DOCSLIB.ORG

Facilitating Migration of Coastal Landforms and Habitats by Removing

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Facilitating Migration of Coastal Landforms and Habitats by Removing National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Facilitating migration of coastal landforms and habitats by removing shore protection structures An adaptation strategy for Northeast Region units of the National Park Service Natural Resource Report NPS/NER/NRR—2016/1240 ON THE COVER Photograph of seawall and deteriorated bulkhead near Battery Kingman, Sandy Hook Unit, Gateway National Recreation Area. Photograph by K.F. Nordstrom Facilitating migration of coastal landforms and habitats by removing shore protection structures An adaptation strategy for Northeast Region units of the National Park Service Natural Resource Report NPS/NER/NRR—2016/1240 Karl F. Nordstrom Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences Rutgers University New Brunswick, NJ, 08901 Nancy L. Jackson Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark, NJ, 07102 June 2016 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science office in Fort Collins, Colorado, publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics. These reports are of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Report Series is used to disseminate comprehensive information and analysis about natural resources and related topics concerning lands managed by the National Park Service. The series supports the advancement of science, informed decision-making, and the achievement of the National Park Service mission. The series also provides a forum for presenting more lengthy results that may not be accepted by publications with page limitations. All manuscripts in the series receive the appropriate level of peer review to ensure that the information is scientifically credible, technically accurate, appropriately written for the intended audience, and designed and published in a professional manner. This report received formal peer review by subject-matter experts who were not directly involved in the collection, analysis, or reporting of the data, and whose background and expertise put them on par technically and scientifically with the authors of the information. Views, statements, findings, conclusions, recommendations, and data in this report do not necessarily reflect views and policies of the National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use by the U.S. Government. This report is available in digital format from the Natural Resource Publications Management website (http://www.nature.nps.gov/publications/nrpm/). To receive this report in a format optimized for screen readers, please email [email protected]. Please cite this publication as: Nordstrom, K. F., and N. L. Jackson. 2016. Facilitating migration of coastal landforms and habitats by removing shore protection structures: An adaptation strategy for Northeast Region units of the National Park Service. Natural Resource Report NPS/NER/NRR—2016/1240. National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado. NPS 962/133374, June 2016 ii Contents Page Figures.................................................................................................................................................. vii Tables .................................................................................................................................................... xi Appendices ..........................................................................................................................................xiii Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................. xv Acknowledgments .............................................................................................................................. xvii Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 1 The global issue .............................................................................................................................. 1 Potential actions by the National Park Service ............................................................................... 1 Study sites and policy framework .......................................................................................................... 5 Methods .................................................................................................................................................. 9 Relationship of present study to NPS Coastal Engineering Inventories .............................................. 15 The case for coastal erosion ................................................................................................................. 17 Beach and dune erosion ................................................................................................................ 17 Marsh erosion ............................................................................................................................... 17 Bluff erosion ................................................................................................................................. 18 Overview of results .............................................................................................................................. 21 Inventory of protection structures ................................................................................................ 