED 132KI " GRAN PRIX Chalkrlging race. $21.95 $24.95 132KI race. A random factor averaging about " DOODLE BUG Just �ke ladybug. $26.95 $29.95 two-thirds of the standard error of esti­ ANTECO SOFTWARE mate from the Longacres data is added ROMPAK ONLY 8-BALL the l-tablepoo "SCAN • For lover. $29.95 or subtracted from each score. Scores � ¢ e • GHOST GOBBLER Sjlectral OUT" by Assa. $26.95 Made in USA " WHIRLYBIRD RUN S!lecual $26.95 are sorted in descending order to find �;?) �""e; $24.95 by Assa. the order of finish. '\: CP �"< ADVENTURE INTERNATIONAL B' SAIGON: THE FINAL DAYS - A' 10 Swi1ch $24.95 You can change the racing days per AOVENTURELANO $19.95 - RS 232 G� �--�_- -- Analizer EARTHQUAKE $24.95 - year by editing line If you do not Elcelent. � "" TRIAD $34.95 - 440. i32Ki Elcollen1 ateade i""'· have a printer, disable the PRINT #-2 • SEA DRAGON Outstancing! - • 132Kl $34.95 commands by making lines 2880, 2910, � � II RAINBOW CONNECTION SOFTWARE TRS . . TRS .. Q� . MODEM MODEM RAINBOW SCREEN MACHINE and 2930-3000 REMrema rks. "SCAN • OUT" PRINTER PRINTER Tape $29.95 Disk $32.95 If you are ambitious, you can build in PLOITER CPU PLOTTER Extended Basic Required. code to buy horses or to have your SUPER SCREEN MACHINE Constant Monitoring. Designed for all horses bought in the claimers. Table 1 Built in A' to B' Selector. color Computers Tape $44.95 Disk $47 .95 Stays in line. (incl. MC-10) gives some guidelines to gauge your Extended Basic Required. Software Compatible. fm ish. • M.embled Plastic Enclooure. ORDER NOW Please note: Software & hardware cannot be mixed for discount. Line Corel< included. ONLY S24.95 • Requires Joystick ••Joystick Optional (add $2.00 f<>

.,. See List of Advertisers on page HOT CoCo Jun� 1984 53 99 Listing continued NING" :GOT02 80 NTER ANOTH ER HORSE" :GOT06 30 350 ON P GOT03 90 ,1070 ,1180,2650 , 720 HC=HC+l :RN(HC,l)=HS : CLS 2730,2850 730 PRINT @ l28,"ENTER TH E NUMBER 360 CLS : PRINT@481 ,"INVAL ID CHOIC OF TH E" : PRINT@l60 ,"JOCKEY YOU WA E, TRY AGAIN":GOT0280 NT TO RIDE" : PRINT@l92 ,H$ (HS) 370 IFBE(A,1) =0 TH EN BP=0 : GOT022 740 PRINT@227 ,"0R" :PRINT@256 , "TY 70 PE 'J' TO SEE JOCKEYS " 380 REM * setup the days races 750 INPUT"===>" ;JC$ 390 M=M-250 760 IFJC$="J" THEN K=2 :GOSUB2650 400 FORI=lT020 :RN(I,1) = 0:RN(I,2) :CLS :GOT07 30 =0 : NEXT 770 JC=VAL (JC$) 410 WE=RND (5) :IFWE=l TH EN W$="RA 780 IF (JCl0) THEN GOT07 90 IN " ELSE W$="FAIR" ELSE GOT0 800 420 DY=DY+l :HC=0 790 CLS : PRINT@448,"ENTER A NUMBE 425 IFDY>l0 TH EN GOTO 2770 R BETWEEN 1 & 10":GOT07 30 430 FORA=lT04 800 CLS : PRINT@64,"YOU HAVE CHOSE 440 L=RND (2) :IFL=l THEN L$="6 FU N "J$(JC) RLONGS " ELSE L$="1 1/16 MILES " 810 PRINT@l92 , "HIS FEE IS $"J(JC 450 R(A,4) =L ,4) :PRINT@256 ,"ENTER AN 'N' IF Y 460 CLS : PRINT@8,"BRINGMEE DOWNS " OU " : PRINT@288,"WANT ANOTH ER JOCK :PRINT@40 ,"DAY "DY" RACE "A EY " 470 PRINT @6 9,R$ (A) 820 INPUT"===>" ;JC$ 480 PRINT@l01 ,"LENGTH IS "L$ 830 IFJC$="N" THEN GOT0 840 ELSE 490 PRINT@l33 , "WEATHER FOR ECAST GOT0 85 0 IS "W$ 84 0 CLS :GOT07 30 500 PRINT@l65, "WINNER GETS $" ;:P 850 RN (HC,2) =JC:JS(l) =JC : M=M-J (J RINTUSING" ####";R(A,2) C,4) -R(A,l) 510 PRINT@l97 ,"PLAC E GETS $" ;:P 86 0 IFM<0 THEN GOT0 87 0 ELSE GOTO RINTUS ING" ####";R(A,3) 880 520 PRINT@25 9,"COST OF ENTRY IS 87 0 FORXX=lT010 00:CLS : PRINT@96 ," $"R(A,l) LOS E TH IS ONE AND YOU'RE" : PRINT@ 530 PRINT@323 ,"'Y'= ENTER A HORS 128,"IN HOCK BIG FELLA" : NEXTXX E" : PRINT@355 ," 'N'= CONTINUE" 880 JK=l :Y2=2 :GOSUB 910 540 INPUT" ===>";E$ 890 RETURN 550 IFE$="Y" THEN GOT0570 900 REM * fill out the race card 560 IFE$="N" TH EN GOT0580 ELSE G 910 Yl=l OT0460 920 JK=JK+l :IFJK>5 THEN GOT01 050 570 GOSUB620 :GOT05 90 930 HC=HC+l 580 JK=0 :Y2=l :GOSUB910:GOT05 90 940 HN=RND (40) :IFHN" ;HS$ 1020 JS (Y2) =JP:RN(HC,2) =JP 660 IFHS$="H" THEN K=2 :GOSUB1070 1030 Yl=Yl +l : Y2=Y2+1 :CLS :GOT0630 1040 GOT0 920 - 670 HS=VAL (HS$) 1050 SO=l : RETURN 680 IFHS4 THEN GOT06 90 EL 1060 REM * horse history SE GOT07 00 1070 CLS : PRINT@33 ,"ENTER THE NUM 690 CLS : PRINT@417 ,"INVAL ID ENTRY BER OF THE HORSE ":PRINT@65,"YOU ":PRINT@449,"ENTER 1, 2, 3, 4 OR WANT INFORMATION ABOUT":PRINT@97 H" :GOT0630 ,"===>" : INPUTHN 700 IF (HS=RN(l,l) )OR(HS=RN(6,l) ) 1080 IFHN40 THEN GOTO 107 OR (HS=RN(ll,l) )OR(HS=RN(l6,l) ) T 0 HEN GOT07 10ELS EGOT07 20 0 CLS : PRINT@72,H$(HN) NUMBE 109 II 710 CLS : PRINT@352,"I AM SORRY , B R "HN:PRINT@l64,"# lSTS ";:PRINT UT YOU HAVE":PRINT@3 84 , "ALREADY USING" ###";H(HN,l) ENTERED THAT HORSE":PRINT @416 ,"I 1100 PRINT@l96 ,"# 2NDS "; :PRINTU NA RACE. PASS OR" : PRINT@448,"E SING" ###"; H ( HN , 2) : PRINT@228 , "# R Listing continued

54 HOT CoCo Jun� 1984 Listing continued ACES"; : PRINTUSING"###";H(HN,7) :P RINT@290 ,"SPEED AVERAGE "; :PRINT US ING"###.#";H(HN,9 ) 1110 PRINT@322,"LAST RAC E "; :PRINTUSING"###";H(HN,12) :PRINT @ 386,"ENTER ANOTHER NUMBER OR" 1120 PRINT@41 8,"TYPE 'R' TO RETU RN " 1130 INPUTZ $ 1140 IFZ$="R" THEN GOT01150 ELSE HN=VAL (Z$) :GOT01 080 1150 IFK=2 TH EN . GOT01170 1160 GOT0270 1170 K=l : RETURN 1180 REM * run the days races 1190 WF=RND (4) :IFWF=l THEN GOTOl 200 ELSE GOTO 1210 1200 IFWE>l TH EN WE=l ELSE WE=2: GOTO 1220 1210 IFWE>l THEN WE=2 1220 FORX=lT04 : FORY=lT03 :BE(X,Y) =0 : NEXTY :NEXTX 1230 FORX=lT020 : HR=RN(X,l) 1240 IFX<6 THEN D=R(l,4) +9 :GOT01 270 1250 IFX1 TH EN S=2 ELSE S THREE EDUCATIONAL =H (HR,2) PROGRAMS OF 1983 BY 1310 JN=J ( (RN(X,2) ) ,2) 1320 Cl=0 : C2=0 80 MICRO READERS! 1330 IF(H(HR,14) +2) >C THEN Cl=l : C2=0 1340 IF(H(HR,14) +2 )l THEN F=2 ELSE F is one of the best educational programs of 19831 complet.e seven-part package takes you from =H (HR,l) This 1360 IFWE=l AND H(HR,13)= 1 THEN initial familiarization with the keyboard, through MU=l ELSE MU=0 typing words and phrases, to complet.e mastery of the keyboard. 1370 T=0 :IF DY/3

.- See List of Advertisers on page HOT CoCo June 1984 55 99 lis1ingcontinued HORSE NUMBER JOCKEY" 1860 IFSC( (Z-1) ,1) >RN(X,3)GOT01 8 1480 FORV= lT05 :U=U+32:PRINT@U ,H$ 80 (RN( (CT+V) ,1)); :PRINTUSING"##### 187 0 SC ( Z, 1) =RN ( X, 3) : SC ( Z,2) =RN { ####";RN ( ( CT+V) , 1) X,l) :SC{Z,4)=RN {X,2) :Y=l :GOT01 90 1490 IFR(A,4) =1 THEN L$="6 FURLO 0 NGS " ELSE L$="1 1/16 MILES " 1880 SC {Z,l) =SC { {Z-1 ) ,1) :SC{Z,2) 1500 Ul=Ul+32:PRINT@Ul ,J$( (RN( (C =SC{ {Z-1 ) ,2) :SC{Z,4) =SC{(Z-l) ,4) T+V) ,2))) :NEXT 1890 IFZ=2 TH EN SC ({Z-1) ,l) =RN{X 1510 PRINT@289,L$ :PRINT@303 ,R$ (A ,3) :SC{{Z-1 ) ,2) =RN{X,l) :SC{{Z-1) ) :PRINT@322,R(A,2) "TO WIN"R(A,3) , 4) =RN { X, 2) "TO PLACE" 1900 NEXTZ 1520 PRINT@352, "TRACK IS ": IFWE= 1910 NEXTX 1 THEN GOT01540 ELSE GOT01530 1920 IFA=l TH EN C=3 :GOT01 950 1530 PRINT@361,"FAST" :GOT01 550 1930 IFA= 2 THEN C=4 :GOT01 950 1540 PRINT@361 , "MUDDY":GOT01 550 1940 IFA=3 THEN C=5 ELSE C=6 1550 PRINT@384 ,"'R'= RUN RAC E 1950 D=R{A,4) +9 'B'= BET" : PRINT@416 ,"'H'= HO 1960 SC {l,3) =102-RND {40) :SC{5,3) RSE HISTORY 'J'=JOCKEYS " =SC ( 1, 3) -RND ( 4 0) : SD=SC { 1, 3) -SC { 5 1560 INPUT"===>" ;B$ ,3) 1570 IFB$="B" THEN GOT01 610 1970 SC {4,3) =SC{5,3) +.2 5*SD:SC(3 1580 IFB$="H" THEN GOT01780 ,3) =SC(5,3) +.5*SD:SC(2,3) =SC {5,3 1590 IFB$="J" THEN K=2:GOSUB2650 ) +.75 *SD :GOT01460 1980 WN=SC (l,2) :PL=SC (2,2) :SH=SC 1600 IFB$="R" TH EN GOT017 90 ELSE (3,2) :FO=SC(4,2) :FI=SC(5,2) GOT01 460 1990 H(WN,l) =H(WN,l) +l:H{PL,2) =H 1610 CLS (PL,2) +l 1620 PRINT@3 ,"ENTER NUMBER OF HO 2000 H(WN,C) =H (WN,C) +l:IFH (WN,C) RSE": PRINT @35,"YOU WANT TO BET 0 >l TH EN H(WN,C) =l N" :U=6 8:FORV=lT05 2010 H(PL,C) =H(PL ,C) +l : IFH (PL,C) 1630 U=U+32:PRINT@U ,H$(RN( (CT+V) >l THEN H(PL ,C) =l ,l))" # IS"; :PRINTUS ING" ###";RN( 2020 H(WN ,D) =H (WN,D) +l:IFH (WN,D) (CT+V) ,1) :NEXTV >l THEN H(WN,D) =l 1640 INPUT"== =>";HB 2030 H(PL ,D) =H (PL,D) +l : IFH (PL,D) 1650 FORV= (CT+l ) TO (CT+5) :IFHB= >l THEN H(PL,D) =l RN (V,l) THEN GOT01680 2040 H(WN,7) =H (WN,7) +l:H(PL,7) =H 1660 NEXTV (PL,7) +l:H(SH,7) =H(SH,7) +l:H{FO, 1670 CLS : PRINT@ 450,"TRY AGA IN" :G 7) =H (F0,7) +l :H(FI,7) =H(FI,7) +1 OT01 620 2050 H(WN,8 ) =( (H{WN ,7) -l) *H (WN,8 16 80 CLS )+l)/H(WN,7) 1690 PRINT@3 , "YOU CAN BET FROM $ 2060 H(PL ,8) =( (H(PL,7) -l) *H (PL,8 5 TO $500": INPUT"HOW MUCH?" ;AB )+2) /H(PL ,7) 1700 IFAB < 50RAB>500 THEN GOT0171 2070 H(SH,8)=( (H(SH,7) -l) *H {SH,8 0 ELSE GOT01720 ) +3 ) /H (SH, 7) 1710 CLS : PRINT@450 ,"ENTER AMOUNT 2080 H(F0,8)=( (H(F0,7) -l) *H (F0,8 AGAIN" : GOTOl 6 90 ) +4) /H ( FO , 7) 1720 CLS 2 0 90 H (FI,8) = ( ( H (FI,7) -1) *H (FI ,. 8 1730 PRINT@l ,"ENTER 1 FOR WIN OR )+5) /H{FI ,7) 2 FOR PLACE" 2100 H(WN,9) =( ((H{WN ,7) -l) *H (WN, 1740 INPUT"===>";BT 9) ) +SC ( 1,3) ) /H ( WN , 7) 1750 IFBT2 THEN GOTO 1760 2110 H{PL,9) =( ( (H(PL,7) - l) *H (PL, ELSE GOT01770 9) ) +SC ( 2, 3) ) /H (PL,7) 1760 CLS : PRINT@450 ,"'l' OR '2' 0 2120 H(SH,9)=(((H(SH,7) -l) *H (SH, NLY" :GOT01730 9) ) +SC(3,3) )/H{SH,7) 1770 BE (A,l) =AB:BE(A,2) =BT:BE(A, 2130 H(F0,9) =( ((H(F0,7) -l) *H (FO, 3)=HB :GOT01460 9) )+SC{4,3) )/H(F0,7) 17 80 K=2 :GOSUB1070:GOT01460 2140 H(FI ,9)=(((H(FI,7) -l) *H {FI, 17 90 HN=CT+l 9) ) +SC ( 5,3) ) /H (FI,7) 1800 SC (l,l)=RN(HN,3) :SC(l,2) =RN 2150 H(WN,12) =DY:H(PL,12) =DY :H(S ( HN , 1) : SC ( 1,4) =RN ( HN , 2) H,12) =DY:H(F0,12) =DY:H(FI,12) =DY 18H'J Yl=l 2160 IFWE=l THEN H(WN,13) =1 1820 FORX= (HN+l) TO (HN+4 ) 2170 H{WN ,14) =A : H(PL,14) =A:H(SH, 1830 Y=0 : Yl=Yl+l 14) =A: H{F0,14) =A:H(FI ,14) =A 1840 FORZ= Yl T02 STEP-1 21 80 H(WN ,15) =H (WN,15) +R (A,2) 1850 IFY=l THEN GOT01 900 21 90 H(PL,15) =H(PL,15) +R(A,3)

Listing continued

56 HOT CoCo June 1984 Listing continued. 2200 IFWN<5 THEN M=M+R(A,2) 2570 IFJ(A,2) <3 THEN J(A,4) =350 : 2210 IFPL<5 THEN M=M+R(A,3) GOT02620 2220 IFBE (A,2) =0 THEN GOT02230 E 25 80 �FJ�A,2) <3 .5 THEN J(A,4) =30 LSE GOT02240 0:GOT02620 2230 BP=0 :GOT02270 2590 IFJ(A,2) <4 THEN J(A,4) =200 : 2240 IFBE (A,2) =1 AND WN=BE (A,3) GOT02620 THEN M=M+BE (A,l) :BP=l :GOT02270 2600 IFJ (A,2) <4.5 TH EN J(A,4) =15 2250 IF (BE(A,2) =2) AND ( (WN=BE (A,3 0:GOT02620 ))OR(PL=BE(A,3) )) THEN M=M+BE (A, 2610 J(A,4) =100 l) *.5:BP=2 :GOT02270 2620 NEXTA 2260 M=M-BE (A,l) :BP=3 2630 GOT0270 2270 WN=SC (l,4) :PL=SC (2,4) :SH=SC 2640 REM * jockey standings (3,4) :FO=SC(4,4) :FI=SC(5,4) 2650 CLS 2280 J(WN,3) =J(WN,3) +1 2660 PRINT@l ,"JOCKEYS AND COST P 2290 J(WN,l) =J(WN,l) +l :J(PL,l) =J ER RACE" : PRINT @65,"# PRICE WIN (PL,l) +l:J(SH,l) =J(SH,l) +l:J(FO, S NAME":U=6 8:FORX=lT010 : U=U+3 2 l) =J (FO,l) · +l :J(FI,l)=J(FI ,l) +l 2670 PRINTUS ING" ##";X:PRINT@U ,J( 2300 J(WN,2) =( ((J(WN ,l) -l) *J (WN, X,4) ; :PRINTUS ING11#####";J(X,3) :P 2) ) +l )/J(WN,l) RINT@ (U+l 4) ,J$(X) :NEXT 2310 J(PL,2) =( ((J(PL,l) -l) *J (PL , 26 80 INPUT"===>11 ;XX 2) ) + 2) J (PL, 1) 26 90 IFK=2 TH EN GOT02710 2320 J(I SH ,2)=(((J (SH,l) -l) *J (SH, 2700 GOT0270 2) ) + 3) J (SH,1) I 2710 K=l : RETURN 2330 J(F0,2) =( ( (J(FO,l) -l) *J (FO, 2720 FRM ** display of money 2) ) +4) /J (FO,l) 2730 CLS : PRINT@l30, 11 YOU HAVE $"M 2340 J(FI ,2)=(((J(FI,l ) -l) *J (FI, 2740 INPUT11 ===>11 ;XX 2) ) +5) /J (FI,l) 2750 GOT0270 2350 CLS 2760 REM * close the year 2360 PRINT @5,"DAY "DY"RACE"A 2770 TW=H(l,l) +H(2,l) +H(3,l) +H(4 2370 PRINT@70,"R E S U L TS" ,1) :RR= (DY-1) *4 23 80 PRINT@l60 , "HORSE # SP 2780 CLS EED JOCKEY" 2790 PRINT@2, "THE RAC ING YEAR AT 23 90 U=l6l:Ul=l 80 : FORX=lT05 II 2400 U=U+32:Ul=Ul+32:PRINT@U,H$ ( 2800 PRINT@34,11 BRINGMEE DOWNS IS SC (X,2) ) ;:PRINTUSING"#######";SC OVER" (X,2) ;:PRINTUSING" #####.#";SC(X, 2810 PRINT@66, "YOU HAVE $"M 3) ; :PRINT@Ul ,J$(SC(X,4) ) :NEXTX 2820 PRINT@ 98,"YOUR HORSES WON "T 2410 IFBP=0 THEN GOT02 440 W"RACES " 2420 IFBP=l THEN GOT02 450 2830 PRINT@l30,"0UT OF"RR"RAC ES " 2430 IFBP=2 THEN GOT02460 ELSE G 2840 END OT02470 2850 FORI=lT040 2440 PRINT@354 , "NO BET" : GOT024 80 2860 PRINT#-2 ,H$ (I) I" WINS= "H (I 2450 PRINT@354,"YOUR BET PAYS " ,1) II 2NDS= "H(I,2) II RAC ES= "H(I, ;:PRINTUS ING " $####";BE(A,1) *2:GO 7) " WINNINGS= "H(I,15) " SPEED= " T02 480 H(I,9) 2460 PRINT@ 354,"YOUR BET PAYS " 2870 NEXT ;:PRINTUS ING" $####";BE(A,l) *l .5: 2880 GOT0270 GOT024 80 2890 PRINT#-2," 11 : PRINT#-2 ," DAY 2470 PRINT@354,"YOUR BET LOSES "DY" RAC E "A "; : PRINTUSING" $####";BE(A,l) 2900 IFWE=l THEN GOT02 910 ELSE G 24 80 PRINT "PRESS ENTER TO CONTIN OT02920 UE" 2910 PRINT#-2,"TRACK IS MUDDY" :G 2490 PRINT" 'P' = PRINTOUT OF THI OT02 930 S RACE" 2920 PRINT#-2 ,11TRACK IS FAST" 2500 INPUT XX$ 2930 PRINT#-2,L$ 2510 IFXX$="P" THEN GOSUB2890 2940 PRINT#-2 ,11 R E S U L T S" 2520 NEXTA 2950 PRINT#-2 ,"HORSE # SPEED 2530 FORA=lT010 JOCKEY" 2540 IFJ (A,2) <1 .5 THEN J(A,4) =50 2960 FORX=lT05 0:GOT02620 2970 PRINT#-2 ,H$(SC(X,2) )" "SC 2550 IFJ(A,2) <2 THEN J(A,4) =450: 2) II II SC 3) II II J $ (SC 4) ) ( x, ( x, ( x, GOT02620 :NEXT 2560 IFJ(A,2) <2.5 TH EN J(A,4) =40 2980 PRINT#-2," II 0:GOT02620 2990 RETURN END

HOT CoCo June 1984 57 STOCK MARKET SIMULATOR Have itch to invest the family fortune? an Play the game without risking your dollars with this simulation.

hinking of investing some of your stocks are steady. Some prices go up, knowledge of how it works, experience, Tcash in the stock market now that others down. and, of course, money. Wall Street is hopping? If you're a be­ •Dow Jones Average-an antiquated In real life, there are numerous de­ ginner, play Stock Market Simulator number arrived at by averaging the per­ vices you use to tell the good stocks before you decide to throw your savings formance of a few choice stock groups. from the dogs. Among these are com­ into the market. This simulator might The Dow Jones is used as a barometer pany profit reports, economic indica­ save you hundreds of dollars, and help of the stock market. If it's high, the tors, and hundreds of different types of you gain insight into prudent investing. market is considered safe and healthy. charts. Investors have used every type Before you play the game, look at the If it's low, approach the market with of advice from economic statistics to as­ elements of stock market investing. caution. trological charts. Forget about the complicated aspects A better approach than palm readers •Speculating-buying stock that is such as selling short, buying on margin, is to use common-sense strategy in buy­ selling cheaply in hopes that the price puts and Ginnie Maes, and com­ ing and selling stocks. The followingare calls, rise. There are other forms of spec­ modity trading. Those are for the expe­ will basic guidelines: ulating that you learn as you be­ rienced investors who afford to lose will •Buy low, sell high. can come more experienced. thousands at a time. Stick to the simple •Choose a stock whose value stay Strategy in the market is simple-buy will concepts of Wall Street. steady in a Bear market. First, a few definitions: low, sell high. This is an easy concept to understand, but difficult to follow be­ •Bull Market-prices for stocks are cause stocks usually don't behave pre­ System Requirements high, so values go up. dictably. There is no concrete method •Bear Market-prices for stocks are of selecting a stock that rise in value 16K RAM will low, so values go down. and give you profit. The only way to Extended Color Basic •Mixed Market-prices for most make money in the market is with 58 HOT CoCo June 1984 • Avoid speculating unless you can af­ Economic conditions affect the market. ford to lose. For example, if auto sales drop, stock •Follow the business news closely. prices of auto makers probably do will likewise. •Be brave, but not stupid. If the Bear Lines Description market chewing up the value of your is 16-. The simulator don't worry. Most investors feel that 2700-2780 millionaire routine. has three phases: Buy stock, Sell stock, way much of the time since stocks be­ 2790-2920 displays DW Average and and the CoCo, which creates economic have irrationally. • number of trading days. conditions and actions that affect data. Data format is situation, will 2930-4470 stock prices. Type PCLEARI before Address correspondence to Gary company number, price index loading the game. Wick, 1434 Rutledge St., Madison, WI for company that is numbered. Unlike real trading, you get no inter- 53703.

