Finding Art at Mount Auburn Cemetery

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Finding Art at Mount Auburn Cemetery Pg. 00 Roberto Mighty (Cronin).qxp_AFD May BOOK 2/4/16 10:21 AM Page 18 Opposite page: photographer Roberto Mighty at work in Mount Auburn Cemetery in Cambridge, History Massachusetts. This page, clockwise By Steve Cronin from top: A mausoleum at Mount Auburn Cemetery; Memorial stone for former slave Peter Byus; Triste statuary. (Photos courtesy of Roberto Mighty) finding at Mount Auburn Multimedia Artist Enjoying Residency at Historic Cemetery As a young courting couple, Roberto Mighty’s profiling.” Talk to Mighty and it’s clear the parents enjoyed going to the cemetery and artist has developed a heartfelt connec - tion with people he is memorializing. reading poetry to one another. Now, more than six “The essence of a cemetery is to art commemorate the dead. I like to decades later, their son is using a cemetery to think my project commemorates Mighty, 60, brings a lifetime of inspire a creative expression of his own. them in a different way, a new kind varied experiences to his project. of way,” the artist said. When he was younger, he built a Mount Auburn is an island of na - recording studio where he produced Since 2014, Mighty has been the There is Peter Byus, an escaped ture and solitude in one of Massa - radio commercials and radio theater. artist-in-residence at Mount Au- slave who found freedom and success chusetts’ most-heavily populated His career has also included produc - burn Cemetery in Cambridge, in Massachusetts; Frank Ernest areas. Much of Mighty’s Earth.Sky ing TV shows and commercials, as Massachusetts. James, a young boy who died in project celebrates the 185-year-old well as directing audiobooks. Actors Mighty combines film, music, spo - 1863 and whose monument is a stat - cemetery’s natural setting and the he worked with on the audiobooks One of those projects included the When the work was completed, ken word and photography to memo - ue of a child clutching a book; and tranquility found there. lend their voices to his films about restoration of a monument to Amos cemetery officials did not want to see rialize and celebrate the stories found Gerald R. Dagesse, a member of the “There is a tradition in my family the cemetery. Binney, co-founder of the Boston Mighty leave. among the cemetery’s more than Boston Gay Men’s Chorus and part of thinking of cemeteries as beautiful It is one of the people interred at Society of Natural History. Binney “We decided that it would be great 98,000 interments – and he doesn’t of one of the first legally married places, and Mount Auburn is one of the cemetery who is responsible, in a died in 1847. His monument, to have Roberto extend his work at just focus on the many famous people same-sex couples in the state. the most beautiful places I have ever way, for Mighty having his residency. carved by Thomas Crawford, is the cemetery,” Bree Harvey, vice buried at Mount Auburn. Dagesse died in 2008. been in,” Mighty said. “It’s extraor - Mount Auburn named Mighty its considered a national treasure. president of cemetery and visitor ser - The Boston artist tells the tales of To tell the personal stories he dinary. You think of yourself as artist in residence after receiving a Mighty was charged with docu - vices at Mount Auburn, said. “We everyday people interred at the finds so compelling, Mighty spends being in a city, then you walk $92,000 grant from the Institute for menting the restoration. (The Bin - wanted to give him more of a blank- cemetery – people with fascinating “countless hours in the cemetery, through a gate and suddenly you are Museum and Library Service to doc - ney monument was profiled in the slate opportunity to create his own stories that might otherwise be over - but even more hours researching in 175 acres of rolling landscape.” ument and restore about 30 of its sig - September 2015 issue of American series of videos that would encapsu - looked. the backgrounds of the people I am nificant monuments. Cemetery & Cremation.) late the spirit of Mount Auburn.” Reprinted from American Cemetery & Cremation Magazine, February 2016, with permission of Kates-Boylston Publications. Reprinted from American Cemetery & Cremation Magazine, February 2016, with permission of Kates-Boylston Publications. To subscribe to American Cemetery & Cremation visit www.americancemetery.com. To subscribe to American Cemetery & Cremation visit www.americancemetery.com. Pg. 00 Roberto Mighty (Cronin).qxp_AFD May BOOK 2/4/16 10:21 AM Page 20 In August, the cemetery received long program featured 10 “digital said. “I have come face to face with a an additional $5,000 in grants, tone poems” that combined images coyote. That was pretty exciting. You allowing Mighty to extend his work. of the landscapes with readings and know you are not looking at Rover. Mighty is enjoying his time at recordings of ambient sounds from There is a sensation of great concern.” Notable Names at Rest Mount Auburn, the first garden the cemetery, including bird calls, He recalls an encounter with an cemetery in the nation. Opened in cricket chirps and lawn mower noise. owl, where he felt the bird “was Opening in 1831, Mount Auburn Cemetery was the first garden or rural cemetery in the United States. 