OBSERVATIONS ~sseltsw.-E.-s.-T THE CALL OF THE THE C.M. RUSS EL L MUSEUM MAGAZINE TheMuseum created a new hands-on family gallery as part of the SUMMER 2002 MOUNTAINS: Trails to the Future expansion campaign. Russell 's West Discovery MUSEUM BOARD OF DIRECTORS JAYNE McMANUS , PRESIDENT Gallery opened on December 15, 2001. This new Gallery is a very GENE THAY ER, VICE PRESIDENT Louis Hill and Glacier National Park different kind of place for the Museum-it is a special interactive gallery CAROL MUNGA S, SECRETARY TOM LUND, TREASURER designed for families to explore together through recreated CHARLES ABERNATHY MII\E PARKER BOB DOERK STEVE POTTS By Larry Len Peterson environments, role playing with Western props, an art activity area, a ELLIOTT DYBOAL ROBERT RASMUSSEN DANIEL EWEN MAR ILYN ROSE CD-ROM computer station, and a special printed Family Guide to take PAT THOMPSON FRANTZ TH ERESA W RYAN SUSAN R. HUMBLE DAVID B. SOLBERG home. JANIS M . JACKSON DIANE VOLK WAYNE LINN ELL WILLARD WEA VER The Russell's West Discovery Gallery introduces an area in the ELIZABETHA. McGREGOR MARK WIDSETH BARBARAMOE KITTY WRIGHT Museum where it's OKAY to TOUCH! It is a place where families and MUSEUM NATIONAL ADVISORY BOARD children can discover for themselves some of the most important HOBERT RASMUSSEN , Cl IA/RM.AN Fairfield, Iowa

influences for Charles M. Russell as an artist, writer, and cultural THERESA W. RYAN , VIC E CHAIRMAN historian of Montana and the West. We hope families will visit again and Hamilton, Montana CHRISTI NA HOOVER BLACKWELL, SECRETARY again to enjoy the variety of activities offered on a daily basis. Portland, Oregon ROBERT C Bl.ANZ The exhibit areas in Russell's West Discovery Gallery explore the Pecosl~ey, Michigan major themes and influences in Charles Marion Russell's work through C. W ILLIAM BRKiGS Shorewood, Minnesota recreated environments about early explorers and trading posts, PETER J. BRIX Northern Plains Indian life and culture, cowboy life, wildlife, Russell Milwaukie, Oregon F KELLYCLAY painting "puzzles, " a make-it-take-it activity area, reproductions of Worland, Wyoming W LEE COFFEY Russell sculptures for hands-on exploration, and a CD-ROM station with Ardmore, Oklahoma information about Russell and the West during the time Russell lived. WILLIAM COWAN Havre, Montana The Gallery interprets a window of time between 1850 w 1880-a J. MICHAEL DADY period of many transitions for the people and land of the West. There Minneapolis, Minnesota JAN B DAVIDSON are several murals of Russell's work connected to the exhibits that help Great Falls, Montana THOMAS DECKER facilitate discussion and learning about how the people, objects, and Sun Lakes, Arizona PHILIP C. DRESCHER activities portrayed are tied to things visitors can do themselves. Each Ventura, California of the exhibit areas has props and reproduction objects which visitors JANE HIBBARD Great Falls, Montana

