RenderThe International Magazine of Rendering August 2018 Staying the Course In Europe

European Renderers Processed More in 2017

EPA Increases Renewable Fuel Volumes




            
   
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The tools to build a sustainable world Contents August 2018 Volume 47, Number 4

Features 10 Staying the Course In Europe 12 European Renderers Processed more material in 2017 16 Biofuels, Regulations, and Trucking On renderers’ minds On the Cover p. 10 European renderers continue 23 Feedstock Availability to work toward opening more Key to growth in oleofuels markets for their products.

Departments 6 View from Washington Editorial Offices Playing a game of trade tariff chicken. 1621 Glen Dr. Placerville, CA 95667 RENDER 8 Newsline Phone: (530) 306-6792 TheThe International National Magazine Magazine of of Rendering Rendering California regulations are complex. [email protected] www.rendermagazine.com 18 From the Association Renderers speak up in Washington. Editor and Publisher Tina Caparella Associate Editor James McGibbon 20 Biofuels Bulletin EPA increases renewable fuel obligations. Magazine Production Sierra Publishing

Contact the National Renderers Association at 22 International Report 500 Montgomery St., Ste. 310, Alexandria, VA 22314 OIE and WRO working together. (703) 683-0155 Fax (571) 970-2279 [email protected] 24 FPRF Research Wrap-up www.nationalrenderers.org Innovation in rendering—dos and dont’s. Render (ISSN 0090-8932) is published bimonthly under 26 the auspices of the National Renderers Association by Labor and the Law Sierra Publishing, 1621 Glen Dr., Placerville, CA 95667 EPA authority over pits, ponds, and lagoons. as a public service to the North American and global rendering industry. It is intended to provide a vehicle 27 Mark Your Calendar for exchange of ideas and information pertaining to the rendering and the associated industries. Render 28 People, Places, and... is distributed free of charge to qualified individuals upon written request. Publisher reserves the right to determine qualification. Periodical postage paid for at 32 Classifieds Camino, CA, and additional mailing offices.

© 2018 All rights reserved. Printed in USA

POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Render, P.O. Box 1319, Camino, CA 95709-1319.

4 August 2018 Render www.rendermagazine.com Rendertorial

Traveling can be daunting or thrilling depending on one’s perspecve and experience. It is oenmes very necessary, however, in order to conduct business. Renderers from around the world obviously felt that way in June 300-GALLON as hundreds of individuals converged GREASE CONTAINER in Barcelona, Spain, to attend the European Fat Processors and Renderers +


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  discover new or improved products and technologies, or learn of needs a company or industry might be facing. It is also an opportunity to strengthen Know someone who should be receiving Render? relaonships or build new ones. If so, then pass along the FREE subscription card Since bovine spongiform between pages 12-13. Or direct them to our encephalopathy emerged in Europe over 20 years ago, European renderers have website at www.rendermagazine.com/subscribe. been like salmon—swimming against the current in a river of regulaons and obstacles to meet the ultimate goal of producing and providing safe and nutrious feed ingredients. While at mes the struggle has been relentless and never ending, the industry is now Pressurized and Atmospheric Deaerators making headway in collecng, processing, and Condensate Recovery Equipment and ulizing more rendered products as feed, fuel, and industrial ingredients. With a new leader at the helm of their associaon, European renderers Zero Flash remain diligent as they work with other High Pressure industries to prove that processed Condensate System animal proteins and fats are sustainable, • Continuous or Batch Cookers nutrious, and necessary in a region that • Evaporators is a net importer of feed ingredients. • Closed Loop System • Industrial Grade Components Another important gathering is • Fuel Savings/carbon Reductions approaching—the Naonal Renderers • Reduce Wastewater Association 85th Annual Convention • Improves Boiler Efficiency in Laguna Niguel, California, October • Complete Boiler Room Installation 22–26. The event will feature industry • Factory Trained Service Technicians • 50 Years Rendering Experience movers and shakers, like Randy Stuewe, chairman and chief executive officer of Darling Ingredients Inc.; Cameron Bruett, sustainability and corporate affairs at JBS USA; and Donnell Rehagen, 1403 SW 7th Street, Atlantic, Iowa 50022 chief execuve officer of the Naonal Biodiesel Board, among others. Check (712) 243-5300 out convenon.naonalrenderers.org. R WWW.INDUSTRIALSTEAM.COM www.rendermagazine.com Render August 2018 5 View from Washington By Steve Kopperud, SLK Strategies

Playing a Game of Trade Tariff Chicken

While the rest of America is laser focused on whether the United States (US) Senate will confirm President Donald Ground zero in all of this trade tit-for- Trump’s nominaon of federal Appeals Court Judge Bre tat is China. The United States’ $375.2 Kavanaugh to the US Supreme Court, those folks broadly called billion trade deficit with the world’s agriculture—including renderers—will be focused on: (1) how second largest economy sticks in long Trump’s tariff tsunami will connue; and (2) whether Trump’s craw and he wants it gone. Congress will enact a 2018 farm bill before September 30, when current law expires. As far as Congress is concerned, the dog days of August are Representave Paul Ryan (R-WI), processed dairy is targeted; gone in a midterm elecon year. The House of Representaves because Senator Mitch McConnell (R-KY) is Senate Majority will eagerly depart Washington, DC, for its five-week summer leader, Kentucky bourbon figures prominently on most recess, not returning unl September 4 as all 435 members retaliaon lists. are up for reelecon. The Senate declared itself the more “These are products with polical implicaons in districts responsible chamber and intends to work all but one week where important House members and Senators have been during August, given the Kavanaugh nominaon and the fact raising concerns to President Trump,” explained Mexico’s there are more vulnerable Democrats up for reelecon than Secretary of Economy Ildefonso Guajardo of his country’s tariff Republicans. Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell (R-KY) list, on which ag imports figure prominently. “At the end of the smells a possible pickup of at least three or four seats come day, the effect of this will fall over voters that live in districts November 6, 2018. that have a voice and a vote in Congress.” Meanwhile, the president has completely reset the Mexico also provides a template to the rest of the world game board of US exports for just about every industry. HIs for how to effecvely wage a tariff war. The Mexicans are astute decision to threaten China with up to $450 billion in new at the “carousel” tariff game, in which the list of commodies levies to stem that naon’s “forced transfer” of intellectual shis over me as does the rate of tariff. The American Farm property and technology from US companies doing business Bureau Federaon warns, “The US agricultural industry should in China, coupled with the decision to impose new 25 percent expect the number of agricultural products on the [Mexican] steel and 10 percent aluminum tariffs on just about every US list will both increase and some analysts warning President trading partner, abruptly canceled any temporary exempons Trump’s success in jump-starng the US economy through extended to Canada, Mexico, and the European Union. The enactment of federal tax cuts and other moves are at risk.” White House has upended many agricultural export sales. Make no mistake; ground zero in all of this trade t-for-tat All of America’s primary trading partners subject to the is China. The United States’ $375.2 billion trade deficit with new steel/aluminum tariffs, including China, have retaliated the world’s second largest economy scks in Trump’s craw. He against the acon by imposing tariffs on US exports, and all wants it gone. Opmists contend the Chinese tariff wars are have filed World Trade Organizaon complaints. All have classic Trump “big sck” diplomacy, a chronicled negoang craed target lists for retaliatory tariffs on which the top strategy born and refined from his New York City real estate targets are US agricultural exports, even though none of experience. Key to this strategy is for the United States to the publicly talked-about trade disputes and/or deficits has take unorthodox and unexpected acons against countries anything to do with agriculture. This makes ag exports a classic the White House says have more to lose than America if the case of injury by “friendly fire” as part of these escalang trade tariff stand-offs connue, in this case China. wars. As of this wring, exports of US rendered products are At the point Trump gets as much as he believes he can not subject to retaliaon. squeeze from the Chinese, these opmists say he will declare This internaonal hit parade of newly taxed US imports victory. They argue the current trade pain will disappear when features agricultural products because those products are China agrees to reinvent its economic policies/pracces on generally produced in politically important regions and trade, while increasing US ag and energy purchases. The steel/ states for Trump and other senior GOP congressional leaders. aluminum tariffs will be lied when Trump decides he has Farmers, ranchers, processors, and input creators make up a sufficiently reinvigorated US steel and aluminum industries. very big chunk of the president’s polical base, and several Crics contend, however, not only has the president sing GOP members can thank the Trump coaails for their seriously underestimated the resolve of targeted trade connued congressional service. partners to take on the United States and ride out this latest Most foreign governments recognize that all US polics tariff rade, but also not all the ulmate damage done to is local, so they are leveraging down-home voter pressure US industries will be undone with the stroke of a pen on a during a US congressional elecon year to force Trump to new trade deal somewhere. Almost daily, the White House reconsider his global tariff assault on agriculture’s biggest is warned its success in jump-starng the domesc economy overseas markets. For instance, because the House Speaker is with tax cuts and the resulng increased employment is at

6 August 2018 Render www.rendermagazine.com risk. Naonal agriculture and business groups are beginning Canada have called on the United States to resume high to abandon their public support as tensions grow over lost level negoaons, the goal being to have at least an outline immediate sales and the potenal for lost long-term markets for a new triparte deal in hand by the November midterm for ag products. For instance, the U.S. Chamber of Commerce elecons. Yet while Canada and Mexico seem willing and able has now put considerable cash behind its escalang cricism to rise above the related-but-not steel/aluminum tariff bales, of the Trump tariffs, launching in July a naonal, mul-million Trump says he would not sign a new North American treaty dollar campaign outright opposing Trump’s trade acons. before the November elecons in any event. This means lost For most agriculture groups, it is no longer how much opportunies to maintain cross-border tariff-free trading, and economic pain may be felt but how long farmers, ranchers, it means addressing import barriers for rendered products in and agribusinesses can withstand the losses, especially as Mexico gets put on hold at least for the rest of this year. on-farm producon enters its fih year of low prices and Of course, threatening to slap a 20 percent tariff on overproducon. There is also a polical price that could be automobiles imported from Europe did not help the president’s paid by the Trump camp if the trade bales connue into the reputaon for solid trade policy. autumn. As naonal agricultural producer groups and agribusiness “Polical loyalty can only go so far when you’re losing organizaons say their daily prayers for the tariff logjam money and not confident in what the strategy is,” said one to break, the administraon connues to hail farmers and veteran ag lobbyist. “To keep saying, ‘if you lose a market here ranchers at least as “patriots,” promising to make them or there, just sell somewhere else’ doesn’t cut it. There are economically whole should the damage done by lost export too many casuales.” markets become too painful and costly. Rural support is eroding quickly when Senator Pat Roberts The Dutch uncle in all of this is Agriculture Secretary Sonny (R-KS), chair of the Senate Agriculture Commiee, calls Trump Perdue, a man who has spent a good chunk of his summer a trade “proteconist,” or when the chair of the Senate Finance reassuring farmers and ranchers that the president has their Commiee, Senator Orrin Hatch (R-UT), says of Trump’s tariff collecve backs. Perdue has acknowledged in newspaper tsunami, “I’d like to kill ‘em,” meaning the tariffs. This amounts and television appearances that agriculture has legimate to a GOP-controlled Congress firing its last warning shot before concerns about being in the crosshairs of China’s retaliatory it takes steps to e the president’s hands on tariffs, a self- tariffs. He told an industry meeng in Chicago, Illinois, this defense move in an elecon year. summer that agriculture “understands that China has not Also at risk, as the White House plays a game of tariff been a fair player,” and said the White House “will not allow chicken with most major US customers, is the fate of the North American Free Trade Agreement. Both Mexico and Continued on page 17

