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Indonesian Primate Profile Macaca Maura Common Names: English: Moor Macaque, Celebes Macaque; French: Macaque Maure; Spanish: Macaca Mora; Indonesia: Dare (IUCN 2008)

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Indonesian Primate Profile Macaca Maura Common Names: English: Moor Macaque, Celebes Macaque; French: Macaque Maure; Spanish: Macaca Mora; Indonesia: Dare (IUCN 2008) Jurnal Primatologi Indonesia, Vol. 14, No. 1, Januari 2017, hlm. 1-2 ISSN 1410-5373 Indonesian Primate Profile Macaca maura Common Names: English: Moor Macaque, Celebes Macaque; French: Macaque maure; Spanish: Macaca mora; Indonesia: dare (IUCN 2008) Figure 1 Macaca maura (dare) at Bantimurung National Park, South Sulawesi (source: Nurul Mukhlisah 2015) Macaca maura is one of the seven pad that may swell and change in color to pink members of the genus Macaca that are endemic or red in females, according to the reproductive to South of Sulawesi Island. This species state of the animal. Sexual maturity is generally locally known as “dare”, which literally means reached at 6-7 years of age. Interbirth interval is monkey in the local language. This member of about 32 months (Okamoto et al. 2000). the Cercopithecidae family is found in Karaenta Feeding is one of the most prominent Forest, Bantimurung Bulusaraung National activities in this species. Their diet consists Park. The animals are distributed only in the of fruits, leaves, young leaves, insects, southern and western peninsular of Sulawesi mushrooms, plant stems, and flowers (Lee et Island (Okamoto et al. 2000). This species al. 2001). They usually gather food from one protected by the Indonesian law and declared food resource and then take it to another tree as critically endangered by the International where they feel safer to consume it. They use Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural their cheek pouches to store and carry the food Resources (IUCN). The populations of this before eating it. All activities of this species animal are fragmented and limited to the karst are performed quadrupedally. In other words, areas, where they are constantly threatened by they use their four limbs when they are either cement quarry activities (Supriatna et al. 2008). arboreal or on land. The population density in Karaenta Forest The main threats to this species are habitat was once estimated 70 individuals per km2 in destruction and fragmentation (Evans et al. 1998 (Okamoto et al. 2000), but the number 2001). Occasionally, these animals are captured keeps decreasing at a high rate for at least three and eliminated by the local farmers where they generations, halving the population density to are considered as intruders and a threat to the 25-50 individuals per km2. crops. The rapid human population growth has Supriatna (2000) reported that on been pushing the Moor macaques aside, forcing average, adult Moor macaques weigh 5-6 them to move to the karst areas where the kg, 500-690 mm in body length, and 30-55 ecology is heavily exploited and cannot provide mm in tail length. Moor macaques are coated adequate food and shelter for the animals. This with light brown, blackish brown, to grey fur. has been a very challenging problem, not only The fur color varies from light brown to dark for the Moor macaques, but for every wildlife grey as the animal grows older. They have the that is forced to survive in the karst areas of characteristic of ischial callosity, an anogenital South Sulawesi. 2 Jurnal Primatologi Indonesia, Vol. 14, No. 1, Januari 2017, hlm. 1-2 References Supriatna J. 2000. Primates of Indonesia. Jakarta (ID): Yayasan Obor. Evans BJ, Supriatna J, Melnick DJ. 2001. Supriatna J, Froehlich JW, Erwin JM, Hybridization and population genetics of two macaque species in Sulawesi, Southwick CH. 1992. Population, Indonesia. Evolution 55(8): 1686-1702. habitat and conservation status of Macaca Lee RJ, Riley J, Merrill R. 2001. maurus, Macaca tonkeana and their Keanekaragaman Hayati dan Konservasi putative hybrids. Tropical Biodiversity 1: di Sulawesi Bagian Utara. Jakarta (ID): 31-48. Wildlife Conservation Societies (WCS), Supriatna J, Shekelle M, Burton J. 2008. Natural Resources dan Departemen Kehutanan. Macaca maura. The IUCN Red Okamoto K, Matsumura S, Watanabe K. List of Threatened Species2008:e. 2000. Life history and demography of T12553A3356200.Http://dx.doi. wild Moor macaques (Macaca maurus): org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS. Summary of ten years of observations. T12553A3356200.en. Downloaded on 09 American Journal of Primatology 52: June 2016. 1-11..
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