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LETTRE OUVERTE LETTRE OUVERTE : S’Unir Pour Un Vaccin Pour Tou-Te-S Contre Le COVID-19

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LETTRE OUVERTE LETTRE OUVERTE : S’Unir Pour Un Vaccin Pour Tou-Te-S Contre Le COVID-19 2020-05-14T13:23:58.730Z Oxfam International LETTRE OUVERTE LETTRE OUVERTE : S’unir pour un vaccin pour tou-te-s contre le COVID-19 Oxfam International Follow May 14 · 11 min read L’humanité d’aujourd’hui, vulnérable face à ce virus, est à la recherche d’un vaccin eõcace et sûr contre le COVID-19. C’est notre meilleur espoir de mettre un terme à cette douloureuse pandémie mondiale. Nous demandons aux ministres de la santé réunis à l’Assemblée mondiale de la santé de se rallier d’urgence à la cause d’un vaccin pour tou-te-s contre cette maladie. Les gouvernements et les partenaires internationaux doivent s’engager : lorsqu’un vaccin sûr et eõcace sera développé, il devra être produit rapidement à grande échelle et mis gratuitement à la disposition de tous, dans tous les pays. Il en va de même pour tous les traitements, diagnostics et autres technologies contre le COVID-19. Nous reconnaissons que de nombreux pays et organisations internationales progressent vers cet objectif, en coopérant multilatéralement en matière de recherche et de développement, de ùnancement et d’accès, y compris les 7,4 milliards d’euros annoncés le secteurs public et privés, et à des milliards de dollars de recherche ùnancée par les pouvoirs publics, la découverte d’un vaccin potentiel progresse à une vitesse sans précédent et plusieurs essais cliniques ont déjà commencé. Notre monde sera plus sûr que lorsque tout le monde pourra bénéùcier de la science et avoir accès à un vaccin — ce qui est un déù politique. L’Assemblée mondiale de la santé doit parvenir à un accord mondial qui garantisse un accès universel rapide à des vaccins et à des traitements de qualité, les besoins étant prioritaires sur la capacité de payer. Il est temps que les ministres de la Santé renouvellent les engagements pris lors de la création de l’Organisation mondiale de la Santé (OMS), où tous les États ont convenu d’assurer “le meilleur état de santé possible en tant que droit fondamental de tout être humain”. Ce n’est pas le moment de favoriser les intérêts des entreprises et des gouvernements les plus riches, au détriment de la nécessité universelle de sauver des vies, ou de laisser cette tâche importante et morale aux forces du marché. L’accès aux vaccins et aux traitements en tant que biens publics mondiaux est dans l’intérêt de toute l’humanité. Nous ne pouvons pas laisser des monopoles, une concurrence grossière et un nationalisme myope faire obstacle à cet accès à la santé. Nous devons tenir compte de l’avertissement selon lequel “ceux qui ne se souviennent pas du passé sont condamnés à le répéter”. Nous devons tirer les douloureuses leçons d’une histoire d’inégalité d’accès face à des maladies telles que le VIH et le virus Ebola. Mais nous devons également nous souvenir des victoires révolutionnaires des mouvements de santé, notamment des militants et des défenseurs de la lutte contre le sida qui se sont battus pour l’accès de tou-te-s à des médicaments abordables. En appliquant ces leçons, nous appelons à un accord mondial sur les vaccins, les diagnostics et les traitements COVID-19 — mis en œuvre sous la direction de l’Organisation mondiale de la Santé — qui : 1. Garantit le partage mondial obligatoire de toutes les connaissances, données et technologies liées au COVID-19 avec un ensemble de licences COVID-19 librement accessibles à tous les pays. Les pays devraient être habilités et autorisés à utiliser pleinement les sur l’accord sur les ADPIC et la santé publique aùn de protéger l’accès aux médicaments pour tous. 2. Établit un plan mondial et équitable de fabrication et de distribution rapide — entièrement ùnancé par les pays riches — pour le vaccin et tous les produits et technologies COVID-19, qui garantit la transparence “au prix coûtant réel” et l’approvisionnement en fonction des besoins. Il est urgent d’agir pour renforcer massivement les capacités mondiales de fabrication de milliards de doses de vaccins et pour former et recruter les millions d’agents de santé rémunérés et protégés nécessaires pour les administrer. 