Budd/Deschutes Watershed

WRIA 13

Chapter Includes:

Black Lake Ditch Chambers Creek Deschutes River Ellis Creek Indian Creek Mission Creek Moxlie Creek Percival Creek Schneider Creek (Budd) Spurgeon Creek

44 Black Lake Ditch #0030

PART OF BUDD INLET WATERSHED Lake Ditch is a major tributary to Percival Creek and originates from Black Lake. It is LENGTH OF CREEK: 2.2 miles from the fairly low gradient in upper wetland-dominated Black Lake outlet to the confluence with reach and has a moderate gradient in an incised Percival Creek. canyon before its confluence with Percival Creek. Elevations range from sea level to 500 BASIN SIZE: 5,300 Acres feet.

STREAM ORDER: 2 GENERAL WATER QUALITY: (Excellent, Good, Fair, Poor) PRIMARY LAND USES: Fair – Met one of the two parts of the fecal Urban coliform standards. Violated dissolved oxygen Suburban residential standards during summer months. Violated Commercial turbidity standards in November in both the 2012/13 and 2013/14 Water Years. Violated pH FISHERIES RESOURCES: (From A standards in January of 2014. Temperature Catalog of Washington Streams and Salmon standard may be violated during the summer. Utilization, WDOF) Coho (However, Chinook have been seen in OTHER DATA: the ditch.) Thurston County Environmental Health Division, (360) 867-2626 or GENERAL TOPOGRAPHY: http://www.co.thurston.wa.us/health/ehswat/swater.html Percival Basin is located between Black Hills on the west and Interstate 5 on the East. It Thurston County Resource Stewardship flows north into Capitol Lake/Budd Inlet. The Department, Water Resources Program (360) drainage area is moderately sloped. Black 754-4681 or www.co.thurston.wa.us/monitoring

45 Black Lake Ditch #0030

The water quality standard for fecal coliform has two parts: Part 1 - the geometric mean shall not exceed 50 org/100mL and, Part 2 - no more than 10% of the samples shall exceed 100 cfu/100mL.

The first part of the fecal coliform standard has been met in the past ten water years. The second part of the fecal coliform standard was violated in Water Years 2012/13 & 2013/14.

The water quality standard for dissolved oxygen is a lowest one-day minimum of 9.5 mg/L. There are several dissolved oxygen measurements that have fallen below the standard during the summer months in Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14.

The pH standard requires the pH to be within the range of 6.5 and 8.5. The pH measurement fell below 6.5 once in Water Year 2013/14.

46 Black Lake Ditch #0030

Discussion:

The water quality standard for fecal coliform has two parts: Part 1 - the geometric mean shall not exceed 50 colonies/100mL and Part 2 - no more than 10% of the samples shall exceed 100 colonies/100mL. The first part of the fecal coliform standard has been met in the past ten water years. The second part of the fecal coliform standard was violated in water years 2013 and 2014. The turbidity standard was exceeded in November 2012 and January of 2013.

The temperature and dissolved oxygen water quality standards are intended to protect core summer salmonid habitat. Because the ditch originates from Black Lake, high water temperatures and low dissolved oxygen measurements are common and reflect conditions typical of the lake environment. The dissolved oxygen measurements were below the water quality standard of the lowest one-day minimum of 9.5 mg/l four of eleven times in 2011/12, eight of twelve times in 2012/13, and six of twelve times in 2013/14.

The temperature criterion is a 7-day average daily maximum of 16° C. The temperature data collected through this ambient monitoring program are instantaneous measurements. Because there are not continuous temperature recordings from which the 7-day average daily maximum can be calculated, the instantaneous data is used only as an indicator of possible temperature violations. Water temperatures above 16° C were measured in July through September of all three water years, indicating possible temperature standard violations during both summer periods.

While there is no water quality standard for nitrate in surface water, a US EPA study determined that the reference condition for nitrate+nitrite concentrations in streams and rivers of the Puget Sound Lowland ecoregion is 0.26 mg/L (EPA Publication 822-B-00-015). The mean annual concentration of nitrate+nitrite was within the regional reference condition of 0.26 mg/L during Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14, with concentrations of 0.098, 0.185, & 0.152 mg/L, respectively.

The total phosphorus regional reference condition is 0.019 mg/L, according to the above-referenced EPA report. The Black Lake Ditch Site mean annual total phosphorus concentrations for Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14 exceeded the regional reference condition of 0.019 mg/L, with concentrations of 0.030, 0.043, & 0.033 mg/L, respectively.

Major Issues:

. The basin is within the urban growth boundary and is rapidly developing. The City of Olympia has a major regional stormwater facility along Black Lake Ditch that treats and detains storm water that comes from commercial development on the west side of Olympia. . Black Lake Ditch is included in a total maximum daily load study (TMDL) begun in 2003 by the Washington Department of Ecology to identify pollution sources and develop a plan to correct them. Because Black Lake is the origin of the Black Lake Ditch, high summer temperatures and low dissolved oxygen are a common condition. . Homeless encampments within the riparian corridor are a common occurrence and could be contributing to water quality problems (i.e. fecal coliform, temperature, dissolved oxygen violations).

Funding Sources:

. Local stormwater utility rates

47 Water Quality Summary Conventional Parameters Black Lake Ditch at RW Johnson Boulevard Water Year Data: Cumulative Data: WQ Standard 2011/12, 2012/13 & 2013/14 1993-2011 Parameter Units WAC 173-201A # samples Water Mean Range violating Mean Range Year standard 11/12 3.68 - 20.4 Highest 7-DAD Max Temperature º C 12/13 4.01 - 22.63 4.16 - 21.47 of 16 º C 13/14 3.56 - 23.06 Lowest one-day 11/12 7.98 - 13.47 5 of 12 Dissolved Oxygen mg/L minimum of 9.5 12/13 5.3 - 12.02 8 of 12 6.07 - 12.05 mg/L 13/14 5.44 - 12.18 6 of 12 11/12 91 80 - 103 Conductivity μmhos/cm 12/13 93 82 - 105 92 69 - 153 13/14 94 84 - 104 11/12 7.05* 6.7 - 7.2 0 of 12 pH 6.5 - 8.5 12/13 6.95* 6.6 - 7.2 0 of 12 7.1* 6.7 - 7.6 13/14 6.8* 6.4 - 7 1 of 12 11/12 2.51 1 - 4.6 not to exceed 5 NTU Turbidity NTU 12/13 3.38 1.3 - 14.1 3.34 0 - 28 over background 13/14 3.29 0.5 - 9.6

% exceeding GMV: <50 and 11/12 27** 5 - 160 colonies/ 100 Fecal Coliform < 10% not to exceed 12/13 32** 5 - 595 5 - 400 100 ml 25** 100 13/14 32** 5 - 308 0% 17% 25% 11/12 0.03 0.021 - 0.04 Total Phosphorus mg/L 12/13 0.043 0.029 - 0.077 0.072 0.017 - 3.14 13/14 0.033 0.02 - 0.055 11/12 0.098 0.035 - 0.246 Nitrate + Nitrite- mg/L 12/13 0.185 0.045 - 0.365 0.184 0.034 - 0.416 nitrogen 13/14 0.152 0.052 - 0.302

* Median ** Geometric mean value (GMV)

48 Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 1 - 201 2 Black Lake Ditch @ RW Johnson Blvd

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/17/2011 16:10:00 14.04 7.1 9.14 103 0 1.2 14.90 0.037 0.047 FC reported as <5. Q (discharge) uncertainty 6.4%.

11/16/2011 15:30:00 7.83 6.9 9.95 98 70 4.6 25.65 0.040 0.074 Q (discharge) uncertainty 4.5%. Duplicates labeled "Mottman".

12/19/2011 15:00:00 5.56 6.9 12.07 96 5 4.1 26.17 0.034 0.093 Q (discharge) uncertainty 9.9%.

01/24/2012 14:15:00 3.68 6.7 12.51 88 20 4.5 89.00 0.032 0.184 Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.6%.

02/13/2012 16:00:00 6.28 6.9 13.47 86 0 4.2 58.31 0.025 0.149 FC reported as <5. Q (discharge) uncertainty 4.5%.

03/20/2012 16:00:00 6.82 7.1 11.79 80 10 1.4 101.27 0.021 0.246 Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.4%.

04/16/2012 15:30:00 13.43 7.2 12.07 81 25 2.2 61.85 0.028 0.111 Q (discharge) uncertainty 6%.

05/15/2012 16:30:00 18.54 7.1 10.23 87 0 1.7 29.23 0.025 0.044 Q (discharge) uncertainty 6.2%. FC reported as <5.

06/12/2012 15:55:00 17.06 7.0 8.75 91 5 1.0 23.80 0.028 0.056 Q (discharge) uncertainty 4.8%.

07/17/2012 16:00:00 20.40 7.2 9.06 98 25 1.2 12.03 0.033 0.037 Q (discharge) uncertainty 2.8%.

08/13/2012 16:20:00 19.48 7.0 7.98 145 0.5 1.58 0.038 0.124 Holding time exceeded for FC. Q (discharge) uncertainty 6.0%.

09/10/2012 16:05:00 19.53 7.1 8.21 98 20 1.5 16.04 0.026 0.035 Q (discharge) uncertainty 5.2%.

49 Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 2- 201 3 Black Lake Ditch @ RW Johnson Blvd

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/15/2012 15:15:00 13.82 6.9 6.51 103 230 3.3 5.98 0.048 0.365

11/05/2012 15:00:00 13.31 7.0 9.07 98 8 14.1 64.53 0.077 0.095 Duplicates labeled "Mottman". FC results estimated: colony count outside optimum range of colonies per filter.

12/12/2012 11:00:00 7.35 6.6 9.01 86 20 7.1 82.79 0.054 0.224 Turbidity appears to be algae from Black Lake.

01/14/2013 15:45:00 4.01 6.9 11.45 82 0 1.7 70.87 0.033 0.284 Q (discharge) uncertainty 2.8%. FC reported as <5.

02/11/2013 16:00:00 5.90 6.8 12.02 86 0 1.3 39.37 0.032 0.290 Q (discharge) uncertainty 5.2%. FC reported as <5.

03/11/2013 14:50:00 8.16 7.0 11.11 83 5 2.4 45.09 0.032 0.247 Q (discharge) uncertainty 8%.

04/15/2013 15:00:00 11.65 6.9 11.26 83 15 2.4 52.91 0.029 0.140 Q (discharge) uncertainty 7.2%.

05/13/2013 16:00:00 19.09 7.0 8.84 91 200 1.8 20.81 0.029 0.062 Q (discharge) uncertainty 6.9%. FC's high at many locations during this sample run.

06/11/2013 15:45:00 18.58 7.2 8.70 93 25 1.5 16.91 0.041 0.045 Q (discharge) uncertainty 14%.

07/15/2013 15:15:00 21.07 7.0 7.35 105 45 1.5 7.02 0.032 0.116 Q (discharge) uncertainty 8.1%. Duplicates labeled Mottman.

08/12/2013 15:45:00 22.63 7.0 5.43 103 5 2.0 8.20 0.039 0.186 Q (discharge) uncertainty 2.6%.

09/10/2013 15:00:00 20.22 6.8 5.30 98 150 1.5 18.55 0.074 0.165 Q (discharge) uncertainty 8.0%.

50 Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 3- 201 4 Black Lake Ditch @ RW Johnson Blvd

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/21/2013 15:15:00 12.00 6.8 6.79 100 0 1.3 27.87 0.039 0.161 Q (discharge) uncertainty 9.4%. FC reported as <5.

11/18/2013 15:10:00 9.44 6.7 9.32 97 0 9.6 41.11 0.055 0.099 Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.0%. FC reported as <5.

12/09/2013 15:00:00 3.56 6.9 12.18 97 0 7.5 29.42 0.048 0.052 FC reported as <5. Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.7%.

01/13/2014 14:45:00 6.57 6.4 10.92 89 10 3.6 66.58 0.029 0.302 Q (discharge) uncertainty 2.5%.

02/10/2014 15:00:00 4.12 6.7 11.49 98 15 2.3 31.31 0.029 0.217 Q (discharge) uncertainty 4.4%.

03/25/2014 14:50:00 9.87 6.7 10.85 84 0 3.0 51.42 0.027 0.170 Q (discharge) uncertainty 4.7%. FC reported as <5.

04/14/2014 15:15:00 13.73 6.8 11.75 85 5 3.9 43.49 0.029 0.076 Q (discharge) uncertainty 4.2%.

05/12/2014 15:15:00 15.98 6.9 9.74 84 5 1.7 49.36 0.031 0.078 Q (discharge) uncertainty 9.1%

06/09/2014 15:00:00 20.12 6.8 8.32 93 10 0.5 20.31 0.025 0.094 Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.6%.

07/14/2014 15:15:00 23.06 6.9 7.07 101 40 1.9 10.80 0.020 0.187 Q (discharge) uncertainty 7.0%.

08/13/2014 15:10:00 21.23 6.7 5.44 96 240 1.1 13.56 0.028 0.227 Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.5%. Duplicates labeled "Meadows".

09/15/2014 15:00:00 17.55 7.0 6.62 104 25 3.1 8.58 0.031 0.160 Q (discharge) uncertainty 4.1%.

51 Chambers Creek #0033

PART OF BUDD INLET/DESCHUTES River. Moderately sloped with rolling terraces RIVER WATERSHED and occasional small glacial depressions, (kettles). These kettles often contain lakes LENGTH OF CREEK: Chambers Creek and which are groundwater fed and commonly have ditch - 4.15 miles no surface inlets or outlets. Chambers Lake is Chambers Creek (Tributary) - 3.6 miles the exception with Chambers ditch originating at the south portion of Little Chambers Lake. BASIN SIZE: 8,400 Acres GENERAL WATER QUALITY: (Excellent, Good, Fair, Poor) STREAM ORDER: 2 Good to Fair – Violated one of the two fecal PRIMARY LAND USES: Suburban and coliform standards in 2013/14 & 2013/14. rural residential Nitrate concentrations are routinely high.

FISHERIES RESOURCES: (From A OTHER WATER RESOURCE DATA: Catalog of Washington Streams and Salmon Thurston County Resource Stewardship Utilization, WDOF) Department, Water Resources Program (360) Coho in mainstem 754-4681 or Unknown in Tributary www.co.thurston.wa.us/monitoring

GENERAL TOPOGRAPHY: Elevations Thurston County Environmental Health vary from about 200 feet around the lakes, 190 Division, (360) 867-2626 or feet in the creek bed and 130 feet towards the www.co.thurston.wa.us/health/ehswat/swater.html mouth where the creek enters the Deschutes

52 Chambers Creek #0033

The water quality standard for fecal coliform bacteria has two parts: Part 1 - the geometric mean shall not exceed 100 cfu/100mL and; Part 2 - no more than ten percent of the samples shall exceed 200 cfu/100mL.

Part 1 of the fecal coliform bacteria standard has been violated only one time in 1993. Part 2 of the standard was violated in 2012/13 & 2013/14.

The water quality standard for dissolved oxygen is a lowest one-day minimum of 8.0 mg/L. There have been no violations of the dissolved oxygen standard.

The water quality standard for pH requires the pH to be within a range of 6.5 to 8.5. This stream has met the pH standard every year it has been monitored starting in 1993.

53 Chambers Creek #0033

Discussion:

Nitrate concentrations in Chambers Creek are high. While there is no water quality standard for nitrates in surface water, a US EPA study determined that the reference condition for nitrate+nitrite concentrations in streams and rivers of the Puget Sound Lowland ecoregion is 0.26 mg/l (US EPA Publication 822-B-00-015). In water year 2011/12 the average was 1.415 mg/L and the highest result was December, 2011 at 2.25 mg/L. In water year 2012/13 the average was 1.37 mg/L and the highest result was September 2013 at 2.060 mg/L. In water year 2013/14 the average was 1.43 mg/L and the highest result was October, 2013 at 2.14 mg/L.

The data indicates that nitrate concentration is inversely related to rainfall. Nitrate concentrations tend to be higher during months with less rainfall. The source of the nitrates in the creek is most likely from contamination of the shallow groundwater which provides the base flow for the creek. In this system, rainfall appears to dilute the nitrate contamination in the ground water.

The total phosphorus regional reference condition is 0.019 mg/L, according to the above-referenced EPA report. The Chambers Creek Site mean annual total phosphorus concentrations for Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14 exceeded the regional reference condition of 0.019 mg/L, with concentrations of 0.025, 0.028, & 0.022 mg/L, respectively.

Major Issues:

. The creek has high nitrate and total phosphorus concentrations, likely due to impacted groundwater. . Most of the basin is within the urban growth area. Continued development can be expected to have an increasing effect on stream quality. . Part 2 of the fecal coliform standard was violated in Water Year 2012/13 & 2013/14.