1831 with help from the Massachu - The images were projected onto the communicating with me.” Over almost two centuries of existence, Mount Auburn has served as the final resting place for a host of setts Horticultural Society, Mount architectural surfaces of the chapel, “I’m not a birder, but that is the notable people. Here are some of the people interred at Mount Auburn: Auburn was intended to address the melding Mighty’s work with the very feeling I had,” he said. health concerns associated with over - bones of the cemetery building. Working alone at night among near - Edwin Booth (1833–1893), actor crowded city churchyards. Designed Mighty was hoping for an immer - ly 100,000 headstones, Mighty does Nathaniel Bowditch (1773–1838), founder of modern maritime navigation like a park, the cemetery includes sive experience for visitors, a goal he not feel spooked or afraid. He does, William Brewster (1851–1919), ornithologist horticultural displays, rolling hills thinks he accomplished. He plans on however, take seriously his obligation McGeorge Bundy (1919–1996), presidential Cabinet official and water features in addition to an doing a similar, but larger, program to the dead and to their loved ones Dorothea Dix (1802–1887), hospital reformer impressive assortment of grave mark - when his residency wraps up in May who visit the cemetery. ers and memorials. 2017. The Mount Auburn project “I am well aware when I am work - Mary Baker Eddy (1821–1910), religious leader ing that there are all kinds of ideas of Edward Everett (1794–1865), speaker at dedication of national cemetery in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania where you should step or not step,” he Fannie Farmer (1857–1915), cookbook author said. “It’s not that anyone is looking Buckminster Fuller (1895–1983), architect over my shoulder as I work, but I am Charles Dana Gibson (1867–1944), illustrator aware I am in a cemetery, and to the loved ones of the people who are Curt Gowdy (1919–2006), sportscaster buried there, it is sacred ground.” He Winslow Homer (1836–1910), artist added, “When I am working, I might Julia Ward Howe (1819–1910), author of “Battle Hymn of the Republic” see there is a spot I need to be at to get Henry Cabot Lodge (1850–1924), politician the best angle with a lens, but if it is a sensitive spot, I won’t stand there.” Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1807–1882), poet Working so much in the cemetery, Bernard Malamud (1914–1986), author Mighty has developed an affinity for Clement G. Morgan (1859-1929), founder of the NAACP the people he is profiling in his project. Francis Parkman (1823–1893), historian and author One of his deepest connections is B.F. Skinner (1904–1990), psychologist with Byus, the escaped slave whose monument features a man kneeling In addition to graves, the cemetery also has a memorial to Col. Robert Gould Shaw, commander of the amid his broken shackles. 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Regiment, who was buried with his troops following their 1863 assault on After escaping from Virginia, Byus Fort Wagner in South Carolina. settled on Beacon Hill and became a tailor. When he died in 1867, Byus left money to finance a search for his The beauty of Mount Auburn isn’t the only thing Mighty is work - brother, who was still a slave, and to posed problems for Mighty, who did ing on. He was recently among the buy his sibling’s freedom. The search not want to merely duplicate the 11 artists the city of Boston selected was unsuccessful, and the remainder work of the hundreds of amateur and for an artist-in-residence program. of Byus’ estate went toward his wish professional photographers who have Mighty is a frequent visitor to the to support “the uplifting of the negro already found inspiration at the cemetery. He has his own key and race,” Mighty said. cemetery. prefers to visit in early mornings and Stories such as Byus’, or those of “There are so many photographers, late evenings, when he doesn’t have Dagesse or Edward T. Damon, a Har - filmmakers and people in general with to worry as much about any of the vard medical student who died in 1859 cameras who spend a lot of time tak - cemetery’s 200,000 annual visitors while caring for smallpox patients, ing photographs of beautiful things,” straying into his frame.