3. Garantit que les vaccins, diagnostics, tests et traitements COVID-19 sont fournis gratuitement à tous, partout. L’accès doit être prioritairement réservé aux travailleurs de première ligne, aux personnes les plus vulnérables et aux pays pauvres les moins à même de sauver des vies. Ce faisant, personne ne peut être laissé pour compte. Une gouvernance démocratique et transparente doit être mise en place par l’OMS, avec la participation d’experts indépendants et de partenaires de la société civile, ce qui est essentiel pour garantir la redevabilité de cet accord. Ce faisant, nous reconnaissons également le besoin urgent de réformer et de renforcer les systèmes de santé publics dans le monde entier, en supprimant tous les obstacles aùn que les riches comme les pauvres puissent accéder aux soins de santé, aux technologies et aux médicaments dont ils ont besoin, gratuitement au moment où ils en ont besoin. Seul un vaccin pour tous — dont l’égalité et la solidarité sont la base — peut protéger toute l’humanité et permettre à nos sociétés de fonctionner à nouveau en toute sécurité. Un accord international audacieux ne peut pas attendre. Signé, Nana Addo Dankwa Akufo-Addo — President of the Republic of Ghana Imran Khan — Prime Minister of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan Cyril Ramaphosa — President of the Republic of South Africa and Macky Sall — President of the Republic of Senegal Karen Koning Abuzayd — Commissioner of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry for Syria, Under Secretary- General as UNRWA Commissioner-General (2005–2010) Maria Elena Agüero — Secretary General, World Leadership Alliance- Club de Madrid Esko Aho — Prime Minister of Finland (1991–1995)¹ Dr. Shamshad Akhtar — Former UN Under-Secretary-General and Executive Secretary of the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Paciùc Rashid Alimov — Secretary General, Shanghai Cooperation Organization (2016–2019), Minister of Foreign Aöairs of Tajikistan (1992–1994)² Amat Alsoswa — Former Yemen’s Minister for Human Rights, Former United Nations Assistant Secretary General, UNDP Assistant Administrator and Regional Director/ Arab States Bureau Philip Alston — John Norton Pomeroy Professor of Law, New York University School of Law and Former UN Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights Baroness Valerie Amos — United Nations Undersecretary General for Humanitarian Aöairs and Emergency Relief Coordinator (2010–2015) Rosalia Arteaga Serrano — President of Ecuador (1997)² Maria Eugenia Brizuela de Avila — Minister of Foreign Aöairs of Salvador (1999–2004) Shaukat Aziz — Prime Minister of Pakistan (2004–2007), former VP of the Citibank² Jan Peter Balkenende — Prime Minister of The Netherlands (2002– 2010)¹ Joyce Banda — President of the Republic of Malawi (2012–2014) and Champion for an AIDS- Free Generation¹ Nelson Barbosa — Professor, FGV and the University of Brasilia, and former Finance Minister of Brazil José Manuel Barroso — Prime Minister of Portugal (2002–2004), President of the European Commission (2004–2014)¹ Carol Bellamy — Former Executive Director, UNICEF (1995–2005) Valdis Birkavs — Prime Minister of Latvia (1993–1994)¹ Irina Bokova — Director-General of UNESCO (2009–2017) Gordon Brown — Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (2007–2010) Winnie Byanyima — Executive Director of UNAIDS and UN Under- Secretary General Kathy Calvin — Former Chief Executive Oõcer of the United Nations Foundation Kim Campbell — Prime Minister of Canada (1993)¹ Fernando Henrique Cardoso — President of Brazil (1995–2003)¹ Gina Casar — Executive Director of AMEXCID, Associate Administrator of UNDP (2014–2015) Hikmet Cetin — Minister of Foreign Aöairs of Turkey (1991–1994), former Speaker of the Parliament² Ha-Joon Chang — Director, Centre of Development Studies, University of Cambridge Judy Cheng-Hopkins — Former Assistant Secretary-General, Peacebuilding Support, United Nations Laura Chinchilla — President of Costa Rica (2010–2014)¹ Joaquim Chissano — President of the Republic of Mozambique (1986– 2005) and Champion for an AIDS- Free Generation¹ Helen Clark — Prime Minister of New Zealand (1999–2008), UNDP Administrator (2009–2017)¹² Emil Constantinescu — President of Romania (1996–2000)² Radhika Coomaraswamy — former UN Under Secretary General and The Special Representative on Children and Armed Conûict Ertharin Cousin — Executive Director of the United Nations World Food Programme (2012–2017) Paula A. Cox — Premier of Bermuda (2010–2012) Herman De Croo — Minister of State of Belgium; Honorary Speaker of the House² Olivier De Schutter — Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights Danny Dorling — Professor of Human Geography at Oxford University Ruth Dreifuss — President of Switzerland (1999) and Federal Councillor (1993–2002) Diane Elson — Emeritus Professor University of Essex, Member of UN Committee for Development Policy Maria Fernanda Espinosa — President of the United Nations General Assembly (2018–2019), Minister of Foreign Aöairs of Ecuador (2007– 2009, 2017–2018) and Member of the Political Advisory Panel of UHC2030 Moussa Faki — Chairperson of the African Union Commission Christiana Figueres — Executive Secretary of UNFCCC (2010–2016) Vigdís Finnbogadóttir — President of Iceland (1980–1996)¹ Louise Fréchette — UN Deputy Secretary-General (1998–2006) Sakiko Fukuda-Parr — Director of the Julien J. Studley Graduate Programs in International Aöairs and Professor of International Aöairs at The New School Patrick Gaspard — Former United States Ambassador
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