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WASTE MANAGEMENT Pi2kN _ I li II II Ii III . I I II I I ORNL/RAp/Sub--87/990S3/I0 fo r t h e DE92 008213 Oak Pddge National Laboratory Remedial Investigation/ Feasibility Study April 1988
U. S. Department of Energy Oak Ridge Operations Office
...... i II ...... ,,m _ _ I i J I1 iiiii IJ i iii i i i
Prepared b y ,r _,.,,,!'_1,_' Bechtel National Inc ' CH2M Hill • EDGe • PEER
for - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Operated by 0 Ma_kn Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. DISTFIIf:ttJTION OF THIS DOC_l'vl_'41 I:_ UNLIMI-I._E_
...... -- -" i I ii ___ i _-- .... .: ' ,' /
This report has been reproduceddirectly from the best availablecopy.
Available to DOE and DOE contractorsfrom the Office of Scientificand Techni- cal Information,P.O. Box 62, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; prices availablefrom (615) 576-8401, ITS 626-8401.
Available to the public from the Natlonal Technical In/ormatlon Servlce, U.S. Department of Commerce,5286 Port Royal Rd., Spflngfleld,VA 2E161. NTIS price cod_--Pflnted Copy: AIO MicroficheAO1
"l'_d report wes prepared as sn account of work sponsored by sn agency of tha United States Government. Neither the United State8 Governmentnor any agency t_reof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied,or _ any legal liability or responsibilityfor the accuracy, com- pletenese, or ueslulee_ of any Informatlon,apparatus,productor, procees dis- closed, or represents that its use would not irrfrlngeprivately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific cornmerc_alproduct, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer,or otherwise, does not neceuarily conot_ ttrteor iml_y lte endorsement,recornmendstton,or favoringby the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Governmentor any 8=--_.,ncythereof. ORNL/RAP/Sub-87/99053/10
WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR THE
.. OAK RIDGENATIONAL LABORATORY REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION/FEASIBILITY STUDY
APRIL 1988
Report Prepared by Bechtel National, Inc. P. O. Box 350 Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830 under Subcontract 30B-99053C
for
Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
Operated by MARTIN MARIETTA ENERGY SYSTEMS, INC. for the U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY under Contract DE-AC05-84OR21400
DISTRIIBt.,ITI,ON OF THIS DOCUME.AIT IS L!NLIMITEII3, TABLE OF CONTENTS
O Page 1.0 Introduction I-I
2.0 Responsibilities and Authorities 2-1 2.1 Energy Systems 2-1 2.1.1 RI/FS Subcontract Project Manager 2-1 2.i.2 Technical Coordinator 2-1 2.1.3 Field Coordinator 2-3 2.2 BNl Team 2-3 2.2.1 Program Manager 2-3 2.2.2 Environmental, Safety and Health Manager 2-3 2.2.3 Deputy Program Manager 2-4 2.2.4 Field Services and Support Manager 2-5 2.2.5 Field Health and Safety Supervisor 2-5 2.2.6 Health and Safety Technicians 2-5 2.2.7 Project-Wide Responsibility 2-6
3.0 Training 3-1
4.0 Laws, Regulations, and Procedures 4-1 4.1 Laws 4-1 4.2 Regulations 4-2 4.3 ORNL Procedures 4-4 4.4 RI/FS Project Procedures 4-4
5.0 Waste Classification 5-1 5.1 Radiological Waste Constituents 5-1 5.2 Chemical Waste Constituents 5-2 5.3 Waste Generation 5-3 5.4 Waste Volumes 5-3
6.0 Waste Handling 6-1 6.1 Solid Waste Definitions 6-I 6.1.i Low-Level Radioactive Waste 6-1 6.1.2 I°LW Except ions 6-1 6.1.3 TRU Wastes 6-7 6.1.4 Hazardous/Mixed/TSCA Wastes 6-7 6.1.5 Conventional Waste 6-7 6.2 Liquid Waste Definitions 6-7 6.2.1 Radioactive Liquid Waste 6-12 6.2.2 Hazardous/Mixed/TSCA Liquid Waste 6-12 6.2.3 Conventional Liquid Waste 6-12 6.3 Collection of Waste Materials 6-12 6.3. I Training 6-13 6.3.2 Minimization 6-13 6.3.3 Containment 6-16 6.3.4 Health and Safety Monitoring 6-17 6.4 Characterization and Segregation 6-17 6.4.1 Characterization and Segregation of Soils 6-18 6.4.2 Characterization and Segregation of Liquid 6-24 Wastes 6.4.3 Characterization and Segregation of 6-25 Laboratory Wastes
0988m ii TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
Paqe
6.5 Solid Waste Packaging and Certification 6-25 6.5.1 Category i: Low-Range Compactible LLW 6-26 6.5.2 Category 2: Low-Range Noncompactible LLW 6-26 6.5.3 Category 3: High-Range LLW " 6-27 6.5.4 Category 4: High-Range LLW (Special Case) 6-27 6.5,5 Category 5: U-235 Waste 6-28 6.5.6 Category 6: Suspect LLW 6-28 6.5.7 Category 7" Radioactive Asbestos Waste 6-29 6.5.8 Category 8: Contact-Handled TRU Waste 6-30 6.5.9 Category 9: Remote-Handled TRU Waste 6-31 6.5.10 Category I0: Characteristic Hazardous Waste 6-31 6.5.11 Category Ii: Listed Hazardous Waste 6-31 6.5.12 Category 12: Characteristic and Listed 6-32 Hazardous Waste 6.5.13 Category 13: LLW Mixed Characteristic Waste 6-32 6..5.14 Category 14: LLW Mixed Liquid Waste 6-32 6.5.15 Category 15: I,LW Mixed Characteristic and 6-33 Listed Waste 6.5.16 Category 16: TRU Mixed Waste 6-33 6.5.17 Category 17: LLW Exception Mixed Character- 6-34 istic Waste 6.5.18 Category 18: LLW Exception Mixed Listed 6-34 Waste 6.5.19 Category 19: LLW Exception Mixed Character- 6-34 istic and Listed Waste 6.5.20 Category 20: TSCA Waste 6-35 6.5.21 Category 21: Radioactive TSCA Waste 6-35 6.5.22 Category 22: Disposable Conventional Waste 6-36 6.5.23 Category 23: Scrap Metal Waste 6-36 6.5.24 Category 24: Recyclable Waste 6-37 6.6 Soil Handling Criteria 6-37 6.6.1 Category I Soils 6-37 6.6.2 Category II Soils 6-37 6.6.3 Category III Soils 6-38 6.7 Liquid Waste Packaging and Certification 6-38 6.7.1 Category I: PWTP Waste 6-38 6.7.2 Category 2: Low-Level Liquid Waste 6-39 6.7.3 Category 3: TRU Liquid Waste 6-39 6.7.4 Category 4: Characteristic Hazardous 6-39 Liquid Waste 6.7.5 Category 5: Listed Hazardous Liquid 6-39 Waste 6.7.6 Category 6" Characteristic and Listed 6-40 Hazardous Liquid Waste 6.7.7 Category 7: Mixed PWTP Waste 6-40 6.7.8 Category 8: Mixed Low-Level Liquid Waste 6-40 6.7.9 Category 9: Mixed TRU Liquid Waste 6-40 6.7.10 Category I0: TSCA Liquid Waste 6-40 6.7.11 Category II: Radioactive TSCA Liquid Waste 6-41
r
0988m iii TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
Page
6.7.12 Category 12: Uncontaminated Liquid Waste 6-41 6.7.13 Category 13: Sanitary Liquid Waste 6-41 6.7.14 Category 14: Recyclable Oil 6-42 6._ Waste Package Transportation 6-42 6.8.1 Solid Wastes 6-43 6.8.2 Liquid Waste 6-45
7.0 Records 7-1
References R-I
Attachment A: Charactecistics of a Hazardous Waste A-I Attachment B: Lists of Hazardous Wastes B-I Attachment C" Health, Safety, and Environmental C-I Protection Procedure for Excavating Operation
0988m iv LIST OF FIGURES
Fiqure Title '
2-1 Energy Systems and BNI Team Interfaces and 2-2 Organization for Waste Management Program
6-1 Solid Waste Categories Segregation Chart 6-6
6-2 Liquid ,Waste Categories Segregation Chart 6-11
0988m v LIST OF TABLES
Tabie Title Page
4-1 ORNL Environmental Protection Manual 4-5 Waste Management Procedures
5-1 Summary of Available Data on Contaminant Types 5-4 and Inventories of Wastes by Waste Area Grouping, ORNL
5-2 Summary of Known Hazardous Chemicals/Compounds 5-10 Currently Used and/or Treated at ORNL
6-1 Categories of Solid Waste at Oak Ridge 6-2 National Laboratory
6-2 Guides for Unrestricted Release 6-8
6-3 Categories of Liquid Waste at Oak Ridge 6-9 National Laboratory
6-4 Health-Based Soil Concentration Criteria 6-20
A-I Maximum Concentration of Contaminants for Characteristic of EP Toxicity A-5
B-I Hazardous Wastes from Nonspecific Sources B-3
B-2 Hazardous Wastes from Specific Sources B-4
B-3 Acute Hazardous Discarded Commercial Products B-7 Off-Specification Species, Container Residues, and Spill Residues Thereof
B-4 Discarded Commercial Chemical Products, B-II Off-Specification Species, Container Residues, and Spill Residues Thereof
0988m vi ACRONYMS:
ALARA As Low as Reasonably Achievable BNI Bechtel National, Inc. CAS Chemical Abstract Service
CEQ Council on Environmental Quality CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
CFR Code of Federal Regulations CG Concentration Guide
CSL Close Support Laboratory DOE Department of Energy DOL Department of Labor DOT Department of Transportation DP Deputy Program , EMC Environmental Moni_toring and Compliance EP Extraction Procedure
EPA Environmental Protect ion Agency EPM Environmental Protection Manual
O ES&H Environmental, Safety and Health FHS Field Health and Safety FSS Field Services and Support GC Gas Chromatography GCO Generator Certification Officer
GM Geiger Muller H&S Health and Safety HEPA High Efficiency Particulate Air HF Hydrofracture
HFIR High Flux Isotope Reactor HRE Homogeneous Reactor Experiment HWP Hazardous Work Permit
LLLW Low-Level Liquid Waste LLW Low-Level Waste
NACE National Association of Corrosion Engineers NEPA National Environmental Policy Act NHF New Hydrofracture Facility
0988m vii ACRONYMS (Continued)
NRC Nuclear Regulatory Commission OHF Old Hydrofracture Facility ORNL Oak Ridge National Laboratory ORR Oak Ridge Reservation P&E Plant and Equipment PCB Polychlorinated Biphenyl PPE Personal Protective Equipment PWTP Process Waste Treatment Plant RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act RFA RCRA Facilities Assessment RFI RCRA Facility Investigation RI Remedial Investigation RI/FS Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study SWMU Solid Waste Management Unit SWSA Solid Waste Storage Area TDHE Tennessee Department of Health and Environment TRU Transuranic TSCA Toxic Substances Control Act WAG Waste Area Grouping ' WEAF Waste Examination Assay Facility WOC White Oak Creek WOL White Oak Lake
0988m viii ABBREVIATIONS
Bq/g Becquerel per gram Bq/kg _ Becquerel per kilogram Bq/L Becquerel per liter 2 Bq/100 cm Becquerel per one hundred square centimeters dpm/100 cm 2 Disintegrations per minute per one hundred square centimeters g gram mrad/h milliroentgen absorbed dose per hour mrem/h milliroentgen equivalent man per hour mSv/h millisievert per hour nCi/g nanocurie per gram nCi/mL nanocurie per milliliter rem/h z,_oentgen equivalent man per hour Sv/h sievert per hour uCi/g microcurie per gram uCi/L microcurie per liter uCi/mL microcurie per milliliter uGy/h microgray per hour
0988m ix 1.0 INTRODUCTION
It is the policy of Bechtel National, Inc. (BNI) and its subcontractors to minimize the generation of waste. When waste is generated, Remedial Investigstion/Feasibility Study (RI/FS) project field activities will be conducted in accordance with the RI/FS
waste management program, an integrated effort comprising Martinq Marietta Energy Systems (Energy Systems) policies and procedures,
this Waste Management Plan, and Rf/FS project procedures.
During the course of the RI/FS project, waste materials wi-ll be generated as a result of field investigation activities. As a guidance document for the waste management program, the Waste Management Plan establishes those standards, criteria, waste
handling and packaging requirements, and RI/FS project interfaces necessary to ensure proper collection, identification, segregation, classification, packaging, and certification of waste materials. The guidelines established in the Waste Management Plan will help
O ensure RI/FS project compliance with federal, state, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), and Energy Systems' regulations, policies, and procedures.
In accordance with the requirements of the Rf/FS project Quality Assurance Plan, the Waste Management Plan establishes clear lines of responsibility and authority, documentation requirements, and operational guidance for the collection, identification,
segregation, classification, packaging, certification, and storage/disposal of wastes. These subjects are discussed in the subsequent sections of this document.
Du_ing the course of RI/FS activities, changes in waste management procedures may occur due to implementation of DOE Order 5820.2,
through recommendations made by the Low Level Waste Disposal Development and Demonstration Program. Changes may occur in waste classification and packaging requirements, both of which may also
0980m I-i result in increased costs. This plan will be amended appropriately, as necessary to reflect any future changes in waste management practices.
_ 0980m 1-2 11 m 2.0 RESPONSIBILITIES AND AUTHORITIES
Q Ultimate responsibility for waste management at ORNL resides with Energy Systems. For the ORNL RI/FS project, this responsibility has been extended to the BNI Team, which will exercise its
responsibilities and authorities through interface with, and guidance from, Energy Systems. Specifically, BNl shall be responsible for the collection, identification, segregation, classification, packaging, and certification of wastes generated by RI/FS project field activities. Both BNI and Energy Systems will be responsible for pickup and delivery of packaged wastes to treatment, storage, or disposal locations.
The relationships o£ key Energy Systems and BNI positions as they relate to waste management, are depicted in Figure 2-1. The waste management responsibilities and authorities for these positions are defined in the following subsections. Comprehensive descriptions of the overall project organization, responsibilities, and authorities are contained in the ORNL RI/FS Project Management Plan (BNI, 1987a).
2.1 ENERGY SYSTEMS
2.1.1 RI/FS Subcontract Project Manager
The ORNL RI/FS Subcontract Project Manager (Project Manager) has prime responsibility and authority for the technical, financial, and administrative performance of the overall Rf/FS Program, including that of waste management. The Project Manager is also responsible for ensuring that waste management program plans, procedures, and field activities implement and comply with applicable, relevant, and appropriate federal, state, DOE, and ORNL requirements.
2.1.2 Technical Coordinator
The Technical Coordinator reports directly to the Project Manager and is the primary contact between BNI management and the ORNL O technical divisions (e.g., Environmental Sciences, Energy, ENERGY SYSTEMS RI/FS SUBCONTRACT PROJECTMANAGER
LEGEND ,, DIRECTORGANIZATIONALINTERFACES J =--=.-..- =- ENERGYSYSTEMSOPERATIONAL/REPORTINGINTERFACES ...... •- BNlOPERATIONAL/REPORTINGINTERFACES -.-,e.,._.=.-e.,,,_ ENERGYSYSTEMS- BNl INTERFACES
FIGURE 2- 1 ENERGY SYSTEMS AND BNl TEAM INTERFACES AND ORGANIZATION FOR WASTE MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
2-2 Analytical Chemistry, Chemical Technology, Nuclear and Chemical Waste Programs). The Technical Coordinator provides programmatic guidance to the BNI Environmental, Safety and Health (ES&H) Manager for waste management matters.
2. i. 3 Field Coordinator
The Field Coordinator reports directly to the Project Manager and is the primary contact between BNI's field operations and various ORNL service and support organizations (e.g., Laboratory Protection, Plant and Equipment, Environ_aental Compliance and Health Protection, Project and Construction Engineering). The Field Coordinator provides the necessary interface between BNI Field Services and Support (FSS) Manager and ORNL Waste Operations. The Field Coordinator will audit BNI field operations for compliance with applicable waste management procedures, policies, permits, regulations, statutes, and laws. The Field Coordinator's authorities include _ the right to stop work.
2.2 BNI TEAM
2.2.1 Program Manager
The Program Manager is the senior BNI manager for the RI/FS project. The Program Manager oversees the technical and programmatic activities of the waste management program, making certain that it satisfies Energy Systems' and RI/FS project procedural requirements. When changes or modifications to the Waste Management Plan and/or applicable project procedures are dictated, the Program Manager interfaces with the Energy Systems Project Manager to verify concurrence.
2.2.2 Environmental, Safety and Health Manager
In waste management matters, the ES&H Manager is directly responsible to the Program Manager. This responsibility includes
0981m 2-3 the development and technical overview of the waste management program.
The ES&H Manager is responsible for interfacing with the Energy Systems Technical and Field Coordinators to ensure continuing applicability of the Waste Management Plan and applicable project procedures. This responsibility includes notifying the Program Manager of the need for changes to the Waste Management Plan and/or procedures and, with his concurrence, implementing the changes.
The ES&H Manager is also responsible for the following:
o Training of personnel who collect, identify, segregate, classify, package, and transport waste materials (in accordance with Energy Systems and RI/FS project procedures, and applicable federal, state, and DOE requirements)
o Auditing RI/FS project field activities for compliance with procedural requirements
o Timely and effective interface with Energy Systems Technical
O and Fieldpractices Coordinators regarding waste management policies
The ES&H Manager has the authority to halt any RI/FS project
activity determined to be in noncompliance with waste management program policies, plans, or procedures.
2.2.3 Deputy Proqram Manager
The Deputy Program (DP) Manager reports directly to the Program
Manager, and, when the Program Manager is absent or so designates, functions as acting Program Manager. The DP Manager is responsible for overall coordination and support of RI/FS project field activities. As such, the DP Manager is specifically responsible for coordination of Rf/FS project field waste management activities, assuring that they comply with the provisions of the Waste Management Plan and its implementing procedures.
0981m 2-4 22.4 Field Services and Support Manaqer
The FSS Manager reports to the DP Manager and is directly responsible for directing and supporting Rf/FS project field activities and ensuring field compliance with RI/FS project waste management procedures. The FSS Manager is also responsible for interfacing with the Energy Systems Field Coordinator for logistical support to the waste management program.
2.2.5 Field Health and Safety Supervisor
The Field Health and Safety (FHS) Supervisor reports directly to the ES&H Manager and is responsible for ensuring that waste collection, identification, segregation, classification, packaging, certifications and transportation activities are conducted in compliance with RI/FS project procedures. The FHS Supervisor is responsible for certification o£ waste packages in accordance with ORNL procedures, and is designated the Generator Certification
Officer (GCO). The FHS supervisor work.s with the FSS Manager, or designee, to ensure timely and effective execution o£ these responsibilities.
In the FSS Manager's absence, the FHS Supervisor has authority to interface directly with the Energy Systems Field Coordinator regarding disposition of waste materials. The FHS supervisor also has the authority to halt any RI/FS project field activity determined to be in noncompliance with applicable RI/FS project plans and procedures.
2.2.6 Health and Safety Technicians
Health and Safety (H&S) Technicians report directly to the FHS Supervisor and are responsible for surveying, sampling, and measuring waste materials for the purposes of segregation and classification. H&S Technicians are also responsible for completing appropriate portions o£ forms and for posting and placarding in O accordance with RI/FS project procedures.
0981m 2-5 H&S Technicians are responsible to the FHS Supervisor for auditing waste management program field activities to ensure proper packaging and handling of waste materials. H&S Technicians have authority to halt work whenever a RI/FS field activity is determined to be in noncompliance with applicable plans and procedures.
2.2.7 Project-Wide Responsibility
Each individual assigned to the RI/FS project is responsible for adherence to the Waste Management Plan and its implementing project
procedures.
0981m 2-6 3.0 TRAINING
Personnel responsible for classifying and packaging waste materials
will be provided specific waste management training. As a minimum, this training will include the following:
o Waste classification criteria
o Classification techniques and requirements
o Packaging requirements
o Waste minimization
BNI will provide training on waste segregation, classification, and packaging. All personnel who package and/or certify waste must attend, and successfully complete, the Energy Systems' training course, "Segregation of Hazardous Waste from Solid Low-Level Waste
-- Inspector Training Program." Personnel responsible for packaging and/or certification of transuranic (TRU) waste must attend, and successfully complete, Energy Systems' "TRU Waste Certification O Training."
i In addition to the waste classification t_aining provided by Energy Systems, BNl will provide training for techniques and criteria as appropriate for project-specific work conducted at specific Waste Area Groupings (WAGs). BNI training requirements are contained in Project Procedure 1404, "Waste Management Training."
BNI will document the successful completion of all Energy Systems and BNI training courses. BNI will provide Energy Systems with names and appropriate identification of individuals successfully completing each course. Individuals failing to successfully complete required training will not be permitted to participate in waste management activities.
0982m 3-1 4.0 LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND PROCEDURES ',
Waste management opecations at ORNL are conducted in accordance with
applicable federal and state laws and regulations and DOE Orders. i_ Compliance with applicable provisions of these laws, regulations, \ and orders is ensured through the implementation of a series of ORNL ..... operating procedures.
The Waste Management Plan provides the guidance necessary to ensure _ that Rf/FS project field activities comply with these laws, regulations, o_ders, and procedures. The laws, regulations, orders, , and procedures applicable to RI/FS field activities are listed in the following subsections.
