Japanese Journal of 魚 類 学 雑 誌 Vol.29,No.3 1982 29巻3号1982年

Two New of the Anthiine Lepidoperca from Australia and New Zealand

Masao Katayama and Eiichi Fujii ReceivedJanuary 12,1980)(

Abstract Four species of the anthiine genus Lepidoperca()were captured off Australia and New Zealand region.Two of them are referable to Lepidoperca occidentalis Whitley and Lepidoperca pulchella(Waite).Lepidoperca inornata Regan is a female form of L.pulchella and a junior synonym of it.Two other species are described as new under the names Lepidoperca brochata and Lepidoperca magna.L.brochata is closely related to L.occidentalis,but differs in having no scales on the axil of pectoral fin,higher body and longer pectoral fin.L.magna can be distinguished from congeners by a deeper body,fewer anal fin rays,more projected lower jaw and larger number of pored lateral line scales.

Four species belonging to the anthiine genus In the following descriptions,data for the Lepidoperca were captured at depths between paratypes differing from those of the holotype 140m and 480m off the coasts of Western are given in parentheses.Measurements and Australia,South Australia and eastern Australia, counts were made according to the methods of the Norfork Ridge,and the Kermadec Ridge in Hubbs and Lagler(1964)except for the follow- the 1975•`76 and 1976•`77 cruises of the R/V ing:orbit diameter is the horizontal diameter Kaiyo-maru(Fig.1).These species are large of the bony orbit;the number of scales between and excellent food . the middle of the spinous and the One of them was referred to Lepidoperca lateral line was counted in a series from the occidentalis Whitley.Because the original de- dorsal fin base postero-ventrally to the lateral scription of L.occidentalis was quite brief and line,excluding any smaller scales at the base devoid of illustration,the present paper will of the fin;the last ray of dorsal and anal fins describe this species more completely.The was counted as one when branched to the base. second species,Lepidoperca pulchella(Waite). Sex was determined by dissection.Osteological is transferred from the genus Anthias to Lepido- observations were based on the following perca in the present paper.The type species specimens:L.occidentalis(NSMT-P 21455),135 of Lepidoperca,Lepidoperca inornata Regan,is mm;L.pulchella(NSMT-P 21461),194mm; the female form of L.pulchella.The other two L.brochata(NSMT-P 21440),206mm;and L. species are considered to be new.L.brochata magna(NSMT-P 21446),237 mm.Counts for was collected off the coast of New South Wales vertebrae and predorsal bones were taken from and L.magna from the Derwent-Hunter Guyot, radiographs. the Gifford Seamount,the Norfork Ridge and Genus Lepidoperca Regan,1914 the Kermadec Ridge. Lepidoperca Regan,1914a:15(type species: Material and methods Lepidoperca inornata Regan,1914,by mono- Collection data of the specimens examined are typy(=female form of Anthias pulchellus shown in Table 1.All specimens were captured Waite(1899)). by the R/V Kaiyo-maru,a bottom trawler of the Body oblong or ovate,moderately compressed. Japanese Fishery Agency.Specimens are de- Eye large,its diameter longer than interorbital posited in National Science Museum,Tokyo space.Interorbital space flattish.Dorsal fin (NSMT-P),Department of Zoology,University X,15•`18;its margin slightly notched before Museum,University of Tokyo(ZUMT)and the soft-rayed portion;anal fin III,7•`9. Australian Museum,Sydney(AMS). Pectoral fin rays 15•`17,the two uppermost rays

―241― 魚 類 学 雑 誌Japan.J.Ichthyol.29(3),1982

Fig.1.Localities where four species of Lepidoperca were collected by the R/V Kaiyo-maru and the type locality of the species of Lepidoperca recorded in the literature.

Table 1.Collection data associated with bottom trawls(T),bottom long line(LL)and vertical

line(L)in the 1975•`76 and 1976•`77 cruises of the R/V Kaiyo-maru.

unbranched,other rays branched.Caudal fin apical margin of scale provided with slender truncate or lunate;15 branched rays.Supra- ctenii;inner ctenii which end distally with a clear- maxilla present or absent.First infraorbital cut edge at the base of the ctenii arranged in serrated on lower border.Preopercle with rasp fashion.Head closely scaled except for lips; round angle,finely serrated along margin ; chin and some branchiostegals scaled.Lateral opercle with three flat spines posteriorly,middle line complete and normally curved;pored scales one longest;subopercle and interopercle serrated. 36•`51.Subocular shelf developed on 3rd

