United Nations S/ PV.7132 Security Council Provisional asdfSixty-ninth year 7132nd meeting Tuesday, 11 March 2014, 10 a.m.

President: Ms. Lucas ...... (Luxembourg)

Members: Argentina ...... Mr. Oyarzábal ...... Ms. King Chad ...... Mr. Cherif Chile ...... Mr. Errázuriz ...... Mr. Liu Jieyi France ...... Mr. Lamek Jordan ...... Mr. Hmoud Lithuania...... Mrs. Kazragienė Nigeria ...... Mr. Laro Republic of Korea...... Mr. Oh Joon Russian Federation ...... Mr. Pankin Rwanda ...... Mr. Nduhungirehe of Great Britain and Northern Ireland . . . Sir Mark Lyall Grant of America ...... Mr. DeLaurentis

Agenda The situation in Report of the Secretary-General on Somalia (S/2014/140)

This record contains the text of speeches delivered in English and of the interpretation of speeches delivered in the other languages. The final text will be printed in the Official Records of the Security Council. Corrections should be submitted to the original languages only. They should be incorporated in a copy of the record and sent under the signature of a member of the delegation concerned to the Chief of the Verbatim Reporting Service, room U-506. 14-25977 (E) *1425977* S/PV.7132 The situation in Somalia 11/03/2014

The meeting was called to order at 10.10 a.m. partners remain united and if both accelerate delivery pursuant to their mutual commitments. Adoption of the agenda As I speak, an expanded Mission The agenda was adopted. in Somalia (AMISOM) and Somali National Army are prosecuting a renewed offensive against Al-Shabaab, The situation in Somalia made possible by resolution 2124 (2013). It will be the most significant and geographically extensive military Report of the Secretary-General on advance since AMISOM started, and there have already Somalia (S/2014/140) been notable successes. I pay tribute to the commitment The President (spoke in French): In accordance and sacrifices made by AMISOM and its police- with rule 37 of the Council’s provisional rules of and troop-contributing States. Under Ambassador procedure, I invite the representative of Somalia to Annadif’s leadership, AMISOM continues to be the participate in this meeting. single most important contributor to the security of Somalia and a vital partner for the Federal Government In accordance with rule 39 of the Council’s and the United Nations in peacebuilding, State-building provisional rules of procedure, I invite Mr. Nicholas and stabilization. Kay, Special Representative of the Secretary-General and Head of the United Nations Assistance Mission in Ethiopian troops were officially incorporated into Somalia, to participate in this meeting. AMISOM earlier this year. The United Nations has played its part in preparing for the new operations. On behalf of the Council, I welcome Mr. Kay, who Supplies of food, fuel and water were stockpiled by is joining today’s meeting via video-teleconference the United Nations Support Office for the African from . Union Mission in Somalia (UNSOA) in all sectors in The Security Council will now begin its advance of the operations. UNSOA and the United consideration of the item on its agenda. Nations Assistance Mission in Somalia (UNSOM) have been supporting the training of Somali National Army I wish to draw the attention of Council members to troops. That includes training in human rights and document S/2014/140, which contains the report of the humanitarian law, in accordance with the Secretary- Secretary-General on Somalia. General’s Human Rights Due Diligence Policy. I now give the floor to Mr. Kay. As members of the Council are aware, in Mr. Kay: Thank you, Madame President, for giving Mogadishu the security situation has deteriorated since me the opportunity to brief the Council from Mogadishu the last time I briefed the Council, in December (see today. I also thank the Council for its continued support S/PV.7078). A suicide attack carried out on a United for Somalia’s peacebuilding and State-building. I am Nations convoy, a complex suicide attack against on the ground in Mogadishu and not in the Security the presidential compound in Villa Somalia and Council Chamber in New York due to the intensity of another suicide attack near the National Intelligence the events taking place at the moment in Somalia. I Headquarters, all in the month of February, are hope that the Council can understand that. sharp reminders. The risk of further attacks against international and Somali Government targets remains The best hope for peace and stability in Somalia, the high. The Federal Government and AMISOM have and beyond remains a united, secure and increased their security operations in the city, and the federal Somalia. That is achievable. Somalia can reach Government has developed a new Mogadishu security its goal of an agreed , a nationwide electoral strategy. I look forward to its early implementation and process and increased security by 2016. But times are I hope international partners will actively support it tough and in the short term they may get tougher. and respond rapidly to requests from the Government. Insecurity in Mogadishu poses challenges for , the United Nations and the international community. The United Nations has taken measures to improve The year 2014 is a crucial one. It is marked by security its own security. Planning for the United Nations Guard and political challenges, which will be overcome if Unit, endorsed in February by the Council to protect the Federal Government of Somalia and international United Nations personnel and facilities in Mogadishu,

