Squirrel Monkeys (Saimiri) A
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Squirrels and Allies (Sciuridae Spp.)
Squirrels and Allies (Sciuridae Spp.) There are about 275 species of tree, ground, and flying squirrels throughout the world, ranging from the five-inch pygmy squirrel (Myosciurus pumilio) of Africa to the nearly three-foot giant squirrel (Ratufa indica) of Asia. Currently, there are five species of squirrel found in Rhode Island: The Eastern gray squirrel, the Southern flying squirrel, the red squirrel, the chipmunk, and the woodchuck. Tree squirrels are those species that nest in trees, while ground squirrels nest in underground burrows. This publication is intended to provide information on the above species found in Rhode Island. Eastern Gray Squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) Gray squirrels are the most common species of squirrel in Rhode Island. They are a tree squirrel, however they spend much of their time on the ground, and have adapted well to human-altered environments. They are commonly found in urban and suburban habitats. Gray squirrels can be grayish-brown, gray or black, with a white or light brown underside. Adults range in size from 15 to 20 inches, and between 1 to 1 ½ pounds. Their bushy tail accounts for almost half of their length. Gray squirrels may live between four and eight years in the wild, but they have been known to live up to ten years in captivity. They are active mainly during the day and do not hibernate. In the winter they spend days at a time in their nests, leaving only to gather food. Their habitat is mainly any wooded area with mast producing trees, where they live in tree cavities or leaf nests. -
The Beaver's Phylogenetic Lineage Illuminated by Retroposon Reads
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN The Beaver’s Phylogenetic Lineage Illuminated by Retroposon Reads Liliya Doronina1,*, Andreas Matzke1,*, Gennady Churakov1,2, Monika Stoll3, Andreas Huge3 & Jürgen Schmitz1 Received: 13 October 2016 Solving problematic phylogenetic relationships often requires high quality genome data. However, Accepted: 25 January 2017 for many organisms such data are still not available. Among rodents, the phylogenetic position of the Published: 03 March 2017 beaver has always attracted special interest. The arrangement of the beaver’s masseter (jaw-closer) muscle once suggested a strong affinity to some sciurid rodents (e.g., squirrels), placing them in the Sciuromorpha suborder. Modern molecular data, however, suggested a closer relationship of beaver to the representatives of the mouse-related clade, but significant data from virtually homoplasy- free markers (for example retroposon insertions) for the exact position of the beaver have not been available. We derived a gross genome assembly from deposited genomic Illumina paired-end reads and extracted thousands of potential phylogenetically informative retroposon markers using the new bioinformatics coordinate extractor fastCOEX, enabling us to evaluate different hypotheses for the phylogenetic position of the beaver. Comparative results provided significant support for a clear relationship between beavers (Castoridae) and kangaroo rat-related species (Geomyoidea) (p < 0.0015, six markers, no conflicting data) within a significantly supported mouse-related clade (including Myodonta, Anomaluromorpha, and Castorimorpha) (p < 0.0015, six markers, no conflicting data). Most of an organism’s phylogenetic history is fossilized in their heritable genomic material. Using data from genome sequencing projects, particularly informative regions of this material can be extracted in sufficient num- bers to resolve the deepest history of speciation. -
Black Capped Capuchin (Cebus Apella)
Husbandry Manual For Brown Capuchin/Black-capped Capuchin Cebus apella (Cebidae) Author: Joel Honeysett Date of Preparation: March 2006 Sydney Institute of TAFE, Ultimo Course Name and Number: Captive Animals. Lecturer: Graeme Phipps TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Introduction............................................................................................................................. 4 2 Taxonomy ............................................................................................................................... 5 2.1 Nomenclature ................................................................................................................. 5 2.2 Subspecies ...................................................................................................................... 5 2.3 Recent Synonyms ........................................................................................................... 5 2.4 Other Common Names ................................................................................................... 5 3 Natural History ....................................................................................................................... 7 3.1 Morphometrics ............................................................................................................... 7 3.1.1 Mass And Basic Body Measurements ....................................................................... 7 3.1.2 Sexual Dimorphism .................................................................................................. -