A pair of canines on tip of both jaws,directed infraorbital.Upper edge of ceratohyal deeply anteriorly;vomerine teeth v-shaped patch; concave;branchiostegals 7;length of urohyal tongue smooth.Gill rakers long and numerous, equal to hyoid body or slightly longer.Cranium

8•`11+21•`33.Scales large,ctenoid(Fig.2); (Fig.4)rather high,its base strongly curved;

―242― Katayama and Fujii:New Anthiine

frontals with a large anterior excavation;inter-

orbital region rather wide and flat;sensory

canal of frontal on each side runs rather closely;

a median depression bordered by the very short

lateral branch of the sensory canals;occipital

crest high;a transverse ridge in front of the

crest distinct or indistinct;posterior opening

of myodome large;exoccipital condyles for the

first vertebra slightly separate.Predorsal bones

3.Vertebrae 10+16.Pyloric caeca 5•`6.

Remarks.This genus is closely related to

Caesioperca De Castelnau,1872.but differs

from it in having a small number of dorsal

(1•`18 instead of 19•`22)and anal rays(7•`9

instead of 8•`11),a small number of pored

lateral line scales(36•`51 instead of 50•`65).

larger eyes.and v-shaped patch of teeth on

vomer(• -shaped).

Lepidoperca occidentalis Whitley Fig.3) (

Lepidoperca occidentalis Whitley,1951:398

type locality,between ( Naturaliste and Fig.2.Scales on anterior lateral part of the body

Geraldton,Western Australia,20 to 100 in Lepidoperca occidentalis,135mm SL.

fathoms);Whitley,1959:19(description;

South Australia) 15;anal fin rays III.7•`8.mostly 7;pectoral fin

Material examined.In the following.trawl rays 15•`16.mostly 15;pored lateral line scales numbers are given instead of localities.See 44-48;gill rakers 8•`11+25•`30.Body oblong.

Table 1 and Fig.1 for the data of each trawl compressed;greatest body depth 3.18•`3.95 number.NSMT-P 21451.98mm SL.NSMT-P in SL.Lower jaw slightly projecting beyond

21452.79mm.NSMT-P 21453.103.5mm(Trawl the upper when mouth is closed.First infra- no.T20);NSMT-P 21454.112.8mm,ZUMT orbital with.4•`5 spines on lower border;no

54317.122.2mm(Trawl no.T26);NSMT-P supramaxilla.Caudal fin lunate;pectoral fin

21455.135mm.NSMT-P 21456.151mm(Trawl shorter than head.Spinous dorsal naked;axil no.T54). of pectoral fin scaled.Upper side of body pink.

Diagnosis.Dorsal fin rays X,15•`16,mostly middle side yellow;dorsal fin yellow with a

Fig.3.Lepidoperca occidentalis Whitley,NSMT-P 21456,151mm SL.south Australia .

•\ 243•\— 魚 類 学 雑 誌Japan.J.Ichthyol.29(3),1982

A B

C D

Fig.4.Upper and lateral aspects of the cranium in four species of Lepidoperca.A:L.occidentalis,135 SL.B:L.pulchella,194mm.C:L.brochata,206mm.D:L.magna,237mm.Scales:10mm

dark blotch at tip of anterior soft dorsal fin. of the same 3.13•`3.66 in head.

Description.Dorsal fin rays X,15•`16 Mouth large,oblique,and slightly protractile;

(mostly 15);anal fin rays III,7•`8(mostly 7); lower jaw slightly projecting beyond the upper pectoral fin rays 15•`16(mostly 15);pored when mouth is closed;upper jaw length 2.29•` lateral line scales 44•`48;gill rakers 8•`11+25•` 2.48 in head;maxilla expanded distally,reaching 30=34•`41. below anterior margin of pupil;no supramaxilla. Body oblong,compressed;greatest body Nostrils close together,directly in front of eye; depth 3.18•`3.95 in SL;width just behind gill anterior nostril with an elevated rim and a

opening 5.81•`6.68 in SL;dorsal profile of head produced posterior flap;posterior one larger,

gently curved,ventral profile largely convex ; ovoid in shape.Upper jaw with a band of head length 2.74•`3.04 in SL;snout length 4.02•` villiform teeth,outermost ones canine-like,a

4.54 in head;diameter of orbit 2.78•`3.15 in pair of strong canines on tip of upper jaw, head;interorbital space slightly convex and directed anteriorly;teeth on lower jaw also shorter than eye diameter,3.28•`3.76 in head; villiform;a pair of strong canines on tip of

length of caudal peduncle 1.42 1.70,depth lower jaw,directed anteriorly;a few canines