21 Emerging adaptation plans and actions in parks .......................................................................... 24 Characteristics at individual parks ....................................................................................................... 27 Acadia National Park .................................................................................................................... 27 The situation ............................................................................................................................ 27 Options .................................................................................................................................... 28 Suggestions for structure removal ........................................................................................... 30 Salem Maritime National Historic Park ....................................................................................... 31 The situation ............................................................................................................................ 31 Options .................................................................................................................................... 31 Suggestions for structure removal ........................................................................................... 34 Saugus Iron Works National Historic Site ................................................................................... 34 iii Contents (continued) Page The situation ............................................................................................................................ 34 Options .................................................................................................................................... 34 Suggestions for structure removal ........................................................................................... 35 Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area ........................................................................ 35 The situation ............................................................................................................................ 35 Options .................................................................................................................................... 37 Case study 1: removal of the wall on the northeast side of Lovells Island ............................. 39 Case study 2: removal of protection from the north end of Thompson Island ........................ 41 Suggestions for structure removal ........................................................................................... 42 Cape Cod National Seashore ........................................................................................................ 42 Options .................................................................................................................................... 43 Case study: Herring Cove Beach ............................................................................................. 44 Suggestions for structure removal ........................................................................................... 44 Fire Island National Seashore ....................................................................................................... 45 The situation ............................................................................................................................ 45 Options .................................................................................................................................... 46 Suggestions for structure removal ..........................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The National Park System
    January 2009 Parks and Recreation in the United States The National Park System Margaret Walls BACKGROUNDER 1616 P St. NW Washington, DC 20036 202-328-5000 www.rff.org Resources for the Future Walls Parks and Recreation in the United States: The National Park System Margaret Walls∗ Introduction The National Park Service, a bureau within the U.S. Department of the Interior, is responsible for managing 391 sites—including national monuments, national recreation areas, national rivers, national parks, various types of historic sites, and other categories of protected lands—that cover 84 million acres. Some of the sites, such as Yellowstone National Park and the Grand Canyon, are viewed as iconic symbols of America. But the National Park Service also manages a number of small historical sites, military parks, scenic parkways, the National Mall in Washington, DC, and a variety of other protected locations. In this backgrounder, we provide a brief history of the Park Service, show trends in land acreage managed by the bureau and visitation at National Park Service sites over time, show funding trends, and present the challenges and issues facing the Park Service today. History National parks were created before there was a National Park Service. President Ulysses S. Grant first set aside land for a “public park” in 1872 with the founding of Yellowstone. Yosemite, General Grant (now part of Kings Canyon), and Sequoia National Parks in California were created in 1890, and nine years later Mount Rainier National Park was set aside in Washington. With passage of the Antiquities Act in 1906, the President was granted authority to declare historic landmarks, historic and prehistoric structures, and sites of scientific interest as national monuments.