www.rendermagazine.com Render August 2018 7 Newsline By Tina Caparella

California Regulations are Complex

Regulaons are anything but simple, and California’s renderers are discovering the complexity of legislaon passed in 2016 aimed at reducing the state’s greenhouse gas emissions is affecng the raw material they collect. Rendering Industry Advisory Board (RIAB) members were told at a June meeng that Senate Bill (SB) 1383 directs the California Department of Resources, Recycling, and Recovery (CalRecycle) to achieve the bill’s loy organic waste to landfill reducon targets of: • 50 percent below 2014 levels by 2020, which equates to no more than 11.5 million tons of organic waste going to landfill annually • 75 percent below 2014 levels by 2025, dropping that From left, Hank Brady and Mark de Bie, CalRecycle, yearly amount to 6 million metric tons of organic address a new organics waste disposal regulation alongside waste Rendering Industry Advisory Board members Daniel “With the state’s continued population growth, that Stonesifer, Atlas Portable Services Inc., and James 6 million metric ton number will be challenging,” stated Andreoli Jr., Baker Commodities Inc. CalRecycle’s Hank Brady. The department esmates 50 percent of organic waste comes from residenal sources, 40 percent from commercial, and 10 percent self-haul. difficult for rendering companies to go city by city educang SB 1383 requires local jurisdicons to determine how each on current rendered product collecon laws. best to reduce the organic waste going into landfills by using CalRecycle’s Mark de Bie informed the group that the whatever technology is available in that area. Waste haulers agency is working with CDFA on a waste characterizaon esmate it will cost about $3 billion and at least five years to study to clarify exactly which organics are being disposed build the 100 or more facilies needed to recycle the diverted of in landfills. Paula Batarseh, CDFA Meat, Poultry, and Egg organic material. Safety Branch chief, and her team are working to categorize When Brady noted that CalRecycle is not focusing on the material that goes to rendering. Expected by mid-2019, current recycled material (i.e., meat products) to meet the the study data should also help determine if all meat by- organic reducon goals, RIAB Chairman Michael Koewler, products generated in California are actually being collected Sacramento Rendering, refuted that by saying money from and rendered. CalRecycle’s Organics Grant Program is going to recycling Other business maers addressed at the RIAB meeng technologies like anaerobic digeson that is dependent on included CDFA’s outreach acvies on the state’s inedible nitrogen provided from meat products. Brady clarified that kitchen grease (IKG) program to groups such as the California grants are conngent on proving the technology is diverng Restaurant Association (CRA) and its 93,000 members, organic waste away from landfills and not other recycling the California Grocers Associaon, county environmental methods. health departments, and law enforcement. A standardized Tad Bell, lobbyist for the Pacific Coast Renderers presentation will allow CDFA staff to emphasize key Associaon, reiterated how complex SB 1383 is due to waste components of the state’s IKG and inedible meat material hauling companies having jurisdicon over organic waste collecon, disposal, and enforcement requirements. The diversion. He then acknowledged how far CalRecycle has come department is also developing a two-minute video that will in recognizing rendering’s important role in organic waste be available on CDFA’s website and distributed to agencies recycling aer conversaons with the California Department and associaons whose members would benefit from seeing of Food and Agriculture (CDFA). Current regulaon specifically it. CDFA is reaching out to the state’s restaurants in an effort states that meat, poultry, and fish by-products must go to to show how the IKG program can help them reduce costs, rendering. Brady explained that CalRecycle recognizes protect the environment, and deter grease the acvies. rendering as one form of organic waste recycling along with Batarseh believes it is important for CDFA to build alliances composng, anaerobic digeson, and biomass for wood. and partnerships with other agencies and groups in an effort to “Our regs are not trying to change current regulaons educate them about the state’s IKG program and rendering laws. that require certain material go to rendering,” he commented. “I am really pleased CDFA is building a relaonship with The concern among RIAB members, however, is that local the state’s restaurant associaon,” commented Jim Andreoli, jurisdictions/cities that enter into contracts with waste Baker Commodies. Paul San Gregorio, long-me IKG program hauling companies to collect and divert organic material will invesgator, reported that CRA is also struggling with how to challenge renderers who are already picking up the material. help their members deal with SB 1383, so working together Jared Trawick, Imperial Western Products, added that it will be could help both industries. R

8 August 2018 Render www.rendermagazine.com MEET US! NRA 85TH ANNUAL CONVENTION OCTOBER 22-26, 2018,  




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By Tina Caparella

The European “These topics are going to impact what governments rendering industry has do over the next years,” Csaki commented. “It’s going to come a long way since touch us as businesses.” Since feed supply chains are global bovine spongiform and complex, he said GFLI will harmonize environmental encephalopathy footprinting methodology to strengthen credibility and changed its world over establish a level playing field. GFLI is based on work done by 20 years ago. Today, the United Naon’s Food and Agriculture Organizaon and more raw material is its Livestock Environmental Assessment and Performance, or being collected, processed, LEAP, Partnership. The database will contain global coverage and ulized in increasingly and methodology but be regional in data and implementaon. more markets, yet some IFIF and the United States’ American Feed Industry Associaon hurdles remain and are being are founding organizaons of GFLI, which contains numerous addressed one by one, as was discussed at the European Fat corporate members who have an investment in feed. Processors and Renderers Associaon (EFPRA) Congress held As for the rendering connecon, “IFIF currently uses in late June in Barcelona, Spain. commercially available data, but we want to make sure One obstacle is convincing regulators, nutritionists, rendering’s impact is captured correctly,” Csaki explained. and buyers of poultry and pig meat that processed animal “This is an opportunity to clarify how to calculate rendered proteins (PAPs) are safe, nutrious, and necessary to meet the products.” GFLI is not just a European issue as Brazil is joining European Union’s (EU’s) protein demands. The conclusions of due to inaccurate data being used by the government. a poultry feeding trial conducted at Wageningen University in Another issue EU renderers are watching is a new the Netherlands were presented by Dr. Marinus van Krimpen, ferlizer regulaon that Chris Thornton, European Sustainable who showed that in 2015–2016, the EU produced only 11.7 Phosphorus Plaorm, said will be radically different than billion metric tons (MT) of feed proteins but consumed 27.8 current law and cover almost everything that is used as billion MT. He noted that the EU needs to develop strategies ferlizer. He noted the new regulaon will “fix” EU criteria of self-sufficiency such as increasing protein yield of current for composts, digestates, food industry wastes, and animal crops, improving animals’ protein efficiency, and using closed by-products. nutrient cycles to prevent waste, or in essence, use PAPs. “This is the first me a piece of legislaon is given a The poultry study was conducted as current feeding waste-based status,” Thornton said, adding that ash-based tables, nutrional values, and impacts on performance are products are not included in the current proposed law and outdated, established before the EU feed ban was put in place. the “certain animal by-products” clarificaon is not described PAP processes have also changed since then. The study aimed so the European Parliament is looking for proposals. to determine the effect of two different pork PAPs from two Carolina Probst, Friedrich-Loeffler-Instut, revealed that EFPRA members on performance, lier and bone quality, African swine fever is no longer an exoc disease in Europe. and gut health in male broilers. Preliminary conclusions It first appeared in 2014 in Poland and has been consistently show that both PAPs performed similar to the control study growing and spreading, primarily by human behavior such as of a soybean meal-based diet. The next steps are to get the hunng. research published in a peer-reviewed journal to establish the “Germany is quite concerned as it is the number one new parameters. country in pork producon in Europe,” Probst stated. “The Connuing the discussion on feed was Dr. Sebasan Csaki, disease is jumping across distances that cannot be predicted.” Internaonal Feed Industry Federaon (IFIF), who highlighted Germany has the highest density of wild boar in Europe, yet the the Global Feed LCA (Lifecycle Analysis) Instute (GFLI), which biggest risk of introducon is from humans (i.e., hunters) via aims to develop a publically available LCA database on feed. infected material, such as in sausages. The rate of transmission Csaki stated that with the world populaon growing to an among animals is low but the death rate is high. Due to the esmated nine billion people by 2050, there is pressure on characteriscs of the virus, no vaccine is available. meat and feed products to be sustainable. He shared which Francesco Salvi, senior associate at the law firm of Pavia United Naons Sustainability Development Goals the feed e Ansaldo, dissected the complicated new EU renewable industry needs to focus on, such as no poverty, zero hunger, energy legislaon, which sets several target dates of reducing good health and well-being, clean water and sanitation, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions up until to 2050. The responsible consumpon and producon, climate acon, and proposed Renewable Energy Direcve released in June is a life below water and on land. substanal amendment to the original direcve published in