4.1 LAWS
The applicable laws governing waste management and related activities at the ORNL include the following: i
o The Atomic Energy Act of 1954, Public Law 83-703, as currently amended
o The National Environmental Policy Act o The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) of 1976, PublicLaw 94-580, as currently amended o The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) of 1980, Public Law 96-510, as currently amended o The Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) of 1976, Public Law 94-469, as currently amended o The Water Pollution Control Act (Clean Water Act) of 1972, Public Law 92-500, as currently amended o The Safe Drinking Water Act of 1974, Public Law 93-523, as currently amended o The Air Pollution Control Act (Clean Air Act) of 1955, Public Law 84-159, as currently amended Q 0983m 4-I o The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, Public Law 91-596, as currently amended o The Transportation Safety Act of 1974, Public Law 93-633, as currently amended o The State of Tennessee Water Quality Control Act, 70TC3, as currently amended o The State of Tennessee Solid Waste Disposal Act, 53TC43, as currently amended o The State of Tennessee Hazardous Waste Management Act, 53TC63, as currently amended 4 .2 REGULATIONS Numerous federal and state regulations, including DOE Orders, derive their authority from, and provide standards for, regulation of provisions contained in the foregoing laws. Regulations relevant to various aspects of waste management at ORNL include the following: o DOE Order 5440.IB, "Implementation of the National Environmental Policy Act" o DOE Order 5480.IA, "Environmental Protection, Safety, and Health Protection Programs for DOE Operations" o DOE Order 5480.10, "Contractor Industrial Hygiene" o DOE Order 5482.1A, "Environmental Protection, Safety, and Health Protection Appraisal Program" o DOE Order 5483.1, "Occupational Safety and Health Program for Government-Owned Contractor-Operated Facilities" o DOE Order 5484.1, "Environmental Protection, Safety, and Health Protection Information Reporting Requirements" o DOE Order 5500.2, "Emergency Planning, Preparedness, and Responses for Operations" o DOE-ORO Notice 5500.2A, "Procedures for the Classification, Notification, and Reporting of Emergency and Nonroutine Events" o DOE Order 5820.2, "Radioactive Waste Management" 0983m 4-2 o Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC)Regulation i0 CFR 61, "Licensing Requirements for Land Disposal of Radioactive Wa_ re" o DOE Regulation i0 CFR 1021, "Compliance with the National Environmental Policy Act" o U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Regulation 40 CFR 61, "National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants" o EPA Regulation 40 CFR 122, "National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System" o EPA Regulation 40 CFR 136, "Regulations on Test Procedures for the Analysis of Pollutants" o EPA Regulation 40 CFR 141, "National Primary Drinking Water Regular ions" o EPA Regulation 40 CFR 142, "National Primary Drinking Water Regulations Implementation" o EPA Regulation 40 CFR 143, "National Secondary Drinking Water Regulations" o EPA Regulation 40 CFR 190, "Environmental Radiation Protection Standards for Nuclear Power Operation" o EPA Regulation 40 CFR 191, "Environmental Radiation Protection Standards for Management and Disposal of Spent Nuclear Fuel, High-Level, and Transuranic Radioactive Wastes" % o EPA Regulations, Title 40, "Protection of Environment, Subchapter I, "Solid Waste," Parts 240 through 299 o EPA Regulations, Title 40, "Protection of Environment, Subchapter I, "Superfund Programs", Parts 300 through 399 o EPA Regulations, Title 40, "Protection of Environment," Subchapter R, "Toxic Substances Control Act, " Parts 700 through 799 o Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) Regulations, Title 40, "Protect ion of Environment, " Parts 1500 through 1508, "Regulations on Implementing National Environmental Policy Act Procedures" o Department of Labor (DOL) Regulation 29 CFR 1910, "Occupational Safety and Health Standards" o Department of Transportation (DOT) Regulations, Title 49, "Transportation," Subchapter C, "Hazardous Materials Regulations, " Parts 171 through 179 0983m 4-3 o Tennessee Department of Health and Environment (TDHE) Regulations Chapter 1200-1-11, "Ha zardous Waste Management Ru i es" o TDHE Regulations Chapter 1200-I-7, "Solid Waste Regulations" o TDHE Regulations Chapter 1200-4-1, "General Regulations" o TDHE Regulations Chapter 1200-4-3, "Water Quality Criteria" o TDHE Regulations Chapter 1200-4-5, "Effluent Limitations and Standards" 4.3 _PROCEDURES Applicable ORNL waste management procedures are contained in both the ORNL Health Physics Manual and the ORNL Environmental Protection Manual, and include the following: o ORNL Health Physics Procedure Number 5.1, "_egregation and Management of Solid Radioactive Waste Materials" o ORNL Health Physics Procedure Number 5.2, "Entry Control of Materials to Contaminated Zones" o ORNL Health Physics Procedure Number 5.3, "Disposal of Liquid Wastes" o ORNL Environmental Protection Procedure Numbers EPM-I.0 through EPM-20.0, EPM-22.0, ESH-7, ESH-12, ESH.-14, ESH-15, and ESH-19. A complete list of titles is shown in Table 4-1. 4.4 RI/FS pROJECT PROCEDURES The following Rf/FS waste management project procedures are applicable to Rf/FS project field activities: o Project Procedure 1401, "Waste Categorization" o Project Procedure 1402, "Waste Handling" o Project Procedure 1403, "Waste Transportation and Storage" i o Project Procedure 1404, "Waste Management Training" o Project Procedure 1405, "Waste Management Records" •, 0983m 4-4 TABLE 4-1 O ORNLWASTE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROTECTION PROCEDURES MANUAL EPM PROCEDURE NUMBER TITLE 1.0 Asbestos 2.0 Oils (Non-PCB) 3.0 Mercury 4.0 Polychlorinated Biphenyls 5.0 Cooling Tower Sludge 6.0 Substantial Risk Notification Under the Toxic Substances Control Act 7.0 Environmental Protection Officers 8.0 Disposal Procedures for Hazardous Waste Materials 9.0 Air Emission Permit i0.0 Environmental Assessments ii.0 Inspection and Testing Procedure for Dikes 12.0 Prudent Practices for Storage of Nonradioactive Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories 13.0 Diking Criteria 14.0 Contractor's Landfill 15.0 Tank Labeling Criteria 16.0 Centralized Sanitary Landfill 17.0 Solid Waste Disposal 18.0 Liquid Waste Disposal 19.0 Manifest for Transport of Hazardous Waste 20.0 Review Process for the EnvironMental Protection Manual's Procedures 21.0 Environmental Review and Documentation Program ESH-7 Control of Occupational Exposure to Chemical and Physical Stresses ESH-12 Control of Service Contractor Personnel ESH-14 Environmental and Waste Management ESH-15 Substantial Risk/Significant Adverse Reactions Recordkeeping and Reporting Under the Toxic Substance Control Act ESH-19 Commercial Disposal of Hazardous Materials/ Wastes 0983m 4-5 5.0 WASTE CLASSIFICATION RI/FS project field activities will involve remedial investigations (RIs) of known and suspected areas of radiological and/or hazardous chemical contamination. Therefore, it is anticipated that the media under investigation will contain a wide variety of contaminants. RI activities (i.e., drilling, trenching, sampling) will result in the generation of contaminated waste materials. These materials may be the media under investigation (i.e., soil, water, biota) and/or the tools and materials used during the investigation. The subsections below list known waste constituents and anticipated waste sources. The list has been compiled from a review of various documents (Huang et al., 1984; ORNL, 1987; Oakes et al., 1987; and Peretz et al., 1986). 5.1 RADIOLOGICAL WASTE CONSTITUENTS Radiological wastes identified at ORNL contain a variety of radionuclides, including: tritium barium-140 carbon-14 cerium-141 sodium-24 cerium-144 calcium-45 promethium-147 chromium-51 europium-152 iron-55 europium-154 iron-59 europium-155 cobalt-60 mercury-203 nickel-63 radium-226 zinc-65 thorium-232 rubidium-86 thorium-234 strontium-89 uranium-232 strontium-90 uranium-233 zirconium-95 uranium-23r niobium-95 uranium-2_8 technetium-95m neptunium-237 technetium-99 plutonium-238 ruthenium-106 plutonium-239 cadmium-ll5 plutonium-240 iodine-129 americium-241 iodine- 13 1 cur ium- 242 cesium-134 cur ium-244 cesium-137 0541m 5-I Table 5-i presents a summary of the principal radionuclides or chemicals and their respective estimated inventories. Summary data are presented for each Solid Waste Management Unit (SWMU) within each WAG._ 5.2 CHEMICAL WASTE CONSTITUENTS Information concerning historical hazardous chemical contaminant disposal practices is sparse and incomplete. Identified potential contaminants include the following" o Materials that are hazardous by virtue of their characteristics, [e.g., ignitable, corrosive, reactive, Extraction Procedure (EP) toxic] o Volatile organic compounds (benezene, chloroform, methylene chloride, toluene, xylene, etc.) o Base neutral and acid extractable organics (anthracene, benzo(a)anthracene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(G,H,I)perylene, benzo(b)pyrene, butylbenzyl phthalate, chrysene, di-n-butyl phthalate, fluoranthene, ideno(l,2,3-cd)pyrene, phenathrene, pyrene, etc.) o Metals (barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, and mercury) I o Shock-sensitive compound& (picric acid, nitromethane, phosphorus, hydrogen peroxide, and ammonium nitrate) o Heat-sensitive compounds (formaldehyde) o Herbicides, pesticides, sulfates, nitrates, chlorides, polychlorinated biphenyls, asbestos, and miscellaneous laboratory chemicals In addition to these identified potential contaminants, it is possible that sanitary, pathogenic, and infectious waste materials may also be encountered. Other hazardous substances and compounds that may have been disposed of as a result of past disposal practices are listed in Table 5-2. 0541m 5-2 5.3 WASTE GENERATION The waste generation activities anticipated during execution of RI/FS field investigations include the following: o Drilling and excavation spoils o Drilling liquids and sludges o Well development liquids o Pump test liquids o Fuel, hydraulic fluids, and coclant leakage from equipment o Samples returned from the analytical laboratory o Liquids and materials from decontamination operations o Contaminated tools and equipment for which the cost of decontamination would exceed the worth of the item o Contaminated protective apparel (e.g., gloves, shoe covers, coveralls, etc.) o Close support laboratory wastes o Mobile decontamination trailer o Sanitary wastes o General refuse 5.4 WASTE VOLUMES Specific waste volumes and contaminant concentration data will depend on the location and type of field activity. Consequently, prediction of waste volumes, contaminant concentrations, and schedules for generation will be provided in the Waste Management Plan section of each WAG-specific RI Plan. 0541m 5-3 TABLE5-1 SUMMARYOF AVAILABLEDATAONCONTAMINANTTYPESAND INVENTORIES OF ktASTESBY WASTEAREAGROUPING,ORNL Inventory(a) Site Contaminant Ci(kg) ,J WAG I: Pain Plant Area 1.1 Mercury Contaminated Hg (<1.0) Soil (3503) 1.2 (3592) Hg (<1.4 x 103) 1.3 (4501) Hg (<10) 1.4 (4508) Hg Presence unconfirmed 1.Sa-w LLWLines and Leak Sites Sr-90, Cs-137, Unknown TRU,(c) Hz 1.6 Contaminated Surfaces Pu-239 <4.7 x 102 dl;d Soil from 1959 Explosion in 31dg. 3019 Cell 1.7 Contamination at Base of Unidentified Presence unconfirmed t 3019 Stack 1.8 GraphiteReactorStorage Unidentified Presenceunconfirmed Canal Overflow (3001/3019) 1.9 ORR Decay Tank Neutron activation Presenceunconfirmed Rupture Site (3085) products 1.10 Storage Pads (3503,3504) U-233, Pu-239 <1.0 x 10-1 1.11 DeBcoasminmiss (3512)ionedWaste Holding Unidentified <1.0 x 101 1.12 Waste Holding Basin (3513) Sr-90 3.0 x 101 Cs-137 2.0 x 102 Pu-239 5.0 1.13 Equalization Basin (3524) Sr-90 3.0 x 101 Cs-137 1.0 x 102 Th, U, TRU(c) 1.1 x 101 1.14 Process Waste Pond (3539) Unidentified <1.0 x 101 1.15 Process Waste Pond (3540) Unidentified <1.0 x 101 1.16 Sewage AerationPond Unidentified <1.0 x 101 (East) - (2543) 1.17 West SewagePond (2544) Unidentified <1.0 x 101 1.18 Coal Pile Settling Basin (2545) Unidentified Unknown 1.19 LITR Pond (3085F) Sr-90, Cs-137 <20 x 103 1.203517 Filter Pit Sr-90, Cs-137 Unknown 1.21 LLWTransferLine Unidentified <1.0 x 103 1.22 IsotopesDuctwork/ Unidentified Unknown 3110 Filter House 1.23 Inactive (bi Tanks (W-l) Sr-9O 9.0 x 10-2 Cs-137 2.0 x 10-2 TRU(c) 7.0 x 10-4 W-2 Sr-gO 1.0 x 101 Cs-137 1.0 x 101 TRU(C) 7.0 1.24 InactiveTanks (W3) Sr-90 <1.0 x 102 Cs-137 <1.0 x 103 TRU(c) <1.1 x 102 5-4 TABLE5-1 (Continued) inventory('a) " Site Contaminant Ci (kQ) (W4) sr-g0 1.0 x I02 Cs-137 1.0 x 102 TRU(c) 4.2 1.25 Inactive Tanks (W-13) sr-g0 3.0 x 102 Cs-137 3.0 x 101 TRU(c) 4.3 x 10-2 (W-14) Sr-g0 8.0 Cs-137 6.0 TRU(c) 6.0 x 10-4 (W-15) Unidenti lied Unknown 1.26 Inactive Tanks (W-S,W-6,W-7 Sr-g0 1.9 x 104 W-8,W-9, W-10) Cs-137 2.5 x 103 Th-232 (<1.0 x 104) U-238 (<1.0 x 104) TRU(c) <1.0 x 102 1.27 InactiveTank (W-II) sr-g0 5-5 TABLE 5-I (Continued) Inventory(a) Site Contaminant Ci (kg) 'i 1.45 Active Tanks (C-1, C-2) Unidentified Unknown 1.46 SWSA-1(2624) Sr-90, unidentified <4.0 x 103 Hz Unknown 1.47 SWSA-2(4003) Unidentified Presence unconfirmed Contents moved to SNSA-3 before 1950 1.48L1._# Evaporator (2531) Unidentified Unknown 1.49 Neutralization Facility (3518) Unidentified Unknown 1.50 PCB Storage Area (2018N) Unidentified Unknown 1.51Pk/TP (3544) Unidentified Unknown 1.$2 SewageYreatment Plant (2521) Unidentified Unknown 1.53 Bldg. 3000 Septic Tank (30?8) Unidentified Unknown 1.54 I_aste Oil Storage Tanks (2525) Unidentified Unknown WAG2: WOCand WOL 2.1 I_OLand Enl)ayment Sr-gO 2.0 x 101 Cs-137 5.9 x 102 Th, U, TRU(c) <1.0 x 101 Pu.-23g <1.0 est. Cr (_2.0x 104) Pb (_2.0 x 103) 2.2 WOC and Tributaries Sr-g0 >S.O Cs-137 >1.0 x 102 Pu-239 >5.0 x 10-1 Hz Unknown WAG 3: SWISA3 3.1 SWISA3 (1001) H-3, Sr-g0,Unidentified <5.6 x 104 Hz Unknown 3.2 Closed Scrap MetalArea (1562) Unidentified Unknown 3.3 Contractors'Landfill(1554) Unidentified Unknown WAG 4: SWSA 4 4.1 LLI_Line Unidentified Unknown 4.2 Pilot Pits l and 2 None None 4.3 SNSA-4 H-3; Co-60; Sr-g0 <1.2 x 105 Cs-137;Th, U, TRU(C); unidentified Hz Unknown WAG 5:SWSA 5 5.1 LLW Lines and Leak Sites Unidentified _-(_ TABLE5-1 (Continued) Inventory(a) Site Contaminant Ci (kg) 5.30HF Surface Facilities Sr-g0, Cs-137,TRU(c) <1.0 x 103 5.4 NHF Surface Facilities Unidentified Unknown 5.50HF Tanks sr-gO, Cs-137,TRU(c) 4.6 x 103 Hz Unknown 5.6 ProcessWaste SludgeBasin Unidentified <5.0 x 101 (7835) 5.7 S_A 5 H-3; Co-60; Sr-g0; Cs-137 <2.1 x 105 Th, U, TRU(C); unidentifi ed Hz Unknown 5.8 LLW ConcentrateTanks Sr-90 3.0 x 104 (W-24 - W-31) Cs-137 1.0 x 103 Th-232 (<1.0 x 104) U-238 (<1.0 x 104) TRU(c) 1.0 x 102 Hz Unknown 5.9 Waste 0i1 Tank (7860A) Unidentified 1.1 x 10-2 5.10 TRU Waste StorageArea TRU(c) Unknown WAG6: SWSA6 6.1 SWSA6 (7822) Unidentified <4.8 x 104 H-3 <7'.1 x 103 Co-6Sr-900 <3.0<3.2x 101034 Cs-137 <5.1 x 103 Eu-152 <5.1 x 104 Eu-154 <7.3 x 104 Eu-155 <3.1 x 104 Th-232 <2.5 (2.3 x 104) U-233 <2.3 x 102 U-238 <2.1 x 102 (6.1 x 105) TRU(c) <3.6 Asbestos Unknown Pb (>6.8x 104) Solvents (>4.3x 104) 6.2 EmergencyWaste Basin (7821)None None 6.3 ExplosivesDetonationTrench None None (7819) WAG7: Pits and Trenches 7.1 DecontaminationFacility Unidentified Inventory(a) S_te Contaminant Ct (k9) 7.3 HF Soil Contamination Cs-137, Unidentified <1.0 x 101 7.4 LLI,ILtnes and Leak Sttes Sr-g0, Cs-137, TRU(c) <1.0 x lO3 Cm-244 7.5 Pit 1 (7805) Cs-137 2.3 x 102 Pu-239 2.1 x 10-2 7.6 P_ts 2, 3, and 4 Sr-g0 4.2 x 104 Cs-137 1.8 x 105 Pu-239 2.0 x 101 7.7 Trench 5 (7809) sr-g0 <9.7 x 104 Cs-137 2.1 x 105 Pu-23g 1.0 x 101 7.8 Trench 6 (781U) Sr-g0 1.5 x 102 Cs-137 6.7 x 102 Pu-239 1.3 x 10-2 7.9 Trench 7 (7818) Sr-g0 4.8 x 104 Cs-137 2.3 x 105 U-233 3.2 U-238 4.0 x 10-2 (1.2 x 102) Pu-239 1.2 x 101 TRU(c) 3.9 x 101 7.10 Shielded Transfer Tanks Cs-137 <2.0 x 103 WAG8: Melton Valley Area 8.1 HFIR/TRU Ponds Co-60, Cm-244, TRU(c) <1.0 x 101 8.2 HF-S2A Unidentified <1.0 8.3 LLWLines and Leak Sites Cm-244_ Unidentified Unknown 8.4 HazardousWaste Storage Unidentified Unknown Facility(7507) 8.5 Active LLWITank (WC-20) Unidentified Unknown 8.6 Active LLklTank (HFIR) Unidentified Unknown 8.7 Active LI.WTanks (T-I,T-2) Unidentified Unknown 8.8 Mixed Waste StoragePad (7507W) Unidentified Unknown 8.9 Sewage TreatmentPlant (7904) Unidentified Unknown 8.10 Silver RecoveryProcess (7834) Unidentified Unknown WAG 9: HRE Area 9.1 HREPond Sr-g0 7.5 x 101 Cs-137 1.6 x 101 TRU(c) 5.0 x 10-4 9.2 LI.WfTanks Sr-g0, Cs-137,U Unknown 9.3 SepticTank (7501) None None WAG I0: HydrofractureWells I0.I HF ExperimentalSite 1 Cs-137 3.5 x I01 10.2 HF ExperimentalSite 2 Cs-137 5.0 x I01 5-8 TABLE5-1 (Continued) Inventory(a) Site Contaminant Ct (kg) 10.30HF Sr-g0 4.0 x 104 Cs-137 6.1 x 105 Th, U, TRU(c) Unknown Hz - Unknown 10.4 NHF sr-g0 6.4 x 105 Cs-137 8.4 x 104 Th-232 >4.0 (4.0 x 104) U-238 >2.0 x 101 (6.0 x 104) TRU(c) 2.1 x 103 Unidentlf_ed 2.1 x 104 Hz Unknown WAGII: White Wing Scrap Yard II.I Whlte Wing Road Storage Area Cs..137 <1.0 x I0"l U-238 <1.0 x 10-2 Pu-239 <2.0 Hz Unknown WAG 13: EnvironmentalResearchAreas 13.213.1 Cs Cs-137-137 Contaminat Erosion StudeydF_(0807)eld (0800) Cs-137 <5.<9.08 x 10-3 WAG17: ORNLServices Area 17.1 SepticTank (7000) Unldentlf_ed Unknown 17.2 &Caste0iiTanks (?O02W,7009E, Un_dentifled Unknown 7075, 7021E) 17.3 Waste 0ii Truck (7030E) Unidentlfled Unknown 17.4 PhotographicWaste Tanks Unidentified Unknown (7075A,7075B) (a)Nunt)ersin parenthesesare measured in kilogrants. (b)Inactiverefers to tanks no longer in service;activerefers to operating tanks. (C)TRUradionuclides, Source: RCRA FacilitiesAssessment(RFA),Oak Ridge NationalLaboratory,ORNL/RAP-12/Vl,March 1987. 5-9 TABLE 5-2 SU_4ARY OF KNOWN HAZARDOUS CHeMICALS/COMPOUNDS CURRENTLY USED AND/OR TREATED AT ORNL EPA Hazardous W_ste Number(s) Hazardous Chemiga!/compound UOOl Acetaldehyde F002, U002 Acetone U003 Acetonitrile U004 Acetophenone U006 Acetyl chloride U007 Acrylamide U008 Acrylic acid U009 Acrylonitrile P005 Ally alcohol D002 Ammonium bilfluorlde D002 Ammonium hydroxide PI19 Ammonium vanadate U012 Aniline D004 Arsenic P010 Arsenic acid P0].I Arsenic pentoxide P012 Arsenic trioxide U013 Asbestos O DO05U019 BBariumenzene P014 Benzenethiol U021 .Benzidine U022 Benzopyrene U197 Benzoquinone P028 Benzyl chloride D002 Boron trifluoride U225 Bromoform U031 l-Butanol F003 Butyl alcohol F005, P022 Carbon disulfide U211 Carbon tetrachloride U033 Carbonyl fluoride D003 Cesium metal U036 Chlordane D001 Chlorine trifluoride F002 Chlorobenzene U044 ' Chloroform U050 Chrysene D002, D004, D017 Coal pile runoff sludge D001 Combustible/flamr_able solid/liquid/sludge D001, F003 Combustible liquid P029 Copper cyanide D002 Corrosive liquid D002, D007 Corrosive liquid D002, D011 Corrosive liquid 0541m 5-10 TABLE 5-2 (Continued) EPA Hazardous Waste Num_,er(s) ....' Hazardous Chemiqal/Compo%/nd D002 Corrosive liquid organic acid D002 Corrosive gas D002 Corrosive solid D002, D006 Corrosive solid F004 Cresol U052 Cresol U053 Crotonaldehyde U055 Cumene P030 Cyanides P031 Cyanogen P032 Cyanogen bromide U056 Cyclohexane F003 Cyclohexanone U 061 DDT U069 Dibutyl phthalate U070 I, 2-Dichlorobenzene U071 I, 3-Dichlorobenzene U072 i, 4-Dichlorobenzene U075 Dichlorodif luoromethane U077 I, 2-Dichloroethane U080 Dichloromethane F002 Dichloromethane U088 Diethyl phthalate U107 Di-n-octyl phthalate UI08 I, 4-Dioxane UII0 Dipropylamine F003 Ethyl acetate UII2 Ethyl acetate P053 Ethylene dlamnine U076 Ethylene dichloride Ul15 Ethylene oxide UII7 Ethyl ether D003 Explosive D004, D017 Filters (from leachate toxicity testing) D001 Flammable gas D001 Flammable liquid D003 Flammable liquid D001, D004, D005, D008 Flammable liquid F001 Flammable liquid F001,F002 Flammable liquid F002 Flammable liquid F002, F003 Flammable liquid F003, F005 Flammable liquid F005 Flammable liquid D001 Flammable solid D003 Flammable solid D001, D009 Flammable solid D004, D017 Flyash O U122 Formaldehyde 0541m 5-11 TABLE 5-2 (Continued) EPA Hazardous Waste Number(s) Hazardous Chemical/Compound U123 Formic acid U125 Furfural D009 Hazardous substance (liquid) D004, D008 Hazardous substance (liquid) F006 Hazardous substance (solid) D009 Hazardous substance (solid) D005 Hazardous substance (solid) D008 Hazardous substance (solid) D011 Hazardous substance (solid) F002 Hazardous substance (solid) D004, D008 Hazardous waste (liquid) D009 Hazardous waste (liquid) D009, D010 Hazardous waste (liquid) F003, F005 Hazardous waste (liquid) D004, D008 Hazardous waste (solid) D010, D009 Hazardous waste (solid) D005 Hazardous waste (solid) D011 Hazardous waste (solid) D008 Hazardous waste (solid) Ul28 Hexachlorobutadiene U133 Hydrazine U134 Hydrofluoric acid O D002 Hydrogen fluoride D002 Inorganic acids F005 Isobutyl alcohol D001 Isopropyl ether ..... Laboratory grade chemicals D004-D017 Leachings from tin/lead plating tank D008 Lead U144 Lead acetate D003 Lithium F003 Low-level mixed waste water D001 Magnesium perchlorate U147 Maleic anhydride U151 Mercury U154 Methanol F003 Methanol F001, F003 Methanol/trichloroethylene, acetone U080 Methylene chloride F005 Methyl ethyl ketone U134 Hydrofluoric acid U159 Methyl ethyl ketone P068 Methyl hydrazine U168 Methyl isobutyl ketone D001 Mixed solvents U165 Naphthalene U167 Naphthylamine P073 Nickle carbonyl P075 Nicotine and salts 0541m 5-12 TABLE 5-2 (Continued) EPA Hazardous Waste Number(s) Hazardous Chemical/Compound D002 Nitric acid solution D002 Nitric/hydrochlorlc/hydrofluoric acids F004 Nitrobenzene U169 Nitrobenzene Ul70 Nitrophenol U178 n-Nit r oso-n-met hylur et bane F087 Osmium tetroxide D001 Oxidizing material (liquld/solld) Ul82 Paraldehyde D001 Perchloric acid U210 Perchloroethylene D003 Perchloryl fluoride U188 Phenol P095 Phosgene D002 Phosphorus pentoxide D011 Photographic waste D011, D002 Photographic waste D011 Photographic waste, activator D011 Photographic waste, activator rinse D002 Photographic waste, developer D002 Photographic waste, developer rinse D003 Picric acid F009 Plating shop waste (acid dip) F009 Plating shop waste (cadmium solution) D002, D007 Plating shop waste (chromic/sulfuric acid) , F007 Plating shop waste (copper/acid) F007 Plating shop waste (cyanide/carbonate) F007 Plating shop waste (gold/cyanide) D002 Plating shop waste (hydrochloric acid) D004-D017 Plating shop waste (lead/tin/acid, solid) F007 Plating shop waste (nickel) F009 Plating shop waste (nitric/hydrofluoric acid) F007 Plating shop waste (preplate silver/cyanide) F007 Plating shop waste (silver/cyanide) D004 Poison B liquid D005 Poison B liquid D006 Poison B liquid PNA contaminated waste liquid PNA contaminated waste solid D007 Poison B liquid D011 Poison B liquid D009 Poison B liquid D008 Poison B liquid F002 Poison B liquid F027 Poison B liquid D004 Poison B Solid D004, D005 Poison B Solid D005 Poison B Solid D007 Poison B Solid 0541m 5-13 TABLE 5-2 (Continued) EPA Hazardous Waste Number(s) Hazardous Chemical_Compound D008, D009 Poison B Solid D009, D011 Poison B 'Solid D010 Poison B Solid F027 Poison B Solid NOS Polychlorinated biphenyl NOS Polynuclear aromatic contaminated waste liquid NOS Polynuclear aromatic contaminated waste solid P098 Potassium cyanide F002, F005 Process wastewater F002 Process wastewater D001 Propane cylinders F005 Pyridine D003 Reactive material (liquid/sludge) D003 Reactive material (solid) U201 Resorcinol U204 Selenious acid PI04 Silver cyanide .... Silicon tetrafluoride D003 Sodium PI05 Sodium azide PI06 Sodium cyanide D003 Sodium/potassium D002 Sulfuric/chronic acids U209 l,l,2,2-Tetrachloroethane U210 Tetrachloroethylene FOe2 Tetrachloroethylene U211 Tetrachloromethane U123 Tetrahydrofuran U217 Thallium nitrate U218 Thioacetamide U219 Thiourea U220 Toluene F005 Toluene U225 Tribromomethane F002 Trichloroethane F002 l,l,l-Trichloroethane U227 l,l,2-Trichloroethane F002 Trichloroethylene U228 Trichloroethylene PI20 Vanadium pentoxide D001 Varsol/cuttings oil/coolant/acetone U239 Xylene F003 Xylene Source: Annual Hazardous Waste Report, 1986, submitted to the TDHE. 0%41m 5-14 6.0 WASTEHANDLING Waste handli.ng includes those activities associated with collection, identification, classification, segregation, packaging, certification, and transportation of waste materials. This section provides the definitions and guidance necessary to ensure that Rf/FS project waste handling activities are conducted in accordance with Energy Systems requirements. 6.1 SOLID WASTE DEFINITIONS Solid waste at the ORNL is divided into three generic categories: radioactive, hazardous/mixed/TSCA, and conventional wastes. Each of these categories is further subdivided; radioactive waste categories are described in Subsection 6.1.1 through 6.1.3. Hazardous/Mixed/TSCA wastes are described in Subsection 6.1.4. Conventional wastes are discussed in Subsection 6.1.5. 6.1.1 Low-Level Radioactive Waste Q Low-level waste (I,LW) is radioactive waste that cannot be classified, in accordance with DOE Order 5820.2 and I0 CFR 962 definitions, as either high-level %aste, TRU waste, spent nuclear fuel, or by-product material. LLW is further defined as those materials containing beta-gamma emitting radionuclides and/or nonfissile alpha-emitting radionuclides. LLW may contain TRU radionuclides if the concentration of those radionuclides is less 6 than 3.7 x I0 Bq/kg. LLW may be further categorized as defined in Table 6-1 and as shown in Figure 6-1. 6.1.2 LLW Except ions Certain categories of LLW include exceptions not covered in Categories I through 4 of I,LW. These exceptions are covered in Categories 5 through 7, as described in Table 6-1. i062m 6-1 TABLE6-1 CATEGORIESOF SOLID WASTEAT OAKRIOGENATIONALLABOIIJ_TORY .,., Category i)escr i pt i on LLW '1. Low-RangeCon_Dactible LI.W Low-range compactible LLWis defined as those compactible materials (e.g., plastic bags and sheets, paper, cardboard, cloth, rubber glo_es and shoe covers, plastic bottles) that exhibit a radiation level at the unshielded package surface of 2 _v/h (200 mrem/h) or less. 2. Low-RangeNoncon_}actible LLkl Low-range nonconM_actible LLWis defined as those noncon_actible materials (e.g., wood, scrap metal, glass bottles, metal tools, equipment) that exhibit a radiation level at the unshielded package surface of 2 mSv/h (200 mrem/h) or less. 3. High-Range LLW This category of waste includes all LLWmaterials that exhibit radiation levels at the unshielded package surface of greater than 2 mSv/h (200 remVh). 4. High-Range LI.Wf(Special Case) This category of waste is the same as Category 3, i m mrexcepenVh),t tha andt the lessradthaniation or equ levelal atot2 the0 m unshSv/hielded (2 package surface is greater than 20 mSv/h (2 rem/hi. LLW EXCEPTIONS 5. U-235 Waste This category of waste includes those LI.kls which contain one gram of U-235 or more per package. It is anticipated that U-235 wastes will not be encountered, except possibly during WAG7 investigationsin the vicinityof the HRE fuel wells. 6. Suspect LLW Suspect LLW i- defined as thosematerialswith no measurablelevelsof radioactivity(by field survey techniques)but judged, becauseof its history,to be contaminatedwith radioactive materialsin excess of Table 6-3 limits,hence is unsuitablefor release from wastemanagement control. 6-2 TABLE6-1 (Continued) Category Description 7. Radioactive Asbestos Waste This category of waste includes those LI.Ns which contain more than one percent friable asbestos, as defined in Subpart M of 40 CFR61, and Subpart F of 40 CFR 763. TRANSURANICWASTES 8. Cuntact-Handled TRU Contact-handled TRUwastes and are those TRU wastes that exhibit radiation levels at the unshielded package surface of 2 n_v/h (200 mrenVh) or less. 9. Remote-HandledTRU Remote-handled TRUwastes are those TRUwastes that exhibit radiation levels at the unshielded package surface of greater than 2 n_Sv/h (200 mrenVh), but less than 1 Sv/h (100 reflVh). HAZARDOUS/MIXED/TSWCAASTES 10. Characteristic Hazardous klaste This category of waste includes those compounds and substances that exhibit one or more of the Four characteristics of a hazardous waste as defined in Subpart C of 40 CFR261. These characteristics (ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, and EP toxicity) and their regulatory definitions are presented in Attachment A. I1. Listed Hazardous Waste This category o6 waste includes those con_ounds and substances that are listed in Subpart O o6 40 CFR261. These lists include; Hazardous Wastes From Non-Specific Sources (40 CFR 261.31), Hazardous Wastes FromSpecific Sources (40 CFR 261.32), and Discarded Commercial Chenical Products, Off-Specification Speciesa Container Residues and Spill Residues Thereof'(40 CFR 261.33); and are shownin Attachment B. 12. Characteristic and Listed Waste This category of waste includes those confounds and substances that are listed wastes, and exhibit one or more of the characteristics of a hazardous waste. 