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v COls'TENT*. The Curse of Diplomacy. The South Kensington Foreign Correspondence : Record of the Week. The National Revenue.' Museum. . -Hanover. j Home and Colonial. Hard Words. The Wine Question . Miscellaneous Work s. I Foreign. Contemporary Portraits Serials, j Entertainments.
TO THE MILLTOK. I uav, Property, and Life As- Tho Active Sympathy of the Oeme-¦ j -Li . " ' SriiA NCK SOGIKTV , , _ I' nblie is most ciirn estly invited to the very iTes- National Freehold ¦'D STltANl). LONDON ". titute condition of the widow of a g-entleman formerly a The ( LIMITED ). ,; ESSK X. STltEKT , (" TKRY COMPAN Y : ' CAriTAt .—.£-250,OI)P. 'aiJtain in tli& Army, who siiic« the deceaseof her hus- the present 1 biind (now ' very seveiv This Company, with a view of reducing f DIUECTO HS. fire .ycaii ago) has siifMred under exorbitant cenii'etery charges , have , determined to fix Hie Knip h T. Ilrockinan , Ksu., Folkestone. privations . ' . : , of all , vizi l'Mmily She has 'tjvo surviving children to support , of the ages . prices so low as to meet the means j Edward AVm.Cox , Esq i ? 3C, I tussell square.¦ . Burial Plots of Land at the small sum of ;£:> 2s. fo r ei«lit j. George Frederick Fox; Esq.', Bristol. , ¦ ' • . of 12 and l;i yehrs. ' The eldest of tliem , ii gi rl , lias been places of interment. - ami ^£1 Is. for four places of ¦Inter- • E. E. P. Kelsej- , Esii., Salisbur y. for a long- , ti me nftlictc.il with a disease of the spine. ment. ' - Sinfflc interment 10.*. 6d- . J. -aiead , Esq .-, 2 r Kins*s' JJ«nch-w -a1k, Temple. . The humble
EASTERN OPEEA HOUSE. BENSON'S WATCHES TIIEATKES AND AMUSEMENTS. i PAVJI-UOy THEATRE, ¦SVm TE
CURSE OF DIPLOMACY. ating thing to find one statesman after another breaking down THE that trust and confidence which ought to attach to public men. AN DORA'S , box contained no evil equal to the secret T> which seems alike incapable Lord Jotru Russell is the more dangerous from his " re- t diplomacy of modern times, spectability "-—that most convenient cloak for a multitude of wisdom or truth. Mystery and mischief seems .to be in- who act tolerably well of sins. Having insulted Sardinia, lie goes on to threaten dissolubly united, and those statesmen France ; for, speaking of the approaching contest be- while the public gaze is upon them; offend seriously the mo- These facts are tween Italy and Austria, he says :—-" The onl y chance which ment their proceedings are cancelled. con- Sardinia could have iu such a contest, would be the hope of vincingly brought home to our minds by reading Lord John , dated the 31st bringing France into the field , and kindling a general war in Russeli/s despatch to bur minister at Turin Europe. But let not Count Cavour indulge in so pernicious August, 1860 ; and if the fortunate discovery of this docu- , does a delusion. The Great Powers of Europe are bent on main- ment, through the instrumentality of the Cologne Gazette tai ning peace ; and Great Britain has interests in the Adriatic not open the eyes of the people, they may, before the month is must watch with careful likely which Her Majesty's Government over, be committed to a course of conduct exceedingly attention." It would be well if England and France would to bring about a rupture with France. continue to insist upon the non-intervention principle being , h not nominally so, was The despatch in question althoug applied to Italy and to Hungary ; and thus leave the people really addressed to Count Ca.vouk, and is calculated to augment of those countries to settle their accounts with the House of his difficulties, and leave him no other resource than to pur- Hapsburg in their own way. If this were done, no general chase fresh aid at whatever sacrifice it can be bought. Lord war could arise out of the Italian question , nor could one John Russell begins by protesting against any bargain for occur without the sanction of England, if the French again ceding the Island of Sardinia to France, and appears not to gave the Italians aid. believe the assurances to the contrary given by Cavour. When the Sardinian Monarch speaks of an effort to liberate Since the date of this document we have had more denials , Venice bringing about a coalition against Italy, we demand from the Sardinian government ; but nobody believes them explanations from our Government as to whether any sr.ch because the pressure of the diplomatists—Lord John Russell condemnation or for Count Cavour criminal combination would meet with its included—has rendered it almost impossible support. It looks as if Lord- John Russell was. a party to to act or speak truthfully, and they are virtually handing Italy Austria at the hope in any other quarter. the design , and that lie will try to save over to France, by leaving her no expense of an intervention of the Kussian or German Powers We fully concur in the propriety of checking the aggressive if a fresh war of liberation should , but that can only be honour- in Italy and Hungary, tendencies of the French Empire occur. . ably and succesfully accomplished by removing the evils of lies in the fact that the takes advantage. If England had The gist of the whole difficulty which Louis Napoleon English people have no adequate control , over the ' conduct shown more sympath y for Italy at an earlier period, it is pro- no occasion to sacrifice Nice of their Government in Foreign affairs, and that the oligarchy bable that there would have been desire objects which•.. ' the people condemn. The Whigs are and Savoy; but, as Count Cavoub explained, when help was balance of power from France, and upon Imperial firm supporters of Austria as part of their needed it could only be had system, and to this diplomatic crotchet they -would sacrifice terms. Now, Lord John Russell insults and bullies the and Hungary, and him desert the cause of Venice. the happiness of the inhabitants of Italy King of Sardinia to make serious risk of plunging fc-ngkmd into a quarrel will cease to be < • il re galant uomo ". of the incur very If he does so, he with France. At Warsaw the despots will lay thoir heads Italians, and republican emissiaries will once more be rife. In effecting any more , di lomatists are quite right in together to prevent the French from London* Paris, and Vienna p in the old institutions and arrangements of Europe, imagining that the union of Naples with Sardinia, and the changes States of the Church, will be find it is to be feared they will have Loud John Kusskll's absorption of the extra mural and that England will be placed in the dangerous followed by an assault upon Venetia, and the declarations to support, will neither be and ridiculous position of guaranteeing what remains of the the contrary extorted from Victor Emmanuel " tlie despotic the course of events. To liberate Venice is system of 1 fell5. On one side will be ranged believed, nor alter b Great Britain, and on the other the a positive and primary duty, and no man deserves to be called Powers, backed y great object. If Nationalities, supported by France. By this niemis a just an Italian who consents to abandon that of unfortunately the prey of unprincipled around of quarrel will be placed in the hands Lo uis England had been with which, despite our Court and diplomatists, as Italy was in 1815. and had been handed over Napoleon, and one to France, would aristocracy, nine-tenths of the people of England will to Russia to make her a better counterpoise promoting French, agree not to struggle for the freedom of his sympathise. . A more insane way of any Englishman enabling the astute Emperor to carry out his country ? or if all England except Kent had been rescued from supremacy and criminal agree to desert the designs of rectifying boundaries could not be conceived. the oppressor, would anyone but a itious schemes ascribed cause of the county still in chains ? And yet this is, in spirit, If the Empire does cherish the amb , acting, not as ah English gentle- to it, what can be more foolish than to force it into the position, what Lord John Russell redressqr of European wrongs. men, but according to the baseness of Secret Diplomacy, is of the apparently chivalrous Emmanuel to agree to. If England would act with reasonable honour and judgment, trying to forpe Victor , which is one of the most Lord John Russell appeals to the treaty of Zurich, and the French occupation of Rome at liberty to set dangerous things for the future peace of Europe, would tells the Sardinian monarch that •• he is not on the rights c or to make a wanton aggression on appear what it is, a most indefensible aggression his obligations at defian e, Lord JoifcN Russejcl sanctions a neighbouring Sovereign." If English diplomacy had been of the Italian people ; but if would not movement of the despotic powers in, favour of Austria, the more hopest, jt is probable that Vjotor Emmanuel a beneficial Zurich treaty at all. The sud- French army of occupation may be made to appear have been forced to accept the assist Imperial bargain for the den pull-up of the . French was connected with fears that a to the Italians, and may would about a general coalition cession of more territory. _ . ...:, continuation of the war brin$ must seo that the ultimate tendency of against France ; and as EpgHsh statesmen. Whig as well as Lord J. llussEJ-i. to perish , there policy is to estrange England from France, and to treat Tory, were determined not to allow Austria hi* silly schemes of their dragging this country into the con- the happiness of nations as subservient to was a probability of b maintaining in ihe House of H /u-shurg flict, aud on the wrong side. balancing powers, y justi fied in appealing to a treaty, a despotism opposed to every principle whioh an iinglishmaa Lord John Russell is not infatuated as to beliuve in tho opposition to a moral obligation. It may be that the Sar- cherishes. Ho cannot bo so in of Fji-vncis Joseph 's liberal protestations—au oath, dinian Government has mada promises it did not mean to keep ; sincerity tho decided that engagements to commit more or less , is nothing to a professed perjurer, and but casuists have long in criwmulty t,o have crimes are not binding ; and no engagement could be more Austrian KuihOr iw too deeply stuepod criminal than that of sanctioning the slavery of the Veucimns, couiuiiuotious qualrnH. . , . , , his lordshi p should Uuv ol i|.;iircjhy should ponder dooply on thoir ijo.siuon, uiuj as Lord J. Russj icll desires. Moreover ' win*. It would not leuture Viotqu. Emmanuisl uppn the necessity ot good cenwiuer w hut it would be after an unpopular . the noueo-ut-any-prieo party nlono lluit would ili>uln .iu faith , until he has mud© up his n>ind to practice it himself. not l>o , and tUu , opposition to to fight for tho Ckak , the Uorumn rriiiuo*, Austria The despatch just discovered is in flugrant of ' WorLl i iu«n> i«» ..^¦l..uil the declarations he has n»ude in Pavliuiaent about the rights Poi'K-^-iho friendship Frunoc' is '• thura put together, and il' the r.iii|iir u . hu» iu* pf the Italians to manage thoir own affairs ; and it is a down- than all of ivmte upon such despatches black propwtiea and re>uinisowneoa, every «i;uij that right fraud upon the English people to write ury aud wholesale murder in Recreti, and openly pretend to be pursuing a widely different it can be found elsewhere, Perj , comments supported tuo J Umv** throno alter the disaster of 1848 andi much more liberal course, We make these , 1 852, 1mb personal hberty with, profound regret, for it is a moat melancholy and hu.miJi- nA at no time since December g44 The Saturday Analyst and Leader. [Oct. 6, I860
Been so curtailed in France as it was in Italy under. Austrian the control of taxation is in the hands of tax eaters, we can rule- Prussia,|too, has a dark story to tell ; her royal family have no improvement Avh ich goes down to first principles. figured badly enough -when the last reaction began, and a . Even moderate reforms, like those which Mr. Gla,dstostk the restoration Ion" list of sanguinary atrocities accompanied advocates, drew upon their proposer a ferocity of antagonism of the Court to power. that is quite surprising, and no statesman would venture to Our duty is to stand aloof from dynastic quarrels, and to undertake a sweeping alteration. It may not be possible to insist upon the abandonment of that system of mutual support make taxation pleasant, but we cannot maintain our Customs on which the despots have relied. - Let each government be and Excise against the steady opposition of the industrious called upon to leave the internal affairs of other States alone, classes, nor can the unsatisfactory Income Tax be looked and we shall soon find rulers cultivating the goodwill of their Tipon as other than a, provisional arrangement. subjects ; but if Austria is to be told she is an European^ If our rulers should got up a Avar Avith our nearest necessity, for whose security a new Holy Alliance is to be neighbours, tho. taxation question would soon come to an formed under the auspices of Lord Johx Russell, nothing issue, and the conflict betAveen old and new. principles could but disaster will ensue. For a liberal statesman to put him- not be delayed. Tlie chief cause.of misery and crime :iit this ask he self in such a position is absurd. Ho might as well t country is poverty; and if an equal division of all good Pope for a Cardinal's red hat. things were possible, it av.ouIcI not suffice for the satisfaction of. legitimate Avaiits. We need a great increase of wealth, THE NATIONAL REVENUE. 