10 August 2018 Render www.rendermagazine.com 2009. It sets a strategy of a 40 percent cut in GHG emissions Morron then explained the three levels of government by 2030 compared to 1990 levels and a target share of energy in Spain and their roles in animal by-products, which include from renewable sources in the EU’s gross final consumpon of a public subsidy to farmers for the removal and disposal of at least 32 percent, up from 27 percent by 2020. One point Salvi fallen livestock. He discussed the challenges and opportunies made was that in the proposed regulaon, biofuel produced of the various rendered products within the country, such as from used cooking oil and fats are limited to 1.7 percent the difficulty of exporng category 3 PAPs to third countries of the energy content of the transportaon fuel. Advanced (outside the EU). In 2017, about 30,000 MT of pork and poultry biofuels produced from a slew of other feedstocks—such as meals were exported from Spain to Thailand, Chile, Turkey, algae, straw, animal manure and sewer sludge, and crude Israel, South Africa, Serbia, and Columbia. glycerin—must make up at least 3.6 percent of transportaon “The resistance of third countries to proteins is due to fuels by 2030. the prohibion of its use in the European Union,” Morron commented. ANAGRASA was founded 41 years ago and currently has 31 member companies that represent 60 percent of pig producon, 70 percent of poultry producon, and 60 percent of ruminant producon in the country. Delving deeper into the Spanish pork industry was Albert Morera, managing director at Patel Sau, the largest private producer of pigs in the EU and top 10 in the world at 4.5 million head annually and 1,520 farms. He showed the history of pigs in Spain, which produced 25 million head in 1989—making it almost a net importer, especially in the summer tourist season—to 50 million head today. “This is quite amazing,” Morera exclaimed. The “Spanish miracle,” as he called the growth, is attributed to a pre- exisng livestock and meat culture, accessibility to markets— Dirk Sindermann, left, GEA Group in Europe, talks with first within the EU aer Spain joined in 1992, then to third Ridley Bestwick, West Coast Reduction Ltd. in Canada and countries—cooperaon between government and industry, chairman of the National Renderers Association. and an integrated system versus cooperave. In 1989 there was more than 200 slaughterhouses, plus local operaons, with the largest one processing 10,000 pigs per week. Today, Spain’sSpain’s MeatMeat and and RenderingRendering IIndustriesndustries ThThriverive there are about 30 slaughterhouses, with the biggest one Several speakers provided a glimpse into Spain’s rendering processing 15,000 pigs per day, and no local operations. and meat industries beginning with Christian Morron, In 2017, Spain exported 1 MMT of pork meat, of which 39 execuve secretary of ANAGRASA (Spain’s animal by-products percent went to China, 20 percent to Japan, and 17 percent associaon), who reported that 6.6 million (M) MT of meat was to EU countries. produced in Spain in 2017, mostly pork at 4.2 MMT, which is Spain’s pork industry considers rendering an important second in the EU behind Germany and a slight increase from part of the producon chain and expects maximum value 2016. Spain is the fourth largest poultry producer in the EU at from its by-products. Despite its growth, the pork industry 1.5 MMT aer Poland, the United Kingdom, and France, and faces challenges, including limited growth capacity mainly the sixth largest beef producer at 641,000 MT. Spain’s ovine due to pressures on the environment and from social media producon in 2017 was second in the EU behind the United and animal welfare/vegetarian groups, along with polical Kingdom at 114,700 MT, down nearly two percent from 2016. changes. A small quanty of rabbit and lamb meat are also produced EFPRA’s next congress will take place June 12-16, 2019, in Spain. in La Baule,, France. R On the animal by-products side, Spanish renderers collected nearly 2.5 MMT of raw material—more than 1.9 MMT of category 3, 85,000 MT of category 2, and 426,000 MT of category 1. This translated into 670,000 MT of category 3 products (56 percent protein meals, 44 percent fats), nearly 26,000 MT of category 2 products (69 percent meals, 31 percent fats), and 134,000 MT of category 1 products ( 67 percent meals, 33 percent fats). Of the category 3 PAPs, 43 percent were consumed in pet food, 40 percent to ferlizer, 9 percent to feed, and 8 percent to aquaculture. Proteins from category 2 are desned for ferlizer while category 1 goes to combuson. More than 70 percent of category 3 fat went for animal feed with the remainder going to food, oleochemicals, and pet food. All category 2 and 65 percent of category 1 fat is used in biodiesel, with the rest of category 1 going for Diko Kalkdijk, left, Andritz in the Netherlands, shows Lucas combuson. Cypriano, Zootecnista in Brazil, the company’s equipment. www.rendermagazine.com RdRender AAugust t 2018 11 European Renderers Processed More Material in 2017 Dirk Dobbelaere, secretary general of the European Fat Use of category 1 and 2 fats in biodiesel producon in 2017 Processors and Renderers Associaon (EFPRA), presented remained stable at around 500,000 MT as their eligibility for the annual stascs of Europe’s animal by-products industry double counng toward the EU Renewable Energy Direcve at the group’s congress held in Barcelona, Spain, in June. He targets remain in place unl 2020. Even though category 3 fat does noted that with the excepon of Canada, France, Greece, not qualify for double counng, its use in biodiesel connued Ireland, and Chinese Taipei being classified as controlled risk, to climb last year to 500,000 MT, up from about 420,000 all other countries are enjoying negligible risk status for bovine MT in 2016, 400,000 MT in 2015, and 300,000 MT in 2014. spongiform encephalopathy by the World Organizaon for Producon of food-grade and category 3 fats last year Animal Health, or OIE. was around 2.4 MMT, up from 2.1 MMT in 2016. Mul- Pig producon in the European Union (EU) is expected species animal fat producon accounts for more than half of to be nearly 2 percent higher in 2018 compared to last year. all fats, followed by poultry and pig fats, and lard. The primary Exports to China, which accounts for 35 percent of all pork desnaons for mul-species animal fat in 2017 remained exports, are down 11 percent in the beginning of this year oleochemicals, animal feed, and biodiesel while poultry fat went versus 2017, but a new EU free trade agreement with Mexico to animal feed, pet food, and biodiesel. Pig fat is used mostly in will increase exports to that country aer tariffs of 10 percent feed with smaller amounts going into biodiesel and pet food. were recently imposed on US Of the 3.1 MMT of pork products. The EU is now Animal fat usage in EU biodiesel production, food-gradefo and category 3 2010-2017 (metric tons) beginning trade negotiations processedp animal proteins for pork with Australia and New (PAPs)(P produced in 2017 (up Zealand. fromfr 2.7 MMT in 2016), about Beef producon in the EU 6060 percent is mul-species, 20 this year and next is expected pepercent poultry meal, and 10 to be stable, while the region’s pepercent pig meal. Nearly three- poultry producon is ancipated qquarters of PAPs (2 MMT) to go up about 1.2 percent. wwent to pet food, the third Poultry production is moving coconsecuve year of growth, away from Western European wwhile 600,000 MT of PAPs was countries like Spain and France ddestined for fertilizer, down to mid-European countries ffromr 690,000 MT in 2016 and such as Poland, Romania, and 8825,000 MT in 2014. In one Hungary. ararea of growth, 10 percent of EFPRA represents 29 membersers in 25 European countries PAPPAPs are now going i tto tterrestrial t i animal feed in fur-animal that reported processing nearly 20 million metric tons (MMT) producing countries that previously were not taking any animal of raw material in 2017 into 3 MMT of animal fats and nearly proteins. 4.5 MMT of animal proteins. In 2016, 2.8 MMT of fats and 4 Although pet food remains the EU rendering industry’s MMT of proteins were produced from 17 MMT of raw material. most important customer, PAP use in aquaculture connues Dobbelaere aributed last year’s increase to more category 3 to climb. The European Commission began allowing swine and (animals fit for human consumpon) and food waste material poultry PAPs in fish feed in June 2013. In 2017, 220,000 MT of being processed. PAPs were used in fish feed, up from 170,000 MT in 2016 and Total category 3 raw material processed in 2017 was over 95,000 MT in 2015. While poultry meal is preferred, 30,000 MT 14 MMT, a sharp jump from the 12 MMT reported in 2016. of mul-species PAPs were used for the first me in 2017. Pig Category 1 and 2 material collected remained stable at around meal usage declined from about 18,000 MT in 2016 to around 5.5 MMT last year. 2,000 MT last year. Total category 1 raw material processed in 2017, which is at Dobbelaere’s conclusions for 2017 are that there was 21 the highest risk for transmissible spongiform encephalopathy, percent more category 3 and food waste material processed was 4.6 MMT, while category 2 material collected, also at high than the previous year, corresponding to a 15 percent increase risk but not containing some specified risk materials, was in PAPs and 14 percent more fat. In the large markets, ferlizer 830,000 MT, both similar to 2016. Most all category 1 meat use is down by 5 percent while pet food use is up 7 percent. and bone meal (1 MMT) and 105,000 MT of fat were used for In addion, use of PAPs in fish and fur feed producon are combuson, with about 400,000 MT going to biodiesel last both up by 30 and 21 percent, respecvely, and a new export year, the same as in 2016 and 2015. Most category 2 meat and market to countries outside the EU for animal feed has bone meal (167,000 MT, down from 180,000 MT in 2016) was already surpassed that of EU fish feed usage. In the EU animal used as ferlizer with a small amount (12,000 MT) going to feed fat market, there has been increased use of fats in feed (18 for fur animals. Category 2 fat was mainly used in biodiesel, percent), biodiesel (17 percent), pet food (11 percent), and about 112,000 MT, with very lile going to combuson. oleochemicals (9 percent). R

12 August 2018 Render www.rendermagazine.com Rendering in Europe Needs Active Support

By Sjors Beerendonk, Darling Ingredients Inc. Ironically, this shi has not resulted in a higher valorizaon as exisng markets cannot absorb an increased volume of Editor’s note – The following is a speech, in part, given category 3 products (fit for animal consumpon) and the at the European Fat Processors and Renderers AssociaƟon export of ruminant PAPs to third countries has not materialized Congress in Barcelona, Spain. as those countries are reluctant to receive proteins that are not allowed to be used in the European Union (EU). It is a situaon I have been given the honor and responsibility of becoming that has led to price erosion in Europe and calls for the need the European Fat Processors and Renderers Associaon’s to create more openings in the EU for rendered products so (EFPRA’s) president for the coming two years. Aer having we can adequately fire back at these arguments. An opening been surrounded in my previous role as vice chairman by two to accept the use of ruminant PAPs in aquaculture feed is heavyweights—Marn Alm and Neils Leth Nielsen, who has therefore important, and for this reason has become an EFPRA been president for the past 14 years—this is not only a new priority. This restricon should be removed for sustainability situaon for me, but also for EFPRA members. reasons to end the malpracce that fish need to be caught to EFPRA represents safety, security, and produce fish feed, which is a strange form sustainability in the food chain. EFPRA has a of a circular economy. role to play in the integrity of the rendering In a global context, Europe remains sector and being a reliable partner for an island. From an objecve point of view, both the industry and authorities in at this moment there may not be any need Brussels, Belgium, with who is shared the to differenate the regulatory framework responsibility for a safe food chain. EFPRA from the rest of the world. This has become priories may change from me to me clear from the recent World Organizaon depending on a pragmac approach and for Animal Health (OIE) classification what seems to be polically realisc or confirming the negligible BSE risk for largely feasible at a certain point in me. Yet the all of Europe. EFPRA had hoped this official common thread will always remain the OIE classificaon would become a game same: to seek—within the boundaries of changer in the discussion and a starng unquesoned sanitaon and biosecurity— EFPRA President Sjors Beerendonk point for authories to speed up the further opmal valorizaon of rendered products feed ban relaxaon and alignment with OIE and removal of all obstacles toward that goal. rules. The liing of the export ban was a first step but more Having said that, EFPRA’s traditional priorities have needs to follow. There is connuous discriminaon against remained largely the same over the last few years and will European farms, feed mills, and the meat industry. not change in the near future. Making progress in Brussels is a Driven by a strong increase in populaon and a further maer for the long-run as even aer so many years following increase in wealth, the global outlook for animal proteins is the bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) crisis, the fight great. In the next 40 years, more food has to be produced than against senments and prejudices is sll ongoing. in the past 4,000 years. This means an enormous increase in Somemes that long route is frustrang; for instance, the demand for food and a doubling in the need for high quality the continued lack of a validated species tests that will proteins. Even though 90 percent of global growth will take enable liing the ban on feeding pork proteins to poultry place in emerging markets, with 60 percent of that in Asia, and eventually poultry proteins to pigs. This intra-species this is a big challenge for the world and a big opportunity and ban, which is based on polics and not science, will remain responsibility for the rendering industry. largely meaningless without the introducon of a threshold In this respect, rendering becomes more and more important relaxaon for processed animal proteins (PAPs). The discussion as rendered products are a safe and sustainable soluon for on the alternave of so-called “acon level” or “technically meat by-products. Sustainability and a circular economy will zero tolerance level” appeared to provide an opening for this be the industry’s strong cards to play in the coming years. problem, but this is sll under consideraon. Fortunately, Ironically, leading supermarkets in Europe are pung EFPRA recently learned from European Commission officials further restricons on feed mills with regard to the use of that major steps forward can be expected in the second half animal proteins. Yet at the same me on the shelves of those of this year so we remain posive and opmisc. supermarkets are king prawns originang from countries In ancipaon of such an important decision, EFPRA has outside the EU where those restricons do not apply. This is funded—together with leading companies—a Wageningen a frustrang inconsistency and brings up the queson why University research project on the digesbility of rendered rendered products are not posively recognized in the EU products in pig and poultry diets to facilitate the acceptance as sustainable and safe. If the EU takes its circular economy of the market once it is opened. Making steps is possible with priority seriously, rendered products definitely need to be a such examples as the removal of the export ban on mixed PAPs major part of it and need to receive acve support. to third countries as of July 1, 2017, and the redefinion of specified risk material. Continued on page 14 www.rendermagazine.com Render August 2018 13 Rendering in Europe Continued from page 13 with European partner organizaons like the European Feed Manufacturers Federaon, the European Livestock and Meat Future challenges for the European industry will be Trading Union, and Copa Cogeca, the united voice of European broader than tackling BSE, which brought rendering from a farmers and agri-cooperaves. Ulmately we are all allies as hidden industry into the full spotlight. The livestock industry we all have the same goal: a sustainable and healthy livestock and the consumption of meat are under attack. In the industry. slipstream of that discussion, we will be involved—and need to As EFPRA’s new president, I share my responsibilies with involve ourselves—in broader societal and ethical discussions the industry. EFPRA can only be successful in Brussels if their like sustainability, a circular economy, food safety, labeling, work is supported by the pressure of EFPRA members on their and animal welfare. naonal competent authories and their naonal members To grasp these opportunities and challenges, there in the European Parliament. At the end of the day in Brussels, needs to be beer alignment and cooperaon in the value it is the member states that decide and the Commission will chain with EFPRA and its members working acvely together only be encouraged to act upon iniaves and pressure. R Lifelong Renderer Closes Door on the Past By Niels Leth Nielsen Past President, European Fat Processors and Renderers Association

Editor’s note – The following is a speech, in part, given at the Europeann Fat Processors and Renderers AssociaƟon Congress in Barcelona, Spain,, where Nielsen was presented with the group’s first honorary presidentt award for his long-standing commitment to the industry.