can use in the activities. Descriptive label copy helps to facilitate family C.M. HUNTER and group programs and explains each of the activities. Fairfax, Virginia ROBERT E. LEE The Museum would like to thank all the people, businesses, Hayden Lake, Idaho THE HONORABLE JUDY MARTZ foundations, and organizations whose support helped make this Gallery Helena. Montana possible! Funding for interpretive materials and the Opening Weekend E .T. MEREDITH III Des Moines , Iowa Activities was provided by the James S. Fish Family Foundation. THOMAS PETRIE Additional support for the Gallery's development has been provided by Denver, Colorado WERNER H. QUASEBA RTH the Sally Ann and Henry J. Peres Jr. Fund of the Museum's Educational Nokesville, Virginia GINGER K. RENNER Endowment. Funding for the Cowboy Camp area was provided by the Paradise Valley, Arizona Harding Family, in memory of Joan Harding. JUDY SIEBEL Ross, California Creation of the CD-ROM for the Gallery was made possible through (from left) Charlie Russell. Austin Russell (Charlie's nephew), Skookum, Marie Sappington (Skookum·s mother) and Nancy Russell. circa 1913, ASHTON B.T. SMITH. JR. courtesy of Jim and Fran Combs, Great Falls the generous support provided by the James S Fish Family Foundation, West Chester, Pennsylvania DAVID B SOLBERG Ronald McDonald House Charities and Ronald McDonald House Billings , Montana PATRICIAH. STEELE Charities of Montana, U.S. West Foundation, and an anonymous Polson, Montana foundation donor. The publication of the Russell's West Discovery VICTOR STEIN For good reason , George Bird Grinnell is known as Long Lake, Min nesota The"Call of the Mountains" is a real call. For the father of Glacier National Park. Grinnell , Gallery Family Guide has been made possible by a grant from the GEORGE T. STEINER Plymouth , Minnesota centuries man has been drawn to Glacier Country. Joseph N. Blankenbaker Foundation. conservationist and editor of Forest and Stream, with JESSIE VAN NESS Without a doubt, this land of pristine mountains, And last , but certainly not least , we want to thank all the many Lake Forest, fllinois tireless effort fought for Park status that finally came to JAMES B. WALLACE alpine lakes, and cascading waterfalls is a national fruition in. Along the way, he and other authors like donors to the Trails to the Future campaign, whose support enabled the Denver, Colorado ~Russell"s West" is a semiannual publication or the CM. Russe ll Museum. 400 13th treasure. From the beginning, artists have expressed James Willard Schultz, William McC!intock, and Frank expansion of the Museum to the marvelous facility we have today! All Street Nonh. Great Falls. Montana 59401. (406) 727 -8787. www.cmrussell .org copyright 2U0L _ All rights reserved . Repro duc_ii_on_in whole or in part \:'l~hout wrilten its wonders in varied and effective ways. Some of Bird Linderman captured a passing way of life. Some of these contributors had the foresight to envision the C.M. Russell permission is strictly prohibited . No resp ons1b11ity1s assumed for unsohc 1ted material. All illustrations are from the C.M. Russell Museum's permanent collections America's most outstanding talents have answered the Museum as a major arts and cultural center-not only for Great Falls, un le5s otherwise noted Subscriptions to "Russ ell's West " are a benefil of member· were educated at the finest schools in the East while membership director for informat ion . Send $4.00 plus S 1.25 "Call" capturing in print , paint, photography , and three but for the whole state and nation. Our deepest thanks goes out to all of handling per copy to The Museum Shop to purchase indiv idual copies the only education others received was that provided dimensional art the beauty of the land, its animals and them! by growing up in Glacier country. Their rendering of C.M. Russell Museum native people. Charlie Russell spent every summer ,~-;-,. 400 13th Street North Indian life had a broad appeal across an America that •. · Great Falls, Montana 59401-1498 from 1906 to 1 926 at Bull Head Lodge on beautiful was nostalgic for the Old West. But books and =~ TEL 406-727-8787 FAX 406-727-2402 www.cmrusse ll.org Lake McDonald in the Park. magazine articles weren't enough. Some lectured The Call of the Mountains: Louis Hill and Glacier National Park Larry Len Peterson