Ta ble I. Line Description Program Listing. The Stock-Market Simulator _l,0\..0_ 10 'XX=SITUATIONS,X= #COMPANIES 310 PRINT @234,"stockmarket" ; ��� 20 CLS (0) 320 PRINT@301 , "game"; 30 XX=63 330 XX=-1 40 FOR X=l TO 32: 340 FORX=l TO 500: NEXTX 50 XX=XX+l 350 FORX=lT0480 60 PRINT@XX ,CHR$ (36) ;:I F XX>=95 360 XX=XX+l THEN 90 : 370 PRINT@XX ,CHR$ (36) :IFXX>=SllT 70 SOUND 190 ,1 HEN400 80 NEXT X 380 SOUND 195,1 90 XX=96 390 NEXTX 100 FOR X=l TO 13 400 FORAQ=lT0 200:NEXTAQ 110 XX=XX+3l+P 410 CLS (0) 120 P=l 420 PRINT"do you want instructio 130 PRINT@XX ,CHR$ (36) ;:I F XX>=48 ns" ;:INPUTA$:A$=LEFT$(A$,l) :IF A 0 THEN 160 $="Y" THEN GOT0430 ELSE660 140 SOUND 190 ,1 430 CLS (3) 150 NEXT X 440 PRINT"OBJECTIVE OF THE GAME 160 XX=479 IS EASY-" ; 17 0 FOR X=l TO 32 450 PRINT : PRINT"MAKE MONEY BY BU 180 XX=XX+l YING AND"; 190 PRINT @XX ,CHR$ (36) ;:IFXX >=511 460 PRINT :PRINT"SELLING STOCKS ." THEN 220 ; 200 SOUND 190 ,1 470 PRINT@ 420 ,"ENTER ANY KEY TO 210 NEXT X CONTINUE"; 220 XX=l 480 I$=INKEY$:IF I$="" THEN 480 230 P=0 ELSE 490 240 FOR X=lT014 490 CLS (3) 250 XX=XX+3l+P 500 PRINT"THE STOCK PRICES ARE A 260 P=l FFECTED" ; 270 PRINT@XX ,CHR$ (36) ;:IF XX>=51 510 PRINT:PRINT"BY REAL LIFE SIT 1 THEN 300 UATIONS THAT" ; 280 SOUND 190 ,1 520 PRINT: PRINT"ARE CREATED BY T 290 NEXT X HE COMPUTER."; 300 PRINT @l73,"the"; Listing continued

HOT CoCo June 1984 59 Listing continued 530 PRINT@420 ,"ENTER ANY KEY TO 750 DIMSO (X) :DIMCV(X) CONTINUE" ; 760 FOR T=l TO X 540 I$=INKEY$:IF I$=""THEN540 EL 770 DATA AMTRACK ,CAT TRACTORS ,DO SE550 W CHEMICAL , DOUGLAS WEAPONS , EXXON 550 CLS (3) OIL 560 PRINT"THE DOW JONES AVERAGE 780 DATA GEN ERAL FOODS , GENERAL M CHANGES "; OTORS ,IBM , LILY DRUGS ,NY POWER 570 PRINT : PRINT"AFTER EVERY TURN 790 DATA SEARS ,UNITED AIRLINES ,U n • S STEEL ,WARNER BROS . o I 580 PRINT: PRINT"YOU MAY PLAY UNT 8 0 0 READ S $ ( T) IL YOU EARN AS "; 810 NEXT T 590 PRINT : PRINT"MUCH AS YOU CAN . 820 FOR T=l TO X II • 830 DATA 40 ,40,25,30,27 ,44,57 ,89 I 600 PRINT@420 ,"ENTER ANY KEY TO ,17 ,15,30,30,18,55 CONTINUE"; :I$ =INKEY$: IFI$=" "THEN 840 READ BV ( T) 600 ELSE 610 850 NEXT T 610 CLS (3) :PRINT"GOOD LUCK & GOO 860 FOR T=l TO X D EARN INGS"; 870 DATA AM ,CT,DC,DW,EO,GF,GM,IB 620 PRINT : PRINT"BUT WATCH OUT FO ,LD,NP,SE,UA,US ,WB

R THE •••"; :PRINT @234,"bear marke 880 READ SY$ (T) t" ; 890 NEXT T 630 PRINT@420 , "PRESS ANY KEY TO 900 FOR T=l TO X CONTINUE" ; 910 DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 640 I$=INKEY$: IF I$=""THEN6 40 EL ,0,0 SE650 920 READ SO (T) 650 CLS (7) :PRINT"PLEASE ENTER 930 NEXT T y OR TO ANSWER" : PRINT : PRINT"THE 940 FOR T=l TO X n COMPUTER. IT WILL SAVE TIME."; :F 950 READ CV (T) ORX=l TO 1000: NEXT X 960 DATA 40 ,40 ,25,30,27,44,57,8 660 XX=l 49 9,17 ,15,30,30 ,18,55 670 AD=0 970 NEXT T 680 AD=0 980 CLS (6) 690 DW=800 990 FOR SD=l00T0200STEP10 1000 SOUND SD ,l 700 1 INI�IALIZE VALUES AND STRI NGS 1010 NEXT SD 710 X=l4 1020 INPUT "DO YOU WANT TO SEE Y 720 DA=0 OUR PORTFOLIO (Y/N) ";P$ 730 AC=l0000 1030 IF P$="Y" THEN GOTO 1390 E 740 DIM S$(X) :DIM BV (X) :DIM SY$( LSE 1040 X) 1040 FOR SD=l00 TO 200 STEP 20

Listing continued

'� ·-·.·.- .-·,•-·::·•• � -::' · � -:------.-.. -- �·.�; 1- • • /// "CC" RISER : � TRSCOMPUTE-80R �8ubscnption DISCOUNTS � Problem? , •Factory Direct does not keep subscrlp· Hot Coco • Best Prices Anywhere tion records on the premises, • No Out-of-State Taxes therefore calling us only adds time • Integrates Keyboard and Monitor • Radio Shack Warranty and doesn't solve the problem. • Accepts TC 130 or similar color video 100% receiver •Free Price List Please send a description of • Useable with Cartridges or Floppy the problem and your most recent Disk/Controller address label to: • Lifts and tilts Monitor for easier viewing SCOTT TASSO • Custom molded of reinforced fiberglass • Silver-Gray or Off-White finish ASSOCIATES $3 7. 50 plus $2. 50 shipping & handling residents add sales tax 175 E North Delsea Drive NYS 7% Syracuse R D Center Vineland, N.J. 08360 IB1®1TSubocriptionCo Dept. co P. O. Box& 125 PO Box 975 ..-174 Dewitt, NY 13214 800-257-0426 Farmingdale, NY 11737 NJ 609·691·71 00 ..-510 ' Thank you and enjoy your subscription (315) 437-4089 60 HOT CoCo June 1984 Listing continued 1600 INPUT"DO YOU WANT TO SELL S 1050 SOUND SD,l TOCKS " ;Y$ 1060 NEXT SD 1610 IF Y$<>"Y" THEN GOTO 2250 1070 IF P$="Y" THEN GOTO 1390 1620 CLS 1080 CLS (3) 1630 FOR SD=l00T0200STEP10 1090 FOR SD=l00T0200STEP10 1640 SOUND SD,l 1100 SOUND SD,l 1650 NEXT SD 1110 NEXT SD 1660 FOR T= 1 TO X 1120 'BUY ROUTINE" 1670 PRINTS$(T)TAB(20) SY$(T)TAB ( 1130 INPUT "DO YOU WANT TO BUY S 2 4) II $ II CV ( T) TOCKS " ;Y$ 1680 NEXT T 1140 IF Y$="Y" THEN GOTO 1150 EL 1690 SOUND 120 ,10 SE GOTO 1490 1700 PRINT"WH ICH STOCK TO SELL 1150 CLS (2) SYMBOL) ":INPUT E$ 1160 FOR SD=l00T0200STEP5 1710 FOR I= 1 TO X 1170 SOUND SD ,l 17 20 IF E$=SY$(I) THEN 1760 1180 NEXT SD 1730 NEXT I 1190 FOR T=l TO X 1740 CLS (5) 1200 PRINT S$(T)TAB(20) SY$(T)TAB 1750 GOTO 1600 ( 2 4) $ CV ( T) II II 1760 CLS (5) 1210 NEXT T 1770 FOR SD=l 00T0200STEP10 1220 INPUT"WH ICH STOCK (ENTER SY 1780 SOUND SD ,l MBOL) ES II ; 1790 NEXT SD 1230 FOR I=l TO X 1800 PRINT"HOW MANY SHARES OF 1240 IF E$=SY$(I) THEN 1280 "S$ (I);:INPUT V 1250 NEXT I 1810 AC=AC+V* (CV(I) )-40 1260 CLS 1820 SO (I)=SO(I)-V 1270 GOTO 1130 1830 IF SO (I) <0 THEN GOTO 1990 1280 CLS (3) 1840 GOTO 1490 1290 FOR SD=l00T0200STEP8 1850 CLS (4) 1300 SOUND SD ,l 1860 PRINT @0 , "NOT ENOUGH . CASH 1310 NEXT SD TO BUY!"; 1320 PRINT"HOW MANY SHARES OF 1870 FOR T=lT0150: NEXT T II s $ ( I) ; : INPUT 1880 PRINT@64, "THIS IS ILLEGAL ! v n • , 1330 AC=AC-V* (CV(I) )-30 1890 FOR T=l TO 150 : NEXT T 1340 IF AC

HOT CoCo Jun� 1984 61 listing continued 2690 NEXT T

2100 NEXT SD 2700 PRINT @360,"dow jones AT •••" 2110 NEXT DN ;:PRINT @377 ,DW; :PRINT@448,"ENTER 2120 GOT02120 ANY KEY TO CONTINUE GAME. "; 2130 CLS (5) 2710 IF AC >999999 THEN GOTO 2720 2140 FOR SD= 100 TO 200 STEP10 ELSE GOTO 2790 2150 SOUND SD ,l 2720 FORX=lT04 :CLS (X) :PRINT@l97 , 2160 NEXT SD "YOU 'RE A MILLIONAIRE "; 2170 PRINT"CASH"TAB (24) "$"AC 2730 A$="T4;04;L8;G;L4;G;L8;G;L8 2180 FORT=l TO X ;G" 2190 IF SO (T)

62 HOT CoCo June 1984 Listing continued ,8,+2 3090 DATA AUTO WORKERS ON STRIKE ,7,-1 3100 DATA AM BUILD "SUPERTRAIN" , l,+l 3110 DATA TRAIN RIDERSHIP UP ,1,1 DYNAMITE-FM 3120 DATA PCB IS BANNED .3,-2 3130 DATA GOVERNMENT OK 'S PCB US E,3,+2 "THE CODE BUSTER" 3140 DATA NAPALM IS BANNED BY US disassembles any or 6809 6800 A,3,-1 machine code program into beautiful source 3150 DATA STEEL EXPORTS DOWN,13, -2 Learn to program like the experts! • 3160 DATA STEEL EXPORTS UP ,13,2 Adapt existing programs to your needs! • 3170 DATA AUTO IMPORTS UP,7,-2 convert your 6800 programs to 6809! • 3180 DATA AUTO SALES HIT SLUMP ,7 Automatic LABEL generation. • ,-1 • Allows specifying FCB's, FCC's, FDB's, etc. 3190 DATA OIL GLUT EXISTS,5,-2 •Constants input from DISK or CONSOLE. 3200 DATA AUTO TRAVEL UP ,5,+l Automatically uses system variable NAMES. • 3210 DATA CHRISTMAS SALES UP ,11, Output to console, printer, or disk file. • +2 Av ailable for all popular 6809 operating systems. 3220 DATA GEN FOODS EARNINGS DOW • N,6,-2 FLEX™ s100 per copy; specify 5" or 8" diskette. 3230 DATA DOG FOOD SALES UP ,6,1 OS-9™ S150 per copy; specify 5" or 8" diskette. 3240 DATA UTTLITY RATE INCRF.ASE UniFLEX™ S300 per copy; 8" diskette only. DENIED ,10 ,-1 For a free sample disassembly that'll convince 3250 DATA AIR TRAVEL INCREASES ,l yo u DYNAMITE + is the world's best disassembler 2,2 send us yo ur name, address, and the name o 3260 DATA IBM EARNINGS UP ,8,2 f your operating system. 3270 DATA JOHN DEERE SALES DOWN , 2,1 Order your today! 3280 DATA CHINA WANTS POWER PLAN DYNAMITE+ See yo ur local DYNAMITE + dealer, or order di­ T,10,l rectly from csc at the address below. we accept 3290 DATA RUSSIA NEEDS FARM MACH telephone orders from 10 am to 6 pm, Monday INES,2,1 through Friday. Call us at 314-576-5020. Your VISA 3300 DATA SPACE PROGRAM NEEDS CO or Mastercard is welcome. Orders outside North MPUTERS ,8,1 America add $5 per copy_ Please specify diskette 3310 DATA WARNER DECREASE STOCK size for FLEX or OS-9 versions. SHARES ,14,2 3320 DATA MOVIE ATTENDANCE DOWN , Foreign Dealers: 14,-1 Australia southeast Asia: order from Paris 3330 DATA FROZ EN FOODS SALES UP , & Radio Electronics, 161 Bunnerong Road (PO Box 6,1 380l Kingsford, 2032 NSW Australia. Telephone: 3340 DATA SAUDIS LOWER OIL PRICE 02-344-91 11. s,5,-2 3350 DATA SAUDIS RAISE OIL PRICE United Kingdom: order from Compusense, Ltd., S,5,2 PO Box 169, London N13 4HT. Telephone: 3360 DATA JAPAN LIMITS US AUTO I 01 -882-0681. MPORTS ,7,-1 Scandinavia: order from Swedish Electronics hk 3370 DATA W.GERMANY WANTS MISSLE AB, Murargatan 23-25, Uppsala S-754 37 Sweden. S,4,1 Telephone: 18-25-30-00. 3380 DATA NEW INDUSTRIES NEED EL .POWER,10,1 computer systems center Olive Blvd. 3390 DATA VIDEO PLAYERS SALES UP 13461 Chesterfleld, MO ,14 ,+2 6301 7 3400 DATA WARNER EARNINGS UP ,14, (314) 576-5020 2 ...-507 UniFLEX software prices include maintenance 3410 DATA DOW INVENTS NONPOLLUTA for the first year. NT SOAP,3,2 DYNAMITE + is a trademark of Computer Systems center. 3420 DATA DOW EARNINGS DOWN,3.-2 FLEX and UniFLEX are trademarks of 3430 DATA LILY INVENTS NEW MEDIC 05·9 is a trademark of Microware and Motorola.TSC. INE,9,+2 Dealer lnQulrles welcome. 3440 DATA DOCTORS DENOUNCE NEW M

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HOT CoCo June 1984 63 ,,. See List of Advertisers on page 99 Listing continued CCESS ,14,1 EDICINE ,9,-1 381� DATA STEEL WORKERS STRIKE,! 3450 DATA NEW DRUG CRIPPLES INFA 3,-1 NT ,9,-5 3820 DATA UA INCREASE FARES,12,l 3460 DATA OVERCOUNTER DRUG SALES 3830 DATA SEARS EARNINGS UP ,11,1 UP ,9,2 3840 DATA NY P&L BORROW $500MILL 3470 DATA GEN MILLS WANTS TO BUY ION , 10 ,-1 GEN FOODS ,6,3 3850 DATA LILY EARNINGS UP ,9,1 3480 DATA GEN FOODS WON'T SELL T 3860 DATA IBM BUYS OUT JAPAN COM G MILLS,6,-1 0 PANY,8,1 3490 DATA WHEAT SALES UP , 2,1 3870 DATA GM ANNOUNCES REBATE ,7, 3500 DATA EL SALVADOR BUYS RIFLE 0 S,4,2 3880 DATA GEN FOODS EARN INGS LEV 3510 DATA WAR BREAKS OUT IN MIDE EL OFF,6,1 AS T,4,3 3890 DATA STANDARD OIL LOWERS PR 3520 DATA COMPUTER SALES UP ,8,2 ICES ,5,-1 3530 DATA FOREIGN COMPUTER SALES 3900 DATA MILITARY BUDGET CUT BA UP ,8,-2 CK ,4,-2 3540 DATA OIL SHORTAGE CLAIMED ,5 3910 DATA DOW INVENTS NEW GLASS, ,3 3,2 3550 DATA MUSICAL IS FLOP,14 , WB 3920 DATA FARMERS RA ISING PRICES -2 ,2,1 3560 DATA R&R RECORD SALES DOWN , 3930 DATA TOURISM DECREASE,1,-2 14,-1 3940 DATA AMTRACK MAY SELL OUT ,! 3570 DATA C&W RECORD SALES UP ,14 ,-3 ,1 3950 DATA CAT MAY FILE CHAPTER 1 3580 DATA R&R RECORD SALES UP ,14 1,2,-4 ,1 3960 DATA DOW MAY BUY OUT DUPONT 3590 DATA C&W RECORD SALES DOWN , ,3,0 14,-1 3970 DATA DOUGLAS WEAPONS ASKS F 3600 DATA PIPELINE TO BE BUILT,! OR . LOAN,4 ,-2 3,2 3980 DATA HOLIDAY TRAVEL UP ,5,1 3610 DATA NY HAS BLACKOUT,10,-1 3990 DA�A FAM ILIES EAT AT HOME L 3620 DATA NY HAS BROWNOUT,10,-1 ESS ,6,-1 3630 DATA NUCLEAR PLANT COSTS RI 4000 DATA AUTO SALES HIT SLUMP ,7 SE,10,-1 ,-2 3640 DATA DOW SUED FOR FAULTY DR 4010 DATA AUTO SALES SLIDE DOWN , UG ,3,-3 7,-3 3650 DATA NAPALM SALES TO S.E.A. 4020 DATA AUTO IMPORTS DECREASE UP ,3,2 LITTLE ,7,1 3660 DATA DOW INVENTS NEW PLASTI 4030 DATA IBM EARNINGS HIT NEW H C,3,2 IGH,8,3 3670 DATA RETAIL HOLIDAY SALES 0 4040 DATA IBM IMPROVES COMPUTERS FF ,11 ,-2 ,8,3 3680 DATA UA MUST PAY BACK TAXES 4050 DATA COMPUTER SALES DOWN,8, ,12 ,-1 -2 3690 DATA UA INTRODUCES LOWER RA 4060 DATA TYLENOL SCARE EXISTS ,9 TES,12,1 ,-2 3700 DATA NAVY NEEDS NEW SHIPS ,! 4070 DATA ELECTRIC RATES INCREAS 3,1 E,10 ,2 3710 DATA IBM SALES IN CREASE,8,2 4080 DATA CLOTHING SALES INCREAS 3720 DATA GM OFFERS REBATE ,7,1 E,11,l 3730 DATA GM OFFERS REBATE,7, 0 4090 DATA RETAIL SALES INCREASE 3740 DATA CONSUMER SPENDING DOWN BY 30% ,11,3 ,11,-1 4100 DATA PRICE WAR DECREASES AI 3750 DATA NEW DW JET IS FAULTY ,4 R FARE.12,0 , -1 4110 DATA INDUSTR IAL CONSTRUCTIO 3760 DATA NEW GF CEREAL SALES UP N UP,13 ,2 ,6,2 4120 DATA VIDEO DISK SALES DOWN , 3770 DATA CHEMICAL EXPLOS ION KIL 14,-2 LS 123 ,3,-1 4130 DATA IBM SALES OF F,8,-2 3780 DATA LILY'S EARNINGS DOWN,9 4140 DATA JAPANESE COMPUTER SALE ,-2 S UP,8,-2 EARNINGS UP ,9,2 3790 DATA LILY'S 4150 DATA HOME COMPUTER SALES DO 3800 DATA WB 'S NEW SF FILM IS SU Listing continued

HOT CoCo June 1984 64 Listing continued WN ,8,-1 4160 DATA NEW TV SHOW FLOPS ,! WB 4,-1 4170 DATA LARGE BLOCK OF IBM SOL +FIRST AID + D .8,-10 4180 DATA RAIL WORKERS STRIKE ,!, TROUBLE FORMATTING PROGRAMS? -2 4190 DATA DROUGHT HURTS CORN CRO P,6,2 Rx: REUSABLE, DOUBLE-SIDED 4200 DATA BANK LOANS TO FARMERS DROP,2,-2 Programmer sketch pad 4210 DATA DC MUST CLEAN DUMP SIT E,3,-1 Now it's a breeze to locate any X, Y 4220 DATA PAKISTAN ASKS US FOR A location at a glance •..wit hout leaving RMS,4,1 your program. 4230 DATA US BLOCKS ARMS SALES T SEA,4,-1 0 Each location clearly numbered on 4240 DATA MIDEAST OIL PRICES ORO erasable laminate. Use it and reuse it P,5,-2 for years of accurate word processing 4250 DATA GM RECALLS 183 WAGONS, and graphics formatting. Instructions in­ 7,-2 cluded. 4260 DATA SMALL CAR SALES UP ,7,2 price only $12°0 4270 DATA FRANCE SELLS SUPER COM PUTER,8,-1 (shipping included) 4280 DATA LILY DISCOVERS NEW BIR (Calif. Res. add 6% Sales Tax) TH CONTROL PILL,9,1 Excellent for the beginner. .,224 4290 DATA LD BCP MAY CAUSE CANCE R,9 ,-2 4300 DATA LILY DISCOVERS NEW IND USTRIAL SUPERGLUE ,9,2 4310 DATA ENVI RONMENTALISTS BLOC REDCREST, CALIFORNIA 95569, (707) 722-4280 K NEW NYP DAM,10 ,-1 4320 DATA UTILITY RATES GET 10% HIKE OK 'D,10,+2 4330 DATA JUMBO JET CRASH KILLS 232 IN LA ,12 ,-1 STOP PLAYING GAMES · 4340 DATA 5000 STEELWORKERS LAID • Calculate odds on HORSE RACES with ANY COMPUTER OFF,13 ,1 using •SCIENTIBASIC.FICALL Y DERIVED SYSTEM really works. TV . 4350 DATA 2 MORE STEEL PLANTS CL Station WLKY of Louisville. Kentucky used this system OSE,13 ,-2 to predict the odds of the t980 Kentucky Derby. See Popular Computing (February. 1984) tor a review ol lhis 4360 DATA STEEL EXPORTS UP ,8,2 program. This syslem was written and used by computer experts and 1s now being made available to home computer owners. This melhod 4370 DATA JAPAN AGRF.ES TO LIMIT is based on storing data lrom a large number ol races on a high speed. large scale computer. STEEL EXPORTS TO us,8,2 23 factors taken lrom the "Daily Racing Form" were then analyzed by the computer to see how they influenced race results. From these 23 facts. ten were found to be the most 4380 DATA WB SUED FOR COPYRIGHT vital in determining winners. NUMERICAL PROBABILITIES of each of these 10 !actors were then computed and this forms the basis of this REVOLUTIONARY NEW PROGRAM INFRINGE ,14,-2 • SIMPLE TO USE: Obtain "Daily Racing Form" the day betore the races and answer the 4390 DATA SEARS AUTO SERV ICE UP , tO questions about each horse. Run the program and your computer will print out the odds for all horses in each race. COMPUTER POWER gives you the advantage' 11,1 •YOU GET: 1 ) Program on casselle or disk. 4400 DATA IBM LOSES LAWSUIT FOR 2) Listing of programs for use with any computer. BASIC on to get the needed data from the "Daily Racing Form." Instructions how PIRATING SOFTWARE ,8,-3 4)3) Tips on using the odds generated by the program. 4410 DATA AFRICAN NATIONS WANT N 5) Sample form to simplify entering data for each race. .,247 ------MAIL COUPON OR CALL TODAY------EW TRACTORS ,2,3 3G COMPANY, INC. DEPT. HT (503) 357·5607 4420 DATA BASEBALL CHEWING GUM S RT. 3, BOX 28A, GASTON, OR 97119 to computer for ALES UP, 6,1 Ye s. I want use my FUN and PROFIT. Please send me "Play the Horses" for $29.95. Circle the cassette you need: PET ICBM. VIC·ZD. Color Compu1er. 4430 DATA NEW NATURAL CEREAL SAL TRS-80. Sinclair Tnnex 1000. Alari Cornmodoie {disk or casselle}. 64 ES UP ,6,1 App!e (disk or casse!1eJ Enclosed is: check or money order MasterCard 4440 DATA COLORED CANDY CEREAL S D D D Visa i'91111'�r [ lEJ ALES UP, 6,1 Card No. Exp. date 4450 DATA DENTIST DENOUNCE SUGAR CEREALS ,6,-1

4460 DATA CIVIL WAR ERUPTS IN CH ADDRESS ------ILE,4,2 CITY STATE ZIP 4470 DATA BIG CAR SALES DOWN,7,- 4 START USING YOUR COMPUTER FOR END FUN and PROFIT!

,,, See List Advertisers on page HOT CoCo June 1984 65 of 99 GAME BY ROB AINSCOUGH AIRPORT CONTROLLER

his is CN6490, control tower." to control tower. You are asked how many planes you "This is control tower. We have "K9768 want to play. I recommend between 15 T Come control tower. Re­ you on approach on runway 7." in and 25, and no more than 52 because of "Check. Do we have clearance?" quest permission to land. memory limitations and available dock­ "Control tower. Switching to run­ ing space. way view .... We have medium-sized Do we have clearance?" After you enter the number of 707 K9768 on far end of runway 7." planes, the program displays the de­ "Do we have landing distance, tailed airport and sector maps. The air­ tower?" Airport Controller requires quick planes appear as small blue and green "Uhh ...OK! Clear for landing, thinking and efficient execution. This dots. Blue dots are large planes and CN6490." game is not exactly in accordance with green dots are medium planes. The "Control tower, we have touch the rules of real airport controllers as computer makes a sound after gener­ down ...Uhh, tower, we have insuffi­ the above conversation shows. No con­ ating all the planes. Play starts directly cient stopping distance. We are going to troller would allow another aircraft to following the sound, and you get ap­ crash. Emergency, tower, HELP!" land on an already occupied runway. proximately 14-15 minutes to land and dock your planes. The game always " ...Darn, we lost two planes. Let's You can break rules in this game be­ try to get the others down." starts out with the sector view (no cause you have only about 15 minutes planes start on the detailed view). to land and dock from 1 to 51 planes. The program run explains the com­ Your job is to land and dock as many as System Requirements mands for movement and other op­ possible. tions, but here are some hints on good 32K RAM Airport Controller includes instruc­ play: Extended Color Basic tions within the program, and is manip­ • Read the instructions included in the ulated by keyboard input (INKEY$). program. 66 HOT CoCo June 1984 •Don't move into any nonwhite (buff) area. A(#,type) This the dimensioned array is that holds the characteristics of each plane. • Planes can enter the red rectangular D the number used in the main programloop (D,type). D represents the plane. This is A Used with any command that requires keyboard input. landing ports from any of the sides (not $ INKEY$ DA Used when presetting previous inputted points for the coordinate. just the front). x • Be carefulwhich keys you hit. DB Usedwhen presetting previous inputted points for the y coordinate. A counter in a GOTO loop. Deals with the random number of times each plane •Use the V key only when necessary. c can move. is the crash counter at the end of the game. •Don't spend too much time thinking Also This is the random number that each plane can move (at least 10). about moves. M OUT Given a value when exiting the crash procedure. (One there is a crash, zero there •Use the shortest route to the docking isn't a crash.) area. NU This contains the value for the number of planes to be generated. • When a plane has landed andit is that L This is the counter loop used in reading data for the landing port coordinates. LA This is the random number of landing space each plane take to land. " plane's tum to move, move one space to will the side, and then move towards the M$ & A$ docking area. This allows another plane These contain the commands used in creating the detailed airport view. P$ &S$ ORA W ' to land on the same runway without a UD This is the number of planes that were not docked. D This is the number of planes that were docked. collision.• LN This is the number of planes that landed. DL The number of planes that didn't land. Address co"espondence to Rob Ainscough, 708 Cheyenne, Walnut Table Variables 1. Creek, CA 94595.

Program Listing. Airport Controller.

10 PCLEAR4 170 PCLS2 20 CLEAR 1000 180 DRAW "S24BM10,186;"+M$+A$ 30 CLS : PRINT@l09,"WELCOME ":PRINT 190 DRAW P$+S $ @175,"TO" :PRINT@231,"AIRPORT CON 200 PAINT(96 ,116) ,l,4:PAINT(255 , TROLLER" : PRINT @484,"PRESS ANY KE 100) ,l,4:PAINT(0,100) ,l,4:PAINT ( Y TO CONTINUE" 128,191) ,l,4:PAINT(l28,0) ,l,4:PA 40 A$=INKEY$: IF A$=" " THEN OT=RN INT(228,0) ,l,4:PAINT(228,191) ,1, D(l28) :OT=RND (96) :GOTO 40 4:PAINT(28,0) ,l,4:PAINT(28,191) , 50 CLS : PRINT@224 , "WOULD YOU LIKE 1,4 INSTRUCTIONS (Y/N) "; : INPUT A$ 210 REM GENERATES SECTOR MAP *** 60 IF A$="Y" THEN GOSUB 1880 ******************************* 70 CLS : PRINT@228,"ENTER NUMBER 220 PMODE1 ,3:PCLS : SCREEN 1,1 0 F PLANES ";: INPUT NU 230 COLOR7 ,5 80 IF NU >52 OR NU <0 TH EN 70 240 LINE(98,68)-(158,124) ,PSET,B 90 DIM A(NU,4) 250 COLOR8,5 100 REM MAP STORED IN STRING VAR 260 LINE(98,124) -(l06 ,132) ,PSET, !ABLES ************************* BF : LINE(l50,124) -(158,132) ,PSET, 110 M$="DlR2UlR2DlR2UlR27DlR2UlR BF : LINE (l50 ,60) -(158,68) ,PSET ,BF 2DlR2UlRlU2LlU2RlU2LlU1 8RlU2LlU2 :LINE(98,60) -(106 ,68) ,PSET,BF:LI RlU2LlUlL2DlL2UlL2DlL27UlL2DlL2U NE ( 88,68) -( 98,76) ,PSET,BF : LINE ( 8 lL2DlLlD2RlD2LlD2RlD1 8LlD2RlD2Ll 8,116) -( 98,124) ,PSET,BF:LINE (l58 D2RlBR2BU2" ,68)-(168,76) ,PSET ,BF:LINE (l58,l 120 A$="R2U2L2D2BR4RllU2LllD2BU 4 16) -(168,124) ,PSET ,BF Rl lUlL5H6D7BL2U7L2D7R2BUl0U8L2D8 270 LINE(l02,60)-(102,68) ,PRESET R2BR2E7R4UlLllD 8BU10RllU2LllD2BL :LINE(l58,72) -(168,72) ,PRESET:LI 2U2L2D2R2" NE ( 88,120) -( 98,120) ,PRESET: LINE ( 130 P$="BR17Rl 2U2Ll2D2BD2Rl2D8H7 88,72) -(98,72) ,PRESET :LINE (l58,l L5UlBR14R2D 8L2U8BU2R2U2L2D2BD13R 20) -(168,120) ,PRESET:LINE (l02,12 2D7L2U7BL2D7Ll2UlR6E6BD 9Ll2D2Rl2 4) -(102,132) ,PRESET:LINE (l54,60) U2BR2R2D2L2U2" -(154,68) ,PRESET:LINE (l54,124) -( 140 S$="BU10BL5UlL1 0U6L2D6L9DlR9 154 , 132) ,PRESET D5R2U5Rl0" 280 REM GENERATING PLANES ****** 150 REM GENERATES AIRPORT MAP ** ******************************* ******************************** 290 FOR D=l TO NU 160 PMODE l,l:PCLS : SCREEN 1,1 300 X= (RND(l28) -1) *2:Y=(RND(96) -

listing continued

HOT CoCo June 1984 67 Listing conlinued 1) * 2 720 GOTO 580 3 T=RND ( 2) +l 730 SOUND 150 ,5 lfil 320 GOSUB 400 740 RETURN 330 IF ST=l TH EN ST=0 : GOTO 300 750 REM SECTOR SCREEN MOVEMENT * 340 IF ((X >=86 AND X<=l70) AND ( ****************************** Y>=5 8 AND Y<=l34) ) OR (X<=24 OR 760 PMODE l,3:SCREEN 1,1 X>=230 OR Y<=20 OR Y>=l76) TH EN 770 M=RND(5) +9 300 780 C=C+l :IF C=M+l THEN C=0 : GOTO 350 A(D,0) =X:A(D,l) =Y:A(D,2) =T:A 97 0 (D,3) =0 790 IF TIMER>=50000 TH EN GOTO 15 360 PSET (A(D,0) ,A(D,l) ,A(D,2) ) 30 370 NEXT D 800 DA=0:DB=0 380 SOUND 200,4 810 PSET(A(D,0) ,A(D,l) ,A(D,2) ) :A 390 GOTO 460 $=INKEY$: IF A$="" TH EN OT=RND (5) 400 REM CHECK TO MAKE SURE PLANE :PRESET(A(D,0) ,A(D,l) ) :GOTO 810 S DON 'T APPEAR TWICE ********** 820 IF A$=CHR$ (94) TH EN A(D,l) =A 41 0 FOR B=l TO D-1 (D,l) -2:DB=+2 420 IF ST=l TH EN 440 830 IF A$=CHR$ (10) THEN A(D,l) =A 430 IF A(B,0) =X AND A(B,l) =Y THE (D,1) +2 :DB=-2 N ST=l 840 IF A$=CHR$ (8) TH EN A(D,0) =A( 440 NEXT B D,0) -2 :DA=+2 / 450 RETURN 85 0 IF A$=CHR$ (9) THEN A(D,0) =A( I 460 TIMER=0 D,0) +2 : DA=-2 47 0 REM LOOP FOR MAIN PROGRAM RU 860 IF A$="V" TH EN GOTO 1480 N ***************************** 87 0 IF A(D,0) >255 THEN A(D,0) =25 480 FOR D=l TO NU 5 490 C=0 : A$=INKEY $ 880 IF A(D,0) <0 THEN A(D,0) =0 500 IF TIMER>=50000 THEN GOTO 15 890 IF A(D,1) >191 THEN A(D,1) =19 30 1 510 IF A(D,4) =2 OR A(D,4) =1 THEN 900 IF A(D,1) <0 THEN A(D,1) =0 530 910 IF PPOINT(A(D,0) ,A(D,l) ) =8 T 520 IF A(D,3) = 1 THEN GOSUB 550 E HEN GOTO 1030 LSE GOSUB 750 920 GOSUB 1260 530 NEXT D 930 IF OUT=l TH EN OUT=0 : RETURN 540 GOTO 470 940 PSET(A(D,0) ,A(D,l) ,A(D,2 ) ) :P 550 REM DETAIL SCREEN MOVEMENT * RESET(A(D,0) +DA,A(D,l) +DB) ****************************** 950 RESTORE 560 PMODE l,l:SCREEN 1,1 960 GOTO 780 57 0 M=RND(5) +9 97 0 SOUND 150 ,4 580 C=C+l :IF C=M+l TH EN C=0 : GOTO 980 RETURN 730 990 REM CHECK DOCKING ********** 585 DB=0 :DA= 0 ****************************** 590 IF TIMER>=50000 TH EN GOTO 15 1000 PSET(A(D,0) ,A(D,l) ,A(D,2) ) 30 1010 IF (A(D,0) >=62 AND A(D,0) <= 600 PSET(A(D,0) ,A(D,l) ,A(D,2) ) :A 192 AND A(D,1) >=92 AND A(D,l) <=l $=INKEY$: IF A$="" THEN PRESET (A( 06) OR (A(D,0) >=114 AND A(D,0) <= D, 0) ,A (D, 1) ) : OT=RND ( 5) :GOTO 600 134 AND A(D,1) >=58 AND A(D,l) <=l 610 PRESET (A(D,0) ,A(D,l) ) 34) THEN A(D,4 ) =l :C=0 :DA= 0 :DB=0 : 620 IF A$=CHR$ ( 94) THEN A(D,l) =A PLAY "T602Vl 0ABCP25V25DEFGP2001AO (D,l) -2 :DB=+2 2A03A04A05A" : GOTO 2190 630 IF A$=CHR$ (10) TH EN A(D,l) =A 1020 GOTO 710 (D,1) +2 :DB=-2 1030 REM LANDING PLANE ********* 640 IF A$=CHR$ (8) THEN A(D,0) =A( ******************************* D,0)- 2:DA= +2 1040 L=L+l :IF L=l7 TH EN L=0 : GOTO 650 IF A$=CHR$ (9) THEN A(D,0) =A( 920 D,0) +2:DA=-2 1050 READ S,T,Q,R,V,K 660 IF A$="D" THEN GOTO 990 1060 IF A(D,0) >=S AND A(D,0) <=T 670 IF A$="S" TH EN PSET(A(D,0) ,A AND A(D,l) >=Q AND A(D,l) <=R THEN ( D, 1) , A ( D, 2) ) : RETURN PRESET(A(D,0) +DA,A(D,l) +DB ) :A(D 680 GOSUB 1260 ,0)=V:A(D,l) =K:A(D,3)=l : GOTO 108 690 IF OUT=l TH EN OUT=0: RETURN 0 700 PSET(A(D,0) ,A(D,l) ,A(D,2) ) :P 1070 GOTO 1040 RESET(A(D,0) +DA,A(D,l) +DB) 1080 PMODE l,l:SCREEN 1,1 710 DA=0 :DB=0 1090 L=0 Listing continued

