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Lx1/Rtetcanjviuseum
lx1/rtetcanJViuseum PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST AT 79TH STREET, NEW YORK 24, N.Y. NUMBER 1707 FEBRUARY 1 9, 1955 Notes on the Birds of Northern Melanesia. 31 Passeres BY ERNST MAYR The present paper continues the revisions of birds from northern Melanesia and is devoted to the Order Passeres. The literature on the birds of this area is excessively scattered, and one of the functions of this review paper is to provide bibliographic references to recent litera- ture of the various species, in order to make it more readily available to new students. Another object of this paper, as of the previous install- ments of this series, is to indicate intraspecific trends of geographic varia- tion in the Bismarck Archipelago and the Solomon Islands and to state for each species from where it colonized northern Melanesia. Such in- formation is recorded in preparation of an eventual zoogeographic and evolutionary analysis of the bird fauna of the area. For those who are interested in specific islands, the following re- gional bibliography (covering only the more recent literature) may be of interest: BISMARCK ARCHIPELAGO Reichenow, 1899, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, vol. 1, pp. 1-106; Meyer, 1936, Die Vogel des Bismarckarchipel, Vunapope, New Britain, 55 pp. ADMIRALTY ISLANDS: Rothschild and Hartert, 1914, Novitates Zool., vol. 21, pp. 281-298; Ripley, 1947, Jour. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 37, pp. 98-102. ST. MATTHIAS: Hartert, 1924, Novitates Zool., vol. 31, pp. 261-278. RoOK ISLAND: Rothschild and Hartert, 1914, Novitates Zool., vol. 21, pp. 207- 218. -
Palms of the Bismarck
l99sl ESSIG:PALMS OF BISMARCKARCHIPELAGO Principes,39(3), I995, pp. 123-129 A Checklistand Analysisof the Palmsof the Bismarck Archipelago FneoenlcrB. Essrc Institutefor Systematic Botany, Department ofBiology, (Jniuersity ofsouth Florida, Tampa, FL 33620 This analysisof the palm flora of the Bismarck them. However,surprisingly few New Guineapalms Archipelago, although certainly incomplete, is have crossedthe small gap. The Solomon Islands intended both as a practical guide to the palms, begin officially with Bougainville, some 120 miles and as a small contribution to the phytogeography east of New Ireland, with only a few very small of the region. The Bismarck Archipelago is a sub- islandslying betweenthe two archipelagos.A num- stantial chain of islands off the north-east coast ber of palms have apparently migrated from the of New Guinea, and is part of the independent Solomonsto the Bismarck Archipelago. nation of Papua New Guinea. The chain itself is Most palm fruits in the western Pacific region "U," bent into I Iying on its side just south of are fleshy and rather heavy, and are presumably the equator. The two large islandsof New Britain dispersedonly short distancesby animals (Nypo and New Ireland form the bulk ofthe archipelago, and Cocosare obvious exceptions).Some genera but both sidesof the U-shapedchain extend west- with large fruits, such as Orania, are absentfrom ward in strings of small islands. The chain ter- the Bismarck Archipelago,although abundantand minates on the north side with Manus Island (the diverse on New Guinea and some of the islands Admiralty Islands), and on the south side with a to the southeast.Even genera with smaller fruits seiies of small volcanic islandslying closely along (e.9., Calamus, Gulubia, Gronophyllum, the north coast of New Guinea (Fig. -
International Law Limits on Investor Liability in Human Rights Litigation
\\server05\productn\H\HLI\50-2\HLI204.txt unknown Seq: 1 25-JUN-09 7:36 VOLUME 50, NUMBER 2, SUMMER 2009 International Law Limits on Investor Liability in Human Rights Litigation Michael D. Ramsey* This Article assesses efforts in U.S. courts, principally under the federal Alien Tort Statute, to hold foreign investors indirectly liable for human rights violations committed by the governments of countries in which they do business. Such claims, though intended as remedies for international law violations, create substantial tensions with international law in two respects. First, to the extent they purport to regulate the non-U.S. activities of non-U.S. entities, they may conflict with international law principles of prescriptive jurisdiction, which limit a nation’s ability to regulate the extraterritorial activities of non-nationals. Although an exception for universal jurisdiction allows nations to punish a few especially heinous interna- tional crimes without regard to territory or citizenship, it seems difficult to establish universal jurisdiction for most indirect investor liability claims, and in any event U.S. courts appear to have lost sight of this limitation. Second, investor liability suits may misconceive the source of customary international law principles. Because customary international law arises from the actual practices of nations followed out of a sense of legal obligation, its content cannot be derived from analogies to nations’ practices in areas that are factually and normatively distinct. The only reliable evidence of nations’ practices is what nations actually have done with respect to investor liability, and there is no consistent practice of imposing indirect liability on investors for host government abuses. -