'without a proportional increase of population ; or, in other words, that oi 'tr wealth should grow faster than our people. who value their possessions HERE are some persons Taxation is one great cause Avhy this does not take place, and T according to their cost. They delight to tell you that hence cheap government is our foremost desideratum. their wine was purchased at a guinea u . bottle ; that their horses are twice as dear as other people's; and that all their movements are accompanied "by an outlay which proclaims HARD WO RDS. If this their dignity, if it does not minister to their comfort. Hard words have "been from the earliest ages the greatest and kind of feeling were xiniveisnl, Englishmen might -well be chief obstacle to the diffusion of useful knowledge. The proud of their Government which, from quarter to quarter, monks-of old who compiled histovy -and chronicled scientific discovery, proves itself the most expensive in the world. ' wrote in the Lathi tongue, that nobody but themselves might be able to read their books'- knowledge was not deemed a fit meat for According to a ' return just . published, the revenue . for the ' 1 ) . the stomach of the: prof ctnum rulc/i!*. It wsis something to be year ending 30th September, 1.800;, amounted to £70,80'. , 07 7, ; hoarded up and kept in dust and darkness, to be visited occasionally of which Customs' duties, those, obstructions to business, j jind gloated over like a miser's stove ; and the --monks who -Weft* its yielded nearly four and twenty millions. If we look to the sole depositories, look the most jealous care in guarding it fVom the last quarter, as compared with its predecessor, we find a wind of diffusion . The modern and more enlightened inheritors of decrease of £688,866 iri Customs, which we suppose may this hoarded Avealth, have, until very lately, pursued tlie same selfish be all accounted for by the reformation -which Mr. Gladstone policy. Some of them pursue it still, as a sou nd and necessary pre- " little learning." The has effected in our tariff ; and the Bxeise is £400,000 less. caution against the dangerous results ' pf a nature, of many¦ ..useful'" arts and sciences, simple enough in them- On the other hand, stamps yielded £11 6,000 more; taxes- selves', has been rendered abstruse, mysterious, and incomprehen - £20,000 more ; the property tax £407,000 more ; the sible to ordinary understandings, by the use, in relation to them, Post-office £30,000 more ; and those nests of fraud , the of far-fetched ¦technical terms , and " hard " unmeaning names. The Crown lands, £3,589 more. On the whole, financiers will science of thinking* logically has been cloaked under the formidable tell us we are in a healthy state. We" must, howeA'er, title of " Philosophy ;¦" morals haAre been dignified with the name of remember, that with the exception of some moderate advances " Ethics." The masses have been frightened from the study of the of principles of government by the pprtentious word " Politics," which on behalf of the China war, our seventy-one millions until very lately have always been represented as a science with , which taxation represents the cost of Government during peace, none but the rich and. the highly educated ought to meddle. The and that the foreign policy of the Cabinet precludes the hope most familiar laws of trade and commerce—laws which every man of any reduction, while it renders an increase highly can understand and appreciate iii their practical application—have probable. This amount of taxation can be borne, if our been set Up as scare -crows, in the guise of " Political economy ; " at and oven the nature of money has been so little discussed, that we trading classes will be contented with the obstacles that Pef.l's present environ them ; and if the difficulty of getting an are still Avithout a satisfactory solution of Sin Robert . honest living is always to be permitted to force or incite amous problem—" What is a pound ? " ¦ There is, perhaps, no more striking illustration ot ^he system large firms to the abuse of . credit., of which . the failures in the which has been so consistently pursued for the obstruction of iisef^ leather trade offer by no means solitary examples ; and al^o knowledge, than the practice, of the physician, Who, to this day, if the working class will remain contented with a very slow continues to write his prescriptions in Latin—Latin, too, of a most rate of social advancement. mysterious and dog-like character. But possibly, considering the Expenditure upon government is simply an. outlay for state of the healing* art, the physician is Avise in his generation ; for " JJfydrar /," by tlie other name of blue pill, might not be so much safety of person and property, and it is so much waste, respected'.. Trie, policy of tho modern physician, however, is exactly except so far as it proves the only or the cheapest method that of the monk of the dark agos. Ho does not consider it sure pf obtaining that security . Looked at in this way and that the vulgar herd, should pry into the secrets of his art. # It remembering that the total taxation of England is something would bo subversive of his order, and of his reputation for cunning, enormous, seventy-one millions is a prodigious sum for the if his patients knew that the hioroglyphics on tho scrap of paper central power to expend during a time of peace, especial ly which they take to tho chymists to bo made u]>, simply means directl and " black draught." We are not going- to denounce tho physician for when more than half of it is obtained by y . keeping Tip this mystification ; for wo know there are people who indirectly obstructing the industry of the people. loill have physic, and the almanacs of Zadkikiv and Francis The tendency of civilisation is to equalise conditions ; and Mooris, physician, aro existing testimonies to the popular respoct it is impossible to suppose that the massed whose labour is so for hioroglyphical expression. Wo have heard of a very effective Adol hi heavily weighted in this country, will permanently consent to medicine being made up from an order to tho boxes of the p 1 remain in it can be reduced. Wages in Theatre, in tho handwriting of tho late Mr. Yatrh, notwithstanding ,unless their burdens " the Colonies arc much higher than in this country, and that the important ingredient " not admitted after seven o'clock, Avas omitted from tho . mixture taxation is much. less. The same things may be predicated Happily, hoAvevor, except in tho last-montionod scionco, tho of the United States ; and it may bo doubted whether the clouds oi mystification aro rapidly being cleared oil", and ordinary working men will toil under English conditions, after they folks aro beginning1 to understand that tho thing which has, beqn «<> have been sufficientl y well-educated, to see nil tho chances „ long callocl by a fine hard name, is simply a spado. Wo have sig-nal before them. ovidonco of this gratifying fact in tho groat gathering of tho work- Our immense accumulation of capital enables us to pro- ing classes at Glasgow. Tho workmen of Glasgow showed, on tliin gress under a load of taxation that no other people could ocoasiipn , that they Averp not only capable of listening to and appre- ciating1 tho addresses of tho loar'nod men who tpok a leading part in bear ; but there is a close connection between high taxation, tho congross ; but that they woro competent to join in thei disnus- together with immense State expenditure, and very painful fiion. Humble avtjssanjs wore thore sopn taking their turn with such inequalities in the distribution of wealth. The money wo mfin as Lord lJRoVaTiAM,'' Sir Join* Kayr 'SHinerr,!*:worth . Dr. spend in national education is tho only part of onr outlay Lancaster, and M. Garnihr I^oisb, in dobntinp? and elucidating that has an opposite tendency — all the rest tends to make questions which hnvo hitherto boon regarded . as tho property only greater the gulf whioh severs rich from poor. It is possible of tho exalted and tho loarnod. And tho working men who spoke on tho occasion, distinguished themselves by a praotical turn that as large, or oven a larger amount of taxation may be , and this must be of thought Avhich contrasts lUvourably with tho more abstruse permanently borne by the people ; but upon abstract oho. rooter of tho disquisitions of tho moro loarnod speakers. two conditions-—prio, that it ahull bo morfc equitably I'nised ; Sir John J[Cavi3 Sjiu'r'ri-jiiwottTTi was very loo-rood upon tho eorro* and tho other, that it shall bo more usefully spent, While lotion of moral tvml physical forces \ Mr, JCjniujr' p was equally ' ' ' ¦ ' ' ; ' ¦ ¦ ' ¦ ' ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ? • ¦ . . • .
Oct. 6, 1860J The Saturday Analyst and Leader. 845
diffuse and oracular on the questions of education and punishment ; What we Avant is unity—uniformity of plan—-completeness of ensemble and totality, and above all things responsibility. It must and Lord BitoTJG ham, like a roving bee, flit ted from topic to topic 1 with delightful inconstancy ; but the roost practical and useful be remembered that we are not. in these . remarks, discussing directly or indirectly, the specific internal administration of the British address of the whole sitting- Was that delivered .by a Glasgow. y/ork- ' man, Mr. Fawcett. who is described as '"' a young man, and blind .'' . Museum and National Gallery. It is the question of general The subject of Mr. Fa vtcett's address w;is the co-operative piij i- administration we are now upon—the question of giving- unity of eiple, to which we referred in a recent article. -We are glad to *<:<; plan to the entire art department. It is in short the " Art-consoli- that his views received the connuendation of Lord BKOi. G ir.4M ; and dation question" that we desire to place before the public in its proper light. We do . not therefore wish- to be understood as criti- we also derive some satisfaction from the fact that M. Louis 1' Br-ANc was present to-hear from, the lips of an English workman cising the internal arrangements of the British Museum and National Gallery, simply because it would be as much out of place as if we how alone the principles of communism can be carried into suc- , cessful practice. We trust that this display of intelligence among' were to discuss the merits of a particular statute in an article treating of the general question of " digests and codifications." so large a body of the working' classes will read our .v«/.vr».v and t, fine spoken social regenerators, a lesson. The days lmvc conic Indeed' the " observations" above cited , nay a complimen to the 1 National Gallerv, by indicating it as tlie direct antithesis of the when ¦the hocus-pocus of philosophical teaching must be laid aside. The gibberish of high-sounding1 words and unmeaning1 South Kensington Museum, which it is their whole dri f t and purport • . ype and symbol of mismanagement 111 art phrases' must be consigned to the limbo of unexploded shams. The to prove, is the verv t* savcrn must no longer go about dressed up in magician 's gown administration. On this subject the " observations" proceed thus :— Thisdepartment, therefore (the South Kensington Museum), came and cap ; for we know nearly all his tricks, and are well aware " ;' but it that they are uot performed "by magic. into possession of the iron building-with its ' contingencies A-.as opened to the public according to South Kensington Museum rules, which are framed in direct opposition to the resolution of the THE SOUTH KENSINGTON MUSE LWi. Trustees of the National Gallery. ' That arrangements for the easy and under all circumstances William Co.vixgha m , M.I*., has published some Obser- and free access of the public at all times ME. '" to the pictures of the National Gallery —are absolu tely essential. • vations in reply to tlic report of the Select Committee on acquisition and exhibition m - The subject of his strictures, Then with regard to the objects of the South Kensington Museum." matters of art. The . .most competent authorities are for confining which assume the form of a searching criticism of this institution, classes or geiiera, the best of - great public importance, these to model works only, or types of in all its phases and details. it? one of very their kind.. Thus the 'best school* of art in all its multiform both as regards the general principle involved, and a.s regards the their representat ive master- practical art-administration. We subjoin the following dcvelopements, would be exemplified by question of pieces To sum up these brief suggestions we want unity, respon- extracts :—'" The . history of tlie Broin ptqii boilers , the. annual cost of the principle of " art- monstrous,'is briefl y told. sibility, and a judici ous application of which in coal alone is admitted to be ' selection." Ricbx tells us that man can only know an