I want to thank all of you for the trust and great support during my term as president of the European Fat Processors and Renderers Associaon (EFPRA) over the last 14 years. It is a long me and unprecedented for EFPRA, but now it is up to you to decide the future, at least in the way to run this organizaon. My me in the rendering industry goes back to 1965 when I started as a trainee at Daka Denmark A/S in Lunderskov where my father was Niels Leth Nielsen, left, and his wife, Marianne, a bookkeeper at the me. For 53 years, except four years from 1968 to listen as Nielsen’s 53-year career in the rendering 1972, I have always been employed at Daka. During those four years, industry is celebrated at the EFPRA gala dinner. I worked at a slaughterhouse where I learned about animal by- products. Since 1986, I have been involved in industry organizaonal work, first with the European Renderers Associaon (EURA), followed by EFPRA aer the merger of EURA and European Animal Fat Melters Associaon, as well as with the World Renderers Organizaon. I have had the great pleasure and honor to have served as president of all three associaons where I have worked with many extremely kind, skilled, and dedicated individuals, which is much appreciated, especially now at the gate to rerement. Many of you are not only good colleagues, but have also become good friends from all over the world. My wife, Marianne, and I have experienced countless wonderful and excing mes with so many in the rendering industry, whether in Europe, the United States, or down under in Australia. We have always felt welcome and that our parcipaon was appreciated. Thank you for the great hospitality we have encountered all over the world. It is impossible to look over the enormous change this industry has gone through over the last 50-plus years. When I started in the industry back in 1965, there were around 35 to 40 individual rendering companies in Denmark. Today, there are only two—Daka, with three plants, and BHJ, which has a poultry rendering plant. Industry consolidaon has been seen all over Europe and elsewhere globally and that will not end. There will be more consolidaon in the future, which is necessary to build the strength to be innovave and meet the demands of our customers, both raw material suppliers and end users of rendered products, many of which are large global companies, such as in the pet food industry. Over me, the rendering industry has faced big challenges, with bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) and its consequences having the most dramac effect, forever changing the industry. Yet in mes of crises, innovaon has always been at its highest level and BSE has led to improved changes. There are now dedicated producon lines, new markets for rendered products, and even new products, such as tallow methyl ester. Now a new generaon is taking over EFPRA, BSE is a disease of the past, I am a president of the past, and as of October 1, I will be a renderer of the past. I will close the door to the past but I will close it as a very sasfied and proud man of this industry. I am grateful on behalf of myself and my wife for the many wonderful experiences, albeit difficult in between but successful at other mes, always surrounded by delighul and amazing colleagues. Thank you from the boom of my heart. Good luck to EFPRA, to everyone, and especially to the rendering industry. R

14 August 2018 Render www.rendermagazine.com

 
   
    

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  /'%.2%5%*  /%.$%12/%%.-!1+ %,%0(/.%   -!),).&/(!!12,%5#/-(!!12,%5#/- Biofuels, Regulations, and Trucking By Heather Davis on Renderers’ Minds Coordinator of Member Relations and Operations National Renderers Association

The National Renderers Association (NRA) Central responsibility for the safety of other companies’ employees on Region held its annual business meeng in June in La Crosse, their premises. In light of current events, OSHA is pressuring Wisconsin. The group welcomed speakers addressing rendering employers to have a strong “zero tolerance” workplace violence issues and created opportunies for members to network. policy, including definions and examples of prohibited acts or Ryan Standard, The Jacobsen, opened the meeting threats and next steps if violaons occur. When responding to by explaining how the value of biofuel credits, known as OSHA communicaons, Lies recommends that companies be renewable idenficaon numbers (RINs), have plummeted truthful, keep answers short and to the point, answer only the due to Environmental Protecon Agency Administrator Sco queson(s) asked, avoid giving extra informaon or hypothecal Prui’s current policy of granng RIN waivers to refineries on scenarios, and seek OSHA-experienced legal advice. request, including large refineries like Mobil and Sinclair. The Energy Management Resources was welcomed back to biomass-based diesel RIN market, which includes renewable the meeng this year with an update on the energy market. fuels produced from rendered fats and oils, has dropped 56.5 Both supply and demand are strong with industrial demand percent since November 2017. Despite the value reducon, connuing to rise. In 2019, coal usage is expected to decline the Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) credits in California along with nuclear and hydro power while wind capacity is are at an all-me high. Tallow and used cooking oil are high- likely to expand, although the majority of the energy market value feedstocks for the LCFS credits, with the biggest barrier growth is expected to be in natural gas. for these products being the lack of infrastructure, which is Joel Fasnacht, of Kwik Trip and the Minnesota Trucking creang a boleneck. Export markets for rendered products as Associaon, shared news about the trucking industry. All fleets, biofuel feedstocks also show promise in market projecons. except livestock haulers, are now expected to comply with new This author was given the opportunity to speak about electronic logging device (ELD) regulaons. Several bills for NRA’s recent work. As Standard discussed, RIN waivers are exempons from ELDs have been proposed, including trucks affecng the biodiesel market. Nancy Foster, NRA president hauling agricultural commodies. Currently, about 70 percent and chief execuve officer, has been on Capitol Hill supporng of US freight is moved by truck. Freight volume is expected iniaves for biofuel tax credits and a strong Renewable to increase while the percentage moved by truck is unlikely Fuel Standard. She has also focused on protecng the North to change due to a lack of young, qualified drivers combined American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) to include keeping with tougher training standards for a commercial driver’s zero tariffs on rendered products exported into Mexico license that is creang a worker shortage. Several programs are and Canada, geng the United States (US) Department of being pursued to recruit new drivers. Technological advances, Agriculture to issue a small ruminant rule, and gaining market including linked, self-driven, or parally automated trucks, may access for US ruminant meat and bone meal into Mexico change or reduce the role of drivers and aract younger, tech through a new NAFTA. Kent Swisher, NRA International savvy recruits. Programs, is working toward exporng meat and bone meal Dennis Winters from the Wisconsin Department of into Mexico, Peru, and Columbia as well as gel bone into Workforce Development provided informaon on the labor China. NRA and US renderers have met all of the requests for force. Unemployment rates have steadily dropped and there informaon, audits, and paperwork, and are waing for various are more job openings than available workers. Informaon governments to provide the next steps. technology, engineering, legal, health care, management, As renderers and other NRA member companies skilled manufacturing, building trades, transportaon, and consolidate, a strong foundaon for the associaon is more warehousing have the most difficulty filling posions, although important than ever. So far this year, NRA has added a new those industries are expected to see the most growth in acve rendering member and eight new associate/allied employment. members. To improve communicaons, the group is updang Dr. David Meeker, senior vice president for NRA Scienfic its database, designing a new website, and developing new Services, wrapped up the meeng with a rendering research programs to engage rendering leaders. A new set of infographics and issues update. The future of rendering may involve more telling the story of rendering was just released and markeng dedicated pet food lines and new proteins. Since pet food opportunities have been expanded at the International producers are under increasing pressure from consumers to Producon and Processing Expo held each January in Atlanta, provide marketable “clean label” pet foods, Meeker is working Georgia. toward establishing new Associaon of American Feed Control Regulaons and compliance expectaons change regularly Officials premium animal protein definions. The Fats and so Mark Lies II, Seyfarth Shaw LLC, provided an update on Proteins Research Foundaon (FPRF) is funding several new the Occupaonal Safety and Health Administraon (OSHA). projects on the safety and nutrion of rendered products, The number of OSHA inspectors has decreased, although the focusing on Salmonella, food safety, palatability, nutrion, and number of inspecons has gone up as have potenal penales oxidaon. Several FPRF researchers will be presenng their for violaons. Employer liability has also expanded under a projects, including possible new uses for low-value rendered mul-employer workplace doctrine, with employers having products, at this October’s NRA annual convenon. R

16 August 2018 Render www.rendermagazine.com Washington Continued from page 7 The good news is that both House and Senate versions of the farm bill include language supporng a strong and agriculture producers to bear the brunt of China’s retaliaon as robustly funded FMD—repackaged in such a manner as to we defend our own interests as a naon.” In a July USA Today not be vulnerable to a future shutdown—as well as a strong column, Perdue said, “There’s no denying that the disrupon in Market Access Program (MAP). NRA also receives MAP funds trade relaons with China is unseling to many in agriculture, for export promoon. The challenges are geng the two but if the president succeeds in changing China’s behavior, bills reconciled, the compromise package approved by both America’s farmers will reap the benefits.” chambers, and the final product ready for Trump’s signature Perdue has cobbled together at the White House’s behest by midnight September 30. a new U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) program— reportedly funded to the tune of about $30 billion in Commodity Rendering is considered one of the Credit Corporaon emergency and other monies—to provide highest and best uses of recovered economic relief to farmers impacted by the tariff war. food waste. “We have tools at our disposal to support farmers faced with losses that might occur due to downturns in commodies In addion, squarely in the crosshairs for NRA is language markets,” Perdue wrote. “To this point, we have not unveiled primarily found in the Senate version of the farm bill that our strategy as it is not good pracce to open our playbook seeks to reduce food waste while increasing federally-funded while the opposing team is watching.” At the same me, opons for recovery and disposal of said waste. The House Perdue acknowledged in a Chicago Tribune interview that bill references food waste only in that it spulates USDA to be the details of how and when those tools will be used “are not the lead agency on any and all federal food waste efforts, and baked in” yet. He said he is informally looking at Labor Day that the director of those efforts be housed within the USDA (September 3), as harvest begins, as a deadline to assess actual Office of the Chief Economist. damage and decide on “migaon strategies that have to do On the Senate side, Stabenow included in her new “urban with actual remuneraon of damages.” agriculture” secon of the Senate bill a loan/grant program for “Farmers should know this: They have stood with President eligible counes to fund pilot programs in at least 10 states, Trump and his policies, and we will make good on our promise at the reported urging of Senator Richard Blumenthal (D-CT), to stand with them as well,” Perdue said. “If China does not author of a stand-alone food waste recovery and disposal bill. soon mend its ways, we will quickly begin fulfilling our promise Cosng as much as $25 million a year, the program will ensure, to support producers who have become casuales in these by using various technologies, that food is disposed of in such disputes.” a way as to enhance landfills and provide “urban farmers” with As the nail bing over Trump trade policy connues, a source of good soils. agriculture must also hope to shepherd a new comprehensive The only technologies referenced in the Senate language 2018 farm bill to the president’s desk by midnight September are composng and anaerobic digeson. NRA wants rendering 30. From the 30,000-foot view, the farm bill conference on a level playing field with any other technology that could commiee to reconcile House and Senate versions of the be used to recover and dispose of food waste. Renderers do omnibus farm legislaon should move smoothly. The only not want to see the federal government inadvertently fund major polical hurdle to get over is the House bill’s insistence through county loans and grants a system that facilitates that federal food stamp recipients work or train for work at waste companies and others disrupng convenonal and least 20 hours a week. The Senate bill tackled the food stamp long-standing commercial relaonships enjoyed by renderers program through fixes to waste, fraud, and abuse. with supermarkets, meat lockers, and restaurants. A farm bill conference commiee, however, is a unique To the NRA goal of a level marketplace playing field, legislave event, and one that never fails to surprise. Senator renderers were able to get language into the bill, in a separate Debbie Stabenow (D-MI), ranking member of the Senate secon, requiring USDA to report to Congress on its food Agriculture Commiee, reminded reporters shortly aer the waste efforts. This protects rendering supply relaonships, Senate approved its bill that farm bill conference commiees ensuring composng, anaerobic digeson, and rendering are are always “wild and wooly” debates. Wild and wooly or not, all recognized by USDA as acceptable means of food waste that conference must produce a final product by midnight recovery and disposal. September 30. If that does not happen, Congress must pass NRA is also seeking to include in a separate House bill a one-year extension of current law, a fallback move that authored by Representave Chellie Pingree (D-ME) language does not bode well for several vital and long-standing USDA that would require parcipants in any federal food waste programs. reduction, recovery, and disposal program to provide in This is where the Naonal Renderers Associaon (NRA) wring an assurance they understand and will comply with and its members have focused most of their aenon, as a the Environmental Protecon Agency (EPA) Food Recovery one-year extension of current law means any USDA program Hierarchy (www.epa.gov/sustainable-management-food/food- that does not enjoy mandatory funding as part of the farm recovery-hierarchy). This graphic representaon describes EPA, bill baseline shuts down unl the new law is in place. In USDA, and the Food and Drug Administraon’s agreement on NRA’s case, the Foreign Market Development (FMD) program, the best and highest use recommendaons for food waste through which renderers fund a big chunk of their export reducon, recovery, and disposal. Rendering, either for feed development acvies, turns off the lights unl a new farm ingredient or industrial/fuel use, is considered one of the bill is approved. highest and best uses of recovered food waste. R www.rendermagazine.com Render August 2018 17 From the Association By Nancy Foster, President, National Renderers Association