Ceratobatrachidae: Cornufer) from New Britain Island, Constituting the First Record of the Subgenus Batrachylodes from Outside of the Solomon Archipelago
Zootaxa 4370 (1): 023–044 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2018 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4370.1.2 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:949E6268-A4B7-4528-859C-482E1F3652D9 A new miniature Melanesian Forest Frog (Ceratobatrachidae: Cornufer) from New Britain Island, constituting the first record of the subgenus Batrachylodes from outside of the Solomon Archipelago SCOTT L. TRAVERS1, STEPHEN J. RICHARDS2, TAYLOR S. BROADHEAD1,3 & RAFE M. BROWN1 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Dyche Hall, 1345 Jayhawk Blvd, Law- rence, KS 66045-7561, USA. E-mail: SLT: [email protected]; RMB: [email protected] 2Herpetology Department, South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, S.A. 5000, Australia. E-mail: [email protected] 3Current address: Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, 203 South Martin Jischke Dr, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1971, USA. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract We describe a new species of Cornufer, subgenus Batrachylodes, from high-elevation forests of New Britain Island in the Bismarck Archipelago of Eastern Melanesia. The new species, Cornufer exedrus sp. nov., is a biogeographically disjunct member of the Batrachylodes clade, representing the first record of the subgenus from outside of the Solomon Archipel- ago. The new species is a small terrestrial form from dense, closed-canopy forests above 1500 meters elevation in the Na- kanai Mountains of eastern New Britain. It differs from its closest relatives, the other members of the subgenus Batrachylodes, on the basis of its minute body size, degree of digital disc expansion, reduced subdigital tuberculation, color pattern, and other traits related to its small size. -
PNG: Building Resilience to Climate Change in Papua New Guinea
Environmental Assessment and Review Framework September 2015 PNG: Building Resilience to Climate Change in Papua New Guinea This environmental assessment and review framework is a document of the borrower/recipient. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Project information, including draft and final documents, will be made available for public review and comment as per ADB Public Communications Policy 2011. The environmental assessment and review framework will be uploaded to ADB website and will be disclosed locally. TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................... ii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................................................. ii 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................... 1 A. BACKGROUND ..................................................................................................................................... -
Bibliography of Geology and Geophysics of the Southwestern Pacific
UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMISSION FOR ASIA AND THE PACIFIC COMMITTEE FOR CO-ORDINATION OF JOINT PROSPECTING FOR MINERAL RESOURCES IN SOUTH PACIFIC OFFSHORE AREAS (CCOP/SOPAC) TECIThlJCAL BULLETIN No. 5 BIBLIOGRAPHY OF GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS OF THE SOUTHWESTERN PACIFIC Edited by CHRISTIAN JOUANNIC UNDP Marine Geologist, Technical Secretariat ofCCOPjSOPAC, Suva, Fiji and ROSE-MARIE THOMPSON NiZ. Oceanographic Institute. Wellington Ali communications relating to this and other publications of CCOP/SOPAC should he addressed to: Technical Secretariat of CCOP/SOPAC, cio Mineral Resources Department, Private Bag, Suva, Fiji. This publication should he referred to as u.N. ESCAP, CCOP/SOPAC Tech. Bull. 5 The designations employed and presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status ofany country or territory or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of the frontiers of any country or territory. Cataloguing in Publication BIBLIOGRAPHY of geology and geophysics of the southwestern Pacifie / edited by Christian Jouannic and Rose-Marie Thompson. - [2nd ed/]. - Suva: CCOP/SOPAC. 1983. (Technical bulletin / United Nations Economie and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacifie, Committee for Co-ordination of Joint Prospecting for Mineral Resources in South Pacifie Offshore Areas, ISSN 0378-6447 : 5) ISBN 0-477-06729-8 1. Jouannic, Christian II. Thompson, Rose Marie III. Series UDC 016:55 (93/96) The publication of this 2nd Edition of the Bibliography of the Geology and Geophysics of the Southwestern Pacifie has been funded by the Office de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique Outre-Mer (ORSTOM, 24 Rue Bayard, 75008 Paris, France) as a contri- bution by ORSTOM to the activities of CCOP/SOPAC. -
