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Home , Assiminea, Assiminea grayana, Australostichopus, Chaceon, Geryonidae, Ibacus

Using traits data to assess sensitivity of biological communities

Olivier Beauchard

GENERALITIES ON BIOLOGICAL TRAITS

Predictions Habitat Biological characteristics variables

Species Biological communities traits

Taxonomic patterns Common adaptations to (Phenomena, patterns environmental forces without mechanism) (Laws, patterns with mechanism)

GENERALITIES ON BIOLOGICAL TRAITS

Response traits habitat adaptations Fitness (growth, survival and reproduction)

Effect traits Consequences of organism activity on environment – Ecological engineering

Ecological indication Species specificities among habitats, regardless of their activities Sensitivity and recoverability as responses to pressures TRAIT DATA COMPILATION

12 response traits (qualitative modalities)

Motility Body length Fragility Burrowing depth Trophic type Life span Maturity Fecundity Egg/Propagule size Reproductive frequency Larval development Egg/Propagule protection

TRAIT DATA COMPILATION

World-wide compilation of benthic macroinvertebrate traits 689 species

Europe 362 species

Polar Temperate Tropical SENSITIVITY OF BIOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES?

Pearson & Spatial gradient Rosenberg (1978), Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Ann. Rev. Biomass

Climax K-strategy Stress D i s t A-strategy u r b a n c Time e r-strategy Disturbance Greenslade (1983), Am. Nat.

Beauchard et al., in preparation ICES WGBIODIV working group ICES WKBENTH working group

SENSITIVITY OF BIOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES?

Species type Functional ability Resistant Resilient Vulnerable Sensitivity None Low or High High Recoverability Not applicable High Low

SENSITIVITY OF BIOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES? North Sea World

Same trait Expressions e.g. life span

SENSITIVITY OF BIOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES?

Current developments in ICES Working Groups

● Group on Biodiversity Science (WGBIODIV)

● Group on regional benthic pressures from beam- trawling (WKBENTH)

● Possible extensions in Spain and Portugal?

Constraint of different sampling procedures, needs to be discussed

ARE EMODnet HABITATS HABITABLE?

EMODnet Kunitzer et al., 1992

ARE EMODnet HABITATS HABITABLE?

EMODnet Resilient organisms

Habitat A5.37 “Deep circalittoral mud”

ARE EMODnet HABITATS HABITABLE?

EMODnet Vulnerable organisms

Habitat A5.37 “Deep circalittoral mud”

ARE EMODnet HABITATS HABITABLE?

Environmental Taxa or variables weighted trait modalities

s Prediction e l p m a

S PCAIV

Axis scores (explained variance)

Spatially s

e Constrained l p clustering m a S

EUROPEAN TRAIT DATA BASE – TOOL FOR USERS

Phylum Class Order Family Species Venerida Semelidae Abra Abra prismatica Mollusca Patellogastropoda Acteonidae Acteon Acteon tornatilis Arthropoda Ampeliscidae Ampelisca Ampelisca tenuicornis Mollusca Bivalvia Pectinida Pectinidae Argopecten Argopecten ventricosus Mollusca Gastropoda Echinodermata Holothuroidea Aspidochirotida Australostichopus Australostichopus mollis Arthropoda Malacostraca Amphipoda Caprellidae Caprella Caprella penantis Arthropoda Malacostraca Annelida Polychaeta Spionida Chaetopteridae Chaetopterus Chaetopterus variopedatus Arthropoda Malacostraca Amphipoda Exoedicerotidae Exoediceroides Exoediceroides maculosus Echinodermata Crinoidea Antedonoidea Antedonidae Florometra Florometra serratissima Arthropoda Malacostraca Amphipoda Gammaridae Gammarus Gammarus wilkitzkii Echinodermata Holothuroidea Dendrochirotida Cucumariidae Heterocucumis Heterocucumis steineni Mollusca Gastropoda Neogastropoda Muricidae Hexaplex Hexaplex trunculus Arthropoda Malacostraca Decapoda Scyllaridae Ibacus Ibacus chacei Arthropoda Malacostraca Amphipoda Leptocheirus Leptocheirus pinguis Mollusca Bivalvia Philobryidae Lissarca Lissarca miliaris Arthropoda Malacostraca Decapoda Metapenaeus monoceros Arthropoda Malacostraca Amphipoda Corophiidae Monocorophium insidiosum Arthropoda Malacostraca Mysida Mysidae Neomysis Neomysis americana Arthropoda Malacostraca Mysida Mysidae Neomysis Neomysis mirabilis Arthropoda Malacostraca Decapoda Penaeidae Penaeus Penaeus paulensis Annelida Polychaeta Phyllodocida Phyllodoce mucosa Arthropoda Malacostraca Decapoda Pandalidae Plesionika Plesionika edwardsii Annelida Polychaeta Spionida Spionidae Polydora Polydora cornuta Arthropoda Malacostraca Decapoda Sesarmidae Sesarma Sesarma rectum Mollusca Bivalvia Venerida Spisula solidissima Arthropoda Malacostraca Amphipoda Talitridae Talitrus Talitrus saltator Arthropoda Malacostraca Amphipoda Talitridae Talorchestia Talorchestia margaritae Annelida Polychaeta Thelepus