13. LLWMixed Characteristic Waste This category of waste includes those compounds and substances that exhibit one or more of the characteristics of a hazardous waste (Attachment A) and are contaminated with LLWmaterials in excess of Table 6-3 values. This category of waste may be subdivided Further as described in Categories 1-4 above. _ - 6-3 TABLE 6-1 (Continued) Category Description 14. LLW Mixed Listed Waste This category of waste includes those compounds and substances that are listed in Subpart D of 40 CFR 261 (Attachment B) and are contaminated with LI.Wmaterials in excess of Table 6-3 values. This category of waste may be subdivided further as described in Categories 1-4 above. 15. LLWMixed Characteristic and This category of waste includes those compounds Listed Waste and substances that are listed in Subpart D of 40 CFR 61, that also demonstrate one or more characteristics oF a hazardous waste, and that are contaminated with LLWmaterials in excess of Table 6-3 values. This category may be subdivided further as described in Categories 1-4 above. 16. TRU Mixed Waste This category of waste includes those co(npounds and substances that are listed in Subpart D of 40 CFR 261, and/or exhibit one or more of the characteristics of a hazardous waste, and/or contain TSCA substances; and that contain concentrations of TRU radionuclides in excess of 3.7 x 106 Bq/kg (100 nCi/g). This waste category may be subcategorized according to the radiation levels measured at contact with the unshielded surface of the waste package as described in Categories 8 and 9 above. 17. LI.N Exception Mixed This category of waste illcludes those conw_ounds Characteristic Waste and substances that exhibit one or more of the characteristics of a hazardous waste, and contains Categories 5, 6, or 7, as described above. 18. LI.N Exception Mixed This category of waste includes those conw)ounds Listed Waste and substances that are listed in Subpart D of 40 CFR 261 and contains either Category 5, 6, or 7 as described above. 19. LI.N Exception Mixed This category of waste includes those compounds Characteristic and Listed and substances that exhibit one or more of the Waste characteristics of a hazardous waste, one or more of the compounds that are listed in Subpart D of 40 CFR 261, and that contains either Category 5, 6, or 7 as described above. 6-4 TABLE 6-I (Continued) Category Description 20. TSCA Waste This categoryof waste includesthose compounds and substancescontaminatedwith polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs),as describedin 40 CFR 761. For the purpose of this plan, the phrase PCBs shall includeAroclors lOl6, 1221,1232, 1242, 1248, 1254,and 1260. 21. RadioactiveTSCA Waste This categoryof waste includesthose compounds and substancescontaminatedwith PCBs (as describedin Category 20 above), and contains radioactivematerialsin excess of Table6-3 values. This waste categorymay be subcategorizedaccordingto the radiationlevels measuredat contact with the unshieldedsurface of the waste package as describedin Subsections 6.1.1 and 6.1.3. CONVENTIONAL 22. DisposableWaste This categoryof waste includesthose articles, materialsand substancesthat are no longerof any practicaluse, and for whichit is not economicalto recycle or resell (e.g.,garbage, refuse, rubbish,glass, wood, concrete,rock, constructiondebris, etc.). 23. Scrap Metal Waste This categoryof waste includesscrapmetal for which it is economicallyfeasibleto segregate From other forms of conventionalwaste materials for resale purposes. 24. RecyclableWaste This categoryof waste includesthose articles and materialsfor which it is economically feasibleto recycle for reuse (e.g.,tires, batteries,metal drums, etc.). 6-5 RADIOACTIVE LLW i k_ _]_'Fz I _ ,,L / TRANSf."_1ATION AN[) ARFL_kNC&E AN[)ARRANGE 1RA NSPO, f{ 1ATICXN ] F{ANS PO'R 1AT IO_N ' PACKA(._! f'ACKAGE I_ i ), LI_TEDI Hl(_tt t-L_NGE LOW RANGE I V FtI('H FU_,N_E - _ F'AC'KAC_ _J rnf e_ /_ ANl) AR.ANGL I,o 2 IorrV'h) / _ ''" ; PACKA(_ 1t'b_NSPC){-_IATION AN[I)'A(,AI4RAN(_F.AGE ¢ _S EGP,EOA.T E/_ TFA:_NDANSPO_{IAl{RANGAII{'] ( _ TRAN.C;I_;_AI AI KL)¢4 ttlCiH P_kNC_E I _ s,r'ECIALCASL I /NOC4COMPACTIBt.[: _ >' arr_h) _ (;At.[ t,A(;KACiLI WA[;lf_ MANA(_[.Lq_N] AN[) ARI{AN(_ ] f.{A N_.,t_ _4{'1A] I( ),N HIt [;2 0.4_ ;' I SOLID WASTE __ CONVENTIONAL I IIII I I ii... ANDARRANQE HA ZA FIDT OU S,/MIX EDFr SCA WASTE -- --- H AZAFIDC;14JS MIXED _ AND AFIFIANQE -- TRAN SPC_I:ITA TIC)N ; PACKAGE _ACT -ER I , . TRU ,,. PACKAGE 1 I_AN SPC)IXIA1 ICIN ] t%ANSt'C_{1 AllCt4 L _¢- y C_IAr{ACTEFUSIIC PAC KAG[.] TL_C:A _ _ J Tt-tAN S f_C)ft [ A1 ICiN AN[) AFiRANC_ Lt.W EXCEPIIC)NS 1f%AN S P(%qT ATICIN r C1 |-JRI,£.11C llb_| P A CKA CtE_- • IV" J AN{) AFIRANGF I _' l,.*!lr_:r, _$1 FAcF..c_., [ @ "_"lt ANDARF_ANC_E " kl t]ANSI'C'i_IIATION AN[i A I{FLA N(_F _<..)._ _ 114AN (',,'C _141AI I( 1,7 PAC_AQ[2 PCIJ t-LA[)I( _A('-I IVE PCB f'AC; I'.A C'_[ PAC; t'..AC_ A_[J ARt4ANQ[; At'li At414AN(_[ "1fIAN{;F'(_{] A'TI( J',' ] t4AN'f;I'( _41 A l I( _t7 FIGURE 6--1 SOLID WASTE CATEGORIES SEGREGATION CHART f,-- f_ 6.1.3 TRU Wastes TRU waste is that material that is contaminated to greatsr than 6 3.7 x I0 Bq/kg with alpha-emittlng radionuclides having atomic numbers greater than 92 and half-llves greater than 20 years. By directive (ORNL Health Physics Procedure 5.1), materials contaminated with radium-226 or uranium-233 to levels greater than 3.7 x 106 Bq/kg shall also be treated as TRU waste. TRU wastes are categorized according to radiation levels, as described in Table I 6-1. 6.1.4 Hazardous/Mixed/TSCA Wastes Hazardous chemical wastes at the ORNL are grouped into three generic categories comprised of hazardous, TSCA, and mixed wastes. These generic categories are subdivided as shown in Table 6-1 and in Figure 6-i. 6.1.5 Conventional Waste This generic category of wastes includes those articles, materials and substances that are no longer of any practical use (e.g., designated for disposal, recycle, or resale), do not contain significant concentrations of radioactive materials, and do not contain detectable quantities of hazardous chemicals as defined in Table 6-2. This category of waste may be subcategorized as shown in Table 6-1 and in Figure 6-1. 6.2 LIQUID WASTE DEFINITIONS Liquid waste at the ORNL is divided into three generic categories" radioactive, hazardous/mixed/TSCA, and conventional. T_ese generic classifications are further described in the following subsections and in Table 6-3 and Figure 6-2. i062m 6-7 TABLE 6-2 GUIDES FOR UNRESTRICTED RF,LEASE PARAMETER MEASURED ACCEPTABLE VALUE Nontransferable Gross Alpha Activity < 5 Bq/100 cm 2 (< 300 dpm/100 cm 2) Transferable Gross Alpha Activity < 0.33 Bq/100 cm 2 (< 20 dpm/100 cm 2) Nontransferable Gross Beta-Gamma Activity < 0.2 uGy/h (< 0.02 mrad/h) Transferable Beta-Gamma Activity < 3.33 Bq/100 cm 2 (< 200 dpm/100 cm 2) Volatile Organic Compounds None Detected(a) pH 6 & pH Value ! 9 (water) Q (a)By EPA accepted portable volatile organics detection techniques and/or head space gas chromatography techniques. TABLE6-3 CATEGORIESOFLIQUID WASTEAT OAKRIDGENATIONALLABORATORY Category Description RADIOACTIVELIQUID WASTE 1.PWTPWaste This category of waste tncludes those l tqutds containing predominantly stront, tum-90 and cestum-13"l in concentrations exceeding DOEOrder 5480. lA Concentration Gutdes (CGs) For water (ChapterXI of 5480.1A,AttachmentXI-I, Table Ii, Column 2), but not exceedlnga total beta-ganga actlvltyof lO,O00Bq/L (0.2?uCl/L), 2. Low-LevelLlquldWaste This categoryof waste Includesthose llqulds contalnlngconcentrationsof any radionuclideIn excess of the appllcableCGs that cannot be classifiedas either PWTP waste or TRU waste. 3. TRU Liquld Waste This categoryof waste Includesthose liquidswhlch contain TRU radlonuclldesIn concentratlons exceeding3.7 x ]06 Bq/L (]00 nrl/mL). HAZARDOUS/MIXED/TSCALIQUIDWASTES 4. CharacterlstlcHazardous Thls categoryof waste Includesthose liquids Liquid Wastes that exhlbit one or more of the four characteristlcsofa hazardouswaste as defined In Subpart C of 40 CFR 261 (see AttachmentA). 5. LlstedHazardousLiquidWaste Thls categoryof waste Includesthose ]iquldsthat contain one or more of the contaminants]isted In Subpart D of 40 CFR 26] (see AttachmentB). 6. CharacteristicandLlsted This categoryof waste includesthose liquids Hazardous LiquidWaste that exhlbit one or more of the Four characteristicsofa hazardouswaste, and that contain one or more of the contaminantsllsted In Subpart D of 40 CFR 261. 7. Mixed PWTP Waste This categoryof waste Inc]udesthose liquids that qualify as PWTP waste, exhibitone or more of the Four characteristlcsofa hazardouswaste, and/or contaln one or more of the contaminantsllsted In Subpart D of 40 CFR 261. 8. Mixed LLLW Thls categoryof waste includesthose llquldsthat qua]ify as LLLW, exhlbitone or more of the four characterlsticsofa hazardouswaste, and/or contaln one or more of the contaminantslisted In Subpart D of 40 CFR 26l. : 6-9 TABLE6-3 (Continued) Category Description 9. Mtxed TRUL_qu_d Waste rhts category of waste tncludes those ltqu_ds that qualify as TRU ltqutd waste, exhtbtt one or more of the four characteristics of a hazardous waste, and/or contatn one or more of the contaminants ltsted tn Subpart D of 40 CFR261. 10. TSCALtqutd Waste Thts category of waste Includes those ttqutds that would otherwise be classified as uncontaminated 11qutd waste, but that contalndetectable concentrationsof polychlorlnatedblphenyls. i 11. RadloactlveTSCA LlquldWaste Thls categoryof waste Includesthose 11quldsthat quallfy as PCB l_quldwaste, and that contaln concentratlonsof radloactlvematerla1(s)In excess of the appllcableCGs, CONVENTIONALLIQUIDWASTE 12. UncontamlnatedLlquldWaste Thls categoryof waste Includesl_quldsthat do not exhlbit any of the four characterlstlcsof a hazardouswaste, do not contaln any of the contamlnantslisted In SubpartD of 40 CFR 261, do not contaln rad_onuclldesIn concentratlons exceedingtheir respectlveCG valuss For water, and do not quallfy as sanltaryllquldwaste or recyclableo11. 13. SanitaryLlquld Waste Thls categoryof waste Includesthose llqulds that contalnbiodegradablematerlals,do not exhlbit any of the Four characteristlcsof a hazardouswaste, do not contaln any of the contaminants11sted _n Subpart D of 40 CFH 261, do not contain any radlonuclldesIn concentratlonsexceedlngthelr respectiveCG values for water,and do not qualify as recyclableoi1. 14. Recyclable011 Thls categoryof waste includeswaste olls that do not contain PCBs, do not exhlbitany of the four characteristlcsof a hazardouswaste, do not contaln contaminantsllsted In Subpart D of 40 CFR 261, and/ordo not contain concentrationsof radionuclidesIn excess of their respectiveCG values. 6-10 I I llnllli [ II Iiiii j i|, (_ //_(Z) ,IAI_IOACTIVE_ -_' IIYIIII.-'_IDELIVEtt "ql " _I:IE(IIIEL_AII_/ Irr IIY[II'(:MI.}II_IVEt_ II AZA,MDOU , . 10 LLIW BY_IEM Qy TCl I_A#II' E_Y',t_]T t_El.,Vt:f_ H AZAII I_Otj S l(;) LI_LW llYt-ll EM _ ___,_ C;Q, " .- I'A(;KACII- AHIJ AIIIIANCIE "II IAN _lq3,1 II AI I()N ( @/ I'Cll # G WAd;II CAIE(_,I _h'NUMIII II I'A(:KAid ANl] AIIIIAN(il 11LANt;l'{)I { IA I I( Jt,_ IIII '.12 046.3 LIQUI[) WA,,II: CONVENTIONAL ...... _ ® CC_l AINMI_'N f _81 CONTAINMFNI _Y't]l I-M LHZ|.IV[-:II (..__i_C'l,A 10 I.ILDCI 7De6 III:OYt;IAIlI, I! _[ _/MI×EDn'SCAWASTE @ @'__ L ...... MII. l]y_l EMDELIVE|IY _C;_ XED C(:_IAIN_Em PAOKACI|! "11I,_N,C|t"Ot IIA] KIN _J 1 IIA NgPr:_-IIATI()N ., TSCA I_ACKA( tF ANl) Altl IANC'_ 1t lA N S I_._t I A 1I( _,/ I /\ \ ,EC'_U: C_AI t_ / x/x, © f Lt,I _1__AC:1 IV[ t'C t_ I'AC:KACH AND A RI _.AN'(II: I tfAN.C',I'( _I IAII( r_ FIGURE 6- 2 LIQUID WASTE CA-FEGORIE0 c: oEGREGATIONC' CHART t,-.1 I 6.2.1 Radioactive Liquid Waste Radioactive liquid waste may be subcategor[zed according to radionuclide content and concentration. Categories are described in Table 6-3. 6.2.2 Hazardous/M_xed/TSCA Liquid Waste Hazardous/mixed/TSCA liquid waste may be subcategorized according to contaminant content and concentration, as described in Table 6-3. 6.2.3 Conventional Liquid Waste Conventional liquid wastes are subcategorized according to the waste's constituents, as described in Table 6-3. 6.3 COLLECTION OF WASTE MATERIALS All materials used or generated by ORNL RI/FS project field activities that are no longer of use and are intended for recycle or disposal will be classified as Solid Waste, in accordance with the definition given in 40 CFR 261.2, "Definition of Solid Waste." Accordingly, all such waste material will be collected in appropriate containers, containment devices, or areas until they can be properly characterized, segregated, and packaged for recycle, treatment, storage, or disposal. These waste collection activities will be conducted to ensure the following: o Minimize waste volumes o Protect the public health and welfare and prevent contamination of the environment o Maintain personnel exposures to hazardous contaminants and radiation as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) i062m 6-12 o Comply with the waste management requirements of federal and state regulations, DOE orders, and ORNL procedures These goals will be achieved through execution of an integrated system of ORNL RI/FS project procedures, as described in the following subsections. 6.3.1 Traininq All individuals involved with waste handling (e.g., collection, identification, segregation, classification, certification, and packaging) will be trained in accordance with the requirements described in Section 3.0. This training stresses the importance of, and mandates adherence to, this plan and its related project procedures and provides guidance for practical application of AI,ARA and waste minimization techniques. 6.3.2 Minimization All reasonable efforts will be made to minimize the quantity of waste materials generated during ORNL RI/FS project field activities. These efforts will include but are not limited to the following: o Review of all planned activities or operations to ensure that potential waste-producing activities are necessary and that they are designed to ensure waste minimization o Routine audits by cognizant ES&H staff members to ensure compliance with applicable project procedures o Segregation, in accordance with this plan and Project Procedure 1401, to ensure that uncontaminated materials are not mixed with contaminated materials or that different categories of waste ace not mixed o Decontamination to reduce volume and/or to meet ORNL waste acceptance criteria The following paragraphs describe decontamination methods that may be used during ORNL RI/FS project field activities. i062m 6-13 6.3.2.1 Equipment Decontamination. If necessary, decontamination of equipment for unrestricted use (e.g., split-spoon samplers, auger stems and flights) will be performed at the field location in accerdance with RI/FS Project Procedure 1250, "Equipment Decontamination and Release for Unrestricted Use." Field decontamination efforts will be conducted so as to prevent the spread of contamination and minimize waste generated during the process. Typical precautions will include the use of buckets, ground covers, and waste receptacles to ensure containment. In accordance with the ORNL "Health, Safety, and Environmental Protection Procedures for Excavating Operations" (Attachment C), removable contamination will be reduced to less than 0.33 alpha 2 2 Bq/100 cm and/or to less than 3.3 beta-gamma Bq/100 cm . Fixed 2 contamination will be reduced to less than 5.0 alpha Bq/100 cm and/ur to less than 0.5 uGy/h of beta-gamma activity. Equipment which cannot be field decontaminated to meet the fixed contamination limits and exhibits beta-gamma contamination (as measured at one centimeter by an end-window GM survey meter) of 30,000 counts per minute or less (hot spots of 150,000 counts per minute or less are permitted, if the hot spot is limited to I00 2 2 cm or less) and alpha contamination of 83.3 Bq/100 cm or less (ORNL, 1986) will be taken to the ORNL Equipment Cleaning Facility (Building 7935) for final decontamination. Equipment contaminated in excess of the acceptance criteria for, or that cannot be decontaminated to meet the fixed contamination limits by, lhe ORNL Equipment Cleaning Facility, will be taken to the on-site BNI decontamination trailer for final decontamination. The BNI decontamination trailer is designed to be the functional equivalent of a DOT Specification 7A container, in accordance with the specifications of 49 CFR 173.425(b) and 49 CFR 178.350, a_td to meet plant technical specifications for NRC licensed commercial nuclear power plants. Contaminated item acceptance criteria for the BNI decontamination trailer is no_mally established on a .... - -_ ...... li_t=d _,I_by u_=L=uuL expo_u_= iIL_IL _[Ld I062m 6-14 ALARA considerations. For the purposes of this plan, however, the ORNL contact-handled limit of 2 mSv/h at the item surface will be used as acceptance criteria for fixed contamination. Liquids and solids used in the BNI decontamination trailer will be recycled to the extent practical to limit the volume of wastes generated during the process. Airborne contamination is processed through demisters and HEPA filters prior to discharge. Waste materials generated by the BNI decontamination trailer will be handled in accordance with this plan. Solid and liquid waste will be separated such that both waste forms meet ORNL waste acceptance criteria. Equipment that cannot be decontaminated to meet the fixed contamination limits, or are in excess of the established acceptance criteria, will be disposed as solid wastes, in accordance with the provisions of this plan. 6.3.2.2 RCRA Cleaninq. After radiological decontamination (if any) and release for unrestricted use, equipment to be reused for sampling purposes (e.g., sampling tools, drill flights, augers, d_ill stems) will be cleaned of any potentially remaining chemical contaminants. This RCRA cleaning will be accomplished at the ORNL RCRA Cleaning Area. Waste liquids generated by the cleaning process will be discharged _hrough the facility's silt fence. Solid waste generated by the cleaning process will be handled as conventional waste, in accordance with the provisions of Paragraph 6.5.22. 6.3.2.3 Solid Wastes. When practical or economical to do so, solid wastes will be decontaminated. Reusable items such as personal protective equipment (PPE) will be laundered and/or cleaned using on-site BNI or ORNL laundry and cleaning facilities. BNI facilities will utilize p_ocesses to minimize waste generation (e.g., dry cleaning). Also, to minimize the volume of waste, cleaning agents will be recycled and decontaminated to the maximum extent practical. Waste materials generated by BNI facilities will be handled in accordance with the provisions of this plan. i062m 6-15 Solid wastes for which decontamination is either impractical or uneconomical will be decontaminated to remove free standing or excessive absorbed liquids. Prior to packaging, bottles will be well-drained; absorbents (e.g., paper, cloth) will be squeezed dry; and if practical, liquids on or in porous materials (e.g., mops, wood) will be allowed to air dry. Slurries, sludges, and/or very wet drilling spoils will be processed through filter presses and/or mixed with ORNL-approved solidifying agents to absorb and fix the moisture. 6.3.2.4 Liquid Wastes. Liquid wastes generated by ORNL RI/FS project field activities (e.g., drilling muds, well development liquids, decontamination fluids) may be decontaminated to meet ORNL waste acceptance criteria. Decontamination may include such measures as pH adjustment, filtering, gravity settling, and ion exchange. Liquid wastes will not be decontaminated without specific direction from the Energy Systems Field Coordinator. 6.3.3 Containment Waste materials generated by ORNL RI/FS project field activities will be collected or contained until they can be characterized and segregated in accordance with the provisions of this plan. To the extent practical, these practices will include appropriate segregation concurrent with collection and containment. For example, separate containers would be provided for disposable protective clothing and reusable protective clothing; compactible and noncompactible materials; reusable or recyclable materials; and materials of no further use. Collecticn and containment practices will be planned and designed to preclude contamination of the surrounding work area and the environment. These practices will include, but not be limited to, such precautions such as: I062m 6-16 _ o Positive containment (e.g., tanks, drums)of liquid wastes o The use of ground covers, drill pans, metal drums, or lugger boxes for confinement of drill spills o Keeping dry and dusty drill spoils moistened as they are generated o Work area perimeter monitoring to document the effectiveness of containment practices 6.3.4 Health and Safety Monitorinq Activities generating waste known or suspected to be contaminated with radioactive or chemically hazardous materials will be monitored continuously by H&S personnel. If conditions other than those ! permitted by the Hazardous Work Permit (HWP) are encountered, operations shall be halted until such time that provisions are made to allow work to proceed in an ALARA fashion. Such provisions may include increasing PPE requirements or using remote handling equipment and/or shielding. In accordance with the requirements of the ORNL RI/FS ES&H Plan (BNI, 1987b), ALARA reviews of similar operations (e.g., shallow subsurface soil sampling) will be conducted to identify sources of unnecessary personnel exposure and to ascertain whether additional administrative or engineered controls would reasonably reduce exposures. 6.4 CHARACTERIZATION AND SEGREGATION Waste materials generated by RI/FS project field investigations (e.g., drilling spoils and muds, well development liquids, used protective clothing, decontamination residues) will be monitored for radioactive and chemically hazardous contaminants. To the extent practical, monitoring (with portable survey equipment of sufficient sensitivity and range to obtain readings that can confidently be o compared to the limits given in Table 6-2) and segregation will be accomplished concurrent with waste generation. Typical portable instrumentation will at a minimum include shielded thin-window GM, alpha scintillation, volatile organics, and pH detection equipment. i062m 6-17 To the extent practical, solid wastes will be physically segregated as they are generated. Segregation will include, but will not be limited to, individual containers, containment devices, or areas for the following: o Reusable protective clothing o Compactible waste o Noncompact ible waste o Glassware o Items that can be decontaminated o Soils or soil-like materials Additional segregation in accordance with Section 6.1 requirements may be required, depending on contaminant content or radiation levels at the exterior of the waste package. 6.4.1 Characterization and Seqregation of Soils Soil or soil-like materials constitute a special waste category that will be segregated in accordance with the ORNL "Health, Safety, and Environmental Protection Procedures for Excavating Operations" (Attachment C). These categories and segregation requirements are summarized in the following paragraphs. Cateqory I. Category I soils are those that, by direct field 2 screening measurements, exhibit less than 5.0 alpha Bq/100 cm ; less than 0.2 uGy/h of beta-gamma activity; and no detectable volatile organics during the drilling/excavating process. In addition, equipment producing Category I soils must exhibit less 2 than2 0.33 alpha Bq/100 cm and less than 3.3 beta-gamma Bq/100 cm transferable contamination. If there is h_storical evidence of alpha or low-level beta-gamma contamination, or if field screening measurements exceed any of the foregoing limits, a representative sample will be analyzed for radioactive or chemically hazardous contaminants, as appropriate. I062m 6-18 By laboratory analysis, Category I soils are those soils that exhibit contamination less than or equal to 0.33 alpha Bq/g and less than or equal to 1.8 beta-gamma Bq/g, and show concentrations of hazardous chemical substances less than the values listed in Table 6-4. Category I soils will be segregated from all other categories of soil. Category II. Category II soils are those that, by direct field screening measurements, exhibit equal to or greater than 5.0 alpha 2 2 Bq/100 cm and less than i00 alpha Bq/100 cm ; beta-gamma activity equal to or greater than 0.2 uGy/h and less than 50 uGy/h; and no detectable volatile organics during the drilling/excavating process. By laboratory analysis, Category II soils are those soils that exhibit greater than 0.33 alpha Bq/g and less than 0.75 alpha Bq/g; greater than 1.8 beta-gamma Bq/g and less than 450 beta-gamma Bq/g; and concentrations of hazardous chemical substances less than the values in Table 6-4. Category II soils will be segregated from ali other categories of soil. Category III. Category III soils are those that, by direct field screening measurements, exhibit equal to or greater than I00 alpha 2 Bq/100 cm ; equal to or greater than 50 uGy/h of beta-gamma activity; and no detectable volatile organics during the drilling/excavating process. Category III soils are those soils that, by laboratory analysis, exhibit equal to or greater than 0.75 alpha Bq/g; equal to or greater than 450 beta-gamma Bq/g; and concentrations of hazardous chemical substances less than those values shown in Table 6-4. Category III soils will be segregated from all other categories of soil and will be subject to further categorization in accordance with the provisions of Subsection 6.1. i062m 6-19 O TABLE 6-4 HEALTH-BASED SOIL CONCENTRATION CRITERIA i, ,,, Concentration (a) Chemical (mg/kg) , Acrylamide 2E-01 Acrylonitrile IE+00 Aldrin 4E-02 Allyl alcohol 4E+03 Aluminum phosphide 3E+02 Aniline 3E+02 Antimony 3E+02 Arsenic 4E-02 Barium cyanide 5E+04 Benz(a)anthracene 2E-OI Benzene 2E+OI Benzo(a)pyrene 6E-02 Beryllium 4E+03 Bis(2-chloroethyl)ether 6E-01 Bis(chloromethyl)ether (BCME) 7E-02 Eis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate IE+04 Bromoethane 3E+02 Cacodylic Acid (Hydroxydimethylarsine oxide) 7E+03 Cadmium Calcium cyanide 3E+04 Carbon disulfide 7E+04 Carbon tetrachloride 5E+00 Chlordane 4E+OI Chlorine cyanide 4E+04 l-Chloro-2,3 epoxypropane (Epichlorohydrin) 7E+01 Chloroform 9E+00 Chloromethyl Methyl Ether (CMME) 7E-02 Chromium (III) 7E+05 Chromium (Vl) Copper cyanide 5E+04 Cresols 4E+04 Cyanide IE+04 Cyanogen 3E+04 2,4-D 6E+03 DDT 7E-01 Dibenz(a,h)anthracene IE-02 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP) 3E-02 1,2-Dibromoethane 2E-02 Di-n-Butylphthalate 7E+04 Dichlorodifluoromethane IE+05 1,2-Dichloroethane 8E+O0 i,i Dichloroethylene IE+01 Dichloromethane (Methylene chloride) 6E+01 2,4-Dichlorophenol 2E+03 Dieldrin 4E-02 Diethyl phthalate 9E+06 i062m 6-20 TABLE 6-4 (Continued) Concentrat ion (a) chemical ,(mg/kq) , , , Diethylstilbestrol (DES) IE-03 Dimethoate IE+04 2,4-Dinitrophenol IE+03 2,4-Dinitrotoluene 2E+O0 I, 4-Dioxane IE+02 Diphenylamlne 2E+04 Disulfoton 3E+OI Endosulfan IE+OI Ethylene oxide 2E+O0 Fluorine 4E+04 Formic Acid IE+06 Heptachlor Epoxide 2E+OI Hexachlorobenzene 4E-OI Hexachlorobutadlene 9E+OI Hexachlorocyclopentadlene 5E+03 Hydrogen cyanide IE+04 Hydrogen sulfide 2E+03 Hydrazine, Hydrazine Sulfate 7E-02 Lindane (Hexachlo rocyc lohexane ) 2E+02 Maleic hydrazide 4E+05 O Mercury fulminate 2E+03IE+03 Methomyl 2E+04 3-Met hyl-cho lant hrene 7E-02 4,4-met hlene-bls-2-chloroanillne 4E+O0 Methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) 4E+04 Methyl ethyl ketone Peroxide (2-Butanone peroxide) 6E+03 Methyl mercury 2E+02 Nickel Nickel cyanide IE+04 Nitric oxide 7E+04 Nit robenzene 4E+02 Nitrogen dioxide 7E+05 2-Nit ropropane 7E-02 N-NI t r osod imet hylamine (Dimet hylnit r osamine) 3E-02 N-Nitroso-N-methyl urea 2E-03 N-Ni t roso-pyro i lidine 3E-OI Pentachlorobenzene 6E+02 Pentachloronit robenzene 3E+OI Pentachlorophenol 2E+04 Perchloroethylene (Tet rachloroethylene) IE+02 Phenol 7E+04 m-Phenylenediamine 4E+03 Phenyl mercuric acetate 6E+04 2E+02 Potassium cyanide 4E+04 Potassium silver cyanide IE+05 Pronamide (Kerb) 5E+04 Pyridine IE+03 io62m 6-21 TABLE 6-4 (Continued) , i ,,,, Concentrat ion(a) Chemical (mg/kq) Reserpine 7E-02 Selenlous acid 2E+03 Selenoureua 4E+03 Silver 2E+03 Silver cyanide 7E+04 Sodium cyanide 3E+04 Strychnine 2E+02 i, 2,4,5'Tetrachlorobenzene 2E+02 I, i, 2,2-Tet rachloroethane 4E+OI 2,3,4,6-Tet rachlorophenol 7E+03 Tetraethyl lead 7E+OI Thallic oxide 3E+02 Thallium acetate 4E+02 Thallium carbonate 3E+02 Thallium chloride . 