•\2 44•\—

mm. Katayama and Fujii:New Anthiine Fishes

on each side of the jaw posteriorly;vomer and frontal on each side runs rather closely;a median palatines with narrow bands of villiform teeth, depression bordered by the very short lateral the band of vomer v-shaped;tongue smooth . branch of the sensory canals;occipital crest Preopercle with round angle,finely serrated high;a transverse ridge in front of the crest along margin;opercle with three flat spines, indistinct;posterior opening of myodome large; middle one longest,subopercle and interopercle exoccipital condyles for first vertebra slightly serrated. Gill rakers numerous,longer than gill separate. Vertebrae 10+16.Predorsal bones filaments. 3.Pyloric caeca 6. Dorsal fin inserted slightly before hind margin Distribution and collection data.Western of operculum;dorsal spine strong,4th one Australia;South Australia.Specimens were longest,2.10•`2.43 in head,length of last dorsal collected by bottom trawls off southern Western spine 3.00•`3.90;length of longest(5th)dorsal Australia(T20,T21,and T24)and South soft ray 2.46•`3.09 in head. Anal fin originat- Australia(T26,T35,and T54). ing below base of second dorsal soft ray;

second anal spine stouter and longer than the Lepidoperca pukhella(Waite)

third;length of first anal spine 4 .11•`4.79, Fig.5)(

second anal spine 2.26•`2.68,third anal spine Anthias pulchellus Waite,1899:77•`89;pl.XII 2.63•`2.99 in head;longest(1st)anal soft ray type locality,from ( Bungaree Norah to 2.02•` 2.35;posterior tip of dorsal and anal fins Wollongong,New South Wales,32 and 78 rounded. Pectoral fin subsymmetrical,shorter fathoms);McCulloch,1929•`30:155(listed); than head,reaching vertical through anus,its McCulloch,1934:44•`45,pl.17,fig.161a length 3.09•`3.66 in SL;the rays mostly branch- ( New South Wales);Munro,1961:172,fig. ed;pelvic fin inserted slightly anterior to lower 1013;Whitley,1964:42(listed);Whitley,1968: end of pectoral fin base,its length 4.37•`5.20 in 54(Moeraki,New Zealand)(listed). SL. Caudal fin lunate,upper lobe longer;its Lepidoperca inornata Regan,1914a:15(type branched rays 15. locality,Cape North,New Zealand,70 Scales large,ctenoid;6 in a series from origin fathoms);Regan,1914b:17(from original of dorsal to lateral line,3 in a series from middle description);Whitley,1968:54(listed).New of spinous dorsal to lateral line and 13 or 14 synonym. from origin of anal to lateral line;head closely Material examined.NSMT-P 21457,198.5 scaled except for lips;axil of pectoral fin scaled; mm,male,NSMT-P 21458,143.5mm,female, soft dorsal and anal covered with small scales NSMT-P 21459,189.5mm,male,NSMT-P basally. Lateral line normally curved;tubes 21460,144mm,female,NSMT-P 21461,194 on lateral line scales bifurcate. mm,male(Trawl no.T69);ZUMT 54318,157 Color in formalin pale yellowish,with a dark mm,female,NSMT-P 21462,220mm,male, blotch at tip of anterior soft dorsal fin. Color NSMT-P 21463,193.5mm,male NSMT-P when fresh:Upper side of body pink;middle 21464,202mm,male,NSMT-P 21465,148mm, side yellow,lower jaw pink;dorsal fin yellow female,NSMT-P 21466,156mm,female,ZUMT with a dark blotch at tip of anterior soft dorsal 54323,183mm,male,NSMT-P 21468,196.5 fin;caudal fin yellow;pectoral fin pale yellow; mm,male,NSMT-P 21467,177.7mm,female

pelvic fin pale pink;anal spine and anterior anal (Trawl no.T71). rays yellow,the posterior part colorless. Diagnosis.Dorsal fin rays X,16•`17;anal fin Internal characters:First infraorbital with rays III,7•`8,mostly 8;pectoral fin rays 16•`17, 4•`5 spines on lower border;subocular shelf mostly 16;pored lateral line scales 42•`46;gill developed on 3rd infraorbital;upper edge of rakers 10•`12+25•`29.Body ovoid,com- ceratohyal deeply concave;branchiostegals 7; pressed;greatest body depth 2.32•`2.72 in SL. length of urohyal about equal to hyoid body. Lower jaw slightly projecting beyond the upper Cranium(Fig.4A)rather high,its base largely when mouth is closed. First infraorbital finely curved;frontals with a large anterior excava- serrated on lower border;no supramaxilla. tion;interorbital region rather wide and flat, Caudal slightly emarginate;pectoral fin long, its width 3.06 in cranium length;sensory canal of about equal to head length. About half basal

