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The Islamic Movement in Israel: Ideology Vs
Center for Open Access in Science ▪ https://www.centerprode.com/ojsh.html Open Journal for Studies in History, 2021, 4(1), 11-24. ISSN (Online) 2620-066X ▪ https://doi.org/10.32591/coas.ojsh.0401.02011s _________________________________________________________________________ The Islamic Movement in Israel: Ideology vs. Pragmatism David Schwartz Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, ISRAEL Department of Political Science Daniel Galily South-West University “Neofit Rilski”, Blagoevgrad, BULGARIA Faculty of Philosophy, Department of Philosophical and Political Sciences Received: 24 February 2021 ▪ Accepted: 28 April 2021 ▪ Published Online: 2 May 2021 Abstract This study aims to present the Islamic Movement in Israel, its ideology and pragmatism. With progress and modernization, the Islamic movements in the Middle East realized that they could not deny progress, so they decided to join the mainstream and take advantage of technological progress in their favor. The movement maintains at least one website in which it publishes its way, and guides the audience. Although these movements seem to maintain a rigid ideology, they adapt themselves to reality with the help of many tools, because they have realized that reality is stronger than they are. The main points in the article are: The Status of Religion in Israel; The Legal Status of Muslim Sharia in Israel; Personal status according to Israeli law; The establishment of the Islamic Movement in Israel – Historical Background; The crystallization of movement; Theoretical Background – The Theory of Pragmatism; Ideology and goals of the Islamic Movement in Israel; The background to the split in the movement – the opposition to pragmatism; How the ideology of the movement is expressed in its activity? The movement’s attitudes toward the Israeli elections, the Oslo Accords and the armed struggle against Israel; How does pragmatism manifest itself in the movement’s activities? Keywords: Islamic Movement, Israel, ideology, pragmatism. -
Israel 2020 Human Rights Report
ISRAEL 2020 HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Israel is a multiparty parliamentary democracy. Although it has no constitution, its parliament, the unicameral 120-member Knesset, has enacted a series of “Basic Laws” that enumerate fundamental rights. Certain fundamental laws, orders, and regulations legally depend on the existence of a “state of emergency,” which has been in effect since 1948. Under the Basic Laws, the Knesset has the power to dissolve itself and mandate elections. On March 2, Israel held its third general election within a year, which resulted in a coalition government. On December 23, following the government’s failure to pass a budget, the Knesset dissolved itself, which paved the way for new elections scheduled for March 23, 2021. Under the authority of the prime minister, the Israeli Security Agency combats terrorism and espionage in Israel, the West Bank, and Gaza. The national police, including the border police and the immigration police, are under the authority of the Ministry of Public Security. The Israeli Defense Forces are responsible for external security but also have some domestic security responsibilities and report to the Ministry of Defense. Israeli Security Agency forces operating in the West Bank fall under the Israeli Defense Forces for operations and operational debriefing. Civilian authorities maintained effective control over the security services. The Israeli military and civilian justice systems have on occasion found members of the security forces to have committed abuses. Significant human -
2014 Gaza War Assessment: the New Face of Conflict
2014 Gaza War Assessment: The New Face of Conflict A report by the JINSA-commissioned Gaza Conflict Task Force March 2015 — Task Force Members, Advisors, and JINSA Staff — Task Force Members* General Charles Wald, USAF (ret.), Task Force Chair Former Deputy Commander of United States European Command Lieutenant General William B. Caldwell IV, USA (ret.) Former Commander, U.S. Army North Lieutenant General Richard Natonski, USMC (ret.) Former Commander of U.S. Marine Corps Forces Command Major General Rick Devereaux, USAF (ret.) Former Director of Operational Planning, Policy, and Strategy - Headquarters Air Force Major General Mike Jones, USA (ret.) Former Chief of Staff, U.S. Central Command * Previous organizational affiliation shown for identification purposes only; no endorsement by the organization implied. Advisors Professor Eliot Cohen Professor of Strategic Studies, Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University Lieutenant Colonel Geoffrey Corn, USA (ret.) Presidential Research Professor of Law, South Texas College of Law, Houston JINSA Staff Dr. Michael Makovsky Chief Executive Officer Dr. Benjamin Runkle Director of Programs Jonathan Ruhe Associate Director, Gemunder Center for Defense and Strategy Maayan Roitfarb Programs Associate Ashton Kunkle Gemunder Center Research Assistant . — Table of Contents — 2014 GAZA WAR ASSESSMENT: Executive Summary I. Introduction 7 II. Overview of 2014 Gaza War 8 A. Background B. Causes of Conflict C. Strategies and Concepts of Operations D. Summary of Events -
International Commissions of Inquiry and Palestine: Overview and Impact