Renderers Speak Up in Washington

Naonal Renderers Associaon (NRA) members traveled to Washington, DC, in June to educate their representaves in Congress about rendering and discuss important issues affecng the industry. They urged support for strong export provisions in this year’s farm bill and cautioned against food waste provisions that could harm renderers. Increased renewable fuel volumes under the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) and connued biodiesel tax credits were also priories to encourage the growth of United States (US) biodiesel and renewable diesel producon. Congressional conservaves and liberals alike warmed to the valuable role of the rendering industry during meengs with NRA members. Rendering is a $10 billion industry and employs thousands of people coast-to-coast in both urban and rural areas. The industry is an essenal link in the feed and food agricultural chain, and its sustainability, recycling, and other environmental benefits are important “green” advantages. Doug Smith, left, Baker Commodities Inc., met with “It’s amazing how much many members of Congress like Representative Tulsi Gabbard (D-HI) to discuss rendering issues during the NRA Washington Fly-in. us, both Republicans and Democrats, because of what we do,” said Dave Kaluzny II, Kaluzny Bros. Inc. in Joliet, Illinois, and chairman of NRA’s Legislave Acon Commiee. “We are as and the longer members of Congress are in place, the more green as it gets and no one told us to be. We just are. That they know about our industry. This allows us to briefly recap gets their aenon for our issues.” the industry and spend more me geng into the issues and At the NRA Washington Fly-in industry issues briefing, legislaon we are focused on.” tradionally a popular event, five speakers discussed current With the trade war between the United States, China, issues and coming trends that will affect the rendering and other nations continuing to escalate, NRA members business. aending the fly-in also urged Congress to support agricultural Dr. Steven Solomon, director of the Food and Drug producers, including renderers, by maintaining USDA funding Administraon’s Center for Veterinary Medicine, talked about to preserve foreign markets. USDA provides grant funding to his agency’s approach to controlling the presence of residues in NRA and other agricultural groups to promote exports. The rendered feed ingredients. Dr. Rob Johansson, U.S. Department US rendering industry sells approximately 16 percent of its of Agriculture (USDA) chief economist, presented the latest producon overseas so foreign shipments are important. At economic outlook for agriculture, livestock, and poultry this point, rendered products have not been hit with retaliatory producon and consumpon. Kurt Kovarik, vice president tariffs from China or other countries, though some livestock of the Naonal Biodiesel Board, urged connued work to industry partners have been targeted. persuade Congress to extend the biodiesel tax credits that The RFS and biodiesel tax credits were among NRA’s expired December 30, 2017. He also thanked NRA for working leading issues since the rendering industry supplies 28 percent collaboravely in support of the biodiesel industry. of the feedstock used to produce biodiesel and renewable Ambassador Gregg Doud, chief agricultural negoator in diesel. Feedstock supplied by renderers includes animal fats the Office of the United States Trade Representave, talked and processed used cooking oil from restaurants, hospitals, and about the agricultural impact of internaonal trade disputes other foodservice establishments. Shortly aer the fly-in, the with US trading partners. Doud understands the rendering Environmental Protecon Agency proposed new RFS volumes industry well since he is from a swine and cow-calf operaon for 2019 and 2020. NRA will urge a higher RFS than planned in Kansas and worked for the National Cattlemen’s Beef by the agency in its regulatory comments due August 17. Associaon during his career. David Salmonsen, senior director NRA members warned Congress against discriminaon of the American Farm Bureau Federaon, explained how farmers toward rendering in last-minute food waste provisions in view the growing internaonal trade fight and themselves as the Senate farm bill. The urban agriculture secon of the bill potenal collateral damage. Renderers enjoyed the opportunity would authorize 10 pilot projects with $25 million in funding for frank and personal conversation with each speaker. a year that could be used to divert meat/bone scraps and “The briefings were on topic and very informative,” used cooking oil—now collected by renderers—to composters according to Jeff Neil, vice president of sales and markeng and anaerobic digesters as part of food waste disposal. NRA for Tyson Foods Inc. “Things went well and our industry is seen opposes such anticompetitive government incentives for as a vital part of the food supply. The more we have the fly-ins other recyclers that could arficially distort the marketplace

18 August 2018 Render www.rendermagazine.com and damage the rendering industry by reducing the incoming raw material Nominate an Outstanding Leader volume. Renderers held almost 190 meengs The Naonal Renderers Associaon (NRA) invites nominaons for its highest on Capitol Hill during the fly-in. Briefing award to honor an outstanding individual for their contribuon and service to the informaon used for congressional visits North American rendering industry. The Don Franco Disnguished Service Award is is available on NRA’s website (www. the associaon’s highest honor and is presented to a member, staff, or friend of the naonalrenderers.org) under Related NRA for outstanding contribuon and service on behalf of the rendering industry Links. NRA thanks the following member in science, policy, markeng, or communicaons. Nominaons are due by August companies who aended this year’s fly-in: 31, 2018. Candidates nominated last year will be considered for this year’s award. Baker Commodies Inc. The contribuons of nominated individuals should be milestone improvements BHT ReSources or have prevented serious disrupons in the rendering industry in Canada and Cargill the United States. Individuals should have demonstrated a strong commitment Darling Ingredients Inc. to excellence. Examples are: Farmers Union Industries LLC • Communicaon of sound science to defend and protect the industry Kaluzny Bros. Inc. • Facilitang new market segments for rendered products Pilgrim’s Pride • Discovery of new technologies to improve rendering sustainability or Sanimax efficiency Smithfield Foods • Polical influence allowing the industry to prosper and grow Tyson Foods Inc. Dr. Don Franco, who passed away in early 2015, was a highly respected and West Coast Reducon Ltd. influenal leader as vice president for NRA Scienfic Services and president of the Valley Proteins Inc. Animal Protein Producers Industry from 1992 to 2002. He was one of the editors The 2019 fly-in will be held June of The Original Recyclers published by NRA in 1996 and a contribung author to 24-26 in Washington, DC. All NRA EssenƟal Rendering in 2006. Prior to NRA, Franco worked for the United States acve members engaged in rendering Department of Agriculture’s Food Safety and Inspecon Services. He held a masters are invited to attend. If you believe of public health degree and a doctorate in veterinary medicine. The North American that decisions in the nation’s capital rendering industry benefits today from Franco’s work. affect your business, be sure to mark Nominaon forms are available on the NRA website at www.naonalrenderers. your calendars now for this important com under Related Links or by emailing hdavis@naonalrenderers.com. R event. R

www.rendermagazine.com Render August 2018 19 Biofuels Bulletin By Joe Gershen, Encore BioRenewables

EPA Increases Renewable Fuel Obligations

Following its announcement in late June, the United States (US) Environmental Protecon Agency (EPA) published in the The proposed increases demonstrate July 10, 2018, Federal Register its proposal to increase the that EPA is once again recognizing the renewable fuel volume obligaons for biomass-based diesel industry’s ability to produce higher under the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) from 2.1 billion volumes of biofuels. gallons in 2019 to 2.43 billion gallons in 2020. US rendered fats and used cooking oil supply approximately 28 percent of the feedstock used to produce biomass-based diesel in policy and growing its use of renewable energy. It appears America, which includes biodiesel and renewable hydrocarbon that the current feedstocks include waste and residues as diesel. EPA is also proposing an increase in RFS volumes for well as sustainable vegetable oils. The agreement sll needs the advanced biofuel category, which also includes biodiesel to be approved by the European Parliament and the European and renewable diesel, from 4.29 billion gallons in 2018 Council. to 4.88 billion gallons in 2019. Only biomass-based diesel Back in Washington, DC, a diverse group of trade obligaons are being proposed for 2020. This is an encouraging associaons, including NRA, delivered a leer to Congressional development for the biodiesel industry aer two years of no leaders in late June announcing a unified posion to maintain RFS growth by the agency. and extend the biodiesel blender’s and renewable diesel tax The proposed increases demonstrate that EPA is once credits. The group asked that Congress provide certainty in again recognizing the industry’s ability to produce higher planning by extending the full $1 per gallon tax credits for volumes. It follows several years of instability in the RFS 2018/2019 and beyond. The leer was sent to House and program that has severely hindered industry expansion. It Senate leadership. This acon will provide long-term certainty also upholds President Donald Trump’s campaign promise to that would include a permanent tax incenve at a level that will support biofuels and protect the RFS. The Naonal Renderers connue to foster growth in the domesc biodiesel market. Associaon (NRA), Naonal Biodiesel Board (NBB), and other Nong that the US biodiesel and renewable diesel market biofuels trade groups have repeatedly asked the agency to has grown from 100 million gallons in 2005 to nearly 2.6 provide consistent and predictable growth in RFS volumes to billion gallons in 2017, the groups emphasized the tax credits’ encourage more producon of biodiesel and renewable diesel. roles in encouraging investment in infrastructure, generang EPA’s proposal, however, did not address the “demand high-paying jobs throughout the country, and providing destrucon” caused by the agency’s small refiner hardship environmental benefits. Moreover, the credits provide waivers that release petroleum refiners from their RFS customers, such as the trucking industry, a reducon in the obligaons and reduce overall producon of biodiesel. These overall cost of their fuels. exempons have effecvely reduced current obligaons for The groups also noted that the “on-again, off-again” nature biodiesel by 300 million gallons in 2016 and 2017, according to of the credits disrupts access to capital, frustrates the sector’s NBB. NRA called on Trump to stop EPA from issuing these small ability to make investments, and hinders companies’ desire refiner waivers in a joint leer with NBB and the American to hire and expand. The trade associaons urged Congress to Soybean Associaon earlier this year. restore the tax credits for 2018 and 2019, and provide long-term In a turn of events, EPA Administer Sco Prui resigned certainty to the industry through a permanent tax incenve. his post on July 5 aer being plagued by a series of ethics scandals. Prui had been cricized by the biofuels industry for mismanagement of the RFS, including the misuse of small California Biofuel Use sets Record refiner hardship waivers that resulted in the significant biofuel Greenhouse gas polluon in California in 2016 fell below demand destrucon. It remains to be seen whether Deputy 1990 levels for the first me since emissions peaked in 2004— Administrator Andrew Wheeler, who assumed the role of an achievement roughly equal to taking 12 million cars off the acng EPA administrator on July 9, will change course and act road or saving 6 billion gallons of gasoline a year. on Trump’s pledge to support biofuels. A good first step would Under Assembly Bill (AB) 32, passed in 2006, California be to end abuse of refinery waivers. must reduce its emissions to 1990 levels (431 million metric Meanwhile, across the pond, negoaons between the tons) by 2020. The 2016 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory European Council, the European Parliament, and the European published in July 2018 showed that California emied 429 Commission on the post-2020 European Union (EU) Renewable million metric tons of climate pollutants in 2016—a drop of Energy Direcve (RED II) took place in Strasbourg, France, 12 million metric tons from 2015. Senate Bill 32, passed in in mid-June. There was agreement on an EU-wide overall 2016, requires the state to go even further than AB 32 and cut target of 32 percent for renewables, with a specific target of emissions 40 percent below 1990 levels by 2030—the most 14 percent for renewables in transportaon, by 2030. This ambious carbon reducon goal in North America. demonstrates the EU is taking a serious posion on climate