4E+02 Thallium nitrate 4E+02 Thallium selenite 4E+02 Thallium sulfate 4E+02 Thiourea 4E-OI Toluene ' 2E+05 i, 2,4-Tr Ichlorobenzene IE+04 Tr ichloroethylene 6E+OI Tr ichloromonof luoromethane 2E+05 2,4,5-Tr Ichloropheno i 7E+04 2,4,5-Trlchlorophenoxy acetic acid 2E+04 Vanadium pentoxide IE+04 Zinc cyanide 4E+04 Zineb (Zinc ethyleneblsdlthiocarbamate) 4E+04 (a)These criteria are based on federal guidance; U.S. EPA, Waste Management Division, Office of Solid Waste, Draft RCRA FacilitF Investiqation (RFI) Guidance, EPA 530/SW-87-001, 4/87; and are subjec" to change. Errata to this plan will be issued as changes are published. In those cases where the criterion is less than the limit of detection (e.g., DES, N-Nitroso-N-,ethyl urea, etc.), the detection limit shall be used as a default value. The "UNITY RULE" shall be applied where two or more chemicals are detected, as shown in Equation 6-i. n C i HI = __ (Equation 6-1) i =i AL i I062m 6-22 O TABLE 6-4 (Continued) where; HI = the hazard index, which must be equal to oF less than "Unity"(i.0), or else the criterion for the chemical mixture has been exceeded. C i = concentration of the lth toxicant and/or carcinogen AL i = maximum acceptable level of the lth toxicant and/or carcinogen n = total number of toxicants or carcinogens i062m 6-23 Soils exhibiting concentrations of hazardous substances in excess of the limits expressed in Table 6-4 will be categorized as Hazardous/Mixed/TSCA wastes in accordance with the provisions of Subsection 6.1.4. 6.4.2 Characterization and. Segregation of Liquid Wastes As they are generated, liquid wastes will be containerized in mud tanks, bladder tanks, steel drums, tank trucks, or other such containers as appropriate. Liquid wastes will be field screened using portable beta-gamma, volatile organics, and pH detection equipment. Positive field measurements significantly in excess of the instruments' background, and/or with pH v&lues less than 6 or greater than 9, will require analytical assessment of contaminant concentrations. Liquid wastes that are suspected of being contaminated with radioactive and/or hazardous chemical materials but which pass field screening assessments will be analytically screened in the on-slte close support laboratory (CSL). Analytical screening will include gross alpha, gross beta, and gas chromatography (GC) measurements. Liquid wastes that exhibit a total radioactivity content of less than 9.0 Bq/L and less than or equal to the method detection limit for GC analysis will be considered uncontaminated and will be treated as a conventional liquid waste (see Subsection 6.2). CSL analytical scroening results in excess of these levels will require analytical assessment of contaminant concentrations. This characterization rationale will be used to classify liquid wastes in acco£dance with Subsection 6.2 categories. Liquid wastes exhibiting similar contaminant profiles may be composlted into larger and more environmentally stable containers (e.g., CSL liquid wastes into holding tanks) to provide more efficient scheduling of treatment and disposal and to mlnimize transportatlon hazards. I062m 6-24 6.4.3 Characterlzat_on and seqregation of Laboratory Wastes Solid and liquid wastes generated by the CSL will be collected, segregated, classified, packaged, certified, and transported in accordance with the provisions of this plan and its implementing procedures. Off-site laboratories will, upon completion of analysis, archive all sample extracts, fractions, and remainders for periods of up to 6 months. At the end of the archival period, or at BNI's direction, sample extracts, fractions, and remainders will either be routed to the Rf/FS project archive at the DOE's K-25 facility or returned to the ORNL for handling in accordance with this plan and its implementing procedures. Other solid and liquid wastes generated by off-slte laboratories that are uniquely identifiable with Rf/FS project samples (e.g., extraction procedure toxicity test.filters, byproducts of spill cleanups) will be collected, segregated, classified, packaged, and certified by the laboratory. The laboratory will then ship the waste packages to ORNL in accordance with DOT regulations (Subchapter C of Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations). The BNl GCO is responsible for inspecting incoming waste packages for conformance to ORNL waste treatment/storage/disposal acceptance criteria, the provisions of this plan and its implementing procedures, and DOT regulations. The laboratory will be issued a Nonconformance Report in accordance with Project Procedure 1305,"No nconformances, " for nonconforming shipments or packages. Nonconforming waste packages will be repackaged as may be necessary to meet the ORNL waste acceptance criteria. All other types of waste generated by off-site laboratories, as a result of processing RI/FS project samples, will be disposed in accDrdance with the laboratory's permits and licenses. 6.5 SOLID WASTE PACKAGING AND CERTIFICATION Solid wastes will be packaged and certified in accordance with ORNL waste management procedures and ORNL RI/FS project procedures i062m 6-25 (Subsection 4.4)_ The following subsections summarize solid waste categories and procedures. 6.5.1 Category i: Low-Ranqe ComPactible LLW Category 1 wastes will be collected in yellow garbage cans equipped with plastic bag liners and tlght-fitting llds. When a garbage can has been filled, or when a field activity at a specific investigation location has been completed, the bag w_,ll be securely taped closed. ORNL Form UCN-2785 ("Radiation Hazard" tag) will then be properly completed and securely affixed to the bag. The bag will be placed in a yellow dumpster, and the appropriate llne on ORNL Form UCN-16114 ("Log-ln Data Sheet for Generators of LLW") will be filled out in accordance with Rf/FS Project Procedure 1402. BNI certification of Category 1 waste packages will be accomplished by the GCO, whose signature will appear in the Note 3 llne (Package Preparation Certification) on ORNL Form UCN-16114. When the dumpster is full, the GCO will complete the appropriate portions of ORNL Form UCN-2822 ("Request for Storage or Disposal of Radioactive Solid Waste or Special Materials") and notify the FSS Manager (or in his absence, the Energy Systems Field Coordinator) that the dumpster is ready for transport. 6.5.2 Category 2: Low-Ranqe Noncomlactible LLW Category 2 wastes will be collected in sealable containers (e.g., plastic containers, metal cans, DOT specification 17H drums, or boxes). Category 2 waste packages will be posted with a properly completed ORNL Form UCN-2785 tag and placed inside a DOT specification 17H container. In some cases, such as when an item is too large to fit in an approved container and cannot be decontaminated to acceptable limits, items will be wrapped in plastic, taped securely closed, and posted with a properly completed I062m 6-26 ORNL Form UCN-2785. In either case, the item or container will have an associated, properly completed ORNL Form UCN-16114. When a DOT specification 17H container has been filled to capacity and properly closed (in accordance with Project Procedure 1402), a properly completed ORNL Form UCN-2785 will be conspicuously posted on the container. The GCO will then complete the appropriate portions of ORNL Form UCN-2822 and notify the FSS Manager that the container is ready for transport to the Solid Waste Storage Area (SWSA). BNI certification of Category 2 waste packages will be accomplished by the GCO's signature in the Note 3 certification llne of ORNL Fo_m UCN-16114. 6.5.3 Cateqory 3: Hiqh-Ranqe LLW Category 3 wastes will be packaged in metal containers (e.g., cans, drums, boxes) appropriately sized for the volume of waste. These containers will be posted with properly completed ORNL Form UCN-2785 and placed inside a bottom discharge biological shield (cask). Each container will be equipped with a rope or wire to facilitate its belnq lowered from the cask. Each cask will have an associated and properly completed ORNL Form UCN-16114 and will be posted with a properly completed ORNL Form UCN-2785 tag. The GCO will complete the appropriate portions of ORNL Form UCN-2822 and notify the FSS Manager that the cask is ready for transport to the SWSA. BNl certification of Category 3 waste packages will be accomplished by the GCO's signature in the Note 3 certification line of ORNL Form UCN-16114. 6.5.4 Cateqory 4: Hiqh-Ranqe LLW (Special Case) Packaging and disposal of Category 4 waste will require that special arrangements be made with the SWSA Supervisor. Such arrangements will be made through the Energy Systems Field Coordinator by the FSS I062m 6-27 _ Manager, or in his absence, the GCO. The GCO will be responsible for ensuring that ORNL Forms UCN-2785, UCN-2822, and UCN-16114 are properly completed and that the appropriate certification is executed. 6.5.5 Cateqory 5: U-235 Waste Category 5 waste will be packaged in a sealed container and posted with a properly completed ORNL Form UCN-2785. The appropriate portions of ORNL Forms UCN-16114 and UCN-2681 (ORNL Nuclear Materials Intra-Laboratory Transfer) will then be completed. The container is then placed inside a DOT Specification 17H container. When this container is filled to capacity, it will be closed in accordance with Project Procedure 1402 and will be conspicuously pnsted with a properly completed ORNL Form UCN-2785. The GCO will then complete the appropriate portions of ORNL Form UCN-2822 and notify the FSS Manager that the container is ready for transport to the SWSA. The GCO will also advise the FSS Manager that written approval of the Criticality Committee and the Office of Operational Safety is required. The FSS Manager will coordinate these approvals through the Energy Systems Field Coordinator. BNI certification of Category 5 waste packages will be accomplished by the GCO's dated signature in the Note 3 certification line of ORNL Form UCN-16114 and in the Material Balance Area Representative's signature block of ORNL Form UCN-2681. 6.5.6 Cateqory 6: Suspect LLW Category 6 wastes will usually result from facility construction, alteration, demolition, or field excavations. The packaging and certification of suspect waste soils is addressed in Subsections 6.5.25 through 6.5.27. Other Category 6 wastes will be packaged in containers (e.g., plastic containers, metal cans, dumpsters, dump trucks) sized for the volume of waste accumulated or anticipated. r_ Each such container will be conspicuously posted with a properlF W completed ORNL Form UCN-2491 ("Health Physics Restriction Tag") or i062m 6-28 "Brown Tag." The GCO will ensure that the appropriate portions of ORNL Form UCN-16114 are completed for each such package or container. When the container has been filled to capacity, the GCO will complete the appropriate portions of ORNL Form UCN-2822 and notify the FSS Manager that the container is ready for transport to t he SWSA. BNI certification of Category 6 waste packages will be accomplished by the GCO's signature in the Note 3 certification line of ORNL Form UCN-16114. 6.5 7 CateqorM 7: Radioactive Asbestos Waste Category 7 wastes will be packaged in polyethylene bags at least 0.2 mm thick with a double-sealed bottom seam. Each such bag will be taped securely closed and placed bottom side up inside a second bag of the same specifications. The second bag will be taped securely closed and conspicuously posted with a properly completed ORNL Form UCN-2785 and an ORNL Form UCN-10781 (asbestos "Caution" tag). Double-bagged Category 7 waste packages may be placed inside DOT Specification 17H containers, either because of radioactive materials content or because of excessive weight. Upon completion of packaging, the GCO will ensure that the appropriate portions of ORNL Form UCN-16114 have been properly completed. The GCO will then complete the appropriate portions of ORNL Form UCN-2822 and ORNL Form Number UCN-13386 ("Request for the Disposal of Asbestos or Material Containing Asbestos") and will then notify the FSS Manager that the package/container is ready for transport to the SWSA. The GCO will also notify the FSS Manager that review end approval by the ORNL Environmental Monitoring and Compliance (EMC) Department is required. The FSS Manager will coordinate the EMC Department review with the Energy Systems Field Coordinator. v I062m 6-29 BNl certification o£ Category 7 waste packages will be accomplished by the GCO's signature in the Note 3 certification line of ORNL Form UCN-16II4 and in the Requester's signature block of ORNL Form UCN-13386. 6.5.8 Cateqory 8: Contact-Handled TRU Waste Category 8 waste always will be @ackaged in sealable containers inside DOT or DOE Type A stainless steel containers obtained from the ORNL SWSA [e.g., 30-gal drum, 55-gal drum, or for special cases only DOE Type A box (e.g., 6.2 x 4.2 x 3.2 ft; 5.7 x 4.5 x 3.2 ft)]. The fissionable material content of these containers, as determined by laboratory analysis of a representative sample, shall not excoed: I00 g/30-gal drum; 200 g/50-gal drum; or 350 g/DOE Type A box. A properly completed ORNL Form UCN-2785 will be conspicuously posted on each interior package and on the outside of each Type A container. The GCO will ensure that the appropriate portions of the ORNL "Log-In Data Sheet-Transuranic (TRU) Waste Generation" form are properly completed for each interior package. When a Type A container has been filled to capacity, the GCO will complete the appropriate portions of ORNL Form UCN-2822 and, if fissionable materials and/or nuclear materials are present in combined quantities exceeding 5 g, ORNL Form UCN-2681. The GCO will then notify the FSS Manager that the container must be processed through the Waste Examination Assay Facility (WEAF) and that, if more than 5 g of fissile and/or nuclear materials are present, review and approval is required by the ORNL Office of Operational Safety and the Criticality Committee. The FSS Manager will coordinate these reviews and examinations through the Energy Systems Field Coordinator BNI certification of Category 8 waste packages will be accomplished by the GCO's signature in the Note 3 certification line of the ORNL "Log-lh Data Sheet-Transuranic (TRU) Waste Generation" form and, if necessary, in the Material Balance Area Representative's signature 1062m 6-30 _ 6.5.9 Cateqory 9: Remote-Handled TRU Waste Category 9 wastes will be packaged and certified exactly as required for Category 8 wastes except that individual waste packages will be placed in a special TRU waste cask obtained from the ORNL SWSA, provided the fissionable material content does not exceed 1 ib per cask. Alternatively, Category 9 wastes properly packaged in DOT Type A drums (30 gal and/or 55 gal DOT specification 17H stainless steel) will be placed in remotely handled Type A canisters obtained from the ORNL SWSA, provided that the fissionable material content does not exceed 1.3 ib per canister. 6.5.10 Cateqory I0: Characteristic Hazardous Waste Category I0 waste will be packaged in DOT specification 17H 30-gal or 55-gal, open-top drums obtained from the ORNL SWSA. The GCO will ensure that a properly completed ORNL Form UCN-14 ("Health Physics Material Transfer Clearance," or "Green Tag") is conspicuously and O securely posted on the DOT specification 17H drum. The GCO will also ensure that the appropriate portions of the ORNL "Log Sheet for Hazardous Waste" form and ORNL Form UCN-13698 ("Request for Disposal of Hazardous Waste Material") are properly completed. The GCO will then notify the FSS Manager that the drum is ready for transport. The GCO will also notify the FSS Manger that review and approval is required by the ORNL Hazardous Waste Supervisor. The FSS Manager will coordinate this review through the Energy Systems Field J Coordinator. BNI certification of Category i0 waste packages will be accomplished by the GCO's signature in the INITIALS column of the ORNL "Log Sheet for Hazardous Waste" form. 6.5.11 Category ii: Listed Hazardous Waste Category ii wastes will be packaged and certified exactly as required for Category I0 wastes. tD I062m 6-31 6.5.12 Category 12: Characteristic and Listed Hazardous Waste Category 12 wastes will be packaged and certified exactly as required for Category i0 wastes. 6.5.13 Cateqory 13: LLW Mixed Characteristic Waste Category 13 wastes will be packaged in accordance withJthe requirements of Subsections 6.5.10 and 6.5.1 through 6.5.4. Where packaging requirements conflict, the more restrictive requirements will apply. The ultimate packaging of Category 13 wastes exhibiting greater than 2 mSv/h will require that special arrangements be made with the ORNL Hazardous Waste Supervisor. The FSS Manager will be responsible for coordinating these arrangements with the Energy Systems Field Coordinator. The GCO will ensure that properly completed ORNL Forms UCN-2785 are conspicuously and securely posted on both the interior packages and O the outer containor. When an outer container has been filled to capacity, the GCO will ensure that the appropriate portions of the ORNL "Log Sheet for Hazardous Waste" form have been completed. The GCO will then complete the appropriate portions of ORNL Form UCN-13698 and notify the FSS Manager that the container is ready for transport. The GCO will also notify the FSS Manager that review and approval is required by the ORNL Hazardous Waste Supervisor. The FSS Manager will coordinate this review through the Energy Systems Field Coordinator. BNI certification of Category 13 waste packages will be accomplished by the GCO's signature in the INITIALS column of the ORNL "Log Sheet for Hazardous Waste". 6.5.14 Category 14: LLW _ixed Listed Waste Category 14 wastes will be packaged and certified exactly as required for Category 13 wastes. i062m 6-32 6.5.15 Cateqory 15: LLW Mixed Characteristic and Listed Waste Category 15 wastes will b_ packaged and certified exactly as required for Category 13 wastes. 6.5.16 Category 16: TRU Mixed Waste Category 16 wastes will be packaged in accordance with the requirements of Subsections 6.5.8, 6.5.9, and 6.5.10. Where packaging requirements conflict, the more restrictive requirements will apply. The ultimate packaging of Category 16 wa,stes exhibiting greater than 2 mSv/h will require special arrangements with the ORNL Hazardous Waste Supervisor. The FSS Manager will be responsible for coordinating these arrangements with the Energy Systems Field Coordinator. The GCO will ensure that properly completed ORNL Forms UCN-2785 are conspicuously and securely posted on both the interior packages and the outer container. The GCO will also ensure that the appropriate portions of the ORNL "Log-In Data Sheet-Transuranic (TRU) Waste Generation" form are properly completed for each waste package. When the waste container has been filled to capacity, the GCO will complete the appropriate portions of ORNL Forms UCN-2822 and UCN-2681 in accordance with Project Procedure 1402, noting that the contents include hazardous as well as TRU wastes. The GCO will then notify the FSS Manager that the container is ready for transport to the WEAF. The GCO will also notify the FSS Manager that if more than 5 g of combined fissionable and nuclear materials are present, review and approval is required by the ORNL Office of Operational Safety and Criticality Committee. The FSS Manager will coordinate these reviews and examinations through the Energy Systems Field Coordinator. BNI certification of Category 16 waste packages will be accomplished by the GCO's dated signature in the Note 3 certification line of the ORNL "Log-In Data Sheet-Transuranic (TRU) Waste Generation" fo Category 17 wastes will be packaged in accordance with the requirements of Subsections 6.5.5 and 6.5.10. When packaging requirements conflict, the more restrictive requirements will apply. The GCO will ensure that properly completed ORNL Form UCN-2785 is conspicuously and securely posted on both the interior packages and the outer container. When the outer container has been filled to capacity, the GCO will ensure that the appropriate portions of the ORNL "Log Sheet for Hazardous Waste" form have been completed for each waste package. The GCO Will then complete the appropriate portions of ORNL Forms UCN-2681 and UCN-13698 and notify the FSS Manager that the container is ready for transport to the SWSA. The GCO will also notify the FSS Manager that reviews and approvals are required by the ORNL Hazardous Waste Group Leader, criticality committee, and office of Operational Safety. The FSS Manager will coordinate these reviews through the Energy Systems Field Coordinator. BNI certification of Category 17 waste packages will be accomplished by the GCO's signature in the "INITIALS" column of the ORNL "Log Sheet for Hazardous Waste" form and in the Material Balance Area Representative's signature block of ORNL Form UCN-2681. 6.5.18 Cateqory 18: LLW Exception Mixed Listed Waste Category 18 wastes will be packaged and certified exactly as required for Category 17 wastes. 6.5.19 Category 19: LLW Exception Mixed Characteristic and Listed Waste Category 19 wastes will be packaged and certified exactly as required for Category 17 wastes. 0 q I '162m 6-34 i 6.5.20 Category 20: TSCA Waste Category 20 wastes will always be packaged in DOT Specification 17H 30-gal or 55-gal drums. When a drum has been filled to capacity, the GCO will ensure that an ORNL Form UCN-14 has been properly completed and conspicuously and securely posted on the drum. The GCO will also complete the appropriate portions of ORNL Form UCN-13698. The GCO will then notify the FSS Manager that the drum is ready for transport and that review and approval is required by the ORNL Hazardous Waste Supervisor. The FSS Manager will coordinate this review through the Energy Systems Field Coordinator. BNl certification of Category 20 waste packages will be accomplished by the GCO's signature in the "Waste Generator" block of ORNL Form UCN-13698. 6.5.21 Category 21: Radioactive TSCA Waste Category 21 wastes will be packaged in accordance with the requirements of Subsections 6.5.20 and 6.5.1 through 6.5.7° as appropriate for the radioactive materials content or the radiation levels. Where packaging requirements conflict, the more restrictive requirements will apply. The ultimate packaging of Category 21 wastes exhibiting greater than 2 mSv/h will require special arrangements with the ORNL Hazardous Waste Supervisor. The FSS Manager will be responsible fo£ coordinating these arrangements with the Energy Systems Field Coordinator. The GCO will ensure that properly completed ORNL Forms UCN-2785 are conspicuously and securely posted on the interior packages and the outer container. When the outer container has been filled to capacity, the GCO will ensure that all appropriate ORNL forms are completed, depending on radioactive material content and radiation levels. Completion of the appropriate portion of ORNL Form UCN-13698 will be the required minimum level of documentation. I062m 6-35 BNl certification of Category 21 waste packages will be accomplished in accordance with Subsections 6.5.Z0 and 6.5.1 through 6.5.7, as appropriate for the radioactive materials oontent of the package. 6.5.22 Cateqory 22: Disposable Conventional Waste Category 22 wastes will be placed directly into green dumpsters located on the RI/FS project field operations facility site or will be transported directly to the Y-12 Sanitary Landfill, depending on the type and quantity of waste involved. Routine contamination surveys will be performed of the dumpster and its immediate environment and the bulk shipments to the Y-12 Sanitary Landfill to ensure the absence of radioactive and/or hazardous chemical contaminants. The FHS Supervisor will ensure that a final contamination survey is performed on Category 22 wastes prior to their removal for disposal and that a properly completed ORNL Form UCN-14 is conspicuously and securely posted on the dumpster or truck. The FHS Supervisor will theiL notify the FSS Manager that the wastes are ready for disposal. The FSS Manager will coordinate the disposal with the ORNL Plant and Equipment (P&E) Division through the Energy Systems Field Coordinator. 6.5.23 Cateqory 23: Scrap Metal Waste Category 23 waste materials will be surveyed for radioactive and, if necessary, hazardous chemical contaminants. Items having contamination levels less than the limits specified in Subsection 6.3.2.1 will be conspicuously and securely posted with a properly completed ORNL Form UCN-14 and then placed in bins. When a bin has been filled to capacity, the FSS Manager will request a final contamination survey. The FHS Supervisor will ensure that a properly completed ORNL Form UCN-14 is conspicuously and securely posted on the bin. The FSS Manager will then coordinate through the Energy Systems Field Coordinator for pickup of the bin by the ORNL O P&E Division. i062m 6-36 6.5.#.4 Ca teqor7 24: Rocyclabl e Waste category 24 waste materials will be collected, surveyed, and disposed in accordance with the requirements of Subsection 6.5.23. 6.6 SOIL HANDLING CRITERIA Waste soll generated by ORNL Rf/FS project drilling and/or excavation activities will be handled and disposed in accordance with the ORNL "Health, Safety, and Environmental Protection Procedures for Excavating Operations" (Attachment C). Categories and appropriate actions are summarized in the following subsections. 6.6.1 Category I Soils Category I soils are considered to be uncontaminated, and as such, will be used for backfill or disposed in the Y-12 Sanitary Landfill. The GCO will ensure that containers or vehicles used for transportation of Category I soils are conspicuously and securely posted with a properly completed ORNL Form UCN-14. The FSS Manage_ will be responsible for coordinating disposal of Category I soils with the Energy Systems Field Coordinator. 6.6.2 Cateqory II Soils Category II soils may be used for limited backfill at the site of origin or in a contaminated zone (of similar radiation levels) that is remote from human occupation. Field emplacement of Category II soils will be covered with at least 30 cm of uncontaminated soil. The GCO will ensure that containers or vehicles used to transport Category II soils from the site of origin to the backfill location are conspicuously and securely posted with a properly completed ORNL Form UCN-2491. The FSS Manager will coordinate backfill operations involving Category II soils with the Energy Systems Field Coordinator. r i062m , 6-3? Packaging and certification of Category II soils not needed for backfill will be accomplished in accordance with the requirements of Subsection 6.5.2 (Category 2 solid waste). 6.6.3 Cateqor7 _,ll iSO_l s Category III soils or soils contaminated with hazardous chemicals in excess of the limits detailed in Table 6-4 will be handled in compliance with the requirements of the appropriate sections Qf Subsection 6.5, depending on contaminant type, contaminant concentration, or radiation levels. 6.7 LIQUID WASTE PACKAGING AND CERTIFICATION Liquid waste will be packaged and certified in accordance with ORNL waste management procedures and ORNL RI/FS project procedures (see Subsection 4.4), as summarized in the following subsections. 6.7.1 C__a!eqory i: Process Waste Treatment Plant (PWTP) Waste Category I wastes will be collected in containers convenient for the operation producing the waste (e.g., mud tanks, bladder tanks) and may be transferred to transportable tanks or DOT Specification 17E 55-gal drums for transportation to the PWTP. The GCO will ensure that a properly completed ORNL Form UCN-_2785 is conspicuously and securely posted on the container used to transport the waste. The GCO will be responsible for ensuring that the ORNL RI/FS project "Disposal of Radioactive Liquid Waste Certification Form" is properly completed in a timely fashion. The FSS Manager will be responsible for coordinating arrangements for disposal with the Energy Systems Field Coordinator. BNI certification of Category i waste will be accomplished by the GCO's dated signature on the "Person Certifying Analysis" line of the ORNL RI/FS project "Disposal of Radioactive Liquid Waste Form" in accordance with the requirements of RS/FS Project Procedure 1402. i062m 6-_8 6.7.2 Cateqo_y 2: LQW-_Level L_uid Waste Category 2 wastes will be packaged and certified exactly as required for Category I wastes. 6.7.3 Cateqor7 3: TRu Liquid Waste Category 3 wastes wi£1 be packaged and certified exactly as required for Category 2 wastes. 6.7.4 Cateqory 4: Characteristic Hazardous Liquid. Waste Category 4 wastes will be collected in DOT Specification 17E 55-gal d_ums for ignitable, reactive, or EP toxicity wastes, and in DOT Specification 6D 55-gal drums for corrosive wastes. The GCO will ensure that a properly completed ORNL Form UCN-14 is conspicuously and securely posted on the drum, that the appropriate portions of ORNL Form UCN-13698 are properly completed, and that a "Certified Chemical Analysis" is attached to the UCN-13698 form. The GCO will then notify the FSS Manager that the drum is ready for transportation. The FSS Manager will coordinate with the ORNL Hazardous Waste Supervisor for the transportation or pickup of Hazardous Chemical and Mixed Wastes through the Energy Systems Field Coordinator. , BNI certification of Category 4 waste will be accomplished by the GCO's signature in the "Waste Generator" block of ORNL Form UCN-13698. 6.7.5 Cateqor7 5: Listed Hazardous Liquid Waste . Category 5 wastes will be packaged and certified exactly as required for Category 4 wastes. i062m 6-39 6.7.6 CateaorY 6: Characteri_tlc and Listed Hazardous Liquid Waste Category 6 wastes will be packaged and certified exactly as required for Category 4 wastes. 