Funding Sources:

. Local stormwater utility

54 Water Quality Summary Conventional Parameters Chambers Creek Water Year Data: Cumulative Data: WQ Standard 2011/12, 2012/13 & 2013/14 1993-2011 Parameter Units WAC 173-201A # samples Water Mean Range violating Mean Range Year standard 11/12 4.38 - 16.45 Highest 7-DAD Max Temperature º C 12/13 3.35 - 16.22 3.99 - 15.2 of 17.5 º C *** 13/14 2.85 - 16.58 11/12 10.15 - 12.66 0 of 11 Lowest one-day Dissolved Oxygen mg/L 12/13 8.97 - 13.29 0 of 12 8.57 - 12.65 minimum of 8.0 13/14 8.99 - 13.34 0 of 12 11/12 120 79 - 157 Conductivity μmhos/cm 12/13 126 91 - 163 121 53 – 170 13/14 129 100 - 164 11/12 7.05* 6.6 - 7.2 0 of 11 pH 6.5 - 8.5 12/13 6.9* 6.8 - 7.1 0 of 12 7.2* 6.5 - 7.7 13/14 6.85* 6.6 - 7 0 of 12 11/12 1.49 0.3 - 3.7 0 of 11 not to exceed 5 NTU Turbidity NTU 12/13 2.04 0.9 - 4.4 0 of 12 1.67 0 – 9 over background 13/14 1.93 0.5 - 3.8 0 of 12

% exceeding GMV: <100 and 11/12 20** 5 - 120 colonies/ 200 Fecal Coliform < 10% not to exceed 12/13 50** 10 - 1980 ** 5 – 2200 100 ml 200 13/14 34** 5 - 330 0% 17% 17% 11/12 0.025 0.018 - 0.034 Total Phosphorus mg/L 12/13 0.028 0.016 - 0.043 0.002 - 0.09 0.022 13/14 0.022 0.016 - 0.031 11/12 1.415 0.615 - 2.25 Nitrate + Nitrite- mg/L 12/13 1.379 0.698 - 2.06 1.654 0.556 - 3.66 nitrogen 13/14 1.431 0.915 - 2.14

* Median ** Geometric mean value (GMV)

55 Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 1 - 201 2 Chambers Creek off Henderson Blvd & 58th

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/17/2011 15:15:00 10.40 7.1 10.20 157 20 0.7 1.95 0.018 2.090 Q (discharge) uncertainty 9.4%

11/15/2011 15:15:00 7.51 6.9 10.34 142 10 0.3 2.17 0.019 1.850 Q (discharge) uncertainty 4.9%.

12/19/2011 14:15:00 7.41 6.9 11.28 151 90 0.8 1.89 0.020 2.250 Q (discharge) uncertainty 8.8%.

01/24/2012 12:00:00 4.38 6.6 12.66 79 25 2.0 15.23 0.030 1.080 Q (discharge) uncertainty 2.9%.

02/13/2012 14:45:00 8.18 6.9 11.72 101 10 1.6 10.41 0.022 0.937 Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.7%.

03/20/2012 15:00:00 7.47 7.1 12.29 87 0 1.5 25.82 0.029 0.615 Q (discharge) uncertainty 7.2%. FC reported as <5.

04/16/2012 14:30:00 12.83 7.2 12.11 103 20 1.2 18.46 0.025 0.712 Q (discharge) uncertainty 5.6%.

05/15/2012 15:15:00 16.45 7.1 10.36 119 0 2.0 12.00 0.024 0.898 Q (discharge) uncertainty 7.7%. FC reported as <5.

06/13/2012 15:30:00 13.57 7.1 10.15 132 40 1.6 6.82 0.030 1.410 Q (discharge) uncertainty 9.7%.

07/17/2012 14:45:00 14.56 7.0 10.44 147 35 3.7 3.69 0.034 1.770 Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.4%. Duplicates labeled "Pioneer".

08/13/2012 15:10:00 15.95 7.0 10.64 152 1.0 2.92 0.022 1.710 Holding time exceeded for FC. Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.6%.

09/10/2012 14:40:00 13.39 7.2 10.29 107 120 1.0 2.32 0.020 1.950 Q (discharge) uncertainty 5.6%.

56 Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 2- 201 3 Chambers Creek off Henderson Blvd & 58th

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/15/2012 14:00:00 11.96 7.1 9.68 163 205 1.1 2.05 0.028 2.020

11/05/2012 14:00:00 12.22 6.9 8.97 129 25 1.7 3.70 0.033 1.470 FC results estimated: colony count outside optimum range of colonies per filter.

12/11/2012 14:40:00 7.48 6.8 10.03 91 25 1.4 10.43 0.029 1.150 Q (discharge) uncertainty 6.0.

01/14/2013 14:30:00 3.35 6.8 13.29 95 14 1.2 21.28 0.022 0.884 Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.7%. Duplicates labeled "Pioneer".

02/11/2013 14:40:00 7.85 6.9 12.04 113 10 3.8 10.89 0.034 0.866 Q (discharge) uncertainty 9.6%.

03/11/2013 13:45:00 8.50 6.9 10.38 105 10 3.5 12.44 0.035 1.030 Q (discharge) uncertainty 4.7%.

04/15/2013 13:50:00 10.32 6.9 11.91 98 25 1.9 19.24 0.029 0.698 Q (discharge) uncertainty 4.1%.

05/13/2013 14:45:00 14.79 7.1 10.30 114 1980 4.4 8.59 0.043 1.230 Q (discharge) uncertainty 6.1%. Repeat FC sample taken on 5/16/13 65/100 ml. FC's high at many locations within Watershed during this sample run.

05/16/2013 13:00:00 65 Repeat Sample FC only.

06/11/2013 14:45:00 13.86 7.1 9.91 143 70 1.8 4.52 0.025 1.720 Q (discharge) uncertainty 4.5%.

07/15/2013 14:30:00 16.22 7.1 9.83 150 50 1.0 3.13 0.020 1.820 Q (discharge) uncertainty 4.7%.

08/12/2013 14:45:00 15.69 6.9 9.83 157 35 1.8 2.90 0.019 1.600 Q (discharge) uncertainty 5.6%.

09/10/2013 13:45:00 15.02 6.8 9.35 156 170 0.9 2.19 0.016 2.060 Q (discharge) uncertainty 5.6%.

57 Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 3- 201 4 Chambers Creek off Henderson Blvd & 58th

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/21/2013 14:15:00 10.14 7.0 10.09 151 85 0.6 2.53 0.017 2.140 Q (discharge) uncertainty 5.5%.

11/18/2013 14:00:00 9.17 6.6 10.53 100 75 2.9 7.39 0.026 0.954 Q (discharge) uncertainty 13.8%.

12/09/2013 14:00:00 2.85 6.9 13.34 125 10 3.4 4.11 0.018 1.650 Q (discharge) uncertainty 10.5%.

01/13/2014 13:10:00 8.40 6.7 11.10 104 35 3.8 8.96 0.029 1.580 Q (discharge) uncertainty 7.7%.

02/10/2014 13:50:00 5.70 6.8 12.13 122 35 1.5 5.54 0.021 1.470 Q (discharge) uncertainty 2.4%.

03/25/2014 13:45:00 11.19 6.8 11.20 100 0 2.3 24.50 0.029 0.933 Q (discharge) uncertainty 4.9%. FC reported as <5.

04/14/2014 13:45:00 13.04 6.9 12.08 115 5 1.6 14.72 0.021 0.915 Q (discharge) uncertainty 9.1%.

05/12/2014 14:15:00 14.75 6.9 10.40 119 15 2.1 11.92 0.031 1.040 Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.7%

06/09/2014 13:50:00 14.98 7.0 10.33 136 25 0.5 6.43 0.018 1.290 Q (discharge) uncertainty 4.9%.

07/14/2014 14:00:00 16.58 6.8 10.71 153 54 1.6 2.93 0.018 1.640 Q (discharge) uncertainty 6.8%. Duplicates labeled "Pioneer".

08/13/2014 14:00:00 14.99 6.8 8.99 154 260 0.9 3.69 0.018 1.520 Q (discharge) uncertainty 4.4%.

09/15/2014 14:00:00 13.90 7.0 9.72 164 330 1.9 1.66 0.016 2.040 Q (discharge) uncertainty 7.3%.

58 Deschutes River #0028

PART OF BUDD INLET WATERSHED gradient, and the lower 40 miles has a fairly uniform moderate gradient. LENGTH OF CREEK: 57 miles GENERAL WATER QUALITY: (Excellent, BASIN SIZE: 162 sq miles Good, Fair, Poor)

STREAM ORDER: 4 Good to Fair – High total phosprous and nitrate+nitrite concentrations above the PRIMARY LAND USES: regional reference condition was recorded for Upper watershed is primarily forested; mid- all water years at all stations. Turbidity is watershed is a mix of rural residential, often high in winter. Summer temperature agriculture and forestry. Lower watershed is violations occur. Low in-stream flow and urban land uses, which includes portions of the habitat deficiencies are concern for fisheries cities of Tumwater, Olympia and Lacey. resources.

FISHERIES RESOURCES: (From A OTHER WATER RESOURCE DATA: Catalog of Washington Streams and Salmon Thurston County Resource Stewardship Utilization, WDOF) Department, (360) 754-4681 or Coho, Chinook, and probably Chum. www.co.thurston.wa.us/monitoring Thurston County Environmental Health GENERAL TOPOGRAPHY: Division, (360) 867-2626 or Upper watershed is at roughly 3,800 feet www.co.thurston.wa.us/health/ehswat/swater.html elevation with steep slopes of over 70 percent at places. The mid and lower watershed has Washington Department of Ecology, (360) more gentle topography with slopes between 407-6000: water quality data. 5-30 percent and an alluvial flood plain. The US Geological Survey, Tacoma, (253) 593- upper 11 miles of the river has a steep 6510: river discharge data.

59 Deschutes River #0028

Deschutes River at Tumwater Falls Park

The state water quality standard for fecal coliform bacteria has two parts: Part 1 - the geometric mean shall not exceed 100 colonies per 100 milliliters of sample and Part 2 - no more than 10% of the samples shall exceed 200 colonies per 100 mL.

The Deshutes River at Tumwater Falls Park Site met Part 1and Part 2 in Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14.

The water quality standard for dissolved oxygen is a lowest one-day minimum of 8 mg/L. All dissolved oxygen measurements in the period of record have been above 8 mg/L.

The water quality standard for pH requires the pH to be within the range of 6.5 to 8.5. There have been only occasional pH measurements below 6.5 throughout the period of record. There were no violations of the pH standard for Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14.

60 Deschutes River #0028

Deschutes River at Waldrick Rd.

The state water quality standard for fecal coliform bacteria has two parts: Part 1 - the geometric mean shall not exceed 100 colonies per 100 milliliters of sample and Part 2 - no more than 10% of the samples shall exceed 200 colonies per 100 mL.

The river at Waldrick Rd. met both parts of the fecal coliform standard in the past four water years.

At Deschutes River at Waldrick Rd., the water quality standard for dissolved oxygen (DO) is a lowest one-day minimum of 9.5 mg/L. There have been no DO violations during the period of record.

The water quality standard for pH requires the pH to be within the range of 6.5 to 8.5. During the period of record, pH measurements have fallen within this range.

61 Deschutes River #0028

Deschutes River at Vail Loop Rd.

The state water quality standard for fecal coliform bacteria has two parts: Part 1 - the geometric mean shall not exceed 100 colonies per 100 milliliters of sample and Part 2 - no more than 10% of the samples shall exceed 200 colonies per 100 mL.

The river at Vail Loop Rd. met both parts of the fecal coliform standard in the past four water years.

At Deschutes River at Vail Loop Rd., the water quality standard for dissolved oxygen (DO) is a lowest one-day minimum of 9.5 mg/L. There was one DO violation in Water Year 2013/14.

The water quality standard for pH requires the pH to be within the range of 6.5 to 8.5. The pH was met throughout the period of record.

62 Deschutes River #0028

Discussion:

Parts of the Deschutes River are listed on the Washington State Department of Ecology 1998 Section 303(d) list of impaired and threatened water bodies for violating temperature, pH, and fecal coliform water quality standards, as well as in-stream flow, fine sediments and large woody debris deficiencies. In response to those listings the Washington Department of Ecology began a total maximum daily load study (TMDL) in 2003 to identify pollution sources and develop a plan to correct them. A draft TMDL technical study report was published in October 2008. An advisory committee began meeting in early 2009 to develop the water clean-up plan. The purpose of the water clean-up plan is to identify the actions needed to bring the water bodies within the Deschutes Watershed into compliance with the state water quality standards.

Thurston County currently monitors the water quality of the river at three locations; near the mouth above Tumwater Falls at Tumwater Falls Park, at Waldrick Road, and at Vail Loop Road near Rainier. The monitoring site near Tumwater Falls has been part of the ambient monitoring program since 1993. The other two locations were added to the program in 2007.

The temperature and dissolved oxygen standards that apply at the most downstream site at Tumwater Falls are different than the standards that apply at the two upstream sampling sites located at Waldrick and Vail loop Roads. At the Tumwater Falls site, temperature criteria of a 7-day average daily (DAD) maximum of 17.5° C and a dissolved oxygen criteria of the lowest one-day minimum of 8.0 mg/L is intended to protect salmonid spawning, rearing, and migration. Upstream of the Offut Lake tributary, temperature criteria of a 7-day average daily (DAD) maximum of 16° C and a dissolved oxygen criteria of the lowest one-day minimum of 9.5 mg/L is intended to protect core summer salmonid habitat.

The temperature data collected through this ambient monitoring program are instantaneous measurements. Because there are not continuous temperature recordings from which the 7-day average daily maximum can be calculated, the instantaneous data can only be used as an indicator of possible temperature violations. Temperatures above 16° C were measured at the Waldrick Site in July & August in Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14, and also in September in Water Year 2012/13. At the Vail Loop Site, temperatures above 16° C was measured in July & August in Water Years 2012/13& 2013/14, and in July in Water Year 2011/12. This indicates that possible temperature standard violations may have occurred during these periods. At the Tumwater Falls Site the temperature criterion of 17.5 º C violated once during the summer months in Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14.

While there is no water quality standard for nitrate in surface water, a US EPA study determined that the reference condition for nitrate+nitrite concentrations in streams and rivers of the Puget Sound Lowland ecoregion is 0.26 mg/L (EPA Publication 822-B-00-015). The mean annual concentration of nitrate+nitrite exceeded the regional reference condition of 0.26 mg/L at all three sampling sites during Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14.

The total phosphorus regional reference condition is 0.019 mg/L, according to the above- referenced EPA report. The mean annual total phosphorus concentrations exceeded the regional reference condition at all three Deschutes River sampling sites during Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14.

Tables summarizing the water quality data for each sampling site can be found on the following page. 63 Deschutes River #0028

Major Issues:

. During summer low-flow conditions high water temperatures exist, which may impede salmonid habitat. . Non-point pollution from rural land-uses and point discharges to the river,contributes to water quality problems. . High total phosphorus and nitrate+nitrite concentrations were above the regional reference con- dition for Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14 at all three stations.