20 August 2018 Render www.rendermagazine.com The transportaon sector, California’s largest source of trade sancons in the past aer being accused of illegally greenhouse gases, saw a two percent increase in emissions benefing from subsidized soybeans. in 2016 because of increased fuel consumpon, yet the state “It is very likely that Europe could apply an-subsidy also saw cars and trucks use a record amount of biofuels (1.5 sanctions in two or three months,” said Claudio Molina, billion gallons in all) as a result of the state’s Low Carbon Fuel execuve director of the Argenna Associaon of Biofuels Standard. These low-carbon alternave fuels, consisng mostly and Hydrogen. “In that scenario, there is a high probability of biodiesel, renewable diesel, and ethanol, avoided 14 million that producon lines would stop.” metric tons of carbon dioxide from entering the atmosphere The industry had previously avoided EU sancons by compared to fossil fuels. redirecng its biodiesel shipments to other markets, but the The annual emissions inventory helps keep the state sector, which recorded $1.2 billion in revenue last year, can accountable for meeng its emissions reducon targets. The no longer export to the United States. In late 2017, tariffs inventory published in July includes the following highlights: were imposed that stopped Argenne biodiesel imports into • Carbon polluon dropped 13 percent statewide since the United States aer similar accusaons of subsidies and a 2004 peak, while the economy grew 26 percent. “dumping.” • Per capita emissions connue to be among the lowest The EU’s threat has already put a damper on sales to in the country, falling 23 percent from a peak of 14 Europe, trimming Argenna’s biodiesel exports to no more metric tons per person (equal to driving 34,000 miles) than 700,000 metric tons this year, down from 1.65 million in 2001 to 10.8 metric tons per person in 2016 (equal metric tons shipped in 2017, according to Argenna’s Chamber to driving 26,000 miles). This is approximately half as of Biofuels (CARBIO). much as the naonal average. “Europe is a threat to us,” CARBIO President Luis Zubizarreta • Carbon polluon dropped 3 percent between 2015 said, adding that biodiesel plants can barely operate without and 2016, about the equivalent of taking 2.4 million the European market. In May, the Argenne government raised cars off the road or saving 1.5 billion gallons of export taxes on biodiesel to 15 percent from 8 percent. The gasoline and diesel fuel. increase may also prove to hurt the industry, according to • The “carbon intensity” of California’s economy—the Zubizarreta. amount of carbon polluon emied per $1 million The EU’s invesgaon into the alleged subsidies began of gross state product—dropped 38 percent since four months aer it lost a case at the World Trade Organizaon the 2001 peak and is now one-half the national (WTO) in which it accused Argenna of dumping. Following the average. WTO ruling, the EU revoked dues that had blocked Argenne • California now produces twice as many goods and biodiesel imports to Europe for three years. services for the same amount of greenhouse gas The new investigation could drag on for over a year emissions as the rest of the naon. and sources say the EU is expected to levy provisional rates on biodiesel in the second half of 2018, contribung to a pessimisc outlook for the industry. Molina believes increasing Argentina Exports Targeted Again domesc consumpon may be the industry’s best opon. Reuters reported that Argenna’s biodiesel industry is Argenne law currently mandates that fuel providers use a at risk aer the EU threatened to impose tariffs on imports 10 percent mixture of biodiesel in all diesel fuel sold to the from the South American country following accusaons that public. The country used 1.17 million metric tons of biofuel the naon unfairly subsidized its biofuel sector. The threat of last year, according to government data. Increasing that mix tariffs has halted Argenne biofuel sales to the EU, industry to 12 percent while also using more biodiesel in power plants, sources told Reuters, adding that imposing a tax would leave public transport, and agricultural machinery could cover up to 85 percent of the country’s biofuel exports without a viable half of Argenna’s annual producon capabilies of 4.4 million market and may force suppliers to close shop. metric tons within three years, Molina stated. Plans to raise Boasng major producers like Cargill and Bunge, Argenna mix quotas for publicly consumed biodiesel, however, do not R is a leader in biodiesel exports, yet the sector has suffered yet exist, a government source told Reuters.

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02'(/6 2QHIRU\RXU )$67  $SSOLFDWLRQ ($6< 0DGH 6LPSOLFLW\6HULHV LQ86$ SK ZZZ6KRUWHQLQJVKXWWOHFRP (FRQRP\6HULHV www.rendermagazine.com Render August 2018 21 By Fernando Mendizabal International Report President, World Renderers Organization

OIE and WRO Working Together

The World Organizaon for Animal Health (OIE) held its was finished. There were two primary takeaways from the 86th General Session in Paris, France, in late May. OIE was meeng for the rendering industry: Global networking and the founded in 1924 by 24 countries seeking to coordinate efforts update on the Terrestrial Code, the laer specifically for bovine to migate worldwide risks in animal health. They created what spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) and avian influenza. was then the Office Internaonal des Epizooes. Today, that This author and Dobbeleare shook hands with Internaonal organizaon is responsible for building the legal framework Feed Industry Federaon President Michael Bucovici and necessary to maintain healthy animals within 181 member director Alexandra Athayde in order to introduce WRO to countries. several members of the European community and to share OIE has signed 71 cooperaon agreements with global thoughts with the Global Alliance of Pet Food Associaons, organizaons, including the World Renderers Organizaon among other global players. We also spoke with OIE President (WRO). Because of this agreement, WRO was invited to join Dr. Botlhe Michael Modisane from South Africa, who is this year’s general session as an observer. This author and familiar with rendering in his country and joked by saying that Dirk Dobbeleare, European Fat Processors and Renderers “renderers are always looking for something to render.” There Associaon, aended the meeng on behalf of WRO. was also the opportunity to introduce ourselves to Eloit. It was an interesng and valuable experience to see how The main theme that correlates the rendering industry OIE organizes to review in one week a huge amount of topics with OIE is the Terrestrial Code Chapter 11.5, dedicated ranging from scienfic work to idenfy new threats to animal to BSE controls that remain in place just as they were health, to stascal analysis of how acons in each country defined when the disease appeared back in 1997. At that are providing posive results on controlling risks, as well as me, considering that BSE was a new disease, a number of vote on amendments to the Terrestrial Animal Health Code. controls were established around the world following the OIE OIE’s website is quite impressive and has evolved to Terrestrial Code. Aer being adopted and adapted to rendering become a valuable source of informaon. Visit their website operaons, it is sasfactory to say that BSE is a controlled risk at www.oie.int and click on a pair of resources. You will find today. Controls and tesng are in place and veterinary bodies extensive work created to map global animal health. are well trained and prepared to act if the prion appears. OIE General Director Dr. Monique Eloit presented the The rendering industry has collaborated on every measure updated actions on the group’s sixth strategic plan for proposed, changing its operaons and markets to accomplish 2016–2020 that is based on the reinforcement of trust the requests. through transparency, improving animal health and welfare Considering these good results, OIE has organized an ad by appropriate risk management, and supporting and hoc group of sciensts who are reviewing how to adapt the strengthening veterinary services. A strong modernizaon of Terrestrial Code to the actual situaon without incurring any the World Animal Health Informaon System is in the process. risk. WRO looks forward to seeing how this effort evolves and OIE is working on this with One Health, a new initiative will share any news. focused on providing science-based soluons to deal with In early June, OIE requested WRO advice on the standard- microorganisms, considering that human, animal, and plant ized technologies to process poultry by-products, including health are part of the equaon. scienfic evidence that rendering process condions are An-microbial resistance, biological threat reducon, enough to kill the virus. Work done previously by the WRO African swine fever, and high pathogenic avian influenza Scienfic Advisory Panel was divided into nine science-based were among the more relevant topics discussed at the documents and provided to OIE along with a proposal to general session. It was surprising to be able to read what was change the Terrestrial Code Chapter 10.4 devoted to avian presented during the sessions immediately aer each session influenza. Any further updates on this maer will be shared. R Reach more customers... By advertising in Render magazine! Six times a year Render is read by thousands of potential clients and 2018 rates have been held at 2007 levels! Why wait?

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22 August 2018 Render www.rendermagazine.com Feedstock Availability Key to Growth in Oleofuels

By Bruce Ross, Ross Gordon Consultants SPRL

Biofuels industry stakeholders from Europe and beyond • Some of the pressure on the EU biodiesel market travelled to Helsinki, Finland, in early June to the Oleofuels could be eased by Indonesia’s introduction of 2018 conference organized by Active Communications blending mandates to encourage domesc use of Internaonal. Parcipants included traders in biofuels and raw its fuels rather than export to the EU market. materials, renderers, European Union (EU) biodiesel/renewable • Vehicle owners show some willingness to pay a diesel producers, trade association officials, machinery premium for completely renewable transport fuels, manufacturers, fuel storage companies, non-governmental but this is very much the minority at this me. organizaons involved in developing cerficaon standards, • In the long-term, the market may be affected by a and journalists. significant fall in vehicle use. Some European cies Aendance was double that of recent years, possibly (e.g., Hamburg, Germany; Antwerp, Belgium; and because the conference was preceded by a visit to Neste’s London, England) are already either banning cars or refinery site in Porvoo, which is Finland’s largest port. The making their use prohibively expensive. company told a compelling story about its economic growth • Many EU biofuels producers are looking at ways to and approach to sustainability. diversify as the vehicle fuel market faces an uncertain Absent from this year’s speakers and aendees were long-term future. European Commission and naonal government officials, as well as representaves of several EU trade associaons. The EU Regulation debate over revisions to the EU’s Renewable Energy Direcve Despite the absence of regulators from the conference, (RED II) was at a very delicate stage so officials could not leave most speakers referenced RED II as it is expected to be the Brussels, Belgium, and stakeholders could not risk missing backdrop to much of what happens in the oleofuels sector an opportunity for last minute lobbying. Shortly aer the through to 2030. Many underlined that feedstock availability conference, the European instuons reached an agreement is the key to the success of the industry and most agreed that on a post-2020 RED II (see “Biofuels Bullen” on page 20). waste- and residue-based fuels will increase in importance with RED II favoring them. EU renderer SARIA provided a Visiting Neste speaker from its oleofuels arm, ecoMoon, who emphasized, Before vising its facilies, visitors heard a senior Neste among other things, the importance of animal fat feedstocks. official explain that 80 percent of Neste’s renewable feedstocks Palm oil is under pressure, yet delegates, perhaps mistakenly, come from wastes and residues. The company will soon launch did not think the European Parliament’s proposed ban on its an online portal to allow interested pares to see where Neste use would take place. sources its raw materials. For the moment, the main feedstocks used are animal fats, used cooking oil (UCO), fish fats, and The Technical Side some vegetable oils. Liquefied plasc waste is a potenal There was a lineup of speakers on such technical topics as feedstock of the future, which would be popular given the high-octane fuels, glycerin use, bio-oils, purificaon systems much-publicized problem of plasc waste in the world’s for the pre-treatment of feedstocks, wastewater cleaning, oceans. These steps led Neste to be named by Global 100 in catalysts, absorbents, and hydro-treatment. In addion, the February 2018 as the second most sustainable company in the conference heard from a grower of Pongamia (a legume) in world across all sectors, not just energy (the Global 100 Index Paraguay who hopes that his crop can provide, in his definion, is a ranking of the world’s most sustainable corporaons). The sustainable, low carbon intensity oils for the oleofuels industry. company plans to build a new hydrotreated vegetable oil plant This author, representing the National Renderers in Singapore that would increase its total oleofuel producon Associaon, was asked to speak at the conference on the to four million metric tons by 2022. internecine warfare within the EU oleofuels industry that has been apparent during the RED II debate. While it is true that The Oleofuels Market several stakeholders have been at each other’s throats at While there was no speaker at the conference to outline mes on the aims and details of RED II, this author’s overall the state of the oleofuels market, this did not stop other conclusion was that this is evidence the EU’s decision-making presenters from opining on the subject. The main points of system actually works and should produce a compromise that note were: allows all legimate stakeholders to have the chance to help • Biofuels mandates remain the dominant market the EU develop its oleofuels sector. driver. A bigger challenge might be to maintain public support • UCO is an increasingly important feedstock. The for the further development of biofuels, especially at a me United States has been a consistent supplier to the when policians and commentators are talking up electrically- EU market, but, according to one speaker, China has powered transports as the panacea. Some delegates agreed begun selling large quanes of both UCO and UCO that if EU regulators made future targets for oleofuels use too methyl ester biofuel on the EU market. Africa is sll strict, then demand for such sustainable fuels could actually a long way from becoming a supplier. fall away. R www.rendermagazine.com Render August 2018 23 By David L. Meeker, PhD FPRF Research Wrap-up Research Director, Fats and Proteins Research Foundation

