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lu\nO\ HOIlOI cdl OJ ~ 1m lit#( \7)' 1'( \ nHHI:\ ...... ~.. O-Sonut~ character provides a basis for specific problems to _no. 1. Introduction be identified, proposals to be made and for general guidelines and useful advice to be given. 1 Hampton Hill lies in the west of the borough. immediately north of the vIllage of Hampton and the River Thames. Hampton Hill High Street is part 2. History and of the busy All I which runs in a non:hlsouth () direction connecting to the major trunk route. the Development Al08. in Hampton. Bushy Park fonns the eastern o boundary [0 the village of Hampton Hill. The Hampton Hill cannot lay claim to an extensive railway line runs panJlel and to the west of the High history, unlike its neighbouring Village of Hampton Street bise<:ting the present day village. There are which was already an establish~ settlement in the ::J rallW3Y stations at nearby Fulwell and HamptOn. Saxon period. Hampton Hill only developed as a V) settlement in its own right at the start of the C 19th. Policy Context Bushy Park was enclosed by Henry II in 1537 for National deer coursing. Much of the land enclosed was part (1) Conservation areas were introduced under the Civic of Hampton Common. John Roque's map of 175-4 Amenities Aa I967.The definition of a conservation shows the extent of Bushy Park and the location of .., area is "an area of special architectural or historic Upper lodge, which was built in 1709 by the Earl of interest, the character of which it is desirable to Halifax when he became Ranger of the park. preserve or enhance:' Hampton Hill High Street was Roque's map also shows the longford River which < designated as a cooservatioo area 7th September was excavated in 1639...010, on the orders of Charles ~ 1982. Section 71 of the Town and Country Planning I, for the purpose of supplying water to Hampton (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Aa 1990 Court Palace.The river is 12 miles long and 21 feet places a duty on local authorities to ''formulate and wide and had a river bed much deeper than today. rt publish proposals fOl'" the preservation and enhance As well as a changing profile, the river has changed _. ment of conservation areas."' its name, being variously known as The King's,The Queen's, Cardinal's,Wolsey's and the New River! This Act provides the legislative base for all conser· o V3.uon related matters.TheTown and Counuy The land outside Bushy Park remained largely (General Deve!opment) Order (GOO 1995) defines unchanged throughout the C 18th.The only other ::J th~ nature of works within conservation areas which bUilding, apart from Upper lodge, in the vicinity of require planning consent. Planning Policy Guidance: Hampton Hill was a smock (or flock) windmill built Planning and the Historic Environment (PPG 15 Sept in 1785 at the end of what is now Windmill Road. It 199-4) provides, in plain English, a full S12tement of was built by John Naylor to grind corn and grain for Government policies for the identification and Hampton village. It survived as a working mill until » protection of historic buildings, conservation areas 1863 and was demolished in 1876. and other elements of the historic environment. .., Of major historic importance was the establishment Local in 1784 of the geodetic base for ordnance i.e. (1) The Richmond upon Thames Unitary Development gunnery survey triangulation, under the direction of Plan (UDP) seu out local planning policies for the General Roy, Master of Ordnance.The base line was ~ desrgnation, protection and enhancement of conser established and its south eaSt end is marked with a vation areas (ENV 9 and ENV 10).This plan forms the gun barrel set in a small garden in Roy Grove.The basis for decisions taken by the CounciL Copies of the base line was eventually used for the principal UDP are held in reference sections of Ioc:aIlibn.ries triangulation of Britain In 1791. Vl and are 3Y3.ib.b1e for reference or purchase at the reception on me 2nd Roar of the Crvic: Centre, Fundamental changes to the landscape of Hampton York Street.Twickenham. Common occurred after 181 I when an Act of rt Enclosure enabled common land to be portioned This study has been prepared by the Planning and out and enclosed.The Common gn.dually gave way c: Building Control Division in consultation with other to smallholdings and then to market gardens. A new departments of the Council, and most Impon::andy, in settlement began to emerge, quite separate from a.. consultation with the local community. By publishing the original riverside village of Hampton, and took proposals for the preservation and enhancement of the name New Hampton. It continued to expand the area's character and appearance, the study will along the route bordering the Park and by 18-48 had "'< take forward relevant policies con12lned in the UDp, become a community sizeable enough to support a proViding a framework for action by the Council, local variety of shops and businesses. Area no. residents, businesses, developers and statutory bodies. The Identification of the area's special 38