Recommended publications
  • Sweet Auburn, Fall 2013
    Sweet Auburn Magazine of the Friends of Mount Auburn | Fall 2013 The Art of Memory: Monuments Through Time Fall 2013 | 1 President’sSweet Auburn Corner A publication of the President’s Corner Friends of Mount Auburn Cemetery Many of the pleasures of Mount Auburn are ephemeral, 580 Mount Auburn Street from the brightly-plumaged warblers and vibrant flowers Cambridge, MA 02138 of the spring to the spectacular foliage of the fall. But one 617-547-7105 johnston Jennifer by photo www.mountauburn.org feature remains constant throughout the year–the monuments Editorial Committee erected in the landscape to honor the memory of those buried here. These monuments, ranging from inscribed flat memorials Bree D. Harvey, Editor Vice President of Cemetery & Visitor Services to tall and grand works of sculptural art, appear to be solid Jennifer J. Johnston, Managing Editor unmoving stone, but they have lives of their own, both in Webmaster, Media & Imaging Coordinator the stories they tell and in their presence in the landscape David P. Barnett, Contributing Editor around them. Their stories live on through the research Dave Barnett President & CEO, Mount Auburn Cemetery and educational efforts of our historical collections staff Steve Brown / Preservation Craftsperson and volunteers, while their physical presence lives on through the work of our preservation Jessica Bussmann / Education & Volunteer Coordinator staff. In this issue, we explore the meaning and challenges of maintaining these monuments Jane M. Carroll / Vice President of Development of Mount Auburn and introduce you to the staff responsible for preserving them. We also Dennis Collins / Horticultural Curator provide examples of how new monuments continue to enhance the landscape as new memories and traditions are added to the collection that make the Cemetery a visible Candace Currie / Director of Planning & Sustainability representation of remembrance and love for those who have passed.
    [Show full text]
  • Nathaniel Bowditch from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
    Nathaniel Bowditch From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Nathaniel Bowditch (1773-1838), American mathematician and actuary Bowditch is often credited as the founder of modern maritime navigation. Born March 26, 1773 Salem, Province of Massachusetts Bay Died March 16, 1838 (aged 64) Boston, Massachusetts, U.S. Occupation Mathematician, ship's captain, and actuary Spouse(s) Elizabeth Boardman Bowditch, Mary Polly Ingersoll Bowditch Nathaniel Bowditch was an early American mathematician remembered for his work on ocean navigation. He is often credited as the founder of modern maritime navigation; his book The New American Practical Navigator, first published in 1802, is still carried on board every commissioned U.S. Naval vessel. In 2001, an elementary and middle school in Salem was named in his honor. Life and work Nathaniel Bowditch, the fourth of seven children, was born in Salem, Province of Massachusetts Bay, to Habakkuk Bowditch, a cooper, and Mary (Ingersoll) Bowditch. At the age of ten, he was made to leave school to work in his father's cooperage, before becoming indentured at twelve for nine years as a bookkeeping apprentice to a ship chandler. In 1786, age fourteen, Bowditch began to study algebra and two years later he taught himself calculus. He also taught himself Latin in 1790 and French in 1792 so he was able to read mathematical works such as Isaac Newton's Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica. He found thousands of errors in John Hamilton Moore's The New Practical Navigator; at eighteen, he copied all the mathematical papers of the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London.
    [Show full text]
  • MOUNT AUBURN CEMETERY Page 1 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form
    NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARK NOMINATION NFS Form 10-900 USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form (Rev. 8-8 OMB No. 1024-0018 MOUNT AUBURN CEMETERY Page 1 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form 1. NAME OF PROPERTY Historic Name: Mount Auburn Cemetery Other Name/Site Number: n/a 2. LOCATION Street & Number: Roughly bounded by Mount Auburn Street, Not for publication:_ Coolidge Avenue, Grove Street, the Sand Banks Cemetery, and Cottage Street City/Town: Watertown and Cambridge Vicinityj_ State: Massachusetts Code: MA County: Middlesex Code: 017 Zip Code: 02472 and 02318 3. CLASSIFICATION Ownership of Property Category of Property Private: X Building(s): _ Public-Local: _ District: X Public-State: _ Site: Public-Federal: Structure: _ Object:_ Number of Resources within Property Contributing Noncontributing 4 4 buildings 1 ___ sites 4 structures 15 ___ objects 26 8 Total Number of Contributing Resources Previously Listed in the National Register: 26 Name of Related Multiple Property Listing: n/a NFS Form 10-900 USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form (Rev. 8-86) OMB No. 1024-0018 MOUNT AUBURN CEMETERY Page 2 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form 4. STATE/FEDERAL AGENCY CERTIFICATION As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, I hereby certify that this ___ nomination ___ request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60.