6.7.7 Cateaory 7: Mixed PWTP Waste category 7 waste will be packaged and certified exactly as required for Category 4 wastes, except that the GCO will ensure that a properly completed ORNL Form UCN-2785 (instead of UCN-14) is conspicuously and securely posted on the drum. 6.7.8 CateqorY 8:.....Mixed Low-Level Liquid Waste Category 8 waste will be packaged and certified exactly as required for Category 4 wastes, except that the GCO will ensure that a properly completed ORNL Form UCN-2785 (instead of UCN-14) is conspicuously and securely posted on the drum. 6.7.9 Cateqory 9: Mixed TRU Liquid Waste Category 9 waste will be packaged and certified exactly as _equlzed for Category 4 wastes, except that the GCO will ensure that a properly completed ORNL Form UCN-2785 (instead of UCN-14) is conspicuously and secure].y posted on the drum. 6.7.10 Category I0: TSCA Liquid Waste Category i0 waste will be collected in DOT specification 17E 55-gal drums, posted and certified as required by Subsection 6.7.4 (Category 4 waste). i062m 6-40 6.7.11 Category II: Radioa_tlve T.SCA LiqUld Waste Category Ii waste will be completed in DOT Specification 17E 55-gal drums, conspicuously and securely posted with a properly completed ORNL Form UCN-2785 and certified as required for Category 4 wastes. 6.7.12 Cateqorv 12: Unc0ntaminate.d Liquid Waste Category 12 wastes will be collected in containers convenient for the operations producing the waste and may be transferred to transportable tanks, tanker trucks, or DOT Specification 17E 55-gal drums for transportation to the disposal location. The GCO will ensure that a properly completed ORNL Form UCN-14 is conspicuously and securely posted on the container. The FSS Manager will be responsible for coordinating disposal with the Energy Systems Field Coordinator. The FSS Manager will be responsible for ensuring that approval of the ORNL EMC section is obtained prior to disposal. The FSS Manager will coordinate the EMC section review through the Energy Systems Field Coordinator. 6.7.13 Cateqory 13: Sanitary Liquid Waste Category 13 waste will be discharged into an ORNL-approved septic tank system installed on the Rf/FS project field operations facility site. If Category 13 wastes are encountered during RI/FS field activities, they will be collected in transportable tanks or tanker trucks. The GCO will ensure that a properly completed ORNL Form UCN-14 is conspicuously and securely posted on the tank. The FSS Manager will be responsible for coordination of disposal of the Category 13 wastes with the Energy Systems Field Coordinator. Disposal will be at either the ORNL Sewage Treatment Plant, a Septic Tank, or in a holding tank until such time that the waste can be pumped to a transfer truck and be disposed in an approved manner. i062m 6-41 = 6.7.14 Cateqory 14: Recyclable Oil Category 14 wastes will be collected in DOT Specification 17E 55-gal drums. The GCO will ensure that each drum is conspicuously and securely posted with properly completed ORNL Forms UCN-14 and UCN-13698 ("Waste Oil/Oily Sludge"). The FSS Manager will be responsible for coordinating pickup of the drum with the Hazardous Waste Supervisor through the Energy Systems Field Coordinator. 6.8 WASTE PACKAGE TRANSPORTATION Waste materials that exhibit contamination levels in excess of Table 6-2 limits, as determined by field measurement techniques, or for which there is reason to suspect that they may be contaminated, will be contained and held until such time that laboratory analysis either confirms and d_fines, or denies, the presence of contamination. In most cases, waste packages will be transported from the generation location to a location specified by Energy Systems fo_ interim storage. In some cases (e.g., Category I solid wastes), estimates will be made of the radioactive materials' content and the waste packages transported directly to an interim collection point. In other cases (e.g., Category 22 solid wastes, Category 1 soils), the waste may be transported directly to its final destination. BNI will be responsible for transportation of waste packages from the point of collection to the Energy Systems-specified interim storage area, locations specified for interim collection (e.g., dumpsters), and directly to final destination (e.g., laundry, Y-12 Sanitary Landfill). Transportation of waste packages from RI/FS project locations and facilities to ORNL waste treatment/storage/ disposal facilities will be accomplished by Energy Systems. For the purposes of transportation only, waste materials will be classified and handled in accordance with the following requirements. ,',, i062m 6-42 6.8.1 Solid Wastes Solid wastes will be transported in accordance with known or suspected content characteristics, as defined in the following subsections. 6.8.1.1 Conventional and DOT Exempt Waste.Conventional waste will be collected and contained as may be appropriate for material (e.g., green dumpsters for refuse, dump trucks for Category 1 soils, bins for scrap metal and recyclable waste). BNI will transport conventional waste, via methods suitable for the collection containers, to designated disposal or pickup points. Other that the ORNL Form UCN-14 required by Paragraphs 6.5.22 through 6.5.24 and 6.6.1, the transportation of conventional waste will not require special labeling, placarding, or manifesting. Waste materials that exhibit contamination levels in excess of 4 Table 6-2 limits, but contain 7.4 x I0 Bq/kg or less of total radioactivity, will be packaged in strong tight containers suitable for the materials to be transported (e.g., cloth or plastic bags for contaminated PPE, plastic bags for Category 1 solid wastes) or as may be required in Section 6.5, whichever is more restrictive. Labeling of waste packages, placarding of transportation vehicles, and manifesting of shipments will not be required, except as provided for in Section 6.5. 6.8.1.2 Contact-Handled Waste. Waste materials that contain 4 greater than 7.4 x l0 Bq/kg° and exhibit radiation levels at the unshielded package surface of 2 mSv/h or less, will be packaged at the point of collection as required in Sections 6.5 and 6.6. Waste packages in this category will be transported in exclusive use vehicles, in accordance with the provisions of Project Procedure 1403. On-site shipments that do not require the use of public highways will not require special labeling, placardinq, or manifesting, • except as required in Section 6.5. - I062m 6-43 On-site shipments that require the use of public highways will be packaged in DOT specification containers as appropriate for the material (e.g., DOT Specification 17H or 6D, Type A drums) in accordance with the requirements of 49 CFR 173 and 49 CFR 178. Shipping containers will be labeled and marked in accordance with the requirements of 49 CFR 172.400 through 49 CFR 172 and 49 CFR 172.300 through 49 CFR 172.338, respectively. The transportation vehicle will be placarded in accordance with the requirements of 49 CFR 172.500 through 49 CFR 172.558. Shipping papers for the shipment itself will be in accordance with the requirements of 49 CFR 172.200 through 49 CFR 172.205, using ORNL Form UCN-12301 (Oak Ridge National Laboratory Radioactive Materials Packaging Certification), if required. The GCO will be responsible fox ensuring that required labeling, marking, and placarding are properly executed prior to shipment. The GCO also ensures that pertinent portions of ORNL Form UCN-12301 are properly completed and notifies the FSS Manager that the waste is ready for transport. The FSS Manager is responsible for ensuring that the RI/FS project waste package interim storage facility is notified of, and capable of accepting, the incoming shipment and for coordinating the shipment with the Energy Systems Field Coordinator. Detailed waste packaging and shipment requirements are contained in Project Procedures 1402 and 1403. Upon completion o£ the shipment, and prior to release of the transportation vehicle for unrestricted use, the FHS Supervisor will ensure that the vehicle is surveyed for residual contamination. If residual contamination levels in excess of Table 6-2 limits are detected, the vehicle will be decontaminated in accordance with the provisions of Paragraph 6.3.2. 6.8.1.Z Remote-Handled Waste. The FSS Manager will be responsible for making arrangements with the Energy Systems Field Coordinator for delivery of an appropriate bottom discharge biological shield (cask) for waste packages exhibiting in excess of O require2 mSv/h a thatt th_ waste 1_nshie!ded materials p_=_e be packaged surface. in DOTThe Spezhipmcntcification will 17H - i062m 6-44 30-gal or 55-gal drums to accommodate insertion into the cask. If the shipment requires the use of public highways, the GCO will be responsible for ensuring that radiation levels do not exceed I0 mSv/h at the cask's surface, 2 mSv/h at any external surface of the vehicle [or at any point on the vertical planes projected from the outer edge of the vehicle (for open vehicles)], and 0.i mSv/h at 6.5 ft from any external surface (or vertical planes projected from the outer edge) of the vehicle. Labeling of the cask, placarding of the transportation vehic-le, and manifesting and execution of the shipment will all be accomplished as specified in Paragraph 6.8.1.2 for on-site shipments requiring the use of public highways. 6.8.1.4 Hazardous Waste. This category represents a special transportation case for shipments requiring the use of public highways. In this case, hazardous wastes will be packaged at the point of collection as required by Section 6.5, in compliance with 49 CFR Parts 172, 173, 177, 178, and 179. If the waste is a mixed waste, the most restrictive of the radioactive and hazardous materials packaging requirements will apply, and the GCO will be responsible for assuring that all the provisions of Paragraphs 6.8.1.1 through 6.8.1.3 have been complied with. For either hazardous or mixed waste packages, ORNL Form UCN-14352 ("Hazardous Waste Manifest") will be completed. The GCO is responsible for certifying the shipment by dated signature in the "Transporter Authorized Representative" blocks of ORNL Form UCN-14352. The FSS Manager is responsible for coordinating with the Energy Systems Field Coordinator to obtain the required Energy Systems certifying signatures on ORNL Form UCN-14352 and for transportation to the Energy Systems-specified interim storage area. 6.8.2 Liquid Waste Liquid waste will be transported in accordance with known or suspected content characteristics, as defined in the following subsections. 1062m 6-45 O 6.8.2.1 Uncontaminated, Nonhazardous and DOT Exempt Waste. For the purposes of transportation only, this category includes uncontaminated liquid wastes (e.g., sanitary wastes, recyclable oil, those liquids that are not classifiable as RCRA or TSCA hazardous) and liquids containing 7.4 x 104 Bq/L or less of total radioactivity. This category of waste will be collected in containers suitable for the type of material (e.g., mud tanks, holding tanks, drums) and transferred as may be appropriate to shipping containers. Shipping containers may include such vessels or vehicles as may be appropriate [e.g., truck mounted bladder tanks, DOT Specification 17-E drums (for recyclable oil), tank trucks] that will provide safe and secure transportation. Except as required by Section 6.7, special waste package labeling, transportation vehicle placarding, and shipment manifesting will not be required. 6.8.2.2 Contact-Handled Waste. Liquid waste containing 4 radioactive materials in excess of a total activity of 7.4 x i0 Bq/L and exhibit radiation levels at the unshielded container surface of 2 mSv/h or less will be packaged at the point of collection as required in Section 6.7. Waste packages in this category will be transported in exclusive use vehicles, in accordance with the provisions of Project Procedure 1403. Except as required in Section 6.7, on-site shipments that do not require the use of public highways will not require special handling, labeling, marking, placarding, or manifesting. Such shipments may use bulk transport vessels or containers (e.g., truck mounted bladder tanks, tank trucks), if said containers provide for safe and secure transportation. On-site shipments that require the use of public highways will be packaged in DOT specification containers. This will normally require the use of DOT Specification 17E Type A drums. Bulk shipments may be made, however, if DOT Specification 103CW or IIIA60W7 tank cars/trucks are used. Shipping container labeling and i062m 6-46 marking, transportation vehicle placarding, and shipment manifesting will be executed in accordance with the requirements of Paragraph 6.8.1.2. / 6.8.2.3 Remote-Han_dled Waste. In the!ii_ili_kely event that remote-handled liquid waste (greater th_n _'_ mSv/h at the unshielded package surface) are generated by RI/FS project field activities, special arrangements for transportation will be made with Energy Systems. The FSS Manager is responsible for making these arrangements with the Energy Systems Field Coordinator. The GCO is responsible for ensuring that radiation levels, labeling, placarding, and manifesting comply with the requirements of Section 6.7 and Paragraphs 6.8.1.2 and 6.8.1.3. 6.8.2.4 Hazardous Waste. This category represents a special transportation case for shipments requiring the use of public highways. RCRA and/or TSCA hazardous liquids and mixed liquid wastes will always be packaged in DOT Specification 17E or 6D drums as appropriate for the material. Except as required in Section 6.7, on-site shipments not requiring the use of public highways will not require special labeling, placarding, or manifesting. If the waste is mixed waste, the GCO will be responsible for ensuring that all the provisions of Paragraphs 6.8.2.1 through 6.8.2.3 have been complied with. Labeling and marking of containers and placarding of the transportation vehicle will be executed in accordance with the requirements of Subparts E and F, respectively, of 49 CFR 172. Manifesting of the shipment will be executed in accordance with the requirements of Subpart C of 49 CFR 172, using ORNL Form UCN-14352. / The GCO is responsible for certifying the shipment by dated !, signature in the "Transporter Authorized Representative" blocks of ORNL Form UCN-14352. The FSS Manager is reEponsible for coordinating with the Energy Systems Field Coordinator to obtain the required Energy Systems certifying signatures on ORN_ Form UCN-14352 and for transportation to the Energy Systems specified interim storage area. i062m 6-47 7.0 RECORDS BNI will retain records of all waste management transactions, in the form of copies of each form utilized. In addition, BNI will generate and retain an independent record of each waste material transaction. These records may be generated and retained by either the Bechtel Bar Code System (BeCode) or by a manual system. In either case, records will provide for retention of the following minimum information: o Container identification (used only if appropriate) o Location at which the waste was generated (X, Y, & Z coordinates) o The date that the waste was removed from the ORNL RI/FS project work site o The date that the waste was transferred to Energy Systems' custody, or disposed of, if different than the generation date o Principal isotopes and/or hazardous substances (by CAS and/or EpA Hazardous Waste number) or field measurement values J o Total activity or quantity based on laboratory analysis, or a "best estimate" of total activity based on field measurements o Physical form of the waste material o Destination to which the waste materia was transferred o Person receiving the waste All such records will be maintained by BNI for the duration of the ORNL RI/FS project. At the completion of the project, BNI will provide Energy Systems with copies of these records. i i i ! i i j i 1229m 7-1 i ' q''r;P I! I_ ,r ,_I'" REFERENCES Bechtel Natlona], Inc. Team. 1987a. project Management Plan £or the Oak Ridge National Laborat0r Y Remedial Investigatlon/Feasibillty Stu_!u__. ORNL/RAP/Sub-87/99053/1. Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Bechtel National, Inc. Team. 1987b. Environmental, Safety and Health Plan for the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. ORNL/RAP/Sub-87/99053/3. Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Huang, S. F., W. A. Alexander, J. B. Watson, and T. W. Oakes. 1984. Preliminary Radiological Survey of the Gunite Waste Tanks in the South Tank Farm at ORNL. ORNL/CF-84/206. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Oak Ridge National Laboratory. 1986. Safety Assessment - Equipment Cleaning Facility, Building 7935. ORNL/ENG/SA-13447. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Oak Ridge National Laboratory. 1987. Remedial Investigation Plan for the Subsurface Characterization of the ORNL Hydrofracture Sites. ORNL/RAP-7. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Oakes, T. W. et al. 1987. Environmental Surveillance of the U.S. Department of Energy Oak Ridge Reservation and Surroundin_ Environs During 1986. ES/ESH-I/VI. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Peretz, F. J., B. R. Clark, C. B. Scott, and J. B. Berry. 1986. Characterization of Low-Level Liquid Wastes at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. ORNL/TM-10218. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. 0986m R-I ATTACHMENT A CHARACTERISTICSOF A HAZARDOUS WASTE i079m A-I ATTACHMENT A CHARACTERISTICS OF A HAZARDOUS WASTE A solid waste is defined as a hazardous waste in Subpart C of 40 CFR 261 if it exhibits any of the characteristics listed and defined below. CHARACTERISTIC OF IGNITABILITY (40 C_R 26] . 21) A solid waste exhibits the characteristic of ignitability if a representative sample of the waste has any of the following properties: o lt is a liquid other than an aqueous solution containing less than 24 percent alcohol by volume and has a flash point less than 60°C is determined by a Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester, using the test method specified in ASTM Standard D-93-79 or D-93-80; or a Setaflash Closed Cup Tester, using the test method specified in ASTM Standard D-3278-78. o It is not a liquid and is capable, under standard temperature and pressure, of causing fire through friction, absorption of moisture, or spontaneous chemical changes; and when ignited, burns so vigorously and persistently that it creates a hazard. o It is an ignitable compressed gas as defined in 49 CFR 173.300 and as determined by the test methods described in that regulation. o It is an oxidizer as defined in 49 CFR 173.151. A solid waste that exhibits the characteristic of ignitability, but is not listed as a hazardous waste in Subpart D of 40 CFR 261 (Attachment B), has the EPA Hazardous Waste Number of D001. CHARACTERISTIC OF CORROSIVITY (40 CFR 261.221 A soliu waste exhibits the characteristic of corrosivity if a representative sample of the waste has either of the following properties: I079m A-2 o lt is aqueous and has a pH less than or equal to 2 or greater than or equal to 12.5, as determined by a pH meter using EPA Test Method 5.2, as specified in "Test Methods for the Evaluation of Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods (SW-846)." o lt is a liquid and corrodes SAE 1020 steel at a rate greater than 6.35 mm per year at a test temperature of 55°C, as determined by the test method specified in National Association of Corrosion Engineers (NACE) Standard TM-01-69; and as standardized in "Test Methods for the Evaluation of Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods (SW-846)." A solid waste that exhibits the characteristic of corrosivity, but is not listed as a hazardous waste in Subpart D of 40 CFR 261 (Attachment B), has the EPA Hazardous Waste Number of D002. CHARACTERISTIC OF REACTIV!TY (40 CFR 261.23) A solid waste exhibits the characteristic of reactivity if a representative sample of the waste has any of the following properties: 0 o It is normally unstable a,_ readily undergoes violent change without detonation. o It reacts violently with water. o It forms potentially explosive mixtures with water. o When mixed with water, it generates toxic gases, vapors, or fumes in quantities sufficient to present a danger to human health or the environment. o lt is a cyanide or sulfide-bearing waste that, when exposed to pH conditions between 2 and 12.5, can generate toxic gases, vapors, or fumes in a quantity sufficient to present a danger to human health and the environment. o It is capable of detonation or explosive reaction if subjected to a strong initiating source or if heated under confinement. o lt is readily capable of detonation or explosive decomposition or reaction at standard temperature and pressure. 107_L A-3 - o It is a forbidden explosive as defined in 49 CFR 173.51, or a Class A explosive as defined in 49 CFR 173.53, or a Class B explosive as defined in 49 CFR 173.88. A solid waste that exhibits the characteristic of reactivity, but is not listed as a hazardous waste in Subpart D of 40 CFR 261, has the EPA Hazardous Waste Number of D003. CHARACTERISTIC OF EP TOXICITY (40 CFR 261.24) A solid waste exhibits the characteristic of EP toxicity if, using the test methods described in "Test Methods for the Evaluation of Solid Waste, Physlcal/Chemlcal Methods (SW-846)," the extract from a representative sample of the waste contains any of the contaminants listed in Table A-I at a concentration equal to or greater than the values given in that table. Where the waste contains less than 0.5 percent filterable solids, the waste itself, after filtering, is considered to be the extract. A solid waste that exhibits the characteristic of EP toxicity, but is not listed as a hazardous waste in Subpart D of 40 CFR 261 (Attachment B), has the EPA Hazardous Waste Number that corresponds to the toxic contaminant causing it to be hazardous, as specified in Table A-I. Io79m A-4 TABLE A-I MAXIMUM CONCENTRATION OF CONTAMINANTS FOR CHARACTERISTIC OF EP TOXICITY EPA ' Maximum Hazardous Concentration Waste No. Contaminant (mq/L) D004 Arsenic 5.0 D005 Barium I00.0 D006 Cadmium i.o D007 Chromium 5.0 D008 Lead 5.0 D009 Mercury 0.2 D010 Selenium 1.0 D011 Silver 5.0 D012 Endrln 0.02 D013 Lindane 0.4 D014 Methoxychlor I0.0 D015 Toxaphene 0.5 D016 2,4-D I0_0 D017 2,4,5-TP (Silvex) 1.0 i079m A-5 ATTACHMENT B LISTS OF HAZARDOUS WASTES i096m B-I ATTACHMENT B LISTS OF HAZARDOUS WASTES A solid waste is classified as hazardous if lt is on any of the lists included herein as Tables B-I through B-4. For each table, classes and types of hazardous waste are assigned one of the following Hazard Codes: Ignitable Waste (1) Corrosive Waste (C) Reactive Waste (R) EP Toxic Waste (E) Acute Hazardous Waste (H) Toxic Waste (T) I096m B-2 TABLE B-1 HAZARDOUSWASTES FROM NONSPECIFIC SOURCES (40 tFR 261.32) Industry and EPA Hazard Hazardous Waste Wo. Hazardous Waste Code F019 Wastewater treatment sludges from the chemical conversion coating (T) of aluminum. FOOT Spent cyanide plating bath solutions from electroplating operations. (R,T) FO08 Plating bath residues from the bottom of plating baths from electro- (R,T) plating operations where cyanides are used in the process. FOO9 Spent stripping and cleaning bath solutions from electroplating (R,T) operations where cyanides are used in the process. FOIO quenching bath residues from oii baths from metal heat treating (R,T) operations where cyanides are used in the process. F011 Spent cyanide solutions from salt bath pot cleaning from metal heat (R,T) treating operations. F012 Quenching waste water treatment sludges from metal heat treating (T) operations where cyanides are used in the process. F024 Wastes, including but not limited to, distillation residues, heavy ends, (T) tars, and reactor clean-out wastes from the production of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons, having carbon contertt from one to five, utilizing free radical catalyzed processes. (This listing does not include light ends, spent filters and filter aids, spent dessicants, wastewater, wastewater treatment sludges, spent catalysts, and wastes listed in §261.32.) F020 Wastes (except wastewater and spent carbon from hydrogen chloride purl- (H) ftcation) fr_n the production or manufacturing use (as a reactant, chemical intermediate, or component in a formulating process) of tri- pesticide derivatives. (This listing does not include wastes from e or tetrachlorophenol, or of intermediate_ used to produce their the production of Hexachlorophene from highly purified 2,4,5- trichlorophenol.) F021 Wastes (except wastewater and spent carbon from hydrogen chloride purl- (H) flcation) from the manufacturing use (as a reactant, chemical intermediate, or component in a formulating process) of pentachlorophenol, or of intermediates used to produce its derivatives. F022 Wastes (except wastewater and spent carbon from hydrogen chloride (H) purification) from the manufacturing use (as a reactant, chemical intermediate, or component in a formulating process) of tetra-, penta-, or hexachlorobenzenes under alkaline conditions. F023 Wastes (except wastewater and spent carbon from hydrogen chloride ouri- (H) ficatlon) from the produCtibn of materials or equip_nt previously used for the production or manufacturing use (as a reactant, chemical intermediate, or component in a formulating process) of tri- and tetrachlorophenols. (This listing does not include wastes from equipment used only for the production or use of Hexachlorophene from highly purified 2,4,5-trlchlorophenol.). F026 Wastes (except wastewater and spent carbon from hydrogen chloride purl- (H) fication) from the production of materials or equipment previously used for manufacturing use (as a reactant, chemical intermediate, or component in a formulatlng process) of tetra-, penta-, or hexa- chlorobenzene under alkaline conditions. F027 Discarded unused formulations containing tri-, tetra-, or pentachloro- (H) phenol or discarded unused formulations containing :ompounds derived from these chlorophenols. (This listing does not include formulations containing Hexachlorophene synthesized from prepurified 2,4,5-trichlorophenol as the sole component.) F028 Residues resulting from the incineration or thermal treatment of so_l (T) contaminated with EPA Hazardous Waste Nos. F020, F02], F022, F023, F026, and F027. "(I,T) should be used to specify mixtures containing ignitable and toxic constituents. 