DOCSLIB.ORG

Chapter 7 Conclusion and Recommendation

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Chapter 7 Conclusion and Recommendation Chapter 7 Conclusion and Recommendation CHAPTER 7 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 7.1 Conclusion The GOT stipulated the direction to delegate power to local governance under the new Constitution enacted in 1997 and launched effort for decentralization. Furthermore, the GOT declared to embrace participatory development approach at the ninth NSEDP and has already proceeded with improvement of administrative system, which would support to deal with regional issues through community participation as well as decentralization on resources management. In line with such policy, introduction of CEO Governor has already started, and presently CEO Governors have been placed in the whole 76 prefectures. Under these circumstances, the Study commenced to formulate an agricultural development master plan, with the participation of the communities to increase incomes of small-scale farmers who are suffering from drought and/or flood damages. The Study also includes technology transfer to the personnel in RID TAO and other relevant organizations on the subjects of participatory planning and surveying methods. Through the pilot project implementation, the Study verified these methods with the aims to enhance institutional capabilities of such organizations. The study commenced in October 2004 and was completed after 2 years and 4 months. The Study was carried out mainly by the Thai side, with support from the Study Team. In order to formulate the Draft Master Plan (DMP) in the Study, RRA survey, PCM workshops at 16 Tambons, discussions at both 4 sub-basins and a whole basin were carried out with participation of all stakeholders. In the process of clearing many problems and solutions in the Study Area applying participatory development methods throughout the implementation of the study, all stakeholders have deeply understood the necessity of participatory development. Especially, many precious lessons for future planning have obtained in the Study by proposing detail hypothesis to materialize participatory development, and by verifying the institutions to support this hypothesis. The challenges to achieve the goal and development approaches to overcome the challenges in the Study Area are shown as below as follows. These ideas are commonly understood and shared by all stakeholders participated in the Study. Development Goal Agricultural incomes meet its cost. 4 Challenges 1. Cost of agricultural inputs should be lowered, 2. Productivities should be raised, 3. Farm gate prices for markets should be raised, and 4. Damages on products should be lessened. 8 Approaches 1. Water Resources 5. Farm Inputs 2. Flood 6. Pest and Disease 3. Production System 7. Credit 4. Soil 8. Marketing System 1-183 Final Report ~Master Plan~ On the other hand, RRA survey and PCM workshops were carried out in the pilot project to identify problems to be solved. In order to solve the problems, 3 approaches namely implementation of the irrigation, strengthening of the existing farmer’s organizations and strengthening of the agricultural extension services had been formulated, and project components were implemented accordingly. As a result, the projects such as compost making, artificial breeding, revolving fund, transferring of irrigation facilities to TAO, cost sharing and study tour, etc. selected by the stakeholders themselves were realized by through their own efforts. As intended at the beginning of the Study, many relevant agencies have participated in the formulation of the master plan as well as implementation of the pilot projects at the provincial, district and Tambon levels. Major stakeholders in the provincial and/or district levels were MOAC, RID and DOAE, and others including LDD, DOLs, DOCP and CDD. Those agencies consist as major part of the TSG. At the Tambon level, TAO and TTC were the main stakeholders and participated in several meetings and training courses for them to be able to implement the pilot project smoothly and to support the farmers. At the village level, the WUG was established in each village and received different types of technical supports. The WUG was the key stakeholder in the village to organize farmers and coordinate all activities. Since communication is regarded as essential for institutional strengthening, frequent workshops, meetings and discussions and study tours were programmed during the execution of pilot project to maximize communication among the stakeholders. Although the stakeholders had to spend a lot of their time for the project, however, such opportunities in participatory manners have contributed largely in strengthening institutional ties. Community people participated in the workshops requested the implementation of projects they wanted as shopping lists to the JICA Study Team, RID and other related agencies. People were much more likely to be dependent on development aid lead by the Government. However, projects selected by people themselves should be able to be implemented by the people themselves in cooperation with the Government agencies. As a good example, in the compost making implemented in the pilot project, the compost making group obtained the know-how through the study tour, and they have established the system to make compost by trial and error with support from the WUG and the TAO. Presently, the TAO is promoting the compost as One-Tambon-One-Product (OTOP). As mentioned above, the Study has achieved significant results in presenting precious opportunities for communities to show their initiative in formulating their development with