8712 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 9, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS THE AMERICANS WITH ployed, and when employed, they are consist­ have consistently concluded that disabled and DISABILITIES ACT ently underpaid. nondisabled workers are equally productive. A Colossal unemployment and poverty among survey of such research studies concluded: HON. TONY COELHO the disabled often goes unchallenged be­ "* * * the existing literature appears to show OF CALIFORNIA cause the public has the general impression both that the disabled who are working are as IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that these are the inevitable results of dis­ productive in their jobs as their coworkers and abling conditions. The absence of disabled that employers perceived the handicapped as Tuesday, May 9, 1989 coworkers by our side is taken as confirmation being comparably productive." Mr. COELHO. Mr. Speaker, today I and over that disabled people can't work. Discriminato­ Another significant finding from the Harris 60 of our colleagues, are introducing the ry attitudes hold that a person using a wheel­ poll dispels a common myth about the cost of Americans with Disabilities Act [ADA]. This chair, or a deaf or blind person can't perform hiring disabled persons. "Seventy-five percent historic piece of legislation will prohibit dis­ a job. Quite often, minor adjustments in of managers said that the cost of employing crimination against America's largest minority, schedule or work distribution among employ­ persons with disabilities is not greater than the people with disabilities, in employment, trans­ ees or office structure and equipment is all cost of hiring nondisabled workers." Similarly, portation, public accommodations, and the ac­ that is needed to make a job perfectly doable studies show that accommodating disabled tivities of State and local governments. It will by qualified disabled applicants. Sometimes, workers is viewed as inexpensive and on-bur­ provide disabled Americans comparable civil no adjustments are necessary at all, all the densome to companies which have tried it. rights protections to those afforded on the person needs is a chance. Unfortunately, data from the Harris poll indi­ bases of race, sex, national origin, age, and Similar discriminatory attitudes hold that you cated that without some new stimulus, the religion. can't employ someone with epilepsy because employment of disabled people is unlikely to Most people do not regard disabled people they may have a seizure on the job, when increase much. Most managers thought their as a large group, or as an unfairly treated today the overwhelming majority of people company was already doing enough to employ group, or as an economically disadvantaged with epilepsy have their physical conditions disabled people and shouldn't make greater group. Yet disabled people constitute a major under control through medication. The same efforts to do so. Employers gave the hiring of portion of our society. The last U.S. census discriminatory attitudes hold that a person disabled people a lower priority than the hiring numbered the disabled at 36 million. Esti­ with a facial disfigurement or spastic condition of people from other minority groups and el­ mates indicate that figure has risen to 43 mil­ is so repellant that they shouldn't be em­ lion since then. And every day, many of those ployed around others. Can we really go on ac­ derly persons. Furthermore, disabled people 43 million persons suffer some form of dis­ cepting the fact that some persons are denied are the least likely to be viewed as an excel­ crimination for no other reasons than the fact jobs simply because they don't look right? lent source of employees. that they are disabled. Findings from the 1986 Harris poll indicated A ban on employment discrimination will be A nationwide poll conducted in 1986 by that not working is perhaps the truest defini­ necessary if the ob\lious potential of disabled Louis Harris and Associates entitled "Bringing tion of what it means to be disabled. Two­ Americans to work is to become a reality. Disabled Americans into the Mainstream," de­ thirds of all disabled Americans between the Thus, the need is great for a strong national termined that discrimination is frequently ex­ ages of 16 and 64 are not working. Only 1 in mandate such as the Americans with Disabil­ perienced by the disabled. The survey identi­ 4 works full time, and another 1O percent ities Act. fied a variety of types of discrimination includ­ work part-time. Furthermore, unemployment Another pervasive form of disability discrimi­ ing lack of access to public buildings and among persons with disabilities as a group is nation is architectural and communication bar­ public bathrooms, and the absence of acces­ a bigger problem than among any other de­ riers in public accommodations. These facili­ sible transportation. Clearly one-fourth of mographic group of working-age Americans. ties, including restaurants, stores, hotels, audi­ those interviewed said they personally had en­ Another significant finding was that 66 per­ toriums, theaters, professional offices, parks, countered job discrimination because of their cent of working age persons with disabilities, et cetera, have generally been designed for disabilities. In a subsequent Harris poll of em­ who are not working, want to have a job. This an ideal user with average physical proficien­ ployers in 1987, three-fourths of business overwhelming absence from the labor force of cy. As such, they are inaccessible to many in­ managers revealed that people with disabil­ people with a strong desire to work is a tragic dividuals with disabilities. ities often encounter job discrimination from failure of the American dream and a waste of Though progress has been made in devel­ employers. labor resources. oping architectural standards to eliminate bar­ It is the responsibility of Congress as Feder­ The majority of unemployed disabled riers in the construction of buildings, and de­ al policymakers to ensure that this discrimina­ people, if given the chance, are quite capable spite the fact that nearly every State has a tion comes to an end and our society is ac­ of taking their places in the job market. Nu­ statute prohibiting architectural barriers, such cessible to all: that wheelchair-users can merous studies indicate that disabled workers barriers continue to be a serious problem. The travel and enter a building to carry on normal perform as well as or better than their nondis­ extent of inaccessibility was illustrated by a economic and social lives; that crucial daily abled coworkers. In 1983 the U.S. Commis­ 1980 study of State-owned buildings which telephone communications are available to sion on Civil Rights published a report on house services and programs available to the those with a hearing impairment; that jobs are hiring the disabled entitled Accommodating general public. The study found 76 percent of not denied people with blindness and epilepsy the Spectrum of Individuals' Abilities. This the buildings physically inaccessible and unus­ and other disabling conditions; that people report quoted an earlier Government study of able for serving handicapped persons. with mental retardation or other mental dis­ appointments of severely disabled workers to This situation exists even though eliminating abilities are accepted into their communities. Federal jobs over a 10-year period. The study architectural barriers does not have to be ex­ One of the major goals of the ADA bill is to concluded those employees' "work record is pensive. Study after study has shown that eliminate discrimination against the disabled in excellent." The 1987 Harris poll of employers making new buildings accessible to disabled employment. Statistics show that disabled per­ rated the performance of disabled workers as people adds less than one-half of 1 percent to sons experience staggering levels of unem­ "good to excellent." the cost. Many corporations which have made ployment and poverty. The percentage of dis­ Unemployment and underemployment of it their policy to construct all new facilities to abled persons' families earning less than disabled persons cannot be explained by any be barrier-free have found that the costs are $5,000 is almost triple the national average. differential in productivity. Studies dating back virtually absent and cannot even be found in a Some two-thirds of disabled people are unem- to a massive 1948 Department of Labor study normal analysis of building costs.

e This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. May 9, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8713 Another problem area for the disabled is are placed on the operation of paratransit Prohibitions include discrimination in applica­ transportation. This most common service in services. If paratransit was open to all dis­ tion procedures, hiring and discharge, com­ our very mobile society is frequently denied to abled persons, to travel any time of the day or evening to any destination in the transit pensation, advancement, and training. Em­ disabled people. The Congressional Budget service area, its operating costs would sky­ ployers must provide reasonable accommoda­ Office described the extent of the problem rocket. The only cost-effective use of para­ tions for known physical or mental disabilities this way: "More than 1 million physically dis­ transit as a substitute would possiblly be for unless doing so would impose an undue hard­ abled, blind, or deaf persons who live within a a limited number of short trips. For most ship. Qualification standards must be substan­ short walk of transit service cannot physically transit uses, paratransit is simply too expen­ tially related to an applicant's ability to per­ use it * * *. An additional 4 million handi­ sive. For example, in one U.S. city, $4 million form the job in question. Many of these provi­ capped persons live near transit but find it dif­ sions parallel existing nondiscrimination rules ficult to use." was available to provide some form of tran­ sit service for the disabled. The city plan­ for employers covered by section 504 of the As interpreted by the National Council on ners estimated that, if a paratransit service Rehabilitation Act of 1973. the Handicapped in their 1988 report, On the was established for weekday trips only, ap­ Title Ill of the bill prohibits discrimination in Threshold of Independence, the 1986 Harris proximately 1200 one-way trips per weekday public services by States or political subdivi­ poll underscores the fact that transportation is could be provided. No evening and weekend sions of States, and also addresses nondis­ a major problem for persons with disabilities. travel would be allowed, and the $4 million A clear majority of disabled persons state that would be exhausted at the end of one year's crimination requirements for public transporta­ their disability prevents them from getting time. tion services. The bill would make it illegal to around, socializing, or going to cultural events For the same $4 million, it was estimated purchase or lease new bus or rail vehicles as much as they'd like. Forty-nine percent of by city planners that approximately 250 later than 30 days after enactment, if the vehi­ the respondents believe that their mobility is lifts could be purchases for fixed-route cles are not accessible to people with disabil­ buses. Accessible bus service would be avail­ ities. If a covered entity purchases or leases limited because they "are not able to use able on about 20 routes, seven days per public transportation or because [they] can't week, 17 hours per day. And the lift equip­ used vehicles, they