Symposium on the Gray Squirrel
SYMPOSIUM ON THE GRAY SQUIRREL INTRODUCTION This symposium is an innovation in the regional meetings of professional game and fish personnel. When I was asked to serve as chairman of the Technical Game Sessions of the 13th Annual Conference of the Southeastern Association of Game and Fish Commissioners this seemed to be an excellent opportunity to collect most of the people who have done some research on the gray squirrel to exchange information and ideas and to summarize some of this work for the benefit of game managers and other biologists. Many of these people were not from the southeast and surprisingly not one of the panel mem bers is presenting a general resume of one aspect of squirrel biology with which he is most familiar. The gray squirrel is also important in Great Britain but because it causes extensive damage to forests. Much work has been done over there by Monica Shorten (Mrs. Vizoso) and a symposium on the gray squirrel would not be complete without her presence. A grant from the National Science Foundation through the American Institute of Biological Sciences made it possible to bring Mrs. Vizoso here. It is hoped that this symposium will set a precedent for other symposia at future wildlife conferences. VAGN FLYGER. THE RELATIONSHIPS OF THE GRAY SQUIRREL, SCIURUS CAROLINENSIS, TO ITS NEAREST RELATIVES By DR. ]. C. MOORE INTRODUCTION It seems at least slightly more probable at this point in our knowledge of the living Sciuridae, that the northeastern American gray squirrel's oldest known ancestors came from the Old \Vorld rather than evolved in the New. -
Ground Squirrels Live in Burrows That Are Litter Size: Five to Seven
L-1909 6/13 Controlling GROUND SQUIRRELDamage round squirrels are small, burrowing rodents earthen dikes with their burrows. Their burrow- found throughout the state, with the excep- ing and gnawing behavior also can cause damage G tion of extreme East Texas. There are five in irrigated areas. different species in Texas. These are the thirteen- lined ground squirrel, Mexican ground squirrel, spotted ground squirrel, rock squirrel, and the Texas antelope ground squirrel. Most ground Biology and Reproduction squirrels prefer grassy areas such as pastures, Rock squirrels golf courses, cemeteries and parks. Rock squir- Adult weight: 1½ to 1¾ pounds. rels are nearly always found in rocky cliffs, Total length: 18 to 21 inches. boulders, and canyon walls. The rock squirrel Color: Varies from dark gray to black. and thirteen-lined ground squirrel are the two species that most commonly cause damage by Tail: 7 to 10 inches, somewhat bushy. their burrowing and gnawing. Gestation period: Approximately 30 days. Ground squirrels live in burrows that are Litter size: Five to seven. usually 2 to 3 inches in diameter and 15 to 20 Number of litters: Possibly two per year, feet long. The burrow system usually has two usually born from April to August. entrances. Dirt piles around the entry holes are seldom evident. Rock squirrels and thirteen- Life span: 4 to 5 years. lined ground squirrels may hibernate during the Thirteen-lined ground squirrels coldest periods of winter. Adult weight: 5 to 9 ounces. Damage Total length: 7 to 12 inches. Ground squirrels normally do not cause Color: Light to dark brown with 13 stripes extensive damage in urban areas. -
Tree Squirrels
Tree Squirrels When the public is polled regarding suburban and urban wildlife, tree squirrels generally rank first as problem makers. Residents complain about them nesting in homes and exploiting bird feeders. Interestingly, squirrels almost always rank first among preferred urban/suburban wildlife species. Such is the Figure 1. The Eastern gray squirrel is from the deciduous paradox they present: We want them and we don’t and mixed coniferous-deciduous forests of eastern North want them, depending on what they are doing at any America, and was introduced into city parks, campuses, given moment. and estates in Washington in the early 1900s. (Drawing by Elva Paulson) Although tree squirrels spend a considerable amount of time on the ground, unlike the related ground squirrels, they are more at home in trees. Washington is home to four species of native tree squirrels and two species of introduced tree squirrels. Native Washington Tree Squirrels The Douglas squirrel, or chickaree (Tamiasciurus douglasii) measures 10 to 14 inches in length, including its tail. Its upper parts are reddish-or brownish-gray, and its underparts are orange to yellowish. The Douglas squirrel is found in stands of fir, pine, cedar, and other conifers in the Cascade Mountains and western parts of Washington. The red squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus, Fig. 4) is about the same size as the Douglas squirrel and lives in coniferous forests and semi-open woods in northeast Washington. It is rusty-red on the upper part and white or grayish white on its underside. The Western gray squirrel (Sciurus griseus, Fig. 2) is the largest tree squirrel in Washington, ranging from 18 to 24 inches in length. -