68 HOT CoCo June 1984 Listing continued

1100 LA=INT ((RND(30) +4 8) *A (D,2) / 1300 REM DEALING WITH A PLANE CR 2) ASH *************************** 1110 IF A(D,1) =6 THEN NY=+2 :NX=0 1310 PLAY"T750 2ABCDEFGABCDEFGABC :DB=-2 :DA= 0 DEFGABCDEFG" 1120 IF A(D,1) =1 84 THEN NY=-2 :NX 1320 IF PPO I·NT (A(D,0) ,A(D,l) ) <>8 =0 :DB=+2 :DA=0 THEN PRESET(A(D,0) ,A(D,l) ) :PRES 1130 IF A(D,0) =10 TH EN NX=+2 : NY= ET (A(D,0) +DA ,A(D,l) +DB) 0:DA=-2 :DB=0 1330 IF PPOINT (A(D,0) ,A(D,l) ) =8 1140 IF A(D,0) =244 THEN NX=-2:NY THEN PRESET (A(D,0) +DA,A(D,l) +DB =0 :DA=+2 :DB=0 ) 1150 FOR FF=l TO LA 1340 A(D,4) =2:GOSUB 1360 1160 GOSUB 1260 1350 RETURN 1170 IF OUT=0 THEN PSET(A(D,0) ,A 1360 REM CHECKING FOR PLANES IN (D,l) ,A(D,2) ) ONE AREA ********************** 1180 A(D,0)=A(D,0) +NX :A(D,l)=A(D 1370 FOR B=l TO NU ,l) +NY 1380 IF A(D,3) =1 THEN GOTO 1390 1190 IF OUT=! THEN OUT=0: RETURN ELSE GOTO 1430 1200 PRESET (A(D,0) +DA,A(D,l) +DB) 13 90 IF A(B,3) <>1 TH EN 1460 1210 NEXT FF 1400 IF B=D THEN 1460 1220 PSET(A(D,0) ,A(D,l) ,A (D,2) ) 1410 IF A(D,0) =A(B,0) AND A(D,l) 1230 SOUND 150 ,5 =A (B,l) TH EN A(B,4) =2 1240 C=0 :L=0 : RESTORE 1420 GOTO 1460 1250 RETURN 1430 IF A(B,3) <>0 THEN 1460 1260 REM CHECK ING FOR A CRASH ** 1440 IF B=D TH EN 1460 ******************************* 1450 IF A(D,0) =A (B,0) AND A(D,l) 1270 RESTORE =A (B,l) TH EN A(B,4) =2 1280 IF PPOINT (A(D,0) ,A(D,l) ) <>5 1460 NEXT B TH EN OUT=l :C=0 :L=0 :GOSUB 1300 1470 RETURN 1290 RETURN 1480 REM CHANGING THE VIEWS **** UstinK continued

· · · · · · · · · · · · · · .·.·. .· · ·.·.· ·. . ·.·. . . .- .·. .· · · · · ·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·. .·. .·.· .·.·.·.·.·. ·.·.·.· ·.·.-,·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.· ·.·.· · ·.·.·.·.·.·.·.· · ·.·.·.·.·...... · . . .· . ·.·. . .·. . · . . . .

. - .. . · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · . · · · · · · ·.·.· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · . · · · · · · · . 1...... · · · . · · I. . .r-1...... 1_1...... L. . . . . � · · -. . . . �=;� - c:· = ..F.� . . . " .E . 11 11 · · · · ·E· : . . . . �r-·1...... � :: ' := c:oL1 1R I :HHRHCT ER GEriE��RT OR HRS RLL STANDARD FEATURES HRS MRNY MORE FERTURES - Total of l character sizes, from THRN HIGHER PRI CED PROGRAMS to 0 8*4 42*24. - Print s vertically. - Mi>: te>:t graphics in any PMODE. - Pos. neg. screen dumps in sizes. & & 2 - Mix up to character sizes in colors defineable limited te>: t screens can 5 4 - 4 on one screen. limit the te>: t anywhere from a single - Recognizes all commands keys. & character to the entire screen. - Full underline in all PMOOES. - Regular and gr aphic scroll types. - Recognizes CLS, PRINTTAB, PRINT@, as - Horizontally scrolling one line screens. well as its own cursor controls. Up to 4 can be used at the same time. sample BASIC programs. - Special trace delay for debugging. - Includes 2 - Printer control outputs characters to

�� screen printer simultaneously. INCENTP.O.IV EBOX SOFTWA RE & 7281 Port Huron MI U. S.A. MIN.

.- See List of Advertisers on page HOT CoCo June 1984 69 99 Listing continued

******************************* DARIES. THE PLANES COME IN TWO S 1490 PMODE l,l:SCREEN 1,1 IZES AND COLORS . BLUE DOTS REPRE 1500 A$=INKEY$:IF A$="" THEN OT= SENT LARGE PLANES , AND THE GREEN RND(30) :GOTO 1500 DOTS REPPRESENT MEDIUM PLANES ." 1510 PMODE l,3:SCREEN 1,1 1920 PRINT"press any key to cont 1520 GOTO 810 inue" 1530 REM END OF GAME *********** 1930 A$=INKEY$: IF A$=" " THEN GOT ****************************** 1930 0 1540 SCREEN 0,0:CLS 1940 CLS : PRINT : PRINT"THE BLUE PL 1550 PRINT@233, "END OF GAME " ANES NEED MORE RUNWAY SPAC E THAN 1560 UD=0 :D=0 :C=0 THE GREEN PLANES . I RECOMMEND T 1570 FOR Z=l TO NU HAT BLUE PLANES LAND ON HORI ZONT 15 80 IF A(Z,4) = 0 THEN UD=UD+l AL RUNWAYS . GREEN PLANES CAN LAN 1590 IF A( Z ,4) = 1 TH EN D=D+l D ON ANY RUNWAY . THERE ARE TWO V 1600 IF A(Z,4) = 2 TH EN C=C+l IEWS (SCREENS) IN THIS GAME ." 1610 IF A(Z,3) = 1 TH EN LN =LN +l 1950 PRINT"THE SE CTOR VIEW DISPL 1615 IF A( Z ,3) = 0 TH EN DL=DL+l AYS A BLUE SQUARE WITH COLORED I 1620 NEXT Z N RED BLOCKS PROTRUDING FROM THE 1630 FOR DE=l TO 700 :NEXT DE CORNERS . TH IS IS A SMALL , LESS 1640 CLS : PRINT :PRINT : PRINT DETAILED VIEW OF THE AIRPORT . TH 1650 PRINT" I THAT WERE NOT DOCKE E RED RECTANGLES ARE THE LANDING D"UD PORTS ." 1660 PRINT" I THAT WERE DOCKED "D 1960 PRINT"press any key to cont 1670 PRINT"I THAT HAD CRASHED"C inue" 16 80 PRINT "I THAT HAD LANDED"LN 1970 A$=INKEY$:IF A$=" " THEN GOT 16 85 PRINT" I THAT HADN 'T LANDED" 1970 0 DL 1980 CLS : PRINT: PRINT"YOU HAVE TO 1690 PRINT: INPUT"WOULD YOU LIKE ENTER THES E LANDING PORTS WITH TO TRY ANOTH ER TIME (Y/N) ";I$ THE PLANES . ON CE THIS IS DONE ; A 1700 IF I$="Y" TH EN CLEAR0 : GOTO DETAILED VIEW OF THE AIRPORT WI 20 LL APPEAR . DEPENDING ON WH ICH LA 1710 END ND ING PORT YOU EN TERED TH E PLANE 1720 DATA 88,98,68,70,10,12 WILL LAND ON THE CORRESPOND ING 1730 DATA 88,98,74,76,10,36 RUNWAY ." 17 40 DATA 88,98,116 ,118,10,156 1990 PRINT"YOU SHOULD SEE A DOT 17 50 DATA 88,98,122 ,12 4,10,180 (PLANE) MOVING DOWN THE RUNWAY . 1760 DATA 98,100,124,132,14,184 IT WILL EVENTUALLY COME TO A STO 1770 DATA 104 ,106 ,124 ,132,38,184 P (ASSUMING IT DOESN 'T CRASH) . N 17 80 DATA 150,152,124 ,132 ,214 ,18 OW IT IS THE NEXT PLANES TURN , A 4 ND THE PROCEDURE STARTS OVER. HO 17 90 DATA 156 ,158,124 ,132 ,238,18 W DO YOU KNOW WH ICH PLANE IS TO 4 MOVE NEXT? " 1800 DATA 158,16 8,122 ,124 ,24 4,18 2000 PRINT"press any key to cont 0 inue" 1810 DATA 158,16 8,116 ,118,244 ,15 2010 A$=INKEY$: IF A$=" " THEN GOT 6 2010 0 1820 DATA 158,16 8,74,76 ,244 ,36 2020 CLS : PRINT : PRINT"SIMPLY LOOK 1830 DATA 158,168,68,70,244 ,12 FOR TH E PLANE WH ICH IS RAP IDLY 1840 DATA 156,158,60,68,238,6 FLASHING. YOU WILL ONLY BE ALLOW 1850 DATA 150,152,60,68,214 ,6 ED TO MOVE YOUR PLANE A CERTAIN 1860 DATA 104 ,106 ,60 ,68,38,6 NUMBER OF PLACES . AT THE END OF 1870 DATA 98,100 ,60,68,14 ,6 YOUR LAST MOVE OF EACH PLANE , TH 1880 REM INSTRUCTIONS ********** E COMPUTER WILL MAKE A SOUND. " ****************************** 2030 PRINT " NOW LOOK FOR ANOTHER 1890 CLS : PRINT FLASHING PLANE AND CONTINUE THE 1900 PRINT"THIS IS TH E GAME OF A PROCESS. IF YOUR NEXT PLANE HAS IPORT CONTROLLER. YOU ARE TH E SI LANDED THEN A DETAILED VIEW OF T NGLE TOWER CONTROLLER OF AN AIRP HE AI RPORT WILL APPEAR . YOUR PLA ORT . YOU HAVE TO LAND AND DOCK A NE WILL BE FLASHING; PROCEED TO N INPUTED NUMBER OF PLANES WITHI MOVE IT TOWARDS THE DOCKING AREA N 15 MIN UTES ." . n 1910 PRINT"ALL AIRPORT RULES CAN 2040 PRINT"press any key to cont BE BROKEN EXCEPT CRASHING INTO inue" OTHER PLANES AND/OR AIRPORT BOUN 2050 A$=INKEY$: IF A$=" " THEN GOT Listing continued

70 HOT CoCo June 1984 listing continued 2050 0 2060 CLS :PRINT: PRINT"THERE ARE F IVE KEYS THAT CAN BE PRESSED DUR ING THE SECTOR VIEW MODE. THESE l *Hurricane Analys i s S ystem ARE LEFT ARROW TO MOVE LEFT , RIG IST�l HT ARROW TO MOVE RIGHT, UP ARROW Gulf Atlannc· TO MOVE UP , AND DOWN ARROW TO M ' * 1 S �'' 1111"11 § ' ,,,,,, S OVE DOWN. " ""''''"'� . ,,,,,,* """'"'""' § *'' Caribbean """""'" 2070 PRINT"IN ADDITION , YOU CAN §� PRESS THE V KEY AND A DETAILED V § K Color Computer, Ext. Baste S 32 IEW OF THE AIRPORT AND PLANES LA � . Cassette or Disk § § NDED WILL APPEAR (PRESS ANY KEY Menu Driven § TO RETURN) • IF ANY OTHER KEY IS SN S All Graphics · Mode § PRESSED THEN YOUR PLANE WILL CRA § * High Resolution Maps § SH INSTANTLY (EXCLUDING V MODE) . II � Loads and Stores DATA FILES � 20 80 PRINT"press any key to cont S § Produces LISTINGS inue" 8 PLOTS Storm Track, Winds and Pressure I 2090 A$=INKEY$:IF A$="" THEN GOT COMPUTES TRUE Heading, Speed, 2090 � 0 § and Distance Data § 2100 CLS :PRINT:PRINT"I N THE DETA plus THREAT FAC TORS for Cities 10 § ILED VIEW MODE YOU MAY PRESS SIX - DIFF ERENT KEYS . THEY ARE THE AB TA PE § DISK - $19.95 $ 24.95 _ S OVE FOUR ARROW KEYS , AND THE D A I Storm Data ; Ta pe Di S sk ND S KEYS . IF THE D KEY IS PRESS § 1978-83 3.95, 6.95 ED THEN YOU PLANE WILL DOCK IF I Send SASE for More Information _ _ _:42s T IS IN THE CORRECT AREA. " � LOG 2110 PRINT"THE DOCKING AREA IS T IX SYSTEMS Lmtd. § P. O� BOX WEBSTER, TEXAS HE PLUS SHAP E BUILDING IN THE CE 8 57012 7759 NTER OF THE SCREEN . YOU MAY DOCK - a § WITH IN TWO SPACES OF TH E EIGHT �.r.-cr.r.r.r.;=r.r.r.r.r..r.;=r..r�..r.r..rJ:r.O"..r.r..r..r.r�.ol LONG SIDES . THE S KEY IS SIMPLY STOPPING THE PLANE FROM MOVING , AND PLAY WILL RESUME WITH TH E NE XT PLANE" 2120 PRINT"press any key to cont inue" 2130 A$=INKEY$: IF A$=" " THEN GOT I HAVE SOMETHING 2130 0 For TO SAY!a program you con 2140 CLS : PRINT :PRINT"IF YOU MOVE as lirrle as 46 cents enjoy grear gomes lil(I\ 21 80 RETURN QVEr\S(A5 AOO i 10.00 TO SU!lS.CNPTION � ANO S 1 00 10 S:NGLE COPIB

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72 HOT CoCo June 1984 Subroutines To Go

elp yourselfto Machine-Language Subroutines fo r the Ma chine-Language Subroutinesfo r the Color Co mputer HColor Co mputer. It's a library of useful ready-to-use David D. McLeod ISBN 0-88006-070-0 CC7404 81/2x11 machine-language routines. Eachsubroutine is on the cas­ $29. 95 cassette included sette that is included in the package. Many of the routines can used in BASIC as well as machine-language pro­ be grams. You'll find ROM subroutines, which are located in the To order order, call toll-free for credit card orders. interpreter ROMs of the Color Computer, and RAM subrou­ To 1-800-258-5473 tines, a collection of routines written by David Mcleod. Or mail your order with check or money order or complete credit card information to : Wayne Green Books, Retail Sales, Peterborough, Please include $3.00 per book for NH 03458. shipping and handling. WGBooks are also available at your Whats inside local bookstore . Dealer inquiries invited. Available May 1984. Each chapter contains a specific category of routine, giving a Please allow 4-6 weeks for delivery. Orders are payable in six-letter filename for each routine, a brief description of the U.S. dollars only. .,-331 routine and what it does, entry and exit requirements and a r------program listing or sample call. You'll learn about Color copies of BASIC 1.1, Extended BASIC 1.0, Disk BASIC 1.0, numeric 0 Ye s ... Send me Machine-Language Subroutinesfo r the Color Computer (CC7404) conversions, data processing routines, keyboard input rou­ for at $29.95 each, plus $3.00per book shipping and handllng. tines, text output using high-resolution graphics, tape/disk in­ D D MasterCard D D Am. put/output and multiple precision routines. payment enclosed Visa Ex.

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Use small computers to solve mainframe-sized problems. Continue theory study with this tutorial.

ast month, in Part I of this article, ments and modifications to Stars that Lyou explored lattice structures test the behavior or dynamics of these and Monte Carlo methods as they are hypothetical worlds. Before these con­ used in the Basic program, Stars. I con­ siderations, however, you must look at tinue to look at these methods in terms the following. of using small computers for big prob­ lems, and the sort of mathematics and Sources of Error program structures most suitable. Higher-level languages such as Basic Lattice-type programs are good for usually include floating-point arith­ simulating miniature universes that you metic routines indispensable for day-to­ can study on the monitor screen. You day use of the computer, or quick, also find some suggested experi- rough calculation. Unless, however, will

HOT CoCo June 1984 75 they include some provision for indefi­ tion techniques. You have to compro­ series range, about three times as many nitely increasing the precision (signifi­ mise between speed, accuracy, and below as above the three-quarter point, cant figures), they are useless for many available memory. and so on. scientific purposes. Color Basic does include the standard Repetition in the series is a violation Arithmetic routines have properties transcendental functions, but they are of the first definition of randomness. similar to the dynamic range and signal­ of limited accuracy. Serious users need­ Cyclical elevations and depressions of to-noise ratio of amplifiers. The tl1,le ing transcendentals can add fast ma­ the values that escape detection because dynamic range of an algorithm is re­ chine-language subroutines based on they do not repeat exactly can be just as stricted by the number of bits available CORDIC (coordinate rotation) tech­ damaging when the results are pro­ to represent numbers. niques. cessed. Floating-point routines use exponen­ The prej udicing routine in the Stars Pseudo-random-number generators tial notation to artificially enhance the program uses Color Basie's sine and co­ are compact algorithms that define long range between the largest and the small­ sine functions for polar-to-Cartesian number series, therefore violating the est number that can be represented . conversion. Because of undefined first definition of randomness. This There is a consequent degradation of values, the plotted points drift over a does not, however, mean they are use­ numerical accuracy or signal-to-noise period of several hours. less. The best of them produce well-dis­ ratio, and such routines cannot handle a It is argued that lines forming tri­ tributed sequences that approach ran­ repeating fraction such as without angles or other shapes in the real world domness as closely as most practical Yi loss. are not infinitely divisible because they sources. Since the numerical methods of clas­ are really arrangements of discrete par­ There are tradeoffs in the design of sical physics use the floating-point rou­ ticles or space quanta, which are count­ these routines between distribution tines, data is leaking by the second . able at least in theory. New geometries quality, freedom from cycles or repeti­ Many problems require fine numeric have been proposed that would apply to tion, and computational speed. Within distinction. For example, if you are universes having finite numbers of the limits of its range, the RND func­ comparing the General Theory of Rela­ points. tion on the Color Computer performs tivity with competing theories, you look There is a unique geometry of this well compared to similar functions for answers beyond the 13th decimal sort associated with each prime num­ available on more expensive computers. place. Errors accumulate quickly. ber, leading people to speculate that the For accuracy, use several different Color Basie's floating-point arithme­ total number of particles in the uni­ sources of random numbers and keep tic is limited to nine digits. You can verse, large as it may be, must be prime. track of them so you can remove spuri­ sometimes use limited-precision arith­ If you must get the value of a trigono­ ous trends during cluster analysis. metic for finely discriminated results by metric function in an analysis, it might There are many techniques available using the numbers as ratios rather than indicate that you don't need accuracy for detecting distribution deviations values since errors tend to cancel out in on the quantum level, or that you don't and cyclical repetition of various sorts. the long run. If you repeat a calculation completely understand the problem. There is no test, however, that can abso­ with different or covarient parameters, The presence of transcendentals in lutely certify the randomness of a series. the average result approaches the true the Stars radial routine is not really nec­ value-you hope. essary. You can achieve similar effects Uncertainty The key phrase here is "long run ." It by integer manipulation orthogonal to Imagine a universe in the form of a is difficult to establish how often you the lattice. gigantic Life-type, three-dimensional have to repeat the calculations for ac­ lattice. Assume the grid is infinite. A curate results. The best way to solve the Randomness cell in the lattice can be either on or off, difficulties posed by floating-point op­ Even if you eliminate rounding errors indicating the presence or absence of an erations is to avoid them by using only and the effects of truncating infinite elementary particle. whole numbers. series, the application of Monte Carlo Remember that in Conway's version Integer arithmetic is easy to imple­ methods to integer-unit lattice struc­ of Life, the fate of a cell in the succeed­ ment in machine language while the tures still contains a potentially damag­ ing generation is determined by its im­ math of "real" numbers can be very ing source of inaccuracy in the random mediate neighbors. Imagine here that difficult. Machine-language routines number sequences being fed to the pro­ the fate of each cell is strictly deter­ can produce calculating time economies gram. In gambler's terms, is the wheel mined by the current state of all the oth­ of at least an order of magnitude. honest? er cells in the universe. This is a free Unfortunately, there is no pat way to adaption of what used to be known as Transcendental Functions answer this. The concept of random­ Mach's Principle. Text-book definitions of trigonomet­ ness seems to be one of those peculiar The rules that determine the fate of ric and similar functions involve suc­ notions that can be defined only in cells or particles in such a lattice are not cessive approximation by an infinite terms of what it is not. the object of concern here, but such a series of operations. Over most of the A random sequence is one that can­ universe is strictly deterministic. domain of these functions, the exact not be specified by any description or Any initial configuration of elemen­ values are expressed by endless strings algorithm shorter than itself. tary particles predestines all future con­ of digits. I refer to this as the first definition of figurations for all time. No detail of Computing transcendental functions randomness. However, a series that such a universe could be isolated or un­ by truncated infinite series involves a lot seems to fit this definition doesn't important. of costly floating-point arithmetic. It is always meet the distribution character­ But such a universe seems determinis­ much quicker to approximate the values istics needed for Monte Carlo experi­ tic only because you are thinking of it by some combination of table look-up ments. 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ZAXXON, Disk or Cass. DataSoft $29.95 PROTECTOR II, Cass. Synapse $29.95 Selling HOT CoCo will make DESERT PATROL, Cass. Arcade Anim. $21 .95 money for you. Consider the facts: $21.95 ICEMASTER, Cass. Arcade Anim. Fact 1: Selling HOT CoCo in­ FOODWAR, Cass. Arcade Anim. $22.95 creases store traffic-our dealers tell that is one WACKY FOOD, Cass. Arcade Anim. $19.95 us HOT CoCo of the hottest-selling computer CASHMAN, Cass. Comp. Shack $24.95 magazines on the newsstands. CHOPPER STRIKE, Cass. Comp. Shack $24.95 Fact 2: There is a direct correlation be­ tween store traffic and sales-increase the num­ LOTS OF PLAY FOR 16K ber of people coming through your door and you'll increase MOONSHUTTLE, Cass. DataSoft $26.95 sales.

