COMPARE DIFFERENT TYPES OF ATTRACTIONS: MODULE 3 PROVINCE AND ITS UNIQUE FEATURES  Gauteng means “place of gold” in Sesotho. The province is the smallest in , accounting for approximately only 1.5% of the land area. Nevertheless, it is highly urbanised, including the country’s large city Johannesburg which is its administrative capital.

ATTRACTIONS IN AND AROUND JOHANNESBURG MUSEUM AFRICA  Formerly known as the Africana Museum is a historical museum in Newtown built in 1913, situated in the old fruit and vegetable market building next to the Market Theatre.  Tourists visiting the museum can experience the African material culture from across the continent through the variety of collections the museum has.

MARKET THEATRE COMPLEX  The market theatre is based in the downtown bohemian suburb of Newtown; it was opened in 1976 which was closed after 60 years.  The market theatre was renamed John Kani Theatre in 2014 after the renowned South African stage actor John Kani.  The complex has three theatres, namely: an art gallery; pubs including restaurants where tourists can dine and get to know more about the historical museum.

MELVILLE KOPPIES  It is a beautiful open space which was once the site of a Stone Age village and a primitive forge used for smelting iron.  Tourists visiting the area can have a view of the plant species that were recorded on the Witwatersrand.

GOLDREEF CITY  Is an amusement park in Johannesburg, located in an old gold mine which closed in 1971 and the park is themed around the gold rush.  Visitors to the tourist attraction can be taken on a trip to a mine shaft and watch molten gold being poured. There are also rides that both children and adults can enjoy, including a range of outlets for visitors to do their shopping.

VAAL RIVER  Is the third largest river in South Africa after the Orange River, it was established as the main source of water for the great Witwatersrand.  For tourists that are interested in water activities such as boating; yachting; water skiing and fishing the Vaal River is an ideal destination

SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL HORSEMANSHIP CENTRE  The centre is located in Kyalami near Johannesburg. Usually a team of Lippizaner stallions perform every Sunday at the South African National Horsemanship Centre.

APARTHEID MUSEUM AND CONSTITUTIONAL HILL  The constitutional Hill is located in Braamfontein, Johannesburg and the Apartheid Museum is part of the Gold Reef City complex.  The two attractions are popular for attracting large numbers of tourists that are interested in history of South Africa.

SOWETO  Is a township of the city of Johannesburg, its name is an English syllabic abbreviation for South Western Townships.  Soweto is one of the major tourist attractions in South Africa with homes ranging from makeshift shacks to affluent mansions.  An estimation of approximately 1 700 foreign tourists visit Soweto daily, home of numerous politicians can be seen in the area as well as the Hector Peterson Memorial.  The two- bedroom house where former President Nelson Mandela lived before incarceration has been converted into a museum. Nearby, also on Vilakazi Street, is home to the Anglican Archbishop Desmond Tutu.

ATTRACTIONS IN  Pretoria is 50km north of Johannesburg, is the country’s administrative capital. With Centurion and Hammanskraal, it makes up the Tshwane Metropole.  Mamelodi and Atteridgeville are some of the interesting townships to visit, as they’re older areas of the city such as Marabastad. CHURCH SQUARE  Is the square at the historic centre of the city Pretoria, South Africa. It was subsequently named for the church buildings that stood at the centre of the square from 1856 to 1905.  Visitors visiting the tourist attraction can see the squares most prominent feature, which is the statue of the late Boer leader and president of the South African Republic, Paul Kruger, at its center. KRUGER HOUSE MUSEUM  Is the historical Pretoria residence of the Boer leader and President of the South African Republic, Paul Kruger.  It was built in 1884 by architect Tom Claridge and builder Charles Clark, Milk was used, instead of water, for mixing the cement from which the house was constructed.  Tourists visiting the Kruger house can experience the ambience of the period that Kruger lived in through the original furnishings or items from the historical period.  Is a stately mansion and museum located on Burgers Park in Pretoria. The Peace Treaty of Vereeniging was signed here in 1902.  It was declared a National Heritage Site on May 17th, 1971.  Tourists that interested in history can visit the mansion.  Is located south of Pretoria in South Africa. This massive granite structure is prominently located on a hilltop, and was raised to commemorate the Voortrekkers who left the Cape Colony between 1835 and 1854.  260 steps lead up to the dome, where tourists can have a spectacular view of Pretoria.  Form the official seat of the South African Government and also house of the offices of the President of South Africa.  Though not in the centre of Pretoria, the Union Buildings occupy the highest point of Pretoria and constitute a South African national heritage site.  Within the grounds are various monuments, statues and memorials, which tourists can view and visit in the location. MUSEUM  Is located outside of Pretoria, dating back from 1885 today the Sammy Marks museum forms part of the Ditsong Museums of South Africa.  48 rooms in the house are filled with Victorian paintings, furniture, silver and porcelain to be explored by tourists visiting the museum. GENERAL SMUTS HOUSE MUSEUM  Is situated at Irene, south-east of Pretoria. The house contains the original furnishings of the Smuts family that tourists can see.