64 Water Quality Summary Conventional Parameters Deschutes River at Tumwater Falls Water Year Data: Cumulative Data: WQ Standard 2011/12, 2012/13 & 2013/14 1993-2011 Parameter Units WAC 173-201A # samples vi- Water Mean Range olating stan- Mean Range Year dard 11/12 5.15 - 16.43 Highest 7-DAD Max Temperature º C 12/13 3.57 - 17.85 3.49 - 19.16 of 17.5 º C *** 13/14 1.98 - 18.67 11/12 10.82 - 12.94 0 of 11 Lowest one-day min- Dissolved Oxygen mg/L 12/13 9.55 - 13.5 0 of 12 8.65 - 14.8 imum of 8.0 13/14 9.3 - 14.53 0 of 12 11/12 112 72 - 147 Conductivity μmhos/cm 12/13 116 81 - 148 106 43 – 159 13/14 115 66 - 151 11/12 7.3* 6.8 - 7.5 0 of 11 pH 6.5 - 8.5 12/13 7.15* 7 - 7.5 0 of 12 7.2* 6.2 - 8.11 13/14 7* 6.6 - 7.2 0 of 12 11/12 4.16 1 - 13.6 2 of 11 not to exceed 5 NTU Turbidity NTU 12/13 3.34 1 - 8.9 0 of 12 8.21 0.5 – 125 over background 13/14 5.1 0.2 - 27 1 of 12

% exceeding GMV: <100 and 11/12 14** 5 - 45 colonies/ 200 Fecal Coliform < 10% not to exceed 12/13 31** 5 - 620 26** 5 – 1745 100 ml 200 13/14 10** 5 - 45 0% 8% 0% 11/12 0.031 0.017 - 0.068 Total Phosphorus mg/L 12/13 0.029 0.018 - 0.038 0.013 - 0.324 0.039 13/14 0.028 0.014 - 0.062 11/12 0.65 0.377 - 0.919 Nitrate + Nitrite- mg/L 12/13 0.676 0.529 - 0.919 0.244 - 1.18 nitrogen 0.7 13/14 0.728 0.452 - 0.865

*Median **Geometric Mean Value

65 Water Quality Summary Conventional Parameters Deschutes River at Waldrick Road Water Year Data: Cumulative Data: WQ Standard 2011/12, 2012/13 & 2013/14 1993-2011 Parameter Units WAC 173-201A # samples vi- Water Mean Range olating stan- Mean Range Year dard 11/12 4.94 - 16.33 Highest 7-DAD Max Temperature º C 12/13 3.1 - 18.2 2.93 - 18.44 of 17.5 º C *** 13/14 1.6 - 18.06 11/12 10.79 - 13.28 0 of 11 Lowest one-day min- Dissolved Oxygen mg/L 12/13 10.36 - 13.65 0 of 12 10.45 - 14.96 imum of 8.0 13/14 10.86 - 15.44 0 of 12 11/12 109 67 - 163 Conductivity μmhos/cm 12/13 114 73 - 165 109 46 – 168 13/14 114 61 - 167 11/12 7.55* 6.8 - 8.3 0 of 11 pH 6.5 - 8.5 12/13 7.35* 6.9 - 8.5 0 of 12 7.2* 7 - 8.2 13/14 7* 6.7 - 7.7 0 of 12 11/12 2.81 0.5 - 11.5 0 of 11 not to exceed 5 NTU Turbidity NTU 12/13 2.47 0.7 - 6.9 0 of 12 11.43 0 – 230 over background 13/14 3.74 0.4 - 17.1 1 of 12

% exceeding GMV: <100 and 11/12 11** 5 - 35 colonies/ 100 200 Fecal Coliform < 10% not to exceed 12/13 24** 5 - 130 25** 5 – 320 ml 200 13/14 14** 5 - 304 0% 0% 8% 11/12 0.023 0.013 - 0.043 Total Phosphorus mg/L 12/13 0.022 0.01 - 0.033 0.012 - 0.521 0.039 13/14 0.021 0.007 - 0.044 11/12 0.633 0.34 - 0.925 Nitrate + Nitrite- mg/L 12/13 0.638 0.418 - 1.12 0.706 0.4 - 1.24 nitrogen 13/14 0.696 0.412 - 0.901

*Median **Geometric Mean Value

66 Water Quality Summary Conventional Parameters Deschutes River at Vail Loop Road Water Year Data: Cumulative Data: WQ Standard 2011/12, 2012/13 & 2013/14 1993-2011 Parameter Units WAC 173-201A # samples vi- Water Mean Range olating stan- Mean Range Year dard 11/12 4.83 - 15.41 Highest 7-DAD Max Temperature º C 12/13 2.53 - 16.43 2.58 - 17.13 of 17.5 º C *** 13/14 1.42 - 17.21 11/12 10.67 - 13.25 0 of 11 Lowest one-day min- Dissolved Oxygen mg/L 12/13 9.9 - 13.75 0 of 12 10.26 - 14.01 imum of 8.0 13/14 8.91 - 14.95 1 of 12 11/12 89 60 - 129 Conductivity μmhos/cm 12/13 94 65 - 131 88 44 – 133 13/14 95 57 - 137 11/12 7.15* 6.7 - 7.4 0 of 11 pH 6.5 - 8.5 12/13 7.05* 6.8 - 7.3 0 of 12 7.1* 6.8 - 7.7 13/14 6.8* 6.7 - 7 0 of 12 11/12 2.78 0.4 - 11.2 0 of 11 not to exceed 5 NTU Turbidity NTU 12/13 2.39 0.5 - 6.3 0 of 12 9.42 0 - 164.5 over background 13/14 4.23 0.1 - 14.7 1 of 12

% exceeding GMV: <100 and 11/12 25** 5 - 110 colonies/ 100 200 Fecal Coliform < 10% not to exceed 12/13 20** 5 - 140 23** 5 – 160 ml 200 13/14 20** 5 - 440 0% 0% 8% 11/12 0.023 0.013 - 0.044 Total Phosphorus mg/L 12/13 0.023 0.013 - 0.034 0.036 0.011 - 0.422 13/14 0.025 0.011 - 0.047 11/12 0.442 0.207 - 0.565 Nitrate + Nitrite- mg/L 12/13 0.45 0.288 - 0.623 0.476 0.191 - 0.687 nitrogen 13/14 0.499 0.32 - 0.713

*Median **Geometric Mean Value

67 Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 1 - 201 2 Deschutes River @ Tumwater Falls Park

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/17/2011 16:00:00 10.72 7.4 11.38 140 15 1.4 137.00 0.025 0.845

11/15/2011 16:00:00 6.90 7.2 11.98 108 20 3.8 316.00 0.028 0.602 Duplicates labeled "Deschutes @ Falls".

12/19/2011 14:45:00 6.54 7.1 12.44 124 10 2.0 176.00 0.024 0.919

01/24/2012 13:50:00 5.15 6.8 12.94 72 10 12.6 1210.00 0.068 0.609

02/13/2012 15:30:00 8.02 7.1 12.42 103 15 2.8 442.00 0.023 0.719

03/20/2012 15:30:00 6.88 7.2 12.46 82 5 13.6 973.00 0.051 0.534

04/16/2012 15:15:00 11.47 7.3 11.89 101 28 3.0 492.00 0.029 0.502

05/15/2012 16:00:00 15.35 7.4 11.61 111 0 2.4 373.00 0.024 0.514 FC reported as <5.

06/12/2012 15:30:00 13.99 7.5 11.28 107 25 1.0 333.00 0.017 0.377

07/17/2012 15:40:00 16.43 7.3 10.82 136 45 2.2 159.00 0.031 0.746

08/13/2012 16:00:00 18.39 7.5 11.20 143 2.9 132.00 0.032 0.723 Holding time exceeded for FC.

09/10/2012 15:15:00 14.79 7.5 11.50 147 20 1.0 105.00 0.026 0.780

68 Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 2- 201 3 Deschutes River @ Tumwater Falls Park

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/15/2012 14:45:00 12.20 7.3 10.38 148 150 1.6 123.00 0.036 0.919

11/05/2012 14:30:00 12.06 7.2 11.20 102 20 4.0 333.00 0.035 0.580 FC results estimated: colony count outside optimum range of colonies per filter.

12/11/2012 15:30:00 7.54 7.0 10.83 90 25 6.1 675.00 0.038 0.696

01/14/2013 15:20:00 3.57 7.0 13.50 97 15 5.3 526.00 0.028 0.735

02/11/2013 15:30:00 7.11 7.1 13.17 101 10 2.9 389.00 0.028 0.612

03/11/2013 14:30:00 7.09 7.1 11.49 105 0 2.1 389.00 0.022 0.650 FC reported as <5.

04/15/2013 14:40:00 8.48 7.0 12.68 81 15 8.9 865.00 0.038 0.538

05/13/2013 15:20:00 14.76 7.3 11.39 121 620 2.8 258.00 0.024 0.594 FC's high at many locations within Watershed during this sample run.

06/11/2013 15:30:00 14.38 7.5 11.50 126 15 1.3 209.00 0.018 0.529

07/15/2013 15:00:00 17.85 7.3 10.55 140 35 1.0 142.00 0.024 0.778

08/12/2013 15:20:00 17.47 7.5 11.22 146 40 1.8 108.00 0.024 0.620

09/10/2013 14:30:00 16.27 7.0 9.55 132 80 2.3 184.00 0.034 0.860

69

Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 3- 201 4 Deschutes River @ Tumwater Falls Park

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/21/2013 14:45:00 9.57 6.9 10.89 125 10 1.1 203.00 0.025 0.753

11/18/2013 14:45:00 8.85 6.8 11.76 93 45 7.8 621.00 0.030 0.552 Duplicates labeled D.@ Falls.

12/09/2013 14:30:00 1.98 7.0 14.53 113 0 3.2 318.00 0.024 0.823 FC reported as <5.

01/13/2014 14:00:00 7.42 6.6 12.61 66 40 27.0 1810.00 0.062 0.828

02/10/2014 14:45:00 5.15 7.0 13.25 115 0 2.1 301.00 0.017 0.806 FC reported as <5.

03/25/2014 14:30:00 9.70 6.8 10.59 101 5 6.1 600.00 0.033 0.752

04/14/2014 14:45:00 11.35 7.0 12.07 110 0 2.6 381.00 0.029 0.629 FC reported as <5.

05/12/2014 15:00:00 12.52 7.1 11.43 89 0 4.6 694.00 0.027 0.452 FC reported as <5.

06/09/2014 14:40:00 15.34 7.2 10.83 129 10 0.2 263.00 0.014 0.636

07/14/2014 14:50:00 18.67 7.2 10.55 144 45 2.9 164.00 0.029 0.828

08/13/2014 14:45:00 16.43 7.0 9.30 144 16 1.9 156.00 0.024 0.809

09/15/2014 14:40:00 14.35 7.0 10.71 151 5 1.7 79.00 0.024 0.865

70 Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 1 - 201 2 Deschutes River @ Waldrick Rd.

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/17/2011 13:50:00 10.11 7.9 12.78 144 30 0.5 0.015 0.857

11/15/2011 13:15:00 6.52 7.4 13.00 96 20 3.0 0.018 0.607

12/19/2011 13:25:00 6.28 7.2 13.28 121 10 0.9 0.019 0.845

01/24/2012 11:00:00 4.94 6.8 13.22 67 10 11.5 0.043 0.594

02/13/2012 13:45:00 7.51 7.2 13.27 95 5 2.2 0.019 0.620

03/20/2012 14:15:00 6.34 7.1 12.69 76 10 7.1 0.035 0.489

04/16/2012 13:30:00 10.70 7.5 12.66 95 5 1.8 0.022 0.457 Duplicates labled "Stedman".

05/15/2012 14:15:00 15.11 7.7 12.44 106 5 1.4 0.021 0.446

06/12/2012 13:50:00 13.79 8.3 12.10 101 10 0.9 0.013 0.340

07/17/2012 13:30:00 16.33 7.6 10.79 140 35 1.0 0.025 0.788

08/13/2012 14:00:00 19.24 8.2 11.53 154 1.3 0.021 0.814 Holding time exceeded for FC.

09/10/2012 13:10:00 15.58 7.9 11.30 163 10 0.6 0.019 0.925

71 Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 2- 201 3 Deschutes River @ Waldrick Rd.

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/15/2012 13:15:00 12.44 7.8 11.96 165 100 0.7 0.024 1.120 Duplicates labeled "Offut". FC results estimated: colony count outside optimum range of colonies per filter.

11/05/2012 12:45:00 12.01 7.5 12.10 91 55 3.1 0.025 0.423 FC results estimated: colony count outside optimum range of colonies per filter.

12/11/2012 13:40:00 7.14 6.9 11.16 82 15 5.2 0.033 0.418

01/14/2013 13:15:00 3.10 7.0 13.65 91 5 2.9 0.025 0.686

02/11/2013 13:15:00 6.39 7.1 13.64 93 0 2.6 0.025 0.459 FC reported as <5.

03/11/2013 12:40:00 6.95 7.0 11.64 98 15 2.1 0.019 0.597

04/15/2013 12:50:00 7.55 6.9 13.05 73 20 6.9 0.032 0.505

05/13/2013 13:30:00 14.72 7.6 11.71 118 130 0.9 0.015 0.557 FC's high at many locations within Watershed during this sample run.

06/11/2013 13:45:00 14.09 8.1 11.97 123 15 0.7 0.011 0.468

07/15/2013 13:30:00 18.20 7.6 10.48 148 45 1.0 0.024 0.858

08/12/2013 13:35:00 17.72 8.5 12.86 157 10 1.7 0.010 0.657

09/10/2013 12:40:00 16.11 7.2 10.36 133 98 1.8 0.026 0.906 Duplicates labeled Deschutes @ Offut.

72 Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 3- 201 4 Deschutes River @ Waldrick Rd.

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/21/2013 13:00:00 9.13 7.1 12.19 120 10 0.9 0.019 0.663

11/18/2013 12:50:00 8.57 6.8 12.36 80 55 7.4 0.026 0.479

12/09/2013 13:00:00 1.60 7.0 15.44 104 5 3.2 0.019 0.733

01/13/2014 12:15:00 7.19 6.7 12.83 61 10 17.1 0.044 0.791

02/10/2014 12:40:00 4.91 7.0 14.09 109 10 1.8 0.016 0.740

03/25/2014 12:40:00 8.94 6.7 11.03 96 10 3.3 0.026 0.715

04/14/2014 12:50:00 10.88 6.9 12.45 104 0 2.0 0.014 0.562 FC reported as <5.

05/12/2014 13:15:00 11.27 6.9 12.22 82 18 3.8 0.020 0.412 Duplicates labeled "Stedman'. Foam in river.

06/09/2014 12:50:00 15.10 7.6 11.88 130 5 0.4 0.007 0.600

07/14/2014 12:30:00 18.06 7.6 11.12 153 35 2.4 0.023 0.893

08/13/2014 13:15:00 17.03 7.4 10.86 157 304 1.0 0.018 0.865

09/15/2014 13:00:00 14.21 7.7 11.92 167 8 1.6 0.014 0.901

73 Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 1 - 201 2 Deschutes River @ Vail Loop Rd

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/17/2011 13:40:00 8.92 7.4 12.21 115 20 0.5 46.00 0.013 0.521 Duplicates labeled "Deschutes @ WeyCo".

11/15/2011 12:45:00 5.79 7.1 12.71 81 110 2.4 166.00 0.016 0.518

12/19/2011 13:15:00 6.06 7.0 12.89 96 20 1.3 80.00 0.018 0.565

01/24/2012 10:45:00 4.83 6.7 13.25 60 15 11.2 712.00 0.044 0.522

02/13/2012 13:20:00 7.10 7.0 13.18 79 5 2.1 221.00 0.020 0.460

03/20/2012 13:45:00 5.98 7.1 12.85 66 10 7.0 561.00 0.039 0.399

04/16/2012 13:15:00 9.50 7.2 12.45 78 20 2.3 271.00 0.025 0.327

05/15/2012 13:40:00 13.25 7.2 12.14 87 55 1.9 186.00 0.026 0.315

06/12/2012 13:30:00 12.16 7.4 11.80 81 55 0.9 166.00 0.014 0.207

07/17/2012 13:10:00 15.41 7.2 10.67 109 40 0.4 66.00 0.021 0.477

08/13/2012 13:30:00 17.32 7.1 10.21 121 0.6 44.00 0.024 0.540 Holding time exceeded for FC.

09/10/2012 13:00:00 14.26 7.3 11.40 129 25 0.6 33.00 0.020 0.556 DO bouncing. Enter to tenths only.

74 Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 2- 201 3 Deschutes River @ Vail Loop Rd

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/15/2012 12:45:00 12.34 7.2 11.58 131 70 0.5 42.00 0.023 0.538 FC results estimated: colony count outside optimum range of colonies per filter.

11/05/2012 12:15:00 11.21 7.2 11.92 75 40 2.4 191.00 0.023 0.288 FC results estimated: colony count outside optimum range of colonies per filter.

12/11/2012 13:15:00 6.63 6.8 11.18 71 10 5.3 353.00 0.034 0.447

01/14/2013 12:45:00 2.53 7.0 13.75 76 5 4.2 254.00 0.025 0.518

02/11/2013 12:40:00 5.79 7.0 13.44 77 0 2.5 218.00 0.025 0.385 FC reported as <5.

03/11/2013 12:10:00 6.58 6.9 11.47 81 5 2.3 198.00 0.021 0.458

04/15/2013 12:40:00 6.80 6.8 13.18 65 0 6.3 484.00 0.032 0.440 FC reported as <5.

05/13/2013 12:40:00 13.60 7.2 12.05 95 140 0.9 101.00 0.016 0.318 Duplicates labeled "Weyer". FC's high at many locations within Watershed during this sample run.

06/11/2013 13:20:00 13.23 7.3 11.73 98 15 0.6 83.00 0.013 0.296

07/15/2013 12:50:00 16.33 7.1 10.24 116 75 0.5 47.00 0.023 0.588

08/12/2013 13:10:00 16.43 7.3 11.82 126 30 1.8 34.00 0.015 0.495

09/10/2013 12:15:00 14.45 6.8 9.90 111 60 1.4 69.00 0.025 0.623

75 Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 3- 201 4 Deschutes River @ Vail Loop Rd

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/21/2013 12:40:00 8.61 6.9 11.77 97 45 1.1 86.00 0.020 0.452

11/18/2013 12:30:00 8.30 6.7 12.36 66 40 8.0 404.00 0.026 0.340

12/09/2013 12:30:00 1.42 6.8 14.95 88 5 3.7 144.00 0.021 0.606

01/13/2014 11:45:00 7.05 6.7 12.75 57 10 14.7 843.00 0.047 0.713

02/10/2014 12:10:00 4.26 6.8 13.31 91 5 2.7 133.00 0.032 0.608 Duplicates labeled "Weyer".