    [Show full text]
  • Ricotta Cheese Recipe
    Time Travel Tuesday: All About Cookstoves From hearth cooking to the first gas cookers, kitchens have been greatly upgraded over the last 200 years. Hearth cooking or cooking over a fireplace was common prior to the 18th century. There became an increasing need to improve this system to better use the heat from the fire. Count Rumford, American born, invented what is considered the early stove in the 1790s. It was made of brick masonry but was too cumbersome to be used in domestic settings. In the 1850s cast iron became the prominent material for stoves and allowed people to have them in their homes. These stoves were smaller and burned coal and wood. In the 1880s, following the gas lighting industry, gas stoves became popular due to their smaller size and ease of use. A major convenience was that the gas could be saved by turning it off when the stove was not in use. In our 1890 Farm Manager’s House at Billings Farm & Museum, we have a wood-burning cookstove. Before the invention of the gas stove, homes with cast iron wood burning stoves would move them from the kitchen to an outdoor space called the summer kitchen. This would remove a primary heat source from the house and keep it cooler and more comfortable. Who was Fannie Farmer? Fannie Farmer, born in Massachusetts, became famous for her book The Boston Cooking-School Cook Book, also known as the Fannie Farmer Cookbook, which was first published in 1896. She developed the concept of using standardized measuring tools for her recipes to ensure that those who were making them would come out with the same product each time.
    [Show full text]
  • About the Cover: Laplace and His American Translator
    MATHEMATICAL PERSPECTIVES BULLETIN (New Series) OF THE AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL SOCIETY Volume 51, Number 1, January 2014, Pages 131–135 S 0273-0979(2013)01436-8 Article electronically published on September 25, 2013 ABOUT THE COVER: LAPLACE AND HIS AMERICAN TRANSLATOR GERALD L. ALEXANDERSON Pierre Simon, Marquis de Laplace (1749–1827), has often been referred to as the “French Newton”. Much of his scientific work was in extending the work of Newton on the movement of the planets. He was, along with Lagrange, one of the two most able mathematicians in France in the 18th century, though identifying him as a mathematician may be misleading, since he did a combination of what we would today call mathematics, physics, and astronomy. Nevertheless, as R. Hahn, Laplace’s biographer, points out, “Laplace’s fundamental message ... was the same: Newton’s principle of gravitation was the basic true law of nature that fully governed the solar system” [2, p. 144]. He came from a family of modest means, farmers in the Calvados district (Nor- mandy). Not surprisingly the family produced cider. He most certainly was not a marquis from birth. The title came much later after he had been made a count in 1806 by Napoleon I during the First Empire and later a marquis in 1821 by Louis XVIII during the Bourbon Restoration. (Lagrange, his long-time rival, was made a count by Napoleon in 1808 but did not make it to the next step—he died before the Bourbons came back into power.) Early in life he had been interested in some number theory problems and dif- ferential equations, but in the period between 1796 and 1812 he published four major books: his Exposition du syst`eme du monde (1796—l’an IV), the Th´eorie de m´ecanique c´eleste (the first two volumes in 1798 or 1799—l’an VII, the third in 1802, and the fourth in 1805; a fifth volume, mainly devoted to commentary, came out considerably later, in 1825).
    [Show full text]
  • History of Probability (Part 5) – Laplace (1749-1827) Pierre-Simon
    History of Probability (Part 5) – Laplace (1749-1827) Pierre -Simon Laplace was born in 1749, when the phrase “theory of probability” was gradually replacing “doctrine of chances.” Assigning a number to the probability of an event was seen as more convenient mathematically than calculating in terms of odds. At the same time there was a growing sense that the mathematics of probability was useful and important beyond analysis of games of chance. By the time Laplace was in his twenties he was a major contributor to this shift. He remained a “giant” of theoretical probability for 50 years. His work, which we might call the foundations of classical probability theory , established the way we still teach probability today. Laplace grew up during a period of tremendous discovery and invention in math and science, perhaps the greatest in modern history, often called the age of enlightenment. In France, as the needs of the country were changing, the role of the major religious groups in higher education was diminishing. Their primary charge remained the education of those who would become the leading religious leaders, but other secular institutions of learning were established, where the emphasis was on math and science rather than theology. Laplace’s father wanted him to be a cleric and sent him to the University of Caen, a religiously oriented college. Fortunately, Caen had excellent math professors who taught the still fairly new calculus. When he graduated, Laplace, against his father’s wishes, decided to go to Paris to become a fulltime mathematician rather than a cleric who could do math on the side.