support of agencies staff during pilot project. The master plan formulated in this report has been prepared with the concept that people themselves are main actors in the development. Based on the needs of people, the master plan reflects feedback from the results of the implementation of pilot projects. The plan includes the plans for the 1-184 Chapter 7 Conclusion and Recommendation construction of bank protection, medium dams, etc. which classified as public works and are not able to be implemented by community themselves. Also, the plan refers to issues as well as structural plan was considered for formulating plans and project implementation. Accordingly, Implementation of the projects formulated in the master plan are considered to contribute to the alleviation of the flood and/or drought damages as well as securing and improving peoples livelihood in the Study Area with a new framework of agricultural development. 7.2 Recommendation (1) Justification of the process of participatory development planning By the Study, it has been cleared that the participatory development approach is able to reflect the people’s needs and effective for formulating the master plan to make it more realistic than the top-down approach. Based on such experience, the process of participatory development planning is recommended to be introduced for formulating a watershed master plan in the future. On the other hand, some literature reviews and lessons learned have been noted. Reflecting on these experiences, further process of participatory development planning is recommended as follows. In the project area, the participatory approach is not exactly applied in the planning process although it basically flows upward from villages to Tambons, districts and provinces. In general, at first the representatives such as the village chief submit a list of project proposals to the Tambon where those proposals are prioritized, and then the results are sent to the upper levels for the same actions. The bottom, the people and villages, are rarely involved in deciding which proposals are materialized. It is therefore recommended that the development planning and implementation process be institutionalized, which stipulates that the project plans be made with the participation of people, and those be given the highest priority for implementation. This would make the officers aware how important the project planning is, and eventually be motivated in participating in the planning with the people. In implementing projects in the future in other areas, the participatory development planning methods applied in the pilot project will be very useful as a guideline and should be utilized as much as possible. Member of TSG/TAO with the background of social development, with motivation and interest in village survey should be a facilitator to carry out the participatory planning method. (2) TSG’s aggressively use and strengthening its function further It is necessary for formulating rural development plans to consider both top-down approach and bottom-up approach. However, it is not clear which agency shall act as coordinating body among the various related agencies at present. There are various requests for the development plans including top-down by central or provincial levels, bottom-up from villages or TAO levels, and also requests in combined approach. Presently, selection of projects is usually made by the CEO Governor without 1-185 Final Report ~Master Plan~ sound evaluation in terms of the development direction. It is proposed, therefore, that the TSG shall be the coordinator and in charge of screening the plans before handing it over to the CEO Governor’s judgment. And also RID, DOA, DOAE, etc. have tendency to execute their projects by vertical administrative structure individually. In order to solve these problems, TSG has been established in the Study as a coordinator to act horizontally, which is the first attempt in Thailand. TSG members consist of province and district level to support
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ratchaburi Ratchaburi Ratchaburi
    Ratchaburi Ratchaburi Ratchaburi Dragon Jar 4 Ratchaburi CONTENTS HOW TO GET THERE 7 ATTRACTIONS 9 Amphoe Mueang Ratchaburi 9 Amphoe Pak Tho 16 Amphoe Wat Phleng 16 Amphoe Damnoen Saduak 18 Amphoe Bang Phae 21 Amphoe Ban Pong 22 Amphoe Photharam 25 Amphoe Chom Bueng 30 Amphoe Suan Phueng 33 Amphoe Ban Kha 37 EVENTS & FESTIVALS 38 LOCAL PRODUCTS & SOUVENIRS 39 INTERESTING ACTIVITIS 43 Cruising along King Rama V’s Route 43 Driving Route 43 Homestay 43 SUGGEST TOUR PROGRAMMES 44 TRAVEL TIPS 45 FACILITIES IN RATCHABURI 45 Accommodations 45 Restaurants 50 Local Product & Souvenir Shops 54 Golf Courses 55 USEFUL CALLS 56 Floating Market Ratchaburi Ratchaburi is the land of the Mae Klong Basin Samut Songkhram, Nakhon civilization with the foggy Tanao Si Mountains. Pathom It is one province in the west of central Thailand West borders with Myanmar which is full of various geographical features; for example, the low-lying land along the fertile Mae Klong Basin, fields, and Tanao Si Mountains HOW TO GET THERE: which lie in to east stretching to meet the By Car: Thailand-Myanmar border. - Old route: Take Phetchakasem Road or High- From legend and historical evidence, it is way 4, passing Bang Khae-Om Noi–Om Yai– assumed that Ratchaburi used to be one of the Nakhon Chai Si–Nakhon Pathom–Ratchaburi. civilized kingdoms of Suvarnabhumi in the past, - New route: Take Highway 338, from Bangkok– from the reign of the Great King Asoka of India, Phutthamonthon–Nakhon Chai Si and turn into who announced the Lord Buddha’s teachings Phetchakasem Road near Amphoe Nakhon through this land around 325 B.C.
