Supplementary Table 1. A glimpse of newly identified in human stool in the last decade. References describing the first identification of the (supplementary) and case- control studies (in manuscript) to associate viruses to are indicated.

Virus Family Identification Case-control study BF34 Astroviridae (41) - Astrovirus MLB1 Astroviridae (42) (37, 38) Astrovirus MLB2 Astroviridae (43) (38) Astrovirus MLB3 Astroviridae (44) (38) Astrovirus VA1-3 Astroviridae (43, 45, 46) (38) Astrovirus VA4 Astroviridae (44) (38) Recovirus (47) - 3 (48) - Gyrovirus 5 and 6 Circoviridae (49) - Gyrovirus 9 Circoviridae (50) - Papillomavirus CH2 (51) - Bocavirus 1 (52) (29, 32) Bocavirus 2 Parvoviridae (53) (30-32) Bocavirus 3 Parvoviridae (31) (31, 32) Bocavirus 4 Parvoviridae (54) - Bufavirus 1 and 2 Parvoviridae (33) - Bufavirus 3 Parvovividae (55) - Tusavirus 1 Parvovivirdae (56) - group 3 Picobirnaviridae (34) - Picobirnaviridae (57) - Picobirnavirus D and E Picobirnaviridae (58) - Human 7 Picornaviridae (59) - Human parechovirus 12 Picornaviridae (60) - Picornaviridae (23) (10, 22-24) Picornaviridae (61) (62, 63) Picornaviridae (64) (10, 12) Picorrnaviridae (17) (17-20) MX polyomavirus (65) - MW polyomavirus Polyomaviridae (66) (25) STL polyomavirus Polyomaviridae (67) (26)

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Supplementary Table 1 References

41. Phan TG, Nordgren J, Ouermi D, et al. New astrovirus in human feces from Burkina Faso. J Clin Virol. 2014;60:161-164. 42. Finkbeiner SR, Kirkwood CD, Wang D. Complete sequence of a highly divergent astrovirus isolated from a child with acute diarrhea. Virol J. 2008;5:117. 43. Finkbeiner SR, Le BM, Holtz LR, Storch GA, Wang D. Detection of newly described astrovirus MLB1 in stool samples from children. Emerg Infect Dis. 2009;15:441-444. 44. Jiang H, Holtz LR, Bauer I, et al. Comparison of novel MLB-clade, VA-clade and classic human highlights constrained evolution of the classic human astrovirus nonstructural genes. Virology. 2013;436:8-14. 45. Finkbeiner SR, Li Y, Ruone S, et al. Identification of a novel astrovirus (astrovirus VA1) associated with an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis. J Virol. 2009;83:10836-10839. 46. Kapoor A, Li L, Victoria J, et al. Multiple novel astrovirus species in human stool. J Gen Virol. 2009;90:2965-2972. 47. Smits SL, Rahman M, Schapendonk CM, et al. Calicivirus from novel Recovirus genogroup in human diarrhea, Bangladesh. Emerg Infect Dis. 2012;18:1192-1195. 48. Phan TG, Li L, O'Ryan MG, et al. A third gyrovirus species in human faeces. J Gen Virol. 2012;93:1356- 1361. 49. Gia Phan T, Phung Vo N, Sdiri-Loulizi K, et al. Divergent gyroviruses in the feces of Tunisian children. Virology. 2013;446:346-348. 50. Phan TG, da Costa AC, Zhang W, et al. A new gyrovirus in human feces. Virus Genes. 2015;51:132- 135. 51. Yu JM, Zhao G, Ao YY, Li LL, Wang D, Duan ZJ. Complete genome sequence of a novel human papillomavirus identified by metagenomic analysis from a child with diarrhea in China. Arch Virol. 2015;160:549-552. 52. Allander T, Tammi MT, Eriksson M, Bjerkner A, Tiveljung-Lindell A, Andersson B. Cloning of a human parvovirus by molecular screening of respiratory tract samples. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005;102:12891-12896. 53. Kapoor A, Slikas E, Simmonds P, et al. A newly identified bocavirus species in human stool. J Infect Dis. 2009;199:196-200. 54. Kapoor A, Simmonds P, Slikas E, et al. Human bocaviruses are highly diverse, dispersed, recombination prone, and prevalent in enteric infections. J Infect Dis. 2010;201:1633-1643. 55. Yahiro T, Wangchuk S, Tshering K, et al. Novel human bufavirus genotype 3 in children with severe diarrhea, Bhutan. Emerg Infect Dis. 2014;20:1037-1039. 56. Phan TG, Sdiri-Loulizi K, Aouni M, et al. New parvovirus in child with unexplained diarrhea, Tunisia. Emerg Infect Dis. 2014;20:1911-1913. 57. van Leeuwen M, Williams MM, Koraka P, Simon JH, Smits SL, Osterhaus AD. Human picobirnaviruses identified by molecular screening of diarrhea samples. J Clin Microbiol. 2010;48:1787-1794. 58. Ng TF, Vega E, Kondov NO, et al. Divergent picobirnaviruses in human feces. Genome Announc. 2014;2. 59. Li L, Victoria J, Kapoor A, et al. Genomic characterization of novel human parechovirus type. Emerg Infect Dis. 2009;15:288-291. 60. Alam MM, Khurshid A, Shaukat S, et al. Identification of human parechovirus genotype, HPeV-12, in a paralytic child with diarrhea. J Clin Virol. 2012;55:339-342. 61. Yamashita T, Kobayashi S, Sakae K, et al. Isolation of cytopathic small round viruses with BS-C-1 cells from patients with gastroenteritis. J Infect Dis. 1991;164:954-957.

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62. Drexler JF, Baumgarte S, de Souza Luna LK, Eschbach-Bludau M, Lukashev AN, Drosten C. Aichi virus shedding in high concentrations in patients with acute diarrhea. Emerg Infect Dis. 2011;17:1544-1548. 63. Kaikkonen S, Rasanen S, Ramet M, Vesikari T. Aichi virus infection in children with acute gastroenteritis in Finland. Epidemiol Infect. 2010;138:1166-1171. 64. Jones MS, Lukashov VV, Ganac RD, Schnurr DP. Discovery of a novel human in a stool sample from a pediatric patient presenting with fever of unknown origin. J Clin Microbiol. 2007;45:2144- 2150. 65. Yu G, Greninger AL, Isa P, et al. Discovery of a novel polyomavirus in acute diarrheal samples from children. PLoS One. 2012;7:e49449. 66. Siebrasse EA, Reyes A, Lim ES, et al. Identification of MW polyomavirus, a novel polyomavirus in human stool. J Virol. 2012;86:10321-10326. 67. Lim ES, Reyes A, Antonio M, et al. Discovery of STL polyomavirus, a polyomavirus of ancestral recombinant origin that encodes a unique T antigen by . Virology. 2013;436:295-303.

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