03/25/2014 12:05:00 8.28 6.7 10.95 83 5 3.7 260.00 0.028 0.585

04/14/2014 12:30:00 9.12 6.7 12.33 88 5 2.8 178.00 0.019 0.438

05/12/2014 13:00:00 10.22 6.9 11.84 70 10 3.4 324.00 0.022 0.320

06/09/2014 11:50:00 13.68 7.0 11.06 104 55 0.1 83.00 0.011 0.411

07/14/2014 12:00:00 16.87 6.9 11.18 121 120 2.1 45.00 0.016 0.588

08/13/2014 12:15:00 17.21 6.8 8.91 137 440 6.6 58.00 0.041 0.331

09/15/2014 12:30:00 13.07 7.0 11.46 134 10 1.8 20.00 0.012 0.591

76 Ellis Creek #0022

PART OF BUDD INLET WATERSHED the highest portion of the watershed gradually sloping to Gull Harbor Road where the arms of LENGTH OF CREEK: 1.1 miles plus the creek meet and follow a steep gully down to tributaries from the north and south. Budd Inlet.

BASIN SIZE: 1667 Acres GENERAL WATER QUALITY: (Excellent, Good, Fair, Poor) STREAM ORDER: 1 Good- Failed Part 2 of fecal coliform standard PRIMARY LAND USES: in 2011/12 and 2013/14, but met both parts in Rural residential 2012/13. Failed the turbidity standard in Suburban residential January 2012.

FISHERIES RESOURCES: OTHER DATA: (From A Catalog of Washington Streams and Salmon Utilization, WDOF) City of Olympia, Stream Team, (360) 570-5841

Coho, (Chum) Thurston County Environmental Health Division, (360) 867-2626 or GENERAL TOPOGRAPHY: www.co.thurston.wa.us/health/ehswat/swater.html

Rolling hills, rural landscape, frequent wetlands. Elevations range from 170 feet at

77 Ellis Creek #0022

The water quality standard for fecal coliform bacteria has two parts: Part 1 – the geometric mean shall not exceed 100 colony forming units (cfu) per 100 milliliters of sample and Part 2 – no more than ten percent of the samples shall exceed 200 cfu/100mL.

Ellis Creek met Part 1 of the water quality standard in most years sampled to date, including Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14. The creek has often failed Part 2 of the standard; however, it was met in water years 2011/12 and 2013/14.

The water quality standard for dissolved oxygen is a lowest one-day minimum of 8 mg/L. There have been no recorded dissolved oxygen violations.

The standard for pH requires the pH to be within the range of 6.5 to 8.5. There have been only two violations of the pH standard in 1995 and 1996, no violations occurred in Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14.

78 Ellis Creek #0022

Discussion:

Between 1992 and 1998, Ellis Creek was monitored each water year as part of the ambient monitoring program funded by the local storm and surface water utilities. In December 2002 sampling began again on an every-other-year basis, resulting in data for water years 2002/03, 2004/05, 2006/07, and 2008/09. Monitoring each year has resumed as of 2009/10.

The table on the next page compares the year’s data with the state water quality standards. The creek usually meets Part 1 of the fecal coliform standard but often fails Part 2; however, it was met in 2011/12 and 2013/14. The turbidity was elevated once in water year 2011/12. Staff visual observations indicate the bottom substrate of the stream channel has been changing over time from predominantly gravel to predominantly sand.

While there is no water quality standard for nitrate in surface water, a US EPA study determined that the reference condition for nitrate+nitrite concentrations in streams and rivers of the Puget Sound Lowland ecoregion is 0.26 mg/L (EPA Publication 822-B-00-015). The mean annual concentration of nitrate+nitrite exceeded the regional reference condition of 0.26 mg/L during Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14, with concentrations of 0.097, 0.123, & 0.105 mg/L, respectively.

The total phosphorus regional reference condition is 0.019 mg/L, according to the above-referenced EPA report. The Ellis Creek Site mean annual total phosphorus concentrations for Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14 exceeded the regional reference condition of 0.019 mg/L, with concentrations of 0.043, 0.048, & 0.044 mg/L, respectively.

Major Issues:

. Because of its proximity to the city limits, new development is occurring in the watershed. Full development of the basin could have an appreciable impact on flood volumes. . Water quality is threatened by erosion from high stream flows and nonpoint source pollution in the watershed. . Stream bed appears to be changing from predominantly gravel to sand. . City of Olympia has worked to improve fish passage at the East Bay Drive crossing. . Nitrate+nitrite and total phosphorus concentrations exceeded the regional reference concentration in Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14. . Historical fecal violations (including Part 2 in 2012/13).

Funding Sources:

. Local Stormwater Utility Rates

79 Water Quality Summary Conventional Parameters Ellis Creek Water Year Data: Cumulative Data: WQ Standard 2011/12, 2012/13 & 2013/14 1993-2011 Parameter Units WAC 173-201A # samples Water Mean Range violating Mean Range Year standard 11/12 4.57 - 14.63 Highest 7-DAD Max of Temperature º C 12/13 1.83 - 15.2 17.5 º C *** 4.31 - 13.95 13/14

6.29 - 10.16 11/12 9.81 - 13.94 0 of 12 Lowest one-day Dissolved Oxygen mg/L 12/13 9.27 - 14.23 minimum of 8.0 9.78 - 13.75 0 of 12 13/14

11.05 - 12.51 0 of 2 11/12 115 57 - 154 Conductivity μmhos/cm 12/13 47 – 181 118 79 - 160 110 13/14

119 105 - 133 11/12 7.4* 6.6 - 7.5 0 of 12 6.2 - 7.67 pH 6.5 - 8.5 12/13 7.25* 7 - 7.4 0 of 12 7.3* 13/14 7.05*

6.9 - 7.2 0 of 2 11/12 3.25 0.3 - 18 1 of 12 not to exceed 5 NTU Turbidity NTU 12/13 5.67 0.5 – 37 over background 2.56 1.2 - 3.6 0 of 12 13/14

4.6 1.4 - 7.8 0 of 2 % exceeding 200 11/12 36** 5 - 195 colonies/ 100 GMV: <100 and < Fecal Coliform 12/13 0% 54** 5 – 935 ml 10% not to exceed 200 54** 10 - 285 13/14 17%

45** 45 - 45

0% 11/12 0.046 0.031 - 0.069 Total Phosphorus mg/L 12/13 0.051 0.032 - 0.081 0.05 0.025 - 0.109 13/14

0.054 0.042 - 0.065 11/12 0.718 0.416 - 0.911 Nitrate + Nitrite- mg/L 12/13 0.797 0.435 - 1.14 nitrogen 0.664 0.385 - 0.886 13/14

0.648 0.626 - 0.67 * Median ** Geometric mean value (GMV) 80 Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 1 - 201 2 Ellis Creek @ East Bay Dr

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/19/2011 16:30:00 10.04 7.4 10.97 138 22 1.0 0.50 0.044 0.856 Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.3%. Duplicates labeled "E.Bay".

11/14/2011 15:30:00 7.91 7.2 10.91 150 5 0.3 0.85 0.036 0.589 Q (discharge) uncertainty 10.3%. TSS reported as <0.50.

12/20/2011 12:00:00 6.35 7.4 12.89 128 85 0.6 1.34 0.032 0.775

01/25/2012 12:50:00 4.57 6.6 13.94 57 65 18.0 31.46 0.065 0.805 Q (discharge) uncertainty 2.4%.

02/15/2012 12:30:00 6.09 7.4 12.82 97 10 2.4 3.68 0.031 0.659 Duplicate FC labeled "East Bay".

03/19/2012 15:15:00 6.38 7.2 12.82 72 35 4.9 9.26 0.041 0.529

04/17/2012 14:45:00 9.26 7.4 12.00 99 18 2.7 3.77 0.041 0.416 Duplicates labeled E. Bay.

05/14/2012 12:40:00 12.01 7.4 11.58 117 45 3.2 2.09 0.044 0.627

06/11/2012 14:45:00 12.64 7.5 10.65 117 60 2.0 1.39 0.050 0.700

07/25/2012 11:00:00 12.56 7.3 10.41 149 195 1.5 0.76 0.049 0.854

08/15/2012 11:50:00 14.63 7.4 9.81 107 60 1.6 0.48 0.069 0.911

09/12/2012 12:00:00 10.70 7.4 10.84 154 42 0.8 0.38 0.050 0.889 Duplicates labeled "Priest". FC results estimated: colony count outside optimum range of colonies per filter.

81 Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 2- 201 3 Ellis Creek @ East Bay Dr

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/16/2012 14:10:00 11.11 7.3 10.63 160 285 3.0 0.60 0.081 0.640 Duplicates labeled "East Bay".

11/06/2012 12:45:00 10.02 7.1 11.30 121 25 1.3 1.50 0.057 0.385 FC results estimated: colony count outside optimum range of colonies per filter.

12/10/2012 13:45:00 7.71 7.0 12.31 79 45 3.2 5.66 0.043 0.569

01/15/2013 11:30:00 4.31 7.0 13.32 90 40 3.0 3.74 0.032 0.676

02/12/2013 12:00:00 7.60 7.2 12.69 109 15 3.3 2.32 0.040 0.491 Three mesh bags in stream at ambient sites: probably for macroinvertabrate studies.

03/05/2013 12:30:00 6.70 7.3 12.42 94 10 3.3 3.50 0.038 0.627

04/17/2013 11:30:00 8.23 7.3 13.60 96 15 3.2 3.28 0.062 0.546

05/14/2013 12:00:00 10.93 7.4 13.75 135 85 2.6 0.95 0.049 0.749

06/11/2013 13:00:00 11.55 7.4 10.61 138 58 3.6 1.07 0.052 0.837 Duplicates labeled "Point Crk".

07/17/2013 10:15:00 13.10 7.2 10.57 150 235 1.2 0.59 0.051 0.886

08/13/2013 11:50:00 13.42 7.3 10.45 151 115 1.8 0.54 0.061 0.836 FC's high for most samples on this date.

09/09/2013 11:00:00 13.95 7.1 9.78 96 160 1.2 0.44 0.044 0.720 Duplicates labeled "Priest".

82 Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 3- 201 4 Ellis Creek @ East Bay Dr

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/22/2013 11:20:00 10.16 7.2 11.05 133 45 1.4 0.76 0.042 0.626

11/20/2013 10:10:00 6.29 6.9 12.51 105 45 7.8 3.52 0.065 0.670

83 Indian Creek #0026

PART OF BUDD INLET WATERSHED entire length of Indian Creek. Species include coastal cutthroat, cottids, and three-spined LENGTH OF CREEK: Approximately 3 stickleback. miles (14% piped underground) GENERAL TOPOGRAPHY: BASIN SIZE: 1459 Acres Indian Creek originates in Bigelow Lake, a STREAM ORDER: 1 sphagnum bog lake. There are low to medium channel gradients in areas of rolling terraces and PRIMARY LAND USES: numerous small depressions. The upper portion of the creek flows in a wide flood plain with Within Olympia city limits, it is urban- extensive streamside wetlands. Downstream moderate to high density residential and reaches of the stream are confined by steeper commercial. upper banks. Numerous year round and seasonal tributaries, springs and seeps enter the Within the county, it is rural to moderate creek. residential intermixed with businesses. GENERAL WATER QUALITY: (Excellent, FISHERIES RESOURCES: (From A Good, Fair, Poor) Catalog of Washington Streams and Salmon Utilization, WDOF) Poor - Fecal coliform concentrations are consistently high and fail both parts of the None from catalog but Washington standard. Elevated metals and organics detected Department of Fish and Wildlife plants Coho in creek sediments in past studies. Nitrate in Indian Creek near the Boulevard Street concentrations are high. bridge. NED (Northwest Environmental Data Base) indicates resident fish are found in the

84 Indian Creek #0026

The water quality standard for fecal coliform bacteria has two parts: Part 1 – the geometric mean shall not exceed 100 colony forming units per 100 milliliters of sample and, Part 2 – no more than ten percent of the samples shall exceed 200 cfu/100 mL.

Indian Creek consistently fails both parts of the fecal coliform bacteria standard, however Part 1 of the standard was met in water year 2011/12.

The water quality standard for dissolved oxygen is a lowest one-day minimum of 8 mg/L. There have been no recorded dissolved oxygen violations.

The standard for pH requires the pH to be within the range of 6.5 to 8.5. There have been no recorded pH violations.

85 Indian Creek #0026

OTHER DATA:

City of Olympia, Stream Team, (360) 570- 5841

Thurston County Environmental Health Division, (360) 867-2626 or www.co.thurston.wa.us/health/ehswat/swater.html

Discussion:

From 1993-1998, Indian Creek was monitored each water year as part of the long-term ambient monitoring program. In December 2002 sampling began again on an every-other-year basis, resulting in data for water years 2002/03, 2004/05, 2006/07, and 2008/09. Monitoring each year resumed with water year 2009/10.

The table on the next page compares the year’s data with the state water quality standards. In water year 2011/12, Part 1 of the fecal coliform standard was met. In water years 2012/13 and 2013/14, both parts of the fecal coliform standard were violated. There was one turbidity violation in the 2011/12 water year; in January 2012 and one in the 2013/14 water year; March 2014. The nitrate concentrations are higher than background surface water concentrations.

While there is no water quality standard for nitrate in surface water, a US EPA study determined that the reference condition for nitrate+nitrite concentrations in streams and rivers of the Puget Sound Lowland ecoregion is 0.26 mg/L (EPA Publication 822-B-00-015). The mean annual concentration of nitrate+nitrite exceeded the regional reference condition of 0.26 mg/L during Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14, with concentrations of 0.922, 0.880, & 0.869 mg/L, respectively.

The total phosphorus regional reference condition is 0.019 mg/L, according to the above-referenced EPA report. The Indian Creek Site mean annual total phosphorus concentrations for Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14 exceeded the regional reference condition of 0.019 mg/L, with concentrations of 0.055, 0.051, & 0.059 mg/L, respectively.

Major Issues:

. Fecal coliform bacteria contamination continues to be a problem in this urban stream. . Storm water runoff from city streets and Interstate Highway 5 discharges into the creek and contributes to water quality problems. . High nitrate+nitrite and total phosphorus concentrations exceeded the regional reference condition for Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14.

Funding Sources:

. Local Stormwater Utility Rate

86 Water Quality Summary Conventional Parameters Indian Creek Water Year Data: Cumulative Data: WQ Standard 2011/12, 2012/13 & 2013/14 1993-2011 Parameter Units WAC 173-201A # samples Water Mean Range violating Mean Range Year standard 11/12 4.27 - 14.92 Highest 7-DAD Max Temperature º C 12/13 3.11 - 15.72 of 17.5 º C *** 4.39 - 14.73 13/14

2.67 - 14.92 11/12 9.7 - 13.96 0 of 12 Lowest one-day Dissolved Oxygen mg/L 12/13 9.2 - 13.63 minimum of 8.0 9.67 - 13.62 0 of 12 13/14

9.4 - 13.65 0 of 12 11/12 150 102 - 177 Conductivity μmhos/cm 12/13 148 119 - 175 143 64 – 197 13/14

147 112 - 177 11/12 7.4* 6.8 - 7.4 0 of 12 pH 6.5 - 8.5 12/13 7.2* 6.9 - 7.5 0 of 12 7.4* 6.6 - 7.67 13/14 7.0*

6.9 - 7.2 0 of 12 11/12 5.61 2 - 23.2 1 of 12 not to exceed 5 NTU Turbidity NTU 12/13 7.97 1.6 - 60.2 over background 3.73 1.1 - 6.8 0 of 12 13/14

5.63 2.3 - 17.6 1 of 12 % exceeding GMV: <100 and 11/12 80** 5 - 450 200 colonies/ Fecal Coliform < 10% not to exceed 12/13 33% 205** 10 – 3700 100 ml 241** 60 - 745 200 13/14 50% 101** 5 - 725

50% 11/12 0.055 0.037 - 0.121 Total Phosphorus mg/L 12/13 0.051 0.039 - 0.071 0.058 0.024 - 0.198 13/14

0.059 0.035 - 0.088 11/12 0.922 0.529 - 1.12 Nitrate + Nitrite- mg/L 12/13 0.88 0.514 - 1.18 0.297 - 1.26 nitrogen 0.909 13/14

0.869 0.6 - 1.12 * Median ** Geometric mean value (GMV)

87 Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 1 - 201 2 Indian Creek @ Quince Ave

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/19/2011 15:10:00 10.58 7.4 10.96 177 60 2.6 1.22 0.044 1.090 Q (discharge) uncertainty 4.8%.

11/14/2011 14:05:00 8.50 7.2 11.24 167 150 2.8 1.51 0.037 0.779 Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.9%.

12/20/2011 10:45:00 6.71 7.4 12.62 155 15 2.0 2.18 0.040 1.070

01/25/2012 11:00:00 4.27 6.8 13.96 102 420 23.2 13.89 0.073 0.550 Q (discharge) uncertainty 4.8%.

02/15/2012 11:15:00 6.41 7.4 12.69 136 0 2.7 3.76 0.038 0.958 FC reported as <5. Measured above the log weir.