Al-Haq Center for Applied International Law INTERNATIONAL COMMISSIONS OF INQUIRY AND PALESTINE: OVERVIEW AND IMPACT STUDY ANALYSIS Al-Haq Center for Applied International Law © 2016 Al-Haq Center for Applied International Law 33 Main Street - Latin Patriarchate Building , 3rd Floor P.O.Box: 1413 - Ramallah - West Bank - Palestine Tel: + 972 (0) 2 2954646/7/9 Fax: + 972 (0) 2 2985858 www.alhaq.org TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 4 1. Commissions Of Inquiry And Palestine – Origin And Framework .......................... 5 1.1 The longstanding lack of accountability for violations of international law in the context of Author: Alessandro Tonutti - PhD Student at Leiden University and Scuola Palestine and the need for international independent investigations. ............................................. 5 Superiore Sant’Anna (Pisa). 1.2 Commissions of Inquiry/Fact-Finding Missions as instruments under international law. ............ 7 ISBN: 978-9950-327-50-4 1.3 Defining the object of the study: commissions of inquiry and fact-finding missions established with Design Hamza Dado regard to the OPT (2000 - 2015). .................................................................................................... 11 Commissioned By: : Al-Haq Center for Applied International Law - © All Rights Reserved 2. Comparative thematic analysis of comissions of inquiry established in the opt (2000-2015) ....................................................................................................................... 14 2.1 Overview of the work of the commissions of inquiry in the opt (2000-2015) ........... 14 2.2 A ‘thematic comparative analysis’ of the different commissions of inquiry ............. 36 Alessandro Tonutti – Short Bio Alessandro Tonutti obtained a Master Degree in Law at Luiss Guido Carli University of Rome in 2010 and a LL.M in Public International Law at Leiden University in 2011. He is currently writing his PhD on 3. -
The Islamic Movement in Israel
Published online 16 November 2017 Journal of Islamic Studies 29:1 (2018) pp. 48–78 doi:10.1093/jis/etx078 THE POLITICS OF CLAIMING AND REPRESENTATION: THE ISLAMIC MOVEMENT IN ISRAEL MANSOUR NASASRAÃ Department of Politics and Government, Ben Gurion University of the Negev THE EVOLUTION OF THE ISLAMIC MOVEMENT IN ISRAEL The Islamic Movement inside the Green Line, referred to by its leaders as al-Earaka al-Isl:miyya f; al-Dakh;l al-Filas3;n;, emerged in specific and complicated circumstances during the 1970s: its main ideology is that ‘Islam is the solution’.1 Since its inception, the Movement has been considered as one of the main political trends amongst the Palestinian minority in Israel. Referring to the Palestinian minority in Israel, the Movement uses in its official media and publication the term ‘Palestinians of 1948’ or ‘the Palestinians in al-Dakh;l al-Filas3;n;’. The Movement enjoys growing community support across Arab towns and villages from the north to the south, and as a result of its successes is gaining more power at both municipal and local government level. Despite its split into two factions in the 1990s,2 and its ongoing controversial and unstable relationship with the Israeli authorities, the Movement has maintained its popularity, community bases, and influ- ence, although as Saleh Lutfi argues, it is perceived as a ‘minority amongst the minority’.3 Ã Author note: I am very grateful to Bruce Stanley, Mandy Turner, Clara Gallagher, Tilde Rosmer, Larbi Sadiki, and Nadera Shalhoub-Kevorkian for reading and commenting on an earlier version of this paper. -
On the Potential for Improved Conflict Resolution
ON THE POTENTIAL FOR IMPROVED CONFLICT RESOLUTION THROUGH ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN PALESTINE An Undergraduate Research Scholars Thesis by HUNTER HAMPTON Submitted to Honors and Undergraduate Research Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the designation as an UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH SCHOLAR Approved by Research Advisor: Dr. Ashley Passmore May 2015 Major: International Studies Economics TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................................. 1 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ............................................................................................................ 2 NOMENCLATURE ..................................................................................................................... 3 CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................ 5 II. METHODS ......................................................................................................... 12 III. RESULTS ........................................................................................................... 16 IV. CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................................ 31 a. Israel .............................................................................................................. 31 b. Palestine ....................................................................................................... -
Protecting the Status of the Temple Mount in Jerusalem for All