$29.95 Fact + Fact 2 = INCREASED SALES, which SHAMUS, Cass. Synapse Fact 3: l FROG TREK, Cass. Oelrich $14.95 means more money for you. And that's a fact. 3-D TIC-TAC-TOE, Cass. Oelrich $16.95 For information on selling call 800-343-0728 Interested applicants send check or m/o HOT CoCo, to: (In N.H. call 924-9471) and speak with Ginnie Boudrieau, OELRICH PUBLICATIONS our bulk sales manager. Or write to her at HOT CoCo, 80 Pine Street, Peterborough, NH 03458. N. NASHVILLE 4040 CHICAGO, IL 60634 80 Pine Street Credit card orders, call: 800-621-0105 Peterborough, NH 03458 (In Illinois: 312-545-9286) v2BB 'l CoCo 800-343-0728

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PE,RRV COMPUTERS • DEPT. NO. A1 • 137 NORTH MAIN STREET • PERRY, Ml 48872 ..-124 tice. To someone actually living as part mensional lattice 65,535 cells wide, This raises the suspicion that forces of it, the situation is different. high, and deep. might be phenomena rather than Because he does not know the states This particular dimension is a result causes. of allthe cells in the universal lattice, he of the fact that 65,535 is the largest inte­ If you applied the same sort of statis­ does not know for certain whether an ger that can be specified by a 16-bit tical analysis to the phenomena of fall­ elementary particle exists at any given word. Memory overhead is now 6,000 ing objects as was applied to the distri­ instant in any particular space quanta or bytes. On the other hand, the more usu­ bution of stars in the sky in the first cell. al space-oriented routines require an in­ installment of this article, you might Remember the first definitionof ran­ crease in memory to accommodate a suppose that an orange falls because, domness. If the arrangement of parti­ number of cells that would be the cube from one instant to the next, the proba­ cles in the universe is truly random, and of 65,535. The Tandy-Microsoft float­ bility that it be closer to the Earth is will if a truly random sequence cannot be ing-point arithmetic rounds this number slightly greater than the possibility that specified by less information than is to 279, 149,246,000,000. it be further away. will contained in itself, then a complete rep­ The idea of crunching numbers on Obviously, things are more compli­ lica of the universe is needed to derive this scale could give indigestion to even cated than that. Perceivable objects are concrete information about the state of a supercomputer. One of the big De­ not indivisibly whole. They are more or even its smallest part. fense Department systems calculating a less stable constellations composed of Just because you can never be sure of million lattice cells per second might be huge numbers of subatomic or even the exact state of a region of space, it expected to come with a new configura­ subquarkic particles. does not mean that the world is ruled by tion of positions every few years if it Classical physics assumes infinite di­ chance. It might be only a natural con­ runs continuously. visibility of measurement. General Rel­ sequence of our limited knowledge of a It is sometimes possible to save a few ativity does also, and for this reason universe that is, as far as we know, in­ does not mesh well with the integer finite. math of quantum dynamics. These In the Stars simulation, you can im­ theories also assume a quality of matter agine the interaction field as extending " ...it app eared to the that might be called continuity of con­ infinitely beyond the small portion ac­ ancients that the runner stituent identity. That is, an ordinary tuallydisplayed on the screen. Since it is object is not only the same in general impossible to compute interactions on would never overtake form from one instant to another, but an infinite lattice, you use random num­ the individual particles composing it re­ the tortoise. " bers to fake the influence of the off­ main the same. screen positions. Because the unknown For an opposing analogy, the United universe is so large compared to the States Senate has the same formal iden­ known, its influence is extremely million dollars in hardware by changing tity as it did in 1900 even though none of smooth, well distributed, and unpredict­ a few lines in a program. the members are the same now as then. able, precisely the qualities valued in a Similarly, in the "growth from fixed pseudo-random-number generator. Lattice Mechanics points" variation of the program the The notion of force is so central to two clusters retain identity as perceptual Further Experiments the traditional mechanics that it is dif­ objects for quite a while even though It is a straightforward matter to in­ ficult to define except by synonym or none of the point members remain the crease the number of points or the size circularity. I define it as: A word same for more than one generation. and dimension of the lattice. The 16K generally found in the first chapter of Such associations when regarded as version of Stars manipulates 1,000 physics texts that must be accepted as an physical objects have interesting me­ points over a two-dimensional lattice article of faith in order for the rest of chanics. that is for computational purposes (i.e., the book to make sense. For one thing, movement of the possesses a known universe of) 255 cells More seriously, forces are thought to clusters is free from Zeno's paradox. long and 255 cells wide. This came convey action, change, or causation. This is the famous quandary raised by a about because 255 is the largest number Forces make things happen. An orange hypothetical race between Achilles and that can be expressed by a byte. falls off the table. Why? A force caused a tortoise. If an analysis of the motion Linkage to machine-language rou­ it to fall. Unfortunately, this simple was done in arbitrarily small increments tines is easy for datain this form and the view has never yielded consistent then it appeared to the ancients that the lattice roughly fits the Extended Basic mechanics. runner would never overtake the tor­ high-resolution screen. Overhead for Uncertainty, combined with the toise. storage is 2,000 bytes (1,000 points with equivalence of mass energy, might have Of course people went on to extend 2 bytes for x and y coordinates). some odd consequences. For one thing, the number system by infinitesimals and Expansion to three dimensions adds even in total vacuums, there is a chance invent calculus and the classical me­ one more coordinate and increases that energies might be high enough to chanics of motion, but the paradox has overhead to 3,000 bytes. The prejudic­ constitute a particle. Other theoretical never been completely laid to rest. ing routine needs to deal with one more and experimental considerations point With regard to the two fixed-point axis, but the increase in memory and to uncertainty as either the mechanism clusters, the question is: Will there be a computing time is modest. for, or as an effect of, the spontaneous tendency for the two clusters to gravi­ Expansions of space-oriented rou­ creation of particles from the vacuum. tate toward each other? That is to say, tines such as the traditional Life imple­ Evidence suggests the phenomena is a phenomena take place that an ob­ will mentations are usually more costly. augmented by the presence of nearby server might interpret as a force be­ Suppose you want to expand the routine mass. The Stars simulation is an explo­ tween them? to handle 1,000 points over a three-di- ration of this notion. The probability that a point die is will HOT CoCo June 1984 79 about equal over the entire lattice. But nal. In a prime-number-finding bench­ the birth probabilities are enhanced by mark test, the 370/148 computed the regions of each cluster closest to the "Ho w do home primes up to 10,000 in about a minute other because of the proximity of the while a 6809 running at 1 million cycles other cluster's points. computers compare with per second required a little more than You can basemany interesting exper­ mainfr ames?'' six minutes. Most Color Computers can iments on this model. The most obvious be made to operate their 6809Es at 1.79 is to keep track of the position of the MHz, so this particular test should take two clusters to see if their individual less than four minutes. centers of gravity approach or recede It is not yet clear how large a simula­ Of course, it is impossible to make from each other. tion would be necessary to demonstrate definitive comparisons between systems With a limited number of points, the structure of this kind, or if the particu­ so different. But you can say that run­ statistical noise is extremely high, so the lar lattice rules used here are consistent ning a Color Computer overnight on a clusters might disperse more than inter­ with such stable formations. Trying out long problem is roughly equivalent to a act. The remedy is to repeat the experi­ different sets of lattice rules is a poten­ couple of free hours on some common ment to get average tendencies, and to in­ tially rich field for experimentation. mainframes. ' crease the number of points as much as If you enjoy exploring what the Problems and Small Computers memory permits. The interaction-dis­ Big world is made of and how it operates, or tance parameter can be set in the pro­ Because microcomputers are small speculating about how possible worlds gram. Short settings result in tight and affordable, many think they are in­ might behave, you don't have to have· clusters that retain identity for a long appropriate tools for serious research. access to some unfriendly monster that time but interact only slightly. How do home computers compare with takes up two floors of a data-processing Another topic of interest is the for­ mainframes? If performance were pro­ center. The simple iterative procedures mation of stabilization structures. Or­ portional to prices, you might expect can be done by anybody with a personal dinary matter has many levels of struc­ the big systems to be hundreds of times computer and the time to let it run. ture that give it form and chemical more powerful. Those who can shake off the jibes of properties. Such structures may form James R. Lewis and Al Moreira the dinosaur keepers and the wide­ spontaneously (or by seeding or tem­ made comparisons between the speed of spread idea that everything important plating) as higher-order aggregations of the IBM 370/148 and the CoCo's Mo­ has already been discovered find an will the primitive, relatively formless clus­ torola 6809 microprocessor, which were open frontier to explore.• ters that have been the objects of study. Byte Micro lo ur- published in and 68

Address correspondence to Philip McL aughlin, 712 Roberts St., Denton, TX 76201.

• FULLY BASIC COMPATIBLE •DOUBLE SIZE CHARACTERS • DISPLAY FORMATS OF •ERASE TO END OF LINE HI-RES SCREEH UTILITY 28 to 255 � Double Hei9ht � CHARACTERS PER LINE •ERASE TO END OF SCREEN Movies • �HfH� or • FULL 96 UPPER LOWER CASE CHARACTERS • HOME CURSOR Sw i B•Il <::h.l bl• Fvt I SCr"••n !;:•v•rs• V 1 dott> �nc���:�� I�J�� n t • MIXED GRAPHICS TEXT OR SEPARATE •BELL TONE CHARACTER & GRAPHIC TEXT SCREENS • HOME CURSOR CLEAR SCREEN Two options offered by Part I Pro,ruu1bl• lin• l•n,t�.:i: fro .. 28 to 2:::;s ch.r•.act,prs & & IBRffli.Bn:mr.mmnn • INDIVIDUAL CHARACTER HIGHL!GHTING • REQUIRES ONLY OF RAM 2 8 C h .1 r .a c t 'Ii' r ,. • r I i n  2K last month (Program Listing 2, •REVERSE CHARACTER HIGHLIGHT MODE •COMPATIBLE WITH All TAPE s .. ��" 1 1 ' n• & 3�6 'c\•,.,..,.. !�1':;,s 1 n • •WRITTEN IN FAST MACHINE LANGUAGE DISK SYSTEMS View) allowed disk users to see • AUTOMATIC RELOCATES TO TOP OF 16 32K • AUTOMATICALL SUPPORTS 64K RAM 1 -1"h1'tl��,:u:E1". ·�·� ..... y or movie sequences. These not bvt T' �:,.., ��,.���,,..�s���1 12�,.� ;�;, ��· dy��i!�a� ��<·vt s WITH RESET CONTROL will • �EVERSE SCREEN I work until you produce proper ni �veijtrgnfoMPA1U�E'r ....�j ��j��·�L� �h�R !��$�•: • ON SCREEN UNDERUNE data by using the auto-save-to-disk $19.95 option in the Stars program. To Introducing The "Super Smart" produce data compatible with the DATA PACK D movie routines, you must enter a 1 Terminal Communications Sotware in response to the "save every (how

"FEATURES" many) generations?" prompt. • No lost Information When Using Hi-Resolution Display • Supports line Break Left running, the Stars program On line • Freeze Display and Review Information On Line • ASCII Compatible File Format • Send Files Directory from Buffer or Disk continue saving data until the • Full Text Buffering • Full Disk Support for Disk Version will • Terminal Baud Rates 300 to 9600 • Send Control Codes from Keyboard disk is full and a DF ERROR ap­ • Automatic Word Wrap Eliminates Split Words • Separate Printer Baud Rates 110-9600 • Full/Hal£ Duplex • Display On Screen or Output Conlents of Buffer to Printer pears. Each generation takes about • Automatic File Capture • Automatic Memory Sense 16-64K • Programmable Word length, Parity and Slop Bits • 9 Programmable Function Key Variable Length Macro Buffer seven minutes. • Save and load Text Buffer and Program Key Buffers • Programmable Prompt Character or Delay to Send Next Line to Tape or Disk • Programmable Control Character Trapping The controlled-movie option of • 9 Hi-Resolution Display Formats, 28 to 255 x 24 • Programmable Open/Close Buffer Characters • True Upper/lower Case Display • Automatic Key Repeat for Editing the View program asks you how • Kill Graphics Option for An Extra 6K • Program and Memory Status Displays many generations are recorded on DISK $44.95 the disk, but the movie option (first option in the program) assumes that there are at least IO (line 54100 of Listing 2). If either movie option attempts to read data not on the 5566 disk, an ERROR occurs. Ricochet Avenue NE Las Vegas, Nevada 89110

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------Subscription form .., Fill in th is form and send it I The choice is yours - and you can get to the appropriate magazine's subscription I department, c/o Business your first issue free if you subscribe now Press International, 205 I East 42nd Street, New York, NY I 10017. Please send me 13 issues of I Micro Adventurer D at US$33.95 I Dragon User D at US$29.95 I This is the usual rate for a I year's subscription (12 issues). I Name_ ------1 Address ------If you've ever been killed by the evil 1 If you want to make the most of your goblin, flamed by a dragon or 1 new Dragon computer, then you turned to stone by a wizard , then ------need This you need the Dragon User. - I I independent, international new magazineMicro devoted Adventurer to all Signature ______magazine for all Dragon owners is microcomputer adventures, war I I packed with software and hardware games and simulations. Date I ------1 advice. Each issue features: Please start my subscription Regular features: • Helpline and Contact columns I from the following issue I • Pages of program listings • Reviews of the latest adventures • Chance to win prizes • Competitions with exciting prizes $300 I This form should be I • Advice on which software to buy • Adventures to type in and play accompanied by a check • In-depth hardware evaluations • Advice on how to write your own I made payable to the I • Te ch nical advisory service adventures magazine to which I .,.27 • All the latest news • Profiles of famous adventurers you are subscribing. I ______...... - See List of Advertisers on page HOT CoCo 1984 81 99 June HARDWARE

BY JAMES J. BARBARELLO

ATARI JOYSTICK INTERFACE

f you've ever played video games Tired of joysticks that to drop the output to 0 volts (in­ I in an arcade or on another micro­ dicating right or down). computer and then tried them on the don't stand up to your Figure 3 shows a representation of CoCo, chances are you were frustrated an Atari joystick. As you move the style of play? Adapt the with Radio Shack's joysticks. They stick to a vertical or horizontal posi­ just aren't sensitive enough for some of inexpensive Atari sticks. tion, one switch closes (moving in a the fast, precise action necessary in diagonal position closes two adjacent some games. And they often don't switches). But notice that all switches hold up wel: in the intense heat of play. (including the fire switch) are con­ After the fifth or sixth joystick nected together on one side.) There­ repair job, I knew there had to be a Number Please fore, you can't use the joystick direct­ better way. The easiest alternative Take a look at the Radio Shack ly in our circuit of Fig. 2, since the would be to buy one of the many joystick. Figure shows one of the common points for the up/down, I available Atari-to-CoCo joystick in­ two joystick potentiometers (pots). left/right, and fire switches must be terfaces , but these cost about $20 per Note that one end is attached to 5 isolated from each other. joystick, and you still have to buy the volts and the other to ground (0 volts). Enter the circui� in Fig. 4. This joysticks. As you move the pot's wiper, the out­ complete schematic of the CoCo Joy­ Sil'!ce A:ari joysticks are available put voltage varies between the two card and joystick contains the 4016 from a number of sources for well voltage extremes. When the wiper is in CMOS Quad Analog switch, an inte­ '1�cer a pair, why not build a sim­ S 10 the middle of the pot (at rest) the out­ grated circuit that has four separate, ple interface myself and pocket the put voltage is one-half the maximum difference? (2.5 volts). That thought resulted in the Coco Figure 2 shows a circuit that forms Joycard-a simple construction project the basis of the interface. First, when "E that interfaces an Atari joystick to the the joystick is at rest, the output must ' BLACK 1 f! ' �· IGHT CQCo. addition, the Joycard pro­ be 2.5 volts. This occurs with switches lI f!!- !:i [1,EFT 1 l_llOWN' ' vides a jumper-selectable option for PHYSICAL L__ BROWN Sl and S2 open. Closing Sl raises the REPRESENTATION I I either single-shot or rapid firing. Best of output to 5 volts (indicating left or up, r BLUE the total cost for one joystick and r '------WHITE all, for instance). Reopen SI and close S2 '--- -GREEN interface should be under $10. ---- �------I PINK

+5V u

+SV ' E OWN l f! " I �P I � I pcmI f!':�:c• BRowN WIPER TO L GREEN COC0 00Kll l SCHEMATIC �L....= BLUE -, WHITE � PINK 11------Figure I. Figure 2. Figure 3.

82 HOT CoCo Jun� 1984 electrically controlled transmission gates (switches). Each switch has an +5

_ - _ input (pin 1 for the first switch), an · · -�LA�K output (pin 2), and a control (pin 13). -- ·-. " 14 I -----, Ir I ATARI ICI I \\ "her. :iovoltage reaches the con­ JOYSTICK I R2 : : I trol pin, the resistance between input I BLUE and output becomes so large that you can consider it an open circuit. When GREEN R4 it receives 5 volts, the resistance drops Pl WHITE REAR to below 200 ohms (low enough to consider it a short circuit). You can consider each gate a single-pole, BROWN 12 single-throw switch that is activated by a control signal. ' RS Figure 4 contains two circuits that GREEN 6 � ' are similar to Fig. 2. In Fig. 4, I I I _ _ ___ I L .J I J however, transmission gates replace ___ PINK L--- 7 .J the two switches. Rl, R3, R5, and R7 i provide the 0-volt reference when the joystick switches are open. IC2o R9 When a joystick switch is closed, 5 Cl volts from the common line pass through it to its companion transmis­ Figure sion gate. That gate shorts out its cor­ 4. responding resistor, changing the out­ put voltage provided to the CoCo. When the stick is at rest, all joystick switches are open, and all transmission gates act like open switches. Thus, no resistors are shorted, and the CoCo receives a rnidposition indication. 0 The remaining portion of the circu:t 0 �0 0 is for the fire switch. The Coco ex­ 0 0 0 pects to see an open circuit or 5 volts 0 when the fire switch is open. When you press the fire switch, the CoCo ex­ pects 0 volts.

IC2 is half of a 4011 CMOS Quad Figure two-input NANO gate. As wired, the 5. two NANO gates form a "gated" oscillator operating at about 10 Hz (10 cycles per second). As long as pin 1 is referenced to ground (as when the joystick fire button is open), the oscil­ BLUE lator does not operate and the output BLACK frorr.. pin 3 is at 5 volts. When you press the fire button, 5 volts pass to pin 1 and the oscillator begins running. The output then varies rapidly between 0 and 5 volts, simulating a player with extremely fast responses ! If you remove jumper J (single-shot mode) and press the fire TO button, the output from pin 3 goes �---l JOYSTICK high and stays there until you release the button. '-E"BND" Construction This construction approach pre­ sumes that you will only use the Atari joysticks on the Coco. First, con­ WHITE struct the printed circuit board (PCB) GRE�) shown in Fig. you've finished 5. When - it, begin installing resistors Rl-RlO PINK_/ and Cl as shown in Fig. 6. Finally, in­ Figure 6. stall CMOS integrated circuits ICl HOT CoCo June 1984 83 and IC2, being sure to observe the line, since JOYSTK(O) tells the Coco Kong and Pacdroids) can use the polarity shown. to look at the joysticks and get their joystick without any modification, These devices are static sensitive, so current value. since these games look to see whether handle them as little as possible. The formula in line 30 uses a truth the joystick is at one extreme (0) or the Before touching them, touch a ground test (i.e., (X =0)) to check for the other (63). You can adapt Basic games point (such as the screw holding an screen borders. If the test is false (as that rely on a specific number from electrical outlet cover) to remove any when X equals 1), it returns a zero. If the joystick but are actually just deter­ charge you might have. the test is true, it returns a -1. So mining direction of movement by us­ Now proceed to the joystick when X is not equal to zero, the for­ ing the logic of the test program. modifications. Cut off and discard mula reduces to X = X - 1. When X is You should realize that the number the connector at the end of the cable. decremented past one and equals produced when the joystick is at rest Measure in from this cut end about zero, the formula keeps X at zero cannot be exactly 32. From Fig. 2, 1 foot and cut the cable again. You (X =X-1-(-1)). note that when both S 1 and S2 are now have a 1-foot piece and the cable Lines 50, and 60 use a similar open (stick at rest), the output is the 40, that connects to the joystick (as shown truth test to keep the rectangle within ratio Rl/(Rl +R2). If Rl equals R2, in Fig. 7). the screen borders. then the output ratio is exactly 1 :2 Strip 2 inches of outer covering Line 70 PEEKs the fire-button loca­ which produces the number 32. from end C and 2 inches from end tion and determines if you've pressed Yi Since the resistors' values can vary B. Strip inches of covering from the left button ( = 1), the right button by as much as 5 percent, the ratio can % end A. Cut off the brown wire from ( = 2), or no buttons ( = 0). Since be somewhat less or greater than 1 :2. ends A and B (leaving five wires on you're using the right joystick, SC However, with standard 5-percent each end). Strip inch of insulation (screen color) changes to red (4) only resistors, the number generated Y4 from each wire on ends A, B, and C. if you've pressed the right button. should not be less than 30 or more Attach the wires from ends B and C Line 80 clears the screen to the ap­ than 34. If necessary, you can select to the PCB as shown in Fig. 6. Then propriate color and prints the yellow resistor values very close to each other attach the wires from end A to the rectangle (CHR$(148)) at the updated so your joystick produces a 32 at rest. DIN connector. Place ends B and C screen position that X and Y deter­ In most instances, however, this will over the double holes on either end of mine. Then execution returns to line not be necessary. • the PCB. Secure the cables to the PCB 20 for the next sampling of the by passing a wire tie strap through one joystick. hole, back through the other and over Address correspondence to James J. the cable. Then close the tie strap Use Barbarella, R.D. #1, Box 241H, Ten­ tightly and clip off the excess. Many popular games (like Donkey nent Road, Englishtown, NJ 07726.

Testing Turn on your CoCo and plug the joystick into the right joystick port.

JOYSTICK Enter this short test program: CUT CABLE / HERE IO CLS:X =16:Y =8 ENO END "B" -j3;4"f-- "c" END "A" 20 A= JOYSTK(O) e i ==:=�� � 30 IF JOYSTK(O) = 0 THEN __ _ REAR OF i-- X = X - I - (X = 0) DIN CONNECTOR -I2" 1-- 11-�_ "2_" CUT OFF 40 IF JOYSTK(0) =63 THEN AND \ DISCARD X = X + I + (X = 31) CONNECTOR 50IF JOYSTK(l) =OTHEN Y =Y -1-(Y =0) CABLE BROWN WIRE ,# � / FROM ENOS ._ PCB i; "A" ANO 60 IF JOYSTK(l)=63 THEN "8" /1E� Y = Y +I+(Y = 14) LrSTRAP 70 IF (PEEK(65280) AND 3) = 2 THEN SC = 4 ELSE SC =O Fig ure 7. 80 CLS SC:PRINT@X + Y*32,CHR$(148);: GOTO 20

When you run the program, the (Note: All resistors are watt, 5 percent) screen clears to black with a small Y. yellow rectangle in its center. If you R!-R9 47,000 ohms move the stick to the left, the rec­ RIO ohms 1,000,000 tangle should also move to the left. Cl 0. 1 ceramic disk capacitor (10 volts or greater) µF, Now move the stick in different direc­ IC! 4016 CMOS Quad Analog switch tions (including diagonally) and see if IC2 401 1 CMOS Quad 2-Input NANO gate the rectangle moves in the same direc­ Pl 6-pin stereo DIN plug (Philmore EA-9 or equal) tions. Press the fire button and the screen should flash red. Miscellaneous: Atari joystick (available from Digikey Corp. or other mail-order suppliers Line 20 of the test program samples for $7 to $10 a pair), wire tie straps (Radio Shack part number 278-1632), printed circuit the joystick ports. If you were using board, solder, etc. the left joysticks (JOYSTK(2) and Table List of Materials 1. JOYSTK(3)) you would still need this 84 HOT CoCo June 1984 CP/M FOR YOUR COLOR COMPUTER GRADE COMPUTER • DATA TRAC • • Now have access to the largest library of . BLANK CASSETTES .,,55 programs available

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..-213 YOUR Color Computer TU Color Micro Jour"•' •• 1 l11Clem1rk ol Comouler Pubhafuf'lg l"c

See List of Advertisers on page HOT CoCo June 1984 87 99 WORD PROCESSING BY BOB JACK

SPELLING EDITOR

f you think an SVP Editor sounds Take command of spelling directly into the two disk word files. Ilike someone who edits replies to While SVP performs this option for party invitations, you're wrong (that's problems with this editor you, this is a quicker way of building up RSVP editor). SVP stands for Spelling program for your Spelling the disk-file vocabulary. Use a dictio­ Verifier Program, which appeared in nary or a stenographer's spelling book last month's HO T Coco (p. 96). SVP Verifier Program files. and choose only familiar words, per­ Editor provides a way to manipulate the haps or 50 or so per alphabetic char­ 40 data files that SVP creates. acter depending on the popularity of the have to do is type in RUN SVPEDT to character. The Basic Program get the editor. By doing this with the long words you SVP creates two disk files. SWords First, you see the main menu with create a good starting vocabulary for are words two to four characters long seven options including print, enter, or the SVP. Don't bother with the short and LWords are words five to 15 char­ delete either of the two disk word files, words as they have a way of sorting acters long. The editor program lets you and end program. The program auto­ themselves out. Usually misspelled print, enter, or delete from either of the matically loops back to the main menu words are in the long-word file. two disk files. when it completes an option. To get out One of the SVP options lets you add The program has some interesting of the editor and ensure that no disk temporary word storage to the main features even if you don't use SVP. It files are left open, use end program. disk word files and build the SVP vo­ automatically opens and closes the cabulary. If abbreviations or misspelled alpha lock for input of lowercase Options words sneak into the disk files, use the words. Another interesting thing is the The enter option lets you enter words editor's delete option. To do this, type way the program configures the print­ in the words the way they are misspelled. ing for five columns of words. Table I Occasionally, use the print option to get lists the program's variables. System Requirements a list of words in the disk files, check them, and delete the bad words. 32K RAM Easy Runner The print option gives a printout of Store SVP, the editor, and the two Disk Basic the words in either of the two disk word disk files (SWords and LWords) on one One Disk Drive files so you can see what words are in disk so when you finish working with SVP Program the vocabulary. Since the printing ap­ SVP or turn on the computer, all you pears in five columns per printed page, 88 HOT CoCo June 1984 Program Listing. SVPEdit or 470 PRINT TAB (5) ;"NO MORE THEN 4 LETTERS" 10 I 240 IF AW 7 THEN 220 20 1 SVPEDT 250 ON AW GOTO 870 ,460,1050,1350 480 PRINT TAB (5) ;"AT LEAST 2 LET 30 I BY ,1930,1540 ,2340 TERS" 40 I BOB JACK 260 SL=l : SW=0 490 PRINT 50 I 1983 270 FOR X=l TO 100:W$(X) ="":NEXT 500 LI=2:HI=4 60 I 510 GOSUB 260 x 70 GOTO 2350 280 SOUND 200,3 520 IF SW=0 THEN 120 80 DIM W$ ( 100) 290 POKE 282,0:INPUT " ";Wl $ 530 CT=0 :0L$="" 90 OPEN "D" ,#1,"LWORDS " :POKE 282 ,1 540 CLS 100 OPEN "D" ,t2,"SWORDS" 300 IF Wl$="" THEN RETURN 550 OPEN "I",il,"SWORDS " 110 CLOSE 310 WL=LEN (Wl$) 560 OPEN "0" ,#2,"SWBKUP" 20 CLS :PRINT@32*2+7 , "SVP EDITOR 320 IF WL

HI THEN PRINT 570 X=l ; .TAB (5) ;"WHAT ???":GOTO 280 580 FOR I=l TO 1000 130 PRINT@32*4,"l) SHORT WOR 330 K=l :H=SL:L=l : S=INT(H/2) :SW= 590 IF EOF(l) THEN 770 D PRINT" 1 600 INPUT U ,A$ 140 PRINT@32*5,"2) SHORT WOR 340 IF SA$ THEN 710 D DELETE" =S 640 IF W$(X)=OL$ THEN 690 160 PRINT@32*7,"4) LONG WORD 370 S=INT( (H-L) /2) +L 650 PRINT i2,W$(X). PRINT" 380 IF H-L>l THEN 350 660 CT=CT+l 170 PRINT@32*8,"5) LONG WORD 390 IF Wl $=W$ (H) OR Wl $=W$ (L) TH 670 PRINT TAB(5) ;W$ (X) ENTER" EN 280 6 80 OL$=W$ ( X) 180 PRINT@32*9,"6) LONG WORD 400 IF W$ (L) 99 THEN RETURN 750 OL$=A$ 220 AW $=INKEY$:IF AW $="" THEN 22 450 GOTO 280 760 NEXT I 0 460 CLS : PRINT TAB(5) ;"SHORT WORD 770 IF W$ (X)="" THEN 850 230 AW=VAL (AW$) ENTER" 780 IF W$ (X) =OL$ THEN 830 790 PRINT i2,W$(X) 800 CT=CT+l 810 PRINT TAB(5) ;W$(X) 820 OL$=W$ ( X) 830 X=X+l 840 GOTO 770 A$ Disk file input or output. 850 CLOSE AW Value of answer. 860 GOTO 1280 AW$ Answer input. 870 CLS : PRINT@32*7+7 ,"SHORT WORD "You do not have to enter PRINT" B$ Disk fileinput or output. 880 POKE &H009B,80 words in alphabetical CT Record count. 890 CT=0 H High position in sort. 900 OPEN "I",tl,"SWORDS/DAT" order since they are 910 FOR X=l TO 2000 HI Maximum word length. 920 IF EOF (l) THEN 970 a"anged that way I FOR ...NEXT variable. 930 INPUT U,A$ J FOR ...NEXT variable. 940 CT=CT+l 950 PRINTi-2 ,A$,; automatically. " K Ending position in sort. 960 NEXT X L Low position in sort. 970 CLOSE LI Minimum word length. 980 POKE &H009B,132 990 PRINTi-2 ,"" LWBKUP Long words backup disk file. 1000 CLS : PRINT@32*7+5 ,CT;" SHORT LWORDS Long words disk file. WORDS " OL$ Removal of duplicate words. 1010 SOUND 200,3 s 1020 PRINT@32*15+3 ,"PRESS ANY KE you can easily use the delete option to Center po ition in sort . Y TO CONTINUE" s i remove words from the file. SL Number of words in working 1030 AW $=INKEY$:IF AW$="" THEN l word variable + I. 030 The enter and delete options use the 1040 GOTO 120 =no words in working word same subroutine to get their working SW 0 1050 CLS :PRINT 'TAB(5) ;"SHORT WOR variable. D DELE'l'E" words. You do not have to enter words SWBKUP Short word backup disk file. 1060 PRINT TAB(5) ;"NO MORE THEN in alphabetical order since they are ar­ 4 LETTERS" SWORDS Short words disk file. 1070 PRINT TAB(5) ;"AT LEAST 2 LE ranged that way automatically. The pro­ W$(1-100) Working word file. TTERS" gram responds with "What ???" to WI$ String input. 10 80 PRINT 1090 LI=2 :HI·=4 words of the wrong length. Enter a Word length. WL 1100 GOSUB 260 FOR ...NEXT variable. 1110 IF SW=0 THEN 120 black line to stop word entry. If you use x FOR ...NEXT variable. 1120 CT=0 :0L$="":S =l : SL=SL-l the enter option, be careful in your y 1130 CLS spelling because the only way to remove 1140 OPEN "I",#1,"SWORDS/DAT" Table. Va riable Description 1150 OPEN "0" ,#2,"SWBKUP/DAT" a misspelled word is with the delete op­ 1160 FOR X=l TO 2000 tion. 1170 IF EOF (l) THEN 1270 The editor operates with a single disk 1180 INPUT #l,A$ 1190 IF A$=W$ (S) THEN 1260 drive and 32K of memory and the SVP You must also place your ASCII file 1200 IF A$>W$(S) AND S

Don't program without it.