throughout profits, the hoped that in out of it and America and Great Northern the long run, the confine ourselves abroad bringing to added the company would strictly to the thousands the beauty luxurious Empire realize a tidy profit. business of getting of Glacier and its Builder. It was obvious to Hill; people there. " native people. With initial just entice more and Despite his words , If George Bird Grinnell service in 1929, the more visitors. Aware of Glacier had already is the father of Glacier, then Empire Builder, was the need to increase public stolen his heart, and Louis Louis Hill is the godfather. His without doubt one of Louis recognition of Glacier, he was not about to abandon it. father, James J. Hill, was one of Hill's finest triumphs. It allowed began commissioning artists for Indeed, it was his father's initia l the richest and most powerful men in travel across the Northwest in a advertising campaigns. Although influence that prompted legislation America who through tireless effort style and elegance that no other rail many gifted individuals worked on finally securing National Park status for created the Great Northern Railway. Seeking his service was able to offer. When Louis Hill various projects, four men in particular became Glacier in 1910. As with the Canadian Pacific own legacy, Louis spent much of his time as President took over for his father, the Great Northern precedence forever linked with the Great Northern and Glacier Railway in Banff and the Northern Pacific in of the Great Northern building lodges, chalets and for excellence did not falter. However, Louis's real National Park. Painters John Fery and Winold Reiss, Yellowstone, the Great Northern maintained complete other infrastructure that represents man's presence in interest lay not with arrival and departure times, but and photographers Fred H.Kiser and Tamar Jacob control over Glacier. the Park as we know it today. Hill, somewhat of an with developing the infrastructure necessary to lure Hileman received the most recognition for their Hill was born the second of three sons to one of artist himself , recruited dozens of artists to create rail travelers and other tourists to Glacier National unique depictions of either the scenic splendor of the richest and most powerful families in Am erica. work to adorn the buildings and to publicize the Park. With rail lines in place, and passenger trains Glacier or the native Blackfeet who lived nearby. Educated at Exeter and Yale, he joined the Great attractions of Glacier. Hundreds of promotional comfortably transporting sightseers, it was up to him Unfortunately , many artists went uncredited for their Northern Railway in 1893, became its president in brochures, advertisements , and memorabilia were to make certain the Great Northern Railway played a work, but they left their mark on a large body of 1907, and served as chairman of the board from 1919 distributed throughout the country to attract tourists to substantial role in making the Park accessible by material published by the Great Northern Railway. to 1930. Hill created the Glacier Park Hotel Company the area. Early on, the preferred method of constructing the necessary roads and bridges , horse Perhaps to appease his father's concern over the to oversee expanding tourism , and as president of this transportation there was the Great Northern 's Oriental and hiking trails , chalets and lodges. These railroad's increasing involvement in Glacier National subsidiary, he began improving the roads, trails , and Express. As competition from auto travel squeezed improvements came with considerable cost, but it was Park, Louis Warren Hill once stated, "we wish to get bridges on the east side of the Park. Taking advantage The Call of the Mountains: Louis Hill and Glacier National Park Larry Len Peterson

eight luxury corner suites, all featuring steam heat and tourists increasingly traveled by automobile rather telephones. By the end of its first season, nearly half than by train, with traffic increasing from 881 vehicles of Glacier's 13,465 visitors used its accommodations. to 49,750 by 1929. Even Louis Hill and his family spent most Augusts After World War II, Louis Hill's Glacier dream there hiking, riding horses, fishing , and painting. Its started unraveling. The unprofitable chalets were sold, popularity proved so great that in 191 7 an 80-room forced to close, or simply torn down. Even though annex was added, making Many Glacier by far the Louis Hill never anticipated losses from the Glacier largest hotel in Montana. With the 1927 completion of Park operations, they were somewhat tolerable for the the Prince of Wales Hotel in Waterton Lakes National Great Northern because of the prestige from its Park, the Glacier Park Hotel Company could provide association with the National Park. In addition, the lodging for 2,061 overnight guests along the Parks' enormous body of art commissioned by Hill and eastern half. purchased by the Great Northern was a tangible asset. In order to have a greater presence within the When considering his legacy, this great collection of Park on the west side, Hill contemplated buying the art is often overlooked. Lewis Hotel on beautiful Lake McDonald. John Lewis, a Columbia Falls attorney purchased the property in 1914 , and it was a favorite tourist destination and watering hole for noted westerners including artist Charlie Russell, humorist Irvin S. Cobb, and writer Frank Bird Linderman. In 1930, the railroad negotiated the purchase of the hotel at a price close to $300,000; five times its original cost, later changing its name to Lake McDonald Hotel. Between 1910 and 1929 , the Great Northern ROUTE Railway spent $2.3 million developing the Park. With OF THE this large investment, Louis Hill naturally took an active role in Park promotion. Painters, photographers E and authors were provided free transportation and M lodging in the Park while they searched out material for proposed advertising. Some of America's top artists p produced paintings to adorn postcards, stamps, I playing cards, brochures, luggage stickers, books, coins, maps and guidebooks; virtually anything to R promote Glacier. The slogan, "See America First," E along with the symbol of the Park, a Rocky Mountain goat, became popularized throughout the nation. 8 Iceberg Lake. John Pery. 52" x 58." oil. courtesy of Bill Healey. Jackson. Wyoming Paintings and photographs were hung in every Great Northern Railway facility. With over $300,000 spent u of the spectacular scenery, Hill chose locations for Elderly Blackfeet marveled at the hotel's giant fir and annually on tourist promotion, advertisements I hotels stating, "The work is so important, I am loath to cedar columns and promptly named it Big Tree Lodge. continually appeared in magazines, and when an entrust the development to anybody but myself." Ten The hotel was billed as "one of the most novel and important event like the 1915 San Francisco Exhibition L hotels and chalets were planned in and around interesting institutions of its kind in the country." took place, the Great Northern was careful to ensure Glacier; including, Midvale, McDermott Lake (now The lodge was barely opened to guests before passengers were routed through Glacier National Park. D Swiftcurrent), Belton , Sun Point, Cut Bank Creek , enlargement became necessary. Between 1913 to Although some may dispute the numbers, one Park E Granite Park, St. Mary Lake, Gunsight Lake, Sperry 1914, an annex building, power plant, employee's historian calculated that in the early years the Great Glacier, and Two Medicine Lake. quarters, laundry, and expanded dining room were Northern "spent almost $1 O there for every one spent First to be completed was the Glacier Park Lodge constructed. The Lodge facilities were further by the government" and Louis Hill "did more than any in 1913 , with easy access to the new Glacier Park expanded in 1929 to include tennis courts, croquet other to put Glacier National Park on the map." Cover of Great Northern Railway dining menu with Many White Horses and Eagle Calf-Blackfeet Indians. Winold Reiss. circa 1930s. courtesy of railroad station. Located within the Blackfee t grounds, a putting green, and a nine-hole golf course Despite a dedication to the Park, Louis Hill and the the Big Sky Collection. Larry and LeAnne Peterson Reservation, the 155-room hotel became the starting at the cost of nearly $100,000. Great Northern never realized any profit from their point for Great Northern tour packages of the Park. Fifty miles north of Glacier Park Lodge, the operations. The Glacier Park Hotel Company showed The massive structure was modeled after the giant picturesque Many Glacier Hotel rose on the shore of losses every year from 191 4 to 1929. Further timbered Forestry Center constructed for the 1904- Lake McDermott at a cost of $500,000. Completed in complicating its position was the fact that while 1905 Lewis and Clark Exposition in Portland , Oregon 1915, the new hotel boasted 162 rooms, including visitation increased five-fold from 1914 to 1929, The Call of the Mountains: Louis Hill and GlacierNational Park Larry Len Peterson