Scholars must be perfectly aware, that both anterior and subse- Now, we imagine, that a miraculous power of transmuting water quent to the Christian era, various popular bodies of abstainers into such wino would not be at all objected to by Mr, F. Wright, existed. Voltaire long- since noticed the fact in his "Spirit of the and this may lead the Doan to, consider that tho pinch of the Nations." Neander, in his " Church History," observes .that argument is not about wine in the abstract, but about the tire of the wine ac ually made at (-ana. The " there -were different hinds of abstinent sects " _(ii. p. 129). Pro- alcoholic nat' t question fessor Jowett, in his recent comment ! on the Epistles of St. Paul, of quantity must g ive way to the prior one of quality. Here lays #reat stress upon the prevalence of abstinence " in the cen- Augustine, Neander, and Dean Trench, are all against Dean turies immediately preceding the Christian era." He admits that Woodward. . the same tradition which handed us the Gospels, " delighted to at- The fourth page is dovoted to the Bacramontal elements of tribute a similar abstinence to James, the brother of our Lord ; and bread and wine ; concerning- which, as it appears to us, the tee- to Matthew and Peter." The New Testament shows that Timo- totalers are somewhat too scrupulous. Why, in that symbolic theus, the Bishop of Corinth, was one of the Encratites—a water and comtnernorative institution, should we stop to consider the drinker. Jowett adds : —" The apostolic canons admit an ascetic qual ity of the material elements ? So far from despising the abstinence, but denounce those who abstain from any sense of the command regarding " tho fruit of the vine," the abstainers have impurity of matter. Jewish, as well as Alexandrian and Oriental taken pains to establish a. special manufactory of pure, unfer- influences, combined to maintain the practice in the first centuries. mented wine, in this respect imitating some sections of ' tho Long- after it had ceased to be a Jewish scruple, it remained as a Jewish community. The Dean seems to know nothing of all this ; ¦ ¦ of inexorable logic breaks asunder a counsel of perfection " (»• P- 323) . .. • , , and hence his chain " " t The English Dean of Carlisle, Dr. Close, having- some time back every link. Let us, however, be just in our criticism. If wu published an " Apology for Abstinence," assigning the reasons why think the abstainer somewhat superstitious in his scrupulosity, e social grounds, we deem it equall heihad taken the pledge, the Irish Dean, Mr. Woodvyard* has taken unless he acts on moral and y the field in defence of the moderate bottle. We have carefully inconsistent with true and high views of the ordinance, to stickle considered the eight pages of plausible reasoning which the reverend for Port or Tent, and object to pure g-rape wine ; and it rises to Dean of Down has issued against the Teetotalers ; and, looking at a point of absurdity when Ave perceive men insisting on fermented them as simple specimens of criticism and logic, we are bound to wine because He is supposed to have drank it, while they despise confess that we cannot conscientiously drink port arid sherry upon the ««fermented bread which they know ho consumed. the strength of them* Let us at least be honest ; and if we will The fifth page is devoted to the apostolic teaching, and is pre- drink, let us not drink on fallacious pretences. ceded by the start ling assertion that " it is obvious drunkenness The first page of tlie eight begins with the proposition that was just as prevalent then as now, if not more so." We do not Christ's example was a perfect model for our own, and ends with pretend to be so versed in. scripture as the reverend Dean, whose promising to decide, by the " inexorable logic of a demonstration," business it is to peruse and expound it, but, certainly this states whether the example of Jesus inculcates, or is directly opposed to, ment sounds very novel, and seems very apocryphal. The gos- the principle of abstinence ! Now this loose statement might pels, so far as we reeolleot, rarely refer to this vice. Ardent have passed well enoug-h , without exciting- surprise, from the lips of spirits were then unknown. Christ never appears to have rebuked Mr. Spurgeon or Dr.'Cunnning"—but from the editor of Professor a drunkard. At the day of Pentecost, an absurd charge implying Butler's works, we hardly could expect it. Surely, the learned that Peter and his brethren were excited with drink, is at once Dean will not affirm that Christ's " example" of not marrying is silenced by pointing to the fact that it was only the forenoon. _ " opposed" either to the pri nciple, or to the practice, of marriage ? Paul, years after, declares that he and the Christians are sons off To start with, then, we have here a false and illogical collation of the day, and that they who arc drunken, are drunken in. the nif ib. . terms. Christ's practice can be no example to us hi many things. That the people there and then were as drunken as the people The Dean's Master flogged the traders out of the Temple with a hero and now, when every thirtieth habitation is cither beer-Itousr , whip of small cords, but is that, therefore, any part of the discipline ¦wine-vaidt , or dram-shop, is a statement demand ing- stronger of the Irish Church ? Heasou, founding itself upon circumstances proof than tKe learned Dean has yet advanced. which are ever varying-, can alone determine in what cases Christ's We do not comprehend what purpose is served by the citation example should be our model. Mr. Jowett has wisely said of of such texts as the following : "Be not drtink with wino, several instances of precept and example—" these are sufficient to wherein is e.rw.v.v." ( Ep.h. v. 18.) " Han not with them to the teach us how moderate we should be in reasoning from particular same excess of riot." (2 Pet. iv.) Is it that il excess " only precepts, even where they agree with our preconceived opinions. being here, condemned, something short of excess is right ? But The truth seems to be, that the Scripture lays down izo rule app lic- this is not according- to the usage of language, for even teetotalers cable to individual casds , or separable from the circumstances will speak against drunkenness, without the slightest idea of under tohich it is given " p. 314. The staple to which the Dean sanctioning tho use short of inebriety. Peter, in the abovo text, has fastened his chain is loose : let us now test its successive could not mean to imply that a little riot was good. If tho links. Apostles, then, condemn drunkenness in ever so many texts, it dous The second page alleges that our Lord's statement of the difference not follow that they do not, in other places, also coudemn the ohn was it is tho cause of between John and Himself turns on this preci se point. " J ¦ drink, like the Severians of old , " because strictly—(if I must use that barbarous Americanism) —a Teetotale> : "*' drurikeness. ' . , Some of the books before us throw groat doubt upon this allegation : " Inexorable logic " cannot bo inadu out of negations : yet nay, Dr. Lees, in his volume, repudiates the comparison entirely. another negative argument of the Dean's is tliu following : " Xhi1 It 1ms already been shown that there, were different kinds ' of contrasted fruit of the Spirit is not Abstinence, but Temperance." abstainers in ancient times—some with good, some with partly g'ood (Gal. v. 23.) What would the Dean think if we were to argue and partly bad , reasons ; some enlightened and moderate, others that Virtue, not "Chastity," was tho fruit of the Spirit contrasted extreme abstainers. For anything" in the premises, therefore, Christ with Vice / Would ho not reply that the larger term included , might have been one sort of abstainer, John another. Indeed, it is not excluded, the smaller ? Wo turn to our (J rcok lexicon and absolutely certain that the contrast had its limits practically ; and find that " continence " and " abstin once " arc, at least, two of even if we did not, by the very form of the words, come to such a tho senses or applications of tho word in the Now Testament. Ho conclusion, wo should still be compelled to concede, that a general Paul evidently meant that Felix should " abstain " totally from contrast does not warrant an zmivefscd inference of opposition. his connexion with one of his two wives ; and abstinence from The record can never be abused to thojustification of such a sequence wine was the the roffimen of thoso who ran in the Olympic games, as this, " that Christ used all sorts of bread and drink, from to whioh Paul alludes in tho soooud text. (i Contain not " is tho which John abstained." The Teetotaler niay logically retort upon sonso of a third passage. But what utterly destroys the inference tho Dean, that since John came, Gating- no bread at all, drinking no of the Doan is tho faot already stated, that tho ancient abstainer * wine at all, while they take (if not all sorts of bread and wine), at wero called JEn craiitcs, from tho vory word for " toniporaneo " least some sorts—he was both more and loss than a Teetotaler ; used by St. Paul. To bo " tomperato,' thoro.foro, so far from ex- while Christ, who took the ordinary good broad, and tho^ordinary cluding, voiy often included , abstinence, good wine, was precisely like themselves. The Doan appears to Mr. Woodward is surely departing widely from tho toaohmg ol have fallen into the same fallacy as St. Axigustino, who reproached the Churoh, when ho quotes tho text, " looking unto Jesus, tho tho Teetotalers in the ancient Church with decrying wino, while author and finishor of our Fa ith,11 as if it oould possibly mean they sucked the juico of grapes. " Qua) tanta pervorsio est, vinum that wo wore not to attontf. to deads and duties, as tho conditions putare Fel prineipis tenobmrurn, ot uviw comodondis non paraoro," and disoiplino of a holy lifo. Paul's advioo oommonds itsolf to us (Do Morib.Manichcaov. lib. ii. s. 41). Nevertheless, the Teetotaler as bettor than tho Dean's. " Put yo on tho Lord Josus Clmtt t , wore right in their distinction , as wo know in this ag*o of scientific and make vot'provision j\>r the Jlesh (ois opithymiiw) which tends umilysia—and tho Saint was wrong1 boyond all doubt. Christ, it 11 Apostolio ooho of the ' provorbuil to lust. This anuoars but tho 11 may ho alleged, like tho modern Teetotalers, clLsoriininated tho warning of tlio oldor book, " Look not upon tho wiuo, lest tniu wino-of-tho-grape from tho wino which is a mockor—sanctioned tho oyos look upon Btrango women." . , via media botwoon tho dualistic-dogma and tho scientific truth— Tho boldoBt of the Doan's affirmations against tho abstainors in distinguished botwoou tho " refreshing-juice " and " tho trioksy- this :— "In tlxo opistlos whoro drunkonuosH in mentionod, not hi spirit of alcohol. Wo should like to soo how the Dean could quo sinqlo insta nce is total abstinenoo roooinmondod, or suggostod, moot that position. as its remedy." If this le bo, tho Toototalors aro Boripturally The- third- page is dovo'tod to tho making of wino out of water weak, aud tho Doan is iuviaoiblo ; for wo agroo with him that tho at tho marriage foast. ' Wo porooivo a rospootablo Konaingtou «i> 1 " oxpodioupy '' argument in shaky. VVu aro not, lipwuvor , ohomint ' perpetually advertising , undur tho guarantee of tho auro that tho Dean's assertion is quite eorrout. Though wo hnvo tomporauoo loaders, u Sacramental Wine , at 86a. nor dozen , for forgottoij, nauoli of our oollogo loro, wo huvo still sonio roots ai il tho use of ohurohua, instead of poisoned Port or adulterated Tent. loft, and can thumb our Now Testament, and spell out our 1 lu- taroh or iToHopliuH at a pinoh . Tn spito of our rovoronoo lor tno * Icbo«m >h , Iiy tlio wny, that. TiiC 'tofal In fin ulit ICiikIIhIi mid Irl« »I) word , uhoiI thirty and, yonrH mo, l>otli by Mr. i>» (iuliwvy ftml Mr. Hiuilm ; untl , iu nootlj , wo do not boo tbm Dean, doubtu will arise that all is not right. If tho apostles It Id ono wlilt moro imrli iirpin, or loss ouphQ iiloiiMb tluui tlio ol«8«l?« rtoslgniUi on ©f evangelists — Paul, Petor, and Mattliow, to wit — wore leo- Aro«i >halltcf ((jo-drlnkors) iidoiitort i>y tlio nbetnlniiiB atu i ontq of Ucllnljiiryli. U \» dogtnnu iu I'uvtnliily vtr .v »imln}{ijii H l-> Ilio Lnlln (On< their literary remains ; which we are nut sure that wu do not. CONTEMPORARY PORTRAITS.* -wrong, how shall- we account for If on the contrarj', tradition is BOOKfc} associated with personalities, must necessarily be at- the wide pr evalence of teetotal doctrine amongst the early Chris- tractive ; and our chance associations* ¦ the apostolic age ? .Such doctrines.- and .with individuals fre - tians immediately after quently ' bring1 tlie whole personality out in a'manner scarcely to be practices must have had some root and authority.. described, but which must have been frequentl . On glancing at the y felt. The book- ^.Oar doubts are critical as. well as historical before us consists of both these relations. The writer (a lady) New Testament, and even at the original of one of the te.\.ts cited records the impressions ' most distinct and which she has received from accidental ac- by the Dean himself (1 Peter iv. 7), wo find the | quaintance Avith celebrated characters. There are two dozen of emphatic . " suggestion " and " recommendation " of Teetotalisni. I these, according1 to the table of contents, but many more are inci- So far as /cards and .pttnexcs ?:o, nothing can be plainer. " Be ye ¦ dentally drawn in under each specific heading1. Our authoress therefore sober (in mind), and (in body) abstinent { n-c-p-ta-t<•) unto j claims credit for her fidelity to the truth of fact in her sketches. aliirm that .St. Peter at all means It . prayer." Now, mark * avo do not ; is impossible, .however, but in such notices as these errors must what he says ; our argument at present against tho Dean .is, that ' I abound. Indeed, we detected several on a mere cursory glance. the Apostle certainly sags Avhat the Teetotaler means—" drink i . Thus, for instance, she states the late Rev. Edward Irving* to have not." Paul, in a/parallel passage ('2 The.s. v. 0), uses , the pi oper I been an extempore ¦ preacher. The statement is most explicit. word fbr nvr/r/f - in tl\e sense of sober-in-mind, and, like Peter, ! '"• He preached quite¦ extempore, without any notes ; and consider- adds—" drink not. Let us trtttr/i and abstain ; let us, who are ing this— the variety of his language, embellished as it Was by the (sons) of the day, drink not (nephumen) ; " . and this' was in direct ' choicest and most prodigal imagery, Avas as extraordinary as the connection with drinking-. " Those that are drunken tire drunken rushing- continuous torrent of Avords Avhich noAved from his lips." by night " (2 Peter y. 8), is, if possible, .still more explicit. Xoav at the time referred to, Mr. Irving wrote his sermons out at Turning to all our Lexicons—from old .Schrevclius to liretseh- full , inserted them between the pages of his large Bible, read them neider, and from Donnegan to Scott and Liddell—--\\-e iind the word with studied and elocutionary action, and afterwards published them Neepho defi ned as " yiuo-abstineo,"—-to abstain from Aviuc. Plu- i in successive volumes, Avhich appeared soon after their delivery. tarch, and Porphyry, explain it as ' ' Avinele.v; : " uiitlJosepbus, who Enthusiastic persons - subsequently recommended him to extem- wrote the same kind of Greek, and at the same time as the porize, as tlie only Avay to be really efficient • and, Aylieix the gift of Apostles, actually uses the identical word of Paul (neephomeii), to tongues' delusion took place, Mr. Irving- g-ave up the practice of express the abstinont-r. of the Priests in the Temple-service. The j writing-, and trusted to the inspiration of the inoinent. Our word, as everj' tyro may. see, is a compound of nc " hot/' iind /j t/io i authoress, also, heard him under these altered circumstances ; and . - "to drink." We have seen it sooie-wher.'v alleged that in the ¦then murk , the difference in her tone. The scene is in NeAvman- Apostles' days this meaning had become obsolete;.; but an induc- strcet :— tion of usage shows that such was not the ease. AYJiat augments '• Irving preached, but not as iii the olden time. There was ;i the absurdity of the supposition that the original and proper mean- vagueness and Avant of coherence in his sermon—a rambling- co'nfu - ing of the Avord—so conspicuous, on the face of it—had bc'romo ; sion and discursiveness, quite different . from '' his' original style. rare, or obsolete, in the age. of the A postle, is the fact that from . Even the- wonderful force and vig-our existed no long-er. At intervals the times of Pythagoras aiid Epicurus, to that of the 'Esseues or I . th.ey would ilasli out, but atno sustained length. He was like some ¦ j> raclit?e and op inion expressed by the Avoi d had the¦ Therapeuta?, tlie j; grand ruin : and if the mind had become ¦ shattered in coiiflirt become more pervading, and more closely associated with cozicep- \ lie had passed through, the bodily fr ame• showed alike the dev'as- 'ions of moral purity and reli ious dut y. The a rg-unieiif, there- , 1;i fc g ¦ ¦ ting-. t nice of its ravag-os." . . fore , amounts to this—that us. the. fact became moru detiniU- and , . The siiuplu fact is. 