Technology in transition. Changes in hardware, soft­ ------ware, disk systems, printers and modems-the list goes Yes, I want to subscribe to 80 on. It's all happening so fast. How do you survive in the MICRO. Send me 12 issues for fast-paced computer world? only $24.97* *. I understand that With the help of 80 MICRO, the largest single source of with payment enclosed or credit information for your TRS-80*. It's required reading for card order I will receive a free 611 --- those who want to discover: issue making a total of issues 13 •TUTORIALS-To help you become a better program­ for $24.97. mer whether you're a beginner or an old hand. DCHECK/MO DMC •UTILITY PROGRAMS-Designed to let you get the most from your system . DVISA DAE OBILL ME •NEW APPLICATIONS-In science, business, and the home. Signature.______Exp.Date ____ _ •NEW PRODUCT REVIEWS-Straightforward eval­ . uations of state-of-the-art hardware and software that Name______give you the facts before you buy. Address ------� •NEW GAMES-Scores of innovative new gamesoffer­ ing a real challenge and lots of fun. City______State._ ___,._,Z ip._ __ _

With 80 MICRO in hand you won't just survive. You'll Canada & Mexico$27.9711 yr. only US Ftmds. prosper in the Age of the Computer. Foreign Surface $44.9711 yr. only US Ftmds drawn on US Bank. Please allow 6-8 weeks for delivery. Subscribe today. Use the coupon below, the attached 'TRS-80 is a trademark of Radio Shack. a division of Tandy Corp. 346F4 card, or call toll free 1-800-258-5473 . In .. This price void'i all previous offers. NH call 1-924-9471. 80 MICRO • PO Box 981 • Farmingdale, NY 11737 Listing cominued 1300 PRINT@32*15+3 , "PRESS ANY KE 1640 W$ (X)= W$ (X) +STRING$(WL," " 1990 IF SW=0 THEN 120 Y TO CONTINUE"; ) 2000 CLS:OL$="" 1310 AW $=INKEY$:IF AW$="" THEN l 1650 NEXT X 2010 OPEN "D" ,tl,"LWORDS ",15 310 1660 CLS :OL$="" 2020 OPEN "D" ,#2,"LWBKUP",15 1320 KILL "SWORDS/DAT" 1670 OPEN"D" ,#l,"LWORDS/DAT" ,15 2030 FIELD #1,15 AS A$ 1330 RENAME "SWBKUP/DAT" TO •swo 1680 OPEN"D" ,#2,"LWBKUP/DAT" ,15 2040 FIELD #2,15 AS B$ RDS/DAT" 1690 FIELD #1,15 AS A$ 2050 X=l :Y=l 1340 GOTO 120 1700 FIELD #2,15 AS B$ 2060 IF LOF(l)=0 THEN Y=2: GOTO 2 1350 CLS : PRINT@32*7+7 ,"LONG WORD 1710 Y=l :S=l : SL=SL-1 260 PRINT" 1720 FOR X=l TO LOF (l) 2070 FOR I=l TO LOF (l) 1360 POKE &H009B,80 1730 GET tl ,X 2080 GET U,I 1370 CT=0 1740 IF A$=W$ (S) THEN 1820 2090 IF W$ (X)="" THEN 2190 1380 OPEN"D" ,#l,"LWORDS/DAT",15 1750 IF A$>W$ (S) AND SA$ THEN 2190 1400 IF LOF(l)=0 THEN 1460 1760 IF A$=0L$ THEN 1820 2120 IF W$ (X)=OL$ THEN X=X+l :GOT 1410 FOR X=l TO LOF (l) 1770 LSET B$=A$ 2090 1420 GET 0 n,x 17 80 PUT #2,Y 2130 LSET B$=W$ (X) 1430 PRINTt-2 ,A$,; 17 90 Y=Y+l 2140 PUT #2,Y 1440 CT=CT+l 1800 OL$=A$ 2150 PRINT TAB(5) ;B$ 1450 NEXT X 1810 PRINT TAB(5) ;A$ 2160 OL$=B$ 1460 CLOSE 1820 NEXT X 2170 X=X+l : Y=Y+l 1470 POKE &H009B,132 1830 LSET B$=STR$ (Y) 21 80 GOTO 2090 1480 PRINT#-2,"" 1840 PUT #2,1 2190 IF A$=0L$ THEN 2250 1490 CLS : PRINT@32*7+5 ,CT-l ;" LON 1850 CLOSE 2200 LSET B$=A$ G WORDS " 1860 CLS : PRINT@32*7+5 ,Y-2;" LONG 2210 PUT #2,Y 1500 SOUND 200,3 WORDS " 2220 PRINT TAB(5) ;B$ 1510 PRINT@32*15+3 , "PRESS ANY KE 1870 PRINT@32*15+3 ,"PRESS ANY KE 223 0 OL$=B$ Y TO CONTINUE" ; Y TO CONTINUE" ; 2240 Y=Y+l 1520 AW$=INKEY$:IF AW $="" THEN l 1880 SOUND ·200,3 2250 NEXT I 520 1890 AW$=INKEY$:IF AW $="" THEN 1 2260 IF W$(X)="" THEN 1830 1530 GOTO 120 890 2270 IF W$ (X) =OL$ THEN X=X+l :GOT 1540 CLS : PRINT TAB(5) ;"LONG WORD 1900 KILL "LWORDS/DAT" 0 2260 DELETE" 1910 RENAME "LWBKUP/DAT" TO "LWO 2280 LSET B$=W$ (X) 1550 PRINT TAB(5) ;"NO MORE THEN RDS/DAT" 2290 PUT #2,Y 15 LETTERS" 1920 GOTO 120 23 00 PRINT TAB(5) ;B$ 1560 PRINT TAB (5) ;"AT LEAST 5 LE 1930 CLS : PRINT TAB(5) ;"LONG WORD 2310 OL$=B$ TTERS " ENTER" 2320 X=X+l : Y=Y+l 1570 PRINT 1940 PRINT TAB(5) ;"NO MORE THEN 2330 GOTO 2260 1580 LI=5:HI=l5 15 LETTERS " 2340 CLOSE:CLS : END 1590 GOSUB 260 1950 PRINT TAB(5) ;"AT LEAST 5 LE 2350 PCLEAR l 1600 IF SW=0 THEN 120 TTERS " 2360 FILES 3,3000 1610 FOR X=l TO SL 1960 PRINT 2370 CLEAR 12000 1620 WL=LEN(W$ (X)) 1970 LI=5 :HI=l5 23 80 GOTO 80 END 1630 WL=l5-WL 1980 GOSUB 260

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SubrOutines Color C�er 000000000000!� �

David ll Mcleod

Nanas System Machine-Language Rainbow Quest Reference Cards Subroutines for the Color for the Color Computer No more flipping through the Color Computer A computer fantasy tor young Color Computer manuals to find information you need. Nanos Computer users. is an adventure that A book of useful machine-language routines Rainbow Quest System Reference cards are pocket-sized sum­ combines fiction and programs. Readers must for use in your Color Computer programs. Both maries for your quick, easy reference. Find cross the planet Rainbow and master a series ROM and RAM subroutines are included, and such information as BASIC commands and in· of challenges to succeed on the Quest. Each all programs are on the cassette that comes structions, ROM routines, reserved words, challenge is a program on cassette. Included 110 with the book. The ROM subroutines come instructions, hex conversions, screen line are arcade games, puzzles, and mazes. Book from the standard BASIC ROM and can be layout, and anything else you need to know to and cassette sold together. used with BASIC or BASIC The RAM $24.97 CC7391 1.0 1.1. program your machine. TRS-80 Color BASIC subroutines are a collection of the author's 128 pp. and Extended FC1006 $4.95 routines. For each routine, you get entry re­ quirements, exit conditions, error interpretation and program listings. Numeric conversions, data processing, keyboard input, text screen output, text output using high-resolution graphics, tape/disk 110 and multiple-precision routines are discussed at length. ..-331 $29.95 CC7404 300 pp. For credit card orders, call toll-free, 1-800·258·5473. Or send your order on a separa te piece of paper to: Wayne Green Books, Retail Sales, Peterborough, NH 03458. Be sure to include the book title, order number, and price. Postage and handling is $1.50 for the firs t book, $1.00 for each additional book. Foreign air mail is $10.00 per book. Check, money order, or complete credit card information must accompany your order. If you have questions about your order, write customer service at the above ad· dress. Orders payable in U.S. dollars only.

HOT CoCo June 1984 91 · ,,. See List of Advertisers on page 99 _ Th e Educated Guest

ince one of my goals in The Ed­ ASSESSING You can use it without disk, but the Sucated Guest is to help you be­ record-keeping function is not avail­ come a more informed consumer, this EDUCATIONAL able. Program Listing 2, Retrieve, month I take a look at the software calls back the records of a student's review process. SOFTWARE responses and prepares a written The Educational Products Infor­ report of his progress and a simple mation Exchange and Consumer's item analysis. (Cassette users can skip by San tee Union (EPIE) is an extensive review Charles this one.) service offering a comprehensive ser­ vice for schools. This is my target. How to Use the Quiz Program tained high overall ratings. It appears The EPIE's format is neatly orga­ If you do not have disk, run the the ultimate worth of an EPIE eval­ nized in file-box form, and it consists program and quiz at uated product is not simply a sum of will. of reports and short evaluations, very If you do have disk, type PCLEARl, its parts. few of which, unfortunately, deal with then press the enter key. The program A careful look at the weaknesses in software for the Color Computer. asks you to enter the name of a student these selected products was helpful in Despite its limitations, however, this file. Type and enter eight or fewer let­ establishing some guidelines for im­ service offers the type of comprehen­ provement. ters, using a different file name for sive evaluation I would like to see I propose the following: each student who uses the program. more often. The reviews also point out •More software should include be­ The program verifies the file. If the deficiencies in existing software that havioral objectives stated in terms of file does not exist, it opens a blank file all vendors and manufacturers need to expected learner outcomes. for future use. Press enter to begin. If be aware of. this is a student's first time with the Teams of evaluators with technical program, or if you want to start him and education backgrounds review from scratch, press enter and quiz at products using a scale of 80 items. I picked out the best And discarded the rest; will. Each evaluation is a written descrip­ The program selects five questions From the best of the rest tion (two or more pages) allowing and gives them one at a time, with one I discarded the best; direct comparison with similar prod­ to fo ur possible responses, and the Th en what was left ... ucts. The evaluation criteria is rig­ student presses a number for the an­ Perhaps the WORST of the BEST? orous and fa ir, though it occasionally swer. When he finishes, the student favors one type of software over sees a summary of progress (the per­ •More software should include evi­ another. cent correct) and indicates whether or Evaluation of Instructional and dence of development. Specifically, not he wants to continue. If he Software Design is broken into four what evidence exists that the program chooses to continue, the program se­ major areas: goals and objectives; has been used successfully. lects five more questions. content; methods and approaches; •More software should include Questions are selected in a pre­ and evaluation and management. noncomputerized support material or scribed order, starting with those In the evaluation and management a method of integrating the program previously answered incorrectly. It sections you find tests, branching, into a traditional educational setting. will selects the remaining questions from and record-keeping strategies. Since •More software should include in­ any not yet used . If all items have been educational products designed for the formation that guides the learning used, the program randomly selects home do not use a strategy for evalua­ process when a student selects incor­ ones from a pool of correctly an­ tion and management, they might be rect responses. swered questions from previous at­ at a disadvantage when evaluated by •More software should include a rec­ tempts. this process. ord-keeping or student-management Should the student choose not to Each evaluation provides two nu­ system. meric scores. The overall rating of in­ This month's programs deal with structional design and the overall rat­ the last item. Faithful column readers ing of software design are done on a notice that the content of Pro­ System Requirements will scale of 1-10. I examined reviews of all gram Listing 1 is the same as the one 16K RAM software that scored 6 or above in one presented in the February column. Extended Color Basic or more of the numeric ratings, and, The method of presentation, however, interestingly, some of these products is quite different. Quiz provides a Disk Drive (optional) lacked goals and objectives or evalua­ question-and-answer format and re­ Printer (optional) tion and management and still ob- cords student responses on a disk.

92 HOT CoCo June 1984 ______The EducI ated Guest _ _

contmue, the program records (on of asterisks equal in length to the num­ sign. Each time an item answered is disk) the most recent response pattern ber of items included in the DATA incorrectly, an asterisk is changed to for [ items and saves it as a single statements. an the number one. For example, the string (SM$). When the program be­ Each time a student answers cor­ string SM$='' + I + I****'' denotes gins, it initializes the string to a string rectly an asterisk is changed to a plus that there are eight items in the DAT A

10 CLEAR 1000 N THIS PROGRAM VERY GOOD J 780 PRINTTAB(l) ;LEFT$ (PR$,PP) :PR 15 IF PEEK(l88) =6 THEN 70 OB ";:PLAY "T4L $=RIGHT$ (PR$,LEN (PR$) -PP) :PP=30: 20 CLS : INPUT"STUDENT FILE" ;NF$:N 403C GOTO 750 F=0 :IF LEN (NF$) <8 THEN NF$=NF$+S EG02L2C03C02C" 7 90 RETURN TRING$ ( 8-LEN (NF$) ," ") 415 IF PEEK(l88) =6 THEN END 800 DATA "A noun IS A WORD USED 30 FOR X=3 TO ll:DSKI$ 0,17,X ,A$ 420 OPEN"I",#l ,NF$:NN=0 TO NAME A PERSON , PLACE, THING , ,B 430 IF EOF (l) THEN CLOSE#l:GOTO OR IDEA. WHICH PHRASE SHOWS TH E 40 IF INSTR(A$,NF$) <>0 THEN NF=l 450 NOUN IN BLACK?" ESE IF INSTR(B$ ,NF $) <>0 THEN N 440 NN=NN+l :INPUT #l,SM$(NN) :GOT 810 DATA "THE man WAS SMALL/ the F=Jl 0 430 MAN WAS SMALL/THE MAN was SMALL/ 50 NEXT X 450 OPEN"O" ,#l ,NF$:IF SM$(1) <>"" THE MAN WAS small" 60 IF NF=0 THEN OPEN"O" ,#l,NF$:C THEN FOR A=l TO NN : PRINTil,SM$( 820 DATA "A pronoun IS A WORD US LO!Eil:CLS : PRINT@326 ,CHR$ (191) ;" A) :NEXT A ED IN PLACE OF ONE OR MORE NOUNS ne� ";CHR$ (175) ;"file" ;CHR$ (191) : 460 PRINT#l,SM$:CLOSE#l:END WH ICH PHRASE SHOWS TH E PRONOU PLlY"T4L4CEGEC" 470 LS $=M$(P) N IN BLACK?" 70 DIM CC$ (20) ,MM$(20) 4 80 NA=l 830 DATA "he IS GOING TO THE SHO 80 CLS :F=l : L=4 :I=2:R=l : NI=0 :Q=5 490 LS=INSTR (LS$,"/") :IF LS=0 TH W/HE is GOING TO THE SHOW/HE IS 90 READ CC$:IF CC$<>"*" THEN TI= EN A$ (NA) =LS$:GOTO 510 GO ING to THEN SHOW /HE IS GOING T TI l:CC$(TI) =CC$:READ MM$ (TI) :GO 500 A$ (NA) =LEFT$(LS$,LS-l) :LS$=R 0 THE show" TO 90 ELSE SM$=STRING$(TI,"*") IGHT$ (LS$,LEN (LS$) -LS) :NA=NA+l :G 840 DATA "AN adjective IS A WORD 95 IF PEEK(l88) =6 THEN 170 OTO 490 USED TO MO DIFY A NOUN OR PRONOU 100 CLS : PRINT@326 , "PRESS enter T ' 510 SL=0 N. WH ICH PHRASE SHOWS AN ADJECT 0 EGIN";: INPUT D$:IF D$<>"T" A 520 FOR C=NA TO 1 STEP -1 IVE IN BLACK?" ND jD$<>"t" THEN 170 530 Z=RND (C) :IF Z=l AND SL=0 TH E 850 DATA "SHE IS A tall GIRL/she 110 INPUT "STUDENT FILE" ;NF$ N CA$=RIGHT$ (STR$ (C) ,1) :SL=l : CA= IS A TALL GIRL/ SHE is A TALL GI 120 IF LEN (NF$) <8 THEN NF $=NF$+S c RL/SHE IS a TALL GIRL" TR NG$(8-LEN (NF$) ," ") 540 T$ =A$ (C) :A$(C) =A$(Z) :A$(Z) =T 860 DATA "A verb IS A WORD THAT 13�l OPEN"I",#l,NF$ $ SHOWS ACTION OR HELPS TO MAKE A 14� IF EOF (l) THEN 160 550 NEXT C STATEMENT. WH ICH PHRASE SHOWS A 150 INPUTil,SM$:GOTO 140 560 FOR C=l TO NA VERB IN BLACK?" 160 CLOSE #1 570 PR$=A$ (C) :PRINT@C*96+64,"";: 87 0 DATA "HE hit TH E BALL/he HIT 17� GOSUB 180 :GOTO 190 GOSUB 740 THE BALL/HE HIT the BALL/HE HIT 180 CLS : FOR A=l TO 4:PRINT @A*96 580 NEXT C TH E ball" +3 Z,STRING$(32 ,131) :POKE 1056+A* 590 FT=l 880 DATA "WHICH PHRASE SHOWS A n 96 ASC (RIGHT$(STR$ (A) ,1) ) :NEXT:R 600 REM oun IN BLACK?" ETt!JRN/ 610 X$=INKEY$:IF X$="" THEN 610 890 DATA "I LIVE IN THE city/the 19� NS=0 :PL$="":SL=0 ELSE IF X$<"1" OR X$>"4" THEN PR WOMAN WAS HAPPY/FIND the BUILDI 200 NS=NS+l :IF MID$(SM$,NS,l) ="+ INT@l32,"PRESS number TO ANSWER" NG/IT is MY BOOK" " tHEN PL$=PL$+RIGHT$(STR$ (NS) ,2 ;:PLAY"OlT4L2GC" :PRINT@l32,"pres 900 DATA "WHICH PHRASE SHOWS A p ) ELSE SL=SL+l :C$(SL) =CC$(NS) :M$ s NU ronoun IN BLACK?" (S!L) =MM$(NS) :CC(SL) =NS MBER to answer "; : PLAY"OlT4L2GC" : 910 DATA "he IS THE ONE I SAW/CA 210 IF SL=Q THEN 270 PRINT@l32,STRING$ (24,131) ;:GOTO N SHE do IT/WE ARE together/YOU 22� IF NSCA$ THEN FT=0:PRINT@l 920 DATA "WHICH PHRASE SHOWS THE 24� L=INT(LEN(PL$) /2) 40 , "try again";:PLAY"T4L401GCP1" verb IN BLACK?" 250 LL=RND (L) *2-l :VL=VAL (MID$(PL :PRINT@l40 , STRING$ (20 ,131) ;:IF V 930 DATA "WILL YOU play WITH ME/ $,!LL,2) ) :M$(A) =MM$(VL) :C$ (A) =CC$ AL (MID$ (SM$ ,CC (P) ,l) )0 T ,1) ="+n you CAN FIND THE CORRECT ANSWER HE$ MID$ (SM$,MN,l)="*" :GOTO 280 640 FOR C=l TO 4 � 290 FOR N= 1 TO Q 650 IF C<>CA THEN PRINT@C*96+64, 960 DATA "WHICH PHRASE SHOWS A n 300 P=RND (S) STRING$(63 ,32) ; oun IN BLACK?" 31 RRINT@0, STRING$(128," ") ; :PR 660 NEXT C 970 DATA "THE MAN HAD courage/BE IN'f@0. , "";:PR$=C $ ( P) : GOSUB 7 40 670 FOR B=l TO 2 AUTY is ONLY SKIN DEEP/join THE 32� GOSUB 470 680 PRINT@CA* 96+32,"";:IF B=l TH CROWD/HE IS A courageous PERSON 330 C$(P) = C$(S) :M$(P) = M$(S) :CC(P EN PRINT STRING$(32 ,128) ;:POKE C " ) =¢C (S) :S=S-1 A*96+1056,ASC (RIGHT$ (STR$ (CA) ,1) 980 DATA "WHICH PHRASE SHOWS AN 34� NEXT N ) pronoun IN BLACK?" 350 PC=INT (M/T*l00) 690 FOR E=l TO 64:LL=l087+96 *CA+ 990 DATA "THIS IS his PEN/THAT I 36� PLAY "03T6L6FGAGFCEFP404FGAG E:POKE LL,PEEK(LL) +6 4* ((PEEK (LL) S NOT very FUNNY/CAN YOU see HIM >64) *2+1) :NEXT E /try TO WORK HARDER" FC E' G" 37 CLS : PRINT@256 ,PC;"% CORRECT 700 PLAY "02L4T50CEDFGAB" 1000 DATA "WHICH PHRASE SHOWS TH ON THE FIRST TRY" : PRINT : PRINT" 710 NEXT B:PLAY"Pl03T4L8CEG" E adjective IN BLACK?" TR1 AGAIN (Y/N) ?"; 720 GOSUB 180 1010 DATA "some PEOPLE HAVE HOBI 380 X$=INKEY$:IF X$="N" THEN GOT 730 RETURN ES/ALL cats EAT FOOD/CAN YOU do 0 15 ELSE IF X$<>"Y" THEN 380 740 PP=30 IT/use YOUR IMMAGINAT ION" 3904 IF INSTR(SM$,"*") <>0 THEN GO 750 IF LEFT$ (PR$ ,l) =" " THEN PR$ 1020 DATA "WHICH PHRASE SHOWS TH SUB 180:GOTO 190 =RIGHT$ (PR$ ,LEN (PR$) -l) :GOT07 50 E verb IN BLACK?" 400 IF INSTR(SM $,"1") <>0 THEN GO 760 IF LEN(PR$) <30 THEN PRINTTAB 1030 DATA "I am VERY HAPPY/you W SUB 180:GOTO 190 (1) ; PR$; : RETURN ILL FIND IT/where IS THE GOLD/TH 410 CLS4:PRINT@l28,"YOU HAVE FI 770 IF MID$(PR$ ,PP,l) <>" " THEN AT IS correct" NSIHED ALL THE QUESTIONS I PP=PP-l : GOTO 770 1040 DATA "*"

Program Listing I. Quiz

HOT CoCo June 1984 93 The Educated Guest How to Use the Retrieve Y for yes or N for no. statements. Items 1 and 3 were an­ Program swered correctly. Items 2 and 4 were After you run the program you see a Next, press P to send output to the answered incorrectly. The remaining list of data files created on the disk. printer, or press S to send output to all items have not been attempted. (Make sure the correct disk is in drive the screen. After you press S the first Suppose you had previously used 0 before typing RUN.) You can select student file is loaded and you see: will the program with a student and you as many of these files as desired for

want to pick up where you left off. your analysis. Select the number in THE STUDENT'S NAME (FILE NAME) Run the program. When the program front of each and press enter. ITEMS RIGHT states "Press enter to begin," press T As you enter each number a red ITEMS WRONG (for teacher) and enter. square marks your selection. Repeat ITEMS NOT TRIED You are asked to enter a student this process for the files you want. all file. Type and enter the eight or fewer When you have finished, press enter To see more information press any letters you used before. The program without typing a number. The pro­ key except break. The information is loads the last response pattern and gram then asks you to verify that you repeated for each separate setting that proceeds from where it left off. have made the correct selections. Press the same student used. The program

10 CLEAR 1000 TOTAL WRONG = ";NW (A) 730 DATA "he IS GOING TO TH E SHO 20 DIM CC$ (20) ,MM$ (20) ,NF$(20) ,N 430 PRINT#-2 , STRING$ (10,".") W/ HE is GOING TO THE SHOW/HE IS R(20) ,NW(20) 450 PRINT#-2 ,CC$ (A) :PRINT#-2,MM$ GOING to THEN SHOW/HE IS GOING T 30 READ CC$ :IF CC$<>"*" THEN TI= (A) 0 TH E show" TI+l :CC$(TI) =CC$:READ MM$ (TI) :GO 460 NEXT A 740 DATA "AN adjective IS A WORD TO 30 500 CLS USED TO MODIFY A NOUN OR PRONOU 35 CLS 505 PRINT"#" ;TAB ( 8) ; "RIGHT" ;TAB ( N. WH ICH PHRASE SHOWS AN ADJECT 40 FOR X=3 TO 11 16) ; "WRONG" IVE IN BLACK?" 50 DSKI$ 0,17 ,X,A$,B$ 510 FOR A=l TO LEN (SM$) 750 DATA "SHE IS A tall GIRL/ she 60 C$=A$+LEFT$(B$,127) 520 PRINTA; TAB (8) ;NR(A) ;TAB(l6) ; IS A TALL GIRL/SHE is A TALL GI 70 FOR N=0 TO 7 NW (A) RL/SHE IS a TALL GIRL" 80 NAM$=MID$(C$,N*32+1 ,8) 530 IF A/ 10=INT (A/10) THEN GOSUB 760 DATA "A verb IS A WORD THAT 90 EXT$=MID$(C$,9+N*32 ,3) 5 80 SHOWS ACTION OR HELPS TO MAKE A 100 IF EXT$="DAT" AND LEFT$ (NAM $ 540 NEXT A STATEMENT. WH ICH PHRASE SHOWS A ,l) <>CHR$(0) TH EN NF $(NN+l ) =NAM$ 550 GOSUB 580:END VERB IN BLACK?" :PRINT@NN*l6,NN+l ;NF$(NN+l ) :NN=N 580 PRINT: PRINT"PRESS KEY TO CON 770 DATA "HE hit THE BALL/he HIT N+l TINUE" THE BALL/HE HIT the BALL/HE HIT 110 NEXT N,X 590 X$=INKEY$ :IF X$="" THEN590 THE ball" 120 PRINT STRING$(32,"-") ; n 7 80 DATA "WHICH PHRASE SHOWS A n 5 92 CLS : PRINT" # n;TAB ( 8) ; RIGHT" ; 125 SL$="":FOR A=0 TO NN : PRINT@A TAB(l6) ;"WRONG ":RETURN oun IN BLACK?" *16 ,CHR$(32) ; :NEXT 600 CT$=" ":WR$="":NT$="" 790 DATA "I LIVE IN THE city/the 130 L=INT( (NN+4)/2) *32 :PRINT@L,S 601 FOR A=l TO LEN(SM$) WOMAN WAS HAPPY/FIND the BUILDI TRING$(64,32) ;:PLAY"T4Ll6C" :PRIN 602 IF MID$ (SM$,A,l) ="+" THEN CT NG/IT is MY BOOK " T@L,"SELECT NUMBER THEN PRESS en $=CT$+STR$ (A) :NR(A) =NR(A) +l 800 DATA "WHICH PHRASE SHOWS A p ter PRESS enter WHEN FINISHED"; 603 IF MID$ (SM$ ,A,l)="l" THEN WR :INP ronounb IN BLACK?" UT NM$ $=WR$+STR$ (A) :NW(A) =NW(A) +l 810 DATA "he IS TH E ONE I SAW/CA 605 IF MID$(SM$ ,A,l) ="*" THEN NT N SHE do IT/WE ARE together/YOU 140 V=VAL (NM$) :IF V=0 THEN 300 $=NT$+STR$ (A) CAN do IT" 145 IF V>NN THEN 130 610 NEXT A 820 DATA "WHICH PHRASE SHOWS TH E 150 PRINT@( (V-1) *16) ,CHR$ (191) ; 620 ON INSTR("PpSs",P$) GOTO 630 verb IN BLACK?" 160 NM$="/"+NM$ :IF INSTR(SL$,NM$ ) <>0 THEN 130 ,630,650,650 83 0 DATA "WILL YOU play WITH ME/ you CAN HIT TH E BALL/HE CAN RUN 170 SL$=SL$+NM$:GOTO 130 630 PRINT#-2 : PRINT#-2,NF$(VL) very FAST/HE IS A happy MAN" 300 PRINT@L, STRING$(64,3 2) ;:PRIN 632 PRINT#-2,"ITEM CORRECT = ";C T@L,"HAVE YOU ENTERED CORRECTLY T$ 840 DATA "WHICH PHRASE SHOWS THE PRESS y FOR YES - n FOR NO 634 PRINT#-2 ,"ITEMS WRONG = ";WR adjective IN BLACK?" $ "; 850 DATA "THEY HAVE blue EYES/SH 636 PRINT#-2,"ITEMS NOT TRIED = 310 X$=INKEY$ :IF X$="N" OR X$="n E is SMALL/THE MAN IS very LARGE ";NT$ " THEN 125 ELSE IF X$<>"Y" AND X /you CAN FIND THE CORRECT ANSWER 638 RETURN n $<>"y" THEN 310 650 CLS : PRINTNF$(VL) 312 PRINT@L,STRING$(64,3 2) ;:PRIN 860 DATA "WHICH PHRASE SHOWS A n 652 PRINT:PRINT" ITEMS WRONG = ": oun IN BLACK?" T@L1"PRESS p FOR PRINTER PRINTWR$ s FOR SCREEN"; 87 0 DATA "THE MAN HAD courage/BE 314 P$=INKEY$ :IF P$="" THEN 314 654 PRINT" ITEMS RIGHT = ":PRINTC AUTY is ONLY SKIN DEEP/join THE ELSE IF INSTR("PpSs",P$) =0 THEN T$ ROWD/HE IS A courageous PERSON 314 656 PRINT"ITEMS NOT TRIED = ":PR S 320 K=l INTNT$ 880 DATA "WHICH PHRASE SHOWS AN 330 K=INSTR(K,SL$,"/") :IF K=0 TH 670 PRINT:PRINT"press key to con pronoun IN BLACK?" EN 400 tinue" 890 DATA "THIS IS his PEN/THAT I 340 VL=VAL (RIGHT$ (SL$,LEN (SL$) -K 680 X$=INKEY$:IF X$="" THEN 680 S NOT very FUNNY/CAN YOU see HIM ) ) :K=K+l 682 RETURN /try TO WORK HARDER" 350 OPEN"I",#l ,NF$(VL) 700 DATA "A noun IS A WORD USED 900 DATA "WHICH PHRASE SHOWS THE 360 IF EOF (l) THEN CLOSE#l:GOTO TO TAME A PRESON , PLACE, THING, adjective IN BLACK?" 330 OR IDEA. WHICH PHRASE SHOWS THE 910 DATA "some PEOPLE HAVE HOBIE 370 INPUT#l,SM$ NOUN IN BLACK?" S/ALL cats EAT FOOD/CAN YOU do I 380 GOSUB 600 710 DATA "THE man WAS SMALL/the T/use YOUR IMMAGINATION " 390 GOTO 360 MAN WAS SMALL/THE MAN was SMALL/ 920 DATA "WHICH PHRASE SHOWS THE 400 ON INSTR("pPSs",P$) GOTO 410 THE MAN WAS small" verb IN BLACK?" ,410,500,500 720 DATA "A pronoun IS A WORD US 930 DATA "I am VERY HAPPY/you WI 410 FOR A=l TO LEN(SM$) ED IN PLACE OF ONE OR MORE NOUNS LL FIND IT/where IS THE GOLD/THA 420 PRINT#-2: PRINT#-2,"ITEM # "; WH ICH PHRASE SHOWS THE PRONOU T IS correct" A;" TOTAL RIGHT = ";NR(Al :" N IN BLACK?" 940 DATA "*"

Program Listing Retrieve 2.