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Fig.5.Lepidoperca pulchella(Waite)Top:NSMT-P 21462.220mm SL.male Bottom:ZUMT 54318 157mm.female,southeastern Australia. . part of spinous dorsal scaled;axil of pectoral fin head;interorbital space flattish and shorter than scaled Upper side of body red.middle side eye diameter.3.44•`4.32 in head;the length of orange;fins yellow In male a large black blotch caudal peduncle 1.60•`2.11.depth of the same present on anterior rays of soft dorsal 2.91•`3.19 in head Description Dorsal fin rays. X.16•`17; Mouth large . oblique and slightly protractile; anal fin rays III,7•`8(mostly 8);pectoral fin lower jaw projecting beyond upper when mouth rays 16•`17(mostly 16);pored lateral line is closed;upper jaw length 2.26•`2.46 in head;

scales 42•`46;gill rakers 10•`12+25•`29= maxilla expanded distally.reaching below an-

35•`40(excluding 1 or 2 rudimentary ones on terior border of pupil;no supramaxilla Nostrils. lower part) close together.directly in front of eye;anterior

Body ovoid.compressed;greatest body depth nostril with an elevated rim and a produced

2.32•`2.72 in SL;width just behind gill opening posterior flap ;posterior one larger,ovoid in 4.95•`5.79 in SL;dorsal profile of head slightly shape Upper jaw with a band of small teeth.

concave above eye.ventral profile gently curved; outermost ones larger and canine-like,a pair

head length 2.56•`2.93 in SL;snout length 3.95•` of canines on tip of upper jaw.directed anter-

4.72 in head;diameter of orbit 3.02•`3.56 in iorly;two or three canines on each side of the

―246― Katayama and Fujii:New Anthiine Fishes

jaw posteriorly;teeth on lower jaw also villi- large anterior excavation;interorbital region

form;a pair of large canines on tip of lower jaw, rather wide and flat,its width 3.00 in cranium

directed anteriorly;few canines on each side of length;sensory canal of frontal on each side

the jaw posteriorly;vomer and palatines with. runs rather closely;a median depression bordered.

narrow bands of villiform teeth,the band of by the very short lateral branch of the sensory

vomer v-shaped;tongue smooth.Preopercle canals;occipital crest very high;a transverse

with round angle,finely serrated along margin; ridge in front of the crest;a lateral wing on

opercle with three flat spines,middle one long- each side of the anterior part of parasphenoid;

est;subopercle and interopercle serrated.Gill posterior opening of myodome large;exoccipital

rakers numerous,longer than gill filaments. condyles for first vertebra slightly separate.

Dorsal fin inserted slightly before hind margin Vertebrae 10+16.Predorsal bones 3.Pyloric

of operculum;dorsal spines strong,3rd or 4th caeca 5•`6.

one longest,2.05•`2.49 in head;length of last Distribution and collection data.Eastern

dorsal spine 2.45•`3.80;length of longest(5th) Australia;New Zealand.Specimens were

dorsal soft ray 2.19•`2.49.Anal fin originating collected by a bottom trawl off New South

below base of third dorsal soft ray;second Wales(T69).

anal spine stouter and longer than first;length Remarks.Investigations on our 14 specimens,

of first anal spine 3.77•`4.29,second anal spine male:8 and female:6,disclosed the differences

2.01•`2.62,third anal spine 2.26•`2.87,and between sexes,as follows.(1)The body size longest(3rd)anal soft ray 1.79•`2.05 in head; of male(183•`220mm SL)is larger than that posterior tip of dorsal fin and anal fin rounded. of female(143.5•`177mm SL).(2)All of Pectoral fin subsymmetrical,about as long as male specimens have a large black blotch on head,reaching vertical through anterior part anterior rays of soft dorsal fin,whereas absent of anal fin base,its length 2.68•`2.97 in SL; in female.The size-sex distribution which was caudal fin slightly emarginate,branchd rays 15. detected in this study implies a possible pro-

