In This Edition: Page Page  Dangerous Animals– Part 2 2  The Ragdoll 17 International Day of Innocent  !! 18 Children Victims of Aggression 3  Geelong Cemeteries 20  Geelong’s Hitchcock Family 4  International Day Against Drug  Bright and Hitchcocks 6 Abuse and Illicit Trafficking 21  Eyeglasses 8  The Red Cross 22  10  GFC Word Search 25  Fishing Around Geelong 12  Aphrodite 26  DEAD– Before Their Time 14  150 Years Ago 27  World Refugee Day 16  Then… & Now 28

P A R T TWO

KING COBRA The King Cobra (Ophiophagus Hannah) is the world’s longest venomous snake– growing up to 5.6m in length. Ophiophagus, literally means ―snake-eater,‖ as it eats other snakes. One single bite of this deadly snake can easily kill a human. This snake is even capable of killing a full-grown Asian Elephant within 3 hours if the larger animal is bitten in a vulnerable area such as the trunk. It’s venom is not as toxic as other venomous snakes, but the King Cobra is capable of injecting five times more venom than the black mamba and can result in death up to five times faster.

MARBLED CONE SNAIL Don’t let the beauty of the Marbled Cone Snail fool you since it can be quite deadly. Of course, the true purpose of its venom is to catch its prey. However, one drop of its venom is so powerful that it can kill more than 20 humans. If you ever happen to be in a warm salt water environment (where these snails are found), stay well away from them. Symptoms of a Cone Snail sting can start immediately or can be delayed in onset for days. It results in intense pain, swelling, numbness and tingling. Severe cases involve muscle paralysis, blurred vision and breathing failure. There is no anti-venom. 2 International Day of Innocent Children Victims of Aggression June 4 Appalled at the great number of innocent Palestinian and Lebanese children becoming victims of Israel's acts of aggression, on August 19, 1982 at an emergency special session on the question of Palestine, the United Nations General Assembly, decided to commemorate June 4 of each year as the International Day of Innocent Children Victims of Aggression. According to the UN, the statistics of child abuse include:  More than two million children killed in conflict in the last two decades.  About 10 million child refugees are cared for by the UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR).  In the Latin America and Caribbean region about 80,000 children die annually from violence starting within the family. Child abuse remains prevalent today—but how prevalent? We know how many cases of abuse are being reported each year but this may only be the tip of the iceberg. The UN is working hard to help protect children around the world. Here in Australia mandatory laws have been introduced that require professionals who work with children to report any child they suspect is in danger of abuse. In spite of mandatory reporting laws, statistics suggest that violence against children continues to rise.

Why do adults abuse children? 1.Some abusers learned it from their parents. Their early history consisted of receiving abuse themselves and/or seeing others abused. As they become adults, they simply turn this relation- ship dynamic around and start acting as the "abuser." 2.Abusive behaviour can also result from personality disorders or substance abuse. For example, someone with anger management issues, or a drinking problem may easily loose control during arguments or when tired and stressed. 3.Some may abuse children because of the selfish benefits they receive from doing so. For instance—sexual or financial gratifi- cation, or the simple allure of power over other people's lives. None of these excuses justify child abuse!

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George Hitchcock and Walter Hitchcock were sons of William and Mary Hitchcock, from Devon, England. George was born on October 7, 1831 and Walter on August 11, 1832. After attending Denmark Hill School they were apprenticed to their uncle George, a London draper.* In 1849 the Hitchcock family migrated in the ship Amity Hall to Geelong where, in June 1850, they established Hitchcock Bros & Co., general dealers, wool-brokers and merchants. William went to the Ballarat goldfields in September 1851 but was more successful at Forest Creek near Castlemaine. A devout Congregationalist, he organized regular religious services, first in a marquee and later in the Castlemaine Hall which he built in addition to his own home. He was an George Hitchcock auctioneer, merchant, proprietor of livery stables and in 1909 on his founder of the first local newspaper. Although prominent in golden wedding charitable activities, he lost heavily in mining speculations anniversary. and was declared insolvent in October 1859. He died in on April 29, 1867 aged 55. After spending a year with his father on the goldfields Walter returned to Geelong and, in September 1853, he and his brother George joined William Bright & Co., drapers and clothiers, forming Bright and Hitchcocks. In 1857 Walter married Mary Burrow, the daughter of William Burrow who was then mayor of Geelong. Sadly, Mary died in 1858, leaving behind one daughter. On December 13, 1860 Walter married Amelia Woollard and had three more children. Amelia converted to Roman Catholicism and died estranged from him in August 1908. As buyer for Bright and Hitchcocks Walter moved to England in 1863. In London he acted as agent for civic ―Behind every good man is a good and church groups in Geelong and woman‖ was prominent in obtaining its Annie Hitchcock: 1842-1917 celebrated post office clock. In 1865 -66 his efforts helped to secure Wife of Geelong businessmen George Hitchcock, Annie was a prominent, machinery and finance for a woollen successful, and influential philanthropist mill at Geelong. In 1881 he resigned and community worker in her own right. from Bright and Hitchcocks. Perhaps She was 's foremost Methodist Walter’s greatest passion was the fundraiser, and led the Geelong and volunteer fire-brigade movement. In Western District Ladies' Benevolent Geelong he rarely missed a fire or Association for forty one years, a period lost an opportunity to promote the when it became the leading organisation movement and in 1883 on one of of its kind in regional Victoria. *Draper: An old fashion term for a seller of cloth and clothes. 4 his visits to Australia was honoured with life membership as an honor- ary captain. Walter died in England on July 12, 1923. Under the management of George and later his son Howard, Bright & Hitchcocks became the largest department store in Victoria outside Melbourne. George became a Geelong town councillor in 1875 and a Justice of the Peace in 1891. He was also active in the Chamber of Commerce and in 1890-1912 served as council chairman of the Gordon Institute of Technology. In 1859 he married Annie, and they had two sons and a daughter. George died in Geelong on May 8, 1912 and the G. M. Hitchcock Art Gallery was named in his honour. Howard was born on March 31, 1866 in Geelong. He began work at 18 as an assistant at Bright & Hitchcocks. Five years later he became a junior partner and on his father's death in 1912 he took over as manag- ing director. In 1926 he sold the Howard Hitchcock and his wife, business to five of his employees. Charlotte owned a house near the present Barwon Heads Hotel. On April 16, 1890 Howard married Their contribution to the town is Charlotte Royce. They had no children. acknowledged by the naming of Howard was prominent in the Yarra the main street– Street Wesleyan Church (see page Hitchcock Avenue. 28), serving for over twenty-five years as organist and over ten years as secretary and superintendent. In 1915 he was prevailed upon to stand for city council. Elected as representative for Bellarine Ward, within two years he was chosen as mayor and served a record consecutive five years in that office in 1917-22. During his mayoralty his slogan was 'civic improvement and beautifica- tion' which he put into practice in development schemes for Johnstone's Park and the Eastern Beach precinct. He firmly believed that those who had made their fortune in the town should be prepared to plough it back into its development. He never ceased to push the merits of Geelong, extending to visitors lavish (though teetotal) hospitality out of his own pocket. Hitchcock's interests turned outside Geelong when he espoused William Calder's proposal for the establish- ment of the Great Ocean Road as a memorial to the soldiers of the Western District. He became president of the Great Ocean Road Trust in 1918, and gave nearly £3,000 to its fund-raising appeal. It was his enthusiasm and energy as much as anything that kept the project afloat. He died before he was able to open the completed road in 1932 but, in tribute, his car was driven behind the governor's in the procession along the road on opening day. He died of heart disease on 22 August 1932, aged 66. Howard Hitchcock 5 The changing face of