The old status quo on the Temple Mount no longer exists and has lost its relevance. It has changed substantially according to a host of key parameters in a manner that has greatly enhanced the status of Muslims on the Mount and greatly undermined the status of Israeli Jews at the site. The situation on the Temple Mount continues to change periodically. The most blatant examples are the strengthening of Jordan’s position, the takeover of the Mount by the Northern Branch of the Islamic Movement in Israel and then its removal, and the severe curtailment of visits by Jews on the Mount. Protecting the Status of the At the same time, one of the core elements of the old status quo – the prohibition against Temple Mount in Jerusalem Jews praying on the Temple Mount – is strictly maintained. It appears that this is the most for All stable element in the original status quo. Unfortunately, the principle of freedom of Nadav Shragai religion for all faiths to visit and pray on the Temple Mount does not exist there today. Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs Protecting the Status of the Temple Mount in Jerusalem for All Nadav Shragai Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs 2016 Read this book online: http://jcpa.org/status-quo-temple-mount/ Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs Beit Milken, 13 Tel Hai St., Jerusalem, 92107, Israel Email: [email protected] Tel: 972-2-561-9281 Fax: 972-2-561-9112 © 2016 by Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs Cover image by Andrew Shiva ISBN: 978-965-218-131-2 Contents Introduction: The Temple Mount as a Catalyst for Palestinian Violence 5 Major Findings 11 The Role of the Temple Mount in the Summer 2014 Terror Wave 13 Changes on the Temple Mount following the October 2015 Terror Wave 19 The Status Quo in 1967: The Arrangement and Its Components 21 Prominent Changes in the Status Quo 27 1. -
Middle Eastern Politics & Culture
Middle Eastern Politics & Culture: TODAY & YESTERDAY By Origins: Current Events in Historical Perspective origins.osu.edu Table of Contents Page Chapter 1: Middle Eastern Politics 1 The Secular Roots of a Religious Divide in Contemporary Iraq 2 A New View on the Israeli-Palestine Conflict: From Needs to Narrative to Negotiation 15 Erdoğan’s Presidential Dreams, Turkey’s Constitutional Politics 28 Clampdown and Blowback: How State Repression Has Radicalized Islamist Groups in Egypt 40 A Fresh Start for Pakistan? 51 Alawites and the Fate of Syria 63 Syria's Islamic Movement and the 2011-12 Uprising 75 From Gaza to Jerusalem: Is the Two State Solution under Siege? 88 The Long, Long Struggle for Women's Rights in Afghanistan 101 Egypt Once Again Bans the Muslim Brotherhood, Sixty Years Later 112 Understanding the Middle East 115 Afghanistan: Past and Prospects 116 Ataturk: An Intellectual Biography 117 A History of Iran: Empire of the Mind 120 Chapter 2: Water and the Middle East 123 Baptized in the Jordan: Restoring a Holy River 124 Who Owns the Nile? Egypt, Sudan, and Ethiopia’s History-Changing Dam 139 Outdoing Panama: Turkey’s ‘Crazy’ Plan to Build an Istanbul Canal 150 Chapter 3: Islam, Christianity, and Culture in the Middle East 163 Two Popes and a Primate: The Changing Face of Global Christianity 164 What's in a Name?: The Meaning of “Muslim Fundamentalist” 177 Tradition vs Charisma: The Sunni-Shi'i Divide in the Muslim World 185 The Dangers of Being a Humorist: Charlie Hebdo Is Not Alone 192 Civilizations of Ancient Iraq 196 Chapter 4: Maps and Charts 200 About Origins 222 Chapter 1 Middle Eastern Politics (Image: Siria Bosra by Jose Javier Martin Esparto, Flickr.com (CC BY-NC- SA 2.0)) Section 1 The Secular Roots of a Religious Divide in Contemporary Iraq EDITOR’S NOTE: By STACY E. -
Shaikh Raed Salah Accuses Non-Israelis of Trying to Ban Him from Al-Aqsa Mosque ۱۰:۱۲ - ۱۳۹۴/۰۱/۰۸
Shaikh Raed Salah accuses non-Israelis of trying to ban him from Al-Aqsa Mosque ۱۰:۱۲ - ۱۳۹۴/۰۱/۰۸ The leader of the Northern Branch of the Islamic Movement in Israel said on Thursday that a court's decision to imprison him is intended to keep him away from Al-Aqsa Mosque, in which Israelis want to allocate time for Jewish prayers. Shaikh Raed Salah insisted that it is also a way of increasing illegal settlements in Jerusalem; he accused non-Israeli parties, which he did not identify, of being behind this move to keep him away from the Noble Sanctuary. Speaking to Anadolu , Shaikh Raed said that the foreigners have "formed an alliance" with Israel to block Palestinian defence of Al-Aqsa from Israeli incursions. When asked if the non-Israelis were Arabs, he declined to elaborate further, saying only that the parties want to deter Palestinian efforts to defend the holy mosque against Israeli aggression. Pointing out that Israel's right-wing government has chosen a critical time to imprison him for 11 months, just as Jewish institutions are attacking Jerusalem, particularly Al-Aqsa Mosque, he noted that Palestinian areas inside Israel are also being threatened. "The most serious threat against Al-Aqsa Mosque are calls to destroy it and build a Temple structure in its place," Shaikh Salah explained. An Israeli court in Jerusalem sentenced him to 11 months in prison for "inciting violence" during a mosque sermon he gave in 2007. "Our warnings are not random," said the Palestinian leader, "and we stress that the future Israeli government's plan for Jerusalem are to divide the city and undermine the Palestinian existence there." He pointed out that Israel attacks him because he defends Al-Aqsa Mosque and Islamic heritage. -
Coventry City Council Blank Template