    [Show full text]
  • New York City Comprehensive Waterfront Plan
    NEW YORK CITY CoMPREHENSWE WATERFRONT PLAN Reclaiming the City's Edge For Public Discussion Summer 1992 DAVID N. DINKINS, Mayor City of New lVrk RICHARD L. SCHAFFER, Director Department of City Planning NYC DCP 92-27 NEW YORK CITY COMPREHENSIVE WATERFRONT PLAN CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMA RY 1 INTRODUCTION: SETTING THE COURSE 1 2 PLANNING FRA MEWORK 5 HISTORICAL CONTEXT 5 LEGAL CONTEXT 7 REGULATORY CONTEXT 10 3 THE NATURAL WATERFRONT 17 WATERFRONT RESOURCES AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE 17 Wetlands 18 Significant Coastal Habitats 21 Beaches and Coastal Erosion Areas 22 Water Quality 26 THE PLAN FOR THE NATURAL WATERFRONT 33 Citywide Strategy 33 Special Natural Waterfront Areas 35 4 THE PUBLIC WATERFRONT 51 THE EXISTING PUBLIC WATERFRONT 52 THE ACCESSIBLE WATERFRONT: ISSUES AND OPPORTUNITIES 63 THE PLAN FOR THE PUBLIC WATERFRONT 70 Regulatory Strategy 70 Public Access Opportunities 71 5 THE WORKING WATERFRONT 83 HISTORY 83 THE WORKING WATERFRONT TODAY 85 WORKING WATERFRONT ISSUES 101 THE PLAN FOR THE WORKING WATERFRONT 106 Designation Significant Maritime and Industrial Areas 107 JFK and LaGuardia Airport Areas 114 Citywide Strategy fo r the Wo rking Waterfront 115 6 THE REDEVELOPING WATER FRONT 119 THE REDEVELOPING WATERFRONT TODAY 119 THE IMPORTANCE OF REDEVELOPMENT 122 WATERFRONT DEVELOPMENT ISSUES 125 REDEVELOPMENT CRITERIA 127 THE PLAN FOR THE REDEVELOPING WATERFRONT 128 7 WATER FRONT ZONING PROPOSAL 145 WATERFRONT AREA 146 ZONING LOTS 147 CALCULATING FLOOR AREA ON WATERFRONTAGE loTS 148 DEFINITION OF WATER DEPENDENT & WATERFRONT ENHANCING USES
    [Show full text]
  • Golden Gate National Recreation Area Foundation Document Overview
    NATIONAL PARK SERVICE • U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Foundation Document Overview Golden Gate National Recreation Area California Contact Information For more information about the Golden Gate National Recreation Area Foundation Document, contact: [email protected] or (415) 561-4700 or write to: Superintendent, Golden Gate National Recreation Area, Building 201, Fort Mason, San Francisco, CA 94123-0022 Description The Golden Gate Bridge, constructed in the 1930s, is the most recognizable landmark in the region. The bridge and its plaza receive millions of visitors annually. Situated at the northern tip of the San Francisco Peninsula, the Presidio has been part of Golden Gate National Recreation Area since 1994. For more than 200 years, the Presidio area was used as a military base, first by Spain in the late 1700s, briefly by Mexico in the 1800s, and by the United States from 1846 onward. Golden Gate National Recreation Area is widely known for its rich natural resources as well. The park helps protect parts of 19 separate ecosystems and numerous watersheds. It is also home to more than 1,250 plant and animal species, including many sensitive, rare, threatened, and endangered Golden Gate National Recreation Area is one of the largest species such as the mission blue butterfly, northern spotted urban parks in the world. The park’s extensive collection owl, and California red-legged frog. Golden Gate National of natural, historic, and scenic resources and diverse Recreation Area lands are also coastal preserves that recreational opportunities fulfill the purpose of bringing encompass many miles of bay and ocean shoreline. “parks to the people,” particularly to the 7 million people who live in the San Francisco Bay Area.
    [Show full text]
  • 23 League in New York Before They Were Purchased by Granville
    is identical to a photograph taken in 1866 (fig. 12), which includes sev- eral men and a rowboat in the fore- ground. From this we might assume that Eastman, and perhaps Chapman, may have consulted a wartime pho- tograph. His antebellum Sumter is highly idealized, drawn perhaps from an as-yet unidentified print, or extrapolated from maps and plans of the fort—child’s play for a master topographer like Eastman. Coastal Defenses The forts painted by Eastman had once been the state of the art, before rifled artillery rendered masonry Fig. 11. Seth Eastman, Fort Sumter, South Carolina, After the War, 1870–1875. obsolete, as in the bombardment of Fort Sumter in 1861 and the capture of Fort Pulaski one year later. By 1867, when the construction of new Third System fortifications ceased, more than 40 citadels defended Amer- ican coastal waters.12 Most of East- man’s forts were constructed under the Third System, but few of them saw action during the Civil War. A number served as military prisons. As commandant of Fort Mifflin on the Delaware River from November 1864 to August 1865, Col. Eastman would have visited Fort Delaware on Pea Patch Island, located in the river channel between Wilmington and New Castle, Delaware. Channel-dredging had dumped tons of spoil at the northern end of the island, land upon which a miserable prison-pen housed enlisted Confederate pris- oners of war. Their officers were Fig. 12. It appears that Eastman used this George N. Barnard photograph, Fort quartered within the fort in relative Sumter in April, 1865, as the source for his painting.