2/6 14-25977 11/03/2014 The situation in Somalia S/PV.7132 is under way, with the first deployments expected in workplans are built around the priorities identified in April. I take this opportunity to thank the Council the New Deal Compact. and the Government of Uganda for their support On 24 February, President in establishing the Guard Unit. I would also like to and I co-chaired in Mogadishu the first meeting of the thank AMISOM for its cooperation in facilitating its High- level Partnership Forum, the body overseeing the deployment. implementation of the Compact. The Forum concluded Vital though they are, military operations alone that now was the time for both the Government and will not achieve sustainable peacebuilding and international partners to convert plans into actions, State-building. The Government has established a pledges into tangible projects and make real political framework for the stabilization of areas that will become progress. I am pleased to report that as we meet, the accessible as a result of those operations, including Federal Government is finalizing a detailed plan and the establishment of interim local administrations. timetable for a process leading to the formation of Federal UNSOM has been working closely with partners to states, a final Constitution and democratization by 2016. support that. I expect the timetable — which is broadly called Vision 2016 and has concrete and realistic deliverables — to As AMISOM and the Somali National Army begin be published in the coming weeks, following further their offensive, we are all conscious of the need to uphold consultation with stakeholders, including and humanitarian principles and respect for international the Interim Juba Administration. The United Nations humanitarian law. We also need resources. I urge stands ready to play a central role in supporting its donors and partners to contribute to the trust fund for implementation. the supply of non-lethal support to the Somali National Army, in line with resolution 2124 (2013). Such United Strengthened public financial management Nations support for a national army is groundbreaking is another pillar of State-building. Following the and requires our collective effort and determination to resignation of the former Governor of the Central succeed. Bank in November 2013, the Government has made progress towards rebuilding national and international Developing strong, professional Somali security confidence in its financial institutions. A key step forces is essential. Progress is being made, but it is has been the establishment of a financial governance made harder by the continuing insecurity and conflict. committee, involving experts from the Government UNSOM’s work on security sector reform continues. and international financial institutions to advise on We are, for example, taking some practical steps, such financial management. Alongside other key measures, as supporting biometric registration and the provision the Federal Government has agreed to share the existing of uniforms. We plan to support the Somali Police strategic concession contracts with the committee Force’s recruitment of 2,300 additional police officers for technical review and expert advice. Improved in 2014. transparency and accountability are critical steps in Somalia’s security institutions need urgently to initiating aid flows. The World Bank, I should note, has be properly funded. I hope that international partners been intrepid in supporting on the ground the progress will work with UNSOM, AMISOM and the Federal we are beginning to see. Government to work out how to do that in a timely and The formation of Federal states needs to be effective manner. I am pleased also to report that in accelerated. I said as much in my briefing to the February the training mission began Council in December (see S/PV.7078), and it is even its training programmes inside Somalia. That is a more true today. In Baidoa, in south-west Somalia, significant step that deserves our recognition. the gulf between two rival camps, advocating a six- Achieving greater security is a vital task for and three-region state respectively, remains wide. On 2014, but the political dimension of State-building 3 March, I called on all parties to respect the Constitution and peacebuilding is equally vital this year. After and existing agreements of the Federal Government nearly three months of negotiation, Somalia now has and to resolve disputes through inclusive dialogue. I a new Federal Government under the leadership of continue to offer UNSOM’s good offices to support a Prime Minister . The Cabinet Federal Government-led process. The Government has contains experienced and technocratic Ministers whose