'th at Mr. Irving- never became . a yroo.il extempev.- distinct to the mind, the p. hrase yrow inure lav and A'agaie in its . i preacher or speaker. His ¦pliitforj.n exhibitions Avc-re always failures. signification. ; Our ludv contemporary had mistaken , on earlier occasions, a theatri- On the .seventh pagu the -Dean endeavours to rescue from the > cal delivery for extempore power, and not noticed the manuscript, Teetotalers, Paul's hypothetical doclaratioii of his willingnefis to . : papers, Heating- between the leaves of the book . These being" loose give Up flesh, or Avine., or any thing1 whereby his brother stuinbleth | we have known more thaia once to have been displaced by an acci- "(Rom. xiv. 21). The letter of the argument is not worth follow- ! dental puff of wind. To secure them, ]\li\ Irving- was accustomed ing ; but the motive is vital. As Professor Jovrett says, Paul's to keep them down Avith the forefinger of his rig-lit hand. This, method of dealing Avith 'Jewish scruples " may be described as habifc necessitated the characteristic action of the left arm , which ; ' absorbing< (.he letter- hi i he .spirit." The Dean's, as it-seems¦ to u*, ]\lr. Canning- regarded as a j^raee, and imitated soon after in his c.ms.ists in- eliminating the spirit, nu d making , thy' letter useless, I great spuei/i , in Avhich he said that he '• had called hi the New by transferring it to the inapplicable cireumstaneos of the past. j World to ri g'ht the balance of the Old." Indeed , actors and orators Finally, on the tenth page, the Doau asserts that, abstinence is will h'n.l it of immense advantage to cultivate the use ami action of a Mohammedan device, while he searches the 2few Testament " in the left .arm. A'ain, for any.such inviilcativit of the. doctrine of total abstinence." A similnr eri'or we note in the lady's account of Mr. Sheridan We have expressed our candid opinion, that there aro at least a Knowles. She tells us that' he had written '* The Wrecker's dozen texts whi.ch have a singular took of Teetotalism , whatever Daughter " (which she confesses she has not read), for the debut of tlio fseii.se intended by the Avriters may ¦have been. Of that seuse one of his pupils, a. line womuu named Miss Elphinstoiie, Avho be- all men , who know the history of opinion in that ago, ure equally came afterwards, by marriag"e, Mrs. Sheridan Knowles." It Avas competent to judge. .So far the Dean's logic is invalid ; and we Mrs. Warner who ai)pe»red ia " The Wrecker's Daughter." The should like to see him attempt a now venture, better adapted to the piece written for Miss Elphinstonc was called " The JMuid of facts and philosophy of the question. Voltairo, in his " Spirit of Marituulornt." Xations," observes that "it yvm from the Maji and their Jannat that In such hooks as these, however, mistake's of this kind Avill occur ; Mohammed first took jus ideas of a Paradise. The prohibition of the authors, trusting too much to recollection , not being- always the drinking of wiuo was n<> . nno //tin// " (i. p. S5) . It should be tlioroug-hly acquainted with 'the works of the celebrities whom they remembered , however, that Mohammed did not prohibit all wine, casually jnuet , and not being disposed to make the needful references. but only the intoxicating species, a point Avluoh Mr. Lauo has Perhaps, also, there is a certain charm in the fact of those blunder* made abundantly evident in Jus notes to the " Arabian Nights." occurring". They suggest forcibly to the mind the real character of Mohammed,, in all probability, had ueei'Ma to tho Now Tostament tho intercourse between the reminiscent and the celebrity, and time through,ho-i uo of tlie Monks on the Arabian border ; aad for our- put the reader on his guard against implicit reliance, iiiul indues selves , notwithstanding' the Dean's wry positive statement, wo him to make allowance ibr occasional and unavoidable misapprehen - caunot ignore a strong resemblance in thought and language be- sions. tween the following fragments :— One of the best sketches in these volumes in that of the Duke of Wellington. He is taken in two vory different and contrasted 2 Tim. ii. 20. Tlie Koran, v. 7. views. These are exceedingly interesting. Take tho first—the " And they becontin;/ .sober "O true believers, .surely I ron Duko in a bad temper. (((/ (ti n. out of ' tlio .snare uf the trine and lots are an abomina- '• IM y friend , when so unusual and important an event was to Oor/f , Avlio are taken oaptivo at tion , a mutrc t{/ ' ti«tttn, therefore take p'hu-e nsa visit to the world's greatest living hero, luul taken his will." avoid them. SaUtit acokvth to especial pnhis with her toilette—which , on this occasion, avus in 1 Peter v. 8, how dissuasion and hatred by ¦faultless ttiHto , and of costly material, . Who really looked so bewitch- " JDriuk not, bo watchful, for nicann ofn'iiu? and lots ; will yo ing, that I told her, as Ave It cannot surely be necessary that I should enter into a description long interview, during which I had several times offered to depart, of his appearance and features, which countless portraits have made all of which proposals were met with the words— ire. In ' Sit" down again- I tell von. I want to hear more.' familiar to every man, woman, and child in the British Emp '" ¦ * sill the infinity of pictures and hiists taken of him, sufficient likeness " ' But your Grace's time is so valuable;' is perpetuated to transmit an accurate idea of him to posterity, and " ' I should soon dismiss you if I wished it.' the unborn will see the type and fashion of him whose glory will " I remembered, in the case of my poor friend , how abruptly he last whilst England herself survives. The only thing- that struck had indeed accomplished this. me, when brought into personal contact with him, was that he " ' Will you take some refreshment ?' Perhaps you will like seemed much shorter than I had fancied, and than lie looked on some tea, you women seem always ready for tea.' horseback, where alone I had seen him before. My friend , who " I laughed, and told ldm 1 had breakfasted long since. ordinarily was remarkable for the ease arid gracefulneess of her " We then commenced chatting again. manner, on this unfortunate occasion completely lost all self-pos- '" ' What time do you get up . in the morning t"' session. ; and in fact was speechless—unable to stammer out one "' Eight o'clock.' articulate word. The Duke regarded her for awhile -with cold and ¦" ' Well, that is not very early—I rise much earlier than that.' pitiless gaze, nor sought in the remotestjjdegrec to remove or dissi- " Whilst talking with him, 1 could sea rely imagine that in the pate the confusion which so overpoweringly and really distressingly simple, unaffected man before me, the warm and kindly sympathiser overcame heiv ... with woman's griefs, the familiar adviser in the minor occurrences " Finding she did not speak, he said, in a voice of exceeding of a life so .different from his, it was the irritable Duke of AVellin«-- sternness, ' What paper is that you hold in your hand ?' She ton I was conversing with, the greatest . warrior of the age, the faltered out that it embodied the petition she came to request m profound statesman and legislator. He, too* who, as rumour had behalf of her relative. ' Give it me!' he said. He took it from asserted, was entitled to his sobriquet of the Iron Duke, from his her and read it attentively over ; and then in tones the most curt , stern invulnerability to pity, compassion, or sympathy. Never in most harsh, most hopelessly and inexorably decisive, said, ' I am not my experience of life had 1 met with a man more gracious in man- if I y at my ease whilst-talking1 to him as if he the proper person to apply to about this. I could¦ not do it ner. . I was as perfectl wished—I do not know that I should if I could.' • _ • had been oiie of my oldest, most familiar friends. " In conveying this cruel negative, not one softening: tone of " At last, for even the .plqasantest things must have a termina- manner—not one transient look of svmpathv or admiration in any- tion, the servant entered with a card, saying- the gentleman was on his beautiful waiting to see him; wise mingled with or mitigated the pain he inflicted ¦' suppliant. I was petrified that a man could be so ungentle and "• Well, now I suppose; 1 must really let you go. .N ow, do not be uncdurteous to any woman, much less to . such " ' a ' one us then stood offended at what 1 am . going to say—you literary people are not before him. Nor can I now account for his severe, I may almost always very rich. Do you want any money to bring out this^ book ? add uiigentlemanly, reception of her, except by the supposition that —-if so, I will write yoti a cheque for any amount you choose to name.' lie was annoyed at her exceeding nervoiisiless—a phase of feeling " He took the pen in his hand, and placed the- cheque-book before alike to him unknown—perhaps incomprehensible ; and possibly he him. thought it was assumed for eftect , which it certainly was not; and " ' Conie, what sum shall I write for ? ' as he was known to detest anything approximating' to affectation '• I really believe if I had said iJoOO, he would have written it; or tmrealitv; resolved, it might be, to punish what he fancied an ex- but drawing myself up with a terrible air of offended dignity I an- hibition of if. . swered— , _ I was , I did riot come here for money I •• But if I was astonished at his treatment of Mrs. , " 'Oh ! your- Grace 1 yet more immeasurably so when, as I had never open——ed my . lips " He looked at my flashing- eyes and kindling cheek, saying, in a except to titter the exclamation as he entered the room , he came up good-tempered way—- < tome, took hold of both my hands, and said, in the gentlest and " f Come, now, do not look so angry—I would not hurt your feel- , so anxious you should let mo do some- blandest of tone*, ' Is there anything ! can do for you ?' 