Scales large,ctenoid;5 in a series from origin togynous mode of reproduction in this species of dorsal to lateral line,3 in a series from middle like Sacura margaritacea and Caprodon schlegeli. of spinous dorsal to lateral line and 13 or 14 The sex reversal of this species probably takes from origin of anal to lateral line;head closely place in the range between 170 and 180mm SL. scaled except for lips;pectoral axil with scales; Our female specimens(143.5•`77mm SL)agree about half basal part of dorsal fin and anal fin well with the holotype of Lepidoperca inornata scaled.Lateral line normally curved,forming (135mm in total length,from near Cape North, an angle under last dorsal rays;tubes on lateral New Zealand)except for having smaller eye line scales bifurcate. (Table 2).The ratio of the diameter of eye to Color in formalin pale yellowish;a large the head length becomes smaller as the length black blotch on anterior rays of soft dorsal fin of body increases.In Regan's figure many in male.Color when fresh:Upper side of scales are seen on spinous dorsal fin as in our body red,each scale with a dark mark in the specimens.On the other hand our male center,tending to form longitudinal lines;mid- specimens(183•`220mm SL)which have a dle side orange;fins yellow;iris red,upper dark blotch on anterior rays of soft dorsal fin rim of eye with a black blotch in female but agree with the holotype of Anthias pulchellus fade away in male.In male a large black Waite(1899),223mm in total length,from off blotch present on anterior rays of soft dorsal the coast of New South Wales. fin.

Internal characters:First infraorbital finely Lepidoperca brochata sp.nov Fig.6) .( serrated on lower border;subocular shelf de- veloped on 3rd infraorbital.Upper edge of Holotype.NSMT-P 21438,196mm in SL, ceratohyal deeply concave;branchiostegals 7; southeastern Australia(34•‹51.7•ŒS,151•‹07.5•ŒE) urohyal rather large,its length slightly longer 236 m depth,31 December 1975(Trawl no. than hyoid body.Cranium(Fig.4B)rather T69). high,its base strongly curved;frontals with a Paratypes.NSMT-P 21439,165mm,ZUMT

•\ 247•\— 魚 類 学 雑 誌Japan.J.Ichthyol.29(3),1982

54320,188.5mm,AMS I.23359-001,199mm, in head;length of caudal peduncle 1.68

NSMT-P 21440,206mm(Trawl no.T69); (1.43•`1.69),depth of the same 3.00(3.09•` NSMT-P 21441,171mm,NSMT-P 21442,217 3.39)in head. mm,(Trawl no.T71). Mouth large,oblique and protractile;lower

Diagnosis.Dorsal fin rays X,16;anal fin jaw slightly projecting beyond the upper when rays III,7;pectoral fin rays 15;pored lateral mouth is closed;upper jaw length 2.23(2.26•`

line scales 45•`46;gill rakers 10•`12+27•`29. 2.37)in head;maxilla expanded distally,reach- Body oblong,compressed;greatest body depth ing below anterior margin of pupil;no supra-

2.65•`2.95 in SL.Lower jaw slightly pro- maxilla.Nostrils close together,directly in jecting beyond the upper when mouth is closed. front of eye,anterior nostril with an elevated First infraorbital finely serrated on lower border; rim and a produced posterior flap;posterior

no supramaxilla.Caudal fin slightly emarginate; one larger,ovoid in shape.Upper jaw with a

pectoral fin long,its length about equal to head band of villiform teeth,outermost ones much length.Spinous dorsal naked;axil of pectoral larger and canine-like,a pair of large strong fin naked.Upper side of body red,middle canines on tip of upper jaw,directed anteriorly;

side orange;fins yellow. teeth on lower jaw also villiform;a pair of Description.Dorsal fin rays X,16;anal fin large strong canines on tip of lower jaw,directed

rays III,7;pectoral fin rays 15;pelvic fin rays anteriorly;a few canines on each side of the

I,5;pored lateral line scales 46(45 46);gill jaw posteriorly;vomer and palatines with nar- rakers 11+27=38(10•`12+27•`29=37•`41). row bands of villiform teeth,the band on Body oblong,compressed;greatest body vomer v-shaped;tongue smooth.Preopercle

depth 2.65(2.73•`2.95)in SL;width just behind with round angle,finely serrated along margin;

gill opening 5.60(5.58•`5.91)in SL;dorsal opercle with three flat spines,middle one long- profile of head slightly concave above eye, est;subopercle and interopercle serrated along ventral profile largely convex;head length 2.84 their margin,near the point of their union.

(2.70•`2.86)in SL;snout length 4.06(4.00•` Gill rakers numerous,longer than gill filaments.

4.84)in head;diameter of orbit 3.29(3.04•` Dorsal fin inserted slightly before hind margin

3.38)in head;interorbital space slightly convex of operculum;dorsal spines strong;fourth spine

and shorter than eye diameter,3.83(3.81•`4.45) longest,2.16(1.98•`2.20)in head;length of

Table 2.Characteristics of holotypes of Lepidoperca inornata

―248― Katayama and Fujii:New Anthiine Fishes

Fig,6.Holotype of Lepidoperca brochata,NSMT-T 21438,196mm SL,southeastern Australia.

last dorsal spine 3.29(2.82%•`3.81);length of of anal fin,its length 2.88(2.73•`2.93)in SL;the longest(4th)dorsal soft ray 2.76(2.54•`2.90). rays mostly branched.Pelvic fin inserted slight-

Anal fin originating below base of second ly anterior to lower end of pectoral fin base, dorsal soft ray;second anal spine stouter and its length 4.45(4.33•`4.79)in SL.Caudal fin longer than the third;length of first anal spine slightly emarginate,branched rays 15.