14-25977 3/6 S/PV.7132 The situation in Somalia 11/03/2014 clearly stated its commitment to a three-region state, a which includes AMISOM, UNSOA and UNSOM, has position that should be respected. been established, and I hope that in the near future it will also include the Federal Government. The In southern Somalia, the formation of the Interim consultative process to create a national human rights Juba Administration continued, with the announcement commission is still delayed against a background of of ministerial positions on 20 February. There have been sustained attacks against human rights defenders and positive steps towards reconciliation and inclusiveness, journalists and the continued application of the death but the full implementation of the 28 August 2013 Addis penalty. I am also deeply concerned about the ongoing Ababa agreement requires continued engagement and incidence of sexual violence in Somalia. I look forward compromise. I salute the efforts of as Chair to the implementation of the recommendations of the of the Council of Ministers of the Intergovernmental United Nations Team of Experts on the Rule of Law Authority on Development and guarantor of the Addis and Sexual Violence in Conflict established under Ababa agreement. UNSOM is working with the Federal resolution 1888 (2009). The Team of Experts visited Government, the Interim Juba Administration and Somalia in December 2013. partners to mobilize resources to manage an increased caseload of disengaged combatants in Kismaayo and to Despite significant humanitarian crises around the take forward reconciliation initiatives. world and within the region, I believe that Somalia must remain a priority. The country’s humanitarian crisis To the north, in Puntland, on 8 January I witnessed, is among the largest and most complex in the world. along with several members of the international An estimated 2.9 million people will need immediate community, the election of President Abdiweli life-saving and livelihood support in the next six months. Mohamed Ali Gaas and the peaceful handover by former Recent improvements in the humanitarian situation President Abdirahman Mohamed Farole. UNSOM are fragile and risk reversal if the current trend of low supported critical mediation efforts in the run-up to the and slow funding for the 2014 humanitarian appeal elections and advocated, among other things, for greater continues. There have been reports recently, also, women’s political participation. I am encouraged by the of displacements as a result of the recent offensives, new Government’s commitment to the resumption of especially in Bay and Bakool. As of 9 March, some Puntland’s suspended democratization process and the 3,700 newly displaced people had arrived in Baidoa, restoration of relations with the Federal Government of mainly due to fear of attacks. As of today, they have all Somalia. President Gaas has highlighted the difficult started receiving shelter and household items. We also budget situation and the shortage of funds to pay the had reports of some 700 previously displaced families salaries of Puntland Government officials, including who have returned to Xuddur after it was recaptured by security forces. I hope that donor efforts to find an Somali national army and AMISOM forces. interim solution will bear fruit. Humanitarian access due to the volatile security I am inspired by the vigour and enthusiasm of situation remains a major challenge. Humanitarian Somali women’s political advocacy. Twenty-three partners are working to determine urgent needs and women’s organizations from south-central Somalia how best to respond. On 10 December 2013, a tripartite and Puntland have established the Somali Women agreement was signed between the Governments of Leadership Initiative to campaign for increased political , Somalia and the Office of the United Nations participation by women. UNSOM remains firmly High Commissioner for Refugees for the voluntary committed to enhancing women’s participation in repatriation of Somali refugees in Kenya. But conditions national decision-making. Encouragingly, in Puntland, in Somalia are not yet conducive to wide-scale refugee President appointed five women to his return. Without sufficient preparation, mass returns Cabinet, more than any of his predecessors. could, in fact, cause instability and worsen the Promotion and respect for human rights are at the humanitarian situation in the country. core of UNSOM’s support to the Federal Government. As a result of changes in its legislation, in We have been working with both AMISOM and the December 2013, the Kingdom of began Somali National Army to provide training on human deporting Somali nationals and other migrant workers. rights, international humanitarian law and refugee law. It is estimated that more than 22,000 have returned to A joint working group on human rights due diligence, Somalia thus far. The International Organization for