Located today on the south- east corner of Moorabool and Little Malop Streets in central Geelong is the Bright and Hitchcocks building. Since 1855 the building, although receiving many makeovers in the last 156 years, has stood as a shopping icon in Geelong. c.1861 Painting of corner of Moorabool St and Little Malop St, with Bright and Hitchcocks in the background. The Bright and Hitchcocks Gray’s water tank stands in front (no piped water in those store had its origins in two days), where Banjo’s Bakehouse is now located. stores, one run by the Hitch- cock brothers in Yarra Street, and the other by William Bright in Moora- bool Street. The two drapery businesses merged in 1855 at the current location, and their department store opened under the "Bright and Company" name. In those days carts pulled by teams of bullocks passed c.1880 Lithograph by Fergusson and Mitchell each other, through knee- deep mud in winter and throwing up clouds of dust each summer, as they plied up and down Moorabool Street. The name "Bright and Hitchcocks" was adopted in 1861, and that name remained prominent on signs above Moorabool Street and Little Malop Street until c.1900 Photo: State Library of Victoria 1968. 6

William Bright retired in 1865 and the son of one of the found- ing brothers, Howard Hitchcock, was the last of the two families to be involved with the store, retiring in 1926. Bright and Hitchcocks became a public company in 1950 with almost 600 shareholders. In 1959 the company was purchased by Foy and Gibsons Ltd, who later 1916. Bright & Hitchcocks is decorated with signs and merged with Cox Brothers. flags, encouraging citizens to donate to the Red Cross to support Australian soldiers during WWI. Cox Brothers ran into financial Major renovations in 1912-13 saw the addition of the problems in 1966, and in March lookout. The basement was added in 1920. 1968 the store was sold to new owners, who changed the name to "Brights". It was sold again in January 1969 to Sydney based Burns Philp and Co, who renamed the store "Mates". The final sale was in 1976 when Chas Moore took over the lease, changing the name again, this time to "Moores". 1979 saw Moores closed. The building was then divided into a 1950 Bright & Hitchcocks celebrate their centenary. number of smaller stores at street level. Since 1982 the upper floors have remained empty. The basement was occupied by a Spotlight fabric store until 2005. The exterior of the building underwent a repaint and minor refurbishment in 2006. In 2011 the Bright and Hitch- cocks building is once again listed for sale. The building has been valued at around $7 million. A recent photo of the Bright and Hitchcocks building. 7Eleven now occupies the street-level corner shop. 7 The earliest historical reference to magnification dates back to ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs in the 5th century BCE, which depict “simple glass lenses.” However, the earliest written record of magnification dates back to the 1st century CE, when Seneca the Younger, a tutor of Emperor Nero of Rome, wrote: “letters, however small and indistinct, are seen enlarged and more clearly through a globe or glass filled with water.” Nero (reigned 54-68 CE) is Emperor Nero also said to have watched the gladiatorial games using an emerald as a corrective lens. Corrective lenses were said to be used by Spanish Muslim inventor Abbas Ibn Firnas in the 9th century, who had devised a way to produce very clear glass. These glasses could be shaped and polished into round rocks used for viewing and were known as reading stones. The earliest evidence of “a magnifying device, a convex lens forming a magnified image,” dates back to the Book of Optics Abbas Ibn published by Persian-born Alhazen in 1012. Its translation Firnas into Latin from Arabic in the 12th century was instrumen- tal to the invention of eyeglasses in 13th century Italy. Englishman Robert Grosseteste’s treatise De iride (“On the Rainbow”), written between 1220 and 1235, mentions using optics to “read the smallest letters at incredible distances.” A few years later in 1262, Roger Bacon is also known to have written on the magnifying properties of lenses. Reportedly, spectacles were in use in China by the rich and elderly at the time of Marco Polo’s arrival in 1270 or 1271, although the Chinese credit their invention to Arabia in Alhazen the 11th century. Who invented eyeglasses? Many theories abound for who should be credited for the invention of traditional eyeglasses. Despite reference to spectacles in China around 1270, the strongest evidence points to the invention of eyeglasses between 1280 and 1300 in Italy. 8 In 1676, Francesco Redi, a professor of medicine at the University of Pisa, wrote that he possessed a 1289 manuscript whose author stated that he would be unable to read or write were it not for the recent invention of glasses. Redi credits a Dominican friar, Alessandro da Spina of Pisa, with the re-invention of glasses after an original un-named inventor showed him how. Another candidate for first inventor is Salvino D'Armate, who is credited with inventing the first wearable eye glasses on September 16, 1284 in Italy. In 1684, Leopoldo del Migliore wrote that the church of Santa Maria Maggieor contained a memorial honouring D'Armati with the inscription: “Here lies Salvino degl' Armati, son of Armato of Florence, inventor of eyeglasses. May God forgive his sins. A.D. 1317.” The church has been rebuilt several times since the 13th century however, and this tomb no longer Cardinal Hugh de exists, so the claim cannot be verified. Provence– with The earliest pictorial evidence for the use of eyeglasses eyeglasses is Tommaso da Modena's 1352 portrait of the cardinal Hugh de Provence reading in a scriptorium. Later developments The American scientist Benjamin Franklin, who suffered from both myopia and presbyopia, adopted bifocals in 1784 to avoid having to regularly switch between two pairs of glasses although the claim that he actually invented them is disputed. The first lenses for correcting astigmatism* were constructed by Englishman George Airy in 1825. Despite the increasing popularity of contact Today over 60% of lenses and laser corrective eye surgery, glasses the population wear remain very common, as their technology has improved. For instance, it is now possible to glasses to correct purchase frames made of special memory metal some form of vision alloys that return to their correct shape after defect. being bent. Other frames have spring-loaded hinges.