    [Show full text]
  • Prachuap Khiri Khan
    94 ภาคผนวก ค ชื่อจังหวดทั ี่เปนค ําเฉพาะในภาษาอังกฤษ 94 95 ชื่อจังหวัด3 ชื่อจังหวัด Krung Thep Maha Nakhon (Bangkok) กรุงเทพมหานคร Amnat Charoen Province จังหวัดอํานาจเจริญ Angthong Province จังหวัดอางทอง Buriram Province จังหวัดบุรีรัมย Chachoengsao Province จังหวัดฉะเชิงเทรา Chainat Province จังหวัดชัยนาท Chaiyaphom Province จังหวัดชัยภูมิ Chanthaburi Province จังหวัดจันทบุรี Chiang Mai Province จังหวัดเชียงใหม Chiang Rai Province จังหวัดเชียงราย Chonburi Province จังหวัดชลบุรี Chumphon Province จังหวัดชุมพร Kalasin Province จังหวัดกาฬสินธุ Kamphaengphet Province จังหวัดกําแพงเพชร Kanchanaburi Province จังหวัดกาญจนบุรี Khon Kaen Province จังหวัดขอนแกน Krabi Province จังหวัดกระบี่ Lampang Province จังหวัดลําปาง Lamphun Province จังหวัดลําพูน Loei Province จังหวัดเลย Lopburi Province จังหวัดลพบุรี Mae Hong Son Province จังหวัดแมฮองสอน Maha sarakham Province จังหวัดมหาสารคาม Mukdahan Province จังหวัดมุกดาหาร 3 คัดลอกจาก ราชบัณฑิตยสถาน. ลําดับชื่อจังหวัด เขต อําเภอ. คนเมื่อ มีนาคม 10, 2553, คนจาก http://www.royin.go.th/upload/246/FileUpload/1502_3691.pdf 95 96 95 ชื่อจังหวัด3 Nakhon Nayok Province จังหวัดนครนายก ชื่อจังหวัด Nakhon Pathom Province จังหวัดนครปฐม Krung Thep Maha Nakhon (Bangkok) กรุงเทพมหานคร Nakhon Phanom Province จังหวัดนครพนม Amnat Charoen Province จังหวัดอํานาจเจริญ Nakhon Ratchasima Province จังหวัดนครราชสีมา Angthong Province จังหวัดอางทอง Nakhon Sawan Province จังหวัดนครสวรรค Buriram Province จังหวัดบุรีรัมย Nakhon Si Thammarat Province จังหวัดนครศรีธรรมราช Chachoengsao Province จังหวัดฉะเชิงเทรา Nan Province จังหวัดนาน
    [Show full text]
  • Using the Participatory Action Research Involved in Concept of the SEP for Developing Fabric of Karen Wisdom in Kanchanaburi Border Patrol Police School
    International Journal of Information and Education Technology, Vol. 9, No. 2, February 2019 Using the Participatory Action Research Involved in Concept of the SEP for Developing Fabric of Karen Wisdom in Kanchanaburi Border Patrol Police School Supaluk Satpretpry, Pornchai Nookaew and Khwanchai Praditsin agencies and resource mobilization for education. Abstract—The purpose of this research was to using the Participatory action research was techniques to change participatory action research involved in concept of the from top-down to bottom–up. The person who was Sufficiency Economy Philosophy (SEP) for developing fabric of researcher must changed the role of passive to an active or Karen wisdom for the Royal initiatives in Kanchanaburi participants or research on them were by them and for them Border Patrol Police schools and cultural and security [2]. They were involved in all stages of research, It was both implications of students. Population were 11 border patrol schools in Kanchanaburi. Samples were by simple random the decision maker, the practitioner and the person affected sampling. The experiment groups were Sundaravej and by the action. In addition, the nature of participatory action Mitmonchon 2 Border Patrol Police schools, control group was research, the role of the researcher had also changed, as a Tilipa Border Patrol Police School. specialist, he became an equal research participant. Research methodology was based on 4 steps of participatory The Sufficiency Economy Philosophy (SEP) was used as a action research, basic information survey, planning, part to develop the society. It was found that the school needs experiment and evaluation and summary. to apply the sufficiency economy philosophy as part of the The instruments used consisted of 1) Fabric of Karen Wisdom Test 2) The performance of Fabric of Karen Wisdom learning activities.