94 HOT CoCo June I984 ______The Educated Guest _ loads and displays information for the selected the second possible response ing areas I have identified as needs for next student, and then gives an item for the second item, and the fourth re­ improving software: analysis. This lists the total number of sponse for the third item. Have you •Including objectives defined in correct and incorrect responses. got that? terms of observable learner outcomes­ You can use the P option to print This could be a tough programming what objectives would you like to see a out this information. In addition, you assignment, since the program ran­ software program deal with? receive a complete list of items and all domizes the answers before it prints •Explaining why a response is answers included in the program. them on the screen in the Quiz pro­ wrong-I am looking for relevant gram. You need to find some way to educational content (not programs) to show which answer was selected as it include in future columns. Send me a How to Change These Programs appears in the Retrieve program. You list of items that might be used for To select a different set of items, de­ can do this and still have answers ap­ computer-aided instruction. For each lete, add to, or change the DATA pear in random order. (Just send me a item, include some possible correct statements to reflect the content you blank check or your most expensive and incorrect responses. For some of want. Each item consists of two parts. piece of hardware and I supply the the incorrect responses, include some The question is a single string and will all solution.) information (kept short, please) to possible responses are included in a sec­ You could also change the Retrieve help the child learn why the answer is ond string, separated by slash marks. program to give a more comprehen­ wrong, or give a better understanding It is easiest to change the number of sive or complex analysis. You might of the correct answer. items that appear before you give a include scales and coefficients for one Be creative. Think in pictures and review to the student by changing the or more of the several hundred meth­ sound, as well as with words. I would value of Q in line 80. ods of establishing reliability and/or like to see more high-school and col­ Now for the tough stuff. The pro­ validity. You might like percents cor­ lege-level content. • gram records an incorrect answer as a rect and incorrect rather than the sim­ 1 in the SM$. You could change the ple count. If you have questions concerning program to record which incorrect re­ this educational column address corre­ sponse was selected. For example, sp ondence to Charles Santee, Th e Ed­ An As.5ignment for Nonprogrammers SM$="+24* *" might denote that ucated Guest, c/o HOT CoCo, 80 item 1 was correct while the student I'd like your response to the remain- Pine St., Peterborough, NH 03458.

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.-- See List of Advertisers on page HOT CoCo June 1984 95 99 �______,....ReadersFor u

puter knows where to put the records it getting. is Type RUN and the program reads in your direct access HOT CoCo pays fo r each Reader's-Forum $25 files and returns to the editor when it is finished. You can submission used. In the case of duplicate submis­ now use the search and replace functions of Telewriter to sions, selection is based on the earliest postmark. modify your file and format for printing. it The only problem I have found with this method that is no check is done to see if the fileis on your disk. The OPEN "I" statement used to returnan error the fileto be opened if Reforma t Data wasn't on the disk, but the OPEN"D" command opens a new file in that case. Check your disk to make sure the file · I wanted to take data saved in a direct access file and re­ you want is on it. If you don't, your disks might wind up format or change it for a special printout, and to include with single granule files with no data. records from a direct access file in a document in my word­ processing program. The disk version of the new Telewriter Duff Kennedy 64 includes a utility called S.ASC that reads ASCII files Santa Barbara, CA into the editor, and I used this to do my reformatting. While this utility works on sequential files, it won't read files saved through direct access, so I found the solution. POKE/Program As it stands, lines 440-448 of the S.ASC utility open a This POKE/Program is interesting in that it prints a di­ file for sequential input and then LINE INPUT all records rectory as well as free granules at the bottom of the listing: in that file. If you want to read in a direct-access file, a cou­

ple of minor adjustments are necessary. These are: 50 POKElll,254:DIR:PRINT#-2,"FREE => " ;: •Open the file to be read fordirect access, not sequential. PRINT# - 2,FREE[O] •Field the input buffer. Craig Stalnaker •Start a counter of records input. Glendale, CA •Change the EOF check to an LOF check. Change LINE INPUT to GET statements. e First, you need to know the fielded length (fl) of the rec­ Does Gravity Have You Down? ords. The program that generated the file tells you what it Gravity makes an object moving on the screen come to is. Once you have that, run your Telewriter, get to the disk life. With gravity you can make an object appear to float menu and press B for Basic. Now, load the S.ASC program up and down instead of moving at a constant speed. Pro­ off your disk and edit the first command on line 440so that gram Listing 1 makes a dot bounce. instead of reading OPEN" I", #1, C$: it reads OPEN"D" The dot starts at the top of the screen and slowly gains #1, C$, fl: FIELD #1, fl AS A$: ZS = 0: . Leave the rest of speed as it falls. When it hits the bottom, it goes back up this line intact. and then moves more slowly until it starts to fall again. I Now, rather than start a FOR ...NEXT loop to read all have also added INKEY$ so that when you press the up-ar­ records in the file, I incremented a counter before each rec­ row it slows down your fall. ord was read, then checked this counter against the LOF. The variable B is equal to five when you start, and the This step replaces the EOF check in 44S . I just made up the variable Bl is equal to zero. Bl in line 30 adds by .1 each variable ZS as my counter, figuringthat it probably wasn't time the program goes through the loop. Then I add Bl and already assigned in the program, and I haven't had any B, which is the position of the dot. Line checks to see if B (J() problems. The ZS = 0 that you put into line 440 zeros the is greater than 190. If it Bl then equal to the opposite is, is counter. of what it was so now the dot goes back up. Change line 44S to read ZS =ZS+ 1: IF ZS>LOF(l) If you don't have Extended Basic, you must make line 20 THEN4S8 . If ZS greater than the last record in the file, read CLSO, and in lines and 70 you must use SET and is 40 there are no more records to read, and the program conti­ RESET instead of PSET and PRESET. In line you must fiO nues normally through line 458. Otherwise you read in that compare B to 32 instead of 190. record number. This program be used in any game that needs gravity. While you INPUT sequential records, you GET direct­ can access records, so line must be changed to read Mike Milde 448 GET#l ,ZS. Since A$ now defined in line 440, the com- Greer, SC is

% HOT CoCo June 1984 FOR DUALITY ED UCA TIONAL SOFTWARE LOOI< FOR THIS EMBL EM

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SEND Dealer FOR FREE in quiries CA TALOG in vited

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.- See List of Advertisers on page HOT CoCo Jun1:1984 97 131 ly. Of course, the programcontinues to look forthat me. It 10 PMODE4 ,l:PCLS : SCREEN1 ,l is no fun to lose several hours' work. 20 B=S My solution was to buy the cheapest cassette I could, 30 Bl=Bl+. l load it with a program and check to be certain I would get 40 PRESE T(l28,B) an I/O error with it. Now, I simply stop the tape, pop in the 50 A$=INKEY$:IFA$=CHR$ ( 94) THENBl=Bl-l one I have labeled 1/0 ERROR, and in a jiffy I am out of 60 B=B+Bl :IFB >l 90THENBl=Bl-Bl *2 70 PSET(l28,B,l) :GOT03 0 the hang up. This works for data mes, too. John M. Gregg Program Listing I. Gravity Demonstration Florence, SC

Reachable Reset Button Your Program Kill Do you ever get tired of reaching behind tangled wires around dangling power cords 'to reset the computer, only t One of the shortcomings of Disk Basie's KILL com­ � pull the ower cord out of the wall and lose your program? mand is that it doesn't erase the entire program from the y Then wrre a reset button to the front of the computer. You disk. Instead, it sets the first character of the 'ftle name to can build one yourself. zero and deletes the appropriate bytes from the me alloca­ First, fm d a pushbutton switch that suits you. A good tion table. Doing this just leaves confusing garbage on the one you can use is Radio Shack Part #275-1547. You can disk, making it very difficultto salvage a disk should it ever also use any other SPST momentary switch, normally crash. Here are two methods of erasing almost the entire open. Make sure that your computer unplugged andtake program from the disk. is off the back. Method 1: Killing a Basic program: Measure and mark the location of your button where it e Load your Basic program; e.g., LOAD "ZAP". not interfere with the keyboard or internal parts. Then, eType: FOR X=PEEK(25)*256 + PEEK(26) TO PEEK will . take a drill and carefully drill a hole, to size, where you (27)*256 + PEEK(28): POKEX,255: NEXTX. marked it. · •Save your Basic program; e.g., SA VE "ZAP". Next , take two pieces of wire, about a foot long each e your Basic program; e.g., KILL "ZAP/BAS" . Kill and strip them at both ends. Solder one to the common o Method 2: Killing a machine-language program: � the switch, and solder the other one to the normally open •Write down the addresses (beginning and ending) of the contact on the switch. Then look for the reset button on the program. computer. eLoad your program, e.g., LOADM "ZAP". The reset switch should be composed of six contacts •Type: FOR X =(beginning address) TO (ending address): Facing the front of the computer, solder the two wires t POKEX,255: NEXTX. � the two contacts the right side nearest you (see Fig. 1). eS ve your program; e.g., SAVEM "ZAP", BA,EA,O. �m � Now, take the wrres and stuff them carefully in the crack •Kill your program; e.g., KILL "ZAP/BIN". · dividing the circuit board and the casing. By doing one of these steps whenever you kill a program, On most switches, there is a mounting nut. Take the nut you should be able to salvage crashed disks much more off and push the button through the hole you drilled . Now easily. put the nut on with the button through the hole and tighten Ke vin Ch milar it so it doesn't jiggle back and fourth. Calgary, Alberta, Canada Put your case back on, making sure you got everything on correctly. Now if you wish, you can use both reset buttons. PCLEARO Erich Widemark Colo Computer users are familiar with the technique for . � Phoenix, AZ smmlatmg PCLEARO. This is usually done from immedi­ ate mode as POKE 25 ,6:NEW [ENTER] . If, however, you have a disk system, this clobbers the . RESET SWITCH disk scratch pad sta:ting where graphics page I is located in "' _ nond1sk systems. Disk users can get around this by entering POKE 25 ,14:POKE 3584,0:NEW [ENTER] . On a 32K disk system, this should free 28,967 bytes of memory (as­ . summg CLEAR200, the power-up value).

Alan A. Farmer Charlottesville, VA LEVEL OF KEYBOARD

Help for Color Scripsit

On several occasions using Color Scripsit I failed to label Fig. Reachable Reset Diagram . a tape with the ftle name, and what I thought was the last I. me on the tape was not. Or I spelled the me name different-

98 HOT CoCo June 1984 IHI®1fCo co COMING NEXT MONTH Summer heat is on its way and so is to our next issue. Index Advertisers You'll find it full of features, reviews, columns, and monthly items se­ lected to boost your Reader Service Number Page Number Reader Service Number Page Number Color Computing capacity. At the work station or on

3G Company ...... •.•...... Jr Subscriptions ...... 2A7 65 74 the beach, HO T A.J. Hillard, Inc ...... Key Color Soltware ...... 553 113 48 .. . 72 Co Co's July issue is hot. Here's what's coming. 60 Aleph Unlimited ...... 114 395 KRT Sottware ...... 87 The Book Company ...... Loglx Systems...... If you like Mike Meehan's Assembly-language game 558 . 113 426 71 Car.Comp ...... Macrotron System Corp ...... 335 . .. 80 203 45 feature, follow us next CoCo Pro ...... •.... 308 53 Mark Data Products ...... 31, 33 month for a more de­ 121 Cognltec ...... 13 Mark Data Products...... 113 Color MlcroJournal...... 555 tailed study of Croaker. 213 87 96 Micro Management Compuklt Corp ...... Systems...... 455 114 ...12 This month, the title Computer Plus ...... Micro Works ...... 18 5 196 16 screen-next month, total Computer Sy.stem Center ..... Micro-Ed ...... 506 21 39 . . 47 Computer System Center ..... Minchey Enterprises ...... dissection. 507 63 256 103 Computer System 223 551 MosesEngineering ...... 113 Reviewer Guier .Wright Consultants ...... National Research Group ...... 87 323 53 takes a critical look at Computerware, lnc...... 563 112 288 Oelrlch Publications Inc ...... 78 Computlze, Inc...... P.B.J., Inc...... 182 81 214 86 Graphicom and does a Cybertron ...... 536 . 95 207 Paraliel Systems ...... 30 little dissecting himself. Crystal Sottware ...... ParsonsSoltwa re ...... 562 112 320 .. 114 Data.Comp ...... PBH Computer Products...... How about a hardware 213 . . 87 20 3 Dataman ...... PerryComputer Products ..... 72 12A 78 project to take the te­ Dayton Associatesof W.R. Hali Inc. Photographies Soltware ..... 73 561 112 dium out of summer Radio Shack ...... 72 4 . 10, 11 Derringer Sottware ...... RUN Subscriptions ...... vacation? Randy Rollins explains how to add lower­ 35 . 26 42 Dilithium Press ...... 557 . . 112 538 Sob-Link ...... •...... 53 case in hardware. This feature along with J.J. Bar­ Dorsett Educational Systems ... SaguaroSoltware ...... 209 49 70 86 barello's ROM DP Johnson ...... Saturn Electronics ...... 99 .. 95 447 ...... n Dragon User ...... Scott Tasso Assoclates . .... Hacker, Part I 27 81 510 . . 60 Dynamic Electronics, Inc...... Selected Soltware ...... 72 81 205 53 should keep you 216 EAP Company ...... 72 559 Serious Personal Computing Micro Subscriptions ...... from taking too 80 .'90 .. ''' .. ''.'.. ''''''''..... 112 Elite Soltware ...... 392 . 25 537 Sottmart ...... 39 much sun. Elite Sottware ...... 550 113 Sottwa re Suooort ...... 40,41 Next month's is­ Eng Systems Laboratories ..... Sun lock Systems ...... 23 26 456 . . . 86 Frank Hogg Laboratory Inc.. . CIV SugarSoltware ...... sue offers you 262 113 also Green Mountain Micro ...... 554 Syntactics ...... 98 37 22A . 65 a collection-sorting H&E Computronlcs ...... Clll Syracuse R D Center ...... 9 174 8o: 60 routine (for HJL Products ...... T D Sottware ...... 440 . 9 236 8o: . 71 all . TCE Programs, Inc ...... Cli 359 Homebase Computer 390 those bottlecaps in Systems ...... TCE Programs, Inc ...... •..... 85 389 97 the bag behind your Typing Teacher ...... •..... HOT CoCoSubscrlptlons ...... 18 55 450 Wayne Green Inc. tool box?), a game Foreign Dealer ...... 95 Book Page ...... Moving ...... 111 331 91 called Python, Machine Language ...... 91 Incentive Soltware ....•...... 69 331 73 Blockout for the MC-10, and the things you always Rainbow Quest ...... Instant CoCo ...... 27 331 111 Instant Soltware ...... Shell Boxes ...... find in HO T Coco. 103 450 'M:JyneTechnology ...... 187 lnfl Color Computer Club . . 103 170 85 Grab a cold drink, plug your CoCo in by the pool, J&MSystems ...... York ...... 101 . 20 156 10 .. 85 and get our July issue. Young Horlzons ...... 190 JBM Group ...... 15 111 . . . 114

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HOT CoCo June 1984 99 �- Doctor ASCII__ by Richard E. Esp osito

Model I/III/4 software not work on the CoCo un­ will less it is written in Basic, and then you need some way to Got a problem with your Color Computer? Ask transfer it to CoCo format on tape or disk. The reason is Doctor ASCII to solve it. Write to Doctor ASCII, that the CoCo uses Motorola's 6809 microprocessor where­ HOT CoCo, Pine St., Peterborough, NH 03458. as the Models I, III, and 4 use Zilog's Z-80. The machine languages for these two microprocessors are completely different. I might add that the CoCo's 6809 is by far I need a good disassembler that let Jisassemble Q. will rr.c superior. ROM-pack, tape, and disk program� and modify them so I shop for disks with price in mind. You can get name­ that they can be reassembled ar:..i run . Do you have any brand, single-sided, double-density disks for $2 or less each suggestions? if you shop around . Chris Beard The only reservation that I have about the standard Co­ Lawrence, MA Co drive is that it is rated for 35 tracks and is single sided. For less money, you can get a 40-track drive made by a rep­ A. The two disassemblers that come to mind are the utable manufactuer (such as Tandon, Teac, or MPI), and Source Generator (The Microworks, P Box 1110, Del .0. for a little more, a double-sided drive. Mar, CA 92014, $49.95) and Dynamite (Computer Systems The books that come with the CoCo are quite good for a Center, 1346 1 Olive Blvd., Chesterfield, MO 63017, $100) . beginner in programming. excellent introductory book An Both are written in machine language. The former works on computing in general is Computersand Data Processing with Basic (tape or disk) and the latter comes in versions for Concepts and Applications with Basic, by Steven L. Man­ either Flex or OS-9. dell, West Publishing Co ., 1982. A more advanced book on Even when armed with a disassembler, disassembly and microprocessors is An In troduction to Microcomputers, reassembly is no easy task . The task of differentiating Vo lume I, Basic Concepts, by Adam Osborne, Os­ which part of a file is code and which part is data or text is borne/McGraw-Hill, 1980. You can also get answers to left to you. Generally, this differentiation requires multiple your questions by writing to me, here at HO T CoCo . runs and lots of printouts before you check a particular program. Q. Do you know if there is a book similar to What 's Wh ere in the Apple that lists all of the memory locations Q. What do you mean by a "fulltravel" keyboard? and their uses for the CoCo? I enjoy machine-language I mistakenly bought some TRS-80 Model l/III/4 soft­ programming and it would be a big help. ware. it be somehow used in my CoCo? Can Greg Stine Since I have a new-model CoCo, must I be careful in get­ Ne w Martinsville, WV ting new-type software or can anything that says CoCo be used? A. There have been a number of magazine articles on the What brand disks do you recommend? I have a Radio subject: "Journey to the Center of the ROM," by Mark Shack disk drive. Is this a decent unit? Goodwin (HO T CoCo) began with the October 1983 issue. Is there a good, simple book explaining the basics of cre­ It started with a simple memory map, then supplied a disas­ ating programs, and a book explaining stuff like RAM, sembler program and then embarked upon a detailed disas­ ROM, DOS, granules, EPROM, full-travel keyboard, and sembly. Check this issue for Part VIII. other questions for someone who is new to computers? "Comment Corner," by the Micro Works' staff, began John Mo ore with the September 1981 issue of Color Computer Ne ws . It Mo ntreal, Quebec appeared at first on a regular basis and then sporadically. It was meant to be used with the output from the Micro A. Full-travel keyboards are made for the CoCo by HJL Works disassembler. Products, Mark Data Products, Micronix Systems, and "Dissecting Your ROM," by Jake Commander, began Key Tronics. They differ from the CoCo keyboards in that with the July 1983 issue of Color Computer Magazine. It the distance that a key travel when pressed is greater has appeared in almost every issue since, but it deals with can than that of the ones supplied with the CoCo. To see for the 1.0 version of the Basic ROM. "Color Computer Mem­ yourself, compare the keyboards on the Models 4, 12, 16, ory Map," by Bob Russell, appeared in the July, August, Rainbow. and 2000 at your local Radio Shack store with the one on September, and December 1983 issues of It gives your CoCo. addresses of key memory locations and of key machine-

100 HOT CoCo June 1984 ______Doctor ASCII ______, language routines in the ROMs. The new I.I disk ROM is tion-independent and compatible with the current line of not dealt with. Radio Shack printers. CO-dump gives you a color picture Commercially available are: Color Basic Unravelled, with a color printer and BW-dump gives you a black-and­ Spectral Associates, 3416 South 90th, Tacoma, WA 98409. white picture with a monochrome printer. They are com­ There are three volumes to this commented source listing of patible with PMODEs 3 and 4. Color Basic 1.2., Extended Basic I.I, and Disk Basic I. I. They are $19.95 each or $49.95 for the set. I have a D board that has been upgraded by Radio Color Computer MemoryMap , Q. essentially the one from Shack to 32K. Are these 64K chips, and if so, can I get 64K Rainbow, is available from Bob Russell, N5474 Stillwater without purchasing another set of RAMs? Court, Fredonia, WI 53021, for $12. Gary Dickerson Tucson, AZ Q. I have a 32K CoCo with an E board and wish to pur­ chase a disk drive 0 for it. I have heard comments as to A. You need only complete the procedure outlined in the whether the new white disk drives from Radio Shack are response to Brian Fistler above starting with "Locate and any diffe rent from the older grey models. The staff at the remove.'' To see if your chips are all good, run the memo­ Radio Shack Computer Center said that they keep the ry-testing program that appeared in this column in the white with the white and the grey with the grey, but didn't March 1984 issue (p. 136) in response to Jack Thompson's know the reason. Is there actually any difference in either letter. the drives or the controllers? If I get the drives, can I add 64K chips in place of my 32K Q. I recently purchased a 16K Extended Basic CoCo with piggyback that I now have? What hardware modifications a new version, printed circuit board revision A. My board must I do to get the full 64K, besides change the chips, does not seem to have any jumpers. How do I upgrade jumpers, and remove the capacitors? to 64K? I have a DMP-120 printer. Is there a program available Simon Bitton that copy a high-resolution display from the screen to will Montreal, Quebec the printer? Brian Fistler A. From your description, I assume that you have a CoCo Pella, IA 2. Bob Rosen of Spectrum Projects has volunteered the fol­ A. The CoCo 2 does not supply 12 volts to the slot on the lowing procedure to upgrade a CoCo 2: right side of the computer that are needed to power the disk •Remove the six screws from the bottom of the CoCo 2 controller that comes with the grey drive. The white drive's including the one under the warranty label. internal power supply fu rnishes the necessary 12 volts to its •Remove the keyboard, being careful when removing the controller. A Coco 2 with the Multi-Pak Interface should ribbon contact from the board connector. work with either drive since the Multi-Pak has its own •Remove the eight 16K memory chips from sockets Ul4 12-volt supply. Since the white drives do not need the 12 through U21. volts coming from the computer, they should work with •Install a jumper wire between the two solder pads to the either machine. I personally prefer the older controller be­ right of WI. Find Wl diagonally between U6 and U7. cause you do not need to modify an off-the-shelf standard •Install eight new 4164 dynamic RAM chips in sockets drive to use it with the CoCo. My present configuration Ul4 through U21 . Be sure to line up the notches and take consists of two 80-track, double-sided drives with one precautions to avoid static discharge. 40-track drive for compatibility. I am using Flex with 80 • Replace the keyboard and carefully reconnect the ribbon tracks, both sides, and OS-9 with 80 tracks, one side. contact. Replace the six screws and run my memory test The installation of 64K is independent of the number of (Doctor ASCII, March 1984, p. 136). drives that you have. Aside from what you mentioned above, do the following: Locate and remove the two ICs la­ Q. I recently purchased a DMP-100printer. Can you help beled Ull and U29 They should be a 74LS 138 and a me find a machine-language graphic screen dump that . will 74LS02. Carefully bend pins 4, 5, and 6 of the 74LS02 send a PMODE 4 screen to my printer? straight up. Remember, chips are numbered counterclock­ John Skahan wise from the notch. Bend pin 5 of the 74LS 138 straight up. Manhattan, KS Solder a short piece of 30-gauge wire to pin 8 of the 74LS02. Solder this at the point where the pin enters the A. The BW-dump program of Radio Shack's new Hi-Res chip because this pin must go back into the socket. Solder Screen Print Utilities (cat. no. 26-3 121, $9.95) should do the other end to pin 6 of the same chip. Replace the chips in the trick . their sockets. Solder a piece of 30-gauge wire from pin 5 of the 74LS138 to pin 4 of the 74LS02. Finally, locate TP l Q. I recently purchased a 16K standard CoCo at the close­ and solder one end of a length of 30-gauge wire to pin 5 of out price of $119.95. I would like to upgrade to 64K and the 74LS02 and wire-wrap the other end on TPI. add Extended Basic. Should I wait 90 days before opening It is not in the latest version of the TRS-80 catalog, but the case? Do you have any other suggestions? John Soles of the Radio Shack Plus Computer Center in Steve Brewster Columbia, kindly supplied me with the following in­ Pocatello, MD, ID formation: There is a new product, Hi-Res Screen Print Utilities, Radio Shack cat. no. 26-3121, $9.95. It consists of A. Adding the memory and Extended Basic is a fairly sim­ two programs: CO-dump and BW-dump. They are posi- ple process. Since you have an F board, adding memory

HOT CoCo June 1984 IOI Doctor ASCII______, only involves substituting the eight RAMs and adding a at least 100 hours and check all features such as the key­ jumper. Adding Extended Basic simply a matter of plug- board, RS-232, and cassette ports to make sure they work is ging chipa into an empty socket provided in your CoCo for when the machine is both hot and cold. This is a good idea that purpose. I would caution you to run your machine for even for those who plan no modifications. When you are convinced that the machine is 100 percent, then proceed with the mods. The newest catalog, RSC-11, lists the 64K memory chips, cat. no. 26-3017, at $69.95, and the Extend­ ed Basic kit (ROM and manual), cat. no. 26-3018, at $39.95. you need do now is find someone who sell All will 10 FOR 24576 I= TO 24758 them to you without the "required" installation. 20 READ X 30 POKt; I,X 40 NEXT I Q. I saw a letter in the January issue about a reader who 50 CSAVE "GDUMP" ,&H6000,&H60B6 ,&H needed a screen dump for the IDS Micro Prism 480 printer. 6000 I am enclosing a copy of one that I wrote, GDump. It prints 60 DATA 158, 186, 17 5, 141 , 0, a small picture (3 Y2 inches wide) with one dot per pixel. I al­ 177 , 4 8, 141 so modified it so that you can get a double-sized screen 70 DATA 0, 144, 141 , 77 , 111, 1 print (7 inches wide). This is shown in GDump 2. Both rou­ 41 , 0, 17 4 tines are relocatable. 80 DATA 111 , 141 , 0, 165 , 198, 7, 166 , 141 Charles Hall 90 DATA 0, 164, 167 , 141 , 0, 15 Raleigh, NC 6, 111 , 141 100 DATA 0, 153 , 111 , 141 , 0, 1 I am sure that owners of the IDS Micro Prism 480 53 , 141 , 65 will appreciateA. your efforts. For those without an assembler, I 110 DATA 102, 141 , 0, 143 , 108, have converted your programs to POKE routines. (Listings 141 , 0, 13 8 I and 2). • 120 DATA 90 , 3 8, 243 , 166, 141 , 0, 132, 68 130 DATA 141 , 44, 129, 3, 3 8, 2 , 141 , 38 140 DATA Program Listing GDump 10 8, 141 , 0, 117 , 3 8, 2. 2 206 , 166 , 141 150 DATA 0, 112, 167 , 141 , 0, 1 12, 129, 191 10 FOR 24576 TO 24768 I= 160 DATA 35 , 190 , 4 8, 141 , 0, 8 20 READ X 3, 141 , 1 30 POKE I,X 170 DATA 57 , 166, 132, 12 9, 4, 40 NEXT I 3 9, 6, 141 50 CSAVE "GDUMP2 ",& H6000, &H60C0 ,& 180 DATA 5, 4 8, 1, 32 , 244, 57 , H6000 126 , 162 60 DATA 158, 186, 17 5, 141 , 0, 190 DATA 191, 52, 22, 166, 140 , 181 , 48, 141 75, 6 8, 68 70 DATA 0, 154, 141 , 87 , 111 , l 200 DATA 6 8, 167 , 140 , 73, 166, 41 , 0, 184 140 , 67 , 129 80 DATA 111 , 141 , 0, 175, 198, 210 DATA 191, 34, 2 8, 198, 32, 7, 166, 141 61, 227 , 140 90 DATA 0, 17 4, 167 , 141 , 0, 16 220 DATA 5 9, 17 4, 140 , 51 , 23 0, 6, 111 , 141 13 9, 18, 166 100 DATA 0, 163 , 111 , 141 , 0, 1 23 0 DATA 140 , 47 , 132, 7, 76 , 7 63 , 141 , 75 4, 3 9, 3 110 DATA 102, 141 , 0, 153 , 99, 240 DATA 89, 32, 250 , 89, 53 , 2 141 , 0, 153 2, 57 , 95 120 DATA 38, 4, 108, 141 , 0, 14 250 DATA 32, 249, 27 , 74, 44, 5 2, 90 , 3 8 0, 57 , 51 130 DATA 237 , 166 , 141 , 0, 136, 260 DATA 44, 54, 53 , 57 , 44, 36 68, 141 , 48 , 13 , 3 140 DATA 141 , 46, 129, 3, 38, 4 270 DATA 4, 3, 2, 27 , 74, 44, 4 , 141 , 40 8, 44 150 DATA 141 , 38, 108, 141 , 0, 280 DATA 57 , 54, 4 8, 44, 36 , 13 117 , 38, 196 , 4, 255 160 DATA 166, 141 , 0, 112, 167 , 141 , 0, 112 Program Listing GDump 1. 170 DATA 129, 191, 3 5, 180, 4 8, Listing continued

HOT 102 CoCo June 1984 ______Doctor ASCII ----.

listing continued 141 , 0, 83 LOWEST PRICE 180 DATA 141 , 1, 57 , 166 , 132, EVER FOR A 129, 4, 39 FULL DUPLEX 190 DATA 6, 141 , 5, 4 8, 1, 32, ORIG./ANS. 244, 57 MODEM 200 DATA 126 , 162, 191, 52, 22, 166, 140 , 75 210 DATA 6 8, 6 8, 6 8, 167 , 140 , INCLUDES CABLE AND 2 73 , 166, 140 �fltAIN80W' FREE •· HOURS ON 220 DATA 67, 129, 191, 34, 28, COMPUSERVE 198, 32, 61 SAVE-A-BYTE BATTERY BACK-UP $59.95 230 DATA 227 ' 140 , 5 9' 17 4' 140 '83 See Review in Rainbow December ' 51 , 230, 139 GORILLA/BANANA PRI NTER $1 99.95 240 DATA 18, 166, 140 , 47 , 132, 7, 76, 74 250 DATA 39, 3, 89, 32, 250, 89 ��fc�ow 64K RAMS 8 FOR $43.95 ' 53 ' 22 ALL MODULES CARRY 90-DAY WARRANTY 260 DATA 57, 95 , 32, 249, 27 ' 7 TRY BYTE-BACK MODULES FOR 10 DAYS WITH 4, 44, 49 NO OBLIGATION 270 DATA 49, 4 8, 44, 56, 52, 50 ' 44' 36 CHECKS VIS4 MONEY ORDERS 280 DATA 13 , 3, 4, 3, 2, 27 , 74 --· , 44 290 DATA 4 8' 44, 57, 54, 4 8, 44 ASK ABOUT DEALER DISCOUNTS ' 36 ' 13 BYTE·BACK CO. Shipping and Handling $4.95 300 DATA 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0' 0, 0 Department R· 1 END Rt. Box 147 • Brodie Rd. 3, Leesville, S.C. 29070 Ph. 803_532_5812

"' 187 MAKE IT IZ:K:SJ INTERNATIONAL / ] We �are in ourCOLOR THIRO year COMPUTER and we wou ld Like CLUB, to give toINC the .fir .:;.st 1,000 EASY TO SAVE 1111�1\t]IV Color Computer Users that request information on joining the club a your copies of FREE SAMPLE ISSUE of our club bi-monthly news letter. We are also having a drawing for a FREE ICCC, Inc . T-Shirt ($"8.00 Va lue) on the 12th of Apri l. So, send of 500 wltl win) . in your name to be put in the pot ( 1 our All ent ries must be postmarked no later than Apri L 1st.

