Arthropod Pest Management in Organic Celery and Zucchini
Surendra Dara PhD, DAIT Strawberry and Vegetable Crops Advisor University of California Cooperative Extension [email protected]
UCCE Ventura, 10 May, 2018
@calstrawberries @calveggies strawberriesvegetables eJournals: ucanr.edu/strawberries-vegetables and ucanr.edu/pestnews Download “IPMinfo” for iOS and Android devices Root aphids in organic celery
Rice root aphid, Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominale Honeysuckle aphid, Hyadaphis foeniculi
Photo by Brian Cabrera Photo by A. Jensen, aphid.aphidnet.org Root aphids in organic celery
Treatments 1. Untreated control 2. Ecotec (rosemary oil 10% and peppermint oil 2%) 19.2 fl oz + Kinetic (silicone and non- ionic surfactants) 12 fl oz 3. AzaGuard (azadirachtin) 6.3 fl oz + OroBoost (alcohol ethoxylate) 20 fl oz 4. Mycotrol-O (Beauveria bassiana) 1.5 qrt 5. Mycotrol-O 1.5 qrt + AzaGuard 6.3 fl oz 6. Venerate (Burkholderia spp.) 2 gal 7. Grandevo (Chromobacterium subtsugae) 2 lb
Application Through drip (250 gal for 40-45 min) Plot size 4 beds (0.3 acre) Sampling 10 plants from 4 parts of each plot Treated on December 9 and 23, 2014 Root aphids before and after treatments
Pre-treatment Post-treatment 40
a a 30 a a b ab 20 c abc abc
bc 10 c d c d Mean number of aphids/plant
0
Tukey’s HSD P < 0.0001 Percent change in root aphid numbers
Change after two applications 150
100 treatment - 50
0
-50 Percent change from pre -100 Conclusions
Conclusions • Combination of certain products is more effective than using them alone • Effective pest control can be achieved with non-chemical control options Arthropod pests in zucchini
Western flower thrips, Pacific spider mite, Tetranychus pacificus Frankliniella occidentalis
Aphids Arthropod pests in zucchini
Silverleaf whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Zucchini pest management
1 Untreated control 2 Sivanto 200 SL 14 fl oz 3 Sequoia 2.5 fl oz 4 Venerate XC 4 qrt 5 PFR-97 20% WDG 2 lb 6 I1800A 10.3 fl oz 7 I1800A 12.7 fl oz 8 I1800A 17.1 fl oz 9 I1800A 20.5 fl oz 10 VST-00634LC 25% • Spray volume 50 gpa (25 gpa for treatment 10) • Treatments were applied on 8/28 and 9/4/17 Using a tractor-mounted sprayer with 3 Teejet 8003vs flat spray nozzles • Pest counts were made on 8/28, 9/1, and 9/8/17 from a 2 square inch disc from each of 5 leaves/plot Zucchini pest management
Aphids
Pre-treat. Post I Spray Post II Spray
4
3
2
1 Number/5 leaf discs 0
Aphids
Post I Spray Post II Spray
0
-20 treatment - -40
-60
-80
-100 % Change from prefrom % Change
Tukey’s HSD P < 0.05 Zucchini pest management
Silverleaf whitefly eggs Silverleaf whitefly nymphs
Pre-treat. Post I Spray Post II Spray Pre-treat. Post I Spray Post II Spray
1000 600 a 800 500 400 600 ab a ab 300 400 abc abc ab abc a abc 200 ab ab abc ab ab ab 200 ab ab ab ab c c ab bc ab 100 Number/5 leaf discs Number/5 leaf discs b b b ab b 0 0
Silverleaf whitefly eggs Silverleaf whitefly nymphs
Post I Spray Post II Spray Post I Spray Post II Spray
500 1900 400 treatment treatment 1400 - - 1093.8 300 955.4 900 200
374.9 100 324.3 400 223.6 135.4 49.1 0
-100 -34.9 -35.2 -100 % Change from prefrom % Change % Change from prefrom % Change
Tukey’s HSD P < 0.05 Zucchini pest management
Western flower thrips nymphs
Pre-treat. Post I Spray Post II Spray
4
3
2 a
ab ab 1 ab ab ab Number/5 leaf discs ab ab b ab 0
Western flower thrips nymphs
Post I Spray Post II Spray
20 0
treatment -20 - -40 -60 -80 -100 % Change from prefrom % Change
Tukey’s HSD P < 0.05 Zucchini pest management
Pacific spider mite eggs Pacific spider mite mobile stages
Pre-treat. Post I Spray Post II Spray Pre-treat. Post I Spray Post II Spray
10 10 a 8 8 ab ab 6 6 ab ab 4 4 ab b b b b 2 2 Number/5 leaf discs Number/5 leaf discs 0 0
Pacific spider mite eggs Pacific spider mite mobile stages
Post I Spray Post II Spray Post I Spray Post II Spray
140 120
100 80 treatment - treatment - 60 40
20 0
-20 -40
-60 -80 % Change from prefrom % Change % Change from prefrom % Change
Tukey’s HSD P < 0.05 Zucchini pest management
All arthropod pests
Pre-treat. Post I Spray Post II Spray
1400 a
1200 ab 1000 ab a 800 ab ab ab abc a 600 ab abc abc ab ab 400 ab ab ababc c bc ab ab c b ab c ab 200 b b Number/5 leaf discs b 0
All arthropod pests
Post I Spray Post II Spray
600 500
treatment 400 - 300 200 100 0 -100 % Change from prefrom % Change
Tukey’s HSD P < 0.05 Conclusions • Aphid, thrips, and mite numbers declined and whitefly numbers increased during the study period • Control efficacy varied among pesticides • Chemical Very good • Microbial Moderate • Botanical Moderate to good • Biological Good • All pesticides can play an important role in IPM Thank you! Growers, collaborators, and technicians Oleg for the invitation
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