Innovation in Rendering—Dos and Don’ts

The creaon of new ideas and soluons depends on has invented a new widget or a new technology that is selling innovaon. Innovaon is vital to the success of any business in the marketplace, dollars made versus dollars spent could or industry. Investment in rendering research can foment be calculated easily; however, in most cases the mulvariate innovaon in technologies and increase knowledge, leading economic study to accurately evaluate ROI on a piece of to new products, new uses for exisng rendered products, added knowledge would cost more than the project in the improved manufacturing, and beer sustainability. Whether first place. incremental, disrupve, or radical, innovaon is necessary Tuff’s second queson that kills innovaon: Has anyone to cope with an ever-changing world. Without innovaon, done this before? Nobody wants to reinvent the wheel, or do an industry can be stuck in one place while its customers, we? What if the wheel is for a different vehicle that did not partners, and even employees all suffer or move on. even exist when the original wheel research was done? What Research to develop new ideas is one step of the if the road surfaces have changed? What if the genecs of a progression, but nurturing them into a mature benefit for chicken has dramacally changed since meat and bone meal companies and their customers requires addional input. studies were conducted 20 years ago? What if chemicals used Taking innovaons from research and converng them into for food safety reasons in meat packing completely change the useful soluons, processes, or ingredients others need also microbiome dealt with in wastewater treatment? What if Bryce requires an entrepreneurial atude. Being overly cauous Harper, right fielder for the Washington Naonals baseball about failure or money ill spent can prevent new ideas from team, struck out four mes today? Would you pitch to him being implemented. This is one reason some seemingly tomorrow? Tull looks at this a different way and says the beer workable solutions remain in the laboratory and never queson is, “What are the advantages and disadvantages of reach market. A company with an entrepreneurial atude being first?” He says following the same pathway over and would allow employees to take risks without worrying again will likely lead to similar results and being concerned by about job security and allow them to try new things without what others are doing creates unnecessary and wasteful work. endless jusficaon and precauon. The Fats and Proteins In rendering research, one should certainly be aware of what Research Foundaon (FPRF) is simply a collecon of forward- has been done and learn from it. If a nut is too hard to crack, thinking companies that should also innovate and be perhaps a bigger hammer or a different tool is needed. entrepreneurial. Tuff’s third queson that kills innovaon: How can we Geoff Tuff, principal at Deloie Consulng LLP and a senior prove this will work? For rendering, this is not as bad as the ROI leader of the innovaon and applied design pracces, wrote queson; nothing can be proven from results not yet achieved. an arcle recently for Entrepreneur.com tled “3 Quesons According to Tull, asking something similar, like “how could we That Kill Innovaon—and What to Ask Instead.” His ideas are learn more?”, keeps the discussion in an exploratory mode, a thoughul launching pad to discuss rendering research. placing value on the informaon, not the decision. Tuff’s first queson that kills innovaon: What is the It is not as though impact and success of research is not return on investment (ROI)? It is natural that, as a small group important. FPRF aempts to evaluate proposals for potenal to burdened by carrying the research and development load for make a major contribuon to the exisng body of knowledge the enre rendering industry, current investors in FPRF want and expects researchers to avoid unnecessary duplicaon, to get the most possible out of each dollar spent on research. dead ends, or problemac methods. The objecves and scope This exact queson has been asked many mes in past FPRF of a study are expected to be feasible with the proposed meengs along with discussion on a retrospecve calculaon design, me, and resources. The potenal benefit to the of ROI for each past project. A slightly beer queson might industry should jusfy the investment—FPRF asks researchers be: Is an investment in this project beer than an alternave for esmates of economic impacts of results in general terms project? Both quesons require predicve powers nobody along with ancipated markeng challenges. For example, it possesses. Answering correctly would require clairvoyance makes a difference if a successful new product would end up in to know market condions and markeng results. Selecon a small niche market using lesser amounts of rendered material commiees must use their best judgment and determine a or if a new use would demand truckloads of material per hour, range of possible outcomes. day, week, or year. It would make a difference if a proposed Not every selected project will turn out as predicted or new technology met consumer resistance like radiation, even in a range that could be termed successful, yet if someone genecally modified organisms, or chemical addives have, could pick the winners before investment is made, they should but may be worth it if strategies for acceptance could be perhaps take their talents to Wall Street and leave rendering developed. The researcher(s) should have the academic to mortals. Tull says, “The me for a discussion about relave qualificaons, competence, and track record to undertake performance can come only once real market data can be and complete the proposed research successfully. obtained.” This is also folly for most research done in animal The best way to have more successes is to make more nutrion, food safety, sustainability, and product quality. If one investments. It is often said that if FPRF can improve its

24 August 2018 Render www.rendermagazine.com success rate, more renderers would invest. Which came first, what would it be? Tull says this approach cuts to the chase the chicken or the egg? Or, more contemporarily, which came and helps focus on what is important: geng something first, the black holes or the galaxies? In either case, as more done and separang the need-to-have from the nice-to-have. renderers become involved to facilitate beer decisions and Acon is important, but it should be iniated aer intelligence also fund more projects, then more successes will come, gathering. FPRF’s approach to the oxidaon problem is a good more problems will be solved, and more opportunies will example of acng today while planning for future nice-to-have be created. Contributors to research could lead innovaon alternaves to peroxide value measurements. Today’s acvies immensely by honing the right quesons and brainstorm include developing better extraction methods to reduce research strategies while not demanding ROI data up front. peroxide value variability and gathering informaon on what Tull goes on in his arcle to pose quesons that smulate customers really need: freshness and acceptability criteria innovaon. A good one is: What might be another possible to plan future work. Tull says, “Knowing the right quesons, way to tackle this problem? He says instead of immediately or simply knowing how to flag the wrong quesons, leads rejecng a soluon or concept, this queson encourages to beer communicaon, beer producvity, and a beer entrepreneurs to consider alternate soluons. It can also help product.” clarify the problem to be solved. This is the kind of discussion FPRF is on the right track by funding research that leads being generated in the FPRF Colorado State University Pet Food to innovaon for the benefit of the enre rendering industry. Research Alliance, a new approach to research that is engaging More investment by individual companies into this joint effort more stakeholders much earlier in the research design process. would increase the number of potenal soluons, posive The first year of these discussions has yielded some clarity incremental change, or even radical new things that disrupt and basis for collaborave research. Framing the work around markets for the beer (think what biodiesel has done for the customer needs is keeping FPRF from being internally focused. fat market). Pet food customers oen have very different requirements, Get a firsthand look at some of the innovaons underway atudes, and behaviors than other markets and rendering from rendering research at the FPRF Innovate Conference will do very well by including them in research decisions. on October 23, 2018, held in conjuncon with the Naonal Other quesons that might smulate innovaon: How Renderers Associaon 85th Annual Convenon in Laguna might we move faster, or, if we had to try something today, Niguel, California (see page 29). R

Alliance Brings Pet Food and Rendering Together The Fats and Proteins Research Foundation (FPRF) Mississippi State University, and BJ Bench, Tyson Foods, entered into a five-year agreement last year with Colorado as well as an overview of a novel technology for rapid- State University (CSU) to coordinate the new Pet Food characterizaon of Salmonella from Dr. Jessica Prenni, CSU. Alliance. The mission of the alliance is to bring together Addional large delegaon conversaons related to product members of the pet food, meat, and rendering industries to safety focused on foreign materials and concerns over other collaboravely develop implementable soluons for industry chemical/biological contaminants in rendered products and challenges and idenfy opportunies for innovaon, growth, pet food. Throughout the meeng, working groups connued and mutual success. The ulmate success of the Pet Food to address priories, ulmately creang a series of acon Alliance remains focused on these central pillars: items for compleon in the remainder of this year, including: • Unite members of the pet food, meat, and rendering Salmonella and Product Safety industries • Compleon of transportaon gap assessment for • Engage and encourage widespread parcipaon rendering and pet food industries from addional industry members • Connue efforts to train/educate plant employees • Facilitate research guided by industry input to on foreign materials handling address real-world industry challenges Oxidaon and Product Quality • Establish multidisciplinary collaborations with • Develop call for mini-research proposals to beer academia and industry understand oxidaon challenges (i.e., matrix issues, • Proacvely engage in building industry sustainability analycal variaons, and interpretaon of results) across all efforts • Continue efforts on validation of extraction The 2018 summer meeng of the alliance was held in methods Kansas City, Missouri, in late June. Representaves from • Connued communicaon between rendering and all sectors of the pet food, rendering, meat, and analycal pet food industries industries, as well as others from various academic disciplines. Sustainability and Consumer Percepon focused on addressing the working group priories established • Work with exisng Naonal Renderers Associaon in previous meengs: Salmonella and product safety, oxidaon and Pet Food Institute members and academic and product quality, and sustainability and consumer partners to enhance internship programs percepon. • Establish focus groups regarding consumer percepon The group also listened to presentaons and held a of rendered products/pet food producve discussion on oxidaon led by Drs. Thu Dinh, • Connue efforts to revisit nomenclature R www.rendermagazine.com Render August 2018 25 Labor and the Law By Ethan R. Ware and Ryan W. Trail, Williams Mullen

EPA Authority over Pits, Ponds, and Lagoons

Editor’s note - Ethan Ware is a partner and environmental A New Interpretation aƩorney with the law firm of Williams Mullen in Columbia, Two recent court decisions suggest the regulatory “status South Carolina. He represents businesses and industries in quo” may be changing. There is no guarantee that no-discharge environmental and health and safety legal maƩers. Ryan Trail systems can escape federal NPDES permits in the future. represents companies facing complex environmental regulatory In December 2017, the District Court for the Eastern issues in industrial, manufacturing, real estate, and banking. District of Kentucky decided a case in which arsenic, cadmium, Individual circumstances may limit or modify this informaƟon. selenium, and other heavy metals had leached from coal ash ponds into groundwater and then to a nearby lake. The Pits, ponds, and lagoons are important water management company obtained requisite state no-discharge permits but no tools at most rendering plants. They are effecve ways to NPDES federal permit was requested. Environmentalists filed manage the flow of process, cooling, and storm waters, a cizen suit asking the court to issue penales for failure to especially when the impoundments do not discharge to nearby obtain a necessary NPDES permit. streams or creeks. The federal court declined to require an NPDES permit A recent decision by the United States (US) 4th Circuit for migraon of metals to the nearby pond via groundwater Court of Appeals threatens to change how states and the (Kentucky Waterways Alliance v. Kentucky UƟliƟes Co.). The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulate these court expressed concern any other ruling would “effecvely retenon ponds. In the future, renderers may be required read the ‘point source requirement out of the Clean Water to apply for and obtain federal Naonal Pollutant Discharge Act.’” On February 1, 2018, the plainffs appealed the ruling to Eliminaon System (NPDES) permits or the state equivalent the 6th Circuit Court of Appeals where the case is now pending. for no-discharge systems, even where there is no obvious As a result of the Kentucky Waterways decision, EPA connecon to waters of the United States (WOTUS). requested public comment on the need to obtain federal permits for discharges to groundwater. The Federal Register The Clean Water Act Generally noce published February 20, 2018, presented this simple The stated purpose of the federal Clean Water Act (CWA) is queson: “[Should] pollutant discharges from point sources “to restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological that reach jurisdiconal surface waters via groundwater or integrity of the naon’s waters.” To fulfill this objecve, the act other subsurface flow that has a direct hydrologic connecon prohibits “the discharge of . . . pollutants” from a “point source” to the jurisdictional surface water be subject to CWA to a WOTUS desnaon (rivers, streams, creeks, or adjoining regulaon?” The public comment period closed on May 21, shorelines and wetlands), unless and unl the discharge is 2018, with more than 10,000 comments received. covered by a federal or state permit. The act defines WOTUS Soon aer the EPA noce, the 4th Circuit Court of Appeals to cover virtually any body of water and wetlands. The term took the opposite view. In the case of Upstate Forever v. Kinder does not include groundwater, however, because the US Morgan, the 4th Circuit reversed a lower court decision, which Constuon limits federal authority to only those acvies had adopted the Kentucky Waterways approach. The Upstate affecng interstate commerce and groundwater does not Forever case involved a release of gasoline from a pipeline impact commerce across state lines—it is not “navigable” for rupture that ulmately reached a nearby stream through soils the purpose of commerce. and groundwater migaon. The 4th Circuit Court ruled the A point source is “any discernable, confined, and discharge of pollutants to a stream (however remote) via a discrete conveyance . . . from which pollutants are or may be groundwater release requires a federal NPDES permit, even discharged.” The most common forms of point source are pipe, if the release is the result of unancipated consequences, ditch, channel, tunnel, or conduit. Leachate or uncontrolled detailed here: migraon through soils or groundwater is not the kind of [T]he plaintiffs plausibly have alleged a discharge usually considered a point source. direct hydrological connecon between the States are not restricted in their regulaon of non-navigable ground water and navigable waters . . . We waterbodies such as pits, ponds, or lagoons. As a result, many find no merit in [the Defendant’s] concern states are free to establish state-only permit programs for no- that our holding will result in unintended discharge wastewater systems and the dividing line between coverage under the [Act] of any discharge the state and federal permit authority is the discharge point. If of a pollutant into ground water. We do pollutants discharge from an impoundment ouall to WOTUS, not hold that the [Act] covers discharges to like a creek or stream, a federal NPDES permit is triggered with ground water itself. Instead, we hold only effluent limits restricng the nature and concentraon of any that an alleged discharge of pollutants, biological pollutants. Regulaon of pits, ponds, and lagoons reaching navigable waters located 1,000 with no discharge point has generally fallen outside of EPA’s feet or less from the point source by means jurisdicon, and some states exempt them all together. of ground water with a direct hydrological