'No ings for the world *, but I am ¦ ¦ thank your < resolution upon the The English Woman?s Journal. Ko. 32. lor October. London : chamber of the court deferred coining to a W. Kent and Co. (late Pi per and the minister of justice was informed of the circumstance, Office* 19 , Xahgham Place. Co) . motion ; Lippe to the The characteristic articles in the present number, in addition to a good and on the very saine day removed the Count of are the public are left tp form and varied miscellaneous contents table, " A years experience" in Court of Appeal at Glogau. Why, Woman's work," a paper on the Victoria Press," and ono on C'j-opc- inion. At the close of the Austrian Imperial Council " " their own op ration of Needlewoman ," which, as will be seen, is - extremely, interesting¦ . a minority of sixteen voted for a Constitution, unity of all the The writer says :'—- ¦ ¦ ' ; " . tribes, and representative assembly. " Now, it is certain, that so.lbiig as capital is concentrated in the Mr. August Brass, formerly of Berlin, and a very well known hands of employers, so long will labour (if abundant), be badly paid. Liberal, at present established at Geneva, has published a pamph- It is therefore worth inquiry, if it may not be possible to render let directed against the Emperor of the French, and criticising the labourers in some measure independent of capitalists, by inducing means which he employs for the attainment of his aims. The fol- them to combine for a common object—-that object being the esta- lowing extract may not be uninteresting to your readers, if , as is blishment of ateliers, in which each individual should be at the same asserted by the Germanpress, anew journal has just been established time both labourer and capitalist. Such a plan would be well suited to in London :— The press," says Mr. Brass, sedentary trades, more especially so to those not requiring a great outlay by Louis Napoleon " with. Let us inquire if it might not be app costs the Emperor immense sums, at the same time, however, per- of capital to commence lied for him. The tise which he makes of it is to the trades in which women are principally engaged. The trade of a forms immense service dressmaker, who makes up the materials furnished to her, scarcely entirely new, and an invention of his own. Other Governments and for the requires any capital, and is perhaps one of the most favourable for ex- have their organs to announce what they intend to do, periment. The object in view is not to confer charity, but to render the purpose of preparing the piiblic for any measure, and gaining their woi-king class of women independent of it; by making their labour suDtJOrt for it. iSAPOiiEosr does the very reverse. He employs, or sufficientl y remunerative to enable them<- Jiot only to live in decency makes use of , the periodical press to hide what he intends to do, to and comfort, but lay up a fund for sickness, or compulsory idleness froiii confuse, to confound, to destroy public opinion, to leave it no time inability to procure employment. Tho plan is as follows :—That a to form itself. Let us take as an example a Erench journal. In this house should bo rented for a certain number of young women (say we find , first, the news brought by the two great correspondence twenty) to be employed in the various branches of dressmaking, under establishments—the correspondence Havas in Paris, and Eeu- the superintendence of a woman of middle age, who should be con- TER'sofEcein London, not tomentiontheBuLLiER's, the Stephani's, sidered their mistress, who would regulate the household affairs, and and the rest. On every important occasion, as the annexation keep order amongst the -workwomen. Tliis woman should be assisted the ri ntal question , the insurrec- by two others, whose occupation would be entirely in the workrooms, of Savoy, the Italian struggle, O e and arrange tho work. It both offices publish, and almost at the same moment, Tvho would cut out dresses, fife them on, tion in Sicily, necessary before tlie establishment was formed, that a sum ol totally different reports. Any one disposed to regard this circumr- would be arising from the un- money should be raised, either by borrowing it at interest, by contri- starice as a mere accident, as a contradiction associates (for which they should receive interest), or by certain -nature of the communications, is greatly in error. The^ butions from and the same gifts from wealthy persons, sufficient for the following purposes :—1. cause lies deeper. Both reports proceed from one To furnish the house. 2. To lay in a small stock of the common source, the Cabinet of the Tuilleries. The one calculated for the materials used in needlework. 3. To -provide subsistence for six months, is sent to the > Corres- " Murat party, and the nationality humbug until the . establishment became known. I. To ¦ provide 'for one year's pondence Havas ;' the other, concocted for John Bull, goes to rent and taxes. 5. To prevido for one year's interest due on money Air. Reuteiu But both reports are piiblished on the same day, borrowed. The two latter sums should - bo placed in a savings' bank, as in the same papers ; for each party a bulletin of victory, and, there- a guarantee .fund ; because, if the' establishment proved successful , a fore, for each party a defeat. Nobody knows what to think. proportion of tho cost of interest, rent, &c, should be deducted each Public opinion is held in siispense, till at last the affair, just as it week from the profits. The house after being furn ished would require suits Louis Napoleon, has become a '/ait accompli^ and, then, to be organized, and the following scheme is proposed :—1. That none l We have followed but girls of good character should . -be admitted. 3. That the ' work- the Moniteur says, This is the logic of facts.' ' these manoeuvres, and, on the most different occasions, have always women Bhould be bound to obey the orders of the mist ress and her offices are assistants. 3. That the sleeping-rooms and workrooms should be kept observed the same tactics. While the correspondence rooms should be kept in order working thus upon the grand scale, the journals are lett to laboxir thoroughly clean and airy. 4. That the t; by the workwomen themselves, who should , in turns, bo required to each in its sphere ; but each receives, upon every importan in all other household ditties which ' ays receives the com- assist for one or two hours each day question, its particular instructions. The P would not spoil their hands' and render them unfit to do fine work. mission to commence a dispute with the Patrie, which, terminates This regulation would be beneficial to health, and would also teach with an official kick, called in the language of 'French Journalism, them to fulfil their duties as wives and mistresses of funiih'es when they a ' Comminiquey —-a kick, which is administered by one marry. 5. That "ten hours be the limit of work. G. That no ne&dle- or the other journals, according to circumstances ; and work be done on Sundays ami great festivals. 7. That all expenses be the editor, who receives it, rubs his bruised person and paid each week before any wages are paid, viz., house-rent (proportion applies the. tank note Avhich his gracious master sends as a for a week), coals and candles (ditto), washing (ditto), interest (dit to), cooling plaister. Such is Louis Napoleon's press. But not the taxes (ditto), a small sum for medical attendance and replacement ol JTrench press alone ; for his organs are to be found all over the furniture, &o. (which sum should bo plaood in a savings' bank), alsy tho world—m England, in Belgium, in Germany, in Switzerland, in cost of subsistence, i.e., bread , meat, &.Q. 8. That tho workwomen bo di- every country his agents are active; Some journals are bought, vided into classes, receiving diUercnt: wages according to ability. Thut some are established. Opposition journals are run down by every tlio mistress and her assistants should each receive a fixed salary, and no that after the above-named payments have been made, the surplus possible means, paid correspondent, &c, &c. Money is of !>. That is no consideration. At Genoa last year should he paid over to the associates in equal proportions. consequence—economy no credit be given. In addition to those independent industrial asso- two journals, the Espe re nee and the Nationalites, were established formed. 1. A training to lend their aid in the ciation s, others affiliated to thorn might be at an outlay of half-a-million of francs, i school for workers, supported by contributions from persons not annexation of Savoy. The annexation having become a /nit belonging to tlio working class, 2. An infirmary for sick members ol accompli,' the one journal removed to Turin, there to labour in tlio thu industrial associations, 3. An oflloe of registration for women in interest of the Emperor in Italian affairs ; and in Switzerland, as wumb of employment, where extra help might bo obtained when a we hear from gooa authority, a new journal is about to appear, pressure of business required it, and whoro those who wanted work \rhoaeaim it will be to lead the Swiss by the nose for the coming might apply. This plan, which is suscep tible of various modification* events of next year. It dare not be doubted that the corrupted in practice, exemplifies the principles of co-operation among women to and corrupting preiss of Louis Napoleon is one of his mosb which we referred last month in the article oh the « Opinions of John dangerous weapons, and ho must be encountered by the honest fcj tuart Mill,' of which a continuation will appear in November. Tho jr ees of Europe with till the energy and determination at command.. rules, the amount of wages, and the' amount) of reserved fun d aro all y dangerous in the, form above questions for discussion ; but Mr. Mill's opinion is strongly favourable Louis Napoleon's press is not onl tho mentioned, but more especially when it puts on the democratic to the formation of co-operative or joint-stock companies as eoon as 'nationality artisans of any trude are sufficiently advanced in oduoation and self* luaek, and wraps itself in the Carbonari mantle of the Iho success deceit. control to be capable of working woll in combination. " of tho Rochdale Mill, in Yorkshire ail'ordg u splendid instance of sui'li combination." The Welcome Guest. PartXII. October. London : Houialon aml SERIALS. Wright.—The present park of this popular periodical opmploton a The People' s DioUdnary qf the Bible. Part 1. Manchester 1 volume. Tho authors' index prefixed to it, shows tho eeorct of its , in the array of well-known talented writovs whoso names appuur Hoywood. London t Simpkin and Marshall.—This is tho oomiionwo- BuooosB « jnent of a now work, which seems to bo very woll coiripllod , and pvc- in it. Th,o preface says :—" Tho Welcome Guost ' will honccforth znisos fair to become a standard cheap book. Tho first purl; contaiua it o nitain thirty-two pages each week instead of twonty-foiu* as horoto- portion of thu fore : it will thus prosont tlio largosfc qutuitity of original lil.oratuiv map of nnoiont and modern Palestine, and comprises « boooniod work extending from tho proper name Aaron, meaning a mountain ol over before printod in a' wookly shoot, and it thoroibi'Q language, siguiiluu a the clieapOBli illustrated porlodioul of tho «go." After announcing strength in Hebrew, to Agug, which, in tlio flume , mountaineer. a now t«lo by Gustavo Alnmrd, tho Indiun hunter and traveller Mislory of Jiiwlaml. 1'ai l.H iil and !) :}. London, tho profuoo continues :-^ c< The other fyaturoa poouliar to tlio ' Wol- The Comprehensive 1 1 George Edinburgh , Glasgow, and ;Now York i Blaokio und Oo.~Tl»U is ono of ciMiio Guesii will, liowovoi , bo in no wwy itogloutoc]. M>. . and uaoful publications, uniform with Aiigustufl fc(«la \b' engaged on a series of papers lo bo illustrated 'by Messrs. Bluokie'a woll writt-on World u their oxoollonb " History of India," noticed in our nuniboi' of lueb William M'Oonnell.' and tp *bo called tho ^ Strootis of tho > of rooomxnendation to tho historical eollootion of seiv stories by thoauthor of tho * Tales of tho Oonat Guard } week, and equally deserving JSasaye on student;. It takes a lucid and oomprehonsivo view of tlio subjoot in its ft weekly review of' Soionoo und Art j ' and a sorios of social ' aa well as its religious, ojvil, and military l'opular Toploe j ' will also appeal- at; rogulur intervals. In » word, tho intoUeotual, moral, and'BQoial, render- bearings, and when oomploto tho work will bo illustrated by alSovo 1000 jj i-opriotors aro rosolvod to sparo no outlay, slum no labour, In wood, Tho illustrations before us-~Uio sub. ing tho ' Woloomo Guest ' nol) only tho ohoapoals but the boat porlodionl engravinga, on stool and harass oi tno jcofa being personB, plaooa, and . ovonte—are iroU ohoaon, and tho book ot' the ago. They leave tholr cause oohQclontly in tho ftltogothor is an oxuollont ono, public, foi' they fool assured Mint their ellbi-ls will bo full y appreciated, Oct. 6, 1860] The Saturday Analyst arid Leader. 851 Fras er' s Mayazine. No. 370. October, i860. London, J. W belief being mainly grounded upon the immense time required for the gravel deposits in which they have been found. Parker and Son. "A. 1£. H. 33." opens the present number with a very formation of the " Part September.- London : Bradbury amusing and delectable paper, ent itled " Concerning Seylla and Once a Week , 15- and ' scarcely ever was a periodical, publication of any price CJharybdis," by which are typified the extremes of conduct into which 32vans.—-There , so wide a range, and so complete an ensemble people riish j so seldom flndiug the " golden mean." There is a " Last whatever, in which , as in the instructive and amusing elements of a literary Word on !Lord Macaulay," which will be read with interest. The regards variety first-class quality, -have: been presented number also c ontains chapter* 27 lo 29 of " G-ryli Grange." journal, and those of to the before us. The illustrations are capital «' Ida Conway,'' chapters 3 and 4. " A Ride for the .Ring," one of Gv J. public as in the excellent serial , te Melville's amusing papers ; " A Snow Pic-nic ;" " The English the fiction of a sterling character, and the information copious and Why there is an interesting e ," may also be specified. Tlie " Chronicle of Current History," accurate. In the part before us paper on Pomp ii Scientific Students " summarises the month's events, after the condensed and comprehensive " Representative Women." The " selected are and Mrs. Somerville. The fashion of our IRecord." The graver articles, in addition to the Caroline L. Herschel, Sophio Germain, " very curious. We quote the , are a paper on- " The Financial Condition of Turkey," and history and . character of the second are Chronicle who was born later and died Professor Owen's work on Palaeontology, the importance of the article :— " Next comes £ho Frencli lady, one on G-ermain began her career m a discussions in which cannot, in a scientific point of view, be over-rated. earlier than Caroline . Herschel. Sophie a preponderance of the extract the following passages :—" With respect to the. origin of very differen t way. Hers was a case of such We regulated her whole mind and life. Bpecies, the two extreme views, one or the other of which has hitherto mathematical faculties that they mathematicians have done ; and she insisted been generally held by speculators upon this most interesting subject, She loved poetry, as many reason and imagination was arbitrary may be broadly stated as follows. According to one each species is that the division set up between hear from superficial persons an ex- distinct and immutable, and was originally produced by a distinct aiid false. "We now and then finest taste is found in thOs<3 who arc act of creative power s according to the other, species are mutable, and pression of wonder that the constant transi tional variations froni a small conspicuous for judgment ; but Mademoiselle Germain would have have been produced by ' adoption b Mr. Darwin of a peculiarly wondered more if the case had been . otherwise ; for she saw how the number of original types. The y ' the latter of these views has recently directed decisions of reason must harmonise with the . principles of taste. attractive form of discernment n most strongly to this subject ; and the opinion of Goodness was, in her eyes, order ; and wisdom was the the public attentio truths and an authority as Professor Owen cannot but be of fundamental order., As fixed relations exist among oil so distinguished lead to the discernment for and respectfully received. On this question all objects, and the discovery of xiny one may anxiously looked and no flights of expresses himself with the utmost caution. One things of any number, no heights of speculation astonished, the Professor was mathematical if ever human being however, is clear, that he does riot believe that each species has had fancy disconcerted her. She direct interference of a first cause—in a distinct was so ; but this did not mean that she was prosaic, rigid, and harrow. its origin in the hical criticism in literature, no exertion of the creative power. 