must make demonstrated get special transportation * * *." ment would last as long as the bus-about good faith efforts to obtain vehicles that are Transportation barriers not only limit social 12 years. A decision was made to purchase accessible, and if they remanufacture vehicles and community life, they also severely restrict the 250 lifts, because for the $4 million such that the vehicle's life is extended for at employment options, and may explain a por­ outlay, a more lasting and frequent accessi­ least 5 years, the vehicles shall be accessible tion of the 66 percent of disabled persons ble service could be provided. to the maximum extent feasible. who are without jobs. According to the Harris Paratransit's limitations are pervasive and Paratransit service for elderly and disabled survey, approximately 3 out of 1O people say extreme. In some cities, you must reserve people which is supplementary to fixed route that a lack of accessible or affordable trans­ your ride 2 weeks in advance. In other cities, service would have to provide comparable portation is an important reason why they are you must wait several hours for your ride, or service levels to those provided nondisabled not working. As reported in the January 1984 you can only go to the doctor, or you must people according to service criteria already issue of Paraplegia News: travel between 9 and 5 or you're only allowed promulgated by the Department of Transporta­ Public transportation is something most five rides a month. In many cities a nondis­ tion. These include comparable eligibility crite­ Americans take for granted. abled friend or family member cannot ride in a ria, response time, fares, hours, and service Say what you will about your local transit paratransit vehicle with a disabled person. areas. authority-the buses may be dirty and But these limitations are not inevitable. A For paratransit which provides regular tran­ crowded, the drivers may be rude, and the number of cities, including New York, Denver, sit service to the general public, such as air­ fare may have doubled since last year-but Seattle, San Francisco, Johnstown, Tacoma, most people can be assured that there will port shuttles, newly purchased or leased vehi­ be a bus going their way at 8:15 in the morn­ and Champagne/Urbana, have found that pur­ cles must be accessible unless the transit op­ ing and 5:15 in the evening and most likely chasing new buses with lifts, as well as pro­ erator can demonstrate that the system, when at decent intervals throughout the day as viding supplementary paratransit, is a more ef­ viewed in its entirety, provides a level of serv­ well. fective and nonburdensome approach to pro­ ice to disabled people that is equivalent to The picture changes dramatically if one viding mass transit to people with disabilities. that provided the general public. . . . is physically unable to climb the stairs This is true despite great differences between New public transit facilities must be accessi­ into a bus or train. these cities in size and climate. Many transit operators have become en­ ble to people with disabilities. In facilities al­ Discrimination also occurs in the area of tered later than 1 year after enactment, the amored with "dial-a-ride" paratransit serv­ communications, and involves the lack of ices. They point out that many disabled per­ area of alteration must be accessible to the access to telephone services by people with sons would rather be picked up and deliv­ maximum extent feasible, including the path of hearing impairments. Technology is readily ered door-to-door. I ask, what rational per­ travel to the altered area and the key facilities, available for relay services to be established sons would choose a bus rather than a taxi such as restrooms, serving the altered area. if the price were the same? which connect regular telephone users and Public transit programs operating in existing The truth is that van service cannot be hearing-impaired users of telecommunication operated with the same frequency and con­ devices for the deal [known as TDDs]. Sever­ facilities must be operated in such a way that, venience as the existing bus or rail service. al states have or are planning to begin such when viewed in their entirety, they are acces­ In many cities, disabled citizens must re­ sible to people with disabilities. In existing rail serve rides days in advance, and waiting pe­ services, and they are often financed by very small (such as 1O cent) surcharges on tele­ systems, it shall be considered discriminatory riods of several months . which by law the Congress relies vided an insightful, thorough analysis of the the political beating the hard-liners at the upon for estimating the costs of all legisla­ need for new Federal legislation on semiauto­ NRA are taking on this issue, HR 1190 may tion, determined that H.R. 3436 was com­ matic assault weapons. I am pleased to in­ be the best gun aficionados could realistical­ pletely self-financing, generating $6.9 billion clude it for my colleagues to consider: ly hope for. May 9, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8717 CONGRESSIONAL SALUTE TO But she beat the gangs, the drug dealers, and THE PLO MUST END ITS HIRE A VETERAN WEEK even the bureaucrats. EQUIVOCATIONS Today, Leclaire Courts is a model. The HON. ROBERT T. MATSUI neighborhood is cleaner, crime is down, and HON. BARNEY FRANK OF CALIFORNIA residents are hopeful. Tenant management IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES provides services like job counseling and day OF MASSACHUSETTS Tuesday, May 9, 1989 care that gives residents a chance to suc­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ceed. Tuesday, May 9, 1989 Mr. MATSUI. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to This morning, Chicago Housing Authority Di­ pay tribute to our Nation's veterans and to rector Vince Lane is turning over full manag­ Mr. FRANK. Mr. Speaker, I submit this salute the significant contributions that these ment responsibilities to the residents of Le­ statement on behalf of myself, the gentleman individuals have made both in service to their Claire Courts. from Michigan [Mr. WOLPE], and the gentle­ country and in the workplace. To recognize Mr. Speaker, we should help residents like man from Connecticut [Mr. GEJDENSON]. these individuals for their outstanding contri­ When the Palestine Liberation Organization butions and to highlight the special skills that Irene Johnson. We should support administra­ tors like Vince Lane. And we should stick with and its Chairman, Yasir Arafat, indicated late they offer to the workplace, the State of Cali­ last year that they were willing to change their fornia has declared May 7-13, 1989, as "Hire programs that work. I encourage this Con­ gress to support tenant management nation­ long history of absolute opposition to the ex­ a Vet Week". istence of Israel, many people in the United wide. Veterans bring a wealth of experience to States and elsewhere welcomed this as a the work environment and serve as a venera­ step forward. But there has been a good deal ble example to all through their strong desire A TRIBUTE TO RUDY DIAZ of debate about just how significant a step it to participate fully in the life and activities of was. their community. These individuals invariably One of the most important contributions to perform exceedingly well, consistently offering HON. RICHARD H. LEHMAN this debate has been made by the study on high standards of performance to meet the this subject of the Palestine National Council's productivity expectations of their employers. OF CALIFORNIA Algiers Resolutions by Phil Baum and Raphael Unfortunately, however, their work experience IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and on the job training is often overshadowed Danziger under the auspices of the Commis­ Tuesday, May 9, 1989 when attempting to translate those skills in sion on International Affairs of the American the civilian workplace. Mr. LEHMAN of California. Mr. Speaker, I Jewish Congress. We believe that this study In an effort to ensure greater access to em­ rise before my colleagues today to congratu­ ought to be read by serious students of this ployment opportunities, the State of Califor­ late my good, personal friend Rudy Diaz for question for its implications for the prospects nia's Employment Development Department being selected as Labor Leader of the Year of peace in the Middle East, especially with has established special programs and veteran by the Central Labor Council, AFL-CIO Com­ reference to the questions of PLO recognition employment representatives in each local mittee On Political Education. This is truly an of Israel. For this reason, we are asking that office. These programs and representatives honor for a man so committed to the princi­ the sections of that study dealing with the work to ensure that veterans receive the serv­ ples embodied by the Teamsters Union. PLO position on recognition of Israel be print­ ed here. ices to which they are entitled and more im­ Rudy Diaz has been a key leader in the portantly, promote employer interest in hiring Teamster's Union Local 616 for the past 12 THE PALESTINE NATIONAL COUNCIL ALGIERS veterans. years. His dedication, energy, and leadership RESOLUTIONS: A REEXAMINATION IN LIGHT I salute the State of California and the Em­ OF STOCKHOLM, GENEVA, AND SUBSEQUENT are widely recognized. He has served as an PLO STATEMENTS ployment Development Department for their organizer, negotiator, business agent, member leadership in this important arena and I en­ "In Algiers tonight, the Palestine National of the cannery council, trustee of the Central courage my colleagues to adopt similar pro­ Council voted to reject terrorism, declare an Labor Council Executive Board, and health grams in their States and in the communities independent Palestinian state, and for the they represent. All citizens should recognize and welfare plan, and he is currently the sec­ first time, to recognize Israel's right to and appreciate the vital contributions veterans retary-treasurer of the Teamster's Union Local exist."-ABC World News Tonight, Nov. 14, 616. He was also appointed to the policy 1988. make to our workplace and to all aspects of "If you read the CPNC'sl political state­ society. committee of the food processing and produce division of the Western Conference ment carefuly, you will find that what some Mr. Speaker, I ask my colleagues and all term recognition of the Security Council's firms and businesses to join me in renewing of Teamsters by the late Jesse L. Carr, inter­ resolutions and consequently recognition of our determination to provide an abundance of national director of the western conference the Zionist entity is untrue."-PNC Speaker vocational opportunities for veterans and to and vice president of the International Broth­ Abd al-Hamid al-Sa'ih, January 13, 1989. promote hiring a vet as a sound principle of erhood of Teamsters. One day after his December 13, 1988 ad­ good management. Rudy is a native of Fresno. His loyalty to dress to the UN General Assembly, PLO the area is reflected in his deep commitment leader Yasir Arafat issued a statement at a to his family, the community, and the church. news conference in Geneva which the U.S. HOPE FOR PUBLIC HOUSING Actministration immediately and formally Rudy graduated from Roosevelt High School construed as signifying PLO acceptance of HON. JOHN EDWARD PORTER and attended Fresno City College. After grad­ Resolutions 242 and 338, recognition of Isra­ uating from high school he served in the el's right to exist, and renunciation of ter­ OF ILLINOIS Marine Corps for 5 years. In addition to his rorism. Since those had long been the U.S. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES union activities, Rudy finds time to coach little conditions for a dialogue with the PLO. Tuesday, May 9, 1989 league soccer and participate in the Knights President Reagan authorized the State De­ of Columbus as a fourth degree knight. He partment to enter into such dialogue forth­ Mr. PORTER. Mr. Speaker, when most with. people think of public housing, they think of and his wife of 30 years, Ramona, are parish­ PLO spokesmen have insisted that Ara­ drugs, rape, and murder. But in Chicago, ioners of St. Helens Catholic Church. fat's pledges in Geneva are no more than an people are thinking about tenant manage­ Rudy is the product of a generation that accurate interpretation of the resolutions ment, safe neighborhoods, and hope. values hard work, the family, the church, and adopted by the Palestine National Council­ Several years ago, LeClaire Courts tenants the union. His dedication, energy, good the PLO's "parliament-in-exile"-in Algiers decided that they were tired of living in fear. humor, and hard work are an inspiration to us on November 15. And, indeed, in most cases, all. I can think of no other person who is more an official clarification by a person author­ Irene Johnson set out to beat the crime, the ized to represent his organization's views drugs, and the helplessness in her neighbor­ deserved of this award than Rudy Diaz. I truly would constitute a valid interpretation of a hood. commend him today for being selected as document previously adopted by that body. Her task required a kind of courage and de­ Labor Leader of the Year for the Fresno and But in this case, the seeming disparity be­ termination that most of us can only imagine. Madera Counties. tween Arafat's statement in Geneva and the 8718 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 9, 1989 text of the Algiers resolutions is so jarring sion (as they had done at the PNC's 18th concerned in the Middle East conflict to as to warrant further examination. session). exist in peace and security . .. including the We recognize that the existential political Not since its opening session in Jerusalem state of Palestine, Israel, and other neigh­ perception of an event or document . of Palestine-the second most important all these conditions: Arafat himself declared Since Israel is not mentioned specifically PLO faction to sign on to the Algiers "Polit­ at the end of the PNC session: "The ball is in 242 as one of the states whose right to ical Statement" after Arafat's own Fatah­ in the American court." To determine live in peace is upheld, acceptance of that issued a joint communique with George Ha­ whether-in light of the Algiers resolutions resolution only implies recognition of Israel. bash's Popular Front for the Liberation of and their interpretation by Arafat in Stock­ And as Israel's enemies have always refused Palestine which had voted against that holm and Geneva and in subsequent pro­ to consider Israel a legitimate state, prefer­ statement. The two factions declared that nouncements by PLO leaders-this is indeed ring to describe it as a "Zionist entity," a Arafat's statements in Geneva "contradict­ the case, our report addresses the following "colonialist-racist outpost," etc., it is entire­ ed the decisions approved by the PNC" and questions: ly consistent with their position to regard that they "do not commit the PLO to any­ Did the PNC recognize Israel's right to recognition of all "states" in the are.a as not thing and do not represent official policy." exist? even implying recognition of Israel. For ex­ Given these problems, a detailed examina­ Did it accept Resolutions 242 and 338? ample, the present regime in Syria-Israel's tion of the Algiers resolutions would seem Did it renounce terrorism? most dangerous and implacable foe-in 1974 appropriate and relevant. It is to be as­ What position did the PNC take vis-a-vis accepted Resolution 338 ; Palestine Liberation Front Israel's right to exist." At a press conference tions Security Council Resolutions 242 and ; and Palestine Communist Party in Stockholm on December 7, following two 338 and the assurance of the legitimate na­ also the region. And at his statement to the and provisions of the United Nations Char­ voted against the resolutions. The Syrian­ press in Geneva on December 14, he de­ ter concerning the right of peoples to self­ backed factions PFLP-General Command, clared: "In my speech also yesterday Cat the determination and the inadmissibility of Saiqa, and Abu Musa's rebel Fatah group, as General Assembly], it was clear that we seizing the lands of others by force or mili­ well as Abu Nidal's group, boycotted the ses- [the PNCJ mean ... the right of all parties tary invasion, and in accordance with the May 9, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8719 resolutions of the United Nations regarding 3379 of 1975 equated Zionism with racism. tial basis for the Jewish state, the Israeli the Palestinian cause" [italics added]. Resolution 3236 of 1974

recog­ Declaration of Independence of May 14, nized the right of the Palestinian people to 1948, indeed extended implicit recognition regain its rights by all means [Italics to the UN stipulated Arab state in Palestine STUDY ON PLO POSITION ON added]. And Resolution ES-7 /2 of 1980 un­ on "the with­ A comparative reading of both documents HON. SAM GFJDENSON drawal of Israel from all the occupied Pales­ leaves no doubt that the Palestinian decla­ OF CONNECTICUT tinian and other Arab territories, including ration was influenced by the basic document IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Jerusalem" [italics added]; pre-empted the of Israeli's independence. There are paral­ political process by endorsing the Palestini­ lelisms between the two texts, especially in Tuesday, May 9, 1989 an people's "right to establish its own inde­ their references to Resolution 181 as a basis Mr. GEJDENSON. Mr. Speaker, I am sub­ pendent state"

accept it. vorable mention of those resolutions, and, Definition of Borders: Had the PNC de­ Predicating the international conference moreover, explicitly rejected 242 at its previ­ fined the borders of the Palestinian state it on acceptance of "the resolutions of the ous session held in Algiers in April 1987. If declared in Algiers and had these borders United Nations regarding the Palestinian that is the extent of the PNC's movement encompassed less than the whole territory cause" is an even more onerous precondi­ toward acceptance of 242 in more than two of Palestine, a sound case could have been tion. Absent the restraining hand of the decades, its pace seems minimal indeed. made that by implication, the PNC had rec­ American veto which has successfully pre­ The 1947 UN Partition Resolution: It has ognized Israel's right to exist in the area of vented the adoption of egregiously one-sided been argued that by partially basing its Palestine falling outside those borders. As decisions at the Security Council, the Gen­ "Declaration of Independence" on UN Reso­ implied in 242 and explicitly acknowledged eral Assembly has passed innumerable bla­ lution 181 of 1947, which, as explicitly men­ not only by the Western democracies but tantly anti-Israel resolutions "regarding the tioned in the declaration, partitioned Pales­ also by the Soviet bloc, by many third-world Palestinian cause" through the automatic tine into an Arab state and a Jewish state, countries, and by Egypt, the area of uncon­ majority of Soviet-bloc and third-world the PNC implicitly accepted Israel's right to tested Israeli sovereignty falls within the countries over the Western democracies. To exist. At first glance, this argument has 1949 Armistice lines (popularly but inaccu­ name just a few: The infamous Resolution much merit. When it accepted 181 as a par- rately known as the "pre-1967 borders" ) 8720 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 9, 1989 agreed upon by Israel, Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Palestine-the "third stage" in PLO par­ DIRECT NEGOTIATIONS and Lebanon nearly four decades ago. An lance . On that basis, an Israeli with­ while Israel exited the land which does not ereignty within the 1949 Armistice lines. drawal from the West Bank and Gaza would belong to it and the history which is did not Among those demands, none was as intru­ have to be followed by the evacuation of the create ... The initial signs show that the sive as the claim of a "right" of Palestinian Galilee, all of Jerusalem, large chunks of Zionist cancer in Palestine is consuming "return" (haqq al-awda) to the territory the Negev, and more. Such evacuation has itself or has chosen to make Palestine its that has been under Israel's jurisdiction for been termed in Palestinian writings "the last 'Massada.' ... Palestine, which is four decades, including Haifa, Jaffa. Acre second stage" and is unacceptable not only shaped like a dagger, does not recognize the and the other Israeli towns and villages: to Israel and the United State but to most concept of partition, and what is now occur­ While national immigration policies are a le­ nations of the world. ' ring with the declaration of our independ­ gitimate issue for international negotia­ Yet even that would not necessarily satis­ ence is not the partition of the dagger, but tions, no sovereign state has ever conceded fy the PLO. The PNC's "Declaration of In­ rather the entry into the homeland." the right to determine admission and exclu­ dependence" states: The PNC "hereby pro­ All this provides precious little comfort sion of would-be immigrants. claims the reestablishment of the State of for proponents of peace who regard the un­ Yet the "Right of the Return" is asserted Palestine on our Palestinian territory with ambiguous acceptance of Israel within de­ both in the "Declaration of Independence" its capital Jerusalem;" "Palestinian terri­ fined borders as a sine qua non for the be­ and in the "Political Statement." And to tory" is consistently employed by the PLO gining of peace negotiations. leave no doubt that this "right" applies to as encompassing all of Palestine. And with the entire country and not just to the West the possible exception of the two ambiguous Bank and Gaza, the "Political Statement" and self-contradictory references to Resolu­ STUDY ON PLO POSITION ON affirms the settlement of the issue of the tion 181, the entire "Declaration of Inde­ ISRAEL Palestinian refugees in accordance with the pendence" reads like an unabashed claim to resolution of the United Nations regarding the whole country. It affirms the "undying this matter. Most General Assembly resolu­ connection" between Palestine and the Pal­ HON. HOW ARD WOLPE tions on the Palestinian refugees have reaf­ estinians; it exhumes the 1919 Covenant of OF MICHIGAN firmed, in tougher language. Resolution the League of Nations and 1923 Treaty of 194(111) of 1948