OTHER PLACES OF INTEREST IN GAUTENG VAAL DAM  It was constructed in 1938 and lies 77 kilometres south of OR Tambo International Airport.  The Vaal Dam is a world renowned fishing venue for freshwater carp and catfish. Tourists visiting the destination can be part of the annual “Round the Island” yacht race, there is also the jet ski race and a treasure hunt.

CULLINAN  Is an old mining town located 30 km east of Pretoria, it is named after diamond magnate Sir Thomas Cullinan.  Various operators offer tours around Cullinan, tourists can choose between tours around town; within the mining area and even underground mining tours.  The mountainous terrain surrounding Cullinan offers multiple activities for more adventure- orientated tourists such as horse riding; archery; abseiling and Bongo drum sessions.

WILLEM PRINSLOO AGRICULTURAL MUSEUM  The museum preserves and presents the South African Agricultural history in a unique manner, it was established in 1880.  Tourists visiting the area can learn traditional farming activities which are demonstrated within the Agricultural museum.

STERKFONTEIN CAVES  It is a set of limestone caves of special interest to paleo- anthropologists located in Gauteng Province. Sterkfontein is a South African National Heritage Site and was declared a World Heritage Site in 2000.  The area in which it is located in is known as the Cradle of Humankind. Tourists can have a view of the numerous early hominin remains that were discovered at the site over the last few decades and also get to see the wild African species.  Within the site a discovery of a 2.3-million-year-old fossil Australopithecus africanus nicknamed Ms. Ples was found in 1947 by Robert Broom and John T. Robinson.

WONDER CAVE  It is situated in Kroomdraai, Gauteng; it is the third largest cave chamber in the country. It was discovered in the late nineteenth century by miners who dynamited and excavated limestone for the making of cement.  Visitors to the destination can have a spectacular view of the stalactite and stalagmite formations including the “Praying Mary”.

KRUGERSDORP GAME RESERVE  It is located near the town of Krugersdorp; it is a small intimate reserve that offers tourists a true African safari experience.  Tourists visiting the Game Reserve can have a closer view of the four species of the Africa’s Big Five; go on mountain climbing and ride on 4X4’s; go on scuba diving etc.

KLOOFENDAL NATURE RESERVE  Is a municipal nature reserve in Roodepoort, it is one of the first nature reserves in Johannesburg. It is also recognised as the place where gold was first mined in Johannesburg.  Visitors to the tourist attraction can make appointments to visit the old gold mine. There are also hiking trails and a small dam nearby for outdoor tourists, as they may see the Mongoose; Southern African hedgehog; Black- backed jackal and Blesmol. WITWATERSRAND BOTANICAL GARDENS  Is lately known as the Walter Sisulu National Botanical Garden, it was established in 1982 and it is located in Roodepoort.  The garden is home to a well-known black eagle, of which visitors can see and there is also a restaurant within the park and a gift shop for tourists to purchase souvenirs. TSWAING ECO-MUSEUM  It is located north of Pretoria marking the site where a meteorite hit the earth billions of years ago. It consists of a huge crater with a Salt Lake in the middle. The crater is believed to be one of the most perfectly formed in the world.  Tourists visiting the location can go on hiking trails; attend educational programmes offered at the tourist destination and see animals such as Impala; Steenbok; Kudu and reptiles.

RIETVLEI NATURE RESERVE  It is located in the east side of Pretoria within the reserve is the Rietvlei Dam. The reserve is home to different mammals; birds and both exotic and indigenous species of trees.  Visitors can go on game viewing; there is also fresh water fishing; picnic sites and hiking trails of which visitors can indulge in. VANDERBIJLPARK  It is an industrial city with 95 000 inhabitants on the Vaal River in the south of the Gauteng province.  The town was built during the late 1940’s by the Iron and Steel Corporation (ISCOR) to accommodate its employees.  Tourists visiting the town can have the view of the town houses and go to the Emerald Casino Resort. For tourists that are into sports there is Emfuleni Golf Course and a shopping mall with amenities such as swimming facilities and a restaurant.

ACTIVITY Complete the table of the learning activity 2.10 on page 78