'It is not probable, She was qualified for large and philosop and special she applied the species of the mineralogist and the botanist less than for inquisition into the theory of numbers ; and he says, ' that to exhibit the state of to intluenccs different as is implied by the herself, amidst the tortures of death by cancer, should be owing 39 periods of their culture caiise and the direct interference of a not only the science?, but of literature at different , operation of a second , The more nature of the forces -operating , in the production This was the subject of her posthumous, work. . . . first cause. The 's drawing-room (he being not be so clearly understood as those which terrible the prophecies she heard in her father of a lichen may and therefore living in political arranged the atoms of the crystal on which the lichen spreads. a member of the- Constituent Assembly, ,little- appl her faculties to contributed the most valuable evidence as to the fact and. s&ciety) the more strenuously did . Sophie y Pouchefc has studies it indicated, to the amaze- mode of the production by external influences of species of Protozoa. this History of Mathematics and the ; eduld not conceive why she was. suddenly "We would simply remark, that if it be granted that species are origi- ment of her family, w ho Euler. They were not only amazed but nated, not by a direct interference of creative power, but by soino engrossed in the study of ¦ generat ion , the question is at displeased : ami among other modes of opposition they took away ull inodifieation of the bi'dinarv course of as to freeze tho ink require* for the production ol a her clothes at night, when the weather was so cold once limited to the amount of time wrapped pass into another, as supposed by in the glass. Sophie quietly rose, when they were all asleep, new species. Does one species her studies. The elementary through, a long series of infinitely smaU tran- herself iii the bedclothes, and pursued Darwin, Lamarck, &c, such as we have to learn from ; or is the change effected, as has already been books she could lay hold of were not sitional modifications according to our present author of Vestiges of Creation, by a sudden and now. They were full of faults and omissions, suggested by the trouble than her family did. She ? Is ic more probable that the dog should, through a view ; and they gave her more abrupt leap liowever ; and in time her family let her gradations extending over many generations, have descended advanced beyond those books, series of Terror she made herself mistress of the or that when the time for the introduction of the new alone During the Reign of from the wolf 5 , Cousin. Times improved for her when society species was fully come, a pair of specific wolves should have suddenly Differential Calculus of question closely related to those to was so far settled as that the Normal and Polytechnic schools of Paris produced a specific dog ? Another the notes of many whether the course of ununal hie upon were opened. By one device or another sho obtained wliieh we have just referred is, b Lagrange's periods down to tlie present time, has or of the professors' lessons; and she was presently bewitched y the earth, from the earliest students as development. We can scarcely conceive new and luminous analysis. It was the custom for such has not been one of progressive professor at the value to paltvontological evidence can desired it to oiler their observations in writing to tho , how any one who attaches a real to get her Owen's verdict on this question, that, close of his course. Sophie took advantage of this custom hesitate to agree with Professor and grout was " can be derived fro m the existing mass notes handed in to Lugrange, ae coming from a student ; as fur as any genoral conclusion whoso real name was soon doetrino of the uniforniitarian, and that, the praise awarded to tho mysterious .student, of evidence, it is against the enterprise illustrates her assigned work on this planet, there has betrayed to tho great man. Her first specific in regard to animal life and its whole life. Napoleon progress in tho main.' The principal courage and perseverance as thouroughly as her plainly been an ascent and expression of tho results of the uniforinita-rian against tho theory of the pro- was dissatisfied that there was no scientific objecti on urged by , of Oliliulni on tho vibrations of elustic metal that this theory rests entirely upon negativo evidence. tho curious experiments gressionist is, extraordinary prize if tho Institute could r than negative evidence does he admit tho provisional plates ; and ho oll'erod an But on what othe laws of thoso vibrations. Lagrango at onoo distinction between Daleoozoie, mosozoic, and cainozoic stmta ? On discover the mathematical that is it would require a now species •wh does ho base his conviction that eiiuliosaurd did not declared tho thing impossible ; , at other evidence thought of proceeding in the face of such period or that the numerous marine invertobrat a of analysis. Fovv would havo exist; in tho tertiary , oar master, why not try ? ' Af ter characteristic of tlie ptilroozoic ago are extinct iu existing an opinion : but Sophie said, 'My d wliioh are as tho result an equation of tho move- arwin propounds his tboovy of natural selection, a world of study, sho sent in , , Beas ? When Mr. D It was faulty ; and sho saw why. But for an hesitate to bring against him tlie negativo ment of elastic surfaces. does the uniformitari education, the failure could not non-discovery of fossil transitionul lorma f the irregularity of her mathematical evidenoe afforded by tho work to remedy tho evil. Sho actually him that he is relying upon precisely that have happened ; and sho set to Did it never occur to unalysis whioh Lagrango had doelured to bo imperfection in tho geological record which the most advanced ot produced tho now kind of ; and ho was the firat to applaud tho foat. Moreover, ho ob- progressionists is compelled to postulate in support of -his theory r necessary ot equation from her suhorap. Sho horsoll pursued tho Ae Professor Owen. ' well observes, no order of tho mammalian olaas tained tho oxa and' obtained honourable mention for this second attempt. is at tho present day represented by such nuniorous and widely- application, to ontor again into tho competition ; and on this third 00- PQreed individuals as that oi' cetaoea, whioh ' tis ilahes, dwell uud She was invited diB suocoeded completely Sh e wrought out tho applica- Oftii only live in the ocean. Tho mombors of this order attain to ension aho o ds, andsup|>liod eovoral theorems to Logondro on a size far surpassing that of the largest rooent or extinot animals ; tions of hor wn metho numbers, which ho published in tho supplement to his socond and are admirably adapted for fossil preservation, by tho complete tho theory of :*!„.,n,-.^ ^e fii-iii. a \roA,xtnr\ niifi \\\n In vna nii iTilit n i* of their voi'tobn u. edi tion ; and tho fui-thor slio went in mathoinatios tho more widely who ospooially chemistry, phy- oxistod in palceossoio or niosozoio seas, it extended hor studios in other departments, If, thereforo, oetat'eii had hilosoph science, and literature. inooncoivable that they should not huvo loft abundant sios, geography, and the liiutory of p y, is absolutely in all directions, and manifested hor of their ejtistenoo in the deposits of theso oceans. Sho employed hor Analytic faculty evidonoo (ivory subject which aho touohod. Wo aro told that When we compare tho soanty and dubious evidonuo of thorn synthetic powov 011 annors ' and - conversation, tho utniOBt grace of accuracy was in secondary strata with tho extraordinary abunchmuo of. then- in hor lu onl rational con- manifested. Hor expression of hor- ideas and feelings, and hor narrative remains in tho Suffolk eruig, surely Uw y improvement aa marking tho ponod ol in cidents wore bo prooiso, ho brief, bo per fect, that no clusion ia to rogm-cl tho former indjotttiond Tho sum o tho sous of ou r globo. was possible, and every alteration must bo for the worse. of tho first introduction of this order into Ilor life wan not whioh boouis lo show fltnoss, olourneflB, einoority, uppourod in'ull sho did. Evidonoo has, howevor, boon recently udduuod «ud nutural. placo at a date tho loss goniul for this, nor her conversation the lesa lively that tho introduction of mnn into this planot took thono who wore ovont by tho atudonts It had a soniowhut pootjoal oust, or sooinod to havo to groatly eai'lior than tliat usually assigned to this dant. Sho diou oullocl • aelta,' unquestion- oxpoot ing to find • a mathematical prude,' or a dry pe of Bibh'oal chronology. Flint; insti'iimonU borne, blio vma ttiiy rooentl boon diBoovoiwl »t oon- in 1831 , uftor long uud cruel suffering, lioroioally ably tho work of human Jiande, ha,ve y Oarolino Jiorsoliol, but dying bolow tho surfuo'o in bods of slralilloU gnvvuj, prouaoiy voavs old—younirei' by n generation than Bidoxablo depths , v oura boforo lioi'. .. of poet-pUooono ago, associated with tho fossil remains of many oxt.mot Bovontoon to»' it n . mixed Tlio Christian f tvambtbr, No. 221. Soptombor, 180U. J <» > JJ'B. ranr»muHan animals. Human bon us havo lilj owiso boon Jound , of tills * Amonoan oflsiforou H uiivorns 'in vunoiia pirns Walker, WJuo, onil Co. The ounwit muuuor with those of oxtinot onmivom, in ' article on t a W of Kuropo. Tho• prosout. condition of tho evidence is soarooly euoh as p«Sal oonl «l,i8 tho second ^o}{o^.^^iShy o[ to warrant any authoritat ive oonduaion on I hi* iuohL intorOHlnuj point j but Sir 0. Lyoll, at tho mooting of tho British A.e»oemtion at Aberdeen , oxnroBBod his opinion that tha antiquity of Hm»o flint inafci-umontu, it tho fancy. uidood 1 his K&«gpwn, woai* well, though fhcy wmy not at ouco captivato compnrocl with tho times of hintory mul t vuditicM i , is Rvoat ' sesse*asW 52 The' Saturday ' Analyst and Leader. [Oct. (I, I860 His peculiarities of style must be softened to tis by familiarity, before The criminal record of the week dbes not flag. A murder of peculiar ¦we can detect the great humanity imder the sm-face cynicism, and fully atrocity has been perpetrated at a cottage, adjoining Urpeth Corn-mil), recognise the artistic grace of his life-like creations. His delineations seven miles from Newcastle. One Milner Lockcy having stabbed his are quiet and natural ; he startles -with no stage effects , no burlesque, wife, a lodger, named Harrison, interfered to protect her, when he no caricature ; we smile or sigh as the living panorama passes, but immediately became the object of the man's Tiny. Lockey inflicted a seldom' laugh or passionately weep. Wo arc lookers on, not actors in mortal wound, which speed ily terminated in the death of his new the drama, and earnestly but calmly watch the progress of'the plot, victim; In the matter of the Stepney murder the man Mullins was judgment unwarped by committed for trial on Tuesday. The inquiry into the late tragedy at and the developments of character—our ' ¦any- intensely excited feelings, out mirth rational, and our sadness salutary. Road is pending us we write, but without much .prospect of His stories are eminently suggestive, and he rarely analyzes his. decisive issue. At Aldershof t, a soldier, named James Johnson, has characters. This is a great charm of his books. It undoubtedly murdered, two men wit-h one shot— Sergeant Chip and Corporal Cole : force that through the first and then entering the body of the requires much less skill to describe a character, than to the ball passin " ¦ character to unfold itself, and to change and modulate it in harmony second. . with the incidents of the story. And it. is in this gradual development In the matter of tho Road murder, Elizabeth Gongli, the nurse, w.;s that Thackeray excels. It has been Thackeray's mission to portray taken into custody at the close of last week, on the charge of having life as it is. He brings more than great creative genius to the task ; he perpetrated this crime. has read with clear vision the mysterious scroll of the human heart, This week'(Monday)' commenced the winter session at the hospitals, finds them—now, bright with the record when the usual opening addresses were delivered to the students. and gives us the pages as he • . forming the n ucleus where the of noble deeds, now blurred by weakness and folly, and now deeply The 'Victoria Terminus', at Pimlico> and crime. His books are full of moral lessons— connecting threads ' of : the lines north and south of the Thames are tu staiued by guilt was opened on lessons that will make us wiser and better if we heed them. "Wo .find be agglomerated into a sort of locomotive love-knot, perverts