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Area no. 38 - -•• .~ - The population expanded rapidly between 1850 and page no. the early 1860's with an influx of hundreds of artisans 2. Hampton Hill employed in the construction of the Hampton Waterworks and the Thames Valley Extension railway 3 line.The village was able to boast a large selection of High Street today well frequented drinking establishments, most of which were not salubrious.The arrival of the railway Character Appraisal gave a new lease of life to the market gardens which n The overall form and scale of Hampton Hill High could now supply to consumers much further afield. Street has changed very little since the end of C J9th. Market gardening activity expanded as a result. The early settlement pattem of a linear street fronted o by properties on narrow plots with long rear gardens The problems caused by the oversp'ill of this popula is still apparent.The tinear character is reinforced by b~ght ::J tion into "respect3ble" Hampton about the the wall and edge of Bushy Park along the eastern construction of St.James's Church in Hampton Hill side. and by the railway line to the west.The railway (I) which was consecrated in 1863. Due to the nawre of line forms the outer edge of the earliest part of the the expansion of Hampton Hill much of the housing village. was of low quality, parts were little more than slums ('1) (Providence Row or Road was one of the worst). However, the arrival of Reverend Fitzroy John ., Fiawygram as the first vicar of St. James's was to be important for the fuwre well-being of the Village. He was the younger son of landed gentry renowned for < their work in social reform. He and his equally ~ dedicated wife poured much of their private fortunes into the village fabric: enabling the"miserable hovels" to be replaced with brick cottages at affordable rents M (a number of these survive today and are character -. ised by use of rubble walls faced with thin brick tiles); instituting schools and sports facilities: and encourag ing the development of larger villas to bring more o wealth to the village. By the time of the Reverend's premawre death in 1881 Hampton Hill was well on ::J the way to becoming a self-respecting and self-helping community.
New Hampton officially changed its name to Hamp ton Hill in 1890 and the landmark tower and spire of St.James's Church were raised in celebration of QueenVictoria's Golden Jubilee.The village continued to expand, at a more restrained pace, into the C2Oth. It was only in the 1920's that some of the market gardens started to be redeveloped as housing.The High Street was widened in 1910 to accommodate Pon61e Bridge dual track tramways involving the demolition of some buildings. On approach from Hampton the start of Hampton Hill High Street is clearly marked by the Pantile Bridge which carries the road across the Longford River. and the smaU"viliage green" area. complete with a rustic, timber bus shelter, on the corner of the High Street and Uxbridge Road.The low wall on the Park side of the bridge opens up views' along the river and of the expanse of Bushy Park beyond, This is the only place in Hampton Hill High Street where such views can be obtained. After crossing the bridge buildings begin to line the road edge and the linear form of the High Street becomes apparent.
On approach from Fulwell .. ,<: !.::Mt of the conserva Area no. tion area is much less obvious.The only clue is the transition to the compact and more uniform scale of John Rocque's Mop /734 38 page no. the High Sueet.This transition begins at 165-7 High There are a number of small side streets spaced Street which date from 1827 and are listed. Opposite regularly along the High Street.Their impact on the is 92 High Street a disused engineering works with a High Street is minimal because they are narrow, lined 4 polychromatic brick facade to the High Street. At this with small terraces and cOtClges and are foreshort. point the High Street begins to run alongside the ened by the existence of the railway cutting.Windmill boundary wall of Bushy Park. a relationship that Road has more impact on the High Street because it continues through the entire conservation area. is a wider; through road which passes over the railway line connecting to the Uxbridge Road. Its import3nce as a route is reflected by a wider range of building type and scale including the attractive Arts and Crafts inspired junior school.
Windmill Road meets the High Street approximately half way along its length.The old Hampton Hill Post Office is something of a local landmark being one of a number of important original shop-fronts.The poSition of this group combined with the fact that the junction occurs approximately half-way along the High Street makes it a central focus.