    [Show full text]
  • Nathaniel Bowditch House AND/OR HISTORIC: Nathaniel Bowditch House
    THEME: Scientific Discovery and NATIC .L HISTORIC LA1OMARK "nvention Form 10-300 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR (Rev. 6-72) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Massachusetts COUNTY: NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES Essex .(NATIONAL FISTOHI(J NVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM FOR NPS USE ONLY LANDMAEiiS) ENTRY DATE (Type all entries complete applicable sections) Nathaniel Bowditch House AND/OR HISTORIC: Nathaniel Bowditch House STREET AND NUMBER: 9 North Street CITY OR TOWN: CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT: Salem Sixth COUNTY: Massachusetts 025 Essex 009 CATEGORY ACCESSIBLE OWNERSHIP STATUS (Check One) TO THE PUBLIC District (jg Building Public Public Acquisition: Occupied Yes: £3 Restricted Site Q Structure Private || In Process Unoccupied [~] Unrestricted D Object Both [ | Being Considered Preservation work in progress D No PRESENT USE (Check One or More as Appropriate) [ I Agricultural ffi Government D Pork [ I Transportation [ I Comments [ | Commercial [ | Industrial [ | Private Residence D Other (Specify) [ | Educational n Military [ | Religious PI Entertainment [ | Museum D Scientific OWNER'S NAME: City of Salem, Office of the Mayor STREET AND NUMBER: City Hall, 93 Washington Street CITY OR TOWN: STATE: CODF Salem Massachusetts -QZ1 COURTHOUSE, REGISTRY OF DEEDS, ETC: Essex Registry of Deeds, Southern District STREET AND NUMBER: 32 Federal Street Cl TY OR TOWN: STATE Salem Massachusetts 025 TITLE OF SURVEY: None DATE OF SURVEY: D Federal State [[] County Local DEPOSITORY FOR SURVEY RECORDS: STREET AND NUMBER: CITY OR TOWN: STATE: (Check One) Excellent Sf Good Q] Fair Q Deteriorated Q Ruins D Unexposed CONDITION (Check One; ("Check One) Altered Q] Unaltered Moved Q Original Site DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (if fcnoivn,) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE The Nathaniel Bowditch House was constructed early in the 19th century on Essex Street in Salem, Massachusetts; it was moved to its present location at 9 North Street, Salem, c.
    [Show full text]
  • Nathaniel B, Actuarial 2017
    Nathaniel Bowditch: A Great Early U.S. Mathematician and Navigator, Who Earned his Living Through Insurance M. A. (Ken) Clements and Nerida Ellerton Illinois State University Presented at Illinois State University Actuarial Research Event May 5, 2017 We start with a quiz: What were the most Populated U.S. “cities,” in 1700, 1790, and 1800? [Source: Internet (for 1700) and U.S. Census, for 1790, 1800] 1700 Boston, 6 700; New York, 4 900; Philadelphia, 4 400. 1790 1800 Philadelphia 49 000 Philadelphia 62 000 New York 33 000 New York 60 000 Boston 18 000 Baltimore 26 000 Charleston 16 000 Boston 25 000 Baltimore 14 000 Charleston 19 000 Salem, MA 8 000 Salem, MA 9 500 In 1800, Salem had the highest mean per-capita income of any urban center in the United States. Elias Derby, of Salem, was, reputedly, the nation’s richest person (Peabody Essex Museum, undated). He is said to have been North America’s first millionaire. Salem had become famous for something more than its notorious witch trial. It was well known for its lucrative shipping links to India, and its contributions to the spice trade. Elias Hasket Derby (1739-1799) Elias Hasket Derby, at one time (from a painting by James reputedly North America’s richest Frothingham (1786-1864) person, established a school of navigation in Salem for young seamen He hired competent teachers, and many young men availed themselves of this opportunity. [Phillips, J. D. (1947). Salem and the Indies: The story of the great commercial era of the city. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, p.