    [Show full text]
  • Thailand's Rice Bowl : Perspectives on Agricultural and Social Change In
    Studies in Contemporary Thailand No. 12 Thailand's Rice Bowl Studies in Contemporary Thailand Edited by Prof. Erik Cohen, Sociology Department, Hebrew University, Jerusalem 1. Thai Society in Contemporary Perspective by Erik Cohen 2 The Rise and Fall of the Thai Absolute Monarchy by Chaiyan Rajchagool 3. Making Revolution: Insurgency of the Communist Party of Thailand in Structural Perspective by Tom Marks 4. Thai Tourism: Hill Tribes, Islands and Open-Ended Prostitution by Erik Cohen 5. Whose Place is this? Malay Rubber Producers and Thai Government Officials in Yala by Andrew Cornish 6. Central Authority and Local Democratization in Thailand: A Case Study from Chachoengsao Province by Michael H. Nelson 7. Traditional T'ai arts in Contemporary Perspective by Michael C. Howard, Wattana Wattanapun & Alec Gordon 8. Fishermen No More? Livelihood and Environment in Southern Thai Maritime Villages by Olli-Pekka Ruohomaki 9. The Chinese Vegetarian Festival in Phuket: Religion, Ethnicity, and Tourism on a Southern Thai Island by Erik Cohen 10.The Politics of Ruin and the Business of Nostalgia by Maurizio Peleggi 11.Environmental Protection and Rural Development in Thailand: Challenges and Opportunities by PhiIip Dearden (editor) Studies in Contemporary Thailand No. 12 Series Editor: Erik Cohen Thailand's Rice Bowl Perspectives on Agricultural and Social Change in the Chao Phraya Delta Francois Molle Thippawal Srijantr editors White Lotus Press ,,,lg,,! )~., I.""·,;,J,,,­ ';'~";' ;,., :Jt",{,·k'i";'<"H""~'1 Francois Molle and Thippawal Srijantr are affiliated to, respectively: Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); 213 rue Lafayette 75480 ­ Paris CEDEX IO, France. Website: www.ird.fr Kasetsart University; 50 Phahonyothin Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok, I0900, Thailand.
    [Show full text]
  • Report Lpc 2015 08 03 Standard
    1 2 Photos: Lam Pa Chi River, by Georg Meier Table of Contents 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 9 2 Data acquisition and data management ......................................................................... 10 2.1 Lam Pa Chi River Basin Information System ................................................................................ 10 2.1.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 10 2.1.2 Structure ................................................................................................................................ 10 2.1.3 Access and sharing data ........................................................................................................ 11 2.1.4 Additional important functions ............................................................................................. 12 2.2 Data availability, data stored on Lam Pa Chi RBIS ....................................................................... 12 3 Lam Pa Chi River Basin description ................................................................................. 13 3.1 Location ....................................................................................................................................... 13 3.2 Lam Pa Chi as part of Mae Klong River Basin ............................................................................... 14 3.3
    [Show full text]
  • Nakhon Phanom, a Town on the Thai-Lao Border Survey of Border Lands Using Modern Maps
    The Evolution of Wet Markets in a Thai-Lao Border Town 73 necessarily promote the growth of wet markets. Moreover, many Lao people who The Evolution of Wet Markets in a Thai-Lao used to shop at wet markets are now buying goods from modern superstores, 1 while walking street markets, which were established to promote tourism, have Border Town attracted another segment of buyers. These factors challenge both wet market vendors and policy makers in their attempt to balance the country’s and local Ninlawadee Promphakpinga, Buapun Promphakpingb*, Kritsada Phatchaneyc economic growth. Patchanee Muangsrid and Woranuch Juntaboone Keywords: wet markets, border trade, Vietnam War, local economy abcdeResearch Group on Wellbeing and Sustainable Development (WeSD), Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand Introduction *Corresponding Author. Email: [email protected] Throughout the developing world, the exchange of goods between Received: February 10, 2020 Revised: March 6, 2020 people of different places existed long before the advent of capitalism Accepted: May 25, 2020 and the modern nation state. Trading between people on the two sides of the Mekong river was common. However, the establishment of nation states redefined the Mekong as the border separating the Thai Abstract and Lao nations. During the reign of King Rama V, the threat from Previous studies of wet markets have focused largely on hygiene and on the western colonial powers, especially the United Kingdom and France, diversification of services in response to the needs of customers. This article was the paramount concern of the Thai state. Several policies were examines the evolution of wet markets in a Thai-Lao border town within the broader social, political, and economic dynamics of the country.