The Bushy Park boundary provides an almost continu ous line of mature trees whose canopies extend above the roof line of the High Street properties.They create a dramatic backdrop and accentuate the linear form of the High Street.The trees provide a tantalising clue to the vast expanse of open parkland beyond.The open character of Bushy Park contraSts sharply with the compact form of the village at its edge. Additional \ individual trees sited in the long plots behind buildings on the western side of street also make a contribu tion to the High Street.The true boundary of the Park lies approximately 6-7 feet outside the line of the
.~ present walls.This perimeter strip originally formed a Deer Leap, however; over time this strip has been The rapid expansion of the village in the mid C 19th encroached by development and little evidence of it to house a growing artisan population is reflected in survives today. the mixture of building styles and the apparent arbitrary relationships between some properties. Although disparate in detail the area is unified through scale, common materials and date.The bUildings of the C 19th which line the High Street are mainly simple houses. cottages and shops of a modest two storey scale. Facades are usually brick. both yellow stocks and red brick. exposed, rendered or painted. Wooden gates. doors and passages leading to yards and gardens reflect the working origins of the village.
The survival of many shallow pitched. slate roofs and chimneys also adds to the interest of the area. View towards old PaS! Office The evolution of the High Street has resulted in many properties developing their front gardens as Hampton Hill High Street is a busy commercial and single storey shop units. Exceptions to the typical residential area. It supports an unusually wide scale of the High Street which make a positive variety of building uses for its size: there are houses. contribution as local landmarks include the United flats. cottages, a church. several public houses. a R.eformed Church, no. 55 (Hampton Hilt Dairy) and number of restaurants: newsagents. butchers. bakers adjacent shops, and the parade of shops at the .grocers. and more specialist shops selling antiques. northern end of the conservation area. A particu ioinery supplies. craft materials and bicycles: and Area no. larly large scale development dating from 1978 other commercial concerns such as a printer, funeral which has a negative visual impact on the High director, offices and a dairy. The High Street will 38 Street are the offices occupying nos. 63-71 (odd). shortly possess a theatre as well! This diversity creates a colourful environment with plenty of • 62 High Street IS vacant and falling into page no. viQlity. An entrepreneurial character perv3.des the disrepair. area and there is a strong sense of community. These Surfaces and Street furniture characteristics were also central to the spirit of the 5 • Seating area adjacent to Star public house village's founders in the I850's.These qualities have ensured that whilst the outer boundaries of Hampton against the Bushy Park boundary is unattrac tlve and unwelcommg. Hill have changed through more recent developmeot, () it still functions as a village. • The galvamsed ~lards on the comer of Windmill Road and the High Street are unattraCtlve. o • The small amounts of l!)(istlng planting in the High Street could be Improved. • Existlng seating area outside no. 66 High ::J Street reqUires improvements. (I) • SurfacIng and appearance of car park to rear of Park Gate Court are poor: • Exisong boundary to prlntlng works occupy ro 109 7-19 High Street should be improved to ., entwlc.e setting of the bUilding which is already a BTM. Residential < • There has been increasing use of inappropri ately designed replacement windows. ~ • There IS loss of front boundary definition, Problems and pressures sometimes due to front garden parking. rt Shops Tl"affic • Nofse pollution and vibration caused by large -. • Many good quality original shop-fronts have been altered by removal of features or lorries accesslOg the business park via Holly addition of new, mappropriate details. Road. o • Many shop-fronts have been totally renewed • Conflicting parking needs of residents. WIth ill.proportIoned and poorly designed shoppers, businesses and local employees. ::J modern shop-fronts. • Pedestrian crossing can be difficult in the • Excessively bright and obtrusive internal northern section of the conservation area. illumination of shop-fronts at night. • ExiSting car parks available to shoppers are Action inadequately sign posted. As described in earlier sections, Hampton Hill High • Poor condition of the surfaces of some private Street continues to have a strong identity although shop forecouru, over time incremenQI minor alterations and additions Eyesores/problem sites have weakened the special character in places. • Large advertlsmg hoardings adjacent to SQr HoweY1!r, this character can be reinsQted and rein· public house are detrimental to the High forced and responSibility for this rests not only with Street and Bushy Park. the Council but with the Ioa1 community, who through sensitive improvement to homes. shops and • The modem productlon methods of the commercial property can also contribute. Unig:ue Dairy cause noise pollution and traffic servicing the dairy causes dIsturbance to Ioa1 Vl resIdents, • The appearance and massIVe scale of Pari< rt Gate Court and the petrol filling SQtIOn on the Street front are unattra.etrVe and do not C entwlce the a
Residential property What the Council can do: The Council is able to control new development through its powers under the planning acts and is always willing to give advice to those who want to undertake new work.There is a range of gUidance leaflets available on development requiring planning permission. If you are in any doubt about the need Proposals BI and B2 refer to this area outside no. 66 to obtain permission for intended works, you should High Street contact the Planning and Building Control Division at the Civic Centre.