    [Show full text]
  • Mt. Baker Ski Area
    Winter Activity Guide Mount Baker Ranger District North Cascades National Park Contacts Get ready for winter adventure! Head east along the Mt. Baker Mt. Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest State Road Conditions: /Mt. Baker Ranger District Washington State Dept. of Transportation Highway to access National Forest 810 State Route 20 Dial 511 from within Washington State lands and the popular Mt. Baker Ski Sedro-Woolley, WA 98284 www.wsdot.wa.gov Area. Travel the picturesque North (360) 856-5700 ext. 515 Glacier Public Service Center Washington State Winter Recreation and Cascades Highway along the Skagit 10091 Mt. Baker Highway State Sno-Park Information: Wild & Scenic River System into the Glacier, WA 98244 www.parks.wa.gov/winter heart of the North Cascades. (360) 599-2714 http://www.fs.usda.gov/mbs Mt. Baker Ski Area Take some time for winter discovery but North Cascades National Park Service Ski Area Snow Report: be aware that terrain may be challenging Complex (360) 671-0211 to navigate at times. Mountain weather (360) 854-7200 www.mtbaker.us conditions can change dramatically and www.nps.gov/noca with little warning. Be prepared and check Cross-country ski & snowshoe trails along the Mt. Baker Highway: forecasts before heading out. National Weather Service www.weather.gov www.nooksacknordicskiclub.org Northwest Weather & Avalanche For eagle watching information visit: Travel Tips Center: Skagit River Bald Eagle Interpretive Center Mountain Weather Conditions www.skagiteagle.org • Prepare your vehicle for winter travel. www.nwac.us • Always carry tire chains and a shovel - practice putting tire chains on before you head out.
    [Show full text]
  • Lake Roosevelt National Recreation Area Foundation Document Overview
    NATIONAL PARK SERVICE • U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Foundation Document Overview Lake Roosevelt National Recreation Area Washington Contact Information For more information about the Lake Roosevelt National Recreation Area Foundation Document, contact: [email protected] or (509) 754-7893 or write to: Superintendent, Lake Roosevelt National Recreation Area, 1008 Crest Drive, Coulee Dam, WA 99116 Purpose Significance Significance statements express why Lake Roosevelt National Recreation Area resources and values are important enough to merit national park unit designation. Statements of significance describe why an area is important within a global, national, regional, and systemwide context. These statements are linked to the purpose of the park unit, and are supported by data, research, and consensus. Significance statements describe the distinctive nature of the park and inform management decisions, focusing efforts on preserving and protecting the most important resources and values of the park unit. • Lake Roosevelt National Recreation Area, which includes some of the most publicly accessible shoreline in the Pacific Northwest, offers a wide range of visitor experiences and appropriate recreational opportunities. • Lake Roosevelt National Recreation Area is located within two distinct geologic provinces—the Okanogan Highlands and the Columbia Plateau—and is an outstanding and easily accessible landscape sculpted by a rare combination of sequential geologic processes: volcanism, collision of tectonic plates, continental glaciation, and cataclysmic ice age floods. • Lake Roosevelt National Recreation Area is located at a historic convergence point for numerous Pacific Northwest tribes and contains a central gathering place in their traditional homeland, including the site of the second-largest The purpose of LAKE ROOSEVELT NATIONAL prehistoric and historic Native American fishery on the RECREATION AREA is to protect, conserve, Columbia River.
    [Show full text]
  • An Allocation of Undiscovered Oil and Gas Resources to Gauley River National Recreation Area and New River Gorge National River, West Virginia
    An Allocation of Undiscovered Oil and Gas Resources to Gauley River National Recreation Area and New River Gorge National River, West Virginia By Christopher J. Schenk, Timothy R. Klett, Ronald R. Charpentier, Troy A. Cook, Robert A. Crovelli, Richard M. Pollastro, and Robert C. Milici This report is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards or with the North American Stratigraphic Code. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Open-File Report 03–396 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Contents Abstract.......................................................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................... 1 USGS Methodology for Resource Allocation........................................................................................... 1 Results ............................................................................................................................................................ 3 Additional Information ................................................................................................................................. 3 Gauley River National Recreation Area..........................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Ashley National Forest Visitor's Guide