    [Show full text]
  • Dian Galuh Pratita-111510601067.Pdf
    Digital Repository Universitas Jember FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI ADOPSI PETANI PADI PADA TEKNOLOGI PENGENDALIAN HAMA TERPADU ( Kasus Di Kecamatan Chedi Hak, Provinsi Ratchaburi) SKRIPSI Oleh: Dian Galuh Pratita NIM. 111510601067 PROGRAM STUDI AGRIBISNIS FAKULTAS PERTANIAN UNIVERSITAS JEMBER 2015 Digital Repository Universitas Jember FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI ADOPSI PETANI PADI PADA TEKNOLOGI PENGENDALIAN HAMA TERPADU ( Kasus Di Kecamatan Chedi Hak, Provinsi Ratchaburi) SKRIPSI Diajukan Guna Memenuhi Salah Satu Persyaratan untuk Menyelesaikan Program Sarjana pada Program Studi Agribisnis Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jember Oleh: Dian Galuh Pratita NIM. 111510601067 PROGRAM STUDI AGRIBISNIS FAKULTAS PERTANIAN UNIVERSITAS JEMBER 2015 i Digital Repository Universitas Jember FACTORS AFFECTING RICE FARMER’S ADOPTION IN INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY: (A Study Of Chedi Hak Subdistrict, Ratchaburi Province) By: DIAN GALUH PRATITA 5620000044 Submitted to: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Am On Aungsuratana DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSIONAND COMMUNICATION FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE AT KAMPHAENG SAEN KASETSART UNIVERSITY 2014 ii Digital Repository Universitas Jember VALIDATION The present undergraduated thesis entitled “Factors Affecting Rice Farmer’s Adoption In Integrated Pest Management Technology: A Study Of Chedi Hak Subdistrict, Ratchaburi Province” has been done as the result of Join Degree Program between Jember University and Kasetsart University. It has been examined by Research Supervisor Associate Professor Dr. Am-On Aungsuratana and Research Co-Advisor Dr. Rapee Dokmaithes and published in Faculty Of Agriculture Kasetsart University and further validate by examination committee in Faculty of Agriculture Jember University by Ir. Anik Suwandari, M.P., Dr. Ir.Joni Murti Multyo Aji, M.Rur.M., Ebban Bagus Kuntadi, S.P, M.Sc., and Dr.Ir.Triana Dewi Hapsari, M.P.
    [Show full text]
  • บทความระดับนานาชาติ (International Papers)
    The 14th National and International Sripatum University Conference (SPUCON2019) 19th December 2019 กลุมที่ 1 บทความระดับนานาชาติ (International Papers) กลุมยอยที่ 1: Education กลุมยอยที่ 2: Business, Management, Tourism, Communication Arts กลุมยอยที่ 3: Engineering, Science, Digital Transformation 1 The 14th National and International Sripatum University Conference (SPUCON2019) 19th December 2019 A STUDY OF LEARNING ENGLISH GRAMMAR ACHIEVEMENT OF MATTHAYOMSUKSA 6 STUDENTS TAUGHT BY USING SKILL EXERCISES Adhiporn Prompitack Curriculum and Instruction, Faculty of Education, North Bangkok University E-mail: [email protected] Asst. Prof. Benjarat Ratchawang, Ph.D. Curriculum and Instruction, Faculty of Education, North Bangkok University E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT The objectives of this research are threefold: (1) to examine the efficiency of skill exercises, (2) to determine the leaning achievement, and (3) to compare learning achievement in English Grammar of Matthayomsuksa 6. The research sample was 39 Matthayomsuksa 6 students studying at SarasasWitead Klongloung School in the first semester of the academic year 2019. The research instruments included (1) English grammar skill exercises (2) lesson plan, and (3) learning achievement test and statistical analysis included analyze by using statistical values; namely, percentage, mean (x) and standard deviation (SD) and using t-test (Dependent Sample) The following research findings� were revealed : (1) the efficiency of English grammar skill exercises was 80.40 / 85.90 which was higher than the standardized criteria of 80/80; (2) the learning achievement score was found which was good of 80.27% and (3) the learning achievement score of Matthayomsuksa 6 after the learning management using English grammar skill exercises was significantly higher than pre-test score at the level of .05 Keywords: Learning management using English grammar skill exercises, Achievement 1.
    [Show full text]