1218m B-3 TABLE B-2 HAZARDOUS UASTES FROM SPECIFIC SOURCES (40 CFR 261.32) Industry and EPA Hazard Hazardous Waste No. Hazardous Waste Code Wood preservation:_ottom sediment sludge from the treatment of wastewaters from wood (T) KOOI preserving processes that use creosote andor pentachlorophenol Inorganic pigments: KOO2 Wastewater treatment sludge from the production of chrome yellow and (T) orange pigments KOO3 Wastewater treatment sludge from the production of molybdate orange (T) pigments KO04 Wastewater treatment sludge from the production of zinc yellow pigments (T) KOO5 Wastewater treatment sludge from the production of chrome green (T) pigments KO06 Wastewater treatment sludge from the production of chrome oxide green (T) pigments (anhydrous and hydrated) KO07 Wastewater treatment sludge from the production of iron blue pigments (T) KOO8 Oven residues from the production of chrome oxide green pigments (T) Organic chemicals: KO09 Distillation bottoms from the production of acetaldehyde from ethylene (T) KGIO Olstillation side cuts from the production of acetaldehyde from ethylene (T) KOII Bottom stream from the wastewater stripper in the production of (R,T) acrylonitrile K013 Bottom stream from the acetonitrile column in the production of (R,T) acrylonitrile K014 Bottom stream from the acetonitrile purification column in the (T) production of acrylonitrile KOI5 Still bottoms from the distillation of benzyl chloride (T) K016 Heavy ends or distillation residues from the production of carbon tetra- (T) chloride KDf7 Heavy ends (still bottoms) from the purification column in the production (T) of eplchlorohydrin KOI8 Heavy ends from the fractionation colunm in ethyl chloride production (T) KoIg Heavy ends from the distillation of ethylene dichloride in ethylene (T) dichloride production KD2O Heavy ends from the distillation of vinyl chloride in vinyl chloride (T) monomer production KO21 Aqueous spent antimony catalyst waste from fluoromethanes production (T) K022 Distillation bottom tars from the production of phenol/acetone from (T) cumene K023 Distillation light ends from the production of phthalic anhydride from (T) naphthalene K024 Distillation bottoms from the production of phthalic anhydride from (T) naphthalene KO93 Distillation light ends from the production of phthalic anhydride from (T) ortho-xylene K094 Oistillation bottoms from the production of phthallc anhydride from (T) ortho-xylene K025 Oistillation bottoms from the production of nitrobenzene by the nltraLion (T) of benzene K026 Stripping still tails from the production of methy ethyl pyridines (T) K027 Centrifuge and distillation residues from toluene diisocyanate production (R,T) K028 Spent catalyst from the hydrochlorinator reactor in the production of (T) 1,1,1-trichloroethane Ko2g Waste from the product steam stripper in the production of (T) 1,1,1-trichloroethane K095 Distillation bottoms from the production of 1,l,l-t-ichloroethane (T) K096 Heavy ends from the heavy ends column from the production of (T) 1,1,1-trichloroethane K030 Column bottoms or heavy ends from the combined production of (T) trichloroeLhylene and perchloroethylene KO83 Distillation bottoms from aniline production (T) KID3 Process residues from ani_line extraction from the production of aniline (T) 1218m B-4 TABLE B-2 (Contlnued) Industry and EPA Hazard Hazardous Waste No. Hazardous Waste Code KI04 ' Combined wastewater streams generated from nltrobenzene/anlllne production (T) K085 Oistillation or fractionation column bottoms from the production of (T) chlorobenzenes KI05 Separated aqueous _tream from the reactor product washing step in the (T) production of chlorobenzenes Klll Product washwaters from the production of dinltrotoluene via nitration (C,t) of toluene K112 Reaction by-product water from the drying column in the production of (T) toluenedlamine via hydrogenation of dinitrotoluene KI13 Condensed liquid light ends from the purification of toluenediamine in (T) the production of toluenediamine via hydrogenation of dinitrotoluene KI14 Vicinals from the purification of toluenediamine in the production of (T) of toluenediamine via hydrogenation of dinitrotoluene KII5 Heavy ends from the purification of toluenediamine in the production of (T) toluenedlamine via hydrogenation of dinitrotoluene K116 Organic condensate from the solvent recovery column in the production of (T) toluene diisocyanate via phosgenation of toluenediamine K117 Wastewater from the reactor vent gas scrubber in the production of (T) ethylene dlbromide via bromination of ethene KII8 Spent adsorbent solids from purification of ethylene dibromide in the (T) production of ethylene dibromide via bromination of ethene K136 Still bottoms from the purification of ethylene dibromide in the (T) production of ethylene dibromlde via bromination of ethene Inorganic chemicals: K071 Brine purification muds from the mercury cell process in chlorine (T) production, where separately prepurlfied brine is not used K073 Chlorinated hydrocarbon waste from the purification step of the diaphragm (T) cell process using graphite anodes in chlorine production KI06 Wastew_ter treatment sludge from the mercury cell process in chlorine (T) production Pesticides: K031 By-product salts generated in the production of MSHA and cacodylic acid (T) K032 Wastewater treatment sludge from the production of chlordane (T) K033 Wastewater and scrub water from the chlorination of cyclopentadiene in (T) the production of chlordane K034 Filter solids from the filtration of hexachlorocyclopentadiene in the (T) production of chlordane K097 Vacuum stripper discharge from the chlordane chlorinator in the production (T) of chlordane K035 Wastewater treatment sludges generated in the production of creosote (T) K036 $ti11 bottoms from toluene reclamation distillation in the production of (T) dlsulfoton K037 Wastewater treatment sludges from the production of disulfoton (T) K038 Wastewater from the washing and stripping of phorate _roduction (T) K039 Filter cake from the filtration of diethylphosphorodithioic acid in the (T) production of phorate K040 Wastewat*r treatment sludge from the production of phorate (T) K041 Wastewater treatment sludge from the production of toxaphene (T) K098 Untreated process wastewater from the production of toxaphene (T) K042 Heavy ends or distillation residues from the distillation of tetrachloro-(T) benzene in the production ot 2,4,5-T. K043 2,6-Oichlorophenol waste fr¢_ the production of 2,4-0 (T) K099 Llntreated wastewater from the production of 2,4-D (T) K123 Process wastewater (including supernates, filtrates, and washwaters) from (T) the production of ethylenebisdlthiocarbarnic acid and its salt K124 Reactor vent scrubber water from the production of ethylenebisdithio- (C,T) carbamic acid and its salts K125 Filtration, evaporation, and centrifugation solids from the production of (T) ethylenebisdithiocarbarnic acid and its salts K126 Baghouse dust and floor sweepings in milling and packaging operaLion_ (T) from the production or formulation of ethylenebisdithiocarbarnic acid and its salts 1218m B 5 TABLE B-2 (Cotlttnued) Industry and EPA Hazard Hazardous Waste No. Hazardous WasL_ Code Explosives: K044 Wastewater treatment sludges from the manufacturing and processing of (R) explosives K045 Spent carbon from the treatment of wastewater containing explosives (R) K046 Wastewater treatn_nt sludges from the manufacturing, formulation, and (T) loading of lead-based initiating compounds K047 Pink/red water from TNT operations (R) Petro Refining: K048 Dissolved air Flotation (DAF) Float from the petroleum refining industry (T) KO49 Slop oil emulsion solids from the petroleum refining industry (T) K050 Heat exchanger bundle cleaning sludge from the petroleum refining industry (T) K051 API separator sludge from the petroleum refining industry (T) KO52 Tank bottoras (leaded) from the petroleum refining industry (T) Iron and steel: KO61 Emission control dust/sludge From the primary production of steel in (T) electric furnaces K062 SpeRt pickle 11quor generated by steel finishing operations of Facilities (C,T) within the iron and steel industry (SIC Codes 331 and 332) Secondary lead: Ko6g Emission control dust/sludge from secondary lead smelting (T) KIOO Waste leaching solution from acid leaching of emission control dust/ (T) sludge from secondary lead smelting Veterinary pharmaceuticals: K084 Wastewater treatment sludges generated during the production of veterinary (T) pharmaceuticals from arsenic or organo-arsenlc compounds KlOl Distillation tar residues from the distillation of aniline-based compounds (T) in the production of veterinary pharmaceuticals from arsenic or organo- arsenic compounds KID2 Residue from the use of activated carbon For decolorization in the pro- (T) duction of veterinary pharmaceuticals from arsenic or organo-arsenic compounds Ink formulation: K086 Solvent washes and sludges, caustlc washes and sludges, or water washes (T) and sludges from cleaning tubs and equipment used in the formulation of ink from pigments, driers, soaps, and stabilizers containing chromium and lead Coking: K060 Ammonia still lime sludge from coking operations (T) KOB7 Decanter tank tar sludge From coking operations (T) 1218m B-6 TABLE B-3 ACUTE HAZARDOUS DISCARDED COHHERCIAL PRODUCTS, OFF-SPECIFICATION SPECIES, CONTAINER RESIDUES, AND SPILL RESIDUES THEREOF Hazardous Chemical Waste No. Abstracts No. Substance P023 107-20-0 Acetaldehyde, chloro- POO2 591-08-2 Acetamide, N-(amtnothioxomethyl) P057 640-19-7 Acetamide, 2-fluoro- P058 62-74-8 Acetic acid, fluoro-, sodium salt P066 16752-77-5 Acetimidic acid, N-_(methylcarbamoyl)oxy]thio-, methyl ester PO02 591-08-2 l-Acetyl-2-thiourea PO03 107-02-6 Acrolein PO70 116-06-3 A1dlcarb PO04 309-00-2 Aldrin PO05 107-18-8 Allyl alcohol PO06 20859-73-8 Aluminum phosphide (R,T) PO07 2763-96-4 5-(Aminon_thyl)-3-isoxazolol PO08 504-24-5 4-alpha-Aminopyridine PO09 131-74-8 Ammonium picrate (R) PI19 7803-55-6 Ammonium vanadate POlO 7778-39-4 Arsenic acid P012 I327-5_-3 Arsenic oxide As_O_ P011 1303-28-2 Arsenic oxide As20s POll 1303-28-2 Arsenic pentoxide P012 1327-53-3 Arsenic trioxide P038 692-42-2 Arsine, diethyl P036 696-28-6 Arsonous dichloride, phenyl- P054 151-56-4 Azirldine P013 542-62-I Barium cyanide P024 106-47-8 Benzenamine, 4-chloro- P077 100-01-6 Benzenamine, 4-nitro- P028 100-44-7 Benzene, (chloromethyl)- P042 51-43-4 1,2-Benzenediol, 4-[l-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]-, (R)- P046 122-09-8 Benzeneethanamine, alpha,alpha-dimethyl- P014 108-98-5 Benzenethiol POOl '81-81-2 2H-1-Benzopyran-2-one, 4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-l-phenylbutyl)-, and salts P028 100-44-7 Benzyl chloride POI5 7440-41:7 Beryllium dust PO16 542-88-IBis(chloromethyl) ether PO17 598-31-2 Bromoacetone P018 357-57-3 Brucine P021 592-01-8 Calcium cyanide P022 75-15-0 Carbon bisulfide P022 75-15-0 Carbon disulfide P095 75-44-5 Carbonic dichloride P023 107-20-0 Chloroacetaldehyde P024 I06-47-8 p-Chloroaniline P029 544-92-3 Copper cyanide PO30 Cyanides (soluble cyanide salts), not otherwise specified PO31 460-19-5 Cyanogen P033 506-77-4 Cyanogen chloride P034 131-89-5 2-Cyclohexyl-4,6-dinitrophenol P036 696-28-6 Diochlorophenylarsine P037 60-57-1 Dieldrin P038 692-42-2 Oiethylarsine P041 311-45-5 Diethyl-P-nitrophenyl phosphate PO40 297-97-2 O,O-Oiethyi O-pyrazinyl_phosphorothtoate P043 55-91-4 Diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DEP) PO04 309-00-2 1,4:5,8-Oimethanonaphthalene, 1,2,3,4,10,lO-hexachloro-l,4,4a,S,8,8a- hexahydro-,(lalpha,4alpha,4abeta,5alpha,8alpha,8abeta)- PO60 465-73-6 1,4:5,8-Dimethanonaphthalene, 1,2,3,4,lO,lO-hexachloro-l,4,4a,S,8,8a hexahydro-,(lalpha,4alpha,4abeta,5beta,8beLa,8abeta)- P037 60-57-I 2,7:3,6-Dimethanonaphth[2,3b]oxirane, 3,4,5,6,9,9..hexachloro la,2,2a,3,6, 6a,7,7a-octahydro-.,(laalpha,2beta,2aalpha,3beta,6beta,6aalpha,7beta, 7aalpha)- 1218m B-7 TABLE B-3 (Continued) Hazardous Chemical Waste No. Abstracts No. Substance P051 " 72-20-8 2,7:3,6-Oimethanonaphth[2,3b]oxirane, octahydro-,(laaipha,2beta,2abeta, ' 3alpha,6alpha,6abeta,7beta,7aalpha)- P044 60-5]-5 Dtmethoate P045 39196-]8-4 3,3-Dimethyl-l-(methylthio)-2-butanone, O-[(methylamtno)carbonyl] oxime P046 122-09-8 alpha,alpha-Oimethylphenethylamtne P047 1534-52-1 4,6-Ointtro-o-cresol and salts P048 51-28-5 2,4-Dinitrophenol PO20 88-85-7 Dinoseb P085 152-16-9 Oiphosphoramide, octamethyl- P039 298-04-4 Oisulfoton P049 541-53-7 2,4-Dithtobiuret PO50 115-29-7 Endosulfan P088 145-73-3 Endothal P051 72-20-8 Endrin P042 51-43-4 Epinephrine PIOI 107-12-0 Ethyl cyanide P054 151-56-4 Ethyleneimine P097 52-85-7 F_nphur P056 7782-41-4 Fluorine P057 640-19-7 Fluoroacetamide P058 62-74-8 Fluoroacetic acid, sodium salt P065 628-86-4 Fulminic acid, mercury(Z+)salt (R,T) P059 76-44-8 HepLachlor P062 757-58-4 Hexaethyltetraphosphate P116 79-19-6 Hydrazinecarbothloamlde P068 60-34-4 Hydrazine, methyl- P063 74-974-900--8 HydrocHydrogenyanic cyan acideid P096 7803-51-2 Hydrogen phosphide P064 624-83-9 Isocyanic acid, methyl ester PO60 465-73-6 Zsodrin PO07 2763-96-4 3(2fl)-Zsoxazolone, 5-(aminomethy1)- P092 62-38-4 Mercury,(acetato-O.)phenyl- P065' 628-86-4 Mercury Fulminate (R,T) P082 62-75-9 Methamine, N-methyl-N-nitroso- P016 542-88-I Methane, oxybis[chloro- PII2 509-14-8 Methane, tetranitro- (R) P118 75-70-7 Methanethiol, trihloro- PO50 115-29-7 6,9-Methano-2,4,3-benzodioxathiepen, 6,7,8,9,10,10-hexachloro- 1,5,5a,6,9, 9a-hexahydro-,3-oxide P059 76-44-8 4,7-Methano-IH-indene, 1,4,5,6,7,8,8-heptachloro-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro- P066 16752-77-5 Methomyl P067 75-55-8 2-Methyla_iridine P068 60-34-4 Methyl hydrazine P064 624-83-9 Methyl Isocyanate P069 75-86-5 2-Methyllactonitrile P07I 298-00-0 Methyl parathion P072 86-88-4 alpha-Naphthylthiourea P073 13463-39-3 Nickel carbonyl P073 13463-39-3 Nickel carbonyl, (T-4)- P075 154-11-5 Nicotine and salts P076 i0}02-_3-9 Nitric oxide P077 100-01-6 P-Nitroaniline P078 I0102-44-0 Nitrogen dioxide P076 I0102-43-9 Nitrogen oxide NO P078 10102-44-0 Nitrogen oxide NO2 P081 55-63-0 Nitroglycerine (R) P082 62-75-9 N-Nitrosodlmethylamine P084 454g-40-0 N-Nitrosomethylvinylamlne P074 557-19-7 Nickel cyanide P085 152-16-9 Octamethylpyrophosphoramide P087 20816-12 0 Osmium oxide 1218m B8 TABLE B-3 (Continued) i Hazardous Chemical Waste No. Abstracts No. Substance _,,,== _ P087 Z0_16-12-0 Osmium tetroxtde P088 '145-73-3 7_Oxabicyclo[Z,2,1]heptane-2,3-dtcarboxylic acid P089 56-38-2 Parathion P034 !31-89-5 Phenol, 2-cyclohexyl-4,6-dinttro- P048 51-28-5 Phenol, 2,4-dtnttro- P047 t534-SZ-1 Phenol, 2-methyl-4,6-dtnitro- and salts PO20 88-B5-7 Phenol, 2-(l-methylpropyl)-4,6-dinitro- PO09 131-74-8 Phenol, 2,4,6-trinitro-, ammonium salt (R) P092 62-38-4 Phenylmercury acetate P093 t.03-85-5 Phenylthiourea P094 _!98-02-2 Phorate P095 ",_ _75-44-5 Phosgene P096 7803-51-2 Phosphine P041 , _i_11-45-5 Phosphoric acid, diethyl 4-nitrophenyl ester P039 298-04-4 Phosphorodtthioic acid, O,O-diethyl S-[2-(ethylthio)ethyl] ester P094 _ 298-02-2 Phosphorodithiolc acid,O,O-diethyl S-[(ethylthio)methyl] ester P044 _60-51-5 Phosphorodithioic acid, O,O-dimethyl S[2-(methylamino)-Z-oxoethyl] ester P043 55-91-4 Phosphorofluoric acid, bis(l-methylethyl)- ester POB9 56-38-2 Phosphorothioic acid, O,O-diethyl O-(4-nitrophenyl) ester PO40 297-97-2 Phosphorothioic acid, O,O-diethyl O-pyrazinyl ester P097 i'_52-85-7 Phosphorothloic acid, O_[4-[(dimethylamino)_ulfonyl]phenyl] O,O-dimethyl ,' ester P071 '_9B-O0-O Phosphorothlolc acid, O,O-dimethyl O-(4-nitrophenyl) ester PllO 178-00-0 Plumbane, tetraethyl- P098 I_I-50-8 P_tassium cyanide P099 506-61-6 Potassium silver cyanide PO70 11_-06-3 Propanal, 2-methyl-2-(methylthio)-, O-[(methylamino)carhonyljoxime P101 1017-12-0 Propanenitrile P027 542-76-7 Propanenitrile, 3-chloro- P089 75-86-5 Propanenttrile, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl- P081 55,_63-0 1,2,3-Propanetriol, trinitrate (R) P017 598-_1-2 2-Propanone, 1-bromo- P102 107-1,9-7 Propargyl alcohol PO03 107-0'_-8 2-P,ropenal POO5 107-18-6 2-Propen-l-ol P067 75-55-8 1,2-Propylanimine P102 591-08-2 2-Propyn-l-ol PO08 504-24-5 Pyridinamine P075 _54-II-5 Pyridine, (S)-3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrelidinyl)-, and salts PIll 107-49-3 Pyrophosphoric acid, tetraethyl ester P103 630-10-4 Selenourea PI04 506-64-9 Silver cyanide PIOS 26628-22-8 Sodium azide P106 143-33-9 Sodium cyanide P107 1314-96-1 Strontium sulfide PI08 t57-24-9 Strychnidin-lO-one, and salts POIB 357-57-3 Stryc_nidin-10-one, 2,3-dimethoxy- PI08 _57-24-9 Strych,_ine and salts PII5 I0031-59-I Sulfuric acid, thallium(1) salt PI09 3689-24-5 Tetraethyldithiopyrophosphate Pl10 78-00-Z Tetraethyl lead P111 107-49-3 TetraethylpyrophosphaLe Pl12 509-14-8 Tetranitromethane (R) P062 757-58-4 Tetraphosphoric acid, hexaethyl ester Pl13 1314-32-5 Thallic oxide P113 1314-32-5 Thallium(III) oxide Pl14 12039-52-0 Thallium(1) selenite P115 I0031-59-I Thallium(1) sulfate PI09 3689-24-5 Thiodiphosphoric acid, tetraethyl ester P045 39196-18-4 Thiofanox P049 541-53-7 Thiomidodicarbonic diamide PO14 108-98-5 T_lophenol Plt6 79-19-6 Thiosemicarbazide 1218m B-9 TABLE B-3 (Continued) Hazardous Chemical Waste No, Abstracts No, ,Substance P026 5344-82-1 Thiourea, (2-chlorophenyl)- P072 86-88-4 Thiourea, 1-naphthalenyl- P093 103-85-5 Thiourea, phenyl- P123 8001-35-2 Toxaphene P118 76-70-7 Trlchloromethanethiol Pl19 7803-55-6 Vanadic actO, ammonium salt P120 1314-62--1 Vanadium(V) oxide P084 4549-40-0 Vinylamine, N-methyl-N-nitroso- POOl 81-81-2 Warfarin P121 557-21-1 Zinc cyanide P122 1314-64-7 Zinc phosphide (R,T) ICAS Number given for parent compound only (a)Unless otherwise designated, these commercial chemical products, manufacturing chemical intermediates, and off-speclficatlon commercial chemical products or manufacturing chemical intermediates are identified as acute hazardous wastes (H). = 1218m B-lO TABLE B-4 TOXIC DISCARDED COMMERCIAL CHEMICAL PRODUCTS,OFF-SPECIFICATION SPECIES, CONTAINERRESIDUES, AND SPILL RESIDUES THEREOF (al Hazardous Chemical Waste No.Abstracts No. Substance UOOl 75-07-0 Acet_lldehyde (1) U034 75-87-6 Acetaldehyde, trichloro- U187 6Z-44-Z Acetamide, N-(4-ethoxyphenyl)- UOq5 53-g6-3 Acetamide,N-gH-fluoren-2-yl U112 141-78-6 Acetic acid, ethyl ester (I) U144 301-04-2 Acetic acid, lead salt U214 563-68-8 Acetic acid, thallium (I+) salt U232 93-76-5 Acetic acid, (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)- U002 67-64-1 Acetone (I) U003 75-05-8 Acetonitrile (I,T) UOO4 98-86-2 Acetophenone U005 53-96-3 2-Acetylaminofluorene U006 75-36-5 Acetyl chloride (C,R,T) U007 79-06-I Acrylamide UO08 79-10-7 Acrylic acid (I) U009 107-13-I Acrylonitrile U011 61-82-5 Amitrole U012 62-53-3 Aniline (I,T) U014 492-80-8 Auramine UOI5 115-02-6 Azasertne U010 50-07-7 Azirino(2',3':3,4)pyrrolo[1,Z-a]indole-4,7-dione,6-amino-8-[((aminocar-. . bonyl)oxy)methyl]-1,1a,2,8,Ba,Bb-hexahydro-5a-methoxy-5-methyl- U157 50-49-5 Benz[j]aceanthrylene, 1,2-dihydro-3-_thyl- / U016 225-51-4 3,4-Benzacridine U017 98-87-3 Benzal chloride U192 23950-58-5 Benzamide, 3,5-dichloro-N-(1,1-diethyl-2-propynyl)- U018 56-55-3 Benz[a]anthracene / U094 57-m?-6 Benz[a]anthracene, 7,12-dimethyl- , U072 62-53-3 Benzenamine (1,T) / U014 492-80-8 Benzenamine, 4,4'-carbonimldoylbis[N,N-dimethyl- U049 3165-93-3 Ben_enamine, 4-chloro-2-methyl- U093 60-11-7 Benzenamine, N,N-dimethyl-4-(phenylazo)- U328 95-53-4 Benzenamine, 2-methyl- U353 106-49-0 Benaenamlne, 4-methyl- U158 101-14-4 Benzenamine, 4,4'-methylanebis[2-chloro- U222 636-21-5 Benzenamtne, 2-methyl-, hydrochloride UIBI g9-55-8 Benzenamine, 2-methyl-5-nitro- U019 71-43-2 Benzene U038 510-15-6 Benzeneacetic acid, 4-chloro-alpha-(4-chlorophenyl)-alpha-hydroxy, ethyl ester U030 101-55-3 Benzene, 1-br_no-4-phenoxy- U035 305-03-3 Benyenebutanoic acid, 4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]- U037 108-90-7 Benzene, chloro- U221 25376-45-8 Benzenediamlne, ar-methyl- U028 117-81-7 1,2-P_nzenedicarbo_ylic acid, bis(2-ethylhexy) ester U069 84-74-2 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dibutyl ester U088 84-66-Z i,2-Benzenedicarbo_ylic acid, diethyl ester U102 131-11-3 1,2-BenzePedicarboxylic acid, dimethyl ester U107 I17-84-0 1,2-Benzenedicarboxyllc acid, di-n-octyl ester U070 95-50-I Benzene 1,2-dichloro- U071 541-73-I Benzene 1,3-dichloro- U072 106-46-7 Benzene 1,4-dichloro- U060 72-54-8 Benzene 1,1'-(2,Z-dlchloroethylldene)bis[4-chloro- U017 98-87-3 Benzene (dichloromethyl)- U223 26471-62-5 Benzene 1,3-diisocyanatomethyl-(R,T) U239 1330-20-7 Benzene dimethyl-(l,T) U201 108-46-3 1,3-Benzenediol U127 118-74-I Benzene, hexachloro- U056 110-82-7 Benzene. hexahydro- (1) U220 108-8,9-3 Benzene, methyl 1218m B-11 TABLE B-4 (Continued) Hazardous Chemical Waste No. Abstracts No. Substance U105 121-14-2 Benzene 1-methyl-2,4-dtnitro- U106 608-20-2 Benzene 2-methyl-l,3-dtnttro- U055 96. B2-8 Benzene (1-methylethyl)- (1) U169 9B-95-3 Benzene nitro- (I,T) U183 608-93-5 Benzene pentachloro- U185 82-68-8 Benzene pentachloronttro- U020 96-09-9 Benzenesulfonic acid chloride (C,R) U020 96-09-9 Benzenesulfonyl chloride (C,R) U207 95-94-3 Benzene, 1,2,4,5-tetrachloro- U061 50-29-3 Benzene, 1,1,-(2,2,2-trlchloroethylidene)bis[4-chloro- U247 72-43-5 Benzene, 1,1,-(2,2,2-btchloroethylidene)[4-methoxy- U023 98-07-7 Benzene, (trichloromethyl)- (C,R,T) U234 g9-35-4 Benzene, 1,3,5-trinitro- (R,T) U021 92-97-5 Benzidine U202 '81-07-2 1,2-Benzisothiazol-3-(2H)-one, 1,1-dloxide and salts U203 94-59-7 l,3-Benzodloxole, 5-(2-propanyl)- U141 120-58-1 1,3-BenzodlOxole, 5-(1-propanyl)- U090 94_58-6 1,3-Benzodtoxole, 5-propyl- U064 189-55-9 Benzo[rst]pantaphene U022 50.32-8 Benzo[a]pyrena U197 108-51-4 p-Benzoqutnone U023 98-07-7 BenzoLrichlorlde (C,R,T) U085 1464-53-5 2,2'-Bioxlrane (1,T) U021 92-87-5 [1,1,-Biphenyl]-4,4'diamlne U073 91-94-1 [l,1,Biphenyl]-4,4'-dianline, 3,3'-dlchloro- U091 119-90-4 [l,l,-Blphenyl]-4,4'-dlamine, 3,3'-dimethoxy- U095 119-93-7 [1,1,.-Biphenyl]-4,4'-diamine, 3,3'-dimethyl- U027 39698-32-9 Bi_(2-chloroisopropyl) ether U024 111-91-1 Bts(2-chloromethoxy) ethene U026 117-81-7 r Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate U225 75-25-2 Bromoform U030 101-55-3 4-Bromophenyl phenyl ether U128 87-68-3 1,3-Butadiene, 1,1,2,3,4,4-hexachloro- U172 924-16-3 1-Butanamine, N-butyl-N-nitroso- U031 71-36-3 1-Butanol (I) U159 78-93-3 2-Butanone (1,T) U160 1338-23-4 2-Butanone peroxide (R,T) U053 4170-30-3 2-Butenal U074 764-41-0 2-Butene, 1,4-dichloro-(I,T) U143 303-34-4 2-Butenoic acid, 2-methyl-, 7-[(2,3-dihydroxy-2-(1-methoxyethyl)-3-methy 1-1- oxybutoxy)methyl]-2,3,5,Ta-tetrahydro-l-pyrrolizin-l-yl ester, [IS-(ialpha(Z),7(2S,3R), 7aalpha]]- U031 71-36-3 n-Butyl alcohol (1) U136 75-60-5 Cacodyllc acid U032 13765-19-0 Calcium chromate U238 51-79-6 Carbamic acid, ethyl ester UITB 615-53-2 Carbamic acid, methylnitroso-, ethyl ester U097 79-44-7 Carbamic chloride, dimethyl- UII4 1111-54-6 Carbamodithioic acid, 1,2-ethanediylbis-,salts and esters U062 2303-16-4 Carbamothioic acid, bls(1-methylethyl)-S-(2,3-dichloro-2-propenyl) ester U215 6533-73-9 Carbonic acid, dithallium(l+) salt U033 353-50-4 Carbonic difluoride U156 79-22-I Carbonochloridic acid, methyl ester (I,T) U033 353-50-4 Carbonic o_yfluoride (R,T) U211 56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride U034 7S-87-6 Chloral U035 305-03-3 Chlorambucil U036 12789-03-8 Chlordane U026 494-03-I Chlomaphazlne U037 108-90--7 Chlorobenzene U039 59-50-7 p-Chloro..m cresol U041 I06-89.-B l-Chloro-2,3-epoxypropane 1218m B-12 TABLE 8-4 (Continued) Hazardous Chemical WasteNo. Abstracts No. Substance U042 110-75-8 2-Chloroethyl vinyl ether U044 67.66-3 Chloroform U046 107-30-2 Ctlloromethyl methyl ether U047 91-58-7 beta-Chloronaphthalene U048 95-57-8 o-Chlorophenol U049 3165-93-3 4-Chloro-o-toluidine, hydrochloride UO32 13765-19-0 chromic acid, calcium salt UO50 218-01-9 Chrysene U051 8021-19-4 Creosote UOS2 1319-77-1 Cresols (Cresylic acid) U053 41T0-30-3 Crotnnaldehyde U055 98-82-8 Cumene (1) U246 506-68-1 Cyanogen bromide U197 106-51-4 2,5-Cyclohexadiene-1, 4-dione U056 110-82-7 Cyclohexane (1) U057 108-94-1 Cyclohexanone (1) U130 77-47-4 1,1-Cyclopentadiene, 1,2,3,4,5,5-hexachloro- U058 50-18-0 Cyclophosphamide U240 _94-75-7 2,4-D, salts and esters U059 20830-81-3 Oaunomyctn U060 72-54-8 DDD U061 50-29-1 DDT U062 2303-16-4 Dtallate U063 51-70-3 Oibenz[a,h]anthracene U064 189-55-9 Oibenzo[a,i]pyrene U066 96-12-8 1,2-Oibromo-l-ch_oropropane U069 B4-74-2 Dibutyl phthalate U070 95-50-I o-Oichlorobenzene U071 541-73-1 m-Oichlorobenzene U072 106-46-7 p-Oichlorobenzene U073 91-94-1 3,3|-Oichloroben zidine U074 764-41-0 1,4-Dichloro-2-butene (1,T) =J075 75-71-8 Oichlorodifluoromethane U078 75-35-4 1,1-Olchloroethylene U079 156-60-5 1,2-Oichloroethylene U025 111-44-I Oichloroethyl ether U081 120-83-2 2 4-Oichlorophenol U082 87-65-0 2 6.-Oichlorophenol U240 _94-75-7 2 4-Oichlorophenoxyacetic acid, salts and esters U083 78-87-5 1 2-Oichloropropane U084 542-75-6 1 1-Oichloropropene U085 1464-53-5 1 2:3,4-Oiepoxybutane (I,T) U106 121-91-1 1 4-Diethyleneoxide U086 1615-80-1 N N-Oiethylhydrazine U087 3288-58-2 00-Olethyl-S-meLhyl-dithiophosphate U088 84-66-2 Diethyl phthalate U089 56-53-1 Oiethylstilbestrol U090 94-58-6 Dihydrosafrole U091 119-90-4 1,3,-Dimethoxybenzidine U092 124-40-3 Dimethylamine (1) U093 60-11-7 Oimethylaminoazobenzene U094 57-97-6 7,12-Oimethylb_nz[a]anthracene U095 119-93-7 1,3'-Dimethylbunzidine U096 80-15-9 alpha,alpha-Dimethylbenzylhydroperoxide (R) U097 79-44-7 Dimethylcarbamoyl chleride U098 57-14-7 1,1-Dimethylhyarazine U099 540-73-8 1,2-Oimethylhydrazin_ UI01 I05-67-9 2,4-Oimethylphenol UI02 131-11-1 Dimethyl phthalate UI03 77-78-I Dimethyl sulfate UlO5 121-t4.-2 2,4 Oinitrotoluene UI06 606-20 2 2,6-Olnitrotoluene 1218111 Bl1 TABLE B-4 (Continued) Hazardous Chemical Waste No. Abstracts No. Substance U107 117-84-0 Oi-n-octyl phthalate U108 12.3-91-1 1,4-Oioxane U109 122-66-7 1,2-Oiphenylhydrazine Ul10 142-84-7 Dtpropylamine (1) Ulll 621-64-7 Di-n-propylnitrosamine U001 75-07-0 Ethanal (1) U174 55-18-5 Ethan_mine,N-ethyl-N-nitroso- U155 91-80-5 1,Z-Ethanediamine, N,N_dimethyl-N,-2-pyridtny1-N'-(2-thienylmethyl)- U067 106-93-4 Ethane 1,2-dibromo- U076 75-34-3 Ethane 1,1-dtchloro- U077 107-06-2 Ethane 1,2-dtchloro- U131 67-72-1 Ethane hexachloro- U024 111-91-1 Ethane 1,1,-[methylenebis(oxy)]bis[2-chloro- Ul17 60-29-7 Ethane 1,1'-oxybis- (I) U025 111-44-4 Ethane 1,1'-oxybis[2-c hloro- U184 76-01-7 Ethane pentachloro- U208 630-20-6 Ethane 1,1,1,2-tetracnloro- U209 79-34-5 Ethane 1,1,2,2-tetrachloro- U218 62-55-5 Ethanethioamide U227 110-80-5 Ethanol, 2-ethoxy- u35g 79-00-f Eth_ne, 1,1,2-trtchloro- U173 1116_54-7 Ethanol, 2,2'-(nitrosoimino)bis UO04 98-a6-2 Ethanone, l-phenyl- U043 75T01-4 Ethene, chloro- U042 110-75-_ Ethene, (2-chloroethoxy)- U078 75-35-4 Ethene, 1,1-dichloro- U079 156-60-f Ethene, 1,2-dtchloro-, (E)- U210 127-18-4 Ethene, tetrachloro U22B 79-01-6 Ethene, trichloro Ul12 141-78-6 Ethyl acetate (1) Ul13 140-88-5 Ethyl acrylate (1) U238 11-79-6 Ethyl carbamate U038 510-15-6 Ethyl 4,4'-dichlorobenzilate U114 111-14-6 Ethylenebisdithiocarbamic acid, salts and esters U067 106-93-4 Ethylene dibromide U077 107-06-ZEthylene dichloride U359 110-80-5 Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether Ul15 75-21-8 Ethylene oxide (I,T) Ul16 96-45-7 Ethylene thiourea Ul17 60-Zg-7 Ethyl ether (1) U076 75-34-3 Ethylidene dichloride UIIB 97-63-2 Ethyl methacrylate Ul19 62-50-0 Ethylmethanesulfonate U120 206-44-0 Fluoranthene U122 50-00-0 Formaldehyde U123 64-18-6 Formic acid (C,T) U124 110-00.