The Survival of the Central American Squirrel Monkey
SIT Graduate Institute/SIT Study Abroad SIT Digital Collections Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection SIT Study Abroad Fall 2005 The urS vival of the Central American Squirrel monkey (Saimiri oerstedi): the habitat and behavior of a troop on the Burica Peninsula in a conservation context Liana Burghardt SIT Study Abroad Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcollections.sit.edu/isp_collection Part of the Animal Sciences Commons, and the Environmental Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Burghardt, Liana, "The urS vival of the Central American Squirrel monkey (Saimiri oerstedi): the habitat and behavior of a troop on the Burica Peninsula in a conservation context" (2005). Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection. 435. https://digitalcollections.sit.edu/isp_collection/435 This Unpublished Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the SIT Study Abroad at SIT Digital Collections. It has been accepted for inclusion in Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection by an authorized administrator of SIT Digital Collections. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Survival of the Central American Squirrel monkey (Saimiri oerstedi): the habitat and behavior of a troop on the Burica Peninsula in a conservation context Liana Burghardt Carleton College Fall 2005 Burghardt 2 I dedicate this paper which documents my first scientific adventure in the field to my father. “It is often necessary to put aside the objective measurements favored in controlled laboratory environments and to adopt a more subjective naturalistic viewpoint in order to see pattern and consistency in the rich, varied context of the natural environment” (Baldwin and Baldwin 1971: 48). Acknowledgments This paper has truly been an adventure and as is common I have many people I wish to thank. -
NO2N Import Into Containment Any New Organism That Is Not Genetically Modified
NO2N Import into containment any new organism that is not genetically modified Application title: Importation of specified “new” mammal species into containment at Wellington Zoo, and other zoos, to aid conservation though sustainable display, captive breeding and / or the conservation of genetic material Applicant organisation: Wellington Zoo Trust, 200 Daniell Street, Newtown, Wellington Please provide a brief summary of the purpose of the application (255 characters or less, including spaces) To import into containment 28 mammal species for captive breeding, display, educational presentations and to contribute to conservation by exposing visitors to conservation issues and the conservation of genetic material through breeding PLEASE CONTACT ERMA NEW ZEALAND BEFORE SUBMITTING YOUR APPLICATION Please clearly identify any confidential information and attach as a separate appendix. Please check and complete the following before submitting your application: All sections completed Yes Appendices enclosed NA Confidential information identified and enclosed separately NA Copies of references attached Yes Application signed and dated Yes Electronic copy of application e-mailed to Yes ERMA New Zealand Signed: Date: 20 Customhouse Quay Cnr Waring Taylor and Customhouse Quay PO Box 131, Wellington Phone: 04 916 2426 Fax: 04 914 0433 Email: [email protected] Website: www.ermanz.govt.nz NO2N: Application to import into containment any new organism that is not genetically modified Section One – Applicant details Name and details of the organisation -
Nature Detectives: Thirteen-Lined Ground Squirrels
Spring 2019 Thirteen-lined Ground Squirrels Plus Arithmetic Add 6+7 and your answer is the number of light and dark stripes on ground squirrels with an odd name. The name truly is thirteen-lined ground squirrel. In addition to thirteen cute stripes, their fur has orderly little spots. The cream-colored spots are more squarish than round, and they march in a line up the middle of each dark stripe. The spotted dark stripes and thinner light stripes stand out against a furry tan background. What a fancy coat on a tiny mammal! Thirteen-lined ground squirrels spend most of their time underground, out of sight. In late summer or early fall, the critters enter their winter burrows and plug the entrance shut. The burrows are deep so the temperature in their winter quarters never drops below freezing, no matter how frigid it is above ground. The little squirrels snooze through the winter, barely breathing. Ground Squirrel Spring Once spring arrives, their internal clock signals it is time to wake up. At first, like some sleepy kids on a school morning, the squirrels barely stir. They might visit their toilet room, but they snuggle back to sleep. While school kids may snatch a few minutes extra sleep, ground squirrels may doze for a few more days. But as the spring air grows warmer, the squirrels finally get excited to be out doing their squirrel work. Pull Out and Save Pull Out and The male squirrels are the early risers. Their first spring job is getting their digestive system working. -