. -' '-, 5. Summary ----- -----~.
The proposals generated by this study affect the 11 follOWing :~
I. Public areas Including parks. gardens. high ways and paths usually owned by the Council or other statutory bodies.
2. Private houses. Some alterations may require planning permission and are therefore ultimately controlled by the Council but some A Fitzwygrom cottage in Cross Street alterations will be classed as "permitted Area no. Where a particularly good group of single dwellings development" and will be under the control of would suffer if work. exempt from planning permis the householder: 38 sion, were to be carried OUt (e.g. changing windows. demolition of front boundary walls etc.) then the dormer windows and extensions, both of which can p The Council will publish separate and more detailed gUidance for shop-fronts within the Hampton Hill High Street Conservation Area. which will be issued to shopkeepers and will be also available on applica tion.ThlS will assist in negotiations on planning applications and guide owners and tenants concern· ing repairs or minor alterations not requiring planning permission. Whilst the appearance of shop-fronts is vital to the character of an area other factors such as traffic movement. parking arrangements. amenity area. local support and the economic situation all contribute towards the maintenance and improvement of a successful shopping area. Other proposals made within this study are intended to enhance the appearance and encourage greater use of the shopping area. Shop-fronts which retain some original features The following are areas where groups of High Street shop-fronts are of a sufficient quality to JUStify Area no. restoration of missing features and alteration of minor features. as opposed to wholesale replace 38 ment of the front. Landscaping and Planting Other publications page no. In the absence of publk open space. private gardens The London Borough of Richmond upon Thames both front and rear; have a significant role to play in has also published the followmg information. 9 the charttter of d'IIS COl'lSefVation area. Rear gardens frequently provide the only views of uninterrupted Planning Infonnation leaflets semi-natural habitat.There will be a presumption no. I Conservation Areas against backland development unless it an be no.2 Listed Buildings demonstrated that there 'NOuld be no significant no. 3 Historic Buildings detrimental effect on amenity and the quality of the no." Historic Buildings: Maintenance and Repair local environment. no. S Trees; Legislation and Procedure no. 6 Buildings ofTownscape Merit Trees in conservation areas whichere not already subject to a Tree Preservation Order; are protected Design Guidance leaflets automatially by the legal requirement that six weeks no. I Design Guidelines for Shop-fronts and notice must be given to the Council before any Shopsigns proposed work is carried out e.g. lopping or felling. no. 2 Design GUidelines for Car Parking in Front Gardens Implementation no. 3 Design Guidelines for External Alterations to This study contains wide ranging proposals intended Houses to preserve or enhance the character of the no.4 Design GUidelines for House Extensions Hampton Hill High Street Conservation Area.The no. S Trees; Landscape Design, Planting and Care no.6 Guidelines for Small Housing Sites Council will implement those proposals under its control as and when appropriate funds become no. 7 Guidelines for the Siting of Satellite Dishes available and will give advice on grants and action and other Communications Apparatus that can be taken by other groups and individuals no. 8 Design Guidelines: Wildlife In Gardens no.9 Design Guidelines for nature Conservation The Council will monitor the effectiveness ofArtide and Development -. no. 10 Security by Design '" (2) Directions and the up-take of grants and will review the progress of enhancement proposals on a o Conservation Area Studies regular basis. Area I: Barnes Green keA£ Kew Green :::J Acknowledgements Area 9: Twickenham Green The cover illustration. the drawIng below and those Area 10: Trafa.lgar Road of the old post office and the Star public house Area II: Hampton Court Green were produced by James Openshaw for the London Area 12: HamptonVillage Borough of Richmond upon Thames. Area 18; Hampton Wick Area 25: Castelnau. Barnes· Areas 27 & 37: Teddington Lock and High Street,Teddington Areas 30& 31: St, Matthias and Sheen Road Area 38: Hampton Hill HIgh Stree[* Areas 49 & 1'4: Crown Road and Twickenham Park. St, Margaret's" Area 57: Old Deer Park Article 4 Guidance Rames Green Study: The Lion Houses Hampton Wick Study: 10-12(even) Lower Teddington Road. 75-79(odd) High Street, 52-58(even) and 60-70(even) Park Road.· Crown Road and Twickenham Park Study: nos. 1-13 Park Conages* Castelnau Study: nos. 1·7 Castelnau Row*' Hampton Hill Study:91.93 High Street* Area no. Hampton Hill DaIry 38