Since the beginning of human history mankind has been plagued with limited vision, especially as old age set in, making the elderly totally reliant upon their children for support. How times have changed, thanks to the dedicated efforts of men of science down through history!

*Astigmatism is an optical defect in which vision is blurred due to the inability of the optics of the eye to focus a point object into a sharp focused image on the retina. This may be due to an irregular curvature of the cornea or lens. 9 Lee Kernaghan was born on April 15, 1964, in Corryong, Victoria on the foot- hills of the Snowy Mountains high country. The son of a truck driver and later multi-platinum recording artist Ray Kernaghan, Lee spent his formative years growing up in the Riverina country of Southern NSW. Lee’s grandfather was a third generation drover of sheep and cattle and Lee’s experiences on the road with his pop ran deep, inspiring much of his music. It hasn’t always been smooth sailing for Kernaghan who, after winning the 1982 Starmaker award soon found himself in the musical wilderness. Lee recalls: “I remember being on a real high after Starmaker but my first single didn’t have any impact on radio, and before long I was back in Albury, NSW trying to get gigs anywhere I could for me and my band. Nobody wanted to hear much country music back then so I was mainly singing pop/rock covers and some rock ‘n roll. I remember working in a piano bar playing cocktail music for a couple of years and even called bingo at the SS&A club between sets.” “Probably the darkest day was playing at the Carriers Arms Hotel in early 1990. I loaded in my PA and started playing at 8pm but a couple of hours went by and nobody turned up. At 11 pm the bar manager said I In Australia ARIA awards gold records could knock off and I loaded for 35 000 sales and platinum records all my gear back into this for 70 000 sales. Kernaghan has many little modified horse float I was towing, knowing that not multi-platinum sales to his credit.

10 a soul had turned up to my show, not even my mum!” However, things were about to change for Lee. In 1992 Lee released his first album, the ARIA award winning “.” His song “Boys from the Bush” became an instant number one hit. “When Garth (Porter) and I first wrote Boys from the Bush,” says Lee, “I had no idea it would ever be a hit. It was just a song about me and my mates, working on the land, going to the pub and tearing around in the Ute. I didn’t think anyone would be that interested in us…we were just kids from the bush.” Kernaghan had a winning formula, writing from the heart about his own life and that of his mates. Before long he had a band and was out on the road performing live. In January 1993 Kernaghan was awarded his first Golden Guitar for Song of the Year (Boys from the Bush) along with more Golden Guitars for Album of the Year (The Outback Club) and Male Vocalist of the Year. Kerna- ghan and Porter collaborated again in 1993 to produce the highly acclaimed “” album which fea- tured the smash hits “She’s my Ute,” “The Outback Club,” and the award winning duet “Leave him in the Longyard” with Slim Dusty. Three Chain Road won Lee a record of five Golden Guitars at the Awards, the 1994 ARIA

Award for Country Album of the Year Photo: Peter Moran and Double Platinum Certification Performing live at the Tamworth from the Australian Record Industry Country Music festival. Association. Throughout his career Lee has dominated the charts with successive hit albums including Three Chain Road, 1959, , Electric Rodeo, , The Big Ones and the #1 album . Awarded Hit Maker of the Decade in recognition of unprecedented chart success throughout the 90s Lee was recently named the biggest hit-maker of the last twenty years on the Australian Country Tracks Chart 2009 edging out musical greats from Australia and America for the number one position.