Goeldi's Monkey
Goeldi’s Monkey (Callimico) Callimico goeldii Class: Mammalia Order: Primates Family: Callitrichidae Characteristics: Goeldi’s monkeys are very small primates. They are approximately the size of a squirrel. These monkeys are very dark in color, ranging in shades of black and brown. They have a mane-like appearance with longer fur near the head and neck. The Goeldi’s monkeys have claws on all of their digits except the second. These small primates weigh only 22oz on average. They have a body length that is in the range of 8-12 inches. The non-prehensile tail is usually longer than the body. (Primate Info Net) Behavior: The Goeldi’s monkey lives in small family groups usually consisting of a breeding pair and other family members. These groups will Range & Habitat: Upper Amazonian rainforests of grow up to 10 individuals in size. They are very social animals and will southern Colombia, eastern spend a great deal of time grooming and communicating with Ecuador and Peru, western Brazil, vocalizations, scent, facial, and body language. (Animal Diversity) This and northern Bolivia. monkey forages in the understory of the forest and rarely goes up into the canopy. They are very agile and can leap up to 13 feet between branches! (Arkive) Reproduction: In the wild, mating occurs during the wet season of September through November. Females have a gestation of 145-152 days. The female will give birth to a single young twice a year. The mother will care for the newborn for 10-20 days, then the rest of the family group will assist the mother. -
Golden-Mantled Ground Squirrel Or Chipmunk? by Lynne Brosch
Who Is Your Pest? Golden-Mantled Ground Squirrel or Chipmunk? by Lynne Brosch Recently as I went around the lake doing talks on pest management, I had several complaints about chipmunks. People describe a lot of digging and eating of plants by these chipmunks. As I began thinking about putting out some information on how to handle the situation I thought about the golden-mantled ground squirrel, I watched eating garden plants voraciously on the Baldwin Estate grounds just yesterday. Perhaps gardeners need to know who they are dealing with. The golden-mantled ground squirrel looks a lot like a chipmunk. It has a large white stripe bordered by black on each side. The main difference between this squirrel and a chipmunk is that its stripes don’t go all the way to the face and it is a slightly larger animal. It lives along the west coast in coniferous forests and mountainous areas. It likes to eat plants, seeds, nuts, fruit and some insects. It lives in an underground burrow usually near trees or logs. Chipmunks have very similar burrows. Most common in the Tahoe basin is the Lodgepole chipmunk. Fencing can be used to protect plants from squirrels and chipmunks, but has challenges in effectiveness because of the excellent digging and climbing skills exhibited by these garden pests. Hardware cloth may be used to exclude animals from flower beds with seeds and bulbs covered by the hardware cloth and all covered with soil. This method of prevention may prove less costly and time consuming than trapping. The most successful method for control of ground squirrels and chipmunks is the use of traps. -
Capuchins Are the Most Intelligent New World Monkeys – Perhaps As Intelligent As Chimpanzees
Hooded Capuchin Cebus paella cay Capuchin IQ - Capuchins are the most intelligent New World monkeys – perhaps as intelligent as chimpanzees. They are noted for their ability to fashion and use tools. Because of their ability to learn and remember, they were once trained as “organ grinder” monkeys, are often used in movies and have even been trained to assist disabled people with routine tasks around the house. Get a Grip - Hooded capuchins have a semi-prehensile tail that they can use to grip objects. They have opposable thumbs and big toes on their hands and feet further enabling them to easily manipulate objects. They use their prehensile tail to anchor themselves when climbing around in the trees and to keep them from falling when they sleep. Unlike some monkeys with prehensile tails, capuchins cannot hang by their tail alone. Classification The hooded capuchin is also been referred to as the tufted or brown capuchin. Class: Mammalia Order: Primate Family: Cebidae Genus: Cebus Species: paella Subspecies: cay Distribution This species ranges through northern South America, specifically Venezuela, Brazil, Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana. Habitat Canopies of tropical and mountain rainforests. Physical Description • Hooded capuchins are 12-22 inches (30-56 cm) long with a 15-22 inch (38-56 cm) tail. • Adults weigh six to eight pounds (3-4 kg). • Their fur is light to dark brown with a distinctive black cap on the head. • They have semi-prehensile tails. • Hooded capuchins have tufts of hair that form ridges along the side of the top of their head. Diet What Does It Eat? In the wild: Fruit, flowers, leaves, insects, birds, eggs, lizards, and small mammals.