ITION,IL PIIRK WAL·KING TOURS

Glacier national park Front cover of The Call of the Mountains: Lakes of rarest beauty fed by melt- with highland daisies, lure you onto The Artists of Glacier National Park ing glaciers, in witchery of reflection the trails that lead to haunts of the featuring Land of the Kootenai, 1908, h old towering mountains captive . angle,. America 's best is the scenic Meadows of Alpine vastness, radiant Wes t in Glacier National Park. Charles M. Russell, watercolor 14" x 20." To urs via motor , saddle-lKJr:se a.nd launch arranged by courtesy of the Big Sky Collection. Larry day , week and month . Modern hot e h, and Swiss c halets ol1er ev ery

Back cover of The Call of the Mountains: The Artists of Glacier National Park featuring Home of the Blackfeet, 1938, John Clarke · Edward Curtis , Joe De Yong · Maynard Dixon · John Fery · Norman Forsyth Maynard Dixon, oil 30" x 40." courtesy of Philip R. Goodwin · George Bird Grinnell· T,J. Hileman· Louis Warren Hill · Fred Kizer the National Cowboy and Western Heritage Frank Bird Linderman , Lone Wolf· Ted Marble · Walter McClintock · Roland Reed Museum Winold Reiss · Charles M. Russell · James Willard Schultz · Joseph H. Sharp Great Northern Railway Glacier National Park advertisement, 1921, Great Northern Railway brochure cover, 1915, courtesy of the Big Sky and many other noted authors, photographers, and painters courtesy of the Big Sky Collection, Larry and LeAnne Peterson Collection, Larry and LeAnne Peterson

Blackfeet Tales of Glacier National Park by James Willard Schultz, dust jacket, 1916, courtesy of Trails End Collection, Van Kirke and Larry Peterson grew up in Plentywood , Helen Nelson, Kalispell. Montana and is a frequent contributor Roland Reed photo of Glacier to "Russe[l's West" magazine. He is past Park Hotel, East Glacier. The Chairman of the National Advisory book was dedicated to Schultz's patron, Louis Hill. Board to the Russell Museum and has Schultz wrote, "Truefriend to made important art donations to the my Blackfeet , and the one Museum. His books, Charles M. Russell, who has done more than any Legacy (1999) and Philip R. Goodwin: other individual, or any America's Sporting and Wildlife organization , to make the Artist (2001) won the prestigiou s wonders of Glacier National BLACKFEETTALES Western Heritage Award for best art Park accessible to the books from National Cowboy and Western American people.,. OF Heritage Museum in Oklahoma City. • GIACIERNATIONAL PARK

JAMF,SWR,LAlffl SCHULTZ ~-,