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Geelong has a lot to offer for the angler, with a wide range of fishing options in the region. Whether you are looking for freshwater rivers, lake fishing, bay or open ocean fishing the Geelong region has the perfect fishing spot for you. The region has good facilities with popular fishing spots having boat ramps, piers and jetties where you can try you luck and bag a catch. Corio Bay has plenty of shallow and protected waters where snapper, whiting and flathead are often caught. The Geelong Grammar School Lagoon is well known for its regular catches of big Flathead, Spotted Ling, Snapper and Gummy Sharks. The bay is easily accessible from Limeburners Point or St Helens right on the city’s doorstop or on the Bellarine Peninsular from Clifton Springs or Portarlington. Corio Bay fishing trips are available from Limeburners Bay. Corio Bay has several jetties where fishing is permitted including Western Beach, Limeburners Point and around the Northern beaches. Renowned in years gone by as a winter snapper fishery, Corio Bay and the Bellarine Peninsula are fast gaining a Simon Olsen with a 9.5kg reputation as a diverse sports fishery, all thanks to the Snapper taken from the inner Corio Bay harbour. modern range of soft plastic lures. Corio Bay's winter run of Snapper could be accidental because Snapper tend to move anti-clockwise around Port Phillip. This is from the time they first come through Port Phillip Heads in Spring, until they leave in Autumn. However, the full size range of Port Phillip and Corio Bay Snapper did not seem to be represented in Corio Bay during recent winters because larger fish, those over 5kg, seemed more common than smaller fish.

Thinking of going out in a boat at night? If you enjoy boat fishing there are hazards as well as rewards for fishing on the bay at night. Over the years there have been a number of collisions and other boating mishaps including breakdowns. Some folk have been lured into fishing out of very small, and in some cases, less than seaworthy craft because winter nights are often deceptively calm. Beware! Weather conditions can change quickly. There are also ―expert‖ types who put a premium on secrecy, anchoring up with no lights– a bad move considering other boaters are quite prepared to roar along, eyes firmly glued to the sounder, often with no lights on.

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Limeburners Bay

Refinery Pier

Point Lillias Lascelles Wharf

Corio Quay

Grain Pier Corio Bay

St Helens Pier Point Henry

Alcoa Wharf

Cunningham Pier Limeburners Point

Google maps

April and May are prime whiting The Ocean offers great catches with months inside Corio Bay. The fish Squid, Salmon, Snapper, Pike and Couta seem to come en masse and alert all being caught off many of our surf anglers are always waiting. beaches including Queenscliff, Pt Ross Winstanley is one angler that well Lonsdale, Ocean Grove, Barwon Heads, and truly has them worked out and Torquay, Anglesea and beyond. Beach always manages a feed on the cool fishing is also quite popular in these autumn mornings. parts, as is estuary fishing at Barwon Try to hit the water first or last light, have Heads, Anglesea and Breamlea. all your bait ready to go (pipis shucked, squid cut into small pieces) and switch to The Barwon and Moorabool Rivers one rod if they start biting. Ross swears offer good freshwater fishing with trout, by circle hooks as it reduces the throat bream and eel as do many of the lakes in hooked fish to near zero. the region. Yabbies are also plentiful in lakes and dams in the region.

To really enjoy fishing in the region remember the safety rules, fish sizes, baggage limits and ensure you have relevant fishing permits- and don’t forget the bait!

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Tutankhamen: became the ruler of Egypt when he was about 9 years old. He was born 1341BCE and died when he was about 18. Some studies of his remains suggest that he was killed by a blow to the head, but more recent analysis indicates that he died from an infection after breaking his leg, perhaps while hunting. Napoleon Bonaparte: was a military and political leader during the latter stages of the French Revolution. He was born on August 15, 1769 and died of an unidentified ailment on May 5, 182 at age 51, possibly from stomach cancer. Because traces of arsenic were later found in his remains, some have suggested he may have been fatally poisoned. He would be 242 years old if he was still alive today. Alexander The Great: The Macedonian conqueror was born 356 BCE. He died in 323BCE at the height of his power, aged 33. He died in Babylon after a bout of heavy drinking followed by days of fever. Some suggest he was poisoned, though no cause of death has ever been proven. Nicholas II of Russia: Emperor of Russia, he was born May 18, 1868. Nicholas II, his wife and children were all executed on July 17, 1918 as victims of the Russian Revolution. Because of the ruthless executions of his enemies he was nicknamed Bloody Nicholas. Despite this however, he was still canonised by the Russian Orthodox Church. He was 50 years old when he died, becoming the last Tsar of Russia to rule before the Communists took over. Marilyn Monroe: was an American actress. She was born on June 1, 1926 named Norma Jeane Mortenson (later baptised as Norma Jeane Baker). Raised in foster homes she eventually became one of the icons of America during the 1950’s and 1960’s. She died of a drug overdose on August 4, 1962 aged 36. She would be 85 years old if she was still alive today. James Dean: was an American actor. He was born February 8, 1931 and became the victim of a road accident on September 30, 1955 aged 24. Dean was the first actor to receive a posthumous Academy Award nomination for Best Actor and remains the only actor to have had two posthumous acting nomina- tions. He would be 80 years old if he were alive today. John Coleman: was an Essendon footballer from 1949-54. He was born on November 23, 1928 and died suddenly of coronary disease on April 5, 1973 aged 44. Considered by many to be the greatest full-forward in the game and arguably one of the greatest players ever, in his honour the Coleman Medal is awarded to the highest goal kicker for each season.