03/19/2012 14:15:00 6.33 7.3 12.86 111 25 2.9 6.84 0.039 0.529

04/17/2012 10:40:00 9.49 7.3 11.97 135 55 3.3 4.38 0.047 0.767

05/14/2012 11:15:00 12.04 7.3 11.46 149 45 5.1 3.45 0.062 0.962 TSS Duplicates labeled "Quality".

06/11/2012 16:30:00 13.20 7.4 10.56 152 250 12.0 2.15 0.121 1.070

07/25/2012 11:30:00 13.43 7.3 10.11 169 140 4.0 1.71 0.050 1.080

08/15/2012 12:40:00 14.92 7.4 9.70 174 300 4.2 1.44 0.068 1.120 Duplicate TSS labeled "Quality".

09/12/2012 10:00:00 10.56 7.4 10.58 176 450 2.5 1.12 0.044 1.090 FC results estimated: colony count outside optimum range of colonies per filter.

88

Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 2- 201 3 Indian Creek @ Quince Ave

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/16/2012 12:20:00 11.99 7.5 10.62 151 205 2.7 1.64 0.055 0.667

11/06/2012 11:10:00 10.22 6.9 11.32 147 60 1.1 2.41 0.071 0.514 FC results estimated: colony count outside optimum range of colonies per filter.

12/10/2012 12:40:00 7.47 7.0 12.32 119 165 2.5 5.41 0.049 0.561

01/15/2013 10:30:00 4.39 7.1 13.44 129 155 3.3 3.76 0.039 0.981

02/12/2013 11:00:00 7.95 7.0 12.57 142 200 6.8 3.15 0.052 0.806

03/05/2013 11:15:00 6.79 7.4 12.78 129 135 4.3 3.65 0.042 0.898

04/17/2013 10:30:00 8.24 7.2 13.62 130 85 4.3 3.70 0.048 0.780

05/14/2013 13:20:00 11.82 7.3 13.07 156 410 4.8 2.14 0.055 1.130

06/11/2013 10:15:00 11.61 7.2 10.37 152 745 6.0 1.60 0.054 1.140

07/17/2013 11:00:00 13.59 7.3 10.34 170 710 3.6 1.26 0.052 1.020

08/13/2013 10:15:00 13.41 7.3 10.49 175 520 3.7 1.36 0.054 1.180 Duplicates labeled "Union". FC's high for most samples on this date.

09/09/2013 15:20:00 14.73 7.2 9.67 171 480 1.7 1.20 0.045 0.883

89 Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 3- 201 4 Indian Creek @ Quince Ave

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/22/2013 10:00:00 10.31 6.9 11.00 150 0 3.2 1.77 0.057 0.710 FC reported as <5.

11/20/2013 14:45:00 7.03 7.1 12.38 142 0 3.3 3.78 0.046 0.600 FC reported as <5.

12/09/2013 15:30:00 2.67 6.9 13.65 157 100 2.3 1.90 0.040 1.000 Duplicates labeled "Quality".

01/15/2014 12:10:00 7.40 7.0 12.32 125 230 3.5 3.63 0.060 0.614

02/12/2014 11:10:00 6.53 7.0 12.11 114 725 8.3 5.10 0.054 0.748

03/19/2014 15:00:00 9.37 6.9 10.84 112 120 17.6 5.62 0.088 0.772

04/16/2014 11:15:00 10.12 6.9 11.18 145 55 5.2 3.03 0.069 0.923

05/14/2014 11:30:00 12.57 7.0 11.29 142 85 6.7 2.93 0.078 0.936

06/11/2014 11:00:00 12.33 7.2 11.13 153 320 6.7 2.95 0.064 1.020

07/16/2014 11:30:00 14.40 7.0 9.89 173 225 4.0 1.32 0.054 1.120

08/12/2014 13:15:00 14.92 7.1 9.40 176 285 4.4 1.31 0.060 1.050

09/17/2014 12:15:00 13.26 7.1 10.01 177 355 2.4 1.08 0.035 0.936

90 Mission Creek #0025

PART OF BUDD INLET WATERSHED GENERAL TOPOGRAPHY: The creek runs through a large relatively flat LENGTH OF RIVER: 1.5 miles area at 180 feet elevation at the top of the ridge above East Bay Drive. It originates in a wetland BASIN SIZE: 360 square miles in the southern part of the basin and flows northwest to its mouth at the south boundary of STREAM ORDER: 1 Priest Point Park.

PRIMARY LAND USES: GENERAL WATER QUALITY: (Excellent, Good, Fair, Poor) Residential Forest cover, public parks Fair – Routinely fails both parts of the fecal coliform standard. The turbidity standard was FISHERIES RESOURCES: (From A violated in October 2012. Nutrients and Catalog of Washington Steams and Salmon phosphorus are elevated, particularly nitrates. Utilization, WDOF) Coho, Chum OTHER DATA:

Thurston County Environmental Health Division, (360) 867-2626 or www.co.thurston.wa.us/health/ehswat/swater.html

City of Olympia, Stream Team, (360) 570-5841

91 Mission Creek #0025

The water quality standard for fecal coliform bacteria has two parts: Part 1 - the geometric mean shall not exceed 100 colony forming units per 100 milliliters of sample and, part 2 - no more than ten percent of the samples shall exceed 200 cfu/100 mL.

Mission Creek has failed Part 1of the fecal coliform standard in water years 2011/12 and 2012/13, but passed in 2013/14. It has failed Part 2 every year it was sampled with the exception of water year 2013/14.

The water quality standard for dissolved oxygen is a lowest one-day minimum of 8 mg/L. There have been no recorded dissolved oxygen violations.

The standard for pH requires the pH to be within the range of 6.5 to 8.5. There have been no violations of the pH standard.

92 Mission Creek #0025

Discussion:

In the past, Mission Creek was monitored as part of the Budd/Deschutes Water Quality Study, 1993. The creek was found to contain one of the highest loadings of fecal coliform bacteria to Budd Inlet of all tributaries to Budd Inlet. This creek was intensively monitored during storms. The intensive monitoring revealed that there were excessively high levels of bacterial contamination throughout the creek system and that stormwater was the major source of bacterial contamination to the creek. A septic system survey done as a follow-up to the intensive monitoring did not identify major septic system failures that would explain the high levels of bacteria in the creek.

Between water years 1993 and 1998, monitoring of Mission Creek was conducted as part of the ambient monitoring program. In December 2002 sampling began again on an every-other-year basis, resulting in data for water years 2002/03, 2004/05, 2006/07, and 2008/09. Monitoring every year has resumed as of 2009/10.

The table on the next page and the graphs on the previous page compare the year’s data with state water quality standards. In water years 2011/12, 2012/13 and 2013/14, the creek met pH and dissolved oxygen standards. In water year 2012/13 it violated the turbidity standard once out of the 12-months sampled. In water years 2011/12 and 2012/13 it failed parts 1 & 2 of the fecal coliform bacteria standards and passed both parts in 2013/14. Nutrients, particularly nitrates, are also elevated in this creek.

While there is no water quality standard for nitrate in surface water, a US EPA study determined that the reference condition for nitrate+nitrite concentrations in streams and rivers of the Puget Sound Lowland ecoregion is 0.26 mg/L (EPA Publication 822-B-00-015). The mean annual concentration of nitrate+nitrite exceeded the regional reference condition of 0.26 mg/L during Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14, with concentrations of 1.207, 1.147, & 1.1 mg/L, respectively.

The total phosphorus regional reference condition is 0.019 mg/L, according to the above-referenced EPA report. The Mission Creek Site mean annual total phosphorus concentrations for Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14 exceeded the regional reference condition of 0.019 mg/L, with concentrations of 0.080, 0.086, & 0.075 mg/L, respectively.

Major Issues:

. High levels of fecal coliform bacterial contamination throughout the creek system, including stormwater discharges. . The watershed has potential for future development which may further impact water quality. . Total phosphorus and nitrate+nitrite concentrations exceeded their respective regional reference concentrations for Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14.

Funding Sources:

. Local stormwater utility rate

93 Water Quality Summary Conventional Parameters Mission Creek Water Year Data: Cumulative Data: WQ Standard 2011/12, 2012/13 & 2013/14 1993-2011 Parameter Units WAC 173-201A # samples Water Mean Range violating Mean Range Year standard 11/12 4.74 - 14.33 Highest 7-DAD Max Temperature º C 12/13 2.33 - 15.41 of 17.5 º C *** 4.98 - 13.78 13/14

6.19 - 10.14 11/12 9.76 - 13.81 0 of 12 Lowest one-day Dissolved Oxygen mg/L 12/13 9.29 - 14.09 minimum of 8.0 mg/L 9.91 - 13.78 0 of 12 13/14

11.16 - 12.48 0 of 2 11/12 125 76 - 144 53 – 145 Conductivity μmhos/cm 12/13 129 112 - 142 118 13/14

113 106 - 120 11/12 7.6* 7 - 7.7 0 of 12 pH 6.5 - 8.5 12/13 7.35* 7 - 7.5 0 of 12 7.3* 6.5 - 8.2 13/14 7.2*

7.1 - 7.3 0 of 2 11/12 2.1 0.3 - 6.9 0 of 12 not to exceed 5 NTU Turbidity NTU 12/13 8.8 0.5 – 456 over background 3.58 0.6 - 20.7 1 of 12 13/14

1.95 1.9 - 2 0 of 2 % exceeding 200 GMV: <100 and 11/12 123** 15 - 680 colonies/ Fecal Coliform < 10% not to exceed 12/13 33% 133** 10 – 3844 100 ml 210** 45 - 635 200 13/14 50%

43** 15 - 125

0% 11/12 0.08 0.041 - 0.136 Total Phosphorus mg/L 12/13 0.086 0.045 - 0.155 0.09 0.015 - 1.12 13/14

0.075 0.064 - 0.085 11/12 1.207 0.776 - 1.39 Nitrate + Nitrite- mg/L 12/13 1.222 0.328 - 3.01 nitrogen 1.147 0.816 - 1.42 13/14

1.1 0.959 - 1.24

* Median ** Geometric mean value (GMV)

94 Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 1 - 201 2 Mission Creek @ East Bay Drive

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/19/2011 16:00:00 10.49 7.6 11.02 142 180 1.3 0.31 0.121 1.200 Q (discharge) uncertainty 5.4%.

11/14/2011 14:50:00 8.03 7.4 11.43 135 135 0.7 0.51 0.085 0.776 Q (discharge) uncertainty 6.2%.

12/20/2011 11:30:00 6.63 7.6 12.70 137 310 0.3 0.66 0.067 1.360

01/25/2012 12:20:00 4.74 7.0 13.81 76 135 6.9 5.68 0.047 1.120 Q (discharge) uncertainty 6%.

02/15/2012 12:00:00 6.38 7.7 12.70 121 25 0.9 1.15 0.047 1.300

03/19/2012 14:45:00 6.94 7.6 12.58 112 60 1.4 1.89 0.041 1.090

04/17/2012 14:30:00 9.36 7.6 12.00 121 15 1.6 1.57 0.062 1.010

05/14/2012 12:00:00 11.77 7.6 11.71 132 140 2.4 0.85 0.061 1.330

06/11/2012 14:10:00 12.55 7.7 10.87 135 310 2.1 0.62 0.078 1.280

07/25/2012 10:10:00 12.51 7.3 10.35 144 60 2.4 0.57 0.098 1.290

08/15/2012 11:00:00 14.33 7.5 9.76 101 300 2.9 0.41 0.136 1.340 Duplicates labeled "Priest".

09/12/2012 11:30:00 10.92 7.4 10.78 144 680 2.3 0.34 0.122 1.390 FC results estimated: colony count outside optimum range of colonies per filter.

95

Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 2- 201 3 Mission Creek @ East Bay Drive

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/16/2012 14:00:00 11.21 7.4 10.94 141 560 20.7 0.70 0.155 1.050 FC results estimated: colony count outside optimum range of colonies per filter.

11/06/2012 12:30:00 10.04 7.4 11.46 132 65 0.6 0.53 0.098 0.816 FC results estimated: colony count outside optimum range of colonies per filter.

12/10/2012 13:30:00 7.93 7.0 12.14 112 45 1.1 1.34 0.059 1.030

01/15/2013 11:10:00 4.98 7.3 13.16 118 125 2.2 1.38 0.045 1.340

02/12/2013 11:40:00 8.04 7.3 12.57 125 230 2.7 1.03 0.063 1.020

03/05/2013 11:45:00 7.11 7.5 12.30 122 150 2.0 1.22 0.052 1.180

04/17/2013 11:00:00 8.32 7.5 13.55 123 175 2.2 1.22 0.048 1.200

05/14/2013 11:20:00 10.77 7.5 13.78 132 135 2.8 0.94 0.084 1.160 Duplicates labeled "East Bay".

06/11/2013 14:40:00 11.95 7.5 10.42 129 440 4.3 0.68 0.099 1.420

07/17/2013 09:45:00 13.07 7.1 10.56 141 635 1.3 0.54 0.106 1.280

08/13/2013 11:20:00 13.24 7.3 10.62 142 360 2.5 0.29 0.123 1.250 FC's high for most samples on this date.

09/09/2013 10:15:00 13.78 7.0 9.91 126 445 0.6 0.43 0.104 1.020

96 Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 3- 201 4 Mission Creek @ East Bay Drive

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/22/2013 10:45:00 10.14 7.3 11.16 106 125 2.0 0.53 0.085 1.240

11/20/2013 09:30:00 6.19 7.1 12.48 120 15 1.9 1.06 0.064 0.959 Duplicates labeled "Priest Pt".

97 Moxlie Creek #0027

PART OF BUDD INLET WATERSHED medium channel gradients, and is located in LENGTH OF CREEK: Approximately 1.8 areas of rolling terraces with numerous small depressions. Upper banks are deeply incised miles (36% is piped underground) with slopes that commonly exceed 30%. The BASIN SIZE: 1391 Acres adjacent upland terrace in the southern portion of the basin has numerous glacial depressions STREAM ORDER: 1 commonly called kettles or potholes. Surface water in this portion of the basin typically PRIMARY LAND USES: drains to the kettles rather than to Moxlie Urban City Creek. Many small springs and tributaries Urban residential enter the creek at various locations. Indian Public parks (heavily forested park) Creek flows into Moxlie Creek near Plum Suburban residential Street and Henderson Boulevard. The creek flows through downtown Olympia in a 72 FISHERIES RESOURCES: inch culvert and discharges into East Bay in Budd Inlet. The creek is tidally influenced Olympia Stream Team has sighted cut throat throughout most of the culverted segment. trout, chinook and coho in Moxlie Creek. There was some limited numbers of Coho GENERAL WATER QUALITY: juveniles planted in the creek in Watershed (Excellent, Good, Fair, Poor) Park. Poor - Failed both parts of the fecal GENERAL TOPOGRAPHY: coliform water quality standard; total The stream originates at an artesian spring phosphorus and nutrient levels are in Olympia's Watershed Park, has low to moderately high. The creek is heavily impacted by urban land uses. 98 Moxlie Creek #0027

OTHER DATA: Thurston County Environmental Health City of Olympia, Stream Team, Division, (360) 867-2626 or (360) 754-4681 www.co.thurston.wa.us/health/ehswat/swater.html

Discussion:

Moxlie Creek has been sampled as part of the ambient monitoring program since Water Years 2002/03, 2004/05, 2006/07, and 2008/09. Monitoring every year began in 2009/10. The sampling site is at the outfall pipe at Marine Drive where the creek discharges into Budd Inlet. The site at Marine Drive can only be monitored during low tide, otherwise the outfall pipe is submerged. Because of the influence of the marine water, no field measurements are taken at this location.

The creek consistently fails both parts of the fecal coliform bacteria standard. Fecal coliform bacteria concentrations are very high in this creek. Total phosphorus concentrations are elevated above levels measured in the majority of Thurston County streams. The presence of ammonia in the creek is an indication of sewage contamination.

Moxlie Creek has failed both parts of the fecal coliform standard every year sampled. The water quality standard for fecal coliform bacteria has two parts: Part 1 - the geometric mean shall not exceed 100 colony forming units per 100 milliliters of sample and, Part 2 - no more than ten percent of the samples shall exceed 200 cfu/100 mL

99 Moxlie Creek #0027

Major Issues:

. Stormwater discharges to the creek threaten the integrity of the natural creek channel in the upper watershed and degrade water quality throughout its length. . The lower portion of the creek is confined in a 72" culvert under the city, which provides little habitat value. . Illicit connections of sewer lines to the culverted portion of the creek are an on-going problem. . Stormwater runoff from highways and city streets impact water quality. . High fecal coliform concentrations are frequent. . High nitrate+nitrite and total phosphorus concentrations are above the regional reference condition for Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14.