Membe rship fee is $30 U.S., $40 Canada & Mexi co, $50 Overseas Surface Your magazineHOT library is yourCoCo prime reference source-keep it rate, and $90 Overseas Ai rmail rate. All prices are in U.S. funds .

handy and keep it neat with these strong library shelf boxes. Di scounts to members are from 5� to 25X off Major Companies' prices They are made of white corrugated cardboard and are dust resis­ such as: the RAINBOW, Hot Coco, PCLEAR-80, Sugar Software, and more ••• tant. Use them to keep your magazines orderly yet available Our Library contains over 170 prog rams for the CoCo, TDP-1 00, and the a// MC-1 0 along with 32 Cor more) R.S. ROMpa cks and over 100 good books. for constant reference. Our Part 's Library can save you down time wh ite waiting for a part for Self-sticking labels are available for the following: your computer and the price for parts is not that high if you decide Micro Magazine Radio Electronics to buy the pa rts instead Ceg. Coco Case $15 gray/$30 white, ECB Chip 80 73 $76, 8 64K Chips S46, or BAS IC and Oisk ROMs $20). We also do upgrades Microcomputing QST Personal Computing to all computers for S10 - $25, depending on version and . upgrade type.

inCider CQ HOT CoCo For more information or a charge application over the phone, you RUN Ham Radio Interface can call ei ther the VOICE line (regu lar telephone line) at 214- INTRODUCING One box (BXlOOO) is $2.00, 2-7 boxes (BX1001) are $1.50 each, 657-7834 or ca ll the Bu lletin Boa rd System at 21 4-657-8147. and 8 or more boxes (BX1002) are $1.25 each. Be sure to specify •THE OFFICIAL• INTERNATIONAL COLOR which labels we should send. Make sure you take note of all COMPUTER CLUB, INC . NEW prices and addresses. TEE SHIRT ORDER YOURS TODAY! for credit card orders: Main Offi ce Call TOLL-FREE 2101 Main St., Henderson, TX 75652-3399 Grayw1th Blad - � E. t214l 657-7834 !214) 657-8 147 VOICE I BBS LOGO & Trim lPl�a�e specity s11e -Sm. Med, 1-800-258-54 73 BoxCa 7498,nadian S Branchn, SK S7K-4L4 P.O. lrg.or X·Lrgl ( Or use the order form in this magazine and mail to: U06) 694- 1750 BBS <306J 693-9429 Color VOICE askatooI \ oo ... SS. ! J:Jt1s 1 oo S/tt 1or lJ.� [. P

..- See List of Advertisers on page HOT CoCo Jun.:1984 103 99 __ �- REVIEWS

CoNTENTS ease of use documentation you can't use equations for posting on performance error handling Pro-Color-File individual records. Enhanced You can define and store up to nine 10 r---+---+----t------1 104 prompting messages for keyboard in­ 9 r---+----+----l------1 The Factory B r-��+---+----t------1 105 put. A posting routine often needs 7 f------'-+----+----l----'-----1 Manager such input. For instance, it can be im­ 6 Business 105 (Record portant to enter the date on which 5 RMS 4 Management System) you're updating a database. Informa­ 3 l'---'-.,.+�+----'-+----l----1 106 tion entered in response to these mes­ 2 -"'""'"----+----+--- �-'{-' , Atom f-' -+ ---! sages is typically placed in undefined 1 107 Application Software Filmastr 1.2 108 fields (i.e., fields that the data file it­ Micro Compac self isn't using). The program then lO'J Pro-Color-File Enhanced passes the values to the fields where Deninger Software additional equations need them. P.O. Box 5300 edited by Mark E. Reynolds The earlier Pro-Color-File docu­ Florence, SC 29502 mentation was densely packed. The 32K arated by commas, on the appropriate manual has more than doubled in $79.95 disk lines of the video display. thickness, growing to 71 pages, and Parameters under your control in­ there are now quite a few illustrations by Scott L. Norman clude print font, the number of hori­ of what you might expect to see on the zontal and vertical spaces between la­ screen at various points. It also in­ ack in August 1983, I wrote a re­ bels, and the number of labels across a cludes a pair of sample database set­ view of version 2.0 of Dennis Der­ sheet. ups, complete with multiple label and ringBer's potent database manager, There are other applications besides report formats. Pro-Color-File (HO T Co co, p. 23). actually printing shipping labels, of I still wouldn't call the document Now he has produced an enhanced course. The manual points out that light reading, and there are a few version of this powerful program, and label formats are ideal for printing col­ this review update is to let you know umns of data. If you are using an 80- of the improvements he has added. column printer, then by setting the la­ As with the earlier versions, Pro­ bel-to-label horizontal and vertical Color-File Enhanced lets you perform spacings to and 1 and the number H Jl,f", Demnger . 40 . . . 1nr. fairly extensive calculations on infor­ of labels across to two, you'll get a continues to perfect his mation you've stored, and it offers a perfect two-column page . This might

multitude of commands for sorting a be easier than setting up a two-column program technically ... " file and for selecting individual rec­ report of the normal kind, especially if ords. The enhanced version offers the you don't need headings and totals. same features as the earlier one, but Pro-Color-File's mathematical abil­ the author has added some new items, ities have been improved. The equa­ minor typos, but in general there has expanded the number of reports and tions defined in earlier versions of the been a great improvement. computational equations you can de­ program could contain the four ele­ Program author Dennis Derringer fine, and improved the documenta­ mentary operations, and there was a has also qemonstrated his willingness tion. shorthand way of indicating that you to keep customers apprised of prob­ Besides some expanded original should sum fieldsoccupying a number lems and their remedies. Pro-Color­ characteristics, Pro-Color-File has the of sequential columns, but that was it. File is a complex system, and it has newfound ability to define up to six Now it is possible to set up a relative happened that individuals have found short printed report formats (mailing equation-a single equation that you flaws in one aspect or another of its labels, actually). These are in addition can apply to multiple sets of data operation; a couple of bugs that sur­ to the eight different formats available fields by automatically changing the faced in the report-generation routines for full-size reports. field references it contains. This is a bit under certain specific conditions come Label formats are stored on disk like the relative-addressing capability to mind. under their own names, and you can of spreadsheets. But Derringer continues to per­ Mr. protect each with a five-letter pass­ Along with relative equations fect his program technically, and he's word against unauthorized access. comes another enhancement: the abil­ very good at helping customers who Specifying the fields to be printed is ity to post (i.e., make mathematical have problems. simpler than the corresponding task changes) to the entire file at once. The Pro-Color-File Enhanced remains a for reports; now it's merely a matter term comes from the concept of post­ maj or force on the Color Computer of listing the number of the fields, sep- ing charges to a financial account, but database manager scene. •

104 HOT CoCo June 1984 ______.:.,.__ _ REVIEWS ____;__---.

difficult designs to copy. Sunburst rec­ ommends The Factory for ages 7 to adult, and, obviously, the younger the child, the more he pick up from will the game. The Factory is excellence in educa­ tional gameware. Its attractive, precise graphics portray the machines and de­ pict your raw material as it goes through the steps you've planned. You see only the side view of the ma­ terial as it moves through each pro­ cess, and the anticipation builds as you watch the machines punch, rotate, and stripe the square and you wait to see the final product. Will it look like you want it to? The Factory This is a good, challenging game. It also provides plenty of cerebral exer­ cise as you mentally visualize and plan ease of use documentation no pretense at competing with the the steps in a physical process. The perf ormance error handling video arcade or the textbook. But it Factory isn't inexpensive, but from J I does use the computer's unique capa­ the packaging on, it's a first-class pro­ 10 ;� ' f 'C·< "C , ,,. -.- bilities to present a truly interesting gram. If there's someone around your 9 . .. ' f 8 and valuable means of cognitive-skill house who might be a future engineer, 7 . development, and no other medium or otherwise need to develop visualiza­ 6 5 (besides an actual factory) could pro­ tion and planning skills, I think you'll 4 vide the same interactive experience. find this educational game worth the 3 � ' .. ' This program puts three machines price. • 2 "J- ;\ 1 at your disposal: a punch, a block ro­ Application Software tator, and a striper. You use them in­ ease of use documentation performance error handling dividually or in combination to create I I The Factory patterns on squares of raw material 10 Sunburst that pass along an imaginary conveyor 9 39 Washington Ave. belt on the computer screen. 8 7 Pleasantville, NY 10570 With the punch you can make one, 6 32K two, or three square or round holes. 5

$49 The rotator turns the raw material 45, 4 . disk 3 90, 135, or 180 degrees counterclock­ 2 by Mark E. Reynolds wise, and the striper makes a thin, me­ 1 + Application Software staff dium, or thick stripe across the square. HO T Co co The program leads you through he idea of educational games some­ step by step, showing you how each Business Manager times reminds me of the TV com­ machine works, and presenting op­ Custom Software 80 mercialT in which two small boys refuse portunities to use them to produce 5720 Brooke Lane to eat their breakfast cereal simply be­ various results. The challenge comes Sylvania, OH 43S

HOT CoCo June 1984 I05 ______REVIEWS ______-i RMS even look up valid entries in memory at one time. Each month you will can add the monthly to the yearly a file. For example, the file could con­ totals and clear the monthly account tain a table of suppliers with whom ''Furthermore, totals to begin the new month. you deal. The program uses serial files loaded provides a V alid.ation checks can prevent nu­ into rather than random-access RMS merous errors and prevent many un­ RAM files. While this limits the possible fe ature fo und only on wanted headaches with customers. number of transactions, it also makes the best database Managers can have much more confi­ the program run quickly. dence in the accuracy of data their The Business Manager also moves management systems: clerks have entered, since the screen rapidly from one function to another format and validation checks make · It can validate and is quite easy to use. It doesn't take mistakes less likely. much to delete or replace an entry or the data you 're entering Unless you have a Flex editor, how­ to review your transactions. Each and throw out ever, you might find creating the data­ transaction record shows the account entry screen frustrating. RMS comes date and the source of income or re­ obviously erroneous with its own line-oriented editor by cipient of payment. which you create the screen and enter information. " Neither does Basic slow the pro­ and update all data. But the edi­ RMS gram noticeably. For the functions tor is clumsy to work with. It made carried out with this software, Basic is formatting the screen a maj or hassle. satisfactory. To begin with, I had to hold down Because the program is in Basic, it three keys simultaneously for most would be easy to modify Business way to write difficult business applica­ commands. For example, I had to Manager to meet particular needs. tions and handle substantial amounts press shift/break/I to insert a new You could extend it for cash register or of information. It does, however, record. checking purposes, for example. have some limitations. The real problem with the RMS ed­ However, if you only need a check­ At the heart of RMS is a machine­ itor is that I often coqld not tell what I management program, software de­ language program that accesses, up­ was doing. As I was creating a data file signed specifically for that purpose dates, reads, and writes files. RMS with student numbers as a key field, might be a better choice. Business uses direct-access files, which means the editor would not accept certain Manager is not intended for demand­ that it doesn't need to read through all numbers and confused 03 with 3. The ing business applications, but it is suit­ the records in a sequential file to find result was a file with duplicated ed to the simpler requirements of a the record it is looking for. As a result , . records. home or part-time business. • it can operate quickly and accommo­ I had similar problems updating date a large number of records. (changing) the screwed-up records. I ease of use documentation performance error handling RMS becomes a good option for then decided to delete the duplicated small businesses with on-line informa­ records, which worked well. But I had 10 1-----1----- tional needs. In a retail operation, for earlier defined my file as having 50 9 f----f---- records, and RMS counted the deleted 8 example, you could place all stock in 7 an inventory system that could quickly records. 6 show clerks the items that were in Potential buyers must also under­ 5 stand that RMS cannot compute num­ 4 stock. 3 bers in fields. Therefore, it's aptly 2 File Manipulation named a record management system 1 Application Software When creating a new record with (for keeping textual records), since it RMS, you work with a formatted doesn't handle quantitative data-man­ RMS (Record Management System) screen that prompts you for necessary agement tasks. Washington Computer Services information. Therefore, even inexpe­ For example, the small-business Silvem Lane 3028 rienced users can readily enter or man who wants to update payroll Bellingham, WA his 98225 change data. Just put your informa­ master file won't find RMS suitable 64K, Flex tion on dotted lines that represent the for his needs. In order to compute net $200 allowable field length . pay, the program must subtract the OS-9 version) ($250 Furthermore, RMS provides a fea­ deductions from the gross pay, but Uniflex version) ($300 ture found only on the best database RMS can't perform this simple arith­ management systems: It can validate metic. by James Perotti the data you're entering and throw out The RMS manual describes how to good file-management system pro­ obviously erroneous information. prepare Basic programs to perform vides easy access to records and Validation can mean, for example, these computational tasks, but they re­ Alets you find, select, or update specific that RMS accept only alphabetic quire some serious programming ef­ will information. As such, RMS, with its data of a certain length for city or forts. Think about it. You might need strong file-manipulation abilities and state; or balances between $1 and to read the monthly pay rate (gross) report writer, is a good choice for the $999.99; or credit standings of X (ex­ and the different deductions from the small business. It provides a simplified cellent), G(ood), F(air), or P(oor). update file, perform the subtraction,

106 HOT CoCo Jun� 1984 and write the answer as a new field in Once again, however, you'll find package includes a ROM pack, a the new master file. You might also creating the Report file frustrating 22-by-34-inch poster displaying a need to read the old master file and without a Flex editor. space station in the formof a spiral pe­ write to the new to compute the year­ riodic chart, and an instruction book. to-date gross and net pay. Shades of To Buy, or Not to Buy The 12-page instruction book pre­ Cobol! Potential buyers must consider the sents chemical facts with drawings to advantages and disadvantages of illustrate states of matter, subatomic Indexing the File RMS. It has strong file-management particles, periodic charts, and the RMS lets you sort the data file, and and report-writing features; it pro­ characteristics of some of the ele­ in that way improve performance. vides fast on-line query capability, and ments. All you need do is create an index file that therefore might be very useful for a Atom gives a choice of a black, tells RMS which field to use for a sort small business. buff, or green screen background. The in ascending order. If you are inserting On the other hand, it can't compute screen includes a game clock, bunkers, records that are in alphabetic order, file data, and the RMS editor is a se­ free electrons, electron holes, a then sorting the file that way lets you rious flaw . Depending on the kinds of nucleus, playing graviton, and reserve hit the "next" command to move the information you keep, the ability to gravitons. The clock is calibrated in next name in that sequence. compute fields might not be important nanoseconds. Conversely, if you 're working with to you. The editor, however, is an im­ To play you use the joystick to ma­ dates, sort the file by the date field. portant part of the package and a ma­ neuver your graviton to pick up free When information is printed out, it is jor source of frustration.• electrons and shoot them into the elec­ important that it be in the order most tron holes of the correct energy level. readable by people and not in an order sound documentation Students who tried to play the game most effective for the machine. graphics playabiltty without reading instructions were con­ The indexing is really a resequenc­ I I fused and told me the joystick was 10 ' ing of direct-access files, and RMS 9 > broken. But this just shows them that . .. 8 uses a form of indexed sequential ac­ ' reading can be important. cess method (ISAM). As IBM main­ 7 6 ;. You lose your graviton by colliding frame users have discovered, ISAM is 5 . \ with a free electron or a bunker, or by /•) a terrific feature to have with large 4 '.; , "·' placing an electron into an incorrect .'it. ' files. 3 energy level. When the clock runs out, 2 1 the unstable atom explodes, sending The Report Writer Games you back to the first element of the en­ Report is a separate program in the Atom ergy level you are on. Being an atom RMS package that is very nicely done. Tandy/Radio Shack builder isn't an easy job, but someone It does two things: It provides a way to 1400 One Tandy Center has to do it. format file information for printing, FortWorth, TX 76102 The sound effects are as good as I and it provides a way to select specific Cat. No. 26-3149 have heard on any CoCo game, but I information. The Report file can con­ $19.95, 16K ROM pack wasn't so impressed with the reward tain commands to format a title page, of seeing the element I created appear a regular report page, and a summary by James W. Wood on the periodic chart. The lack of a wrap-up page. It can subtotal or total sudden death or a retained high score numeric fields or write headers for the adio Shack's educational pro­ also detract from the gaming appeal. top of any of the pages. You can in­ gram, Atom, challenges you to However, Atom is not just a game. clude or exclude fields or records from constructR electron shells for the ele­ It is an effective educational tool that the report. ments hydrogen through xenon. The uses color, motion, and interaction to

HOT CoCo June 1984 107 help students understand the concept of electron energy levels. It doesn't touch on the three-dimensional s,p,d, and f sublevels, but if it included all theories on atomic structure, I might start worrying about my position as a chemistry teacher. •

ease of use documentation performance error handling I I 10 1------1----+----t-----i 9 1-----4-----1----+-----l 8 1-----4-----1----+-----l 7 6 f-----+----+-----+----t1------1----+----t-----i 5 1-----4----+-----+----t 4 f-----+----+-----+----t 3 2 f----4----+-----+----t1------1----+-----+----i

Application Software

Filmastr 1.2 The Computer House Box 1051 DuBois, PA 15801 16K, Extended Color Basic $29.95 cassette $34.95 disk for the speed of sorting and selection. sign. It's easy to set one up, and the Since Filmastr stores all records in a program makes no distinction be­ by Scott L. Norman file as fixed-length strings, the length tween alphabetic and numerical data, ilmastr is a medium-priced data varying from file to file, its capacity is so it is not necessary to learnany codes manager best suited for files of best expressed in terms of the total to designate what sort of information F number of characters it can support. you enter into the various fields. moderate size and complexity. Its will mathematical abilities are quite lim­ A 16K computer has space for about It's a simple matter to set up multi­ ited, so you probably wouldn't want 9,000 characters in the data file, while ple files with the same structure: Just to use it for data requiring a lot of a 32K machine can store about 24,000. read in the common screen format, fill calculation. There are some restrictions as to it with your data, and save it to disk or On the other hand, it boasts fast how you can organize the data, tape under its own name. sorting and selecting operations and though. You can't include more than can be quite useful for keeping track fields-or 255 characters-per A Screen Editing Problem 20 of information that you must fre­ record. Filmastr offers full-screen editing quently rearrange and break down ac­ during data entry, but I encountered a cording to the values in various fields. problem using the shifted dovm-arrow It is easy to learn, too. command to delete a character and Version 1.2 is an upgrade that elimi­ "It 's a simple matter close up the resulting space. nates any need for you to issue The difficulty first appeared when I to set up multiple PCLEAR commands to reserve mem­ was working on a nearly complete rec­ ory. A single command starts either files with the ord and decided to use the command the tape or disk version, and Filmastr to delete part of an unsatisfactory seems to run on both old and new same structure. " field. As I deleted characters, I noticed ROM configurations. part of a previously-entered field from The tape and disk versions are quite another record starting to creep into similar in operation, which means the Strangely enough, the 255-character the screen where I was working. properties of tape as a storage medium restriction is only mentioned in the ad­ Typing in new material didn't push actually dominate the program's oper­ vertisements-not the documentation. the intruding text off the screen, ei­ ation. In other words, since tape is not So if you haven't read the ad, you ther. I had to use the shifted up-arrow a random-access medium, Filmastr might try to set up longer records, and combination to insert enough blank has to be memory-resident; the entire you won't learn of your mistake until spaces to force it off the screen.

work file must fit into RAM and leave you try to read a recorded file back The troublesome thing was that this enough room for the rearrangements from tape or disk. Then it's too late, interfered with my ability to scan that take place during a sort. because you receive an error signal through my file. When I saved the da­

This isn't necessarily a bad thing. It and the program returns control to ta and then reloaded it into RAM , I limits the size of the files you can deal Basic. found that Filmastr would not page with, but it is also partly responsible You enter data into screens you de- through the file one record at a time:

IOB HOT CoCo June 1984 ______REVIEWS ___ __

The display would begin with the first record, all right, but commands to ad­ HThe ability to sort BAUD ADDR 16931 ADDR 16932 vance by one record resulted in only 110 2 163 part of the display changing. This records is an 300 0 241 would eventually data from sever­ 600 mix important aspect of 0 118 al records on the screen. 1,200 0 57 2,400 0 I subsequently duplicated the effect database management, 26 with other complete files loaded from 4,800 0 10 disk. If I repeatedly used the shifted and Filmastr is versatile 9,600 0 2"*

down-arrow to edit old fields, the in this regard. " **This baud rate may not function for all whole organization of the file eventu­ 9,600-baud systems ally seemed to suffer. Until someone eliminates this problem, you'd better spite the editing problem I referred to Table I. MC-IO Baud Rates edit by overtyping incorrect material earlier, Filmastr can be quite useful and using the space bar to blank out for informal data management. It is anything left over. largely self-prompting, so the manual soon becomes a back-up reference File Management ADDRESS FUNCTION document (although I'd like to see MC.IO Filmastr can quickly sort a file into some of its rough spots eliminated). 147 Basic start MSB ascending order according to the con­ The fact that you don't need to 149 Variables start MSB tents of any field. It can also order 300 identify different types of fields­ 16932 Baud-rate LSB records in about five seconds, accord­ numbers, strings, dates, and so on­ 17025 Cursor LSB ing to the documentation. It treats when defining the structure of a file 17232 Start of MC Compac 17306 20K top of pointer numbers just like alphabetic data. makes life considerably easier for the RAM 19341 Start of patch Leading spaces are ignored in the sort­ casual user. 19360 End of patch ing process, so 10 is considered smaller Filmastr protects data rather well, 19440 End of Micro Compac than 5. To keep things straight , use the too. Since it disables the break, clear, 19456 Start of text buffer same number of digits for everything and enter keys and uses them for con­ 19525 Relocated start of Basic in a numerical field: 5 should be 05, trol fu nctions at various points in the 20479 End of 4K text buffer and so on. program, there is no apparent way to 36863 End of 20K text buffer The ability to select records is an im­ lose a file, short of pressing the reset 63306 Cold start to Basic portant aspect of database manage­ button. That sort of security can be ment, and Filmastr is versatile in this just as precious to the novice as it is to Table Important addresses used in this regard . You can select records on the the professional with a large, complex 2. review basis of a complete or partial match database to worry about. • with a key phrase and designate any field for the comparison. You can also ease of use documentation use the relational operators < and >, performance error handling You also get a well-written and il­ so the criterion >N applied to a Iast­ I I lustrated 11-page manual that shows name field would identify everyone 10 t-��-.-��-t-��--+��--< typical interconnection diagrams and whose surname begins with A-M. 9 1--��-+-��-+-��-+��--1 8 1--��-+-��-+-��--j-��--1 a sample startup session. Although it It is not possible to define formats assumes you use a Radio Shack 7 1--��-+-��-+-��-+��--1 will for Filmastr reports and store them 6 1--��-+-��-+-��--j-��--1 Modem I or Modem II, I used an 5 for fu ture use. Instead, you must spec­ 1--��-+-��-+-��-+��--1 acoustic-coupled modem with no 4 1--��-+-��-+-��-+��--1 ifywhich fields you want, and in which 3 1--��-+-��-+-��--j-��--1 problems. order, whenever you require printed 2 1--��...-��_,....��-...��---t 1 output. This is true of video displays, Application Software Getting Started as well. In fact, if you preview a report The multifunction startup menu on the screen, you must go through Micro Compac could be confusing to a beginner. the definition cycle again to get the Tandy/Radio Shack However, each function's default val­ printout. Cat. No. 26-3350 ues are set to be correct for most dial­ It's not hard to do, though. A few MC-10, modem in services. Even though the manual simple codes format the listing. You $29.95 tells you to unplug the cassette record­ can print fields in an entirely different er from the MC- 10 after you log on to order from that in which they appear by John S. Cullings the bulletin board service (BBS), I in the file itself. he Micro Compac probably found that unnecessary. is Unfortunately, the space available the smallest and the least expen­ You can select several communica­ for format codes limited, so it isn't siveT color Videotex communication tion parameters before you make a is practical to set up elaborate headings package available today. And the call. You have the following options: for Filmastr reports. There are no fa­ price includes an introductory mem­ 110-, 300-, and 1,200-baud data rates; cilities for pagination or for printing bership to CompuServe Information full or half duplex; 7- or 8-bit word the sum of a numerical data field. Services (CIS) along with the soft­ lengths; automatic line feed; and an Despite these limitations, and de- ware-not a bad deal. upper- and lowercase mode.