. which stipulat­ Lausanne to buttress its claim that "all of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ed that refugees wishing to return to their the Arab territories, including Palestine," Tuesday, May 9, 1989 homes in Palestine "should be permitted to were promised their freedom six decades do so" and that "compensation should be ago; and its speaks of the "expulsion from Mr. WOLPE. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gen­ paid to those choosing not to return." their ancestral homes of the majority of tleman from Massachusetts [Mr. FRANK] and Palestine's inhabitants"-that could only REFERENCES TO ISRAEL the gentleman from Connecticut [Mr. GEJDEN­ mean all of Palestine, as does the repeated It has been argued that the mention of and unqualified affirmation of the Palestin­ SON] for submitting the majority of this crucial Israel by name in the "Declaration of Inde­ ians' "right of return" to Palestine. study. I would just reaffirm the importance of pendence" and "Political Statement" im­ Hence, the inference that the PNC's de­ this debate and ask that the following section plies PNC recognition of Israel's legitimacy. clared Palestinian state encompasses all of be read and given serious consideration: There is no doubt that substituting this May 9, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8721 word for the usual perjorative appellations main provisions-including all those men­ Algiers, or at best have left this issue unan­ displays a welcome measure of realism. But tioned above-were in any way altered, re­ swered. it is not new: The PNC had called Israel by vised, or contravened. Immediately after the adoption of the name in previous sessions as well. Further­ There is only one point on which the Al­ "Political Statement," Arafat was asked more, despite the explicit references to giers resolutions directly contradict the cov­ whether he believed that acceptance of 242 Israel the PNC apparently could not resist enant: The "Declaration of Independence's" represented acceptance of Israel. The PLO inserting into the "Political Statement" the assertion that the 1947 UN Partition Reso­ ostensibly discarded term "Zionist entity." leader declined to give an explicit answer. lution provides international legitimacy to PFLP leader George Habash stated candid­ Most important, the only case in which Palestinian independence is clearly incom­ the PNC not only mentions Israel but also patible with the covenant's affirmation that ly: "In my opinion, there's a great differ­ describes its nature reflects anything but "the partition of Palestine, which took place ence between recognizing Israel firmly and readiness to recognize its right to exist. in 1947," is "fundamentally invalid"

29-059 0-90-9 (Pt. 7) 8722 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 9, 1989 BALANCE SHEET OF MARTIN 75 Shares Schering A CATASTROPHIC MISTAKE AND VALERIE FROST Plough ...... 4,312.00 Subtotal...... 134,988.00 HON. ALFRED A. (AL) HON. MARTIN FROST McCANDLESS Total assets ...... 598,683.64 OF CALIFORNIA OF TEXAS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Liabilities: Tuesday, May 9, 1989 Tuesday, May 9, 1989 Mortgages: Star States Mortgage Mr. McCANDLESS. Mr. Speaker, a great Mr. FROST. Mr. Speaker, as I have done Corporation ...... 37,225.76 in California are up in arms about the Medi­ 1979, I am inserting in the RECORD at this Paine-Webber .. .. 3,355.44 the many hardships imposed on seniors by other personal effects .. 35,000.00 the Medicare Catastrophic Coverage Act. It Savings, Wright Patman Subtotal ...... 4,355.44 appeared in the Chicago Tribune on February Federal Credit Union ... 49.15 16, 1989. I urge my colleagues to read it, and Checking Account, Total liabilities ...... 250,213.25 join me in my efforts to repeal the new Medi­ Wright Patman Feder- care law: al Credit Union...... 10,544.81 Net worth: A MEAN MISTAKE THAT Is COLD, COSTLY Retirement, U.S. Con- gress ...... 34,494.06 Total Assets ...... 598,683.64 COMFORT FOR ELDERLY Thrift Savings Plan ...... 6,694.18 Total Liabilities ...... 250,213.25 IRA's ...... 349.00 Persons, many of whose members are bitter Janice will be deeply missed by her stu­ about AARP's support of the hated new leg­ 8 Shares General dents, her colleagues, and the community of Motors ...... 223.00 islation, has raised premiums on the medi­ Sacramento. Those who knew her will keep gap policies it sells with the Prudential In­ 100 Shares Anheuser surance Co. by an average of 40 percent. Busch ...... 3,137.00 endearing memories of her with the knowl­ edge that she was an exceptional person. The AARP is making what has become a 60 Shares Waste Man- standard defense of the cruelly misnamed agement ...... 2,490.00 I applaud Janice's commitment to the edu­ bill: Without the new law, the jump in medi­ 160 Shares Blockbust- cation of the youth of Sacramento, and com­ gap rates would have been even bigger. er Entertainment...... 3,080.00 mend her for making the kids that she taught That's probably so. But it's estimated that 120 Shares Merck...... 6,780.00 and knew a part of her life. the new law is holding down increases in May 9, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8723 medigap premiums by only 10 to 15 percent THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONSE­ Chlorofluorocarbons , the chief this year-a saving far less than the cost of QUENCES OF RAPID POPULA­ culprit in the depletion of the ozone layer, the double tax blow in the new law. . and the gray-power anger it has set over the South Pole is not the result of nat­ Similarly creative foreign debt programs off is going to grow every time the elderly ural causes, as first suspected. It is related could be instituted to encourage Third have to pay their taxes. to manmade pollution of the atmosphere. World governments to step up the expan- 8724 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 9, 1989 sion of educational and employment oppor­ and stands as an example to the world. Be­ FSX AGREEMENT tunities for women. Studies have repeatedly cause of the Constitution, and because of documented the relationship between rising the people who fought to keep it, our coun­ economic and social opportunities for try is extraordinarily great. We must contin­ HON. MERVYN M. DYMALLY women and declining birth rates. ue fighting for these freedoms, even in ways OF CALIFORNIA Industrialized countries could provide fin­ completely different from battles or upris­ anical assistance to developing nations com­ ings. America must recognize that we are IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES mitted to alleviating the flow of migrants our own biggest threat if we fail to use our Tuesday, May 9, 1989 into the Third World's megacities. voices in government decisions. The industrialized world could accelerate The reason our Constitution works amaz­ Mr. DYMALL Y. Mr. Speaker, enclosed are researched efforts to develop alternative ingly well, even 200 years after its drafting, my remarks during the May 3, 1989, Commit­ sources to "burning" fuels such as coal and oil. Third World governments could work is because it is amendable. Our forefathers tee on Foreign Affairs hearing on the pro­ toward shifting their peoples' reliance away were wise in realizing that they could not posed United States-Japan agreement to co­ from wood and toward the new sources. predict future situations. This in itself was develop the FSX aircraft. During this week alone, another 1.7 mil­ insightful. It is our turn to carry the torch I would appreciate sharing it with the rest of lion people will be added to the world. An­ of hope that was ignited at America's inde­ pendence. We can't predict the future now, the Members of the House of Representa­ other 750,000 acres of Brazilian rainforest tives. will be bulldozed. Pollution of Third World but we must continue to build on our na­ waterways and the buildup of atmospheric tion's promise. gases will have accelerated just a little from There are things that need to be done by REMARKS BY MERVYN M. DYMALLY ON THE the week before. our generation. We must work as a unified FSX AGREEMENT The dangers inherent when a world's pop­ nation to achieve peace and justice. We Mr. Chairman, unlike some of my col­ ulation outgrows its environmental re­ must encourage everyone to do his part to leagues I am not as concerned about the sources demand a new commitment to re­ solve problems locally as well as nationally. technology transfer, as I am concerned shaping our future. We must work together by setting examples about some other aspects of U.S.-Japan rela­ for younger generations, and by acknowl­ tions. edging the support of older generations. As I speak specifically about Japan's rela­ CATHERINE DEBORAH ARIAS long as the people of this nation care tions with America's minorities, or shall I WINNER, VOICE OF DEMOCRA­ enough about their land to vote and be in­ say lack thereof. I shall have more to say CY CONTEST formed about their government's policies, about this later. america's future is bright. We must begin It is my feeling that if the Japanese really now to teach the generations of tomorrow want a unique jet fighter they have the HON. BARBARA F. VUCANOVICH the significance of our government by the genius to build one without this agreement. OF NEVADA people. Too many nations, even in the world I am sure they know more about the F-16 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES today, have such strong government control than we think they do, or want them to. Tuesday, May 9, 1989 that it is pointless; indeed, even dangerous, Surely, we could have and should have to speak out against the government. sold them the F-20. This aircraft was built Mrs. VUCANOVICH. Mr. Speaker, each year Here it is more criminal for the American to meet the needs of countries like Japan. the Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United people not to control the government. Our However, despite my lack of fear about States and its ladies auxiliary conduct the system of checks and balances in the three the technology transfer, I am going to ask Voice of Democracy Broadcast Scriptwriting branches of federal government is only one the Members of the Congres5ional Black Contest. This year more than 250,000 second­ example of what makes this nation strong. Caucus to vote in support of Mr. Le­ ary school students participated in the contest Our government truly is by and for the vine's resolution to disapprove the agree­ competing for the nine scholarships totaling people, and things like voting, a free press, ment. I do so because it's a national disgrace $42,500, which was distributed among the top and even a two party system, demonstrate that the Japanese government and private nine winners. The contest theme this year this concept. With freedom comes a certain sector have arrogantly failed to heed the amount of responsibility. conciliatory efforts of the CBC to comply was "Preparing for America's Future." I am Freedoms are more than just a reward for with our affirmative action laws and prac­ submitting a copy of the winning script from historic battles against oppression. Freedom tices in the Private sector in the United my State of Nevada as delivered by Catherine must be earned every day. In all that Ameri­ States. Deborah Arias of Elko, NV. cans do, it is important to bear in mind that After approximately 21/z years of negotia­ PREPARING FOR AMERICA'S FuTURE if the people don't use their voices to form tions only one auto firm has responded to As a teen-ager in America, I see people the government, someone else's voice will persistent request to provide opportunities looking to my generation in preparation for speak for them. To prepare for America's for America's minorities. So far, I regret to the nation's future. Any country's future future, all citizens must stay informed. The say that the Japanese government has also rests in the hearts and minds of its youth. more we know about an issue, the better we not been forthcoming in their responses to That is precisely the reason that preparing are at making crucial decisions that may our representation both in the United for America's future must start now. affect the entire country. Differences of States and Japan. Every generation holds a certain responsi­ opinions are healthy, and result in revealing It is bad enough that Japanese firms in­ bility-from senior citizens to newborn chil­ more about each side of an issue. The dulge in unfair trade practices. However, we dren. Certainly, all generations aren't ex­ people of the