EUROPEAN TRAIT DATA BASE – TOOL FOR USERS

Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Mollusca Bivalvia Venerida Semelidae Abra Abra prismatica Mollusca Gastropoda Patellogastropoda Acteonidae Acteon Arthropoda Mollusca Bivalvia Pectinida Pectinidae Argopecten Argopecten ventricosus Mollusca Gastropoda Littorinimorpha Assimineidae Assiminea Echinodermata Holothuroidea Aspidochirotida Stichopodidae Australostichopus Australostichopus mollis Arthropoda Malacostraca Amphipoda Caprellidae Arthropoda Malacostraca Decapoda Geryonidae Chaceon Chaceon quinquedens Annelida Polychaeta Spionida Chaetopteridae Chaetopterus Chaetopterus variopedatus Arthropoda Malacostraca Amphipoda Exoedicerotidae Exoediceroides Exoediceroides maculosus Echinodermata Crinoidea Arthropoda Malacostraca Amphipoda Gammaridae Gammarus Gammarus wilkitzkii Echinodermata Holothuroidea Dendrochirotida Mollusca Gastropoda Neogastropoda Muricidae Hexaplex Hexaplex trunculus Arthropoda Malacostraca Decapoda Scyllaridae Ibacus Ibacus chacei Arthropoda Malacostraca Amphipoda Corophiidae Mollusca Bivalvia Arcida Philobryidae Lissarca Lissarca miliaris Arthropoda Malacostraca Decapoda Penaeidae Metapenaeus Arthropoda Malacostraca Amphipoda Corophiidae Monocorophium Monocorophium insidiosum Arthropoda Malacostraca Arthropoda Malacostraca Mysida Mysidae Neomysis Neomysis mirabilis Arthropoda Malacostraca Decapoda Penaeidae Penaeus Annelida Polychaeta Phyllodocida Phyllodocidae Phyllodoce Phyllodoce mucosa Arthropoda Malacostraca Decapoda Pandalidae Annelida Polychaeta Spionida Spionidae Polydora Polydora cornuta Arthropoda Malacostraca Decapoda Sesarmidae Sesarma Mollusca Bivalvia Arthropoda Malacostraca Amphipoda Talitridae Talitrus Talitrus saltator Arthropoda Malacostraca Amphipoda Annelida Polychaeta Terebellida Terebellidae Thelepus Thelepus cincinnatus

EUROPEAN TRAIT DATA BASE – TOOL FOR USERS

Bank of species Field data documented for from user biological traits Link Taxa Traits s e l

p Query m a S s e i c e

Traits Traits p S s e a i x c a e T p S

Assessment of functional information loss

EUROPEAN TRAIT DATA BASE – TOOL FOR USERS

Species level Genus level

<1cm 1-3cm 3-10cm 10-20cm 20-50cm >50cm <1cm 1-3cm 3-10cm 10-20cm 20-50cm >50cm Abra alba 0 1 0 0 0 0 Abra 0 100 0 0 0 0 Abra nitida 0 1 0 0 0 0 Abra 0 100 0 0 0 0 Abra prismatica 0 1 0 0 0 0 Abra 0 100 0 0 0 0 Abra tenuis 0 1 0 0 0 0 Abra 0 100 0 0 0 0 Acetes americanus 0 1 0 0 0 0 Acetes 0 80 20 0 0 0 Acetes chinensis 0 1 0 0 0 0 Acetes 0 80 20 0 0 0 Acetes indicus 0 0 1 0 0 0 Acetes 0 80 20 0 0 0 Acetes intermedius 0 1 0 0 0 0 Acetes 0 80 20 0 0 0 Acetes japonicus 0 1 0 0 0 0 Acetes 0 80 20 0 0 0 Ampelisca abdita 1 0 0 0 0 0 Ampelisca 62.5 37.5 0 0 0 0 … … Disjonctive coding Fuzzy coding

Multiple Fuzzy Correspondences Correspondences Analysis Analysis

Co-Inertia Analysis => Concordance => Significance EUROPEAN TRAIT DATA BASE – TOOL FOR USERS

Species (283) – Genus (62) Species (522) – Family (82) Rv = 0.87 Rv = 0.79 p < 0.001 p < 0.001

Genus Sp5 Family Sp5 Sp1 Sp1 Sp4 Sp4 Sp2 Sp2 Sp3 Sp3

SUMMARY

● Defining typological groups of European seas

● Assessing coherence between group distributions and habitats

● Trait data bank and query tool