The Australian Research Institute

Opportunities for the grape and wine sector

Marcel Essling

[email protected] The Research Institute Australian Carbon Credit Units The Australian Wine Research Institute

9 million ACCUs issued as of 24th October 2014 7 of 171 are agriculture projects and all of these are manure management 47K 467K Landfill Waste Management

Tree Planting/ 2,577K Forest Protection

Savanna Burning 6,056K

Piggery Manure Management Emissions sources The Australian Wine Research Institute

Vineyard

Petrol 3% Refrigeration HFC 1% Fuel Purchased 9% CO2 4% Waste 6%

Diesel 43% Electricity Electricity 52% 80%

Nitrogen 2% www.wfa.org.au/entwineaustralia/resources/carbon-calculator/ N2O in The Australian Wine Research Institute Measuring N2O emissions & soil C The Australian Wine Research Institute

Analyses:

CH4 Buried in the soil CO2 N2O Comparative crop N2O emissions

30

25 N/ha/yr)

- 20

O 2

15 (kg N (kg

10

5

O O Emission 2

0 Annual Annual N CFI opportunities The Australian Wine Research Institute

 Soil management

Tree planting

Soil management The Australian Wine Research Institute

Images: Luke Johnston Tree planting The Australian Wine Research Institute

Wrights Bay , Mount Benson Tree planting The Australian Wine Research Institute

 What is a forest? Can a woodlot or windbreak be a forest? . 0.2 hectare . 20% canopy cover . $5000/ha to establish . 100-300ha for viability. Rainfall dependent . 1 million investment  Can be aggregated across blocks or sites  100 year permanence  25 years permanence (at 20% discount)

ERF opportunities for grape The Australian Wine and wine Research Institute

Vineyard Winery

Petrol 3% Refrigeration HFC 1% Fuel Purchased 9% CO2 4% Waste 6%

Diesel 43% Electricity Electricity 52% 80%

Nitrogen 2% www.wfa.org.au/entwineaustralia/resources/carbon-calculator/ Energy efficiency The Australian Wine Research Institute

Opportunities typically can be found in all these areas:

Refrigeration, air conditioning and heat exchange systems Waste heat recovery Hot water generation and reticulation Compressed air systems Pumps and drives Pipe design Tank, cellar and office insulation Lighting Wastewater treatment Electrical load balancing to reduce peak demand

New ERF methodologies The Australian Wine Research Institute

Alternative waste treatment

Energy efficiency in commercial buildings and facilities

Fertiliser use in irrigated cotton

Industrial fuel and energy efficiency

Carbon sequestration in soil using modelled abatement estimates

Wastewater treatment Power use - Winery The Australian Wine Research Institute

3%

8% Refrigeration

9% Air Compressors

Filtration/separation 5%

Waste processing 10% Crushing/

65% Pumping

~50% of the refrigeration component is consumed by cold stabilisation Tartrate instability The Australian Wine Research Institute

“The deposit is harmless, but the customers reaction might not be”…….potassium hydrogen tartrate……

Bryce Rankine, 1989 Fuel use The Australian Wine Research Institute AWRI’s E&O role The Australian Wine Research Institute

 Inform grape & wine sector: . GHG emissions . ERF . Policy . Opportunities/participation  Support & advice  Tools & resources  GHG emission reduction strategies into farm management Acknowledgments The Australian Wine Research Institute

AWRI - Industry Development and Support AWRI - Eric Wilkes, Josh Hixson Taylors - Johnathon Lord

This project is supported by funding from the Australian Government Filling the Research Gap Action on the Ground Extension and Outreach programs. The Australian Wine Research Institute

http://www.awri.com.au/industry_support/new_climate/

[email protected]

This project is supported by funding from the Australian Government

@The_AWRI The AWRI