Funding Sources:

. Local Stormwater Utility Rate

100 Water Quality Summary Conventional Parameters Moxlie Creek Water Year Data: Cumulative Data: WQ Standard 2011/12, 2012/13 & 2013/14 1993-2011 Parameter Units WAC 173-201A # samples Water Mean Range violating Mean Range Year standard Highest 7-DAD 11/12 Temperature º C Max of 17.5 º C 12/13 0 - 12.19 *** 13/14 11/12 Dissolved Lowest one-day mg/L 12/13 0 - 11.3 Oxygen minimum of 8.0 13/14 11/12 Conductivity μmhos/cm 12/13 0 - 2140 1297 13/14 11/12 pH 6.5 - 8.5 12/13 7.4* 0 - 7.4 13/14 not to exceed 5 11/12 Turbidity NTU NTU over 12/13 0 - 33 11.87 background 13/14 % exceeding GMV: <100 and 11/12 278.5 20 - 16150 200 colonies/ Fecal Coliform < 10% not to 12/13 415.0 75 - 8400 58% 419** 50 - 7400 100 ml exceed 200 13/14 77% 177. 2 20 - 690

33 % 11/12 0.08 0.063 - 0.127 Total Phosphorus mg/L 12/13 0.09 0.029 - 0.189 0.094 0.055 - 0.383 13/14 0.08 0.064 - 0.113 11/12 0.721 0.601 - 0.806 Nitrate + Nitrite- mg/L 12/13 0.682 0.471 - 0.797 0.676 0.275 - 0.856 nitrogen 13/14 0.703 0.614 - 0.782 ** Geometric mean value (GMV)

101 Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 1 - 201 2 Moxlie Creek @ Marine Dr. (outfall pipe)

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/19/2011 07:30:00 330 0.074 0.716

11/14/2011 14:40:00 205 0.063 0.675

12/20/2011 07:45:00 20 0.065 0.743

01/25/2012 13:45:00 250 0.065 0.601

02/15/2012 15:15:00 105 0.075 0.789

03/19/2012 10:30:00 155 0.070 0.671

04/17/2012 12:00:00 125 0.073 0.684

05/14/2012 10:10:00 175 0.099 0.806

06/14/2012 08:30:00 240 0.080 0.756

07/25/2012 16:30:00 220 0.081 0.754

08/15/2012 10:30:00 2120 0.127 0.761

09/12/2012 09:40:00 16150 0.090 0.693 FC results estimated.

102 Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 2- 201 3 Moxlie Creek @ Marine Dr. (outfall pipe)

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/16/2012 13:50:00 8400 0.189 0.471 FC results estimated. .

11/07/2012 07:40:00 2650 0.097 0.660 FC TNTC

11/15/2012 12:00:00 280 Collected after sewer leak was repaired by Olympia PW.

12/10/2012 08:40:00 420 0.067 0.630

01/15/2013 13:30:00 75 0.065 0.797

02/12/2013 12:45:00 340 0.077 0.535

03/05/2013 15:30:00 115 0.097 0.766

04/17/2013 15:35:00 145 0.029 0.731

05/14/2013 12:30:00 335 0.132 0.744

06/11/2013 12:00:00 260 0.101 0.764

07/18/2013 08:05:00 760 0.085 0.722

08/13/2013 08:15:00 350 0.082 0.681 FC's high for most samples on this date.

09/09/2013 15:10:00 420 0.054 0.681

103 Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 3- 201 4 Moxlie Creek @ Marine Dr. (outfall pipe)

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/22/2013 14:55:00 20 0.070 0.652

11/20/2013 13:45:00 160 0.064 0.655

12/09/2013 15:10:00 690 0.080 0.725 Chunks in the flow: sewage?

01/15/2014 12:00:00 158 0.066 0.672

02/12/2014 10:15:00 125 0.065 0.734

03/19/2014 14:45:00 200 0.088 0.614

04/16/2014 12:00:00 275 0.086 0.694

05/14/2014 11:10:00 100 0.113 0.782

06/11/2014 10:30:00 135 0.085 0.766

07/16/2014 15:15:00 145 0.077 0.736

08/12/2014 12:00:00 530 0.087 0.720

09/17/2014 08:00:00 385 0.078 0.684

104 Percival Creek #0029

PART OF BUDD INLET WATERSHED GENERAL TOPOGRAPHY: Percival Basin is located between Black Hills on LENGTH OF CREEK: Percival Creek 3.6 the west and Interstate-5 on the East. It flows miles and Black Lake ditch 2 miles north into Capitol Lake/Budd Inlet. The drainage area is moderately sloped. Two main BASIN SIZE: 5,300 Acres channels: Black Lake Ditch and Percival Creek generate low gradients in upper wetland creek STREAM ORDER: 2 segments and medium gradients within the deeply incised Percival Creek canyon. PRIMARY LAND USES: Numerous year round and seasonal tributaries, springs, and seeps enter the creek. Elevations Urban range from sea level to 500 feet. Suburban residential Commercial GENERAL WATER QUALITY: (Excellent, Good, Fair, Poor) FISHERIES RESOURCES: (From A Catalog of Washington Streams and Salmon Fair – Consistently meets Part 1 of the fecal Utilization, WDOF) coliform standard, and failed Part 2 of the standard in 2012/13. Elevated turbidity occurred Chinook, Coho, (probably Chum) in January and November of 2012, and November of 2011. There were three dissolved oxygen violations in each of water years 2012/13 and 2013/14 respectively.

105 Percival Creek #0029

The water quality standard for fecal coliform has two parts: Part 1 - the geometric mean shall not exceed 50 org/100mL and, Part 2 - no more than 10% of the samples shall exceed 100 org/100mL.

Throughout the period of record, there has been only one violation of Part 1 of the fecal coliform standard, in Water Year 1999/00. Part 2 of the standard was met in Water Years 2011/12 and 2013/14, but failed in 2012/13.

The water quality standard for dissolved oxygen is a lowest one-day minimum of 9.5 mg/L. Three of the 12 dissolved oxygen measurements taken in Water Years 2012/13 & 2013/14 fell below the standard during the summer months.

The standard for pH requires the pH to be within the range of 6.5 to 8.5. No violations have occurred since for the period of record.

106 Percival Creek #0029

OTHER DATA:

Thurston County Environmental Health Division, (360) 867-2626 or www.co.thurston.wa.us/health/ehswat/swater.html

City of Olympia, Stream Team, (360) 570-5841.

Thurston County Resource Stewardship Department, Water Resources Program, (360) 754-4681 or www.co.thurston.wa.us/monitoring

Discussion:

The temperature and dissolved oxygen water quality standards are intended to protect core summer salmonid habitat. The dissolved oxygen standard is a lowest one-day minimum of 9.5 mg/L. There were three dissolved oxygen violations in each of water years 2012/13 and 2013/14.

The temperature criteria is a 7-day average daily maximum of 16°C. The temperature data collected through this ambient monitoring program are instantaneous measurements. Because these are not continuous temperature recordings from which the 7-day average daily maximum can be calculated, the instantaneous data is used only as an indicator of possible temperature violations. Water temperatures above 16° C were measured May to September 2012 and 2013, and June to September 2014. The temperature violations indicate possible temperature standard violations during these periods.

Elevated turbidity occurred in January and November of 2012, and November of 2011. The water quality standard for turbidity is to not exceed 5 NTU over background. There was one violation of the turbidity standard in each of the three water years: 2011/12, 2012/13, and 2013/14.

While there is no water quality standard for nitrate in surface water, a US EPA study determined that the reference condition for nitrate+nitrite concentrations in streams and rivers of the Puget Sound Lowland ecoregion is 0.26 mg/L (EPA Publication 822-B-00-015). The mean annual concentration of nitrate+nitrite exceeded the regional reference condition of 0.26 mg/L during Water Year 2012/13, with a concentration of 0.271 mg/L.

The total phosphorus regional reference condition is 0.019 mg/L, according to the above-referenced EPA report. The Percival Creek Site mean annual total phosphorus concentrations for Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14 exceeded the regional reference condition of 0.019 mg/L, with concentrations of 0.035, 0.043, & 0.034 mg/L, respectively.

Major Issues:

. The basin is within the urban growth boundary and is rapidly developing. Increases in stormwater runoff could impact the stream through degraded water quality, stream bank erosion, hillslope failures, and channel scour. . Concerns have been raised regarding the effect of Black Lake water quality on Percival Creek and Percival Cove. . In 1996, a fish passage blockage at the Mottman Road crossing was corrected, and salmon have since been observed spawning in the creek above the road crossing. . Percival Creek was included in a total maximum daily load study (TMDL) begun in 2003 by the

107 Percival Creek #0029

Washington Department of Ecology to identify pollution sources and develop a plan to correct them. . Homeless encampments are often built within the riparian corridor. . Violated Part 2 of the Fecal Coliform Standard in Water Year 2012/13. . Elevated total phosphorus concentrations were above the regional reference condition in Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14. . Elevated nitrate+nitrite concentrations in Water Year 2012/13 above the regional reference condition.

Funding Sources:

. Local stormwater utility rates

108 Water Quality Summary Conventional Parameters Percival Creek at the Foot Bridge Water Year Data: Cumulative Data: WQ Standard 2011/12, 2012/13 & 2013/14 1993-2011 Parameter Units WAC 173-201A # samples Water Mean Range violating Mean Range Year standard 11/12 4 - 18.8 Highest 7-DAD Max Temperature º C 12/13 4.2 - 19.41 of 16 º C *** 4.03 - 19.77 13/14

3.51 - 20.82 11/12 9.58 - 13.96 0 of 11 Lowest one-day Dissolved Oxygen mg/L 12/13 8.72 - 14.6 minimum of 9.5 8.95 - 13.96 3 of 12 13/14

8.93 - 14.3 3 of 12 11/12 102 87 - 116 Conductivity μmhos/cm 12/13 106 89 - 130 98 56 – 154 13/14

106 93 - 123 11/12 7.5* 7 - 7.6 0 of 11 pH 6.5 - 8.5 12/13 7.2* 7 - 7.4 0 of 12 7.4* 5.01 - 8.2 13/14 7.15*

7 - 7.3 0 of 12 11/12 3.45 1.1 - 10.1 1 of 11 not to exceed 5 NTU Turbidity NTU 12/13 3.72 0 - 28.8 over background 3.76 1 - 13.1 1 of 12 13/14

3.48 1.3 - 9 1 of 12 % exceeding GMV: <50 and < 11/12 20** 5 - 60 200 colonies/ Fecal Coliform 10% not to exceed 12/13 0% 27** 5 – 350 100 ml 25** 5 - 235 100 13/14 42% 16** 5 - 230

8% 11/12 0.035 0.025 - 0.057 Total Phosphorus mg/L 12/13 0.043 0.029 - 0.081 0.034 0.013 - 0.114 13/14

0.034 0.023 - 0.052 11/12 0.189 0.129 - 0.288 Nitrate + Nitrite- mg/L 12/13 0.298 0.111 - 0.737 nitrogen 0.271 0.13 - 0.432 13/14

0.241 0.153 - 0.388 109 * Median ** Geometric mean value (GMV) Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 1 - 201 2 Percival Creek @ Foot Bridge below Evergreen Park Ct

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/17/2011 16:50:00 12.98 7.6 10.61 116 25 1.2 22.17 0.036 0.153 Q (discharge) uncertainty 2.3%.

11/16/2011 16:10:00 7.52 7.2 11.86 102 50 7.4 35.70 0.057 0.180 Q (discharge) uncertainty 2.6%. TSS duplicates labeled P. Gorge.

12/19/2011 15:45:00 5.87 7.3 13.40 108 0 3.2 34.94 0.033 0.208 Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.3%. FC reported as <5. Major channel shift towards left bank. Deeper channel. Cedar down.

01/24/2012 15:00:00 4.00 7.0 13.96 92 38 10.1 0.044 0.258 Duplicates labeled "Evergreen". Too fast for flow.

02/13/2012 16:40:00 6.72 7.3 13.75 95 0 4.7 67.34 0.025 0.233 FC reported as <5. Q (discharge) uncertainty 1.9%.

03/20/2012 16:30:00 6.99 7.4 12.92 87 8 1.7 125.38 0.026 0.288 Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.3%. Duplicates labeled "Footbridge".

04/16/2012 16:15:00 13.17 7.6 11.79 91 10 2.8 69.33 0.033 0.146 Q (discharge) uncertainty 2.9%.

05/15/2012 17:00:00 17.47 7.5 10.05 99 60 2.3 43.74 0.027 0.129 Q (discharge) uncertainty 1.9%.

06/12/2012 16:45:00 16.12 7.5 9.73 105 30 1.5 31.84 0.032 0.161 Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.3%.

07/17/2012 16:45:00 18.80 7.5 9.74 115 50 1.1 18.69 0.038 0.188 Q (discharge) uncertainty 2.4%.

08/13/2012 17:10:00 17.40 7.5 9.90 152 0.5 5.89 0.033 0.348 Holding time exceeded for FC. Q (discharge) uncertainty 4.4%.

09/10/2012 15:30:00 17.79 7.6 9.58 110 40 2.0 20.21 0.033 0.136 Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.4%.

110 Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 2- 201 3 Percival Creek @ Foot Bridge below Evergreen Park Ct

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/15/2012 16:00:00 13.01 7.4 10.48 130 125 2.3 12.81 0.047 0.432

11/05/2012 15:30:00 13.08 7.4 11.51 103 0 13.1 68.83 0.081 0.130 FC reported as <5.

12/12/2012 12:00:00 7.44 7.2 11.14 93 30 6.6 96.24 0.053 0.232 Small side channel on river. Grasses full of blue-green algae being filtered out of water.

01/14/2013 16:25:00 4.03 7.1 13.96 89 0 2.2 82.17 0.033 0.378 Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.6%. FC reported as <5.

02/11/2013 16:45:00 6.38 7.2 13.25 96 0 1.8 45.64 0.033 0.338 Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.0%. FC reported as <5. Duplicates labeled P. Bridge, water lost from nutrient duplicates bottle. 03/11/2013 15:45:00 8.39 7.2 11.20 93 0 2.6 60.06 0.039 0.300 Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.2%. FC reported as <5.

04/15/2013 15:40:00 11.32 7.2 11.42 91 20 2.8 65.01 0.029 0.183 Q (discharge) uncertainty 2.7%.

05/13/2013 16:45:00 17.29 7.4 9.92 106 235 3.4 26.97 0.034 0.187 Q (discharge) uncertainty 2.7%. FC's high at many locations during this sample run.

06/11/2013 16:15:00 16.93 7.4 9.58 108 195 1.8 22.31 0.030 0.173 Q (discharge) uncertainty 4.8%.

07/15/2013 16:00:00 18.78 7.3 9.26 127 0 1.0 12.51 0.033 0.284 Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.4%. FC reported as <5.

08/12/2013 16:30:00 19.77 7.1 9.07 122 105 4.3 11.71 0.036 0.318 Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.2%. Active homeless camp site sample location w/ dog.

09/10/2013 15:45:00 19.02 7.0 8.95 110 170 3.2 25.56 0.066 0.302 Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.3%.

111 Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 3- 201 4 Percival Creek @ Foot Bridge below Evergreen Park Ct

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/21/2013 16:00:00 11.62 7.2 10.75 110 5 1.3 31.88 0.039 0.234 Q (discharge) uncertainty 4%.

11/18/2013 16:00:00 9.53 7.0 11.90 100 5 9.0 52.89 0.052 0.167 Q (discharge) uncertainty 2.9%.

12/09/2013 15:45:00 3.51 7.1 14.30 107 8 6.2 35.88 0.043 0.153 Q (discharge) uncertainty 4.6%. Duplicates labeled P. @ Bridge @ 4:00.

01/13/2014 15:30:00 7.04 7.0 12.98 94 15 4.3 91.28 0.030 0.388 Q (discharge) uncertainty 5.3%.

02/10/2014 16:00:00 4.50 7.0 13.04 106 20 4.5 51.08 0.035 0.304 Q (discharge) uncertainty 4.4%.

03/25/2014 15:45:00 10.10 7.0 11.01 93 15 2.7 61.68 0.032 0.246 Q (discharge) uncertainty 7.2%.

04/14/2014 15:45:00 13.48 7.0 11.22 96 20 3.7 54.85 0.033 0.154 Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.5%.

05/12/2014 16:00:00 15.61 7.2 10.35 93 10 2.0 61.09 0.028 0.164 Q (discharge) uncertainty 8.9%.

06/09/2014 15:45:00 18.40 7.2 10.00 108 10 1.5 25.26 0.028 0.215 Q (discharge) uncertainty 4.0%.

07/14/2014 16:00:00 20.82 7.3 9.19 122 40 2.1 15.76 0.023 0.291 Q (discharge) uncertainty 2.6%.

08/13/2014 15:40:00 19.22 7.2 8.93 115 230 2.1 18.28 0.032 0.303 Q (discharge) uncertainty 6.2%.

09/15/2014 15:15:00 16.28 7.2 9.31 123 18 2.3 11.09 0.030 0.268 Q (discharge) uncertainty 7.3%. Duplicates labeled "Westside".