Ritter Island Volcano—Lateral Collapse and the Tsunami of 1888
August 6, 2003 18:4GeophysicalJournalInternational gji2016 Geophys. J. Int. (2003) 154, 891–902 Ritter Island Volcano—lateral collapse and the tsunami of 1888 Steven N. Ward1 and Simon Day2 1Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA. E-mail: [email protected] 2Benfield Hazard Research Centre, Department of Earth Sciences, University College, London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT. E-mail: [email protected] Accepted 2003 April 9. Received 2003 April 7; in original form 2002 September 8 SUMMARY In the early morning of 1888 March 13, roughly 5 km3 of Ritter Island Volcano fell violently into the sea northeast of New Guinea. This event, the largest lateral collapse of an island volcano to be recorded in historical time, flung devastating tsunami tens of metres high on to adjacent shores. Several hundred kilometres away, observers on New Guinea chronicled 3 min period waves up to 8 m high, that lasted for as long as 3 h. These accounts represent the best available first-hand information on tsunami generated by a major volcano lateral collapse. In this article, we simulate the Ritter Island landslide as constrained by a 1985 sonar survey of its debris field and compare predicted tsunami with historical observations. The best agreement occurs for landslides travelling at 40 m s−1, but velocities up to 80 m s−1 cannot be excluded. The Ritter Island debris dropped little more than 800 m vertically and moved slowly compared with landslides that descend into deeper water. Basal friction block models predict that slides with shorter falls should attain lower peak velocities and that 40+ ms−1 is perfectly compatible with the geometry and runout extent of the Ritter Island landslide. -
Multi-Year Satellite Observations of Sulfur Dioxide Gas Emissions and Lava Extrusion at Bagana Volcano, Papua New Guinea B.T
1 Multi-year satellite observations of sulfur dioxide gas emissions and lava extrusion at Bagana volcano, Papua New Guinea B.T. McCormick Kilbride 1;∗, K. Mulina 2, G. Wadge 3, R.W. Johnson 4, I. Itikarai 2, and M. Edmonds 1 1COMET, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. 2Rabaul Volcanological Observatory, Rabaul, Papua New Guinea. 3COMET, Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, UK. 4School of Asia and the Pacific, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia. Correspondence*: Brendan T. McCormick Kilbride, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EQ, UK [email protected] 2 ABSTRACT 3 Bagana, arguably the most active volcano in Papua New Guinea, has been in a state of 4 near-continuous eruption for over 150 years, with activity dominated by sluggish extrusion of 5 thick blocky lava flows. If current extrusion rates are representative, the entire edifice may have 6 been constructed in only 300-500 years. Bagana exhibits a remarkably high gas flux to the 7 atmosphere, with persistent sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions of several thousand tonnes per day. 8 This combination of apparent youth and high outgassing fluxes is considered unusual among 9 persistently active volcanoes worldwide. We have used satellite observations of SO2 emissions 10 and thermal infrared radiant flux to explore the coupling of lava extrusion and gas emission 11 at Bagana. The highest gas emissions (up to 10 kt/day) occur during co-extrusive intervals, 12 suggesting a degree of coupling between lava and gas, but gas emissions remain relatively high 13 (∼2500 t/d) during inter-eruptive pauses. -
1 Bibliography 1. Kaa, DJ Van De. the Demography of Papua and New
1 Bibliography 1. Kaa, D. J. van de. The Demography of Papua and New Guinea's Indigenous Population [Ph.D. Dissertation]. Canberra: Australian National University; 1971. xiii, 235 pp. Note: [general PNG]. 2. Kaa, D. J. van de. Estimates of Vital Rates and Future Growth. In: Kaa, D. J. van de; Stanhope, J. M.; Epstein, T. S.; Fry, N. H.; Beltz, C. L. People and Planning in Papua and New Guinea. Canberra and Boroko: Australian National University, New Guinea Research Unit; 1970: 1-23. (New Guinea Research Bulletins; v. 34). Note: [general PNG]. 3. Kaa, D. J. van de. The Future Growth of Papua New Guinea's Indigenous Population. In: Ward, Marion W., Editor. Population Growth and Socio-economic Change: Papers from the Second Demography Seminar, Port Moresby, 1970. Canberra and Boroko: Australian National University, New Guinea Research Unit; 1971: 16-30. (New Guinea Research Bulletins; v. 42). Note: [general PNG]. 4. Kaa, D. J. Van de. Medical Work and Changes in Infant Mortality in Western New Guinea. Papua and New Guinea Medical Journal. 1967; 10: 89-94. Note: [1959-1962: Schouten Is, Fak-Fak, Lower Waropen, Nimboran, Moejoe, Noemfoor]. 5. Kaa, D. J. van de. Opportunities for Research in Papua-New Guinea and Irian Barat: Demography. In: Reeves, Susan C.; Dudley, May. New Guinea Social Science Field Research and Publications 1962-67. Canberra and Port Moresby: Australian National University, New Guinea Research Unit; 1969: 202-203. (New Guinea Research Bulletins; v. 32). Note: [general PNG]. 6. Kaa, D. J. van de. Population Censuses in Papua New Guinea. South Pacific Bulletin. -