    shley National Forest VISITOR GUIDE A Includes the Flaming Gorge National Recreation Area Big Fish, Ancient Rocks Sheep Creek Overlook, Flaming Gorge Painter Basin, High Uinta Wilderness he natural forces that formed the Uinta Mountains are evident in the panorama of geologic history found along waterways, roads, and trails of T the Ashley National Forest. The Uinta Mountains, punctuated by the red rocks of Flaming Gorge on the east, offer access to waterways, vast tracts of backcountry, and rugged wilderness. The forest provides healthy habitat for deer, elk, What’s Inside mountain goats, bighorn sheep, and trophy-sized History .......................................... 2 trout. Flaming Gorge National Recreation Area, the High Uintas Wilderness........ 3 Scenic Byways & Backways.. 4 Green River, High Uintas Wilderness, and Sheep Creek Winter Recreation.................... 5 National Geological Area are just some of the popular Flaming Gorge NRA................ 6 Forest Map .................................. 8 attractions. Campgrounds ........................ 10 Cabin/Yurt Rental ............... 11 Activities..................................... 12 Fast Forest Facts Know Before You Go .......... 15 Contact Information ............ 16 Elevation Range: 6,000’-13,528’ Unique Feature: The Uinta Mountains are one of the few major ranges in the contiguous United States with an east-west orientation Fish the lakes and rivers; explore the deep canyons, Annual Precipitation: 15-60” in the mountains; 3-8” in the Uinta Basin high peaks; and marvel at the ancient geology of the Lakes in the Uinta Mountains: Over 800 Ashley National Forest! Acres: 1,382,347 Get to Know Us History The Uinta Mountains were named for early relatives of the Ute Indians. or at least 8,000 years, native peoples have Sapphix and son, Ute, 1869 huntedF animals, gathered plants for food and fiber, photo courtesy of First People and used stone tools, and other resources to make a living.
    [Show full text]
  • Spring Mountains National Recreation Area Visitor Guide
    SPRING MOUNTAINS NATIONAL RECREATION AREA 2 0 0 9 - 2 0 1 0 V I S I T O R G U I D E Welcome to the Spring Mountains National Recreation Area This year-round recreation area offers camping, picnicking, hiking, and other activities in the warmer months, and opportunities for snow-based activities in winter. Recreation tips and information in this visitor guide will help you enjoy your visit and protect the Spring Mountains for plants and animals who depend on this “island in the desert.” SPRING MOUNTAINS – MT. CHARLESTON AREA: Visit Kyle and Lee SPRING MOUNTAINS – WEST SIDE: The west side of the Spring Canyons where you will have access to five picnic areas, six developed Mountains, accessed by rugged dirt roads from areas around Pahrump, campgrounds, and over 50 miles of hiking trails, many entering into Cold Creek, and Mountain Springs, offers wide open spaces for off-highway wilderness areas. Paved highways and spectacular scenery create exceptional vehicle (OHV) use and dispersed camping. There are no developed opportunities for scenic driving. campgrounds or picnic areas with restrooms and picnic tables on the west side of the Spring Mountains. HUMBOLDT-TOIYABE NATIONAL FOREST • USDA FOREST SERVICE TIPS & MORE HANDY NUMBERS AND WEB SITES EMERGENCY: 911 Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department: 702-229-3111 Spring Mountains National Recreation Area Visitor Information: 702-872-5486 or fs.fed.us/r4/htnf/districts/smnra/ Spring Mountains National Recreation Area Administrative Office: 702 -515-5400 Spring Mountains National Recreation Area Fire Information: 702-631-2350 or www.fs.fed.us./r4/htnf/fire/ Nevada Division of Wildlife (hunting and fishing): 702 -486-5127, www.ndow.org Nevada Highway Patrol: 702-486-4100 or www.nhp.nv.gov National Recreation Reservation Service (campground reservations): 877-444-6777 or www.recreation.gov Weather information: www.weather.gov SUGGESTIONS FOR AN ENJOYABLE TRIP PRIVATE PROPERTY Have a full tank of gas.