4.76(4.18•`4.59),second anal spine 2.46(2.26•` Scales large,ctenoid;6 in a series from origin

2.65),third anal spine 2.56(2.34•`2.77)in head; of dorsal to lateral line 3 in a series from middle longest(1st)anal soft ray 2.03(2.06•`2.26)in of spinous dorsal to lateral line and 14 from head;posterior tip of dorsal fin and anal fin origin of anal fin to lateral line;head closely rounded.Pectoral fin subsymmetrical,about scaled except for lips;axil of pectoral fin naked; as long as head,reaching vertical through origin spinous dorsal naked;soft dorsal and anal

Regan and Lepidoperca pulchella(Waite),and our specimens of L.pulchella.

•\2 49•\— 魚類学雑誌 Japan.J.Ichthyol.29(3),1982

covered with small scales basally.Lateral line well projecting beyond the upper when mouth normally curved;tubes on lateral line scales is closed.First infraorbital finely serrated on bifurcate. lower border.Maxillary with a rudimentary Color in formalin pale yellowish.Color supramaxilla.Caudal fin truncate to slightly when fresh:Upper side of body red,middle concave;pectoral fin long,about equal to head side orange;lower jaw pink;fin yellow. length.Spinous dorsal fin naked;axil of Internal characters:First infraorbital finely pectoral fin naked.Body yellowish red;lateral serrated on lower border;subocular shelf de- line black;fins yellow. veloped on 3rd infraorbital.Upper edge of Description.Dorsal fin rays X,16(15 16, ceratohyal deeply concave;branchiostegals 7; mostly 16);anal fin rays III,7;pectoral fin rays length of urohyal about equal to hyoid body. 15;pelvic fin rays I,5;pored lateral line scales Cranium(Fig.4C)rather high,its base strongly 48(45•`50);gill rakers 9+24=33(8•`10 +21 curved;frontal with a large anterior excavation; 25=29•`33). •` interorbital region rather wide and flat,its width Body ovate,compressed;greatest body depth

3.31 in cranium length;sensory canal of frontal 2.60(2.29 2.60)in SL;width just behind gill on each side runs rather closely;a median opening 5.66(5.24'-..' 5.63)in SL;dorsal profile depression bordered by the very short lateral of head slightly concave above eye,ventral branch of the sensory canal;occipital crest profile gently curved;head length 2.70(2.57 - very high;a transverse ridge in front of the crest 2.75)in SL;diameter of orbit 3.04(2.89 -3.17) indistinct;posterior opening of myodome large; in head;snout 4.10(3.72 -4.18)in head;inter- exoccipital condyles for first vertebra slightly orbital space flat and shorter than eye diameter, separate.Vertebrae 10+16.Predorsal bones 3.94(3.77 4.40)in head;length of caudal

3.Pyloric caeca 5. peduncle 1.82(1.64•`1.96),depth of the same Remarks.The present new species is closely 2.83(2.77•`2.94)in head. related to L.occidentalis,but differs from it in Mouth large,oblique and slightly protractile; having a higher body,a greater number of dorsal lower jaw well projecting beyond the upper soft rays,no scales on axil of pectoral fin,longer when mouth is closed;upper jaw length 2.22 pectoral fin and no dark blotch on tip of anterior (2.09•`2.24)in head;maxilla reaching below soft dorsal. middle of orbit;a rudimentary supramaxilla

Distribution and collection data.Southeastern present.Nostrils close together,directly in Australia.Specimens were collected by a front of eye;anterior nostril with an elevated bottom trawl off New South Wales(T69). rim and a produced posterior flap;posterior

Etymology.The Latin brochata means having one larger,ovoid in shape.Upper jaw with a projecting teeth. band of villiform teeth,outermost ones much larger and canine-like;a pair of large strong

Lepidoperca magna sp.nov. canines on tip of upper jaw,directed anteriorly;

Fig.7) ( teeth on lower jaw also villiform;a pair of large

Holotype.NSMT-P 21443,221mm,Nor- strong canines on tip of lower jaw,directed fork Ridge(29•‹35'S,168•‹05.8'E)308 m depth, anteriorly;a few canines on each side of jaw 17 Jan.1976(Trawl no.T82). posteriorly;vomer and palatines with narrow Paratypes.NSMT-P 21444,227mm(T80); bands of villiform teeth,the band on vomer

NSMT-P 21445,237.5mm,AMS I.23358-001, v-shaped;tongue smooth.Preopercle with

222mm,ZUMT 54319,221mm,NSMT-P round angle,finely serrated along margin;

21446,237mm,NSMT-P 21447,263mm(T82); opercle with three flat spines,middle one

NSMT-P 21448,268mm,NSMT-P 21449,239 longest;subopercle and interopercle serrated mm(Ti);NSMT-P 21450,206mm(T3). along their margins,near point of.their union.