14 Peter Brock: was an Australian racing car driver. He was born February 26, 1945 and died in a racing car accident September 8, 2006 aged 61. Brock won at Bathurst a record nine times between 1972 and 1987. As a result, the Bathurst 1000 trophy is now named after him Steve Irwin: was an Australian wildlife expert and television personality. He also helped establish the Australia Zoo located north of Brisbane. His fear- lessness around crocodiles became legendary. Born on February 22, 1962, Steve died on September 4, 2006 being pierced in the chest by a stingray barb while filming on Australia's Great Barrier Reef. He was 44 years old. His death was mourned worldwide, especially in the USA where his ‘over-the- top’ antics and strong Australian accent were adored. River Phoenix: was an American actor. He was born August 23, 1970 and died of a drug overdose on the sidewalk outside the West Hollywood nightclub the Viper Room on October 31, 1993 at age 23. If he was alive today he would be 40. John F. Kennedy: was the American president from 1961-63. Born on May 29, 1917, he was assassinated in Dallas, Texas on November 22, 1963 aged 46. He was the youngest ever elected President (43 years old) and the only Catholic. He inspired his country to be the first to put a man on the moon. If he was alive today he would be 94 years old. Harold Holt: was the Australian Prime Minister from 1965-67. He was born August 5, 1908. His term as Prime Minister was brought to an early and dramatic end in December 1967 when he disappeared while swimming at Cheviot Beach near Portsea, Victoria, and was presumed drowned. He was aged 59. If he was alive today he would be 102 years old. Michael Hutchence: was the lead singer in an Australian band called INXS. He was born January 22,1960, and committed suicide on November 22,1997 aged 37. His private life was often reported in the Australian and international press, with a string of love affairs with prominent actresses, models and singers, most notably with UK television presenter, Paula Yates who also died before her time from a drug overdose. Ned Kelly: was the most infamous of all Australian Bushrangers. He was born in June 1854, and was hanged for murder in Melbourne on November 11, 1880 when he was 26 years old. His hand-made suit of bullet-proof armour is still rec- ognised by today’s generation as a symbol of defiance. If he was alive today he would be 156 years old. Adolf Hitler: was born April 20, 1889. As leader of Nazi Germany and instigator of World War II and the Holocaust he is responsible for some of the greatest atrocities in the modern era. He committed suicide on April 30, 1945 aged 56. If he was alive today he would be 122 years old. This is one person who definitely did not die before his time!! 15

The United Nations World Refugee Day is remembered on June 20 every year. This occasion respects the bravery, power and strength of mind of women, men and children who are required to flee their country under danger of discrimination and aggression. For years, many nations and districts had been holding events bringing attention to the plight of refugees. One of the most extensive proceedings was Africa Refugee Day, held on June 20 in many countries. In 2001 the UN General Assembly decided to hold World Refugee Day in conjunction with Africa Refugee Day. Refugee facts  At the end of 2008 there were 16 million refugees worldwide.  Countries with the most refugees in 2009 was Pakistan with 1.7 million, Iran with 1.1 million, Syria with 1.05 million, Germany with 593,800 and Jordan with 450,000.  Afghanistan has been the leading country of origin of refugees for the past 30 years. In 2009 one out of four refugees was from Afghanistan (2.9 million). Iraqis were the second largest refugee group, with 1.8 million having sought refuge primarily in neighbouring countries.  In 2009 there were 922,000 individual claims for asylum status of which 112,400 were resettled in 19 countries. The United States of America accepted the highest number (80,000).  Australia hosts one refugee for every 1,583 Australian citizens.  In 2009-10 the Australian Government granted 13,770 visas to refugees permitting them to stay in Australia.

Geelong Refugee Education Assistance Team - GREAT GREAT is a volunteer based homework support program aimed at assisting refugee school students with numeracy and literacy skill development. The volunteer program (run by Diversitat) provides free homework and English language support to refugee children in the Geelong region. Volunteers are an integral and valued part of the program and the program could not exist without their involvement. The tutoring takes place in the home of the students on a weekly basis. If you would like to volun- teer, learn more about the GREAT program, or attend an Induction Session- Phone: Stella Groves at Diversitat on Ph: 5221 6044 or Email: [email protected]

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The Ragdoll is a is a large and muscular semi-longhair cat breed with blue eyes and a soft and silky coat. The name "Ragdoll" is derived from the tendency of individuals from the original breeding stock to go limp and relaxed when picked up. In the 1960s Ann Baker started with a regular non-pedigreed white domestic longhaired Angora-kind cat named Josephine, who produced several litters of typical cats. Josephine was injured in an accident involving a car and taken to a veterinary hospital at the University of California. After she recovered, she produced kittens with an easy going temperament. When the subsequent litter produced more of the same, Ann Baker purchased several kittens from the owner, who lived behind her, and believing she had something special, set out to create what is now known as the Ragdoll. The breed was selectively bred over many years for desirable traits, such as large size, gentle demean- our and a tendency to go limp when picked up, as well as the striking pointed colouration. Since the spread of the Ragdoll breed in America during the early 1960s a breeding pair of Ragdolls was exported to the UK. This was followed by eight more cats to fully establish the breed in the UK, where it is recognised by the Governing Council of the Cat Fancy. In 1994, a second group decided to form their own group due to increasingly strict breeding restrictions. This group later established the Ragamuffin breed. Because Baker owned the rights to the name "Ragdoll," no offshoot groups could call their cats Ragdolls until the trademark on "Ragdoll" was not renewed in 2005. Physical characteristics The Ragdoll is one of the largest domesticated cat breeds with a sturdy, large frame and proportionate legs. A fully-grown female weighs from 3.6kg to 6.8kg. Males are larger, ranging from 5.4kg to 9.1kg or more. The genes for point colouration are also responsible for the blue eyes of the Ragdoll. Ragdolls come in six different colours - seal, chocolate, flame, blue, lilac and cream. This also includes the tortoiseshell pattern in all colours and the three patterns. All Ragdoll kittens are born white. They have good colour at 8-10 weeks and full colour and coat at 3-4 years. Temperament The docile and floppy nature of the Ragdoll is a characteristic thought to be passed down from the Persian and Siamese breed. The extreme docility of some individuals have led to the myth that the Ragdolls are pain-resistant. Breed standards describe the Ragdoll as affectionate, intelligent, relaxed in temperament, gentle and easy to handle. They make excellent pets.

