The Life, Times, and Knives of W.W. Scagel
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The Life, Times, and Knives of W.W. Scagel Jim Lucie Good morning dear hearts and gentle souls. You will learn this morning of a man who, by universal agree- ment among all knife makers and blade smiths and knife collectors, enjoys the universal reputation of being America's earliest 20th Century knife maker. It all begins with the birth of William Wales Scagel on Lincoln's birth- day, February 12, 1875, in a small town near Sarnia, Ontario. It is profoundly difficult in the time allotted to give an in-depth view of just how great a man Bill Scagel was. 1 will attempt to outline to you exactly what he did and why he is so important in the annuls of blade smithing and knife making and how it ties in to people of the American Society of Arms Collectors, since he did make military knives. I feel it is important in any biographical and historical enshrined in the history of the Lee Enfield rifle: it was her presentation to give some background to the genealogical brother who was the inventor and developer of the Lee and ancestral facts. I had much help from a living grand- Enfield rifle and he had also invented a typewriter, the nephew, Robert F. Scagel, who lives in Vancouver, and patent for which he sold to the Remington Company. also from the Mormon genealogical files. As a matter of John, as I said, was born in Carillon, Quebec, April 15, fact, the people out at Salt Lake City, Utah, were absolutely 1833, and he died in Sarnia, Ontario, December 17, 1912. thrilled that I had any knowledge of William Scagel, Anna Lee, his wife, was born on July 11, 1839, and she because they were doing a complete file on the ancestry of died in Sarnia October 2, 1925. John and Anna had six the Scagel family, and since they all lived in Canada and children, four sons and two daughters. The daughters' they were all Canadians, with William Scagel being the names were Jemima Olivia Scagel and Margaret Annie only one that came to the States, they had absolutely noth- Scagel. The four boys were named Samuel George Scagel, ing on Bill, so we were able to get into a very proficient who was the grandfather to the living nephew from whom swap of information and material and I gleaned much of I was able to obtain much information. Another son was this from the Mormon ancestral files as well as from his James Dalton Scagel, and John Arthur Clark Scagel, and grand-nephew. The more I got into Bill's background, the then, of course, the subject of our presentation, the more exciting it became. Some of the early family settled youngest son, William Wales Scagel. Enough of genealogy. in the township of Chatham along the Ottawa River near We now should turn our attention to exactly what the Carillon Rapids in Quebec. Other members of the fam- kind of person William Scagel was. Who was he, what did ily settled in Gray County, Ontario. We can go back to he do, and why has he posthumously become so famous? 1715, with Christopher Scagel, who married and had four Bill's father, John, was a fairly well-to-do ship builder in known children. One of these children's names was Jacob Sarnia. About 1905 or 1906, Bill joined the British and he is the ancestor of William Scagel.. From Jacob Merchant Marine, and he made several trips around the Scagel came Jacob Scagel I1 and records show he was Bill's world. By 1916 or 1917, he married and here we undergo great-grandfather who joined the Revolutionary War army one of my problems. I have scoured the entire area of and was at the battle of Saratoga in 1777, was with courthouses and can find no certificates of marriage; how- Washington's troops at Valley Forge, and was at Yorktown. ever, we have enough substantial documentation and his- One of Jacob 11's sons was Samuel Dalton Scagel, who torical background from people who knew Bill prior to my married Jemima Clark in 1827 at St. Andrews in the meeting him, that he did get married. He had no children Carillon area. Now their third son was named John and he and he was quickly divorced and it is a subject of great was William's father and John had married Anna Lee. speculation as to how that happened. Ostensibly, one of Anna Lee came from the same Lee family whose name is his sisters didn't like his wife, and I guess it was consid- Reprinted from the American Society of Arms Collectors Bulletin 69:7-15 Additional articles available at http://americansocietyofarmscollectors.org/resources/articles/ ered that she interfered and the marriage was dissolved. that supplied all of his power for his workshop. You will But in any event, in 1917, he married and he settled in see in the display many other items of beauty besides Durand, Michigan, and he began to go to work for the knives. He made magnificent dutch ovens, copper, brass, Grand Trunk Railroad as a troubleshooter for their loco- and silver beer steins, wrought iron hatchets and trophies. motives. Bill left Durand about 1920. He moved across He was a favorite person of the Muskegon Police the Michigan Peninsula to Muskegon and there he set up a Department. He did pistol repair work for them, made blacksmith and cutlery shop on Marquette Avenue. In many fine knives as trophies for other police marksmen 1935, his shop had burned to the ground, destroying and made some small boats for people. everything Scagel owned. Undaunted, Bill set up a corru- I came into Bill's life in the summer of 1956 when I gated iron shed, pitched a tent to live in and was back to had finished my medical schooling and went to Fruitport work within days. In 1937, he had saved up enough and opened up my family practice office. Bill would never money to purchase a one acre piece of ground in Fruitport run to the doctor much and he used to walk by my office which he named Dogwood Nub. Here, Bill built a new several times a week to a local grocery store where he shop and moved to this property and, at age 64, began to would stock up on a week's supply of staples for his manufacture some of the world's finest cutlery and general cabin and I began to ask people who he was. This was artistic blacksmithing work. 1956 and he was considered then to be the local black- There has been much said about Bill's so-called smith and knife maker and sort of a strange man. Many rather reclusive personality. This requires some explana- wealthy sportsmen and hunters and fishermen beat a path tion. It was true that he was a bit reclusive, but he had a to his door to get a fine Scagel-made knife. People from heart of gold. If he could help someone who was in need, all over the country heard about Scagel's fine cutlery. I he readily did this. He did have some strange quirks. have letters from retired army captains and majors dated Amongst them were his political beliefs. Bill Scagel would 1939 and 1940 and during World War 11, attesting to the make a John Bircher look like a bleeding heart liberal. His fine quality of his knives and ordering more. It was in whole philosophy of living was if you don't work, you 1937 that Bo Randall of the famous Randall Knife don't eat. He had no use for Democrats, Union people Company discovered the likes of Bill Scagel. This is an old who were on relief that could work and wouldn't, and this documented story that has been often times repeated and is an area on which much time could be spent; however, I it is true. It was Bill Scagel's knives that became the inspi- think I've made the point. ration and the beginning of Bo Randall making knives. During the 1938 and 1939 polio epidemics, Bill made Sometime during the summer of 1936, Bo Randall and his many, many fine braces for children that were from plans family owned a large log summer home up on the shores given to him by physicians in the area. He never charged of Walloon Lake in Northern Michigan. One day, Bo a penny for any of these braces. I have seen one of these Randall was watching a neighbor scraping paint from the braces with his little mark and his name stamped on them bottom of a boat using the finest hunting knife Bo had and they are absolute works of art. Bill would do this for ever seen. He was able to obtain that knife from that indi- free. Bill lived alone. His only true companions were his vidual and chased down Bill Scagel in Fruitport and spent dogs. He loved Labrador Retrievers, and they were his some time with him and that was the beginning of Bo true friends. I will show some slides along the way that Randall becoming a knife maker. When he returned to his will illustrate just how important his dogs were. home in Orlando, Florida, he started to copy the Scagel Bill began to make knives approximately in the years knife and, as you all know, the Bo Randall knife became 1908 and 1909, and he made them continuously until 1962, quite famous.