26 August 2018 Render www.rendermagazine.com connecon to such navigable waters, falls Mark Your Calendar within the scope of the [Act]. The court concluded the pipeline itself is the “point source” from which petroleum pollutants discharged eventually to August WOTUS. 3rd Annual Canadian Beef Industry Conference Under the Kinder Morgan case, any “discharge of a August 14-16, London, ON, Canada pollutant” need not be directly from a point source into www.canadianbeefindustryconference.com navigable water. It is enough if the release eventually reaches a navigable stream. September The Future 11th Annual National Aboveground Storage Tank These cases suggest there is some confusion over whether Conference and Trade Show or not EPA may require permits for no-discharge systems like September 12-13, Galveston, TX • www.nistm.org pits, ponds, and lagoons. Where EPA can show pollutants from such impoundments reach a WOTUS desnaon via 2018 Feed and Pet Food Joint Conference groundwater migraon, the chances of regulaon go up. For September 17-19, St. Louis, MO • www.ngfa.org renderers, this changes things. Percolaon impoundments are all of a sudden back in play for NPDES permit. Global Aquaculture Alliance’s Global Outlook on It may be prudent for rendering plants to plan now to Aquaculture Leadership (GOAL) avoid long-term perming confusion and enforcement by September 25-27, Ecuador • www.aquaculturealliance.org following these steps: 1. Parcipate by geng involved with the Naonal October Renderers Associaon to encourage limits on EPA Poultry Protein and Fat Seminar authority over no-discharge water systems and October 4-5, Nashville, TN • www.uspoultry.org submit comments opposing expansion of the Clean Water Act’s NDPES permit program to groundwater American Fats and Oils Association Annual Meeting migraon systems. October 10-11, New York, NY • www.fatsandoils.org 2. Audit exisng pits, ponds, and lagoons to determine whether or not the systems discharge pollutants United States Animal Health Association 122nd like biochemical oxygen demand, fecal coliform, or Annual Meeting chemical oxygen demand to nearby waterways. If October 18-24, Kansas City, MO • www.usaha.org pollutants are affecng WOTUS, the company may be best served to close those units prior to significant National Renderers Association 85th Annual EPA acon. Conference 3. Consider new technologies. Just because an October 22-26, Laguna Niguel, CA impoundment system escapes EPA perming today www.naonalrenderers.org does not mean it will forever. Consider a long-term plan to improve technology for all wastewater Visit www.rendermagazine.com for a complete updated list treatment opons at the plant. R of industry meeƟngs. Since 1972, Render magazine has been... Œ a trusted source for rendering industry news and information throughout North America and the world Œ the only publication of its kind and still is, at no charge to its readers Œ a resource for research, government, and legislative updates Œ an industry advocate providing education on rendered products to end-user industries Œ a tool in helping renderers make informed business decisions in operation, environment, and safety Œ an authoratative voice from experts in the field Œ a value-added publication for industry suppliers to reach their target audience There’s no better time to advertise in Render as rates remain at 2007 levels (530) 306-6792 • [email protected] • www.rendermagazine.com/media_kit www.rendermagazine.com Render August 2018 27 People, Places, and...

BTSA Opens US Office Frontline to Double BTSA, a leading European company in the manufacture of natural anoxidants, vitamin E, and omega 3 fay acids for food, cosmecs, personal care, and animal Size of Plant nutrion, has opened a new sales office in the United States. Aer opening its Frontline International Inc. is Mexico branch more than three years ago, the Spanish company connues with its doubling the size of its headquarters internaonalizaon plans in the Americas. in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio, to 30,000 The new office will be led by Chad Boeckman out of Chicago, Illinois. Boeckman square feet, with construcon due has more than 15 years of sales, markeng, and management experience in the to be completed in September 2018. food, pet, nutrional, and feed industries, focused on funconal ingredients. Virtually every aspect of the business BTSA exports from Spain to all of Europe, the United States, Canada, Lan will be affected by the project, including America, South Korea, Japan, Malaysia, India, Australia, New Zealand, and South significantly larger warehouse capacity Africa, among others. to facilitate faster delivery of product and expansion of the fabricaon and welding departments for quicker Centrisys Director Awarded product turnaround while maintaining Hiroko Yoshida, research and development directoror crical quality standards. at Centrisys/CNP in Kenosha, Wisconsin, was selected ass Dramac increases in internaonal one of Water & Wastes Digest top young up-and-comingg and domesc equipment sales spurred professionals in the water and wastewater industry who aree the new construcon. New Frontline under 40 years old. These individuals must not only excel inn programs were also contributing their professional lives, but also give back to their communityy factors, including the launch of a and hold globally conscious atudes and views about the turnkey iniave for which cooking industry’s importance and necessity around the world. oil management services are bundled “I’m very excited to have won this award and love Hiroko Yoshida with fixed monthly equipment leases. being part of such an innovave company,” Yoshida said. Frontline moved to the Cuyahoga Falls “It’s sasfying to start a project at the lab scale and see it progressprogress into a full locaon in 2010 aer previously being installaon with great results.” based in nearby Barberton. The plant Yoshida previously accepted an invitaon to the White House to aend the was designed to be modular for future Environmental Protecon Agency’s Nutrient Recycling Challenge conference and was growth. named one of the top four winners at the event. She noted one of her professional Frontline Internaonal designs, accomplishments as being part of the team was to bring the first full scale AirPrex manufactures, and distributes installaon to the United States. commercial foodservice equipment for Yoshida holds a bachelor of science in environmental studies from the University the storage, handling, and disposal of of Nebraska-Lincoln, a master of science in water resource management and civil cooking oil. and environmental engineering from the University of Wisconsin-Madison, and a PhD in environmental engineering from Technical University of Denmark. She specializes in solids handling and hopes to contribute to the advancement of the Neste Acquires industry as it relates to that specialty. She has worked at Centrisys/CNP for over Animal Fat Trader three years and is currently leading a pilot test program for the company’s newest phosphorus recovery technology. Yoshida is involved with data analysis and process Neste, a producer of renewable opmizaon. She said the technology may be used in both municipal and industrial fuels from waste and residues, has applicaons. purchased 51 percent of the shares in IH Demeter B.V., a trader of animal fats and proteins in the Netherlands. The Mullane Joins Dupps two companies will become co-owners Chad Mullane has joined The Dupps Company as a capital of the renamed Neste Demeter B.V. equipmentequ sales representave. Mullane has deep roots in The transacon is subject to regulatory the rendering industry. His great-grandfather built the B.A. approval. ToToe rendering plant on Long Island, New York, years ago Founded in 1924, IH Demeter has andand his father, Dennis Mullane, built a rendering plant for become a large trader of animal fats TaylorTay Byproducts in Wyalusing, Pennsylvania, now owned and proteins. Its network covers some by Cargill. 150 rendering facilities throughout Mullane most recently worked at Centrisys and was Europe, from which it acquires animal previouslypr employed by Haarslev, JCR Enterprises (now fats and proteins and transports them to their own storage facilies. R Chad Mullane ValleyVa Proteins), and Taylor Byproducts. He has also worked as a rendering plant manager.

28 August 2018 Render www.rendermagazine.com Innovate Conference October 23, 2018 • Laguna Niguel, CA At the National Renderers Association 85th Annual Convention

Come hear about FPRF research leading rendering’s path to: • Zero waste because of valuable uses for brown grease, hog hair, blood, meat and bone meal, feathers, fats, and proteins • Gaining new respect for animal by-products as high-end pet food ingredients by building better relationships with the pet food industry and consumers • No rejected loads by rethinking oxidation, improving methods, and sending everything to the right place • A cleaner environment with efficient water treatment and by using rendered products to remediate contaminated soils

An impressive lineup of speakers: Dr. Ken Tasaki, Los Angeles, CA Dr. Kevin Finneran, Clemson University Dr. Michele Sayles, Diamond Pet Foods Dr. B.J. Bench, Tyson Foods

Rendering research leads to: Î More high-end products Í Ï Higher value for low-end products Ï ‘ Expansion of high volume markets into new areas ‘ 9 Fewer rejected loads 9 Ð Reduced waste Ð

All FPRF members and NRA convention attendees are encouraged to attend! Learn how FPRF research benefits EVERYONE in the industry and how you can get involved.

For more information, contact Dr. David Meeker at [email protected] Or visit convention.nationalrenderers.org THE STORY OF RENDERING

ANIMAL RENDERING PROCESS RENDERED 1 LEFTOVERS & OILS 2 3 INGREDIENTS ARE COLLECTED FROM USED TO PRODUCE: GROUND to a uniform size MEATS BIOFUEL/GREEN ENERGY COOKED to separate fat & protein Dog Food & to kill bacteria MEAT LOCKERS, PACKING PET FOOD PLANTS & BUTCHER SHOPS Ex: scraps, bones, fat, blood, feathers FAT PROTEIN LIVESTOCK FEED

GROCERY AQUACULTURE FEED FAT PURIFIED PROTEIN by centrifuge GROUND to uniform size GROCERY STORES FERTILIZER Ex: scraps, expired rotisserie

chickens, meats SOAP Ingredients ready to PERSONAL CARE ITEMS be used in new cosmetics, soap, perfumes, products shaving cream, deodorant

FINISHED PRODUCTS FINISHED PRODUCTS INDUSTRIAL USES RESTAURANTS tallow, choice white grease, meat meal, blood meal, meat & bone meal, leather, lubricants, paint, Ex: used cooking oil fat for feeding, yellow grease, poultry fat poultry meal, poultry by-product meal, feather meal varnishes, cleaners, rubber   
  

    

 
 

   


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Please join for more news, like: Poultry company loses a customer RRENDERENDER because of these labels. The International Magazine of Rendering is on The National Magazine of Rendering “The Story of Rendering” RENDERINGRENDERING ISIS RECYCLINGRECYCLING

WHAT MATERIALS ARE RENDERED? WHAT ARE THE PRODUCTS OF RENDERING? Packing Plants Renderers collect: head of cattle, calves, hogs & sheep are 147.2 MILLION slaughtered annually in the US BILLION POUNDS 56of raw materials every year in the U.S. and Canada APPROXIMATELY 50% If all renderable product was 10 BILLION of the animal is considered inedible by sent to the landfill, all available chickens and turkeys are Americans and goes to renderers landfill space would be used in processed each year in the US including: bones, fat, blood, feathers & 4 YEARS some internal organs

Farms Some animals die on the farm from injury, old age, or other Renderers recycle these materials into: issues. These animals represent about 4.5% of rendered product PROTEIN PROTEIN PROTEIN PROTEIN PROTEIN Grocery Stores generate Renderers collect & PROTEIN PROTEIN PROTEIN PROTEIN Super Foods of scraps, fat, bone, 10 9 expired meat & 4.4 BILLION POUNDS BILLION used cooking oil of used cooking oil per year in the BILLION POUNDS BILLION POUNDS 1.92 POUNDS annually U.S. and Canada of fat and oil products of protein products annually National Renderers Association t 500 Montgomery St, Suite 310, Alexandria, VA 22314 t (703) 683-0155 t www.nationalrenderers.org

32 August 2018 Render www.rendermagazine.com A new spin on centrifuges

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