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Morfologia E Anatomia De Paspalum L. (Poaceae, Poales) E Suas Implicações Taxonômicas

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Morfologia E Anatomia De Paspalum L. (Poaceae, Poales) E Suas Implicações Taxonômicas UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA “JÚLIO DE MESQUITA FILHO” INSTITUTO DE BIOCIÊNCIAS - RIO CLARO PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS BIOLÓGICAS BIOLOGIA VEGETAL Morfologia e anatomia de Paspalum L. (Poaceae, Poales) e suas implicações taxonômicas MAYRA TERUYA EICHEMBERG Tese apresentada ao Instituto de Biociências do Campus de Rio Claro, Universidade Estadual Paulista, como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do título de Doutora em Ciências Biológicas (Biologia Vegetal). Novembro - 2012 UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA “JÚLIO DE MESQUITA FILHO” INSTITUTO DE BIOCIÊNCIAS - RIO CLARO PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS BIOLÓGICAS BIOLOGIA VEGETAL Morfologia e anatomia de Paspalum L. (Poaceae, Poales) e suas implicações taxonômicas MAYRA TERUYA EICHEMBERG Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Vera Lucia Scatena Tese apresentada ao Instituto de Biociências do Campus de Rio Claro, Universidade Estadual Paulista, como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do título de Doutora em Ciências Biológicas (Biologia Vegetal). Novembro - 2012 i À Kazuko Teruya Eichemberg, amada mãe In memoriam ii AGRADECIMENTOS Agradeço à Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina pelo apoio financeiro e logístico para a realização do doutorado. Ao Departamento de Botânica do Instituto de Biociências, UNESP/Rio Claro, pelo apoio e infraestrutura disponibilizada para o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa. Ao CNPq pela bolsa de Doutorado Sanduíche do Programa “Ciência sem Fronteira” (202080/2011-0) para a realização do estágio na Alemanha. Ao Lehrstuhl für Evolution und Biodiversität der Pflanzen, Ruhr Universität Bochum, na pessoa do Dr. Thomas Stützel, pela oportunidade e apoio logístico para o desenvolvimento do estágio na Alemanha. Agradeço, em especial, à Dra. Vera Lucia Scatena pela orientação, dedicação e oportunidades oferecidas. Ao Dr. Thomas Stützel pelos ensinamentos, incentivo e supervisão durante meu estágio na Alemanha. Ao Dr. José Francisco Montenegro Valls pela identificação e fornecimento do material e pelas contribuições que enriqueceram os trabalhos. Ao Msc Nelson Eduardo Prestes (EPAGRI) pela ajuda na coleta das plantas. Aos professores do Departamento de Botânica pelo aprendizado, apoio e encorajamento ao longo desses quase quatro anos de convivência. Aos funcionários do Departamento de Botânica, em especial Célia Maria Hebling (secretária) e Ari Pesce (téc. laboratório), pela ajuda e amizade. A todos da Lehrstuhl für Evolution und Biodiversität der Pflanzen, em especial Hanno Boeddinghaus (técnico em informática), Petra Lerch (secretária), Sabine Adler (técnica de iii laboratório) e Missiani Ciochetta (mestranda) pela ajuda, carinho e paciência. Vocês tornaram minha estada em Bochum muito mais alegre e proveitosa. Aos colegas Henrique Tozzi pela ajuda técnica em informática e no laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal, Aline Oriani pela ajuda e apoio durante meu estágio na Alemanha e auxílio no Laboratório de Anatomia, e Fernando Moraes pela ajuda com as análises (cluster, UPGMA) e pelas agradáveis discussões científicas e não científicas. A todos os colegas do curso de Pós-graduação e do Laboratório de Anatomia Vegetal pelas trocas de experiências, discussões, amizade e companheirismo. Cada um de vocês está no meu coração... eu os levarei comigo, sempre! Às amigas que estiveram presentes desde o início do doutorado, Camila Kissmann (irmã de coração) e Shirley Martins (amiga querida) pelas inestimáveis ajudas no laboratório, pela parceria e força, fundamentais para a superação dos momentos difíceis, e que contribuíram muito para meu crescimento pessoal e profissional. Sou especialmente grata à minha família pelo apoio incondicional, confiança e paciência. As conquistas pessoais e profissionais que alcancei, eu devo, em grande parte, a vocês! “É preciso ter um caos dentro de si, para poder dar à luz uma estrela dançante” Friedrich Nietzsche iv ÍNDICE Página 1. RESUMO.............................................................................................................................01 2. ABSTRACT.........................................................................................................................02 3. INTRODUÇÃO GERAL....................................................................................................03 4. LITERATURA CITADA...................................................................................................06 CAPÍTULO 1. Morphology and anatomy of the diaspores and post-seminal development of Paspalum (Poaceae, Poales)....................................................................................................12 Resumo.....................................................................................................................................13 Abstract....................................................................................................................................14 Introdução................................................................................................................................14 Material e Método...................................................................................................................16 Resultados................................................................................................................................17 Discussão..................................................................................................................................19 Referências...............................................................................................................................22 Ilustrações................................................................................................................................27 CAPÍTULO 2. Anatomy of leaves and culms of Paspalum (Poaceae, Poales) and its taxonomic importance...............................................................................................................32 Resumo.....................................................................................................................................33 Abstract....................................................................................................................................34 Introdução................................................................................................................................34 Material e Método...................................................................................................................36 Resultados................................................................................................................................37 Discussão..................................................................................................................................39 Referências...............................................................................................................................44 Tabelas.....................................................................................................................................48 Ilustrações................................................................................................................................51 v CAPÍTULO 3. Paspalum barretoi Canto-Dorow, Valls & Longhi-Wagner e P. minus E. Fourn. (Poaceae): caracteres anatômicos na delimitação das espécies..................................60 Resumo.....................................................................................................................................61 Introdução................................................................................................................................62 Material e Método...................................................................................................................63 Resultados................................................................................................................................64 Discussão..................................................................................................................................66 Referências...............................................................................................................................67 Ilustrações................................................................................................................................71 CAPÍTULO 4. Caracteres micromorfológicos e anatômicos das estruturas reprodutivas do complexo Dilatata (Paspalum, Poaceae) e suas implicações taxonômicas.............................76 Resumo.....................................................................................................................................77 Introdução................................................................................................................................78 Material e Método...................................................................................................................79 Resultados................................................................................................................................80 Discussão..................................................................................................................................82 Referências...............................................................................................................................85 Tabelas.....................................................................................................................................90 Ilustrações................................................................................................................................92
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