United States need to become find it intolerable that they continue to pected to carry equal responsibility for our informed so that their opinions are those ignore our requests to meet, confer and im­ nation, but every citizen of this country can which shape our government. Those who plement some of our recommendations. contribute something. John F. Kennedy are eligible should vote and cast informed This may not be the appropriate forum or told the people of America, "Ask not what piece of legislation to vent our unhappiness, your country can do for you, but what you votes on every election day. Voting in Amer­ can do for your country." President Kenne­ ica is a right, and each citizen should take it but at this time, we have no other alterna­ dy knew that it is the people making up a upon himself as a duty to his country. The tives; we have no other options. We need to nation who determine its success. future isn't a hazy far-off time we can't send a strong message to the Japanese. Perhaps the first thing Americans must comprehend. The future is tomorrow. What What is more troubling domestically is that do is appreciate the freed01ns we may take we do now will determine what happens the previous administration never lifted a for granted. Brave men fought and died to next. Like our Constitution's framers, we finger to inform the Japanese about their obtain and retain those freedoms. Women must make decisions that will affect future discriminatory practices in the United throughout history did their own part generations. Like today's leaders, we must States. I could say the same for the private during wartime to keep the nation running make choices that will affect how we live sector also. smoothly on the homefront. In the future, now. We have already begun preparing for Therefore, Mr. Chairman I ask the mem­ we as a nation must hold sacred in our America's future. Through educating and bers of this Committee to send a strong homes and in our hearts the freedoms these informing every generation, we can antici­ message to the Japanese government and people have secured. The United States pate America's future with great pride and corporations and vote with Mr. Levine to Constitution clearly outlines these freedoms confidence. disapprove the FSX Agreement. May 9, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8725 REMEMBRANCE OF LESLIE Appropriately for a man who moved with TRIBUTE TO SACRAMENTO PANTIN, SR. grace in two cultures, the Mass was bilin­ URBAN LEAGUE AND GEORGE gual. Nickse deftly alternated English and H.DEAN HON. WILLIAM LEHMAN Spanish, repeating the same refrain. OF FLORIDA Pantin was not simply a gentleman, HON. ROBERT T. MA TSUI Nickse said but a gentle man. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF CALIFORNIA Tuesday, May 9, 1989 "He made you feel good if you were His­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES panic, he made you feel good if you were Mr. LEHMAN of Florida. Mr. Speaker, last Tuesday, May 9, 1989 Sunday, Miami lost a leading citizen. black, he made you feel good if you were Anglo, if you were young or old, if you were Leslie Pantin was a total Cuban patriot and, Mr. MATSUI. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to rich, if you were poor. pay tribute to the Sacramento Urban League without any conflict of commitment, a devoted and its president George H. Dean, along with American patriot. "He had that beautiful talent . . . that the recipients of the Whitney M. Young Jr. The highest praise that my mother could God had given him to make you realize the say about any person was that he "did so beauty that lies in each and everyone of us. Award, the Sacramento Urban League's high­ est award. It is an honor and a privilege to much good in a quiet way." Leslie was well That was God's gift to him, and that was his qualified for this designation. gift to all of us." salute those who have put so much time and Mark Antony's words in Shakespeare's effort into making our community a better place to live. Julius Caesar apply to Leslie Pantin: The Urban League, an organization commit­ His life was gentle, and the elements so ted to solving social, racial and economic mixed in him that nature stand up A MAN FOR ALL SEASONS And say to all the world, "This was a man." problems, presented its prestigious awards at the group's ninth annual banquet. The awards Mr. Speaker, I would like to share with my In any language, in any cultural context, are named for the civil rights leader and colleagues the following editorial and article Leslie Pantin, Sr., was a gentleman, a man former executive director of the National on Leslie Pantin that appeared in the Miami who knew how to treat people and who in­ Urban League. Recipients of the Whitney M. Herald: sisted that others also should show respect without regard for race or national origin. Young Jr. Award include T /Sgt. Mary A. LESLIE PANTIN, LINKED CULTURES From his first years in Miami in the 1960s Royal-Highsmith and the Reverend Ephraim Mrs. SAIKI. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to pay of democracy throughout the world. We The oil spill in Prince William Sound, tribute to a young woman from my district, have already proven that the more we Alaska, is the result of a national energy Jacquelyn Lien Smith, Jacquelyn was the become intertwined economically with other policy founded on the oil industry's plan to Hawaii winner in the Veterans of Foreign Wars countries, including communist and third drill everyWhere, at any cost. Looking back world, the less inclined we will be to bomb at history we see that the spill was an inevi­ "Voice of Democracy Essay Contest." each other and the more inclined to help Jacquelyn was born in Saigon, Vietnam and table outcome-the worst-case scenario that each other. So as we approach our future for two decades the federal government re­ was adopted at age 3 weeks by an American we must embrace interdependence because fused to face. military officer and his wife. She moved to it is, and will continue to be, the key to The year was 1973, and despite the re­ America when she was 7 months old and is world peace and unification. But remember, sounding opposition of environmental ex­ now a U.S. citizen. In high school she served as peace continues to spread throughout the perts, the Secretary of the Interior, Rogers as senior class president and hopes to pursue world, we must keep in mind the immortal words of Theodore Roosevelt, "Speak softly C.B. Morton, dismissed the risk of serious a career in print journalism. but carry a big stick.... " It is of prime im­ spills. It is with great pleasure that I present her portance that we maintain and support a In a statement supporting construction of essay on "Preparing for America's Future" to strong defense. a pipeline to bring oil from northern Alaska the U.S. House of Representatives. The power of our future lies in the voice to the port of Valdez in the south, Morton of democracy strong leadership, and the concluded: "I have carefully reviewed the PREPARING FOR AMERICA'S FuTURE potential damage to the marine environ­ The United States of America has wit­ American citizen. It is the values of our forefathers that need to be instilled in the ment that might be caused by tanker activi­ nessed a glorious past, and despite the cur­ ty in Prince William Sound . . . two kinds of rent ethical, social, and economic problems youth of today to help maintain the peace, tranquility, and security that we are pres­ potential marine pollution exist: <1> small has enjoyed a present filled with unbeliev­ chronic discharges and (2) accidental dis­ able achievement. Now we must look ahead ently experiencing. With these ideas in mind we can create a future that will allow chages of large volumes. Strict regulations and being preparing for America's limitless are being developed to minimize the pollu­ future. We can begin by building bridges of us to remain the envy of the world. We have learned to meet its challenge; however, we tion threat from both these sources." understanding, practicing brotherhood, and We move to the late '70s, and find the fed­ spreading goodwill throughout our nation must believe in the resilience of the Ameri­ can dream and embrace the future with con­ eral government unable to heed the lessons and the world. Restoring ethics and encour­ of experience. There are two major spills-7 aging patriotism while moving towards an fidence. The genius of the United States lies in the fact that we, the people, choose our million gallons off the coast of Massachu­ interdependent world promises a future setts and 10 million gallons in the Gulf of worthy of our American heritage. future. It is not dictated to us, or forced upon us. Our future lies in the hands of the Mexico. The Massachusetts spill results in As we prepare for our future we must re­ losses for our fishing industry. In both member that much of the success of this people, and if we choose to create strong, nation can be attributed to the moral values patriotic, and moral families, and if we cases, experts find it virtually impossible to of its people. The quality of life we enjoy is choose to put value-teaching back into the control or clean up the oil slick. Only weather and circumstances specific to each intimately tied to the values we hold. If we schools, and if we choose to work towards plan to conquer the ills of our society such interdependence, America will continue to spill spare the nation from catastrophic as promiscuity and drug abuse, strong be a place we can be proud of, for centuries losses. morals and high values need to be a guiding and centuries to come. Now we've learned that the oil industry force. They need to be taught in America's failed to fulfill the responsibilities it as­ sumed in its Alaskan operations. The oil homes and encouraged in business and gov­ ALASKA SPILL ENERGIZES ernment. Our schools need to provide value­ companies involved in the Valdez spill ne­ teaching along with an education of excel­ VIGILANCE IN CALIFORNIA glected to make even a good-faith effort to lence in academics. The students of today plan for a spill of the magnitude they now and leaders of tomorrow must have academ­ HON. DON EDWARDS face. ic and ethical strength to keep our country Sadly for the nation, the result of this OF CALIFORNIA federal disregard and industrial recklessness moving forward. America is producing great IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES masterminds of tomorrow but in order for is now one of the worst environmental ca­ their leadership to benefit our country, in­ Tuesday, May 9, 1989 tastrophes in America's history. tegrity must accompany their intelligence. In light of this, it was shocking for the Mr. EDWARDS of California. Mr. Speaker, American public to learn last month that High values teach respect, honesty, self-dis­ today several members of the California con­ cipline, and hard work. Integrity needs to Ronald Reagan's Administration tried delib­ override dishonesty, morality must rise gressional delegation had the opportunity to erately to cover up information about the above greed, and self-control must dominate meet with Secretary of the Interior Manuel risk of spills off California, leaving that self-indulgence. Lujan, and the President's Task Force for Off­ coastline in jeopardy as well. It is also of great importance that we in­ shore Oil Drilling, to discuss the impact of Internal documents obtained through the stall patriotism in the youth of today. Fidel­ future oil drilling off the California coastline. Freedom of Information Act brought to ity to the flag in times of war, as well as in The following article, "Alaska Spill Ener­ light the serious risks of a major oil