-9 Furan (I) U125 96-01-1 2-Furancarboxaldehyde (1) U147 106-31-6 2,5-Furandione U213 I09-99-9 Furan, tetrahydro-(I) U125 96-01-1 Furfural (1) U124 110-00-9 Furfuran (1) U208 18883-66-4 D-Glucopyranose, 2-deoxy-2(3-methy1-3-nitrosoureido)- U126 765-34-4 Cycidylaldehyde U163 70-25-7 Guanidine, N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitroso- U127 118-74-1 Hexachlorobenzene U128 87-68-3 Hexachlorobutadiene U129 58-88-9 Hexachlorocyclohexane (gamma isomer) U130 77-47-4 Hexachlorocyclopentadiene • U131 67-72-I Hexachloroethane U132 70-30--4 Hexachlorphene U243 1888-71-7 Hexachloropropene 1218m B-14 TABLE B-4 (Continued) Hazardous Chemical Waste No. Abstracts No. SubsLance U133 302-01-2 Hydrazine (R,TJ U066 1615-80 -1 Hydrazine, 1,2-diethyl- U098 57-14-7 Hydrazine, 1,1-dimethyl- U099 540-73-8 Hydrazine, 1,2-dimethyl- U109 122-66-7 Hydrazine, 1,2-diphenyl- U134 7664-39-3 Hydrofluoric acid (C,T) U134 7664-39-3 Hydrogen fluoride (C,T) U135 7783-06-4 Hydrogen sulfide U096 80-15-9 Hydroperoxide, 1-methyl-_-phenyl_thyl- (R) U136 75-60-5 Hydroxydimethylarsine oxide Ul16 96-45-7 2-ImidazolidJnethione U137 193-39-5 Indeno_l,2,3cd]pyrene U139 9004-66-4 Iron dextran U190 85-44-9 1,3-1sobenzofurandione U140 78-83-I Isobutyl alcohol (I,T) U141 120-5B-1 Isosafrole U142 1"__0-.0 Kepone U143 303-34-4 Lasiocarpine U144 301-04-2 Lead acetate U146 1335-32-6 Lead, bis(acetato-O)tetrahydroxytri- U145 7446-27-7 Lead phosphate U146 1335-32-6 Lead subacetate U129 58-89-9 Lindane U147 108-31-6 Maleic anhydride U148 123-33-1 Maleic hydrazide U149 109-77-3 Malononitrile U150 148-82-3 Melphalen U151 7439-97-6 Mercury U152 126-98-7 Methacrylonitrile (I,T) UU92 124-40-3 Methanamine, N-methyl- (I) U029 74-B3-9 Methane bromo- U045 74-87-3 Methane chloro- (I,T) U046 107-30-2 Methane chloromethoxy- U068 74-95-3 Methane dibromo- U080 75-09-2 Methane dichloro- U075 75-71-8 Hethane dichlorodifluoro- U138 74-88-4 Methane iodo- U119 62-50-0 Methanesulfonic acid, ethyl ester U211 56-23-5 Methane, tetrachloro- U153 74-93-1 Methanethiol (1,T) U225 75-25-2 Hethane, tribro_o- U044 67-68-3 Methane, trichloro- U121 75-69-4 Methane, trichlorofluoro- U123 64-18-6 Methanoic acid (C,T) U154 67-56-1 Methanol (1) U155 91-60-5 Methapyrilene U142 143-50-0 1,3,4-Methano-2H-cyclobuta[cd]pentalen-2-one, 1,1a,3,3a,4,5,S,Sa,Sb,6- decachlorooctahydro- U247 72-43-5 Methoxychlor U154 67-56-1 Methyl alcohol (1) U029 74-83-9 Hethyl bromide U186 504-60-9 1-Methylbutadiene (1) U045 74-87-3 Hethyl chloride (1,T) U156 79-22-1 Methylchlorocarbonate (1,T) U226 71-55-6 Hethylchloroform U157 56-49-5 3-Hethylcholanthrene U158 I01-14-4 4,4'-Methylenebis(2-chloroaniline) U068 74-95-3 Methylene bromide U080 75-09-2 Methylene chlorlde U159 78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) (I,T) U160 1338-23-4 Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (R,T) U138 74-88-4 Methyl _odide U161 106-10 I MethTl isobutyl ketone (I) 1218m B-15 TABLE B-4 (Continued) Hazardous Chemical Waste No. Abstracts No. Substance U162 80-62-6 Methyl methacrylate (I,T) U163 70-25-7 N-Methyl-N'-nitro-N-nltrosoguanidine U161 108-10-1 4-Methyl-2-pentanone (1) U164 56-04-2 Methylthiouracil U010 50-07-7 Mitomycin C U059 20830-81-3 5,12-Naphthacenedione, (8S-cis)-8-acetyl-10-[(3-amino-Z,3,6-trideoxy)-alpha- L_1yxo_hexopyranosyl)oxy]-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,8,11-trihydroxy-1-neethoxy- U165 91-20-3 Naphthalene U047 91-58-7 Naphthalene, 2-chloro- U166 130-15-4 1,4-Naphthalenedione U238 72-57-I 2,7-Naphthalenedisulfonic acid, 3,3,-[(3,3,dimethyl-(l,1'biphenyl)-4,4' diyl)]-bis(azo)bis(5-amlno-4-hydroxy)-, tetrasodium salt U166 130-15-4 1,4-Naphthequinone U167 134-32-7 alpha-Naphthylamlne U168 91-59-8 beta-Napthylamine U026 494-03-1 2-NapLhthylamine, N,N'-bis(2-chloromethyl)- U167 134-32-7 l-Napththylenamine U168 91-59-8 2-Napththylenamine U217 10102-45-1 Nitric acid, thallium(l+) salt U169 98-95-3 N_trobenzene (1,T) U170 100-02-7 p-Nitrophenol U171 79-46-9 2-Nttropropane (1,T) U172 924-16-3 N-Nitrosodt-n-butylamine U173 ]116-54-7 N-Nttrosodiethanolamine U174 55-18-5 N-Nitrosodiethylamine U176 759-73-9 N-Nltroso-N-ethylurea U177 684-93-5 N-Nltroso-N-_ethylurea U178U179 610015--5375--24 NN-Nitr-Nttrosoosop-N-mipeeridinethylurethane U180 930-55-2 N-Nltrosopyrrolidine .. UI81 99-55-8 S-Nitro-o-toluidine U193 1120-71-4 1,2-Oxathiolane,.2,2-dioxide U058 50-18-0 2H-1,3,2-Oxazaphosphorin-2-amine, N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)tetrahydro-, 2-o×ide U115 75-21-8 Oxirane (I,T) U126 765-34-4 Oxiranecarboxyaldehyde U041 106-89-8 Oxirane, (chloromethyl)- U182 123-63-7 Paraldehyde U183 608-93-5 Pentachlorobenzene U184 76-01-7 Pentachloroethane U185 82-6R-8 Pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB) U242 87-86-5 Pentachlorophenol U186 504-60-9 1,3-Pentadiene (1) U187 62-44-2 Phenacetin U188 108-95-2 Phenol U048 95-57-8 Phenol 2-chloro- U039 59-50-7 Phenol 4-chloro-3-methyl- U061 120-83-2 Phenol 2,4-_ichloro- U062 87-65-0 Phenol 2,6-dichloro- U089 56-53-] Phenol 4,4,-(1,2-diethyl-l,2-ethenediyl)bis-, (E)- U101 105-67-9 Phenol 2,4-dimethyl- U052 1319-77-3 Phenol methyl- U132 70-30-4 Phenol 2,2'-methylenebis[3 4,6-trichloro- U170 100-02-7 Phenol 4-nitro- U242 87-86-5 Phenol pentachloro- U212 58-90-2 Phenol 2,3,4,6-tetrachloro- U230 95-94-4 Phenol 2,4,5-trichloro- U231 88-06-2 Phenol 2,4,6-trichloro- UISO 148-82-3 L-PhenKlalanine, 4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]- U145 7446-27-7 Phosphoric acid, lead salt U067 3288-58-2 Phosphorodithioic acid, O,O-diethyl-, S-methyl-, ester U189 108-95-2 Phosphorous sulfide (R) U190 85-44-9 Phthalic anhydride 0 1218m B-16 TABLEB-4 (Continued) Hazardous Chemical Waste No. Abstracts No. Substance U191 I09-05-8 2-Picoline U179 I00-75-4 Piperidine, l-nitroso- U192 23950-58-5 Pronamide U194 107-I0-8 1-Propanamine (I,T) Ul11 621-64-7 1-Propanamine, N-nitroso-N-propyl- UIIO 142-84-7 1-Propanamine, N-propyl- (I) U066 96-12-8 Propane, 1,2-dibromo-3-chloro- U149 109-77-3 Propanedinitrile U171 79-46-9 Propane, 2-nltro-(I,T) J U027 39638-32-9 Propane, 2,Z'-oxybis[Z-chloro- U193 1120-71-4 1,3-Propane sultone U235 126-72-7 ]-Propanol, 2,3-dibromo-, phosphate (3:1) U140 78-83-1 1-Propanol, Z-methyl- (1,T) UO02 67-64-I 2-Propanone (I) U084 542-75-6 ]-Propane, 1,3-dichloro- U152 126-98-7 2-Propanenitrile, 2-methyl- (I,T) UO07 79-06-I 2-Propanamide U243 1888-71-7 l-Propane, hexachloro- UO09 107-13-1 2-Propenenltrile UO08 76-10-7 2-Propenoic acid (I) U113 140-88-5 2-Propenoic acid, ethyl ester (I) U118 97-83-2 2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, ethyl ester (I,T) U162 80-66-2 2-Propenoic acid, Z-methyl-, methyl ester (1,T) U233 93-72-1 Propionic acid, 2-(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)- U194 107-10-8 n-Propylamlne (I,T) U063 78-87-5 Propylene dichloride U148 123-33-1 3,6-Pyridazinedione, ],2-dihydro- U198 110-86-I Pyridine U191 109-06-8 Pyridine, Z-methyl- U237 66-75-1 2,4(IH,3H)-Pyrimidinedione, 5-[bis(2-chloroeLhyl)amino]- U164 56-04-2 4-(IH)-Pyrimidinone, 2,3-dihydro-6-methyl-Z-thioxo- UI80 930-55-2 Pyrrolidine, l-nitroso- U200 50-55-5 Reserpine U201 108-46-3 Resorcinol U202 'al-07-2 Sacchann and salts U203 94-59-7 Safro_e U204 7783-00-8 Selenious acid U204 7783-00-8 Selenium dioxide U205 7746-34-6 Selenium sulfide (R,T) U015 115-02-6 L-Serine, diazoacetate (ester) U233 93-72-1 Silvex U206 18883-66-4 Streptozotocin Ul03 77-78-1 Sulfuric acid, dimethyl ester U189 1314-80-3 Sulfur phosphide (R) U232 93-76-5 2,4,5-T U207 95-94-3 1,2,4,5-Tetrachlorobenzene U208 630-20-6 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane U209 79-34-5 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane U210 127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene U212 58-90-2 2,3,4,6-Tetrachlorophenol U213 109-99-9 Tetrahydrofuran (I) U214 15843-14-8 Thallium(1) acetate U215 6533-73-9 Thallium(1) carbonate U216 7791-12-0 Thallium chloride U217 10102-45-I Thallium(]) nitrate U218 62-55-5 Thioacetamide UlS3 74-93-1 Thiomethanol (],T) U244 137-26-8 Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide, tetramethyl- U219 62-56-6 Thlourea L1244 137-26-8 Thluran U220 108 88 3 Toluene U221 25376-45--8 foluenediamine 1218m _ B 17 TABLE B-4 (Continued) Hazardous Chemical Wasbe No.Abstracts No. Substance U223 26471-62-5 Toluene diisocyanate (R,T) U32B 95-53-4 o-Toluidlne U353 106-49-0 p-Toluidlne U222 636-21-5 o-Toluidine hydrochloride U011 61-82-5 1H-1,2,4-Triazol-3-amine U226 71-55-6 1,1,1-Trlchloroethane U227 79-00-5 1,1,2-Trichloroethane U228 79-01-6 Trlchloroethylene U121 75-69-4 Tricilloromonofluoromethane U230 95-95-4 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol U231 88-06-2 Z,4,6-Trichlorophenol U234 99-35-4 sym-Trinitrobenzene (R,T) U182 123-63-7 1,3,5-Trioxane, 2,4,6-trimethyl- U235 "26-72-7 Tris (2,3-dlbromopropyl) phosphate U236 72-57-1 Trypan blue U237 66-75-I Uracil mustard U176 759-73-9 Urea, N-ethyl-N-nitroso- U177 684-93-5 Urea, N-methyl-N-nitroso- U043 75-01-4 Vinyl chloride U248 81-81-2 Warfarin, when present at concentrations of 0.3% or less U239 1330-20-7 Xylene (I) U200 50-55-5 Yohimban-16-¢arboxylic acid, 11,17-dimethoxy-18-[(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl) oxy]- methyl ester U249 1314-84-7 Zinc phosphide, when present at concentratiuns of 10% or less ICAS Number given for parent compound only. (=_Unless otherwise designated, these con1_ercial chemical products, manufacturing chemical intermediates, and off-specification commerical chemical products or manufacturing chemical intermediates are identified as acute hazardous wastes (H). 121Bm B-18 ATTACHMENT C HEALTH, SAFETY, AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION PROCEDURE FOR EXCAVATING OPERATIONS O 0988m C-I, ORNL/M-116/Rf HEALTH,SAFETY,AND ENVIRONMENTALPROTECTIONPROCEDURE for EXCAVATINGOPERATIONS preparedby EnvironmentalComplianceand HealthProtectionDivision Oak Ridge NationalLaboratory Oak Ridge,Tennessee 37831 operatedby MartinMariettaEnergySystems,Inc. for the U.S. DEPARTMENTOF ENERGY Under ContractNo. DE-ACOS-B4OR21400 HEALTH,SAFETYAND ENVIRONMENTALPROTECTION PROCEDURESFOR EXCAVATINGOPERATIONS AT THE OAK RIDGENATIONALLABORATORY OAK RIDGE,TENNESSEE U.S. DEPARTMENTOF ENERGY MARCH 3, 19BB CONCUR:R. _"_' _. _Itshire, _('/ "Exe_u_ve__'""_'_' Direc_o r DATE: _ f_, ,.I/(_(_ _ Oak Ridge NationalLaboratory CONCUR:D.C. Parzyck_-Di_e.c_ ' Envi_mental Conh_l-_a_cande Health ProtectionDivision CONCUR: ,L_vl_ --_-. DATE: "B.l,.--" E. H. Krleg,Or., ORNL Site Manager EnglneerinflOrganization CONCUR" //___--'_ , DATE" -_'_'¥"_'_ G. H. Oliphant_//_)Irector Plant ar,d EquipmentDivision D. E. Relchle,Director EnvironmentalSciencesDivision CONCUR: _7__ _DATE: ._/Z_/_'Z _. H.'SwanKs,Director OperationsDivision D CONTENTS Llst of Tables ...... ill Acronyms...... iv Abbreviation...... s v PollcyStatement ...... vi 1.0 PURPOSE ...... 1 2.0 SCOPE ...... 1 3.0 LIMITATIONSANDSPECIALCONDITIONS ...... l Houri,, Emergen tcyM ntennA, tivitie;: ...... 1 3.2 Subcontractorsin Category2 and 3 Areas ...... 2 3.3 ExcavationVariance . .. 2 3.4 RemedialInvestlgatlon/FelsibilitStud; .v iRi/FSi I;ro3eci: .. 2 4.0 DEFINITIONS ...... 3 4.1 ActlonDe o e a ...... 3 4.2 ...... sc;tpti n I_ mo; ndum'(ADM)': 3 4.3 Categoryl Haste ...... 3 4.4 Category2 Haste ...... 3 4.5 .Category 3 Haste ...... - -- . -- - . - 3 4.6 Environmental Monitoring and Compliance Department, Industrial Hygiene Department, and Radiation Protection Department Personnel ...... 3 4.7 Field Representative ...... 3 , 4.B Project Manager ...... 3 4.g Excavation...... 4 4.10 HazardousNasi:e(Chemicali...... 4 4.11 Mixed Haste ...... 4 4 12 Pro_ectQualli:yAssurance'AssessmentiPQAA)...... 4 4.13 SafetyAssessment(SA) ...... 4 4.14 Subcontractor ...... , ...... 7 5.0 RESPONSIBILITIES...... 7 5.1 EnvironmentalComplianceand HealthProtectionDlvislon . . 7 5.2 HealthDivision ...... 9 5.3 Officeof OperationalSafety ...... g 5.4 OperationsDivision ...... IO 5.5 EngineeringDivision ...... 13 6.0 PROCEDURES ...... 13 6.1 ExcavationClas;Iflcai:Ic)nP;oce(_u;e; ...... 13 6.2 ALARAGuidelines ...... o 14 6.34 ActionLevRadiationHorKel Proc PermitProceedures idu res ...... 157 6.5 Haste :landllngand DisposalProcedures ' : : : ...... 17 APPENDIXA CATEGORY3 EXCAVATIONTRAINING...... 19 APPENDIXB RADIOLOGICALSOILHANDLINGCRITERIA,FLOWCHART, and BASIS ...... 22 APPENDIXC _DIATION WORK PERMITCRITERIA ...... 26 APPENDIXD RADIOLOGICALCONTAMINATIONCRITERIA ...... 2B REVISION/R_VIEWSTATUS...... 33 ii I, LIST OF TABLES I l Excavatlon-classlflcationcategories...... 5 D] Recommendedaction levelcontaminationguide ...... 29 D2 Guide for establishingcontaminationzones ...... 30 D3 Recommendedmaximumcontaminationguide for skin surface . . . 31 D4 Recommendedmaximumcontaminationguide for shoes and clothing...... 32 iii ACRONYMS ADM Action Description Memorandum ALARA As Low As Reasonably Achtevable BMP Best ManagementPractlces CERCLA ComprehensiveEnvironmentalResponse, Compensation,and LiabilityAct CHA Clean Hat6r Act EMCD EnvironmentalMonitoringand ComplianceDepartment ERDP EnvlronmentalReviewand DocumentationProgram ES&H EnvironmentalSafetyand Health HPIC Health PhysicsInstrumentCommittee IHD IndustrialHygieneDepartment ISD IndustrialSafetyDepartment MPC MaximumPermlssibleConcer_tration ORNL Oak Ridge NationalLaboratory ORO Oak RidgeOperatlons OSHA OccupationalSafetyand HealthAdministration NEPA NationalEnvironmentalPolicyAct NPDES NationalPollutantDischargeEliminationSystem P&E Plant and EquipmentDivision PQAA ProjectQualityAssuranceAssessment PHMP ProjectHaste ManagementPlan RCRA ResourceConservationRecoveryAct Rf/FS RemedlalInvestigation/FeasibilltyStudy RPD RadiationProtectionDepartment ,. ' SA SafetyAssessment , SARA SuperfundAmendmentsand ReauthcrizatlonAct SS SafetyStudy TLV ThresholdLimitValues , iv ABBREVIATIONS Bq/g Becquerels per gram , dpm/lO0 cm2 Disintegrations per minute per one hundred square centimeters EnergySystems MartinMariettaEnergySystems,Inc. hr Hours mrad/h Milliradper hour POLICYSTATEMENT lt is the policyof the Oak,RidgeNational Laboratory(ORNL),MartinMariettaEnergy Systems Inc. (EnergySystems),and the U.S. Departmentof Energy(DOE) to ensurethat excavationoperationsare carriedout in full compliancewithall appllcablehealth,safety, and environmentalrulesand regulations,and . withoutundue risk to workerhealthand safety or to the environment. To implementthis policy, a health,safety,'andenvironmentalcontrols programwill be maintainedthat will be applicableto all excavationoperations those performedby Laboratorypersonnelas weil as work performedby others for or at the Laboratoryundercontractualarrangements. vi ENVIRONMENTALSAFETYAND HEALTH PROTECTIONPROCEDURES FOR EXCAVATINGOPERATIONS , ,' 1.0 PURPOSE This documentIs issuedas an environmental,safetyand healthimplementation procedureto assure the safetyand healthof personneland protectionof the environmentduringexcavationactivities. 2.O SCOPE This procedureestablishesthe proceduresand responsibilitiesfor ensuring that planningand implementationofall excavationactivitiesincludeALARA (As Low As ReasonablyAchievable)objectivesand that all operationsmeet the criteriaof ALARA. ALARA objectivesinclude" - ensuringthat personnelexposureto radiation,radioactive contamination,chemicalagents,or other potentiallyharmful substancesis Kept ALARA; - controllingthe releaseto the environmentof radioactive, chemical,or other deleteriousmaterialsto a levelthat is ALARA; - conductingall operationsin full compliancewith Proceduresand Practicesfor RadiationProtection(ORNLHealthPhysicsManual), Proceduresand Practicesfor ProtectionAgainstChemicaland PhysicalStresses(ORNLIndustrialHygieneManual),procedures given in the ORNL EnvironmentalProtectionManual,and the ORNL SafetyManual,as well as standardsand regulationsof the OccupationalSafetyand HealthAdministration(OSHA)and the EnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA). 3.0 Limitationsand SpecialConditions 3.1 Routineand EmergencyMaintenanceActivities- Routinemaintenance activitiesinvolvingminor excavations(e.g.,installingpower poles,plantingshrubs,etc.) and emergencyutilityrepairs are, in most cases,exemptedfrom the specialdocumentation requirementsof this procedure(ActionDescriptionMemoranda [ADM],SafetyAssessments[SA], ProjectQualityAssurance Assessments[PQAA]and ProjectHaste ManagementPlans [PHMP]). This exemptiondoes not eliminatethe requirementforan excavation/penetrationpermitand site classificationreviewby the IndustrialHygieneDepartment(IHD) and RadiationProtection Department(RPD)as statedin Section 5.4.?. These site classificationreviewsmay, on a case-by-casebasis,resultin reconsiderationof specialdocumentationrequirements. 1 2 3.2 Subcontractors in Category Z and 3 Areas - It Is Martin Marietta Energy Systems' intent to assure the development of capable and available subcontractors to provide Category 2 and 3 excavation support. These qualified subcontractors will be used for excavation activities in these areas whenever possible. Exceptions to the use of qualified subcontractors will be in those emergencyor unusual situations where" schedule requirements prohibituse of the requiredbid, evaluation,award,and mobilizationprocessnecessaryfor subcontracting;hazard potentialis high but hazarddefinitionis insufficientfor competitivefixed-pricecontracting;specialexpertiseis not availablein the privatesector;or there are no responsive bidders. In these cases,or otherswhich can be properly Justified,Rust Engineeringor operatingcontractorpersonnel would be used. Nork plans callingfor use of excavation subcontractorsIn these areas must receiveapprovalfrom the EnvironmentalComplianceand HealthProtectionDivisionDirector and the Managerof the Officeof OperationalSafety. 3.3 ExcavationVariance- A processthroughwhich special documentationrequirementsof this proceduremay be waived for excavationactfvities,e.g. minor excavations/penetrations associatedwitha researchproject.In no case does thls variance eliminatethe requirementforan excavation/penetratiopen rmitand site classificationreviewby the IHD, EnvironmentalMonitoring and ComplianceDepartment(EMCD)and RPD as statedin Section 5.4.?. The variancerequestin the form of a lettershall be directedto the EnvironmentalComplianceand HealthProtection DivisionDirectorand contain,as a minimum,the following information: I. Copy of the ExcavationPenetrationPermitwith engineering approval(s), 2. Exact locationof the intendedexcavation, 3. Type of excavation,i.e.,how it is to be accomplished and probabledepth, 4. Estimateof waste/materialtobe generai:ed, 5. Nho will performthe excavation,i.e.,ORNL Plant and Equipmen_(P&E),Subcontractor, etc.,AND the proposedschedulefor work. 6. Nhy the varianceis being requested. 3.4 RemedialInvestigation/FeasibilityStudy (Rf/FS)Project- The Rf/FS Subcontractorresponsiblefor this projectis contractually requiredto complywith ORNL policiesand procedures. Nhile the • subcontractorshall complywith the limitsprovidedin this procedurethere k_illbe variationsin the methodsby which the complianceis accomplished.The Subcontractoractivitiesare controlledby an EnvironmentalSafetyand Health (ES&H)Plan and referenc._ddetailoperatingprocedurespreparedby the Subcontractorand reviewedand approvedby ORNL. 3 4.0 DEFINITIONS 4.1 ..ActionDescri])tion_Memorandum(ADM)- A writtenreport documenting the environmentalreviewof plannedconstructionprojects. The ADM is aformal agreementdocument"it is part of the Best ManagementPractices(BMP)Plan of ORNL'sNationalPollutant DischargeEliminationSystem(NPDES)permit; it is incorporated into thepermanentenvironmentalrecordat ORNL; it is retainedin DOE/OakRidgeOprrations(ORO) files;and it is transmittedto DOE Headquartersin partial fulfillmentof DOE's National EnvironmentalPolicyAct (NEPA)complianceobligations, lt gives the measuresthat will be taken duringprojectconstructionand projectoperationsto ensurethe protectionof the environment. ADMs are preparedby EnvironmentalReviewand Documentation Program(ERDP)personnel. 4.2 _- ALARA is an acronym for "as low as reasonably achievable." lt is a philosophythat hasbeen effectivelyapplied in the nuclearindustryworldwide.Its objectiveis to reducethe potentiallyharmfuleffectsof radiationand other hazardousand environmentallydeleteriousmaterialsto the lowest levels commensuratewithsound economicsand soundoperatingpractice. 4.3 *CateaorvI - Soil generatedfrom excavationoperationswhere alpha activityis near the lower limitof field instrumentdetection capabilities(lessthan 300 dpm/lO0cm2), and/orbeta/gamma emittersproducedose rates below 0.02 mrad/h. 4.4 *Category2 - Waste (soil)generatedfrom excavationoperations where alpha activityIs equal to or greaterthan 300 and/or less than 6000 dpm/lO0cm2 and beta-gammareadingsare equal to or greaterthan 0.02 and less than 5.0 mrad/h. 4.5 *Cateaorv3 -Waste (soil)generatedfrom excavationoperations where-alphaactivityis equal to or greaterthan 6000 dpm/lO0cm2 and/orbeta/gammais equal to or greaterthan 5,0 mrad/h. 4.6 EnvironmentalMonitoringand ComplianceDeoartment.(EHCD). IndustrialHygieneDeoartmeni;(IHD),and RBdiationPr_z.o.__ Department(RPD)Personnel- Referenceis made to ORNL representativesfromthese respectivedepartmentsthroughoutthese procedures. These representativescan be subcontractorpersonnel where authorityis establishedthroughcontractualand subcontractualES&HPlans properlyapprovedby the Environmental Complianceand HealthProtectionDivisionand the Officeof OperationalSafety. 4.7 Excavation- The generatingand handlingof soil or fill material encounteredwhenpassingthrougha surfacesuch as a basementor floor slab, earth surface,or roadwayby means of drilling, cutting,boring,digging,etc. Each excavationwill require completionof a ConstructionExcavation/PenetrationPermit *Containsno free liquids. w 4 (D (UCN-12096)or an ORNL P&EDivisionExcavatlon/PenetratlonPermit (UCN-14112). Each permitshall be reviewedand classifiedby IHD and RPD ,ccordlngto Table I. Copies of each completedI_ermit shall be providedto the IHD, RPD and to the EMCD prior tc, initiatingexcavationactivities. 4.B pro_ectManager- An EnergySystemsemployee(designatedby ConstructionEngineeringforcapitalprojects,and for other projectsdesignatedby the responsibledivision,e.g. operations engineer,principalinvestigator,supervisor,etc.),assignedthe responsibilityforaccomplishinga specificallydesignatedwork effort. The projectmanageris responsibleforimplementationand controlof the projectwork withincontractspecifications,and ORNL,,EnergySystems,and DOE policies,procedures,and regulations. 4.9 FieldRepresentative- Employeesof the ORNL ES&H disciplines (EMCD,IHD, IndustrialSafetyDepartment[ISD]and RPD) and other supportgroups (QualityAssurance,LaboratoryProtection,Fire Protection,etc.)assignedproject-specificoversight responsibilities.Oversightresponsibilityincludesthose on-site observation,inspection,assessment,and audit actionsnecessary to assurework implementationis being performedin accordance with ORNL, EnergySystems,and DOE policies,procedures,and regulations. The respresentatlvesare also responsiblefor providingES&H guidanceand directionswhere appropriateand for initiatingstop-workactionswhere the work effortis not in compliancewith policies,procedures,and regulation_andposes eithereminentdangerto personnelor potentialinsultto the environment. 4.10 H._zar_ousHaste(Chemical)- Substancesidentifiedas hazardous under ResourceConservationandRecoveryAct (RCRA),Comprehensive EnvironmentalResponse,Compensation,and LiabilityAct (CERCLA), SuperfundAmendmentsand ReauthorizationAct(SARA),or by OSHA, or substancesenvironmentallycontroll_.dunder the NPDES provisionsof the Clean Hater Act (CI4A) These includebut are not restrictedto grease,fuel oil, gasoline,hydraulicoil, coolingfluid,etc. 4.11 Mixed Haste - Any hazardouswaste identifiedin Section4.9 above which also containslow levelsof radioactivitybeyondthe levels noted in Section4.3. 4.12 Pro_lectC)ualityAssuranceAssessment(POAA_-A documented evaluationof a projectin which potentialfailuresand uncertaintiesare identifiedand the associatedrisk is determined. 4.13 S_fety Assessment(SA)- A brief,factual,and objectivedocument which determinesif activitiesinvolvehazards,including potentialfor releaseand/orexposureto radioactiveandtoxic materialsthat requireelimination,control,or mitigation. An affirmativefindingin the SA establishesthe need for additional S Table 1. Excavatlon-classtftcatton categories Class ProbabtI tty* Protective Measures Category 1 Low Protective clothtng wtll be needed only if radioactive or chemtcal contamination is encountered. J Generated waste cutttngs will be disposed as nonradioactive and nonhazardous waste if netther radtoactlvtty nor chemtcal hazard (including otls and otly wastes) are encountered during operations.. Health, Safety, and Environmental personnel will monltor operations at least twice during excavation activities and again at completion of construction. Employeebastc tratntng will be requtred as deflned tn 5.1.15. Category 2 Moderate Protective clothing will be needed if radioactive or chemtcal contamination is encountered. Measures will be taken to contain generated waste (e.g., use of plastic ground covers, use of pans to contain cuttings, tanks and/or lined ptts to contatn fluids especially for drtlling operations). Surveillance by RPDwill be continuous with periodicsurveillancerequiredby IHD and EMCD personnelfor controlof the anticipated materialsto be encounteredthroughout excavatingactivities. Properdisposalcontainersfor radioactively and/orchemicallycontaminatedand/oroily waste will be availableon site at all times. Waste Handlingand DisposalProceduresin Section6.5 will be followedin disposingof generatedwaste. Employeebasic trainingwill be requiredas definedin Section5.1.15. 6 0 Table I -Excavation-classiflcatiocatn egories(Continued) Class ProbabiIity_ ProtectiveMeasures Category3 High Protectiveclothingwill be required, Measureswill be taken to containgeneratedwaste (e.g.,use of plasticgroundcovers, use of pans to containcuttings,tanksand/or l/nec pits to containfluidsespeciallyfor drillingoperations), ContinuoussurveillancebyRPD, IHD and EMCD personnelwill be performedat all excavating activities. Advancedtrainingas definedin AppendixA will be requiredby all excavationpersonneland othersas directedby the EnvironmentalComplianceand Health ProtectionDivision. Proper disposalcontainerswill be required. RadiationNork Permitswill be requiredwhen Hconealthdition Physswarrant(seeicsProcedureManual AppendixC Proc andedu there3.6). ORNL Adherenr.eto Action Levelsin Section6.5.5 will be requiredin disposingof generatedwaste. * Probabilityof encounteringradioactiveand/orchemicalcontamination duringexcavation. 7 safetydocumentation.DOE Order 54BI,IB callsfor preparationof safetyassessmentsforall new projectsand for modificationsto existingfacilitiestO identifyrisks that are associatedwith projector facilityconstructionoroperations. 4.14 Subcontractor- For the purposeof this excavatingoperations procedureincludesORNL P&E Division,Rust Engineering, Subcontractors,and fixed-priceprimecontractors. 5.0 RESPONSIBILITIES 5.1 EnvironmentalComplianceand Health ProtectionDivision B.l.] Helps set ALARA goals,providesradiologicalsafety, healthand environmentalprotectionguidelines,and coordinatesthe radiationprotection,healthand environmentalprotectionportionof excavationoperations. 5.I.2 Reviewsall requestsfor proposaldocumentsrequiring excavationactivities,providesdata on radiologicaland hazardouschemicalaspectsof the proposedexcavation slte(s)and providesinput into the selectionof outside contractors. 5.].3 Ensuresthe preparationof an ERDP Document,(e.g. an ADM), for each well-drillingorother excavationproject to documentpotentialenvironmentalconsequencesof the pro_ectand to providethe measuresthat will be taken to preventenvironmentalimpact;also, ensuresproper participationinand endorsementof the ADM by responsible managementand staffpersonnelfrom all participating divisionsand programs. 5.I.4 Reviewsand assignsclassificationratingsof all Excavation/PenetrationPermitsin a timelymanner. Providesimmediateturnaroundof reviewand classification assignmentin emergencysituations. 5.I.5 Coordinatesand providesEMCD, IHD, and RPD personnelfor surveillanceofexcavationoperationsor provides personnelfrom the departmentsfor oversightwhere subcontractorsare assignedsurveillanceresponsibility throughcontractualauthority. 5.l.6 Providesconsultationonthe dispositionof all radlologicallyorchemicallycontaminatedmaterials generatedat excavationsitesas requiredby waste generatorsor waste operations. 5.1.7 Coordinates,inconsultationwithOperationsDivisionor other divisionscarryingout excavationoperations,the issuanceof dosimeterbadgesfor externalradiation B monitoringof ORNL and Subcontractorpersonnel; handles the processingof all personneldosimeterbadgesand maintainsrecords. 5.1,B AdvisesOperationsDivisionor other divisionsand providessubcontractorbid documentrequirementsfor protectiveclothingand equipment,containmentof radiologicallyand/orchemicallycontaminatedmaterial, contaminationcontrol,and handlingof cdntaminatedtools and equipment. B.l.g Recommendsand approvesin concertwith the Health Physics InstrumentCommittee(HPIC)and calibratesall field instrumentsused for radiologicalsurveillance. 5.1.10 Provideswhole body countingand bioassayservices,as deemednecessary,for personnel. 5.1.ll Coordinatesthe industrialhygieneaspectsof activities by assessmentof all excavationoperationsand provides guidelinesfor controllingthe potentialchemicaland physicalstressesthat may affectthe healthand well-beingof personnel. 5.1.]2 Provideson-slteindustrialhygienesurveillanceof excavationoperations,when requested,or if significant personnelhazards(suchas toxic materials,dusts,or gases) are anticipated. 5.1.13 Providesrespiratortrainingof personneland fit testing of respiratorsupon receiptof a physician'swritten statementcertifyingthe individualis'medicallyflt to be a respiratorwearer. Retesting/retrainingwilloccur at 18-monthintervals. 5.1.14 Determinesneed and providesinstrumentsand IHD representativesfor monitoringwork sites for chemical and physicalstressorsprior to and duringexcavation operations. 5.I.15 Providesbasic trainingfor all crewsexcavatingin Categoryl and 2 areas. Trainingis to include: fundamentalsof radiationprotectionand control;spill prevention,and cleanup;emergencyprocedures;zoning regulations;andother health, safety,and environmental protectionprocedures. ° 5.1.16 Providesspecificadvancedtrainingfor all crews excavatingin Category3 areas, Trainingis to include: biologicaleffectsof radiation;personnelmonitoring techniques;correctproceduresfor donningand safely removingprotectiveclothing;reviewof proper use of g 9 respiratoryprotectionequipment:contaminationcontrol managementand techniques(includingdecontamination);and waste disposal. Detailedinformationon the Category3 trainingrequirementscan be found in AppendixA, 5.1,17 Overseescleanupof spillsand appropriatehandlingof the resultingwastematerials. 5.1,1B Providesfield representativeoversightof excavating operationsat a level necessaryto assurework implementationisbeing performedin accordancewith ORNL, EnergySystems and DOE policies,procedures,and regulations. 5.1.1g Reviewand updatethis procedureon a frequencyNOT to exceedevery 2 years with a new revisionnumberassigned to each review, All reviewsand updateswill be noted in the review statusfoundon the last page of this document, 5.2 HealthDivision 5.2.1 Providesmedicalevaluationof ORNL employees'fitnessto be a respiratorwearer. For Subcontractorandfixed-price prime contractpersonnel,certificationofmedicalfitness will be obtainedfrom a privatephysician. Recertifi- cationwill occur at ]B-monthintervals. 5.2.2 Provides'emergencymedicalcare for employeesand subcontractorsinvolvedin excavationactivitiesas the need arises. 5.3 OfficeotODeratlonal Safety 5.3.l Coordinatesindustrialsafetyoversightof training programsand surveillanceofexcavationoperationsby assessmentof excavationoperations,and provides guidelinesfor controllingpotentialphysicalhazardsthat may affect the well-beingof personnel,includingrelated OSHA requirements. 5.3.2 Advisesexcavatingpersonnelon requirementsfor hard hats, safetyglasses,and other safety-relatedpersonal protectiveequipment. 5.3.3 Examinesexcavationequipmentprior to operationto ensure properelectricalgroundingin accordancewith the Excavation/PenetrationPermit. 5.3.4 Reviewsand approvesSAs or S_fetyStudies (SSs)for excavationwork. 5.3.5 Appraisesprogram(or coordinatesappraisalby a Directors ReviewCommitteeand other ES&H personnel)and provides reportto ORNL Management. , =I I0 5.4 Operations Division. (or Other. Division Resoonslble for Excavating OD.erattons*) 5.4.1 Is responsiblefor overseeingall excavatingoperations, This is accomplishedthrougha projectmanager who is assignedthe responslbilltyfor assuringthat each Job or subcontractis performedin full compliancewith this and other applicableORNLpollcies/proceduresand for assuring properinterfacebetweensubcontractorsand on-site supportorganizations, The projectmanager will, as minimum,be on site at a]l timesduringactivityin Category3 areas or at any time contaminationor other hazardousmaterialsare encountered. 