    [Show full text]
  • A Brief Sketch of the Life of Nathaniel Bowditch
    A Brief Sketch of the Life of Nathaniel Bowditch As long as ships shall sail, the needle point to the north, and the stars go through their wonted courses in the heavens, the name of Dr. Bowditch will be revered as one who helped his fellow man in a time of need … Extract from a resolution of the Salem Marine Society following the death of Nathaniel Bowditch Humble Beginnings Just how did a boy born in Salem Massachusetts, who was so poor that one of his chores was to carry a shovel full of hot coals from the big house with the seven gables that sat at the end of his street home to light the fire in the kitchen fireplace, become so revered? The chore of ‘carrying fire’ was a difficult and responsible job for a young boy to have. When the fire went out, hot coals were needed to rekindle the wood and start the flames burning again. The fireplaces in homes of this era were very large and depended on to cook all the food, heat hot water, and keep the house warm. So keeping the fire burning at all times was necessary. Even though Nathaniel was young and not very strong, he carried the hot and heavy shovel of burning coals up Turner Street from what is now known as the House of the Seven Gables to his family home. Nathaniel Bowditch learned at a very young age to be responsible and diligent in his chores. And, although he started off life in a poor and humble family, with very little education, he became highly respected throughout the world for his mathematical and scientific accomplishments.
    [Show full text]
  • Salem Maritime National Historic Site Transportation System Existing Conditions
    National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Salem Maritime National Historic Site Salem, Massachusetts Salem Maritime National Historic Site Transportation System Existing Conditions PMIS No. 99923 November 2010 Report notes This report was prepared by the U.S. Department of Transportation John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center, in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The Project Team was led by Michael Dyer, of the Infrastructure and Facility Engineering Division, and included Alex Linthicum of the Transportation Systems Planning and Assessment Division. This effort was undertaken in fulfillment of PMIS 99923. The project statement of work was included in the August 2008 interagency agreement between the Northeast Region of the National Park Service and the Volpe Center (F4505087777). Table of Contents 1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................... 1 2 Project overview ................................................................................................................................................. 1 3 Overview of Salem ............................................................................................................................................. 2 4 Park location and attractions ........................................................................................................................... 5 5 Visitation ............................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Nathaniel Bowditch (1773–1838): Christian Self-Government & Self-Education in the Field of Mathematics by Darold Booton, Jr
    The Foundation for American Christian Education Forming Christian Character in Children . Since 1965! Principle Approach Education Nathaniel Bowditch (1773–1838): Christian self-Government & self-eduCation in the field of mathematiCs by Darold Booton, Jr. INTRODUCTION Verna M. Hall observed that, “Each religion has a form of government, and Christianity astonished the world by establishing self-government. With the landing of the Pilgrims in 1620, Christian self- government became the foundation stone of the United States of America . .” 1 Along with a form of government, each religion, or view of God and man, has an associated type of education. From the same soil in which the seed of local self-government was planted sprang America’s distinctive type of education—self-education. Americans often learned to read with nothing more than the Bible, the works of William Shakespeare, and the New England Primer or Webster’s “blue-backed” speller; for these were the books that were carried across the continent as families took up the responsibility to educate their children. Webster’s American Spelling Book appeared in 1783—the year in which the American Revolution ended. It was a declaration of independence from European ideas of education and it provided the principles for spelling, pronunciation and grammar to be learned in school or out of school . The “blue-backed” speller might be found in log cabins, on flatboats travelling the rivers and canals and on the prairie-schooners—the covered wagons creaking west. And with the spelling lessons were many short stories teaching moral precepts, many Biblical admonitions, and examples of Christian character.
    [Show full text]
  • Exhibition About Early American Cookbooks
    2010 Recipes for Life – Early American Cookbooks and the Women who wrote them Marie Johansen Info 669 Special Collections, Professor Reed 6/12/2010 CONTENTS Preface .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Label 1: ‘American Cookery’ ............................................................................................................................................... 6 Label 2: ‘The American Frugal Housewife’ ................................................................................................................... 8 Label 3: ‘The good housekeeper’ ..................................................................................................................................... 10 Label 4: ‘The ladies’ new book of cookery’ ................................................................................................................. 12 Label 5: ‘The American woman’s home’ ...................................................................................................................... 14 Label 6: ‘Common Sense in the Household’ ................................................................................................................ 17 Label 7: ‘The Practical Housekeeper’
    [Show full text]