spill, peace, and participation in elections, even gizes Vigilance in California" -the Los Ange­ the ineffectiveness of cleanup technology and the danger of other environmental when it's inconvenient, are all vital to our les Times, May 8, 1989, written by our distin­ present and future. We must exercise our damage that the proposed lease sale off right to be involved. guished colleague, Congressman MEL LEVINE, Northern California poses. The United States of America is not a lays out many of the important issues we More disturbing, these documents re­ country built by men who relied on rulers to raised related to increased off-shore oil leas­ vealed a deliberate attempt by the Reagan care for them but a nation built by people ing along the California coastline. I certainly Administration to whitewash this informa­ working together and caring for each other. hope the administration's task force will seri­ tion. That is the essence of our past and the key ously consider these points. After it was discovered last year that a to our future. We must continued to care Congressman LEVINE is certainly correct devastating report on the environmental im­ for our fellow man beginning within the when he asserts, "Those of us who represent pacts of the Northern California sale had family, among friends, and gradually ex­ been sanitized, an inquiry was launched to tending our open arms to the community California will not stand by quietly. We will not find out why. Documents were obtained and beyond. It's going the extra mile and ignore the risks for our coast as the Govern­ from four federal agencies, including the reaching out just a little more. It's following ment did for Alaska." We are dedicated to Minerals Management Service, which plans, that essential rule, and one need not be a seeing that an environmental tragedy such as approves and conducts all lease sales for off­ Christian to follow it ... the Golden Rule: the Valdez oilspill does not occur again, and shore drilling. 8730 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 9, 1989 Through the inquiry, it was learned that crucial support and arms shipments through U.S. involvement accelerated with the alarming concerns about spills were also de­ Confederate Texas and the rest of the South­ Confederate defeat and Abraham Lincoln's leted from another environmental report on ern States. By defeating the French in 1862, assassination. His successor, President the sale. And a third, previously unreleased Andrew Johnson, sent Gen. William Sheri­ report on environmental impacts also was Lincoln had a year's delay in French aid to the dan and 100,000 troops to the Texas border, uncovered. It, like the other two, specifical­ Confederacy. By the time the French won the "to protect American interests." ly stated that the Minerals Management second battle of Puebla a year later, it was Dashing back and forth across the Rio Service had "downplayed" the likelihood too late. Grande under the watchful eyes of battle­ and impacts of a spill. These reports Contreras correctly observes that the strug­ hardened U.S. soldiers, Mexican guerrillas amounted to a damning indictment of the gle for freedom knows no border. I would like harassed French and reactionary troops. sale's impact on the environment and the to place this article in the CONGRESSIONAL Openly, Gen. Sheridan "condemned" rifles, probability of a major spill. RECORD, and I urge my collegues to read it artillery and military supplies and ordered Then the smoking gun of the agency them left unguarded in wagons on the whitewash was uncovered. A memo from J. and reflect upon the meaning of Cinco de border. Stevens Griles, the assistant secretary for Mayo and the entertwined destinies of Mexico Many Frenchmen died, killed with "con­ offshore development, addressed the sub­ and the United States. demned" rifles and bullets. stantive comments in one of the reports The article is as follows: Side by side with Mexicans, thousands of with a barrage of allegations. [From the Dallas Morning News, May 5, Americans fought the French and earned His message came through loud and clear: 1989] the right to be-and were-present at the Agency professionals were not to voice their final defeat of the French puppet, Emperor CINCO DE MAYO CELEBRATES FREEDOM honest opinion if it interfered with his lease Maximilian. As a unit, they marched in sale. Shortly thereafter the most damaging President Juarez's Mexico City victory comments in the report were removed. On the 5th of May 1862, from dawn until parade on July 8, 1867. The long bloody war These revelations have sweeping implica­ dark, 4,850 ill-equipped, untrained teen-age was over. The memory of Cinco de Mayo tions for plans to drill off California. Mexican soldiers thrashed 6,000 invading lives. The agency professionals know about French soldiers and 2,000 battle-tested Thousands of Americans fought in the spills, they know about cleanup and they Mexican reactionary allies. Only 250 casual­ Mexican Army against the French; to pay know about probabilities. It happened in ties were suffered by the Mexicans, in con­ us back, Mexicans walked across the border Valdez. It could happen off California, per­ trast to one-eighth of French forces killed after Pearl Harbor to join in the fight haps not in the same astronomical size, but or wounded. French conquest of Mexico was against Japan and Germany. certainly in catastrophic impact. stopped cold in the mountains east of Recently, a prominent Mexican business­ The reports are striking because they ap­ Mexico City. French dreams of empire man died peacefully in his sleep in Tijuana. peared to be a premonition of, if not the would have to wait. Among his effects, his son found a locked scope, at least the precise nature of what This Battle of Puebal on the fifth of May, trunk in which was carefully packed a was to come off the coast of Alaska-the Cinco de Mayo, 1862, is a tiny footnote in United States Army paratrooper uniform worst oil spill in this nation's history. world history: nevertheless, it is commemo­ OOlst Airborne) and several medals for Those of us who represent California will rated by 90 million Mexicans, 121/2 million bravery, including a Silver Star heroically not stand by quietly. We will not ignore the Mexican-Americans and millions of our earned in 1944's Battle of the Bulge, Adolf risks for our coast, as the government did friends and neighbors throughout the Hitler's final frenzy. for Alaska. And we will not allow any United States. Why? It is not Mexican Inde­ What was a Mexican teen-age volunteer agency to whitewash the potential for an­ pendence Day. doing in Belgium's Ardennes Forest, fight­ other ecological disaster. There are a number of reasons, most of ing in an U.S. uniform in one of the most These documents must serve as the nail in them symbolic Napoleon Ill's invasion of glorious battles in American history? the coffin for the four sales the Minerals Mexico was a direct violation of United The struggle for freedom by Americans Management Service has planned for our States policy, the anti-European Monroe and Mexicans knows no border, and that is coast. Doctrine. Busy with Civil War, President why we celebrate Cinco. Next time someone Therefore, a bipartisan coalition of 29 Abraham Lincoln pledged his support to asks, what's a Cinco de Mayo parade for, tell members of Congress is calling on the Presi­ Mexico's first Indian president, Benito them. dent to cancel the northern lease sale; Juarez; imposed and arms embargo on A toast. Viva Cinco de Mayo! cancel or indefinitely postpone the other Mexico; then allowed President Juarez's sales planned for the rest of California's agents to buy guns. Buoyed by President coast, pending complete reevaluation, and Lincoln's support and help, the Mexicans TO HONOR JOHN ZANDONELLA overhaul his task force on offshoring drill­ fought with every resource available. ON HIS 60TH BIRTHDAY ing to ensure real scientific review. President Lincoln needed a Mexico free of Now is the time for President Bush to ful­ French domination, fearing unlimited arms fill the promises he made during the cam­ shipments through a Royal Mexico into HON. GEORGE MILLER paign to protect California's coast. We look Texas to the Confederacy from a sympa­ OF CALIFORNIA forward to hearing back from him. thetic Napoleon III. By defeating the French, Mexico handed IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES President Lincoln a year's delay in French Tuesday, May 9, 1989 CINCO DE MAYO CELEBRATES aid to the Confederacy through Mexico. FREEDOM THAT KNOWS NO During that year c treatment of unrelat­ TION ON THE UNRELATED code section 512, the term has been defined ed business income. BUSINESS INCOME TAX as "amounts received not only for the use of patents and copyrights, but for secret proc­ HON. BRIAN J. DONNELLY esses and formulas, good will, trademarks, TRIBUTE TO LOUIS CURCIO OF MASSACHUSETTS trade brands, franchises, and other like prop­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES erty." Commissioner v. Affiliated Enterprises, HON. ELIOT L. ENGEL 123 F. 2d 665, at 668 (1941). The payment OF NEW YORK Tuesday, May 9, 1989 "must relate to the use of a valuable right." IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. DONNELLY. Mr. Speaker, I am intro­ Rev. Aul. 81-178, 1981-2 CB 135. Apparently, ducing legislation today to clarify that certain the preliminary assessment by the Internal Tuesday, May 9, 1989 items of income received by ta>c-exempt orga­ Revenue Service had been that the income Mr. ENGEL. Mr. Speaker, on June 30, 1989, nizations are unrelated business income and received from an affinity card transaction can a devoted community leader Louis M. Curcio subject to ta>c. be excluded from the computation of unrelat­ will be completing 9 years of service to com­ Mr. Speaker, the latest rage in fundraising ed business income as a payment for "the munity school board No. 8 in the Bronx, the gimmicks by organizations which are exempt use of a valuable right." last 4 years as its president. from ta>c under section 501 (c) of the Internal In April 1988, however, the Internal Reve­ Louis Curcio is one of those types of indi­ Revenue Code are so-called affinity credit nue Service revoked its earlier private letter viduals that has shown dedication and devo­ cards. Typically, a ta>c-exempt organization­ ruling. In General Counsel Memorandum tion to his community that is rarely matched. such as a college or university-will partici­ 39727, the Service noted that the transaction Louis Curcio is a lifelong resident of the pate in a solicitation of its members by a bank is not an exchange of membership lists, and Pelham Bay area of my congressional district for credit card applications. For every member thus not subject to the general exclusion in and currently serves as president of the who applies for a credit card, the exempt or­ section 513(h)(1). In addition, the Service con­ Pelham Bay Ta>cpayers and Civic Association. ganization will receive a flat dollar amount, cluded that the royalty exclusion is not appli­ But, the most outstanding attribute of Lou plus a percentage of the total charge made to cable to these transactions. Thus, the position Curcio has been his devotion to children. In the card by the member, plus a flat amount of the Internal Revenue Service at the present addition to being a teacher at Lehman High for each renewal of the card. The Wall Street time appears to be that income from affinity School in the Bronx, Lou's work with school Journal reported a prediction in September of credit card transactions is subject to the unre­ board No. 8 is something we are most proud 1987 that "within the next few years there lated business income ta>c, and not royalty of. He has been an outstanding example of won't be any nonaffinity group cards." income subject to exclusion. what commitment to quality education is all My bill clarifies the ta>c treatment of the My bill would codify the result reached in about. amounts which these organizations receive GCM 39727 and provide that income received While he will be missed from the school from affinity card transactions. Section 511 of in connection with the sale, rental, or grant of board, he leaves behind a solid foundation on the Internal Revenue Code imposes a ta>c on a right to use lists of members, customers, or which to build. · the unrelated business income of charitable contributors to ta>c-exempt organizations would and other organizations. Under the income ta>c be unrelated business income. In addition, the regulations, income is unrelated business bill is intended to codify so much of Rev. Aul. POUND FOR POUND, SUGAR RAY income if it is derived from a trade or business 72-431 that applies to the sale of membership ROBINSON WAS SWEETEST which is regularly carried on, and not substan­ lists to ta>cable business or other entities. tially related to the organization's exempt pur­ Code section 513(h)(1) is not disturbed by this HON. LOUIS STOKES pose. legislation. Additionally, my bill clarifies that OF OHIO Under present law, several items of passive the income received is not to be treated as IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES income-such as royalities, rents, dividends, one of the modifications-or exclusions­ interest, and other items-are excluded from listed in code section 512(b). The provision Tuesday, May 9, 1989 the calculation of unrelated business income would be effective for amounts received or ac­ Mr. STOKES. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to under Internal Revenue Code section 512. crued after April 28, 1988, the date of publica­ eulogize an American legend-Sugar Ray Income derived from the exchange of mailing tion of the General Counsel Memorandum, al­ Robinson, who died April 12, 1989, leaving a lists between ta>c-exempt organizations is not though no inference should be drawn from legacy of sportsmanship and colossal athletic subject to the unrelated business income ta>c this date as to the proper treatment of achievements for future generations to under Code section 513. amounts received before April 28, 1988. admire. The world has lost a remarkable ath­ Obviously, objective tests such as "not sub­ I am also troubled by reports which I have lete, who has been the standard upon which stantially related" are extremely difficult for seen which suggest that individual States may many have emulated throughout the world of the Internal Revenue Service to enforce. be contemplating issuing affinity-type credit boxing. He devoted his life to a sport which he Nonetheless, in Revenue Ruling 72-431, cards. The unrelated business income ta>c loved, a sport which was greatly influenced by 1972-2 CB 281, the Service held that a regu­ does not apply to States, and section 115 of his skill and expertise in the boxing ring. lar sale of membership mailing lists by an the Internal Revenue Code excludes from In his prime, Robinson was the best prize­ exempt educational organization constituted gross income the "income derived from . . . fighter pound for pound, anywhere. During a an unrelated trade or business. This revenue the exercise of any essential governmental career that spanned a quarter-of-a-century, ruling seemed dispositive of this question­ function and accruing to a State or political Robinson won 175 fights of which 11 O were and would seem to clearly apply the unrelated subdivision thereof, or the District of Colum­ knockouts. He earned the distinction of being business income ta>c to organizations engag­ bia." It is my belief that income which States a 5-time world middleweight and welterweight ing in affinity card transactions-until the an­ receive from affinity credit cards is not exclud­ champion. He was never knocked out, and he nouncement of a private letter ruling by the In­ able under section 115 because it is not an was relentless in the ring. Only once in his ternal Revenue Service in 1987 which has fur­ essential governmental function to put resi­ career was he stopped, when he collapsed ther confused the issue. dents of a State further in debt. If legislation is from the sweltering heat in the ring during a In private letter ruling 8747066, the Service necessary to further clarify this point, I intend 1952 light-heavyweight title bout against Joey reasoned that the income derived from an af­ to amend my legislation in this regard as it Ma>cim. Sugar Ray Robinson's awesome abili­ finity card transaction entered into between a moves through the legislative process. ties have prompted boxing experts and enthu­ ta>c-exempt fraternal organization and a bank Mr. Speaker, let me stress that my intent is siasts to rank him as the best fighter who has would be unrelated business income. None­ not to stop these transactions. I just want to ever lived. theless, the private letter ruling indicated that ensure that the amounts received are treated The boxing world was enriched by having the amounts received from the transaction for what they are: Unrelated business income. Sugar Ray Robinson in its midst. Robinson would be royalty income and therefore exclud­ As a member of the Committee on Ways and contributed a great deal to the advancement able from the calculation of unrelated busi­ Means, I will push for speedy action on this of the sport through his innovative techniques ness income. measure either separately or in the context of and unique style. Many great champion fight- 8738 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 9, 1989 ers have imitated the grace and poise with first pro fight with a two-round technical of Sugar Ray Leonard's deputy assistant as­ which Sugar Ray Robinson controlled the knockout, the likes of Sugar Ray Robinson sociate trainers. Robinson was in trouble in right. Muhammad Ali incorporated Sugar Ray's had never been known to boxing in its two their return match, a loser until the 10th litheness into his own unique style. Likewise, centuries of history. He still defied compari­ round when the time came to risk a right son to the day of his death. To suggest that Sugar Ray Leonard, the middleweight and hand with everything he could summon. It another of his kind had come along was fat­ won him the fight instantly. welterweight champion of recent years, has uous. None would dare, so supreme was For Sugar Ray Robinson, the finish was had his sprynes in the ring compared to his Sugar Ray as the complete artist in the not a pretty story. He retired and unretired namesake, Sugar Ray Robinson., prize ring, the five-time middleweight cham­ many times. Went into show business as a During his lifetime, Robinson provided inspi­ pion. dancer, found the paydays meager, and ration to aspiring young boxers everywhere. It was never extravagant to say of Sugar missed the big money in boxing. During this His style and technique have been copied Ray that he was "pound for pound, the period, he was constantly asked for guid­ over and over again by fighters. Speed, agility, world's greatest fighter." He was, by general ance by Muhammad Ali when his own big stamina and raw energy where the key ingre­ agreement, and he has given that phrase to fights came up, so high was his esteem for the language. When Robinson stepped into Sugar Ray as a ring master. ' dients to Robinson's winning form in the the ring, his black hair pomaded to a bright boxing ring. This form, which combined superi­ Unhappily, Sugar Ray fought long beyond sheen, the impression always was that his time into his 25th year in the prize ring, or footwork with powerful and quick hand Sugar Ray was in control when the opening motion, was lethal to opponents during Robin­ and he was now a spectacle of tattered skills gong sounded. and ring rust and a pawing relic of what had son's prime. In his 17th year in the ring, in 1957, he re­ been his glorious wars. He was reduced to Despite his successes, Robinson experi­ claimed the middleweight title he lost to Gene Fullmer. The ending of that bout meager paydays and took numerous lickings enced set-backs in his boxing career, but he from such nondescripts as Denny Moyer, came back again and again, even when the brought from one ringsider the exclamation that, "Jeez, he's always knocking out mid­ Mick Leahy, Stan Harrington and Memo odds were against him. He would lose his title dleweight champs." Before Fullmer it was Ayon in seedy rings in Tijuana and other four times and regain it each time in spectacu­ Bobo Olson, the Englishman Randy Turpin low rent arenas. We prefer the other memo­ lar comeback matches. After losing his title to and Jake La Motta. Also throw in Rocky ries of the super champion of all times. Paul Pender and also losing the rematch, Graziano to make public the names of all indi­ deeper understanding of Jewish religion and and Vietnamese-Americans have watched viduals who continue to be held in "reeduca­ culture. their relatives languish in reeducation camps tion" camps or prisons in connection with Lincoln Square Synagogue sponsors lec­ nearly 14 years since the end of the Vietnam suspected opposition to the Government of tures and educational programs on Jewish War. Vietnam; May 9, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8747 <2 > to release immediately all remaining which made it a crime to use stolen pets for numbered years he handled the precinct cau­ long-term "reeducation" camp or prison de­ medical research. That same year, she was cuses, where precinct committeemen are tainees, as well as all individuals imprisoned named Humanitarian of the Year by the elected. He delivered precinct caucus signs to in Vietnam in recent years because of their political or religious expression or related Humane Society of the United States. In 1972, committeemen. He lined up worthy candidates nonviolent activites; and Fay was instrumental in establishing a volun­ for local offices, and spearheaded fundraising (3) to resume negotiations, without pre­ teer animal port at Washington's National Air­ efforts to finance their campaigns. He rubbed conditions, with the United States concern­ port to ensure that animals waiting to travel shoulders with top officials when he attended ing the emigration from Vietnam of current on flights were properly housed and fed. She a national convention and every State assem­ and former detainees and their families, in rallied support around the country for the bly since 1966. And last but certainly not accord with the commitment of the Govern­ humane treatment of animals and, in 1976, re­ least, Ken founded the Elbert County Lincoln ment of Vietnam to allow their emigration. ceived the Albert Schweitzer medal from the Day Dinner, an annual event held each Febru­ Animal Welfare Institute. ary in Kiowa. TRIBUTE TO FAY BRISK Fay's work was respected not only because Having been active in politics for so many of her professional integrity, but because her years, Ken has a hard time understanding the HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. loyalty to the issue always played a positive apathy demonstrated by most citizens. Of par­ OF CALIFORNIA role in animal welfare concerns. She was sup­ ticular concern to him is the large block of un­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES portive of the Department of Agriculture, made affiliated voters, which in Elbert County out­ numerous constructive suggestions, and was numbers both the Republicans and the Demo­ Tuesday, May 9, 1989 proud to consider herself a team player with crats. Ken also has