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All followers of football know of the song ―Up There Cazaly,‖ named after a great Australian Rules footballer. But who was Cazaly? What do we know about him? Roy Cazaly was born at Albert Park in Melbourne on January 13, 1893. He was a strict non-smoker and non-drinker who avoided fried foods and insisted on a fresh food diet (unfashionable in those days). At only 180cm (5ft 11‖) and weighing 79.5kg (12st 7lbs) he was not a big man, but was able to outclass many much larger opponents as a ruckman and in marking contests. Cazaly represented Roy initially developed his marking ability by Victoria in 13 matches jumping at a ball strung up in a shed at his home, and held his breath as he jumped, an action that he believed lifted him higher. He made his professional debut for St Kilda in 1911, playing 99 matches for the Saints. He won the St Kilda best and fairest award in 1918 and captained the side in 1920. Transferring to South Melbourne in 1921 he ended up playing the same number of games for the Swans (99). After a break from the highest level of football he returned to coach South Melbourne in 1937-8 and later Hawthorn in 1942-3. The shout of ―Up there Cazaly‖ was first used by fellow South Melbourne team-mate Fred ―Skeeter‖ Fleater, a signal to signify

AFL Hall of Fame Legends There are currently 227 members of the AFL Hall of Fame including 22 that hold the title of Legend. Legend status is allocated to those coaches and players who have caused the game to change significantly for the better. The 12 original Legends of the Game, chosen in 1996 were:   Haydn Bunton Senior  John Nicholls  Roy Cazaly   John Coleman 

18 ―Up there Cazaly‖ by Mike Brady Well you work to earn a living Up there Cazaly But on weekends comes the time In there and fight You can do whatever turns you on Out there and at 'em Get out and clear your mind Show 'em your might Me, I like football Up there Cazaly And there's a lot of things around Don't let 'em in But when you line them up together Fly like an angel The footy wins hands down You're out there to win

Up there Cazaly Up there Cazaly In there and fight You're out there to win Out there and at 'em In there and at 'em Show 'em your might Don't let 'em in Up there Cazaly Up there Cazaly Don't let 'em in Show 'em your hide Fly like an angel Fight like the devil You're out there to win The crowd's on your side

Now there's a lot more things to foot Uuuuuuuuuup there Cazaly ball In there and fight Than really meets the eye Out there and at 'em There are days when you could give Show 'em your might it up Up there Cazaly There are days when you could fly Show 'em your hide You either love or hate it Fight like the devil Depending on the score The crowd's on your side But when your team run out or they kick a goal The crowd's on your side How's the mighty roar that Cazaly was free to run through and leap for the ball. He was incredibly fit and possessed the ability, not only to take spectacular marks but to also to kick the ball 65 metres. The famous line of ―Up there Cazaly‖ was used as a bat- tle cry by Australian soldiers during World War II. Modern followers of the game best remember the cry as immor- talised in song by Mike Brady in 1979. In 2009 THE AUSTRALIAN named Cazaly as one of the 25 greatest foot- ballers to never win a . Roy Cazaly as coach in He died on October 10, 1963, aged 70. the 1930’s 19

Eastern Cemetery The first recorded burial was that of Hugh Niven on the September 23, 1839. Sections of the cemetery were originally administered by the main denominational churches, each with their own Sexton and gravediggers. In 1877 a General Trust was formed and in 1907 the Roman Catholic and Jewish sections also joined. Many of the town's original pioneers who settled the Western District, are buried at the cemetery - Thomson, Chirnside, Armytage, Austin, Ormond, Fyans, Harrison - to name but a few. As Geelong's port attracted many during the gold rushes, immigrants from all parts of the world arrived and headstones reflect the various countries from which they had sailed. The Eastern Cemetery (along with the Mt. Moriac cemetery) were the only ones to have consecrated ground for Catholic burials and therefore most Catholic burials, even from the outlying areas of Geelong, were performed at these cemeteries.

Highton (Barrabool Hills) Cemetery Early settlers had established vineyards, sheep farms, quarrying and cropping. Of the 220 original families to settle the area, 52 (almost a quarter) came from the south western counties of England (Devon, Cornwell, and Somerset); 48 from the other English counties, 36 from Switzerland; 24 from Scotland and 60 from Ireland. On the November 10, 1855 a meeting was held at the "Race Course" hotel, Ceres, to discuss the establishment of a cemetery for Geelong’s western districts. The Trust applied for a Government grant which enabled a Sexton's office to be built, fences and gates erected and insurance against bushfires! No doubt the horror of Black Thursday 1850, still fresh in residents' minds! Cemetery Motto - 1855 "Our God is the God of Salvation And unto God the Lord, Belong the Issues from Death"

Source: http://www.gct.net.au/historic.html 20 International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking

June 26 In 1987, the UN General Assembly decided to Help for drug users: observe June 26 as the International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking as an expression Barwon Health Drug of its determination to strengthen action and & Alcohol Services cooperation to achieve the goal of an international society free of drug abuse. Ph: 5273 4000 Some facts about drugs: The health and social impacts of alcohol, tobacco and The average age other drug use are substantial. In 2004/05, the total cost of that a person is drug use in Australia was estimated to be $55.5 billion. Of introduced to illicit this, tobacco smoking accounted for $31.5 billion, alcohol drugs is 18 years of misuse $15.3 billion, illicit drugs $8.2 billion. age.

