• The following pages have some identification markers for each of the Yuhina found in India

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Sno. Name Binomial Name 1 Black-chinned Yuhina Yuhina nigrimenta 2 Rufous-Vented yuhina Yuhina occipitalis 3 Striated Yuhina Yuhina castaniceps 4 Stripe-throated Yuhina Yuhina gularis 5 Yuhina flavicollis 6 White-bellied Erpornis Erpornis zantholeuca 7 White-naped Yuhina Yuhina bakeri

©www.ogaclicks.com Black-chinned Yuhina identification Tips Black-chinned Yuhina : Yuhina nigrimenta: Resident of Himalayas & hills of North East India Iris is hazel or brown to dark crimson Crown is mid-grey, slightly brown-tinged, with broad blackish centers forming a crest

Black lores

Upper mandible horn-brown to black with reddish base, lower Ear coverts & cheeks are grey mandible orange-red, coral-red or vermilion Upperparts are greenish grey-brown Black chin White throat

Rump is warmer grey-brown

Dirty buff underparts Grey-brown h tail

Legs are yellowish-brown or orange-flesh

Both sexes Similar Reference : Birds of Indian Subcontinent ©www.ogaclicks.com Inskipp and Grimmett Important id point www.HBW.com Rufous-Vented yuhina identification Tips Black-chinned Yuhina : Yuhina occipitalis: Resident of Himalayas in India Iris is brown, white orbital ring Crown is dark greyish-brown with slightly greyer tips

Bill is reddish-brown, reddish-grey or pinkish Crown side broadly tipped rufous-chestnut

Nape mid-grey

Submoustachial streak blackish Ear coverts & cheeks are pale pinkish-grey with whitish shaft streaks

Pale vinous-pinkish throat Upperparts are mid-brown with vague pinkish tinge Pale vinous-pinkish Breast Wing coverts mid brown

Central belly warm buff Primary is Dark Brown

Lower belly Rufous-tan

Legs are yellow to dull reddish-brown

Grey-brown h tail

Both sexes Similar Reference : Birds of Indian Subcontinent ©www.ogaclicks.com Inskipp and Grimmett Important id point www.HBW.com Straited Yuhina identification Tips Straited Yuhina : Yuhina castaniceps : Resident of Himalayas in India Iris is reddish-brown to dull crimson, orbital ring dotted whitish Crown is dull rufous-brown, broadly fringed pale greyish-brown forming small crest

Ear coverts & cheeks are rufous-tan with faint and very narrow whitish shaft streaks Bill is pale horn-brown Nape mid-grey

Upperparts are drab greyish-brown with Submoustachial streak blackish slight pale olive-brown tinge Wing coverts brown Flight feathers are brown

Underparts are whitish, tinged very pale creamy-buff Brown h tail

Y. c. plumbeiceps – Resident of North East India (East Arunachal Pradesh Southwards to Nagaland) Legs are orange-brown to brownish-flesh

Crown is dull mid-grey with darker feather centers

Nape is greyish-olive

Both sexes Similar Reference : Birds of Indian Subcontinent ©www.ogaclicks.com Inskipp and Grimmett Important id point www.HBW.com Stripe-throated Yuhina identification Tips Stripe-throated Yuhina : Yuhina gularis: Resident of Himalayas & hills of North East India

Crown is dusky brown, mixed with warmer brown, tips dull greyish forming a crest

Iris is dark reddish-brown to pale brown , white orbital ring

Nape mid-grey Upper mandible dark brown, lower mandible basally brownish-yellow to fleshy-horn, distally dark brown Ear coverts & cheeks are pale pinkish-grey with whitish shaft streaks

Dark brown Malar lines Upperparts are drab warm-tinged mid-brown Dirty pinkish-buff throat with dark brown streaks Secondaries with pale orange-buff outer vanes

Wing coverts mid brown

Dirty ochre-buff underparts

Primary is blackish-brown

Legs are yellow to brownish-flesh or fleshy orange Tail is dark brown with dark rufescent wash

Both sexes Similar Reference : Birds of Indian Subcontinent ©www.ogaclicks.com Inskipp and Grimmett Important id point www.HBW.com Whiskered Yuhina identification Tips Whiskered Yuhina : Yuhina flavicollis : Resident of North East India (Arunachal Pradesh) Iris is reddish-brown to dark brown, orbital ring dotted whitish Crown brown, broadly fringed pale greyish-brown forming small crest

Ear coverts & cheeks are slightly glossy silvery brown Upper mandible horn-brown to dark brown, lower mandible flesh or pinkish brown to steely greyish Lower nape and neck side rufous, shading to golden-yellow on hind neck Submoustachial streak blackish brown Upperparts are yellowish-grey-tinged olive-brown White throat with narrow brown shaft streaks

Breast is washed yellow with narrow brown shaft streaks Wing coverts brown

Flight feathers are brown Breast side and flanks dull buff olive-brown with long white streaks Both sexes Similar Legs are yellowish to fleshy-brown Brown h tail

Y. f. rouxi – Resident of North East India (South East Arunachal Pradesh Southwards to hill states South of River Brahmaputra)

Y. f. albicollis – Resident of North India (Himachal Pradesh) Eastwards Uniform rufous nuchal collar

Paler nuchal collar Darker, warmer-tinged upperparts

Darker breast side and flanks Paler breast sides & flanks with white streaks

Reference : Birds of Indian Subcontinent Difference from Nominate Inskipp and Grimmett www.HBW.com ©www.ogaclicks.com Important id point White-bellied Erpornis identification Tips White-bellied Erpornis : Erpornis zantholeuca: Resident of Himalayas & hills of North East India

Crown is yellowish-green forming a crest

Iris is chestnut, ruby-red or dark brown

Nape is yellowish-green Bill is pinkish, culmen brown

Ear coverts & cheeks are pale silvery grey Yellow green Malar lines Upperparts are Yellowish-green White throat

Wing coverts fringed yellowish-green

Primary is blackish-brown Greyish-white underparts

Tail is yellow- green

Vent pale yellow

Legs are greyish-rosy to whitish-flesh

Both sexes Similar Reference : Birds of Indian Subcontinent ©www.ogaclicks.com Inskipp and Grimmett Important id point www.HBW.com White-naped Yuhina identification Tips White-naped Yuhina : Yuhina bakeri: Resident of Eastern Himalayas & hills of North East India Rufescent-brown head Dull rufous-brown, feathers of crown elongate and erectile, tipped white

Iris is reddish-brown to yellowish-brown

Nape dull rufous-brown Bill is dark brown to black

Ear coverts & cheeks are plain rufous-brown with broad silvery-whitish streaks Submoustachial is dull rufous-brown with whitish flecks Upperparts are drab mid-brown with dark greyish-olive cast chin and throat whitish with dark marks Wing coverts mid brown Breast is pinkish-tinged buff with long dark streaks

Belly is whitish Tail is dark brown

Primary is blackish-brown

Legs are dull olivaceous to brown flanks drab buffish-olive

Both sexes Similar Reference : Birds of Indian Subcontinent ©www.ogaclicks.com Inskipp and Grimmett Important id point www.HBW.com