HOT CoCo June 1984 109 _ _ REVIEWS ______, quit function to perform a partial cold 5 REM MICRO COMPAC MODIFICATION start to Basic. 5 REM COMPAC SCAN/PRINT ROUTINE 10 CLEAR 100,19456 10 REM POKE 147 ,76 & POKE 149,76 15 REM TYPING OR LOADING ! •You need a suitable scrolling/print­ 15 CURS;l7025 20 IF PEEbeforeK(l47) ;76 THEN 30 ing program. Program Listing 2 does 20 INPUT "PAGE (l-34) ";P 25 SOUND 66,66: EXEC 63306 : KILL 25 S;P*512+18944 30 FOR I;l9341 TO 19360 this, and it scrolls through the buffer 30 M;PEEK (S) 35 READ D: POKE I,D pages at about 420 baud. 35 IF M<32 THEN M;M+64 40 NEXT I: END 40 IF M;l28 THEN M;32 45 DATA 081,038,243 ,206 ,000 To patch a printer function to Mi­ 45 PRINT CHR$(M) ;:S;S+l 50 DATA 128,111,000,008,140 cro Compac use these steps: 50 K$;INKEY$: IF K$;""THEN 30 55 C;PEEK (CURS) :C;C-32*INT (C/32) 55 DATA 001,000,03 8,248,254 CLO ADM the original program. 60 DATA 066,080 ,126 ,247 ,101 e 60 IFK$;"B"THENB;S-C-480:GOT030 POKE 19525,0: POKE 147,76: 65 IFK$;"E"THENE;S-C-448:GOT0100 e 70 IF K$;CHR$ (8) THEN S;S+l Program Listing Compac Patch 1. POKE 149,76. 75 IF K$;CHR$ (9) THEN S;S-1 Type or CLOAD Listing 1. 80 IF K$;"P" THEN 90 e 85 SOUND 66,l: GOTO 30 • Run the Basic program to make the 90 C;INT( (S-18944)/512) Backspace and Escape patch. 95 PRINT:PRINT"PAGE ";C: GOTO 20 100 PRINT:INPUT"PRINTER SET" ;I$ The manual doesn't mention the •If you CSAVEM at this point, you 105 J;0: POKE 16 932 ,118:REM baud backspace function, although you can can eliminate steps 2, 3, and 4 in fu­ 110 FOR I;B TO E-1 : M;PEEK (I) 115 IF M<32 THEN M;M+64 backspace to correct an on-line typing ture sessions. 120 IF M;l28 THEN M;32 error. Simply press break and @ si­ Once you've installed and executed 125 LPRINT CHR$ (M) ; 130 J;J+l :IF J;32THEN LPRINT:J;0 multaneously. You can use control/H the patch, all functions should per­ 135 NEXT I: LPRINT: PRINT: PRINT for a backspace, but not control/A. form as before. When you are ready to 140 INPUT" RESUME" ;I$:S;E:GOTO 30 Pressing break and the colon keys at print, press break and the equal-sign Program Listing Scan and Print the same time send an escape keys to enter the buffer-examine 2. will character. mode. Pressing Z scans the buffer one page at a time. The patch eliminates Text Buffer the W function (reverse scan). To re­ pnntmg, the program prompt will You also get a buffer-examine turn to Basic for printing, press Q with "Resume?". Press enter again to mode for reviewing text that has (quit). resume scanning. scrolled off the screen. The size of the The printing be 32-columns­ will text buffer depends upon the size of per-line, exactly like the screen dis­ the machine. A 4K MC-10 has a buff­ play. The printer patch overwrites er size of two pages (two screens of 512 "Micro Compac (destroys) part of the original commu­ characters each), while a 20K MC-10 offe rs a very nication program. To return to the holds 34 pages. It takes about 10 ­ min communication mode, type and enter utes of continuous data at 300 baud to usefu l fu nction EXEC 63306, CLOADM Micro a 34-page buffer. fill fo r the MC- 10. " Compac, and type EXEC. The Micro Compac won't recognize any memory sizes except 4K and 20K. CSAVEM If you have an 8K MC- 10, POKE The MC-10 does not have a 17306,96 before executing the pro­ Enter the printing program after the CSAVEM function to save a machine­ gram. OK prompt. Type Listing 2 or CLOAD language program to tape, but you You can scroll the text buffer for­ it from tape. Line 105 contains the can make a backup of Micro Compac ward or backward-but only in full­ printer baud-rate constant. See Table by any of the following ways: page increments. Although this makes 1 for several popular baud rates. •Use an Extended Color Basic Color reading more difficult, you can search Run the program and start the scan­ Computer and type CSAVEM the pages more rapidly. ning at any page from 1-34 (20K "COMPAC ", 17232, 19440,17 232. MC- 10). You can scan parts of pages. •Use the Humbug monitor program Printing While running, the program has the (Star-Kits, P.O. Box 209-H, Mt. Kis­ You can print all or part of the text co, 10549, $29.95, cassette) following five options: NY buffer, and this is one of its most use­ • P-identify current page and MCH7500 in a 20K MC-10. Enter SA ful functions. However, Micro Com­ prompt for new page, 4350 4BFO 4350 COMP AC. pac doesn't offer a printer option. •-+--shift printout one column left, •Use Program Listing 3 on page 69 Getting a printout of the Micro •�-shift printout one column of the September 1983 HO T CoCo. Compac text buffer requires the fol­ right, Before CLOADing, enter POKE lowing: • B-mark beginning of print area 19525,0: POKE147,76: POKE149,76.

•Disconnect the modem and connect (press when the first print line is at the (STRT = 17232 END = 19440 EXEC

the printer. This is most easily done top of screen), and = 17232 NAME = COMPAC). with a switch box. • E-mark end of print area (press Micro Compac offers a very useful • The program not let you return when the last print line is at the top of function for the MC-10. Unless you will to Basic, and if you force a Basic cold screen). must upload and download files, it start, you'll lose all buffer memory. After pressing E, the program should suit your needs. Given the MC- will The machine-language patch in Pro­ prompt with "Printer set?". Connect 10' s limited potential, this might be gram Listing 1 solves this. I've re­ the printer, turn it on, load the paper, the best communication program the placed the scroll-up function with a and press enter. When you've fm ished little Coco ever see. • will

110 HOT CoCo June 1984 - HOT CoCo

00

us 8 char you won 'c a single Accach HOTLee know CoCo. '"eeks in ad..ancelabel so /-.-'t-�llWL\MIUUIL-y-4 where miss issuead· of old your indicated and printtt'henet new •L'T you «·Tice concerning subscrip· dress in space provided'"°'". Also in· helps us prompclv. Reader elude mailingsert•e label "°'' . Wince co: De· IJ

.____ _.,QT CoCo •PO Box 975 •Farmingdale NY 11737.----�

Fiction, Fantasy, and Computer Adventure For the Color Computer will take your child To order call toll-free for Rainbow Quest Rainbow Quest, on a space adventure of the future. The credit card orders, 1-800-258-5473. (In New Hamp­ shire, call 924-947 1.) Or mail your order with pay­ planet Rainbow is a faraway land of ment or complete credit card information to: events for young readers to discover. Wayne Green Inc., Book Sales, Peterborough, is a book-and-software include $2.00 per package for ship­ Rainbow Quest NH 03458. adventure for the ping and handling. Orders payable in U.S. dollars Color Computer. Children read and play along as Molly only. and Sam meet strange creatures as they by Richard Ramella. Rainbow Quest make their way across the planet Rain­ Illustrated by Coni Porter. bow. To reach their goal, they must BK7391 ISBN 0-88006-064-6. Wayne Green Books are available at your survive on their own and face the chal­ local bookstore. Dealer inquiries invited. lenges they meet. Readers will help ...- 331 Molly and Sam find their way through dark and ------Color my child's imagination! Send me confusing mazes, solve word and number puzzles, _ Rainbow Quest I packages fo r the Color Computer at each. (Include I (BK7391) $24.95 and conquer invaders in arcade-style games. Each per package for shipping and handling.) $2.00 obstacle they meet is a program, on the I Rainbow cassette, ready to load and run. I Paymem Enclosed MasterCard VISA AMEX Quest I 0 0 0 0 has programs in all. Book Card # Exp. date ____ Rainbow Quest 25 and software are sold together in a protective stor- I Name Signature ______age binder with complete instructions. Each I Rain- Address ______package for the is I bow Quest Color Computer I City State___ Zip $24.95. I 1------I - _�:'.'.�='.::ks,r::::ugh,��� -�6B4�J --- - ...- See List of Advertisers on page HOT CoCo Jun� 1984 99 Ill ..------PRODUCT NEWS_ edited by Cyn thia Smith

Advanced Editor on OS-9 disk is a Each recipe can use up to 3,040 • Abridged Microindex-month- comprehensive editor that auto­ characters, including title, ingredi­ 1y issue for medium-sized libraries, Information used in the matically loads 0-Pak hi-res files ents, and instructions, and can be colleges, high schools, academies, Product News section is sup­ s for full screen display. It has 41 accessed by title, number, or a spe­ computer dealers, and mall busi­ plied through manufacturers' commands using conventional cial keyword search. The recipes nesses; $49 yearly, $6 per issue. press releases. HOT CoCo has syntax, global search, find, and can be listed on the screen or print­ • Journal-specific, end-of-volume not tested or reviewed these change commands, and 21 line-ed­ er. It sells for $27. 95 plus $2 ship­ Microindex-for individual read­ products and cannot guarantee iting commands. ping, and requires 32K and a single ers, small libraries, schools, and any manufacturer's claim. This editor doesn't require that disk drive. businesses. The Microindex to HOT Coco, you count lines and characters to Basic Programming Utilities and Vol I, will be avail­ find or move the pointer, and you Print Spooler includes the follow­ able after July 1984 for $7. Prices can edit files larger than memory. ing: range from $5 per year, to $12 per Write An It requires OS-9, and sells for • Sprint-this printer spooler sets issue. $39.95 plus $2 shipping. up a printer buffer in upper mem­ • Other variations such as com­ Adventure The Sourcerer on OS-9 disk is a ory so you can print while other plete one-volume annuals and When you have played enough menu driven, symbolic 6809 disas­ computer operations continue un­ monthlies, or annuals based on video games to know you could sembler that produces symbolic affected. topics such as education, business, write a better one, there is help in source code that can be assembled. e BASREF-this utility prints a Radio Shack computers, IBM, or this new book by Delton T. Hom. It includes: complete variable and line number Apple, will be announced as they Golden Flu tes and Great Escapes: • Automatic equate generation cross-reference list for Basic pro­ become available, or on specific Ho w to Write Adventure Games for labels and symbols outside of grams. demand. describes the process of designing disassembly range • VDump-the values of all the For more information contact variables in your Basic program Serious Personal Computing, and coding programs, and gives e FCC, FCB, and FDB genera­ fu ndamental rules of creating tion are printed in this utility. P.O. Box 7059, South Nashua, original, interactive adventure • It is written in 6809 machine • CCExpand-if you have 64K NH 03060. 603-888-1376. you can use this combo of the Reader Service v games. It gives four game pro­ language for speed 559 grams with explanations of how • Position-independent code is re­ Sprint utility with a 51-by-24 hi-res screen, a 25K printer buffer, and they work. locatable to any area of memory Deluxe It is helpful to be familiar with • It produces files with or without use only 287 bytes of user mem­ Basic programming, but you don't line numbers, and can produce ory. Leapfrog have to be a computer whiz to en­ symbolic labels for all extended • FIXDIR-this is a disk-only joy the programs. Chapters in­ addresses. utility that helps you clean up Can you hop your frog home? Your first challenge is to maneu­ clude Creating a Plot, Marketing The Sourcerer costs $39.95 plus Basie's disk directory. ver him across a busy highway Your Software, Complicating the $2 shipping, and requires OS-9. The package sells for $19. 95 on cassette or $24.95 on disk plus $2 loaded with speeding cars, trucks, Program, and many others. Disk Fix and other OS-9 Utilities shipping. and tractors. Beware of snakes Look for it in bookstores or lets the OS-9 use disk drives to the slithering along the middle. Hop contact Dilithium Press, 8285 For information on any of these fullest potential. It supports true your frog on crocodiles, 3-D logs, S.W. Nimbus, Suite 151, Beaver­ products, contact Computerware, double-sided/double-density drives, Box 668, 4403 Manchester Ave., and diving ladybugs as you cross ton, OR 97005. 800-547-1842. 40 tracks, and step rates of up to Suite 102, Encinitas, CA 92024. the river. Pick up the lady frog and Reader Service v 6ms. All necessary patches or new 557 619-436-3512. munch on a fly for bonus points. software are included for format­ Reader Service v Deluxe Leapfrog features realis­ 563 ting, reading, and writing true tic graphics and a unique sound double-sided/double-density disks system. Put a cassette with music with up to tracks. 40 into your recorder or plug the Included with the OS-9 Disk Fix Microcomputing black jack into a radio, and the package is DMODE, which allows Overseer game plays your favoiite music in modification of your disk drive the background. descriptors. DIRCOPY includes The Microindex journal is a This game is for one or two copying of complete disks with comprehensive index to micro­ players and has both high score one command, copying of any computing-oriented periodicals, and reset features. It is available subdirectory, automatic overwrite including HOT Co Co . It is for all on 16K cassette for $21.95 plus $2 of command, automatic overwrite ages, disciplines, and levels of ex­ shipping. Contact Photographies of existing files, and sorting direc­ pertise. Software, 114-41 Queens Blvd., tories in alphanumeric order while Article data includes title, au­ Forest Hills, NY 11375. copying and replacing outdated thor, page, length, journal, issue, Reader Service v 561 files with current ones. reader level, and rating. Article The utility package also in­ types include all features, articles, cludes Patch, program for in­ a product reviews and announce­ Cold Duck? specting and modifying any disk­ ments, and significant letters and based file. Filelook displays file notes. Tabulation is for easy refer­ Ice Bird is a new strategy arcade modules without loading them in­ encing in levels by microcomputer game from Crystal Software. In it Create Yo ur Own Adventure to memory, and Compare com­ model, and general and specific you become a penguin in a maze of Games pares a disk file with memory. topics such as elementary educa­ ice blocks. Ice Bird can push or This package sells for $29. 95 on tion, and accounting. shatter these blocks with ease and Computerware's disk plus $2 shipping, and requires Microindex is available in the must connect three diamond Latest Line-Up OS-9 disk. following versions: blocks without getting stung. CoCo Cookbook is a free-format • Microindex-a monthly issue There are over a dozen maze Computerware has introduced data-base system designed to store for large libraries, universities, levels and the game uses high-reso­ the following products for the and retrieve a large number of rec­ and businesses; $99 yearly, $12 per lution, animated graphics for the Color Computer: ipes, up to 270 on a single disk. issue. 16K CoCo. Joysticks are required

112 HOT CoCo June 1984 _____ PRODUCTNEWS. ------1 for one or two players. Ice Bird ror-recovery routines. It requires sells for $28.95 (disk) and $24.95 32K or more and at least one disk, (cassette) plus $1.50 for shipping. includes an operating manual, and Contact Crystal Software, 6591 costs $69 .29. Order through a Dawsey Road, Rock Creek, OH dealer or contact Star-Kits Soft­ 44804.21 6474-7626. ware Systems Corp., P.O. Box Reader Service .,,. 562 209, Mt. Kisco, NY 10549. 914-241-0287. Reader Service .,,. 556 Definitive Reference Oak Furnishings The TRS-80 User's Encyclope­ dia (Color Computer and MC-10) For Decorator CoCos is a definitive reference book for If you're tired of putty beige, your Radio Shack Color Comput­ reinforced steel, chrome, and er. It save you time by bring­ will smoked plexiglass computer work ing material from many sources stations and desks, then A.J. Hil­ into an alphabetical reference liard Inc. is manufacturing your handbook . answer. Their line of solid oak and The User's Encyclopedia guides oak veneer office/computer furni­ you through machine operation, ture is traditionally styled and suit­ Basic programming, and what's able for office or home. available in software and hard­ Larger pieces are shipped ware. Entries are short and clear, knocked down in two or more and cross-referencing points you boxes and you need a screw­ will to related items. It also contains driver and tack hammer to assem­ names and addresses of software ble them. Prices vary up to $349. and hardware manufacturers list­ For more information contact ed alphabetically in the vendor's A.J. Hilliard Inc., 11814 Coursey list at the end of the book. Blvd., Suite 425, Baton Rouge, You will find accurate, up-to­ LA 708 16. 504-927-0270. date descriptions or reviews of Reader Service .,,. 553 products, and just about every­ Model 800 Desk with Bookcase. thing else you need to know about your CoCo. Written by Gary Phil­ Model 550 Desk lips and HOT CoCo's Technical Sugar for Editor Guier S. Wright, Th e Your CoCo? TR S-80 User's Encyclopedia (Col­ CoCo, and The Nuclear Survival characters per second, 4,000 rec­ ords per file, 16 files open at the or Computer and MC- 10) is pub­ Sugar Software has two new Program for the MC- 10 and the Coco. same time, 255 characters per field lished by The Book Company, 294 products for the Color Computer. All programs are available for name, and up to 255 named fields Donahue St., Sausalito, CA The Semigraf graphics editor $7 per cassette. For more informa­ per record. 94965. 415-331-2395. has high-resolution graphics for Reader Service .,,. 558 projects such as program title tion and a free catalog, write The program is menu-driven, screens, and slide presentations. Moses Engineering, Box 11038, uses single key commands, and You can combine text with graph­ Huntsville, AL 35805 . there can be up to eight fields in Reader Service .,,. 551 Corect Mispelings ics to make a computer book. the primary key. Subfield defini­ The editor is menu driven, has tions can be nested and record def­ Spell 'N Fix Level II is a spelling auto-repeat, letter set, sample pic­ Pharaoh's Secret initions copied from file to file. and typographical correction pro­ tures, and Sugar Software's mag­ You can edit records with a full Tut's Tomb, a high-resolution gram that builds on Star-Kits' ic-delete feature. Semigraf re­ screen type-over editor and copy arcade game from Mark Data, Spell 'N Fix. This program splits quires 16K and comes on disk them when identical data is to be takes you through the ancient the screen into two windows. The ($24.95), or tape, which includes repeated. You can sort records in maze of Pharaoh's tomb. You top window shows the text in up­ Extended and non-Extended ver­ ascending or descending order by fight dangerous creatures at every per- and lowercase as it is being any field and select them by field sion ($19.95). tum as you find keys that lead to read ; the bottom window displays Bible Stories Adventure is de­ content with full logic combina­ the ultimate treasure. program status, misspelled words, signed for the farnily. It uses five tion capabilities. This 16-screen epic comes on and possible alternative spellings. well-known Old Testament stories The user can set print formats 32K cassette for $24.95, and 32K Spell 'N Fix Level II has a in which you are the hero. Among and place data by field name any­ disk for $27.95. Contact Mark 20,000-word dictionary; you can where on the printed page, and the adventures-lead the Israelites Data Products, 2400 1 Alicia Park­ add up to 20,000 additional words send it to the screen (with format across the Red Sea, and slay Goli­ way, No. 207 , Mission Viejo, CA or use alternative dictionaries. ath. It requires 16K Extended Col­ capabilities) or save it as an ASCII 92691. 714-768-1551. Each time the program encounters file. or Basic and is available on tape Reader Service .,,. 555 an unknown word in the text being for $19.95 and disk for $24.95. Data files are also accessible proofread , it lets you add it to the Contact Sugar Software, 2153 from multiple drives. The pro­ dictionary or correct it. Leah Lane, Reynoldsburg, OH Elite-File gram is memory resident with no When correcting a word, Spell 43068. 614-861-0565. program overlays from disk. Elite­ 'N Fix Level II lets you browse Reader Service .,,. 554 A relational data-base manager File is compatible with Elite-Cale through the computerized dictio­ with all the editing and report-for­ and Elite-Word. You can load nary to find the appropriate spell­ matting features found on large both spreadsheets and ASCII file ing or a replacement word. Once a Moses's Latest computer systems is now available address lists into random-access word is corrected, the program for the Color Computer. data files. remembers the old and new words, Moses Engineering has an­ Elite-File is a machine-language Elite-File is available on disk and suggest the correct spell­ nounced a new line of programs program that allows you to define only for 32K and Disk Basic for will ing if the bad word is encountered for the Color Computer and the your own data record structures $74.50 plus $2 shipping. Contact again. MC-10. They include Introduction and reformat them without re­ Elite Software, Box 11224, Pitts­ The program is fully self­ to Solar Energy and Introduction structuring the entire data base. burgh, PA 15238. prompting and has extensive er- to Computer Math, both for the Elite-File can handle up to 2,000 Reader Service .,,.550

HOT CoCo June 1984 113 STOCK &FUND INVESTI NG TITAN MISSION is a stock market analysis ��159516K, 1 Player, Cassette FUNDGRAF a nd program that not only graphs and analyzes u�o��"f l::�;�� ,a�� �d�e����r�;i��i�n������I �e ::�; menaceand freemankind to continue its exploration of space. funds or stocks, but also makes decisions COLOR TREK - Blast Klingons and save the Federa­ on when to BUY and SELL. HANGMAN tion in this game of both skill and strategy. Includes • GRAPHS fu nd's progress (up to wks). 16K,1595 1 Player, Cassette an instructions program and ten levels of difficulty. 200 • SUPERIMPOSES for comparison: The old favorite spellinggame comes lo life on the screen. Complete Requires 16K of memory. withwestern graphics and word choice. Great spellingaid. Cassette S7. 9S ·aline of constant percent growth. RAT RACE ADVANCED D&D NON-PLAYER CHARACTER ·a graph of any 01her fund (or s1ock). 16K,1595 players, Joysticks required, Cassette MAKER - Takes into account spells, weapons, hit • CALCULATES over any given time span: Change2 from cat to ttie mouse in your race for the cheese. It's one on points, level, class, gender, race, alignment, cons1itu· t'he - the percent price change. oneagainst lami� and friends. lion bonus, racial adjustments, and minimum re· quiremcnts. Whew! A must for all dice weary DM's. - 1he moving average (any span). SUBDESTROYER Requires J6K of memory. • INDICATES BUY and SELL signals. 16K,1595 1 Player, Cassette Cassette S 14.9S Race agains1stime and pilot your ship inlo the proper positionlo drop depth charges on enemy submarines. Increase your ranking lrom is a portfolio and account "Dinghy Pilot" to "Commander in Chief". ARE YOU BORED WITH YOUR FUNDFILE 4K COLOR COMPUTER? management program for securities. It creates files for up to transactions GOPHER COLOR ALEPH PROGRAM PACKAGE Includes 900 - 50 16K,1595 1 Player, Cassette COLOR CYCLES, COLOR BLACKOUT, and securities and reports asset value, Help goplier vegetablesfrom fhe farmers garden by manuvering & throughthetunl'lels. gelAvoid the farmer and foxes in your quest for dinner. COLOR MAZE. Each is progressively difficult and rea lized & unrealized capital gains, adjust · requires only 4K of memory. ed costs (for stock dividends), and MORE! ! Cassette SI CONCENTRATION i.9S 1291 COLOR CYCLES Play chicken against motorcycles HIEWI 16K, 1 Player, Cassette - Memory is the name of the game in this malch game. The of light with up to seven enemies at one time. Wrillen in I I I I -FUNDGRAF - sharpermemory controls. Fun for adults and children. machine language. FUNDGRAF STOCK TAPE @ S-19.95 A Cassette S4. 9S MARKET ANALYSIS- DISK @ S69.95 DODGE 'EM PROGRA\t 1291 COLOR BLACKOUT - Armed with only a tennis rac­ FOR lhK EX HIEWI 16K, Players, Joysticks required, Cassette quet and five balls, you must knock out the colored bars TRS.80 COLO - FUNDFILE - 2 D ISK only @ S27 .95 Avoid your opponent'straps and set him up in yours in this piece by piece. Joysticks arc required. highly competitiveone on one struggle for survival. �� • ADD S2 Hondling Cassette S4.9S L.::. o ll r� Send check, money order, Master Csrd or VISA COLOR MAZE Run for your life through a twisty � n a ordr . - • maze. All the while, an angry ghost is chasing at your -- • · Dctoil>? SEND SASE along with $1.50 shipping and hand/Ing to: r1t1-H·� C'Cl.Dll��� c0rrJ1t1t.�s:;::;;t:J l�:;;.rr: -1" t11r<.v heels throwing paralysis rays. Be wary of the med· -/'°'"" • 1 6 K ECB Requir'd. YOUNG HORIZONS SOFTWARE · primer ootionJI Bellaire Av e: dlesome programming wizard who rearranges the maze I l I I Dayton,215 Ohio .-111 around you. Includes machine language subrou1incs. 45420 Cassette S4.9S PARSONS SOFTWARE, DEPT.E Ohio residents add 6% sales tax. 118 WOODSHIRE DR IVE you have any questions concerning your Coco, Aleph Unlimited PARKERSBURG, WV �6 101 ..-320 If send them to us, we'll be glad to assist you. P. Box 8007 0. 04 .-60 M Stockton, California 9S2

a Se1101/Pora1101 lntertoce IOI' !he HA RD WA RE FOR YOUR CO-CO Radio Shock'" Colo1 Compuier Our 1n1ertaco orJows your Coco to connect witri mos1. cu11en11v KEYBOARDS monufocturod pnnrecs andoffers DRI VE 0 $3 79. sucn feoiurcs as 0 Swilch seloctob!e baud rare?5 lrom 300 to Q600 0 Sw1rctl soiectab!e printer or DRIVE 1 $229. modem operc11ons 0 Ehm1nat1on al recoble1ng 11 comes cob!eo with standard "DIN" connec1ors ror Coco and f'v\:defn .AJsa"Centronlcs" stanaora 30 pin connecfos ror onnters coco 0 Sell conto1nec Pov.-er Suppty ana C0ta Serial/Parallel lntecface • TANDON DISK DRIVES 85 10 $399 ..., Perfect for replacement or add on drive for any 5" drive ." system. """"""' TM100-1 40 Track Single Sided . . ..$179. $89.95 TM 100-2 40 Track Double Sided . $279. TM50-1 6ms Irk-Irk Single Sided Thinline. . . $169. TM50·2 6ms trk·lrk Double Sided Thinline . $219. Single case with extenders with drive above . . $49.95 Dual case with extenders for drives above . $79.95 WICO Two Drive Cable . . $24.95 Atari CO-CO Adapter to $17.95 64K COCO KIT $62.95 -

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1-800-231-6671 114 HOTCoCo June 1984 You've invested a lot of time and money into your computer .. BUSINESS PAC 100 It's time that investment paid off! Now Available for the TRS-80 Color Computer! Includes Inventory Control, Payroll, Accounts Receivable, THE COLOR ACCOUNTANT Accounts Payable, Checkbook Maintenance, and more. Comes with 128-page user's manual. Introducing The Color Accountant (from The Program­ Interest apportionment by Rule of 78's • Annuity computation program mer's Institute) , the only complete personal financial • Time between dates • Day of year a particular date falls on • Interest package specifically designed for the TRS-80 Color rate on lease • Breakeven analysis • Straightline depreciation • Sum of Computer. This unique package includes: the digits depreciation • Declining balance depreciation • Double declining balance depreciation • Cash flow vs. depreciation tables • Print checks with daily register • Checkbook maintenance program Complete Checkbook Color Graph Design 1 . 6. • Mortgage amortization table • Compute time needed for money to Maintenance Package (graphs any files) double, triple, etc. • Determine salvage value of an investment • Rate Chart of Accounts Maintenance Check Search 2. 7. of return on investment with variable inflows • Rate of return on invest­ Income/Expense Accounts 8. Home Budget Analysis 3. ment with constant inflows • Effective interest on a loan • Future value 4. Net Worth Statement 9. Decision Maker of an investment (compound interest) • Present value of a future Payments/Appointments Mailing List 5. 10. amount • Amount of payment on a loan • Equal withdrawals from Calendar investment to leave zero over • Simple discount analysis • Equivalent nonequivalent dated values for obligations• Present value of deferred After the initial setup, THE COLOR ACCOUNTANT requires less & annuities • Percent markup analysis for items • Sinking fund amortiza­ than an hour of data input each month. tion program • Value of a bond • Depletion analysis • Black-Scholes The checkbook maintenance program is the key to the entire options analysis • Expected return on stock via discounts dividends package. Once your checkbook is balanced, the checkbook summary • Value of a warrant • Estimate of future earnings per share for company • Compute alpha and beta variables for stock • Portfolio selection file will automatically update the home budget analysis. net worth. model • Option writing computations• Value of a right• Expected value and income/expense statements. You can then graph any file. record analysis • Bayesian decisions • Value of perfect information • Value of bills and appointments, make decisions. print a mailing list. analyze additional information • Derive utility function • Linear programming various accounts or stocks, and even calculate taxes. solution by simplex method • Transportation method for linear pro­ All programs are menu-driven and allow add/change/delete. Each gramming • Economic order quantity inventory model • Sing le server queueing model • Cost-volume-profit analysis • Conditional profit file and statement can be listed to screen or printer, and saved to tables • Opportunity loss tables • Fixed quantity economic order cassette or diskette. THE COLOR ACCOU NTANT also comes with 40 quantity model • Cost-benefit wa iting line analysis • Net cash-flow pages of documentation that leads YO';J step-by-step through the entire analysis for simple investment• Profitability index of a project• Weight­ package. The TRS-80 COLOR Ext . Basic requires 16K for this package. ed average cost of capital • True rate on loan with compensating balance required • True rate on discounted loan • Merger analysis computations• Fi nancial ratios for a firm • Net present va lue of project Cassette Diskette •· Laspeyres price index • Paasche price index • Construct seasonal • 95 95 s74 $79. quantity ind i ces for company• Time series analysis linear trend • T i me series analysis moving average trend • Future price estimation with inflation • Mailing list system • Letter writing system (links with mailing list system) • Sort lists of names • Shipping label maker• Name label maker• DOME business bookkeeping system • Compute week's total Send For Our hours from timeclock info . • In-memory accounts payable system $2 • Generates invoices on screen and print on printer • In-memory New 64-Page Catalog (#1 1) inventory control system • Computerized telephone directory • Time use analysis• Use of assignment algorithm for optimal job assignment Which Contains • In-memory accounts receivable system • Compare 3 methods of More Than Software Products. repayment of loans • Compute gross pay required for given net • Com­ 500 pute sel ling price for given after-tax amount • Arbitrage computations (Catalog is provided FREE with any order) • Sinking fund depreciation • Computerized UPS zone table • Type envelope with return address • Automobile expense analysis • Insur­ ance policy file • In-memory payroll system • Dilution analysis • Loan amount a borrower can afford • Purchase price for rental property To Order: • Sale-leaseback analysis • Investor's rate of return on convertable Write or call Toll-Free (800) 431 -281 8 bond (N.V.S. residents call 914-425-1 535) 100 Ready-To-Run ;LD.r:'IP50 NORTHLJ PASCACKTAD.� ROAD%L �:H."' 9 SPRING VALLEY, N.Y. 10977 Business Programs ' add shipping rn UPS areas S3 tor ' add $5 to CANADA or MEXICO · add $4 for C.0.0. or non-UPS areas · add proper postage elsewhere only sgg_ 95 (Available on diskette only) Also available for TRS-80 Models I, II and Ill, Apple, Atari, 30-DAV- MONEY BACK GUARANTEE Osborne, Kaypro, all Commodore Computers and most ··• CP/M systems. "' ALL PRICES ANO SPECIFICATIONS SUBJECT TO CHANGE DELIVERY SUBJECT TO AVAILABILITY $49.95 $34.95

set of UNIX-like utilities for Hi-R es screen for OS-9 A

OS-9 DYNASTAR/DYNAFORM CRASMB for OS-9 $3 99.00 (includes for OS-9 $59.95 CPM's) DYNASPELL all

Word processing complete with sourc e code into spelling checkerlll