112 Reichel Creek #0046

PART OF BUDD INLET/DESCHUTES GENERAL WATER QUALITY: (Excellent, RIVER WATERSHED Good, Fair, Poor)

LENGTH OF RIVER: 4.5 miles Fair – Parts 1 and 2 of the Fecal Coliform Water Quality Standard were both met in the 2011/12, BASIN SIZE: est. 5150 acres 2012/13, & 2013/14 Water Years. There were numerous dissolved oxygen violations in Water STREAM ORDER: 2 Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14. Temperature criteria may be exceeded at times, PRIMARY LAND USES: especially during the summer months. Agriculture Commercial Forestry OTHER DATA: Forestry-Related Operations Thurston County Environmental Health Division, (360) 867-2626 or FISHERIES RESOURCES: (From A Catalog www.co.thurston.wa.us/health/ehswat/swater.html of Washington Steams and Salmon Utilization, WDOF) Thurston County Resource Stewardship Department, Water Resources Program (360) Coho, cut-throat trout 754-4681 or www.co.thurston.wa.us\monitoring

GENERAL TOPOGRAPHY: The creek’s origin is Reichel Lake; it flows through drained pasture land and wetland throughout much of its length. The valley, at approximately 500’ elevation, is bounded by very steep slopes up to 1600’ in elevation.

113 Reichel Creek #0046

The water quality standard for fecal coliform has two parts: Part 1 - the geometric mean shall not exceed 100 colonies/100mL and Part 2 - no more than 10% of the samples shall exceed 200 colonies/100 mL.

Parts 1 and 2 of the Fecal Coliform Water Quality Standard were both met in the 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14 Water Years.

The water quality standard for dissolved oxygen (DO) is a lowest one-day minimum of 9.5 mg/L. The DO has historically fallen below the standard several times. For Water Year 2011/12, the DO standard was violated five out of 11 times, nine out of 12 for 2012/13, & eight out of 12 times for Water Year 2013/14.

The water quality standard for pH requires the pH to be within the range of 6.5 to 8.5. Throughout the period of record there have been a few violations. The pH standard was met for all months during Water Year 2011/12 & 2012/13, but did not meet the standard in Water Year 2013/14 with violations two of the 12 months.

114 Reichel Creek #0046

Discussion:

Reichel Creek has a history of water quality problems. It was monitored as part of a watershed-wide water quality study in the early 1990s. Storm event monitoring showed that a major source of turbidity loading was from runoff from a log yard adjacent to the creek. Fecal coliform contamination was the result of poor agricultural practices. Since that time, the log yard has been abandoned. The Thurston Conservation District and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service worked with cooperative land owners to implement agricultural best management practices (BMPs) and restore the creek riparian area.

Because of the violations of the fecal coliform standards, Reichel Creek was placed on the Washington State Department of Ecology Section 303(d) list of impaired and threatened water bodies in 1998. And in 2003 Department of Ecology began a total maximum daily load study (TMDL) to identify the pollution sources for numerous water quality violations within the Deschutes watershed and to develop a plan to correct them.

The table below shows bacteria data from the TMDL study. The historic and the most recent fecal coliform data are summarized in the summary table at the end of this narrative. The fecal coliform standards were met in Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14. Overall fecal coliform contamination appears to have decreased since the 1994 sampling, but occasional high bacteria results have occurred in past years. Agriculture continues to be the primary activity in the valley.

A temperature criteria of a 7-day average daily (DAD) maximum of 16 °C and a dissolved oxygen criteria of the lowest one-day minimum of 9.5 mg/L is intended to protect core summer salmonid habitat. The temperature data collected through this ambient monitoring program are instantaneous measurements. Because there are not continuous temperature recordings from which the 7-day average daily maximum can be calculated, the instantaneous data can only be used as an indicator of possible temperature violations. Temperatures were above the above-referenced criteria in July & August during Water Years 2011/12 & 2013/14, and above the criteria in August for Water Year 2012/13.

Low dissolved oxygen concentrations are a concern in this creek, violating the standard in Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14, five of 11 times, nine out of 12 times, & eight out of 12 times, respectively.

While there is no water quality standard for nitrate in surface water, a US EPA study determined that the reference condition for nitrate+nitrite concentrations in streams and rivers of the Puget Sound Lowland ecoregion is 0.26 mg/L (EPA Publication 822-B-00-015). The average nitrate concentration for the Reichel Creek stations were above the regional reference condition of 0.26 mg/L for Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14 at 0.295, 0.351, & 0.575 mg/L, respectively.

The total phosphorus regional reference condition is 0.019 mg/L, according to the above-referenced EPA report. The Riechel Creek Site mean annual total phosphorus concentrations for Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14 exceeded the regional reference condition, with concentrations of 0.060, 0.067, & 0.055 mg/L, respectively.

115 Major Issues:

. Agricultural activities within the riparian area. . Degraded fish habitat. Riparian restoration may be needed to improve summer temperature and dissolved oxygen conditions. . pH violations recorded in Water Year 2013/14. . Low dissolved oxygen concentrations especially during the summer months may impact fish habitat. . Higher water temperatures during the summer months may impede fish habitat. . Nitrate and total phosphorus concentrations were both above their respective regional reference concentrations for Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14.

Funding Sources:

. County Stormwater utility

116 Water Quality Summary Conventional Parameters Reichel Creek Water Year Data: Cumulative Data: WQ Standard 2011/12, 2012/13 & 2013/14 1993-2011 Parameter Units WAC 173-201A # samples Water Mean Range violating Mean Range Year standard Highest 7-DAD 11/12 3.3 - 16.15 Temperature º C Max of 16.0 º C 12/13 0.51 - 16.52 1.43 - 19 *** 13/14 0.38 - 16.43 11/12 7.65 - 12.42 5 of 11 Dissolved Lowest one-day mg/L 12/13 4.97 - 12.24 9 of 12 6.7 - 14 Oxygen minimum of 9.5 13/14 6.53 - 12.78 8 of 12 11/12 105 72 - 146 109 Conductivity μmhos/cm 12/13 109 81 - 151 69 - 169 13/14 108 74 - 165 11/12 6.95* 6.7 - 7.1 0 of 11 5.79 - 7.6 pH 6.5 - 8.5 12/13 6.8* 6.5 - 7.1 0 of 12 7.2* 13/14 6.6* 6.3 - 6.9 3 of 12 not to exceed 5 11/12 6.26 2.8 - 10 0 of 11 Turbidity NTU NTU over 12/13 5.4 3.5 - 7.6 0 of 12 10.72 3.3 - 101 background 13/14 7.17 3.5 - 12.2 0 of 12

% exceeding GMV: <100 and 11/12 18 5 - 130 5 - 415 colonies/ 200 Fecal Coliform < 10% not to 12/13 32 5 - 260 38 100 ml 0% exceed 200 13/14 45 5 - 3400 8% 8% 11/12 0.06 0.04 - 0.079 Total Phosphorus mg/L 12/13 0.067 0.041 - 0.096 0.059 0.031 - 0.103 13/14 0.055 0.035 - 0.08 11/12 0.295 0.079 - 0.726 0.337 0.005 - 0.815 Nitrate + Nitrite- mg/L 12/13 0.351 0.072 - 0.844 nitrogen 13/14 0.575 0.01 - 1.47 *Median **Geometric Mean Value

117

COMMENTS Q (discharge) uncertainty 11%. Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.3%. Q (discharge) uncertainty 1.5%. Q (discharge) uncertainty 1.9%. Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.5%. Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.1%. FC reported as Q (discharge) uncertainty 1.9%. Q (discharge) uncertainty 2.3%. Q (discharge) uncertainty 1.7%. Duplicates Q (discharge) uncertainty 2.6% Holding time exceeded for FC. Q (discharge) Flow (estimate only) 0.67 cfs. Q (discharge)

Reichel Creek @ Vail Loop Rd Reichel Creek @ Vail Loop 0.079 0.299 0.352 0.726 0.400 0.359 0.241 0.212 0.350 0.137 0.068 0.086 NOx mg/L

0.054 0.066 0.040 0.042 0.050 0.041 0.075 0.079 0.070 0.070 0.068 0.069

TP mg/L

0.94 3.61 3.79 9.09 4.05 1.94 0.59 48.45 13.48 43.36 11.99 Flow cfs

118 3.9 8.5 4.7 9.9 7.6 6.2 5.4 5.5 4.4 2.8 2.8 Turb NTU 10.0

5 0 5 20 15 30 15 40 20 60 130 FC cfu/100mL

72 95 78 99 107 116 108 100 103 126 135 146 umhos/cm Cond @25c Cond @25c

9.99 9.70 9.50 9.02 7.95 8.04 8.43 7.41 7.65 DO 10.21 11.65 12.42 mg/L

7.1 6.7 6.8 6.7 6.7 7.1 7.0 6.8 7.0 7.0 6.9 7.0 pH

C 8.83 5.44 5.02 3.30 7.12 6.21 11.30 15.66 13.82 16.15 16.84 14.42 Temp

Time 13:10:00 12:10:00 12:30:00 10:15:00 13:00:00 13:15:00 12:45:00 13:10:00 12:30:00 12:30:00 13:00:00 12:30:00

Date 10/17/2011 11/15/2011 12/19/2011 01/24/2012 02/13/2012 03/20/2012 04/16/2012 05/15/2012 06/12/2012 07/17/2012 08/13/2012 09/10/2012

Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 2011-2012 <5. labeled "R. Vail LP" 5.2%. uncertainty 8.9%. uncertainty

COMMENTS FC results estimated: Q (discharge) uncertainty 2.2%. FC reported as <5. Q (discharge) 2.5%uncertainty Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.8%. Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.4%. Q (discharge) uncertainty 1.8%. Q (discharge) uncertainty 2.4%. Q (discharge) uncertainty 2.5%. Q (discharge) uncertainty 12.2%. Q (discharge) uncertainty 2.6%. Q (discharge) uncertainty 4.2%.

Reichel Creek @ Vail Loop Rd Reichel Creek @ Vail Loop 0.344 0.183 0.464 0.844 0.380 0.580 0.447 0.187 0.334 0.178 0.072 0.198 NOx mg/L

0.084 0.088 0.043 0.041 0.056 0.054 0.049 0.096 0.074 0.074 0.070 0.076

TP mg/L

1.41 5.89 3.80 2.89 1.02 0.89 4.58 24.73 18.34 10.19 12.40 25.21 Flow cfs

119 3.7 4.7 5.3 6.4 7.4 7.2 7.6 5.0 4.2 5.6 4.2 3.5 Turb NTU

5 0 5 40 15 15 45 50 95 260 145 145 FC cfu/100mL

83 86 91 88 81 151 112 117 109 128 137 119 umhos/cm Cond @25c Cond @25c

7.95 5.04 9.05 9.25 8.42 9.13 9.31 7.63 4.97 DO 12.24 10.86 11.98 mg/L

7.0 6.6 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.7 6.7 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.1 6.5 pH

C 6.27 0.51 5.02 6.40 8.18 12.48 12.64 15.03 13.12 14.48 16.52 15.40 Temp

Time 12:30:00 12:00:00 13:00:00 12:10:00 12:15:00 11:40:00 12:05:00 12:05:00 13:00:00 12:15:00 12:30:00 12:00:00

Date 10/15/2012 11/05/2012 12/11/2012 01/14/2013 02/11/2013 03/11/2013 04/15/2013 05/13/2013 06/11/2013 07/15/2013 08/12/2013 09/10/2013

Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 2012-2013

COMMENTS Q (discharge) uncertainty 1.6%. Q (discharge) uncertainty 2.3%. Q (discharge) uncertainty 2.3%. Too deep, turbid, and dangerous for measurement. Q (discharge) uncertainty 1.7%. Q (discharge) uncertainty 2.1%.FC reported as <5. Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.6%. Q (discharge) uncertainty 4.0% Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.4% Q (discharge) uncertainty 19.1%. Q (discharge) uncertainty 2.5%.Heavy rain for flows. Too low

Reichel Creek @ Vail Loop Rd Reichel Creek @ Vail Loop 0.324 0.935 0.802 1.470 0.842 0.453 0.443 0.351 0.247 0.173 0.853 0.010 NOx mg/L

0.046 0.062 0.035 0.047 0.040 0.041 0.065 0.064 0.064 0.055 0.080 0.063

TP mg/L

5.22 8.85 3.16 0.53 2.07 19.45 11.63 10.64 19.50 12.40 Flow cfs

120 3.5 5.5 6.4 5.1 5.8 6.6 3.7 5.8 8.5 Turb NTU 12.2 12.2 10.7

0 25 10 15 15 30 33 60 55 180 145 FC 3400 cfu/100mL

81 74 95 94 91 109 104 101 116 139 125 165 umhos/cm Cond @25c Cond @25c

8.98 9.41 9.84 7.99 9.82 8.99 8.44 8.65 6.53 8.25 DO 12.78 12.32 mg/L

6.7 6.3 6.5 6.4 6.8 6.4 6.5 6.7 6.8 6.9 6.6 6.6 pH

C 8.36 8.52 0.38 7.12 2.42 9.04 10.04 12.25 13.84 16.43 16.22 11.79 Temp

Time 12:15:00 12:00:00 12:00:00 11:20:00 11:45:00 11:45:00 12:15:00 12:30:00 11:30:00 11:30:00 12:00:00 12:15:00

Date 10/21/2013 11/18/2013 12/09/2013 01/13/2014 02/10/2014 03/25/2014 04/14/2014 05/12/2014 06/09/2014 07/14/2014 08/13/2014 09/15/2014

Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 2013-2014 Schneider Creek #0009 (Budd Inlet Watershed)

PART OF BUDD INLET WATERSHED The creek discharges to Budd Inlet via a culvert under West Bay Drive. LENGTH OF CREEK: Approximately 1.25 miles GENERAL WATER QUALITY: (Excellent, Good, Fair, Poor) BASIN SIZE: 662 Acres Good to Fair – Passed both Part 1 & 2 of the STREAM ORDER: 1 Fecal Coliform Standard for Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14. High mean PRIMARY LAND USES: annual nitrate and total phosphorus detections were above the regional reference standard Urban residential and Commercial established by the EPA. FISHERIES RESOURCES: OTHER DATA: City of Olympia, Stream Team, Salmon have been observed in lower segment (360) 753-8336. by City of Olympia staff. Thurston County Environmental Health GENERAL TOPOGRAPHY: Division, (360) 867-2626 or www.co.thurston.wa.us/health/ehswat/swater.html The upper watershed is relatively flat. The creek originates in a ditch in an urban residential neighborhood. The lower segment of the creek flows through a deep-cut ravine.

121 Schneider Creek #0009 (Budd Inlet Watershed)

The state water quality standard for fecal coliform bacteria has two parts: Part 1 - the geometric mean shall not exceed 100 colonies per 100 mL of sample and Part 2 - no more than 10% of the samples shall exceed 200 colonies per 100 mL.

*Only two data points/sampling events occurred during the 2013/14 Water Year, as such, data for the 2013/14 Water Year are not graphically depicted, but rather reflected in the summary tables at the end of this report.

Schneider Creek has met Part 1 and Part 2 of the fecal coliform standard for Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & *2013/14.

The water quality standard for dissolved oxygen is a lowest one-day minimum of 8.0 mg/L. There have been no violations of the dissolved oxygen standard for Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & *2013/14.

The water quality standard for pH requires the pH to be within the range of 6.5 to 8.5. The water quality standard for pH has not been violated over the 2011/12, 2012/13, & *2013/14 Water Years.

122 Schneider Creek #0009 (Budd Inlet Watershed)

Discussion:

Monitoring began on Schneider Creek in 1993 as part of the long-term ambient monitoring program. It was discontinued in 1998, but resumed in water year 2002/03, and again was discontinued in November 2013.

Schneider Creek at Budd Inlet met both Part 1 & 2 of the water quality standard for fecal coliform for Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14. Temperature, dissolved oxygen, & turbidity standards were all met for the aforementioned water years.

While there is no water quality standard for nitrate in surface water, a US EPA study determined that the reference condition for nitrate+nitrite concentrations in streams and rivers of the Puget Sound Lowland ecoregion is 0.26 mg/L (EPA Publication 822-B-00-015). The mean annual concentration of nitrate+nitrite exceeded the regional reference condition of 0.26 mg/L during Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14, with concentrations of 1.45, 1.41, & 1.31 mg/L, respectively.

The total phosphorus regional reference condition is 0.019 mg/L, according to the above-referenced EPA report. The Schneider Creek Budd Inlet Site mean annual total phosphorus concentrations for Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14 exceeded the regional reference condition of 0.019 mg/L, with concentrations of 0.029, 0.025, & 0.026 mg/L, respectively.

Major Issues:

. High volumes of stormwater discharging directly to the creek are causing bank failures, streambank erosion, flooding, stream channel scour, and water quality degradation. . City of Olympia constructed a stormwater treatment facility at the headwaters of the creek to improve the quality of urban stormwater discharging to the creek. . High nitrate+nitrite and total phosphorus levels indicate the likelihood of contamination of both shallow groundwater and/or surface runoff.