Diagnosis.Dorsal fin rays X,15 16,mostly Gill rakers numerous,longer than gill filaments. 16;anal fin rays III,7;pectoral fin rays 15; Dorsal fin inserted slightly before hind margin pored lateral line scales 45 50;gill rakers 8 - of operculum;dorsal spines strong,4th one 10 +21 -25.Body ovate,compressed;great- longest,2.10(1.89 2.12)in head;no distinct est body depth 2.29 2.60 in SL.Lower jaw notch between the spinous and soft parts,

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Fig.7.Holotype of Lepidoperca magna,NSMT-P 21443,221 mm SL,Norfork Ridge. though first soft ray is a little longer than serrated on lower border;subocular shelf de- last spine;longest(5th)dorsal soft ray 2.56 veloped on 3rd infraorbital;upper edge of

(2.36•`2.82)in Mad.Anal fin originating ceratohyal deeply concave;branchiostegals 7; below base of second dorsal soft ray;second urohyal slightly shorter than hyoid body. anal spine stouter and longer than third;length Cranium(Fig.4D)rather high,its base strongly of first anal spine 3.73(3.74'4.59),second curved;frontals with a large anterior excava- anal spine 2.41(2.21 2.37),third anal spine tion;interorbital region rather wide and flat,its 2.73(2.35•`2.77)in head;longest(2nd)anal soft width 2.88 in cranium length;sensory canal of ray 2.10(1.96•`2.28)in head;posterior tip frontal on each side runs rather closely;a of dorsal fin and anal fin rounded.Pectoral median depression bordered by the very short fin subsymmetrical,about as long as head, lateral branch of the sensory canal;occipital reaching vertical through middle of anal base, crest very high;a transverse ridge in front of the its length 2.68(2.60•`2.85)in SL;the rays crest;a lateral wing on each side of the anterior mostly branched.Pelvic fin inserted slightly part of parasphenoid;posterior opening of anterior to lower end of pectoral fin base,its myodome large;exoccipital condyles for first length 3.98(3.73•`3.98)in SL;caudal fin vertebra slightly separate.Vertebrae 10+16. truncate,branched rays 15. Predorsal bones 3.Pyloric caeca 6. Scales large,ctenoid;7 in a series from origin Remarks.The present new species is closely of dorsal to lateral line,4 in a series from middle related to L.brochata sp.nov.,but differs from of spinous dorsal to lateral line and 19 from it in having a higher body,a small number of origin of anal to lateral line;head closely scaled gill rakers,much projecting lower jaw,a rudi- except for lips;axil of pectoral fin naked; mentary supramaxilla and black lateral line. spinous dorsal naked,soft dorsal and anal From L.pulchella(Waite)it is distinguished by covered with small scales basally.Lateral line fewer anal soft rays and pectoral fin rays,larger high,concurrent with back forming an angle number of lateral line scales,no scales on spinous under last dorsal rays;tubes on lateral line dorsal fin and axil of pectoral fin,much pro- scales bifurcate. jecting lower jaw,a rudimentary supramaxilla Color in formalin pale yellowish.Color and different coloration. when fresh:Body yellowish red;lateral line Distribution and collection data.Eastern black;fins yellow. Australia;Norfork Ridge;Kermadec Ridge. Internal characters:First infraorbital finely Specimens were collected by bottom trawls,a

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bottom long line,and vertical lines on the Exped. Nat. Hist., Rep. Zool., London, 1, 1: 1•`54,

Derwent-Hunter Guyot(Ti,T2,T3,and T4), 13 pls, 8 figs. the Gifford Seamount(T6),the Norfork Ridge Waite, E. R. 1899. Scientific results of the travel- (T15,T78,T80,and T82),and the Kermadec ing expedition of H. M. C. S. "Thetis" off the Ridge(LL3,L6,and L7). coast of New South Wales in February and March Etymology.The Latin magna means large. 1898. Aust. Mus. Mem., 4: 27 128, pls. 1•`31. Whitley, G. P. 1951. Studies in ichthyology, No. The present new species attains large size(270 15. Rec. Aust. Mus., 22 (4) 389 408, figs. 1•`14. mm in SL). Whitley, G. P. 1959. More ichthyological snippets. Proc. Roy. Zool. Soc. N. S. W., 1958/9: 11•`26, Acknowledgments figs. 1•`9.