no use for mudslinging Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. Speaker, one departmental and congressional cooperators. and dishonest campaigning. He believes we of the responsibilities of the House Agriculture The Department, the Congress, and the Na­ need candidates we can have confidence in. Subcommittee on Department Operations, Re­ tion's animals have indeed lost a good friend, Ken's philosophy is that if any public servant search, and Foreign Agriculture, which I chair, and we will all miss her. hopes to win any measure of confidence and is oversight of the Animal Welfare Act. This respect, honesty and integrity are essentials. subject area is a very contentious one marked Ken has been instrumental in the success by strongly held views on all sides of the TRIBUTE TO KEN SCOTT of my campaigns over the years since the issue. It is one of those very difficult legislative days when I represented Kiowa in the State areas which test the stamina and creativity of HON. JOEL HEFLEY senate. I couldn't think of running for a new government. It is also an area in which caring OF COLORADO office without first seeking Ken's wisdom and and reasonable points of view are especially IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES judgment. valued, as we try to thread our way toward Tuesday, May 9, 1989 The Elbert County Republicans recognized eventual solutions. the virtues of honesty and integrity in Ken and As we begin the process of considering leg­ Mr. HEFLEY. Mr. Speaker, in Elbert County, recently bestowed on him a special honor. As islation and regulations on animal welfare CO, he is known as Mr. Republican, and for a tribute to his many years of service, the issues in this Congress, we will miss one of good reason. Kenneth Scott served as chair­ Elbert County Republican Central Committee those caring and reasonable people who have man of the Elbert County Republican Commit­ has modified its by-laws to establish a new contributed so much in the past. On January tee for 20 years-longer than any county voting position as chairman emeritus for a true 13, one of this country's most important chairman in Colorado's history. man of character-Kenneth Scott. animal welfare advocates, Fay Brisk, passed Ken Scott first came to Elbert County in away, leaving behind her an impressive legacy 1915 when his parents left his native Arkan­ of achievement in animal welfare legislation sas for Colorado. Due to a trade deal that TRIBUTE TO BARBARA and a warm memory of her personal dedica­ went sour, the family headed back to Arkan­ BERTAGNOLI tion to the humane treatment of animals. sas, then moved to Kansas, where Ken fin­ A native of Reading, PA, Fay Brisk began ished school-was captain of the football HON. ROBERT W. DAVIS her career as a reporter for the Reading Eagle team and senior class president. OF MICHIGAN and the Philadelphia Record, and later joined Ken's parents returned to Colorado for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Women's Army Corps as a public informa­ keeps in 1922. They settled in the Kiowa area. tion officer. In 1947, she moved to Washing­ Ken and his wife Lyndall, who passed away Tuesday, May 9, 1989 ton, DC, and joined the Economic Cooperation in 1983, raised four children. His oldest son, Mr. DAVIS. Mr. Speaker, I would like to take Administration as a press officer. She joined Ken, Jr., succumbed to a fatal illness in 1986 this time to extend congratulations to Mrs. the U.S. Information Agency in the early at the age of 56. His son, Larry and daughter, Barbara Bertagnoli, a teacher in the Gaylord, 1950's and became domestic news chief in Mary Filson, both live in Fort Collins, and a Michigan public schools, who has recently 1959. third son, Jim, lives in Great Falls, MT. been selected as the National Education As­ From 1962 until her retirement in 1971, Fay Ken has an extensive background in agricul­ sociation's Midwest Regional Outstanding Ele­ served with the Small Business Administration ture. He owns 1,383 acres along Comanche mentary Student Teacher. and, for 8 years, was detailed to the White Creek. Up until 2 years ago Ken was still Mrs. Bertagnoli has been pursuing her House during the Kennedy and Johnson ad­ doing the hay cutting and baling. degree and a teaching certificate through ministrations. There, she worked on Medicare In addition to farming and ranching for 39 Central Michigan University. This semester and consumer information projects. years, Ken also operated the Ken Scott and she has been student teaching full time in the But Fay was known and respected perhaps Co. trucking firm. His right hand man was his classroom. The National Education Associa­ more for here achievements that came late in oldest son. Ken Scott and Co. would haul just tion conducted a national competition in which her career and after her retirement. Motivated about anything. Mrs. Bertagnoli prepared a lesson plan and solely by personal interest, she worked out of Ken served as division chairman and as submitted a video of one of her class lessons. her home in Washington, DC, to improve board director of the Colorado Motor Carriers She was one of only six regional winners animal care standards. She often made help­ up until the time he quit trucking in 1975. across the Nation. ful suggestions and become known as the In 1964 Ken was elected committeeman for As a strong supporter of education, I am conscience for animal welfare. She was objec­ precinct No. 3. He attended his first State as­ proud to represent a person who has decided tive and understanding. sembly in 1966. It was there that a long-time to dedicate her life to educating others. Young Fay was probably most noted for her efforts friend started calling him "Mr. Republican," people in the 11th Congressional District will to improve laboratory and transport conditions and the nickname stuck. benefit tremendously from Barbara's efforts for animals; she was not afraid of siding with Ken accepted the assignment of Elbert and expertise for many years. With teachers the underdog. Her untiring investigations into County Republican chairman in 1968. During like Barbara educating our young people, animal abuses around the country were in­ his rein as chairman, Ken accomplished many America's future is bright. valuable contributions toward the establish­ things. In odd numbered years he arranged On behalf of the Congress, the students ment of the Animal Welfare Act in 1966, the county organizational meetings. In even Barbara teaches, and the many others who 8748 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 9, 1989 will be affected by her knowledge, concern, Although development agencies and lending croenterprises, into the sea, ostensibly to and skills, I extend to Barbara Bertagnoli con­ institutions have engaged in expanding motor­ reduce traffic congestion. El Salvador spends gratulations, thanks, and wishes of much suc­ ized transport services in developing coun­ over one-half of its export earnings on petrole­ cess in her future endeavors in the education tries, in practice this is an unrealistic possibili­ um, yet only a tiny minority can afford cars. field. ty. Even bus fare, let alone simple motorbikes One-quarter of the World Bank's portfolio is or cars, are beyond the reach of hundreds of invested in transportation-related projects, yet millions of families. Lack of money for the pur­ HUMAN NEEDS AND MOBILITY almost nothing goes for vehicles people can chase of motorized transport, plus problems afford or to encourage nonmotorized, low-cost with maintenance, repair and supply of fuel, forms of transportation. Similarily, the U.S. HON. CLAUDINE SCHNEIDER lubricants and spare parts, makes it unlikely Agency for International Development [AID] OF RHODE ISLAND that in the short- and medium-term these will has no projects related to reducing transport­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES be a real answer to the transport problems of related energy use or promoting sustainable Tuesday, May 9, 1989 families, or workers in the health, welfare, education, and assistance community. substitutes. Humanitarian relief distribution in Ms. SCHNEIDER. Mr. Speaker, today I am Save the Children, the Peace Corps, Mozambique and Ethiopia relegate women to being joined by several of my colleagues in in­ UNICEF and other private and public develop­ pack animal status to head carry 100-pound troducing a joint resolution on "Human Needs ment agencies working at the village level sacks of grain from distribution centers to vil­ and Mobility," which addressed a subject vir­ have found a variety of nonmotorized vehicles lages. tually ignored by decisionmakers both in de­ to be quite in line with needs of cash-poor Sustainable and affordable transportation velopment agencies and lending institutions: families and local agencies. Bicycles and tricy­ strategies are desperately needed to address the transportation needs of those who com­ cles, for example, are relatively cheap to buy, the mobility needs of all without destroying the prise a majority of the Earth's people, the easy to assemble and maintain, require little in environmental resources that underpin sus­ Third World poor. the way of lubrication and nothing in the way tainable economic development. The "Human Lack of transport is one of the gravest prob­ of fuel. Millions of families currently use them, Needs and Mobility" resolution builds upon lems facing the world's underdeveloped and often in conjunction with carts, to transport up language inserted in the fiscal year 1989 debt-ridden countries. The virtual absence of to 400 pounds of cargo over even the most House foreign operations' appropriations bill. this fundamental need adversely affects the difficult terrain. There is a long tradition of It recognizes the problems of too little trans­ health, well-being, and economic productivity using such human-powered vehicles to trans­ port for so many people, and emphasizes ac­ of hundreds of millions of impoverished port agriculture products, fuelwood, water, tions to be taken by AID and U.S. representa­ human beings. manufactured goods, clothes, drugs, and med­ For millions of families the daily reality re­ ical materials, and even for use as an ambu­ tives to multilateral funding institutions to pro­ quires hours of hand carrying heavy loads of lance in emergencies. vide real and sustainable solutions for the mo­ water and firewood located miles from their Unfortunately, development programs bility needs of the poor in developing coun­ dwellings. The respected international assist­ funded in part by the United States currently tries. ance organization, Save the Children, finds a promote policies favoring capital-intensive If we are to encourage flourishing microen­ lack of transport to critically undermine essen­ highways and motorized vehicles, to the ex­ terprises as a means of helping people help tial health services. For example, the absence clusion of nonmotorized options. All too fre­ themselves to overcome their impoverished of vehicles leave health posts without medi­ quently, the low-cost, nonpolluting, more conditions, and transform aid-dependent na­ cines, mobile vaccination campaigns are not broadly affordable, human-powered vehicles tions into thriving trade partners, then we carried out, the sick are not transferred to are marginalized or destroyed. A few stark ex­ need to assist in the development of sturdy, medical attention, and much disease preven­ amples make the point. low-cost, sustainable transport options appro­ tion and health promotion goes untapped be­ Jakarta, Indonesia has thrown 75,000 tricy­ priate to local conditions. cause people cannot visit health centers. cles, the basis of a thriving system of mi-