Review Article International Ayurvedic Medical Journal ISSN:2320 5091

AN AYURVEDIC APPROACH FOR OCCUPATIONAL DISORDERS OF NOSE Dr. Nara Akshata1, Dr.B C Dheeraj2, Dr.M J Ashwini3 1PG Scholar, 2Associate professor, 3H O D & Professor Shree Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwar College of Ayurveda and Hospital Department of Shalakya , Hassan-573201, Karnataka, India ABSTRACT Head (Shiras) is said to be supreme organ (Uttamanga) because it has all the body roots in it and site of important sense organs like nose, ear, throat etc. Pranavata, Alochaka Pitta and Tarpaka Kapha, these are the sub types of Vata, Pitta & Kapha, situated in the Head (Shiras), which play very essential role. We should protect our Shiras and sense organs with great care. Ayurvedic guidelines are very stand- ard in the management of head and neck disorder (Urdhwa Jatrugata Vyadhi), especially Nasya & Pratimarsha Nasya. Occupation & surrounding environment will definitely have effect on the health. Due to occupation and environment, many disorders are being produced in the nose like rhinitis, sinusitis etc. Kaya Shodhana and Shiro Virechana helps to overcome these nasal disorders. Keywords: Occupation, Rhinitis, Sinusitis, Nasya, Pratimarsha Nasya.

INTRODUCTION People depend on various professions ozone), fumes and vapors which are present in for their livelihood. The prevalence of getting the working environment. The nasal mucosa is occupational disorders is exceeding in one or the continuously exposed to these aero-allergens or other way. Working environment, stress and ten- air pollutants encountered at the work floor that sion taken during the work will definitely have are causing allergic rhinitis. Depending on the some effect on the health and mind of a person amount of chemical gases and polluted air in- leading to occupational disorders. haled causes the activation of mast cells which An occupational disease is a disease contracted intern leads to vasodilation and luekotriens, primarily as a result of exposure to risk factors bradykinin and histamine generation directly or arising from the work activity1. Occupational via neuronal reflexes and produce itching, sneez- hazards are developed from dust, chemical gases ing, mucus secretion, nasal congestion and and other air pollutants. Commonly found occu- blockage which are symptoms of rhinitis3. pational disorders related to nose are rhinitis and When the infection extends to the Para na- sinusitis. sal sinuses, it causes additional symptoms of Occupational rhinitis is the inflammation of rhino sinusitis like headache and anosmia. Soft- nasal mucosa due to etiological causes like inha- ware engineers and bank employees are being lation of harmful chemical gases, dust particle exposed to long hours of centralized air condi- and professionals such as teachers, flour mill tioning. Usually air conditioners lowers the hu- workers, textile factory workers, painters, car- midity and temperature causing dryness in the penters and hairdressers are most commonly mucous membranes, some air borne particles in prone to allergic rhinitis and rhino sinusitis2. The air conditioners will irritate the nasal mucosa airways are the primary target for a variety of causing inflammatory changes in nasal mucosa work related irritants like dust (chalk piece dust, leading to rhinitis, rhino sinusitis, nasal polypo- wood dust), chemical gases (nitrogen dioxide, sis and other upper respiratory tract infections4