8.6.2 Public report abc Cabinet Member Report Cabinet Member Meeting 9 September 2010 Council 14 September 2010 Name of Cabinet Member: Cabinet Member (Policy and Governance) – Councillor John Mutton Director Approving Submission of the report: Assistant Chief Executive Ward(s) affected: None Title: Response to petition submitted on the end of the siege of Gaza Is this a key decision? No Executive Summary: A petition about ending the siege of Gaza was submitted to Council on 6 July 2010 by Councillor Nellist on behalf of 287 signatories. The petition asks Coventry City Council to protest to the Israeli authorities on behalf of the city about the killing of aid volunteers during the attack on a flotilla of ships attempting to break the blockade of Gaza and to demand the end of the blockade. The petition was referred to the Cabinet Member for Policy and Governance. In the intervening period there has been some easing of the blockade of Gaza and the resumption of direct Israel- Palestinian peace talks in September 2010 has been announced. This report sets out a brief summary of the background to the current position in Gaza and of the UK government's position, which is in-line with the petition, and asks the Cabinet Member for Policy and Governance to recommend to Council that he should to write as Leader of the Council to the Israeli Ambassador to deplore the loss of life during the assault on the Gaza flotilla; welcome the resumption of direct peace talks and ask Israel to lift the restrictions on access to Gaza (as set out in UN Security Council Resolution 1860). -
Israel (Includes West Bank and Gaza) 2020 International Religious Freedom Report
ISRAEL (INCLUDES WEST BANK AND GAZA) 2020 INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM REPORT Executive Summary The country’s laws and Supreme Court rulings protect the freedoms of conscience, faith, religion, and worship, regardless of an individual’s religious affiliation. The 1992 Basic Law: Human Dignity and Liberty describes the country as a “Jewish and democratic state.” The 2018 Basic Law: Israel – The Nation State of the Jewish People law determines, according to the government, that “the Land of Israel is the historical homeland of the Jewish people; the State of Israel is the nation state of the Jewish People, in which it realizes its natural, cultural, religious and historical right to self-determination; and exercising the right to national self- determination in the State of Israel is unique to the Jewish People.” In June, authorities charged Zion Cohen for carrying out attacks on May 17 on religious institutions in Petah Tikva, Ashdod, Tel Aviv, and Kfar Saba. According to his indictment, Cohen sought to stop religious institutions from providing services to secular individuals, thereby furthering his goal of separating religion and the state. He was awaiting trial at year’s end. In July, the Haifa District Court upheld the 2019 conviction and sentencing for incitement of Raed Salah, head of the prohibited Islamic Movement, for speaking publicly in favor an attack by the group in 2017 that killed two police officers at the Haram al-Sharif/Temple Mount. In his defense, Salah stated that his views were religious opinions rooted in the Quran and that they did not include a direct call to violence. -
Cartoons and the New Anti-Semitism
Copyright is owned by the Author of the thesis. Permission is given for a copy to be downloaded by an individual for the purpose of research and private study only. The thesis may not be reproduced elsewhere without the permission of the Author. Cartoons and the new anti-Semitism A thesis presented in fulÀ lment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Design at Massey University College of Creative Arts Wellington New Zealand Steven W. Smith 2012 Cartoons and the new anti-Semitism | Abstract ii Abstract This thesis examines how the use of the Star of David symbol in cartoons published in the three months following the May 31, 2010 Gaza Á otilla incident reÁ ects a global new anti-Semitism. The objective is to identify and examine how particular signiÀ ers in editorial-style cartoons are used to communicate an anti-Semitic message. Over the three-month period immediately following the Á otilla incident the mechanical and automatic retrieval method, Google Alerts captured cartoons published internationally on the Internet each day. Roland Barthes’ theory of systematic semiotic analysis was employed to examine visual aspects of cartoons for signs which connoted anti- Semitic messages against a framework of criteria drawn from a synthesis of recognised deÀ nitions of anti-Semitism. The research supports claims that a new anti-Semitism has spread into the consciousness of mainstream culture. The research suggests that criticism of Israel via the medium of cartoons can cross the line from legitimate criticism to established anti-Semitic manifestations. Cartoons and the new anti-Semitism | Acknowledgements iii Acknowledgements Thank you to: Massey University’s Associate Professor Claire Robinson and Patricia Thomas for their supervision and guidance throughout this thesis, my parents for their unfailing support, my young children who sacriÀ ced time with their father during the course of researching and writing, my cherished wife, Deborah, whose loving sacriÀ ces made the undertaking of this thesis possible.