    [Show full text]
  • Uncompahgre Valley Public Lands Camping Guide
    Uncompahgre Valley Public Lands Camping Guide Photo by Priscilla Sherman How to Use this Guide Camping in the Montrose Area Inside this guide you will find maps and descriptions Camping season is generally from Memorial Day of public lands campgrounds and camping areas in the Un- weekend through Labor Day weekend. However, weather is compahgre Valley region of Colorado. Located on pages 6 always a factor in opening and closing campgrounds. Some and 7 of the guide is a map and table listing each campgrounds open before or remain open after these dates campground and its facilities. Using the map, you will be with limited services, meaning water may be shut off and able to easily see which page of the guide has more garbage collection may have stopped for the season. It is information about each individual campground. advisable to check with the local public lands office for In the first few pages of the guide, you will find current conditions before starting your trip. general information about camping. This information Please keep in mind during the camping season some includes topics such as facilities, amenities, fees, passes, stay campgrounds may be full either by reservations or on a first- limits, pets, general camping rules, dispersed camping, and come first-served basis. motorized transportation. This guide was updated in 2016, so be aware that features can change. Enjoy camping on Plan Ahead YOUR public lands! This guide offers only basic information on roads, trails, and campgrounds. The Montrose Public Lands Center offers more detailed information on current conditions of trails and roads, travel restrictions, campground opening and closing dates, etc.
    [Show full text]
  • Foundation Document Overview, Chickasaw National Recreation
    NATIONAL PARK SERVICE • U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Foundation Document Overview Chickasaw National Recreation Area Oklahoma Contact Information For more information about the Chickasaw National Recreation Area Foundation Document, contact: [email protected] or (580) 622-7234 or write to: Superintendent, Chickasaw National Recreation Area, 901 W. 1st Street, Sulphur, OK 73086 Purpose Significance Significance statements express why Chickasaw National Recreation Area resources and values are important enough to merit national park unit designation. Statements of significance describe why an area is important within a global, national, regional, and systemwide context. These statements are linked to the purpose of the park unit, and are supported by data, research, and consensus. Significance statements describe the distinctive nature of the park and inform management decisions, focusing efforts on preserving and protecting the most important resources and values of the park unit. • Chickasaw National Recreation Area is renowned for its unique concentration of freshwater and mineral springs and creeks that originate in the highly faulted and folded rocks of the Arbuckle-Simpson aquifer and have a long history of recreational and medicinal use. The purpose of CHICKASAW NATIONAL • Chickasaw National Recreation Area is home to a RECREATION AREA is to protect its transition zone where the western prairies meet the eastern springs and waters; preserve areas of woodlands. This ecotone supports a richness and diversity archeological and ethnological interests; of plant and animal species unique to the south-central provide outdoor recreation; allow part of the United States. for hunting and fishing; protect scenic, • The nationally significant Platt National Park Historic scientific, natural, and historic values; District includes many historic structures and is and memorialize the Chickasaw Nation.
    [Show full text]
  • Project Title: Lake Roosevelt National Recreation Area Visitor Study
    Project Summary Rocky Mountains Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit Project Title: Lake Roosevelt National Recreation Area visitor study Discipline: Social Type of Project: Technical Assistance Funding Agency: National Park Service Other Partners/Cooperators: Washington State University Students Involvement: Yes Effective Dates: 6/30/2015 – 6/30/2017 Funding Amount: $87,110 Investigators and Agency Representative: NPS Contact: Dan A Foster, Superintendent, Lake Roosevelt National Recreation Area, Ice Age Floods National Geologic Trail, 1008 Crest Drive, Coulee Dam, WA 99116, phone: 509-754-7812, email: [email protected] Investigator: Lena Le, PhD, Social & Economic Sciences Research Center, Wilson-Short Hall #133, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4014, phone: 509-335-1512, fax: 509-335-0116 Project Abstract: Lake Roosevelt National Recreation Area (LARO) encompasses 130-mile long lake created when the Grand Coulee Dam was built on the Columbia River. The park provides many recreation and education opportunities that would help engage visitors, youth groups and local communities to environmental and cultural stewardship activities. A comprehensive visitor study about visitors to the park, their recreation behavior and preferences is needed to provide park manager with scientific information to develop educational interpretive programs and planning for facilities. NPS staff at LARO will work collaboratively with SESRC to develop study objectives, study instrument and other technical aspect of the project to achieve the research goals. The information, products and/or services identified or developed by this project will be shared through a variety of strategies to increase public awareness, knowledge and support for historic preservation and stewardship of the nation’s cultural and historical heritage.
    [Show full text]