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Migration expects that as many as an additional 33,000 I now give the floor to the representative of Somalia. people could be deported in the next three months. Such Mr. Duale (Somalia): I thank you, Madam President, an influx into Mogadishu could exacerbate the plight of for allowing me to make a few points here. I also thank the internally displaced in the capital. the members of the Security Council. Mr. , Progress in Somalia has been mixed thus far, but Special Representative of the Secretary-General, has it is progress. We still have a long way to go. The given a thorough briefing, which I believe gives the targets that the Federal Government has set itself, best picture, as far as I can see, with regard to the in partnership with the international community, current situation in Somalia. I fully agree with most of remain relevant and feasible. National reconciliation, the points in his briefing and the issues raised. federalism, the conclusion of the constitutional process What I can now affirm is that our Minister for and the rebuilding of security institutions are critical. Foreign Affairs has expressed his commitment to the Despite setbacks and delays, none of those tasks remain requirements set out in resolution 2142 (2014). An out of our collective reach. But time is of the essence. assessment team is now going to or has perhaps already The time for action is now. left for Mogadishu to assess the issues and difficulties To conclude, Somalia and Somalis desperately need facing the Somali Government in complying with improved security. I firmly believe that can be achieved, its requirements, as set out in paragraphs 3 and 7 of but it requires a collective effort. National reconciliation the resolution. It is hoping to assist in improving the must be fast-tracked. The establishment of Federal capacities of the Federal Government of Somalia in states is critical to the creation of a cohesive and implementing the requirements for the safe, transparent effective federal structure in Somalia. Reconciliation storage, distribution and management of weapons and efforts must continue and will be an additional tool in military equipment, including on monitoring and the fight against the enemies of peace. Legislation to verification. set the constitutional and electoral processes in motion We also believe that, as Nicholas Kay has already must be enacted. mentioned, the trust fund is now needed as soon as Finally, I urge the international community to possible and all pledges should be provided in a timely continue to provide the support necessary to build way. That will help the Somali Government and forces the Federal Government’s capacity to undertake the to be able to fulfil their obligations. As Mr. Kay also significant work that remains. Somalis need to see mentioned, there are a number of areas that have been and feel the benefit of increasing peace and security. liberated from Al-Shabaab. Whenever Al-Shabaab We need to convert good plans into more concrete members are in a critical situation, they may run away assistance, or, as a Somali proverb says “A sweet hand is to certain areas that ais free, such as Puntland. We now better than a sweet mouth”. The Federal Government is know what has happened there. Mr. Kay has already frustrated with the slow delivery of tangible assistance. mentioned that. We are afraid that they may infiltrate A country broken from decades of conflict has huge regions and areas that are now safe unless, of course, needs. Not all can or will be met quickly, especially the Government and the African Union Mission in while the conflict continues, but I wonder if together Somalia (AMISOM) have the means to predict their we could not achieve some faster success in rebuilding movements and make sure that Al-Shabaab cannot spill the shattered State of Somalia. over into any of the safe areas. As friends and partners of Somalia, we need to Furthermore, we have listened to Mr. Kay. I agree stay the course. Now is not the time to prevaricate. with him and we endorse his appreciation of what We have to be prepared for setbacks but must remain AMISOM has done. I also wish to thank, on behalf of resolute. After nearly a quarter of a century of wars, my Government, the militaries that are providing the State collapse and immense human suffering, Somalis forces of AMISOM. I also thank the United Nations are determined to build a lasting peace. They need and Assistance Mission in Somalia and the United Nations deserve our continued support. Support Office for the African Union Mission in Somalia for their support to Somalia. The real support The President (spoke in French): I thank Mr. Kay that we now need is the capacity to be able to fulfil our for his briefing.

14-25977 5/6 S/PV.7132 The situation in Somalia 11/03/2014 obligations with regard to the resolution, adopted just a Council members to informal consultations to continue few days ago. our discussion on the subject. The President (spoke in French): There are no more The meeting rose at 10.35 p.m. names inscribed on the list of speakers. I now invite

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