while it dazzles ; vice JMondav. there no glow of false sentiment, which ' . is never clothed in attractive garb, and though deceit and hypocrisy are The ladies of Brighton* by the . hands of Mrs. William Coninghain unmasked, honour is paid to every womanly grace, and every manly and Sirs. J. White, the wives, of the liberal members for the borough, virtue." The present number also contains article fourth on Mr. Tom have presented silver bugles to the Artillery and Rule corps of B.A., which will be read local Volunteers. Tho presentresses delivered, with graceful enunciation , Taylor's [Recollections of the late C. R. Leslie, . with interest. We also find a notice of one of the most remarkable appropriate addresses. Mr. William Coiiinghnm , M.P., for .Brighton, of the past year, namely, " The Thought in aid of Faith, and his son were present in their respective, uniforms of the 1st Sussex, productions belong. by Sara S. Hennell," published by Mr. Ma-nwaring, the successor oi and the Eton corps, to which¦ they Mr.; John Chapman. The work in question is thus summarised :—- "As An accident -happened to' --Prince. Albert, on Monday. . As he was ¦ carriage and a help to other inquirers, the results of the niost radical and un- returning froni sliootiii^, the horses ran away.with the1 , compromising thinkers who have written since, and been made accessible the Prince, who jumped out, had his face slightly scratched. . A to the English reader. Thus, Feiicrbach represents for her . the- ' Essence telegram, dated Tuesday, from Lord John Rhsfl>11, wo are happy to of Christianity,' and Mackay's ' Progress of the Intellect,' its develop- stale, informs us th:vt the injury was nothing to spetvk of, and that ment ; in.discussing the ' Christian System ,' she traces the course o f the Prince .was -convalescent. thought from Unitarianisin through Mr. Martineau to Francis Mr. Disrael i , Mr. Digby Seymour, and Jtfr. Bristowe have appeared she is not satisfied to rest ; her at public meetings during the week, the first to address his cdnstiiueiicy, Newman, with whose pure Theism Mr. Seymour ' Principles of Psycholgy ' are those of Herbert Spencer, adopted the last two at Southampton ; and Kidderminster. ; her view of the History of vindicated the measures of .M>. " Gladstone in finance, and Lord J0I11.1 without qualification or reserve ' ' Pigott, t he meiribcr- Philosophy ' is .wholly in the light of Lewes and Cbmte ; and for the Uussell as-. - regards Parliamentary Reform. Mr. expediency doctrine, as for Heading, having become Grovernor of the Isic of Man , his brother, ' Science of Morality ' she starts with the , suffrages of the defended by Henry Thomas -Buckle. Six chapters thus cover the Mr. Serjeant Pijjott has come forward- to solicit the an- In - constituency. . His platform" comprehends retrenchment j extension wide field of modern speculation. They are preceded by ' ¦ " troduction,, setting forth the personal naotire and experience from of Ihe elective franchise', church-rate abolition , and income-tax which the inquiry has started, and followed by a conclusion , in which the bearings of the whole On personal faith and hope are ccmrageousl y . Tho funeral of the late Mr. IL Ingram, M.p:, was fixed to takofplaee ht possibly yesterday (Friday). ' ¦ ' „ atid calmly stated. The argument of the book is not, as mig ...... ,. <>l bo guessed, to pro test against anything in t ho- moat radical and With regard to tlie ' coinnuMvial .- ' t reaty with lTrancc, t Ko organs explicit ly that jisirt v the viuws -of¦ whieh arc supposed to be as far as it goe.- , seemingly irreligious of the- results she registers ; but, ^ rcc<>pm se;l reducing; psychology to physiology, religion to anthropology, mid •.'uibotlied. in this-impo rtant measure, and ono of . whose hope of another lift', chiefs Jias had tho enn-iago " of it confided to h im both in prinui[ ,l? morals to philanthropy, renouncing all personal " state, in and-.'holding tho conception of a. personal God to bo only tho imago of uncl detail , and which aro t herefore- likely to be well'informed, denying ros., tho present, positions - of tho matter. Tho Manclirstcr himself which man projects upon the vast Unknown—nay, recent IS nil-- the very distinction of matter and spirit, her purpose ia st ill to Examiner ami Times states , that in consequence of ono of thoso and tho spiritual haps incident to di ploniaev, the entire tarill'of metals will be delayed for vindicate the intellectual harmony, the moral progress, ' portion calmness and trust, whioh belong fitly to tho domain of faith." another week. The Movnhuj and Evening Mar publishes that of items which , bv article l(i of tho treaty, aro to be admitted by Fram.-o at tho now d uties'iVom tho 1st October. " Tho various rates," says thu Star, "in tho new tariff uro a dapted to a classification which is based XIECORD OF THE WEEK. in general on tho greater or smaller amount of humau lubour bestowed words, on the cost of HOME AND COLONIAL. upon tho same weight of muteriul, or in other production , as fur as that is possible, in a now tanfl which knows no It was expected as tho past week: drew to a close, that tho growing ad valore m, but only specific-, duties. Tho first thing which strikes complications abroad, and tho inclement weather at homo, would tei l ono in tho classifi cation as woll as in the rates, is tho extreme 'similarity unfavourably on tho financial barometor, but we aro happy tp record to tho provisions of tho Zollveroin treaty." Aftor eoiupaiuuff tho two an agreeublo disappointment, for t hoy etodd firm at 93} to »-8, not- tariir«, tho article continues, " in tho «nso of iron in bars tho .dut y u withstanding the clouded sky and tho gloom which obscured tho polit i- fixed at the uniFmn rate of 7 f. per 100 kilos., while tho Zollvorcin cal horizon, and only suffered a subsequent depreciation of about 1-8. Tho treaty charges it at two diH'erent rates, and both higher, which iuct ex- past week was wry unfavourable throughout for such port ion of tho eroiaos iv vorv injurious effect on building und railway industry, n .na harvest aa had not been garnered , for when not actually raining, which yet this dooa not' shut out English competition. JJ ranuo yill get a tie- was seldom tho case, tho air was 30 damp and chill, and sunshine so aided start by being cnubled 10 import) tho English urticJo large y lor ruro, that tho iiitervula during which tho wet was suspended were of her consumption , whieh sho lms hitliprt o been precluded from donitf, very little avail in many localities ; in eomo, however, there was a less by tho liigh dutios imposed. Tho cumo of steel merits special montioii , Tho bullion in tho Bunk wua 15 f. per 100 lalos. unfortunate etoto of affairs to chronicle. tho fanner oxorbitnnt duty huving been reduced to r £123,807 loss than the preceding week, tho totul being ;C10,a 5f> ,95J.. This is a fair loetonl burryinc out of tho frco-trudo pmwipio. lulco oil Tho fine mild weather "of tho present woolc has brightened, our pros - thoso prohibitive duties and- iron will bo proiiuooU wiicro ic onn do p.u- pects in more senses than ono. Tho harvest may now bo looked upon , ducod oh enpost, best , nnil mo«t ploiilif uUj, na mely, in Juiglaml, uiu ua wo anticipated in theso columns, us amply fulfilling tho expectations bo dielributed wliero mpst Wimt od , nainoly, in li'nineo ; thin gs will Mn< i of those- who looked fora fuir averugo yield. Tho financial us well as an d liuman nocUs be best; entielieu. / oil a tho plulu- tlicir own level, ns tlis atmosphorio bn-r.oinotor roso towards mid-week. Consols reaching sophy of tho qiiost.ion in a niitaholl. And so with nuy other artiolo, 03 3-8 to L ut whioh they evinced a tendency to considerable flrmnons. wines. IFero the aiso is revcrood ; Frunoo can produco them better, - Richard Williams, tho " psoudo-clergymnn," who hud obtained a ohonner, and mnro v)loilti ( > the Sardinian Government formally announced that this- principles oi" country with a deep disgrace such as centuries of suffering could not maritime law recognised, at the Paris congress, will be strictly carried obliterate. Whatever populations may be freed from oppression, th r put. In Sicily the forts of Pescara and'Agosta were ill the hands of the independence Will be respected." In conclusion, the report.- tells u ; liberating' aribyv So matters stood, as far as news had arrived,.as the " jthat Parliament lias been convoked in order tb pronounce whether th ' pasfc" aixd pi'esent week joined hands ; but we were not kept long in present-ministry-still , enjoys its confidence. This is so much tlie more suspense for the decisive blow. Tidings arrived that Aneona had fallen necessary as a voice which is with reason dear to the people, has mani- on Saturday, chiefly thi-ough the effective operations of tho fleet* and fested its distrust of us to the crown arid the country." The ministry, that Lamorieiere (who, as the Times obsei'ved, had issued some of the as finally constructed by Garibaldi at Naples are Conforti, Muira, most murderous manifestoes ever put forth), and his whole garrison Scura, Capitame, Anguissolis, and Desanetis. wereprisoners of war in the hands of the Sardinians^ Nay, more ; that his We learned early in the week that General Walker,—-who under portfolio had got into General GFanti's hands, and had been found to existing circumstances, is called a Filibuster, but who, had he immo- contain papers of the most compromising character, showing that a lated 1,000 human beings for every one whose blOod is now upon his conspiracy was going on against the French Emperor by his own pro-? hand, would have been a conqueror and a hero, even, if like the first ¦ tege"s. Meanwhile the official organ of the French Government an- Napoleon, the capricious goddess forsook him in the last act of his nounced, on lhe last day of September, that the forces occupy ing Rome sanguinary drama,—had been taken, prisoner, and that an English vessel, were to be reinforced by a division of infantry, two squadrons of of war, the Icarus, assisted in the capture ; also, that lie would stand a cavalry, and a battery of artillery, and that an intimation had been con- j tolerably fair chance of being reformed off tlie face of the earth, his veyed to Sardinia that General Goyon " had been ordered to extend his captors being half inclined to shoot him. action as far as the military conditions on which it is dependen t will In Austrian intelligence, the chief feature of news, as last week closed admit "—a somewhat obscure announcement, -which, however, meant was that the Reichsrath (State Council), had voted a federal consti- that lie is to prevent the liberating armies from coming to closer quar- tution* , and rejected ' imperialism and centralisation, by a majority of ters with the Pope. And intelligence of a nature calculated to bear out 2 to 1. The Emperor's response was to the effect that he confidently this view of affairs, reached us ' from Paris, touching the reply made to hoped that the course he intended to adopt would, when it became M. de Cadore, who had been commissioned to ascertain the course which known, meet with general concurrence, as giving tokens of his good in- the Emporer Napoleon would actually pursue. France, however, and tentions, and obtain for hiin unanimous support for the measures lie pro- when we say France, we do not literally mean the French people, but posed to carry out. A " volunteer movement'' is said to be in course of use tlie word figuratively as signifying the French Emperor,—had de- prosecution through the' empire, under the countenance of the govern - cided that the operations of her troops be confined to a- passive and quies- - ment, while 100,000 soldiers are about to be levied. The order for : cent position. Thus it would appear that even the Emperor finds it politic extinguishing the lighthouse fires on the Venetian sea-board is said to not to openly defy the whole public opinion of the eivilised world. As have originated in the fact, that nocturnal soundings had secretly been for the enlightened people of France, they, we believe, are : heart and taken by Garibaldi's agents. . . ¦ soul with the liberatirig movement. The JMoniteuv, with oracular and The lectures at the University of Pesth in Hungary have been post- enigmatical significance, tells us, that it will appertain to flic great ; poned sine die, by express order of. the Austrian Commander-in-chief powers, in. congress assembled, one day to decide on the questions which ! in that countrv, which is tantamount to closing tlie universitv. have arisen out of recent events in Italy," up to which . decision, it- ENTERTAINMENTS. seems,. that . " the Emperor's Government, in conformity with tlie mis- sion it has imposed upon itself, will continue to discharge the duties Royal Exglish Opera.