In 2008-09, 83,250 drug arrests were In the year 2008-09, 13 tonnes of illicit made by police in Australia—up drugs were seized in Australia and 449 8.4% in the last 4 years. clandestine laboratories were detected.

 Some boldly think that drugs won’t While not illegal, tobacco and heavy affect them negatively. alcohol consumption are two of the  Some claim their drug use helps leading causes for social and personal suppress physical pain. health problems in Australia.  Some people feel drugs help them cope with stress and life’s problems. Over one-third of all Australian adults  Some take drugs just for a thrill or out admit trying illicit drugs at least once of curiosity. and at least 15% use drugs regularly. They are all fooling themselves!

Nearly one-third of About 1,500 people Illicit drug makers, and sellers have adults between the die every year in only one interest—making money. ages of 18-29 use Australia as a direct They certainly don’t care about the drugs regularly. result of drug use. drug user’s health or happiness! 21

The Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement began almost 150 years ago when on a hot June day in 1859 Henry Dunant, a Swiss banker travelling on business in northern Italy, witnessed the aftermath of the Battle of Solferino a horrifying and bloody conflict between 300,000 soldiers from Imperial Austria and the Franco-Sardinian Alliance. On that day and the days that followed 40,000 Red Cross founder- men either died or lay wounded on the battle- Henry Dunant field bleeding and tormented by thirst, hunger, flies and burning heat. The dead were thrown into huge pits, along with others seriously injured but alive nonetheless. Amid the stench and sounds of pain and anguish, thieves moved from person to person, robbing both the wounded and the dead. Moved by the sight of the appalling injuries suffered by these young men, Dunant rallied villagers from the town of Castiglione della Pieve to assist and tend the wounded. In 1862 Dunant published his recollection of this experience as ―A Memory of Solferino‖ and remained convinced that the power of humanity could be engaged to alleviate suffering on a global scale. Vulnerable people exist in all societies, he argued, and Nobel Prize for Peace should be afforded the same The humanitarian work of the Red care and consideration. Cross has been recognised four His wartime experiences times by the prestigious Nobel inspired Dunant to propose: Foundation in Norway. The Move- 1. A permanent relief agency ment’s founder, Henry Dunant, was for humanitarian aid in times the recipient of the first ever Nobel of war. Prize for Peace in 1901. The International Committee of the 2. A government treaty recog- Red Cross has been awarded the nizing the neutrality of the Prize twice in 1917 and 1944. In agency and allowing it to 1963 the ICRC and the Interna- provide aid in a war zone. tional Federation of Red Cross The former proposal led to the (IFRC) were joint recipients.

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establishment of the Red Cross. The latter led to the First Geneva Convention. For both of these accomplishments, H e n r i D u n a n t became co-recipient of the first Nobel Peace Prize in 1901. The signing of the first Geneva Convention—in 1864 (See box: Nobel Prize for Peace) Geneva Conventions In 1864, an agreement signed by 12 European nations meeting in Geneva, Switzerland, provided that, during future wars in which they were engaged, they would care for all sick and wounded military personnel, regardless of nationality. It was entitled the Geneva Convention—the first of four such meetings held between 1864 and 1949. The 1949 Geneva Convention resulted in a revision of the first three Geneva Conventions which detailed care for the wounded and sick in armed forces in the field; wounded, sick and ship- wrecked armed forces at sea; and treatment for prisoners of war. It also brought agreement on protection and care for civilians caught up in war. These agreements were legally binding upon defence force personnel regardless of which side they were fighting on. In 1977, at another Geneva conference, two additional Protocols were finalised and have since been adopted by over half the countries in the world. They extended the provisions of the four Conventions and introduced new principles of protection in the case of international and non-international (i.e. internal) armed conflicts. As of the end of January The Geneva Conventions and Additional 2008, Australian Red Protocols may be seen as almost 750 Cross had more than 50 separate articles, often reflecting the aid workers on overseas need to reach a compromise between assignments in 20 the differing views of the nations which countries around the drafted them. But the underlying world.