5.4.2 Ensuresthat all applicableproceduresare followed;this includesensuringthat operationsare conductedin compllancewith ORNL ALARA policyand guidellnes,OSHA and EPA regulations. 5.4.3 Coordinatesall planning,design,and construction activitiesfor excavationprojectswith both the Environmenta]Complianceand HealthProtectionDivision and the Officeof Operatlona]Safety. Informsappropriate health,safety,and environmentalprotectionpersonnelof the upcomingprojects,requestsan ERDP environmental reviewand preparationof ERDP documentationforthe prendojoerct,se6anendsurapesprthatovedb resuefoltingrecondostructionicumentationis initiats properlyed, and ensuresthat the provisionsfor environmental protectiongiven in the ERDP documentare followedduring the excavationphase of the pro_ect. 5.4.4 Ensuresthat a safetydocumentationis preparedin the form of a SS or SA as appropriatefor each excavation project;ensuresthat all potentialsafetyhazardsare addressed,includingthose specificto Indivldua]sites; and ensuresthe inclusionof measuresfor controlling potentialaccidentsituations;ensuresan analysisthat includesthe identificationof potentialradiologicaland chemicalhazardsthat may be encounteredat individual sites;and ensuresthat the SS or SA is properlyendorsed, approved,and distributedbeforeexcavationoperationsare initiated. *Otherdivisionsthat carryout excavationoperations,such as Environmental SciencesDivision,Plant and EquipmentDivision,or EnglneoringDivision, will assumeall the responsibilitiesgiven in Section5.4 for Operations Division. However,if excavationis carriedout by OperationsDivisionfor one of the above divisions,responsibilityis retainedby Operations Division. 0 II 5.4.5 Ensures that a PHHPis generated for any project that will result in generated waste and that the plan is approved by the Operations Division. 5.4.6 Ensures that an excavation permit is processed and that a quality assurance review is performed and that a PQAAis prepared; ensures that the risks of potential significant quality problems (failure modes) are identified and evaluated; and ensures that activities given in the PQAA for prevention of problems are undertaken. 5.4.7 Ensuresthat each excavationlocationis properly classified(TableI) by the IHD and RPD duringreviewof the excavation/penetratlonpermit;and ensuresthat copies of the final approvedpermitsare providedto the IHD, RPD, and to the EMCD prior to initiatingexcavation activities. B.4.B Ensuresthat trainingis providedthroughthe EnvironmentalComplianceand HealthProtectionDivision for all crews (see Sections5.1.15al,d5.1.16). 5.4.9 Ensuresthat IHD and RPD staff receiveprior notification of excavationactivitiesand are presentprior to initiationof activitiesin Category2 and 3 areas. 5.4.10 Ensuresthat radiationmonitoringinstrumentationis providedto determineradiationlevelsin the work environment,to monitor the radiationlevelsof the generatedwaste,and to detectthe presenceof significant levelsof radioactivecontaminationon tools, equipment, clothing,and personnelas definedin the ORNL Health PhysicsProcedureManual. 5.4.11 Providesprotectiveclothingand changeand shower facilitiesfor work site personnel;ensuresthat protectiveclothingis properlyused wheneverrequired; arrangesfor appropriatesegregation,packaging,labeling, and dispositionof used protectiveclothing;and arranges for launderingat ORNL of all reusableprotective clothing,when practicable. 5.4.12 Ensuresthat personnelat the work site are providedwith radiationmonitoringdevices,that the monitorsare worn correctly,and the monitoringdevicesare returnedfor processing;ensuresthat excavatingpersonnelare availablefor whole-bodycountingand urinalysisif warranted;and ensuresthat individualssuspectedof havingaccidentallysustainedan intakeof radioactive materialsarespecimensare giventakena as whole soon bodyafter c anount,and unusualoccurren that urineceas , feasible. i 12 5,4.13 Ensuresthat personnelat the work site are providedwith personalprot=ctiveequipment,such as gloves, ear plugs or muffs, dust masks, respirators,proper chemical cartridges,etc,;ensuresthat personnelusing respirators are approvedas respiratorwearers by IndustrialHygiene; and ensuresthat protectiveequipment,if warranted,is properlyused and that IHD or ISO personnelare consulted immedlatelyif questionsarise concerningworkerhealth and safetyprotection, 5,4.14 Ensuresthat excavatingcrew membersand equipmentundergo a contaminationsurveyor evaluationfor chemical contaminationbeforeleavingthe excavationsite if radioactiveor chemicalcontaminationis detectedat any time duringthe excavatingoperation. 5.4,15 Arrangesfor handling,packagingand dispositionof generatedwaste (soil,etc.) In accordancewith the P_MP identifiedIn Section5.4,5. 5.4.16 Arrangesfor properhandllng,packaging,and disposalof contaminatedmaterials,tools,and equipment;and, when feasible,arrangesfor containment,transport,and decontaminationof contaminatedtools and equipment, 5.4.17 Ensuresthat RPD approvalis obtainedbeforeany radiologicallycontaminatedmaterials,samples,tools, equipment,etc., are removedfrom the excavationsite, and ensuresthat all approvedmaterialsare properly identifiedwith radiationhazardtags beforeremoval. 5.4.18.Ensuresthat the IHD and EMCD are notifiedas soon as feasibleif chemicalcontaminationis encountered;ensures that injuredindividualsor those exposedto potontlally hazardouschemicalsare treatedby the HealthDivisionas soon as feasible;takes immediatemeasuresto prevent additionalexposureor injuryand takes immediatemeasures for spill contalnmentwhere applicable. 5.4.19 Providesproperequipment(e.g.,barricades,ropes, signs, etc.) for appropriatelydesignatingzoned contamination areas. 5.4.20 Provides for sample collection and analyses, as necessary. 5.4.21 Ensuresthat appropriatespill controland cleanbpkits are availableat the site for immediateuse. Except in cases where it is clearlyunnecessary,the kit should includebut not be restrictedto oil absorbentpads, a catchmentpan, a shovel,a workingflashlight,and plastic sheetingor other impermeablesheetingmaterial. 5.4.22 Initiatesappropriatework permitsor assuresappropriate work permitsare issued. 13 5.5 Enaineertna Division B.5.1 Authorizes the commencementof an excavation project by issuance of a Construction Excavation/Penetration permit', ensures that all the supplemental excavating criteria, such as location of all underground structure_ ;_d utilities have been fulfilled, and that it has i_en properly reviewed by Engineering Division, Operations Division, Operational Safety,P&EDivision, EMCD,IHD and RPDpersonnel, and the operating supervisor. Reviews and approves ORNLP&EDivision Excavation/ Penetration Permits on request. 5.5.2 Ensures that SS or SA, PQAA,and PNMPrequirements are in place prior to initiation of excavation work. 5.5.3 Ensures the inclusion of an excavation category (Table l) in each Excavation/Penetration Permit and ensures the endorsement by IHD, EMCDand RPDrepresentatives prior to issuance of the permit. 6.0 PROCEDURES i 6.1 Excavatior-ClassificationProcedures 6.I.I Knowledgeablepersonnelfrom the EnvironmentalCompl.lance and Health ProtectionDivision(in collaborationwith, EngineeringDivision,OperationsDivisionpersonnel,and nearbyfacilityoperatingpersonnel)will classifyeach excavationlocationaccordingto the probabilityof , encounteringradioactiveand/orchemicalcontaminationat the site: The probabilityassigned(low, moderate,or high)will reflectthe potentialrisk of exposureto personnel,the risk of releaseof contaminatedmaterials to the environment,andthe risk of contaminating equipment. Nhen feasible,exploratorysub-surface samplingand investigations(such as augeringand analyzingsoil samples)will be carriedout to assist in appropriatelyclassifyingsuspectareas prior to initiatingextensiveexcavationwork. A given classiflcationmaybe changed,if necessary,with proper approvals,to reflectvarlablecontaminationpotentialor actualcontaminationencounteredat difCerent areas/locations or depths as the operation progresses. A reclasstflcatton can occur only after an evaluation is conducted to determine if work continuance at the location is warranted. If reclassification is granted, the evaluation will be documentedby the RPDand IHD representatives on the Excavation/Penetration Permit; if warranted,a revisedpermitwill be issued.Excavation classificationcategoriesand associatedprotective measuresare given in Table 1. 14 6.1.2 Radlologlcalclassificationwill be used in all excavationdecisions;a clearneed for Category2 and Category3 excavationswill be required. Classification will be establishedduringissuanceof the Excavation/Penetrationpermits. 6.1.3 Excavationclassificationwillbe a significantfactor in sitingdecisions. Locations,whichhave a higher accidentpotentialdue to intersectingunderground drains,pipes,tanks,conduits,etc., or overhead obstructionsand hazards,shouldbe avoidedwhenever possible,especiallyfor sites in Category2 and 3. 6.1.4 Site classificationwillbe a significantfactorin planningand designingexcavationprojects;for example, placementof drill rigs on contaminatedsurfaceswill be avoidedand clean gravelor soll lay-downareas will be providedwheneverfeasible. 6.2 ALARA Guidelines 6.2.1 All excavatingoperationswill followALARA guidelines regardlessof the classification;ALARA guidelines Includemeasuresto protectthe environmentas well as the healthand safetyof personneland includedaily . inspectionof excavationequipment to ensurethat leaks of oii and/orother environmentallycontrolled substancesare maintainedALARA. If warranted,splll controlmethodswill be used to ensurethat environmentalreleasesare Kept ALARA. 6.2.2 ORNL'sEMCD and RPD representativeswillbe notifled wheneverradioactivityin soil or groundwateris encounteredandlevelsare in excessof those given in TableDI, AppendixD. Any positivedirectreading exceedingbackgroundshouldbe reportedfor areas where the radiationreadingexceedsthe limitsin Table DI. 6.2.3 ORNL'sIHD and EMCD representativeswill be notified wheneverchemicalcontaminationin soil or groundwater is encountered. Immediatemeasureswill be taken to controlthe environmentalreleaseof chemicalsor oils and to preventpersonnelexposureif significant concentrationsof toxicmaterialsare detectedat the excavationsite. Levelsat o_ above the ThresholdLimit Values* (TLVs)or OSHA standardsfor specificchemicals *ThresholdLimit Valuesrefer to airborneconcentrationsof substancesand _ representconditionsunderwhich it is believedthat nearlyall workersmay be repeatedlyexposedday after day withoutadverseeffect(as defined in the most currenteditionof TLV booklet). • • 15 are consideredsignificant.Personnelexperiencing symptomsthat can be reasonablyattributableto chemical exposurewill be transportedto the HealthDivisionas soon as feasiblefor medicalexamination,andmedical care if warranted. 6.2.4 Tools and equipmentas well as generatedwaste will be checkedfor radioactivitybeforethey are releasedfor reuseor disposal;levelsin excessof thosegiven in Table DI, AppendixD, will be classifiedas contaminated. 6.2.5 Contaminationzones will be establishedwhenever radiologicalcontaminationlevelsexceedsurface contaminationlimitsgiven in Table D2, AppendixD. Personnel,materials,and equipmentmust be surveyedand must be free of loose contaminationbefore leavinga contaminationzone; contaminatedequipmentmust either be decontaminatedprior to leavingthe zone or must be adequatelycontained(in plastic,wood crates,steel drums,etc.)and taggedprior to transportto another site. Contaminationata site shouldbe cleaned up promptly,aF,dthe site shouldbe dezonedas soon as practicable. 6.2.6 ORNL'sRPD representativewillbe notifiedwhenever thereis evidenceof personnelskin contaminationor ocontamif'thevaluenationofpersgiven insonalarticlesof TablesD3 and D4, clothingin AppendixD. excess Measureswill be taken promptlyto prevent the spreadof contamination,and personneland clothingwill be decontaminatedas soon as possible. Personnel decontaminationbeyonduse of soap and water must be medicallysupervised. 6.3 Action Level Procedures 6.3.1 In the eventexcavationwaste is dry enoughto produce airbornedust,measureswill be taken to protect personnelfrom dust inhalation,andactionswill be takento suppressthe dust with moistureas materials are removedfrom the excavationsite. Evaluationof the situationwillbe made by ORNL'sRPD, IHD, and EMCD representativeors the OperatingSupervisor. 6.3.2 Nhen levelsof airbornecontaminantsthat significantly exceedbackgroundare detected,additionalactionsmusL be taken to identifyand quantifyspecificcontaminants and to implementappropriatecontrolmeasures. 6.3.3 Excavationwill be haltedby the projectmanager,field representativeorhis/herdesigneeand ORNL's RPD representativewillbe notifiedwhen soil contamination 16 direct readinglevelsexceed5 mrad/h or 6000 alpha dpm/lO0cm2. The ORNL RPD representativewill assist OperationsDivisionand EngineeringDivisionpersonnel in evaluatingthe situationto determinewhether operationsshouldbe continued,whetheradditional containmentor protectiveclothingis required,or whether the excavationwork shouldbe discontinued; factorsto be consideredwillinclude the locationof the site,the waste contaminationlevels,the weather conditions,and the abilityto effectpositivecontrol over contaminatedmaterialand equipment. 6.3.4 Excavationwill be haltedby the projectmanager,field representativeorhis/herdesigneein the eventof adverseweatherconditions,in which encountered contamination(radiologicalorother hazardous substance)may be dispersedto the environmentor may go undetected;excavationactivitiesmay be resumedby the operatingsupervisorwhenweatherconditionsimprove. 6.3.5 Excavationwillbe haltedby the projectmanager,field representativeorhis/herdesigneein the event that the viscosityof generatedwaste becomestoo low to ensure completecontainmentor if transferof the waste to drums cannotbe accomplishedwithoutloss of materialto the environment;excavationmay be resumedwhen the andsituEatiMCDo reprenis correctedsentativeassordet theerminedby OperatingSap ORNL'esrvisRPD,o IHD,r. 6.3.6 Excavationwillbe haltedby the projectmanager,field representative,or his/herdesignee,in the event of any containmentfailurethat could resultin significant contaminationof personnel,equipment,or the environment;excavationmay be resumedwhen the situationis correctedas determinedby ORNL'sRPD, IHD, and/or EMCD representatives. 6.3.7 Excavationwill be haltedby the projectmanager,field representativeorhis/herdesigneein the event that waste is contaminatedwithradioactivityin excessof I00 mrad/hor 30,000alpha dpm/lO0cm2; approvalby the EnvironmentalComplianceand Health Protection Divisionand Officeof OperationalSafetywill be requiredto resumeoperations. 6.3.8 Excavationwill be haltedby the projectmanager,field representativeorhis/herdesigneein the event that a subsurfaceobstructionis encountered;excavationwill not be resumeduntil the obstructionis evaluatedand permissionis grantedthroughthe excavationpermitby the EnvironmentalComplianceand Health Protectionand EngineeringDivisions. 17 6.3.9 Excavationwillbe haltedin the event that excavation uncoversan emplacementof buriedchemicals,penetrates a buriedgas cylinder,or otherwiseencounters potentiallytoxic materials;ORNL'sIHD and EMCD will be notifiedand excavationwill not be resumeduntil the situationis evaluatedand permissionis granted in writingby IndustrialHygieneDepartmentmanagement. 6.4 RadiationWork PermitProcedures 6.4.1 RadiationHork Permitswill be issuedwhere actualor anticipatedcontamination/radiationlevelsmeet or exceedpermit requirementsgiven in AppendixC and the HealthPhysicsProceduresManualProcedure7.6. Permits will be approvedonly after verificationthatall membersof the excavatingcrew have completedCategory3 Trainingor approvedequivalent. 6.5 Haste Handlinaa.ndDisoosalProcedure_ 6.5.1 All typesof wastesgeneratedduringexcavatingwill be handledin a mannerthat restrictsdispersioninto the environment;this includesbut is not restrictedto dusts,liquids,sollds,drillingmuds, well-drilling cuttings,etc.. All types of materialswill be checked for radioactivity. A containmentsystemthat restricts the releaseof the wastesto the environmentwill be providedfor all waste materials,radioactive, chemicalIy hazardous,and environmentalIy controlIed (e.g.oil, grease,gasoline)as well as nonradioactive and nonhazardous,throughoutexcavatingoperations;and measureswill be taken for erosioncontrolof non-waste soils. 6.5.2 Retentionof wastesat the excavationsite will be minimized;thosewastes temporarilyretainedwill be protectedto preventdispersiontr=totheenvironmentas approvedby EMCD. Eventssuch as adverseweather conditionsor accidentalhumanor animal entryonto the site will be anticipatedin planningfor environmental and personnelprotection. 6.5.3 Soil generatedfrom excavatingactivitiesshallbe managedin accordancewith procedurescontainedin the ORNL EnvironmentalProtectionMant,al,theOperations DivisionHaste ManagementProcedures,the HealthPhysics Manualand in accordancewithcriteriain AppendixB of this procedure. 6.5.4 Hastescontaininghazardous,toxic,or environmentally controlledmaterialswill be transferredto the OperationsDivision'sHaste ManagementSectionfor • . IB "" disposalfacilityifproperpackagingand warranted;mixedtransportationto (radioactiveand an off-site hazardous)wasteswill be transferredto an on-slte (RCRA-permitted)mixedwaste storagefacility. 6.5.5 Hater and mud resultingfrom excav'atingoperations (e.g.,materialcollectedin the dischargecontainment systemused for alr/waterrotarydrillingof Category2 and 3 wells)may be disposedof as uncontaminatedwaste, provided:(a) direct readingsnear contactwith excavationcuttingsand equipmentand near contactwith ,' cuttings,cuttingscontainers,and drill equipmentdo cn_. andexceed0.05 (b) smear mrad readingsfrom/h beta/gammaor equipmentused 300 alpha dpmin /lO0 excavatingdo not exceed200 beta/gammadpm/lO0cm2 or 20 alpha dpm/lO0cm2. If contaminationwasdetected duringaugeringin soil, but no contaminationexceeding levelsin (a) and (b) were encounteredduringair/water rotarydrilling,dispositionof water and mud waste will be basedon laboratoryanalysesof representative samplesof the sedimentand water collectedin the containmentsystem. Mud and water with radioactivity levelsgreaterthan or equal to 20 alpha dpm/g or greaterthan or equal to 278 beta/gammadpm/g will be disposedof as contaminatedwaste,followingapproved procedures. 6.5.6 No departurefrom the waste handlingand disposal procedureswillbe allowed unlessapprovalin writing is grantedby the OperationsDivisionand Environmental Complianceand Health ProtectionDivisionManagement. Ig APPENDIXA CATEGORY3 EXCAVATIONTRAINING 20 HEALTHAND ENVIRONMENTALTRAININGPROGRAM FOR EXCAVATIONNORKERSIN CATEGORY3 AREAS Basis for TrainingRequirement i Departmentof EnergyregulationsholdORNL responsiblefor ensuring that all personsenteringthe ORNL site operateaccordingto all environmental,health,and safetyproceduresrelatedto their work on site. Therefore,environmental,health,and safetytrainingprogramshave been establishedforall individualsworkingon the ORNL site, including contractconstructionworkersand managers. Training ProgramAssumptions The level of trainingfor this applicationhas been determinedbased on the followingassumptions: (1) one radiationprotectiontechnicianwill be assignedby the RPD to providefull time surveillancefor each excavatingcrew, (2) the subcontractorworkersand craw foremenhave attendedORNL's BasicHeal_chandEnvironmentalTrainingfor Off-Site Contractors,(3) all participantshaveattendedthe IndustrialHygiene respiratorfittingand trainingprogramand hold a current card documenting that fact, and (4) participantschosenby their companyare capableof meetingthe minimumtrainingrequirementsestablishedby ORNL. Tralning ProgramElements The trainingprogramwill containthe followingmodules: - BiologicalEffectsof Radiation - Risks Associatedwith Exposureto Radiation - PersonnelMonitoringTechniques - CorrectProceduresfor Donningand SafelyRemovingProtective Clothing - Reviewof ProperUse of RespiratoryProtectionEquipment - ContaminationControlManagementand Techniques(including Decontaminailon) TrainingProgramTestingRequirements A writtenexaminationwillbe given at the end of the formaltraining program. Testedindividualswillbe requiredto correctlyanswera minimum of 707,of the test questions. Performance-basedtestingwill also be conductedfor all individualsin the trainingprogram. Each individual will be requiredto correctlyperformthe followingexercises: (1) demonstratecorrectsteps to don and removeprotectiveclothing;(2) demonstrateknowledgeof properproceduresto followwhen working in a contaminationarea;and (3) demonstrateknowledgeof correct decontaminationproceduresfor equipment,clothing,and themselves. 21 Each Indlvidualwill have two opportunitiesto successfullycomplete the writtenexaminationand the performance-basedexaminationphases. If an individualhas not successfullycompletedboth parts of the examination after two attemptsat each, the individualwill not be permittedto perform work in a Category3 area. This trainingwill be conductedby two or more technical trainers/professionalstaffmembersof the EnvironmentalComplianceand HealthProtectionDivision. Participationin this trainingprogramwill be limitedto ONE excavatingcrew and ONE backupcrew. Retrainingwill be providedevery two years. TrainingProg,ramRecordKeepingRequirements 14rittendocumentationwill be maintainedby the TechnicalResources and TrainingProgram,EnvironmentalComplianceand HealthProtection Division. The originalwrittenexaminationand checklistfrom the performance-basedexaminationwill be kept on file for all individuals tested(both successfuland unsuccessful).This documentationwillbe providedto the contractingcompanyupon written request. 22 APPENDIXB RADIOLOGICALSOILHANDLINGCRITERIA,FLOWCHART,and BASIS 23 AppendixB - RadlologlcalSoll HandlingCriteria CategoryI - This sell has unrestricteduse on the Oak Ridge Reservation, Directmeasurementstaken at the surface of the soil are less than 300 dpm/lO0cm2 alpha and less than 0.02 mrad/hbeta/gamma. Smear countsfrom equipment_,latcontactedthe sell are less than 20 dpm/lO0 cm_ alpha and less than 200 dpm/100cm2 beta/gamma. If there is historicalevidenceof alpha or low-energyoeta contamination,the soil shouldbe analyzedin the laboratory. If laboratoryanalysesindicatealphaactivitygreater than 0.33 Bq/g or beta/gammaactivitygreater than 1.8 Bq/g, the soil may not be used in an unrestricted mannerbut must be considered"contaminated"soil. Category2 Sell In _his categorymay be used for limited backfilling. Measurementsat the surfaceof this soil are equal to or greaterthan 300 and less than 6000 dpm/100cm_ alphaand equal to or greaterthan 0.02 and less than 5.0 mrad/hbeta/gamma. If laboratory analyseshave been conducted,soil having alpha activitiesless than 0.75 Bq/g and beta-gammaactivities less than 450 Bq/g may be used for limitedbackfilling. Soil In this categorymay be used for backfillat the site of originor in a contaminatedzoneof similar radiationlevels,providedthat the area to be bacKfllledis not intendedfor continuoushuman occupation. In each locationwhere Category2 soil is used as backfill,at l_astone foot of clean uncontaminatedsoilmust be placedover the contaminated backfill,and the site must be identifiedas a maintainedarea and markedon maps that are kept updated. In no case shouldcontaminatedsell be used as backfillin uncontaminatedareas. Soil not neededfor backfillshallbe consideredas radwaste(Category3) and sent, after properpackaging, to the designatedSHSA. Category3 Soil in this categorymay not be used for backfillbut will,be consideredas radwasteand sent to the designatedSWSA Surfacereadingsare equal tu or greaterthan 6000 dpm/100cm2 alpha and equal to or greaterthan 5.0 mrad/h beta/gamma. If sell has been analyzedin the laboratory,activitiesequal to or greaterthan 0.75 Bq/g alpha and equal to or greater rathandwast 450e. Bq/g beta/gammaindicatesthe soil qualifiesas i 24 ORNL°DWG88.6101 J UNKNOWNBOlL...... ii iiiii =T..i, io. i Y, I_,'_Qo.,,,, c,_oi i o.,iiii,,Y i,!iiii <0,02mracl/h13,y _ I 20,02 tO<5,0 mrad/h13,y zS,0mrad/hB,Y. _ _ ...... _ !!ii , EVIDENCEOF ALPHA SOIL SOIL CONTAMINATION? ' .mo [i -u._D BAOK_i LL"=1111 "_DWABTE"i ii ii _ , s CATEGORYI L uMrrs ,_, OR .... I BACKRLL IN AREAS i _._J REMOTEFROM ....".Jr L...... ,, HUMANOCCUPATION,.i i ,I DISPOSEOF BOlt, / AS CATEGORYII OR / III ACCORDING OR TOLAB RESULTS BACKRLL IN AREAS , ,..-._J" OF HUMANOCCUPATIONi OR DISPOSEIN ...... CONTRACTOR'S ,, LANDFILL I-:....L illil APPENDIX B - FLOWCHART FOR HANDLING POTENTIAL RADIOLOGICALLY CONTAMINATED SOIL 2B Basis for Radlo]ogicalSollHandlingCriteria These soll handlingcriteriawere developedto providea safe and practical methodologyfor deallngwith contaminatedsollin the field. Radlologlca] characteristicsforCategory] soil are based on current"greenta{/" limits. RadiologicalcharacteristicsforCategory2 soll are based on an exposurerate reductionfactorof lO0 throughuse of at least one foot of uncontaminatedbackfill.Category2 soll shouldnot be used as backfillin areas where continuoushumanhabitationis anticipated. These criteriadefineradiologicallimitswhich are measurablewith field instrumentationandprovidean acceptablelevelof radiationsafetyfor workersand personsexposedto this soll when used as backfill. THESE CRITERIAARE INTENDEDONLY FOR SOILS LOCATEDON AND REMAININGON THE OAK RIDGE RESERVATIONHHEREINSTITUTIONALCONTROLIS IN PLACE. 2B APPENDIXC RADIATIONHORK PERMITCRITERIA 2? CRITERIAFOR ISSUINGRADIATIONWORK PERMITS The expecteddose is greaterthan 20 mrem to the whole body or 300 mrem to extremitiesfor an individualduring a singlework shift,or . the airborneradioactivityis greaterthan the MaximumPermissibleConcentration(MPC)afor a 40-hourweek (resplratorsrequlred),or the work involvesexposureof an individualto a dose rate greaterthan 5 re=n/htothe total body. ZB APPENDIXD RADIOLOGICALCONTAMINATIONCRITERIA 29 Table DI. Recommendedaction level contaminationguide Direct Readinq TrBn_ferableSmear Alpha Beta/Gamma Alpha _ Beta/Gamma (dpm/lO0cm2) (mrad/h) (dpm/lO0cmL) (dpm/lO0cm2) 300 0.05 20 200 30 Table D2. Guide for estab'lishingcontaminationzones SurfaceContamination _)irectReadinq TrBn:ferBbleSmear Alpha Beta/Gamma Alpha Beta/Gamma (dpm/lO0cm2) (mrad/h) (dpm/lO0cm2) (dpm/lO0cm2) 300 O.25 30 1000 31 Table D3. Recommendedmaximum contamination guide for skin surface _)i,lreCtRg@d4nq Tlransferabll_Smear ..... A1pha BetaJGamma A1pha Beta/Gamma (dpm/100 ¢m2) (mrad/h) (dpm/100 cm2") (dpm/lO0 cm2) General Body 150 0.05 None detectabl e" Hands 300 0 .Z "Detection limit is related to the instrumentation used. 32 @ Table D4. Recommendedmaximum" contamination guide for shoes and clothing ...... Direct Readinq TrBn_ferab1_ _mear Alpha Beta/Gamma Alpha Beta/Gamma (dpmllO0 cm2) (mrad/h) (dpmllO0 cm2) (dp_llO0 cm2) Shoes, contaminati on zone 300 2.5 20 1000 Shoes, personal 300 0.3 20 1000"" Clothing, contamination zone 300 0.75 Not applicable Clothing, other company- issued, and personal 150 0.25 Not applicable "No 100 c'2m area to average greater than this value. " Except 1261, 1311, and 1331 for which the guide is 200 dpm/lO0 cm2 and 1251, 1291, and 227Ac for which the guide is 20 dpm/lO0 cm2. 33 REVISION/REVIEW STATUS SHEET i i Revi3ion/ Revision Review Responsible Number Date Signature Action Taken I i i i i i i i i i i i ii i i i i ii I ,i i 34 Distribution: Alexander,J.F. Lankford,B. R. Baldwin,M.E. Lawson,J. R. Bates,L.D. Manrod,W. E. Bogard,_. S. McConathy,R. K. , Braunstein,H.M. McNeese,L. E. Brown,J.S. Melroy,P. E. Butler,H.M. Merriman,J. R. Canon,R.M. Mezga,L. J. Clark,C. Miller,C. H. Collins,E.D. Miller,D. R. Cook, K.W. Mitchell,M. E. Copenhaver,E.D. Morrison,J. M. Doyle,G.M. Myrick,T. E. Dumont,S.P. Norris,D. R. Durfee,N.H. Ohnesorge,W. F. Eads, B.G. Oliphant,G. W. Ferguson,W.F. Parzyck,D. C. Ferris,L.M. Patton,F. S. Fox, C.L. Piper,H. B. Fulkerson,W. Rorter,W. E. Gaddis,H.R. Reichle,D. E. Garren,C..L. Rogers,O. G. Garrett,A.S. Rohwer,P.'S. Gray, D.H. Row, T. H. Greene,J. H. , Scanlan,T. F. Ha[_blen,S.E. Shaner,D. G. Horton,O.R. Sherrod,O. D. Hyde, L.D. Smith,W. T. Kendrick,C.M. Swanks,J. H. Krieg, E.H. Halls,D. M. Kuykendall,W.C. Walsh,P. J. Wiltshire,R. S. ORNL/RAP/Sub- 87 / 99053 / 10 INTERNAL DISTRIBUTION i. L.D. Bates 11. C.E. Nix 2. W.J. Boegly 12. P.S. Ogle 3. H.M. Braunstein 13. P.T. Owen 4. C. Clark 14. J.D. Sherrod 5. J.B. Clendenen 15. C.L. Stair 6. K.W. Cook 16. L.D. Voorhees 7. J.N. DuMont 17. Laboratory Records, RC 8_9. L.D Hyde 18-22. RI/FS Document Control I0. T.E[ Myrick EXTERNAL DISTRIBUTION 23. T.W. Joseph, U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge Operations Office, P.O. Box 2001, ERB, G-lO5, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 24. T.J. Wheeler, U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge Operations office, P.O. Box 2001, FOB, ER-121, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 *25-35. T.J. Wheeler, U.S Department of Energy, Oak Ridge Operations officel P.O. Box 2001, FOB, ER-121, Oak Rldget TN 37831 36-37. OFFICE OF Scientific and Technical Information; P.O. Box 62 OAK RIDGE TENNESSEE 37831 * Uncontrolled copies i I