June2006.Pdf
The Newsletter of the Beaufighter and Boston Association of Queensland JUNE 2006 June 2006 1 The Whisperer they decided to take the risk of being killed themselves The School That Fell by keeping Fred with them until they could find of way From The Sky of helping him get back to his own people. The Nantabuans looked after Fred for six months, teaching him to speak Tok Pijin, hiding him in the village, sharing their food and clothes with him, and taking him with them everywhere they went, always ready to hide him when they met Japanese patrols. Then an Australian coast watcher group in the mountains picked Fred tip. He stayed with them for another three months, assisting their young radio operator, Corporal Matt Foley, until an American submarine, USS Gato, came to take Fred off with two Australian fliers. One was Bill Townsend, later to become Air Vice-Marshal. Fred Hargesheimer, now promoted to Captain, returned to the USA to work in the US Army headquarters. In 1946, Fred, now a Major, left the army to return to his prewar Photo Airman’s School New Britain job helping to develop FM radio, then moved on to work in radio and digital computing at Sperry Rand THE AIRMEN’S MEMORIAL SCHOOL at Corporation. He met and married Dorothy, his beloved Ewasse, on the north coast of West New Britain wife, and they had three children, Richard, Eric and Carol. Province, Papua New Guinea, is a gift to the children But Fred never forgot Nantabu. 1960, sixteen years of today and tomorrow in the Nakanai District in after he left on the Gato, Fred returned to Nantabu to recognition of the heroism and generosity of the see his saviours again and to repay his debt to them. -
Village-Based Marine Resource Use and Rural Livelihoods
October 2006 TNC Pacific Island Countries Report No 5/06 Village-Based Marine Resource Use and Rural Livelihoods Kimbe Bay, West New Britain, Papua New Guinea Prepared for The Nature Conservancy by: Gina Koczberski1, George N. Curry1, Joseph K. Warku2 and Christina Kwam2 1Curtin University of Technology 2The Nature Conservancy Report of a study conducted between 2005-2006 of village-based marine resource use, management and rural livelihoods in Kimbe Bay, West New Britain Province. The research was a collaborative project between The Nature Conservancy, Kimbe Bay and Curtin University of Technology and funded by The Nature Conservancy. This publication was made possible through support provided by the David and Lucile Packard Foundation and by the Office of Procurement, U.S. Agency for International Development, under the terms of Award No. LAG-A-00-99-00045-00. The opinions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Agency for International Development. David and Lucile Packard Foundation October 2006 TNC Pacific Island Countries Report No 5/06 Village-Based Marine Resource Use and Rural Livelihoods Kimbe Bay, West New Britain, Papua New Guinea Prepared for The Nature Conservancy by: Gina Koczberski1, George N. Curry1, Joseph K. Warku2 and Christina Kwam2 1Curtin University of Technology 2The Nature Conservancy Published by: The Nature Conservancy, Indo-Pacific Resource Centre Author Contact Details: Gina Koczberski: Department of Social Sciences Faculty of Media, Culture and Society, Curtin University of Technology GPO Box U1987 Perth, WA 6845 AUSTRALIA email: [email protected] George N. -
Papua New Guinea (1908-2008)
Adventist Women’s Ministries, the Centenary Celebrations of the Establishment of the SDA Church in Papua New Guinea (1908-2008). Photo courtesy of Barry Oliver. Papua New Guinea MILTON HOOK Milton Hook, Ed.D. (Andrews University, Berrien Springs, Michigan, the United States). Hook retired in 1997 as a minister in the Greater Sydney Conference, Australia. An Australian by birth Hook has served the Church as a teacher at the elementary, academy and college levels, a missionary in Papua New Guinea, and as a local church pastor. In retirement he is a conjoint senior lecturer at Avondale College of Higher Education. He has authoredFlames Over Battle Creek, Avondale: Experiment on the Dora, Desmond Ford: Reformist Theologian, Gospel Revivalist, the Seventh-day Adventist Heritage Series, and many magazine articles. He is married to Noeleen and has two sons and three grandchildren. Papua New Guinea is located between 0 and 10 degrees south of the equator, to the north of Australia. It occupies the eastern half of the island of New Guinea. Introduction In the nineteenth century German traders came searching for supplies of coconut oil along the northern shores of modern-day Papua New Guinea. Pockets of British traders established themselves on the southern coastline. In 1885 an Anglo-German Agreement was reached that divided the eastern half of the island along the mountain ridge that divided the north from the south. In 1902 the control of British New Guinea in the south was ceded to Australia. During World War I Australia captured German New Guinea. It was henceforth known as New Guinea.