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Dr.Nara Akshata Et Al: An Ayurvedic Approach For Occupational Disorders Of Nose Exposure to Avashyaya (morning mist), route reaches Sringataka Marma and Virya of Purovata (type of wind) and Raja (dust) are the drug spreads in the Siras of Nasa, Akshi, Karna Nidanas which cause Vatadi Dosha Dushti, re- and does Shodhana of the Shiras. It helps main- sulting in Pratilomagati of Vata and Doshas get ly in Urdhwa Jatrugata Rogas, cures the Vyad- accumulated in the Nasa Pradesha will produce hi, helps in Sukha Uchwasa and Nishwas, Pratishyaya5. Purva Rupas are Kshavathu, Kshavathu, Sukha Swapna Prabhodana and Angamarda, Shiroguratva and Rupas are does Shiras- Vadana- Indriya Vishuddhi.12 Kshavathu (Brusham Kshavathu) Ghranopa- CONCLUSION rodha (Nasal obstruction), Nasasrava (Achcha Various nasal disorders are highly influ- Kapha Sruti / clear watery discharge) and Swa- enced by the atmosphere of the working envi- 6 rabheda . If the person continues the same Ni- ronment. Any condition such as air pollution or dana and not treated in the proper time, then it changes in the working environment results in 7 will lead to Dushta Pratishyaya the changes of normal physiology of nose. Ni- CHIKITSA dana Parivarjana is the basic line of treatment, In Pratishyaya and Dushta Pratishyaya, by incorporating regimen of Dinacharya, Nasya Shodhana and Shamana therapies are advised in and Pratimarsha Nasya in day to day life, helps classics like Nasya. in maintaining Samyavastha of Dosha in the First Deepana-Pachana given with Urdhwa Jatrugata Bhaga. Chitrakadi Vati, Panchakola Phanta and after REFERENCES attaining Agnidipti, we should start Snehapana 1. www.who.int/occupationalhealth/activities/o 8 with Vidaryadi Gana Sarpi for 3-7 days (till ccupationalworkdisease.com obtaining the Samyak Snigdha Lakshana), after 2. Hox V, Steelant B, Fokkens W, Nemery B, this Sarvanga Abhyanga and Bashpa Swedana Hellings PW. Occupational upper airway followed by Sukha Virechana is given with disease: how work affects the nose. Allergy Trivrut Lehya 60 gms followed by Triphala 2014; 69: 282–291. Kashaya 100 ml. After Virechana, body be- 3. Ian .S.Mackay & T.R.Bull, editors. Scott- Brown’s Otolaryngology.6th ed.Butterworth- come purify then Nasya can be adminis- th tered. Mukha Abhyanga can be done with Asana Heinemann.4 vol.1997.4/6/5 4. www.wikepedia/airconditioninginduceddiso Bilwadi Taila and followed by Sthanika rder.com Swedana then Nasya is given with Anu Taila. 5. Kaviraj Ambikadutta Shastri, editor. After that Ushnodaka Kavala and Dhumapana Sushruta Samhita with Ayurveda were given to clear the channels. Along with Sandipika.: Chaukhamba San- Nasya Karma, Shamana Aushadhis like Harid- skritsamsthana; Reprint; 2006. p.118 rakhanada, Laxmi Vilas Rasa are administered. 6. Kaviraj Ambikadutta Shastri, editor. Pathya i.e. patient should be advised to stay in a Sushruta Samhita with Ayurveda Tattva windless place, a light liquid diet and lukewarm Sandipika.Varanasi: Chaukhamba San- water are advised. One should avoid dust, skritsamsthana; Reprint; 2006. p.118 smoke, sunshine, head bath, anger, riding, ex- 7. Kaviraj Ambikadutta Shastri, editor. 9 cessive intake of fat .Along with all these treat- Sushruta Samhita with Ayurveda Tattva ment modalities, the guidelines of Dinacharya Sandipika.Varanasi: Chaukhamba San- i.e Pratimarsha Nasya10 should be followed skritsamsthana; Reprint; 2006. p.119 daily to get rid of all these disorders, strengthens 8. Kaviraj Ambikadutta Shastri, editor. the Urdhwa Jatru Pradesha and it act as both Sushruta Samhita with Ayurveda Tattva Shodhana and Snehana. Sandipika.Varanasi: Chaukhamba San- DISCUSSION skritsamsthana; Reprint; 2006. p.120-121 Ayurveda has emphasized that “Nasa Hi 9. Kaviraj Ambikadutta Shastri, editor. Shiraso Dwaram”11 , Nasya and Pratimarsha Sushruta Samhita with Ayurveda Tattva Nasya which are administered through nasal

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Dr.Nara Akshata Et Al: An Ayurvedic Approach For Occupational Disorders Of Nose Sandipika.Varanasi: Chaukhamba San- Sandipika.Varanasi: Chaukhamba San- skritsamsthana; Reprint; 2006. p.183 skritsamsthana; Reprint; 2006.p. 183 10. Agnivesha, Charak Samhita revised by Charak and Drdhabala with introduction by CORRESPONDING AUTHOR Vaidyasamrat Sri Satya Narayan Sastri with Dr. Nara Akshata elaborated Vidyotini hindi commentary by Shree Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwar pt. Kashinath shastri and Dr. chaturvedi. Reprint. Varanasi: Chaukhamba College of Ayurveda and Hospital Bharati Academy;2009.p.724 Department of Shalakya Tantra, 11. Vagbhata, Prof P V Sharma. Asthanga Hri- Hassan-573201, Karnataka, India daya, sutrasthana 20/1, 9th ed.Varanasi; Email: [email protected] Chowkambha Sansthan publishers, 2002: p.257 12. Kaviraj Ambikadutta Shastri, editor. Source of Support: Nil Sushruta Samhita with Ayurveda Tattva Conflict of Interest: None Declared

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