—The season at this magnificen t theatre resulting from its sympathies with the holy father, and from , the pre- opened on Monday with Lurlihe, cast, a3 announced in our preliminary sence of the French flag in Rome, the capital of the catholic world,"-;— notice. The opening night was characterised by a multitudinous and a very ' pretty¦' piece of diplomatic . obfuscation. At Tivoli the. enthusiastic audience, whose disposition, to re Jemand every " gefli " in " Sardinians could see the spires of the eternal , city, while their own i he opera was kept pace with and deserved, if not invariably responded panoply might in turn be perceived glistening in the rays of the to with a " repeat," by the uniform, excellence of the performance, in- . sun. Whether they would make aii attempt to occupy the " capital of strumental and vocal ; and in the latter point, both " soloistic " arid the Catholic world," or pass it in a lateral direction towards Naples,' choral. Indeed, Mr. Smythson has brought the chorus of this house was, at the time of the despatch leaving, probleniatical. On the other to the highest state of efficiency and-preeisiOn. Nor must we onait the hand, after the check received by Garibaldi's forces at Capua, the scenic, department, which show forth Messrs. Grieve and Telbin's Neapolitan army follpvved up its success, real of apparent, by. recovering. powers of .contrivance arid handywprk in 'mechanical execution. As the: streain of tlie Volt urno, as their line of defence, Victor Emmanuel set we have already speeiulised all these feat ures inmore than one pros- out for Florence and Bologna on Friday week, amidst enthusiastic accla- pective article, we have only to record their efficiency as exhibited in mations, and almost simultaneously, a deputation from Naples set out performance. Mr. Alfred Mellon's band, for he deserves to share the to meet him, with a view of inducing him to annex the latter place, , honour with Mr. Costa, excels its own excellence, as manifested at the and thus put an end to anarchy and disorder. In connection with the . late Floral Hall concerts. Miss Pyne's voice,' so unique for tlie com- ostensible leaning of the French Emperor towards the Pope, must be bination of power and fulness, with the exquisite silvery and ringing mentioned HVI. de Thouvenol'a alleged threat to.make himself conspicuous delicacy of its iimbre, was deservedly hailed with enthusiastic greeting by his absence from tli'o councils of his master, but whether this was in the character of the heroine, which she has identified with herself ; an obsequious anticipation of the presumed wishes existent in the as was also Mr. Harrison, whose maiily fi gure., bearing, and deportment, Imperial mind, or whether it was prompted, or whether it was spon- breadth and vigour of style, fine natural organ,. well cultivated by taneous, or whether it partook of the character of both, and also, whether assiduous study, and histrionic qualifications, have advanced him the Emperor wants to be in a position to tell tho Pope that he lias done to the first rank of English operatic artists ; ho was, of course, the nioro than his Holiness deserved, and must abandon him to the fate Count Rudolf of the piece. His peculiarly distinct articu- which tho inexorable and irresistible logic of events so clearly indicates, lation, so rarely heard, merits spocjal commendation. The ai'e contingencies dimly looming in the future. However, on the new appearances come now for notice. Mr. Henry Whartbn departure of M. de Cudore with such comfort for the holy father as (baritone), as Rhineborg ; Mr. Qrattan Kelly (buss), as Unron diplomatic assurances, which the course of ovonts appears likely to Truonfels ; Miss LefUer (contralto), as Ghiva ; and Miss Albortnzzi, as neutralise, can afford, the foreign minister 1ms d etermined to kcop his Libft , all confirm tho judiciousness of tho allotmont of tho characters placo. The contest, we inay hero remark in passing, between tho they have to sustaiiu Mr. Wharton. shows that ho possosscs good Neapolitan troops and tho Garibaldians, scorns one of thoso deadly natural qualifications and has evidently had tho advantage of. careful struggles, in which the idea of giving quarter seems not to enter tho training. ' . With Misa Leffler's abilities the public are well acquainted, minds of the combatants. At mid week wo learned that the us ulso with Mr. Kelly's, through tlio medium of tho Concert-room, success of tlio Garibaldian arms had been placed beyond doubt by whore they already enjoy tho reputation of favourite artistes. Miss tho issue of the action at the Volturno. Tho rising of tho . popu- Albortazssi gives promise of future success in her profession. In tho lation liad spread in overy direction, and tho Sardinian troops con- Opera wo aro noticing, her part is but a small one, but sho joins Miss verging to tho very gates or Rome, wore upon tho point of entering tho Pyno, Mr, Corri, and Mr. Wharton , in tho excellent dolivory of tho Neapolitan territories. A space of five milos from tho city had been unnecjompaniod part song, " Through tho Woi'hl." Mr. Corri, as placed under tho ostensible protection of tho Fronch (lag. To turn Zelicok, makes a most amusing, lively, and obstreperous drunken now to tho diplomatic side of afl'airs, Garibaldi, putting out of con- gnome, and excites tlie risible tondoneios of his audience most success- sideration tho cossion of Nice, ha9 shewn a disposition to preserve fully. The encores on tho oponing,night of tho season , in a favourite amicable relations, and aot in con cor fc and unison with Victor piece, abruptly suspended, as this was last spring, by the commence- Emmanuel. A now ministry was about to bo formed at Nuplos, con- ment of the Ituliun Opora, cannot bo tukon as a criterion. 33ut wo sisting of members favourable to that lino of policy which will .have ¦watched tho performances during tho woelc, and tho audionoo eventuate in tho absolute and unconditional annexation of Sicily to gonoi'ully evinces a disposition not (o bo satisfied without hearing tho Sardinia, as opposed to the contention of tho Masszinx party, who, to following pieces sung in duplicate: tho fuinoud brindisi " Take this quote thoir manifesto, urge that " a froo und united country will not Cup" (Miss Pyno) ; " Troubadour Knohanting" (Aliss Lofller) ; •' My bo forinod by annexing this or that provinoo to Piedmont, but by Heart's First Homo" (M .r. Harrison} ; "A Frtthor's, Jiovo" (Mr. amalgamating Piedmont and all tho provinces of Italy, and Italy with Wharton). To turn, now, (o tho nttso en some. Tho moonliglit Rome, which is its oontro and heart." Bortani had rosignod , and Sufli sconory is so beautifu l as to oxoito an almost involuntary outburat of had withdrawn from tho pro-dictatorship of Sicily. Spain's support of ajj plnuse, when the rising curtain cUsoIobos it to view. Tho rippling1 J3omba Walton afc what it is worth) has, as a matter of course, boon of tlio wutor, gildod by tlio moonboains streaming clown upon it, and oxhibitod, in its endorsement of his memorable " protest," which sil voi'ing over its surface, is executed to perfection. As Lurlino stands formed tho subject of a .leader in our numbor of tho 15th ultimo. on tlio bosom of tho river, singing to hor harp, the illusion of tlie The Sardinian " session " oponod on tho 3rd, wlion Count Cuvour's water Ho wing, underneath hor very foot is pori'oot ; it seems ron lity roport was presented, to tho offoot " thafc henceforth I taly, with ilscll' i wo liston to hoar its murmur on tho heuoh. No less suacottafu l tho exception of Venotia, is froo. As rogAvdn tho lattor provinoo is tho tossing of tlio wators, when tlio fitonn agil atos thorn j and the avo scannot mako wur upon Austria ngninst tho almost unanimous , soono, whore R udolph und his boat are ongulpWl, in nu ininiitablo wish pf tho European Powers. Such un enterprise would ovoato piooe of stugo offept. • Tho, porformunfos of tho oponing niglifc i of course, a fornaidablo coalition against Italy. But, ' in constituting a strong concluded with the Nat iomu"Anthem , in whioli Mloa Pyno took; tho Italy, wo aro serving Flio oauso of Vanotia. Those ' rousons * also leading solos. Various novelties nro, wo under«luncl , in uotivo pre- impose upon us tho duly of respecting Home. Tlio question of Homo paration , tho oivrlioBt to bo produced being, wo beliove, a now Opera, oanuot bo decided by tho sword alone. It moots with moral obstacles composed oxpreesly for " tlio 1' yno and HurriHon Company," by Mr. which moral force ulono can vanquish.1' Tho ministerial report, in M. W. Balfo. In oonnootion with tJio seenio dopurtinont wo ought speaking of tho rumoured possibility of a oollisiou with Franco at not to omit tho nwn« of Mr, Sloman, whioli dosorvea highly oreditiibJo Homo, says « that an aot of ingratHuub so monstrous would brand tho mention. £,*4 The Saturday Analyst and Leader. [Oct. 0, 1860 Her Majesty's Theatre.---This theatre, with its renowned " double in hei* own unique and original style, hex'merits are thoroughly appre- company," opens on Monday, with Mr. Q-... .A. Macfarren's nevf opera of ciated by the lovers of terpsichoreail executive power. The novelties Robin Hood, the libretto being fr om, the facile and elegant pen of Mr. produced have drawn crowded audiences to the favourite temple of the John Oxenford, and will afford appropriate and ample scope for a histrionic muse. The " renovation" whic.li this house has undergone display of the vocal powers of Mr. Sims Reeves, Mr. G-ebrge Perron, is thpi'oughly • complete and elegant.' On Monday Jlr. Dion Mr. Santley, Madame Lemmens Sherrington, and the other eminent Boucicault's comedy, entitled " The Irish Heiress," will be produced, artistes who will appear in it. In the new scenery which will be pre- in which Mr. IT supererogation to descen d to particulars. Suffice it to say that, whether " National Choral Society," and tiie " Volttnteejr Choral. as regards ensemble or details, the performance was in every respect Move^ibxt."—It is with sincere regret that wo have to record a fact admirable, both in the TQcal and instrumental arrnh^omciits. Mr. . which will cause some little delay in the progress of these matters. ¦ George Lake was the organist of the occasion. Dr. 'W'jidcj of course, Mr. G-. W. Martin, who originated and is conducting both, has sus- conducted. The hall was densely crowded in every part by a select tained a sad bereavement in the death of his only sister. The rhelah- and appreciative audience, who warmly applauded throughout. choly event took place quite suddenly. The lamented deceased was ITAim/roNV ExcuusroNS.—Under the title of " Hamilton's Excur- present in her usual state of health at the performance of Mr. Mar- sions to the Coutinent, and back in two houi-s," a high Hasa entertain- tin's prize glees and choral part song3 at the Crystal Palace, on the ment is now in course of successful presentation at the Egpptian Hall, 15th nit. by a choir of 2,000 voices (of which performance a notice Piccadilly, erewhile the scene of poor Albert Smith's amusing and appeared in our number of the 22nd September). On her return chatty performances. France; . Austria, Prussia, Switzerland, Italy, and home to her brother's house, at the Regent's-park, she complained of " Up the Rhine," are all comprehended in the programme. The indisposition, and gradually growing worse, expired on the 27th ult., dioramie illustrations, executed in the first style of perfection, cover and her mortal remains were conbigned to. their last resting place 30,000 square feet of canvas, and are the work of the first scenic on Thursday. artists of the day. It is not exaggeration to say that every feature of European celebrity is concentrated here in one nucleus. The "cicerone" One of the Hanbsomjest Buildings in ^London, says the Times is Mr. Iieicestef Buckingham, whose well-known elocutionary powers, Newspaper, is Partridge and Cozens' Stationary Warehouse, No. 192, distinct and graceful delivery, as well as histrionic aptitude of no Fleet-street, corner of Chancery-lane. The largest and cheapest house mediocre rank, combine to render him specially fitted to amuse and in .the kingdom for paper and envelopes. Carnage paid to the country delight the numerous audiences attracted by this decided novelty. . on orders over 20s. No charge for stamping. Useful cream-laid note, - Hatmarket Theathe.—The new ballet of " The &>.n a \id the five quires for Gd. ; super-thick ditto, five quires' fprls. ; large commer- Wind " announced in our last number, was produced here on Monday cial ditto, 3s. (3d. per ream j thick cream-laid envelopes, 6d. per 100 ; evening, and has been played during the week with the most decided large blue office ditto, is. Gd. per 1,000, or 5,000 for 21s. 6d. Superfine and unequivocal success. The subject is artistically worked up, and it blue foolscap, 10s. 6d. per ream ; straw paper, 2s. Gd. per ream ; good forms au admirable vehicle for the saltatory genius, of the Xieclereq copy-books (40 pages), 2s. per dozen. Illustrated Price-list post-free. are exhibited in this well-conceived production Copy address—Partridge find Cozens, manufacturing stationers No. 1 family, whose powers ~ , , to the greatest advantage. This novelty, together with the sterling at- Chancery-lane, and 192, Fleet-street, E.C.— [JLdvertisemerit.\ tractions of Miss Amy Sedgwick, and the original and racy charac- Greyness, baldness, and other diseases or the hair, their cause and re- terisations of the lessee himself—-Mr. Buckstone, who in his- own line medy, with " Hints on the Hair, its care and culiire," by F.M.Herring, is unique—present an ensemble that nightly dra ws together, delighted 32, Basinghall-street, I/ondon ; post free, 6d. " A very useful little as well as crowded and fashionable audiences. Next Monday will be treatise, that may be consulted with advatange, conveying a consider- ' produced a new comedy, entitled Hoinanc'e and Jt 'ealift/, by Mr. Joh n able amount of information respecting the beneficial effects to be de- Brougham. rived from the proper care and cultivation of the hair.—Morning Herald. __ \ . ¦ ¦ TIIK ' TEMriSKAXl. -K K1ISKL CASK: CiOUGII V. I.K1CS, Alcohol Food ? Three Letters by Dr. Lees, J Is and tin artic le liy Professor PEASELBY , ' in repl y to tlio theories of Mr. G. Mw ' ' Tj RWES , recentl y revived by the Aliuicf tester /. ¦'.{¦ttmin er: ami aii . iins\v(T to the I mpressions of an Outsider.. . 84 pages, 8d. post late, .ittack upon Dr. LEKS ,. l>y that 'paper. ]'ost r free , from Dr. 1-.KK."1, L eeds , . r*- free. ¦ *' The ' Outsider ' displays i- ITEYV WORK BY THE EEV. DB. C CTJI M IKC r . he Westniilister Review. Ne"vi7 n^lic NeAvs : Banker's - ' Journal This day in crown Svo. 7s. (HI. T Series :.—No. XXXVI., O CTOIVEK , 18(10. --°- Iii .^uriiiu-c, "Mi jiiir^, l? nil\ vay, anil Joint Stnrl' C onipiiuy 's i.'oview. A Joiirn.it specisilly C'ONTICSTS : • i.luntillcd with ption Dra \veth Nigh .; t!ie ediic-iitcil, ilu- wealthy, mid the " ' wcll-to-ilo "' scetiou - Redem ¦{ .' I . jS'ioo-C'iirJi ^i'i.vxiTV . of soriety. " The Lo'tfers