23 principles can be simply stated:  dignity of all individuals must be respected at all times  everything possible must be done, without any form of discrimination, to reduce the suffering of those who take no direct part in the conflict or are no longer engaged in the conflict because of sickness, injury or captivity. Today After almost 150 years the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement continue to unite millions of men, women and children all around the world. To date 189 countries have ratified the Geneva Conventions (the only one not to sign is the island country of Nauru which constitutionally denies war as a means of resolving conflict). Under the terms of the Geneva Conventions, the International Committee of the Red Cross undertakes the role of neutral intermediary in times of armed conflict, providing protection and assistance to victims, visiting detainees, providing medical care to the sick and wounded, and tracing and reuniting separated families. In times of peace, the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies supports the development of humanitar- ian activities by National Societies. This ranges from emergency relief after natural disaster; the development of new social welfare initiatives; caring for refugees or simply the provision of comfort for the vulnerable of any society. The Australian Red Cross in Geelong Ph: 5223 8700  Community Visitors Scheme– Friendship for those in aged care.  Telecross– Daily phone call to isolated and at-risk people at home.  S.A.M. (Save a mate)- Supporting young people at risk of overdosing.  Good Start Breakfast Club– Providing breakfast for children at Primary Schools  Single Incident Emergency Assistance– Supports the SES during local emergency situations plus provides ongoing essential needs for several days afterward.  ACE– Emotional support for patients and families in the Emergency Department at the Geelong Hospital. 24 Geelong Football Club Word Search C R R E P M U J O H N S O N G N I L T F H U N T P A S D C B M O O N S E K N A R F O O T B A L L R R G L L N S E R P L R O T R P S N N G G S L R D E L L I K S L O P S S K O I T O I N O E L E H E D W M T R A I N I N G A C Y S Y T S O N E A L E P C G E H T R T O T I L R L Y P H F B D K R T S A A O A N U B E O S N A T M N G M C V C D W B B R S I S A R W N U A T A S L O L A I T S B M M M N K C N H R Y R I K P N T E P W E E M K A S G L B M E M I A H L B G L R I M O E I T R P U O Y I O W P A O E P T K C E O T R P L N M C O O L C A T A O M D I D A O D I C R O W D H E L R S R A O H R R S I V A D A C N B E S A A W P M L H L S L C H O S E Y U F L B C ABBLET SNR EIGHT KELLY SCARLETT BARTEL ENRIGHT KICK SCOTT BEHIND FARMER LING SELWOOD BLAKE FRANK LONERGAN SKILLED BROWNLESS FOOTBALL MACKIE STANDS BROWNLOW GOALPOST MILBURN STOKES CATS GOALS MOONS TAYLOR CHAPMAN GOGGIN NUMBERS TOMAHAWK COLEMAN HANDPASS OTTENS TRAINING COOLCAT HARLEY PODSIADLY UMPIRE COREY HUNT POINTS VARCOE CROWD JOHNSON PREMIERSHIP WADE DAVIS JUMPER SAM 25

Aphrodite is the Greek goddess of love, beauty, and sexuality. Her Roman equivalent is the goddess Venus. Historically, her worship in ancient Greece can be traced back to the Phoenician goddess Astarte and the earlier Babylonian fertility goddess, Ishtar (from which we get the word Easter along with its’ modern celebration each Autumn*). Because of Aphrodite’s beauty other gods feared that jealousy would interrupt the peace among them and lead to war, and so Zeus married her to Hephaestus, who was not viewed as a threat. Aphrodite had many lovers, both gods like Ares, and men like Anchises. Bust of Aphrodite discovered Many lesser beings were said to be children of among ancient ruins. Aphrodite. “Foam-arisen” Aphrodite was born from the sea foam near Paphos, Cyprus after Cronus severed Uranus’ genitals and threw them behind him into the sea. Hesiod’s Theogony described that the genitals were carried over the sea a long time, and white foam arose from the immortal flesh. Within it a girl grew to become Aphrodite. Aphrodite floated ashore on a scallop shell. When she arose, she was hailed as “Cyprian,” and is referred to as such often. Later, the gods and goddesses as well as various mortals were invited to the marriage of Peleus and Thetis (the eventual parents of Achilles). Only the goddess Eris (Discord) was not invited. However, she came anyway with a golden apple inscribed with the words “to the fairest one”, which she threw among the goddess. Aphrodite, Hera, and Athena all claimed to be the fairest, and thus the rightful owner of the apple. The goddesses chose to place the matter before Zeus who, not wanting to favour one of the goddesses, put the choice into the hands of Paris. Hera tried to bribe Paris with Asia Minor, while Athena offered wisdom, fame and glory in battle, but Aphrodite whispered to Paris that if he were to choose her as the fairest he would have the most beautiful mortal woman in the world as a wife, and so he accordingly chose her. This woman was named Helen. The other goddesses were enraged by this and, beginning with Helen’s abduction, the Trojan War was fought. In another Greek myth, Aphrodite became jealous of the beautiful Medusa. Out of spite she placed the curse of snakes for hair and the stone-gaze upon Medusa and her sisters. *Originating as a pagan fertility (sex) festival, today Easter still maintains the fertility symbols of the rabbit and the egg. 26 Geelong– 150 years ago this month “The Presbyterian portion of our community have lately exhibited, considering the general complaint of dull times and scarcity of money, a most praiseworthy liberality in contribut- ing towards the erection of two new churches, which will cost jointly £6,200. This money has all been subscribed, and speaks well for the Scottish character, and for their devotion and adherence to the Presbyterian faith. One of the churches is for the Rev. J. A. Campbell, and will be erected at the corner of Ryrie-street and La Trobe-terrace, at a cost of £3,000. The other is for the Rev. Mr. Fraser, lately called from Singapore to preside over the congregation of the late Mr. Tait, and will cost £3,200. It is proposed to erect it near the Post- Office. It is very gratifying to find that if commerce is at a low ebb, and in a rotten state, there is no lack of healthy, sound religious principles among one section at least of our community.” Presbyterian Church– Ryrie St (The Argus: Thursday, June 13, in 1866. The steeple was demolished in 1913, but the 1861 p.5) rest of the building remains to this day.

About this brochure: This brochure has been produced as a community service by participants in the Work For The Dole scheme at Workskil- Corio branch office. This is part of a Job Services Australia initiative. All comments and views expressed in this publication are the opinions of the participants in the scheme and not necessarily the views of Workskil or Job Services Australia. If you have any comments about information contained in this brochure, or suggestions for future brochures within the Geelong area please write to: Workskil WFTD Unit 1001 Corio Shopping Centre. Bacchus Marsh Rd. Corio 3214 Ph: (03) 5245 3000

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1866

E. de Balk. Alfred Deakin Prime Ministerial Library Wesleyan Chapel—96 Yarra Street. A Methodist congregation was established in Geelong in 1838. Eight years later the original chapel was built. Since then, the Wesleyan Chapel has undergone continu- ous refinements. For example, the original stone exterior was rendered in 1904 creating the smooth finish we still see today behind the McDonalds Restaurant.

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