We are grateful to Dr.P.C.Heemstra,J.L.B. Whitley, G. P. 1964. A survey of Australian

Smith Institute of Ichthyology,Rhodes Uni- ichthyology. Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W., 89 (1): 11 versity,Dr.Teruya Uyeno,National Science 127. •` Museum,Tokyo,and Dr.Yoshiaki Tominaga, Whitley, G. P. 1968. A check-list of the fishes Tokyo University,for their comments on the recorded from the New Zealand Region. Aust. manuscript.We also thank Dr.Tetsuya Sato Zoologist, 15 (1): 11•`127. and Mr.Shigeyuki Kawahara of the Far Seas (MK:;EF) Fisheries Research Laboratory,Dr.Hideo Kono, the Japan Marine Fishery Resource Research Center,and the crew of the R/V Kaiyo-maru, オ ー ス トラ リア ・ ニ ュ ー ジ ー ラ ン ド産 ハ ナ ダ イ 亜 科 Lepidoperca属 の2新 種 for obtaining specimens and allowing us examine them,Dr.T.Adamson,Natural History 片 山正 夫 ・藤 井 英 一 Museum,Los Angeles County,for copies of 水 産 庁 調 査 船 開 洋 丸 に よ っ て,オ ー ス ト ラ リ ア 西 岸, literature and Mr.Yutaka Fuzioka,Yamaguchi 南 岸,南 東 岸 沖 お よ び ノ ー フ ォ ー ク 海 嶺,ケ ル マ デ ッ University,for his skilful help in taking various ク 海 嶺 で 採 集 さ れ たLepidopera属 の ハ ナ ダ イ4種 類 kinds of photographs. に っ い て 記 載 し た,そ の 中 の2種 はL.occidemtalis Whitleyお よ びL.pulchella(Waite)に 同 定 さ れ た.

Literature cited 前 種 は 原 記 載 が 極 め て 簡 単 で 図 も 示 さ れ て い な い の で 詳 し く記 載 し た.後 種 の 雄 は,従 来Atthias pulchellus Hubbs, C. L. and K. L. Lagler. 1964. Fishes of Waite,1899と さ れ て お り,背 び れ 軟 条 部 前 部 に 黒 斑 the Great Lakes Region. Univ. Michigan Press, を も っ.ま た,Lepidoperca属 の 模 式 種 で あ るL. Ann Arbor, 213 pp. inornata Regan,1914は 背 び れ に 黒 斑 の な い 雌 個 体 と McCulloch, A. R. 1929 30. A check-list the of 考 え ら れ る 、 従 っ て,本 研 究 で はA.pulchellusを fishes recorded from Australia. Aust. Mus. Lepidoperca属 に 移 し,L.inomataを そ のJunlor Mem.,5 (1•`4): 1•`534. synonymと し た.他 の2種 は 新 種 で,Lepidoperca McCulloch, A. R. 1934. The fishes and fish-like brochataお よ びLepidoperca magnaと 命 名 し記 載 し of New South Wales. Roy. Zool. Soc. た 。L.brochataはL.occidentalisに 極 め て 近 縁 で あ N. S. W., Sydney, XXVI+104 pp., 43 pis. る が,胸 び れ 腋 部 に 鱗 の な い こ と,体 高 が や や 高 い こ Munro, I. S. R. 1961. Family Anthiidae. Hand- と,胸 び れ が や や 長 い こ と,お よ び 体 色 な ど で 区 別 さ book Austr. Fishes, 42: 170 172. In Aust. Fish. れ る.L.magmaは 体 高 が 高 い こ と,腎 び れ が7軟 条 Newsletter, 20 (12): 41, figs. 1004•`1013. で あ る こ と,下 顎 が 上 顎 よ り は る か に 突 出 し て い る こ Regan, C. T. 1914a. Diagnosis of new marine と,上 主 上 顎 骨 が あ る こ と,側 線 鱗 数 が 多 い こ と,黒 fishes collected by the British Antarctic ("Terra 色 の 側 線 を も っ こ と な ど で 他 の 本 属 の 種 類 と 区 別 さ れ Nova") Expedition. Ann, Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. る. 8, 13: 11•`17.

Regan, C. T. 1914b. British Antarctic ("Terra (片 山:;藤 井: Nova") Expedition 1910. Fishes, Brit. Antarct. )

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