Funding Sources:

. Local Stormwater Utilities

123 Water Quality Summary Conventional Parameters Schneider Creek (in Budd Inlet Watershed) Water Year Data: Cumulative Data: WQ Standard 2011/12, 2012/13 & 2013/14 1993-2011 Parameter Units WAC 173-201A # samples Water Mean Range violating Mean Range Year standard 11/12 5.11 - 12 Highest 7-DAD Max Temperature º C 12/13 5.94 - 13.57 of 17.5 º C 8.2 - 11.69 13/14

8.71 - 10.57 11/12 10.71 - 13.72 0 of 12 Lowest one-day Dissolved Oxygen mg/L 12/13 10.11 - 13.2 minimum of 8.0 mg/L 10.56 - 14.24 0 of 12 13/14

11.32 - 11.94 0 of 2 11/12 148 84 - 163 Conductivity μmhos/cm 12/13 151 125 - 162 136 45 – 170 13/14

148 137 - 158 11/12 7.5* 6.9 -7.6 0 of 12 pH 6.5 - 8.5 12/13 7.4* 7.2 -7.6 0 of 12 7.2* 6.4 - 7.8 13/14 7.4*

7.4 - 7.4 0 of 2 11/12 1.44 0 - 15.2 1 of 12 not to exceed 5 NTU Turbidity NTU 12/13 4.17 0 – 146 over background 0.55 0 - 1.3 0 of 12 13/14

0.9 0.7 - 1.1 0 of 2 % exceeding 200 GMV: <100 and 11/12 15** 5 - 450 colonies/ 100 Fecal Coliform < 10% not to exceed 12/13 8% 31** 5 – 9000 ml 13** 5 - 65 200 13/14 0%

30** 30 - 30

0% 11/12 0.029 0.021 - 0.073 Total Phosphorus mg/L 12/13 0.025 0.018 - 0.032 0.03 0.011 - 0.21 13/14

0.026 0.024 - 0.027 11/12 1.448 1.07 - 1.63 Nitrate + Nitrite- mg/L 12/13 1.474 0.405 - 2.28 nitrogen 1.411 1.15 - 1.65 13/14

1.31 1.28 - 1.34 * Median ** Geometric mean value (GMV)

124 Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 1 - 201 2 Schneider Creek @ West Bay Dr

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/19/2011 14:30:00 10.66 7.5 11.07 161 5 0.4 1.93 0.027 1.460 Q (discharge) uncertainty 5.3%.

11/14/2011 12:15:00 9.41 7.3 11.20 160 70 0.0 1.36 0.026 1.340 Q (discharge) uncertainty 4.7%.

12/20/2011 09:30:00 8.61 7.5 11.94 157 0 0.0 2.31 0.023 1.440 FC reported as <5. Turb read -0.4.

01/25/2012 10:00:00 5.11 6.9 13.72 84 450 15.2 16.58 0.073 1.070 Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.4%.

02/15/2012 10:00:00 8.10 7.6 12.40 146 10 0.0 2.40 0.021 1.510

03/19/2012 11:45:00 8.08 7.6 12.35 126 5 0.2 4.37 0.021 1.340 Stream channel reconfigured again.

04/17/2012 13:00:00 9.96 7.6 12.24 147 0 0.0 3.54 0.022 1.360 FC reported as <5. Turbidity read -0.1.

05/14/2012 14:30:00 11.68 7.5 11.92 154 5 0.7 4.03 0.024 1.560 Duplicates labeled "Mila".

06/11/2012 13:15:00 11.34 7.6 11.34 158 85 0.6 3.25 0.025 1.630

07/25/2012 13:30:00 12.00 7.5 10.74 162 30 0.2 3.07 0.023 1.600

08/15/2012 15:30:00 11.97 7.4 10.71 163 22 0.0 2.42 0.032 1.570

09/12/2012 15:10:00 10.97 7.4 11.01 163 5 0.0 2.25 0.027 1.490 FC results estimated.

125 Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 2- 201 3 Schneider Creek @ West Bay Dr

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/16/2012 10:30:00 10.37 7.4 11.11 156 20 0.0 1.55 0.032 1.430 FC results estimated. .

11/06/2012 14:00:00 10.56 7.3 11.36 150 0 0.0 1.98 0.026 1.180 Turbudity read -0.2. FC reported as <5.

12/10/2012 11:10:00 9.06 7.2 11.65 125 10 0.3 3.24 0.026 1.260

01/15/2013 12:45:00 8.20 7.5 12.06 139 0 0.9 2.98 0.023 1.490 FC reported as <5.

02/12/2013 15:00:00 9.85 7.6 12.22 152 0 1.3 2.93 0.023 1.150 FC reported as <5.

03/05/2013 13:30:00 9.38 7.4 11.53 146 12 0.6 3.16 0.023 1.510 Duplicates labeled "West Bay".

04/17/2013 14:50:00 10.21 7.5 12.82 145 0 1.0 3.24 0.028 1.450 FC reported as <5.

05/14/2013 10:30:00 10.58 7.4 14.24 157 20 1.2 3.81 0.025 1.650

06/11/2013 15:15:00 11.23 7.5 10.85 155 65 1.1 2.72 0.025 1.590

07/17/2013 14:20:00 11.25 7.4 11.43 160 25 0.0 2.04 0.022 1.450 Turbidity read -0.2.

08/13/2013 12:30:00 11.69 7.3 11.22 162 25 0.2 1.77 0.025 1.340 FC's high for most samples on this date.

09/09/2013 17:15:00 11.51 7.3 10.56 159 40 0.0 1.72 0.018 1.430

126 Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 3- 201 4 Schneider Creek @ West Bay Dr

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/22/2013 12:00:00 10.57 7.4 11.32 158 30 0.7 1.60 0.027 1.280

11/20/2013 11:00:00 8.71 7.4 11.94 137 30 1.1 2.21 0.024 1.340

127 Spurgeon Creek #0037

PART OF BUDD INLET/DESCHUTES GENERAL WATER QUALITY: (Excellent, RIVER WATERSHED Good, Fair, Poor)

LENGTH OF CREEK: 5.8 miles Good to Fair – Met Part 1 of fecal coliform standard in 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14. Part BASIN SIZE: 7,050 Acres 2 failed in 2012/13. Mean phosphrous and nitrate-nitrite concentrations were above the STREAM ORDER: 2 regional reference condition for both constituents, with the exception of 2011/12, PRIMARY LAND USES: where nitrate+nitrite concentrations were below Rural residential, small commercial and non- the regional reference concentration. commercial agriculture, Fort Lewis Military Reservation OTHER DATA: Thurston County Environmental Health FISHERIES RESOURCES: (From A Catalog Division, Surface Water Section, of Washington Streams and Salmon Utilization, (360) 867-2626 WDOF) www.co.thurston.wa.us/health/ehswat/swater.html

Coho and Chinook Thurston County Resource Stewardship Department, Water Resources Program, GENERAL TOPOGRAPHY: (360) 754-4681 This is a low gradient stream with large areas of www.co.thurston.wa.us\monitoring associated wetlands. The elevations in the watershed are from 180 feet to approximately 360 feet. The creek is a tributary to the Deschutes River. 128 Spurgeon Creek #0037

The water quality standard for fecal coliform has two parts: Part 1 - the geometric mean shall not exceed 100 colonies/100mL and Part 2 - no more than 10% of the samples shall exceed 200 colonies/100 mL.

Part 1 of the fecal coliform water quality standard was met in Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14.

Spurgeon creek has failed Part 2 in Water Year 2012/13, but passed Part 2 in Water Years 2012/12 & 2013/14.

The water quality standard for dissolved oxygen (DO) is a lowest one-day minimum of 8.0 mg/L. The DO has not fallen below the standard to date.

The water quality standard for pH requires the pH to be within the range of 6.5 to 8.5. Throughout the period of record there have been no violations.

129 Spurgeon Creek #0037

Discussion:

Monitoring was conducted on Spurgeon Creek between water years 1991 and 1998. Monitoring of Spurgeon Creek was resumed as part of the Thurston County ambient monitoring program in 2005. The creek is also part of a water quality study being conducted by the Washington Department of Ecology.

While there is no water quality standard for nitrates in surface water, a US EPA study determined that the reference condition for nitrate+nitrite concentrations in streams and rivers of the Puget Sound Lowland ecoregion is 0.26 mg/L (US EPA Publication 822-B-00-015). The average nitrate concentration in Spurgeon Creek is 0.246, 0.286, & 0.032 for Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14. Water Years 2011/12 & 2012/13 exhibited nitrate+nitrite concentrations above the aforementioned reference condition of 0.26 mg/L.

The total phosphorus regional reference condition is 0.019 mg/L, according to the above-referenced EPA report. The average total phosphorus concentrations for Water Years 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14 were above the aforementioned reference condition of 0.019 mg/L, with concentrations of 0.028, 0.034, & 0.030 mg/L.

The temperature water quality standard of a 7-day average daily (DAD) maximum of 17.5° C is intended to protect salmonid spawning, rearing, and migration. The temperature data collected through this ambient monitoring program are instantaneous measurements. Because there are not continuous temperature recordings from which the 7-day average daily maximum can be calculated, the instantaneous data can only be used as an indicator of possible temperature violations. All measurements at this site were below the 17.5° C maximum in both water years indicating that the temperature standard was met, given the available data.

Thurston County intends to continue long-term ambient monitoring of this creek.

Major Issues:

. Nonpoint pollution from rural residential and agricultural activities. . Encroachment on wetlands and natural riparian areas for livestock grazing and other uses may impact water quality. . Spurgeon Creek was included in a total maximum daily load study of the Deschutes Watershed (TMDL) begun in 2003 by the Washington Department of Ecology to identify pollution sources and develop a plan to correct them. . High total phosphorus and nitrate+nitrite conditions were above their respective regional reference conditions, with the exception of Water Year 2013/14 which met the nitrate+nitrite regional reference condition.

130 Water Quality Summary Conventional Parameters Spurgeon Creek Mouth Water Year Data: Cumulative Data: WQ Standard 2011/12, 2012/13, & 2013/14 1993-2011 Parameter Units WAC 173-201A # samples Water Mean Range violating Mean Range Year standard 11/12 4.15 - 16.92 Highest 7-DAD Max of Temperature º C 12/13 3.01 - 17.87 1.33 - 18.67 17.5 º C 13/14 1.40 - 17.79 11/12 9.91 - 13.1 0 of 11 Lowest one-day Dissolved Oxygen mg/L 12/13 9.21 - 13.18 9.1 - 14.44 minimum of 8.0 mg/L 0 of 12 13/14 9.24 - 14.79 0 of 12 11/12 103 84 - 117 Conductivity μmhos/cm 12/13 108 90 - 123 57 – 131 101 13/14 109 96 - 118 11/12 6.8 - 7.5 0 of 11 7.3* pH 6.5 - 8.5 12/13 6.9 - 7.5 0 of 12 7.4* 6.36 - 7.9 7.2* 13/14 6.8 – 7.4 0 of 12 11/12 0.8 - 3.3 0 of 11 not to exceed 5 NTU 1.91 Turbidity NTU 12/13 2.2 - 7.4 0 of 12 2.88 0 - 43 over background 3.97 13/14 1.1 - 6.4 0 of 12 % exceeding 11/12 27** 5 - 200 200 colonies/ 100 GMV: <100 and < Fecal Coliform 12/13 60** 10 – 388 0% 38** 5 - 4300 ml 10% not to exceed 200 13/14 22** 5 - 420 17% 8% 11/12 0.028 0.018 - 0.035 Total Phosphorus mg/L 12/13 0.034 0.027 - 0.044 0.034 0.015 - 0.26 13/14 0.030 0.024 - 0.036 11/12 0.246 0.025 - 0.484 Nitrate + Nitrite- mg/L 12/13 0.286 0.005 - 0.545 0.259 0.005 - 0.704 nitrogen 13/14 0.032 0.040 – 0.594

* Median ** Geometric mean value (GMV)

131 Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 1 - 201 2 Spurgeon Creek Mouth

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/17/2011 14:15:00 8.97 7.5 11.78 114 50 1.8 8.31 0.024 0.214 Flow hand calculated.

11/15/2011 14:00:00 5.76 7.3 12.53 110 30 0.9 9.59 0.018 0.277 Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.5%.

12/19/2011 13:35:00 5.71 7.2 13.10 113 5 2.3 11.13 0.024 0.484 Q (discharge) uncertainty 8.6%.

01/24/2012 11:30:00 4.15 6.8 12.79 84 20 1.9 0.025 0.448

02/13/2012 14:00:00 8.00 7.1 12.20 99 10 2.3 27.64 0.029 0.414 Q (discharge) uncertainty 6.5%.

03/20/2012 14:30:00 7.02 7.2 12.21 91 10 1.1 0.031 0.359 No flows: creek 4 ft +/- deep.

04/16/2012 13:45:00 12.41 7.4 12.13 95 40 1.6 26.46 0.035 0.182 Q (discharge) uncertainty 4.5%.

05/15/2012 14:35:00 15.94 7.4 10.97 98 45 3.3 13.69 0.034 0.163 Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.8%.

06/12/2012 14:15:00 14.78 7.4 10.11 103 30 2.4 17.10 0.031 0.096 Q (discharge) uncertainty 2.9%.

07/17/2012 13:50:00 16.92 7.4 9.91 111 200 2.6 12.10 0.035 0.025 Q (discharge) uncertainty 4.4%.

08/13/2012 14:20:00 18.21 7.3 9.48 115 2.3 8.38 0.031 0.016 Holding time exceeded for FC. Major bridge construction upstream. Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.0%.

09/10/2012 13:45:00 14.74 7.5 9.97 117 30 0.8 8.02 0.025 0.039 Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.0%. Major bridge construction upstream.

132 Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 2- 201 3 Spurgeon Creek Mouth

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/15/2012 13:35:00 12.47 7.4 10.15 123 185 2.2 10.59 0.028 0.282

11/05/2012 13:10:00 12.31 7.4 11.16 111 45 3.4 13.50 0.038 0.277 FC results estimated.

12/11/2012 14:00:00 7.28 6.9 10.40 90 42 2.7 35.75 0.030 0.416 Flow is estimate: too deep to wade. Q (discharge) 10.7% uncertainty.

01/14/2013 13:40:00 3.01 7.0 13.18 99 15 6.7 0.042 0.545 Estimate of flow: 29.5 cfs.

02/11/2013 13:40:00 7.58 7.2 12.49 110 25 3.9 20.53 0.038 0.471 Q (discharge) uncertainty 2.1%.

03/11/2013 13:00:00 8.12 7.2 10.80 107 25 6.1 23.41 0.044 0.516 Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.8%.

04/15/2013 13:40:00 8.73 7.1 12.35 96 10 2.6 0.031 0.420 No flow: too high.

05/13/2013 14:00:00 14.50 7.4 10.66 110 388 7.4 16.65 0.036 0.277 Q (discharge) uncertainty 2.7%.

06/11/2013 14:00:00 14.35 7.5 10.18 109 125 3.1 12.39 0.027 0.126 Q (discharge) uncertainty 4.1%.

07/15/2013 13:45:00 17.33 7.4 9.79 114 383 2.2 8.88 0.028 0.027 Q (discharge) uncertainty 5.8%.

08/12/2013 13:50:00 17.87 7.4 9.47 116 60 5.1 7.33 0.034 < 0.005 Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.2%.

09/10/2013 13:00:00 16.03 7.0 9.21 116 55 2.2 10.47 0.036 0.066 Q (discharge) uncertainty 4.3%.

133 Thurston County Water Resources Monitoring Report 201 3- 201 4 Spurgeon at Rich

Date Time Temp pH DO Cond @25c FC Turb Flow TP NOx COMMENTS C mg/L umhos/cm cfu/100mL NTU cfs mg/L mg/L 10/21/2013 13:30:00 9.35 7.0 11.09 114 15 1.5 11.44 0.026 0.390 Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.1%.

11/18/2013 13:10:00 9.05 6.9 11.28 100 110 5.3 20.14 0.036 0.320 Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.7%.

12/09/2013 13:15:00 1.40 7.0 14.79 116 8 3.7 13.09 0.025 0.594 Q (discharge) uncertainty 4.1%.

01/13/2014 12:30:00 8.02 6.9 11.86 96 20 6.3 24.76 0.034 0.532 Q (discharge) uncertainty 2.8%.

02/10/2014 13:15:00 5.51 7.0 12.53 112 20 5.9 15.67 0.036 0.519 Q (discharge) uncertainty 2.5%.

03/25/2014 13:00:00 9.78 6.8 10.86 97 5 3.5 25.50 0.034 0.446 Q (discharge) uncertainty 2.7%.

04/14/2014 13:15:00 10.80 7.0 11.78 106 0 2.0 20.32 0.027 0.341 Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.3%. FC reported as <5.

05/12/2014 13:30:00 13.41 7.0 11.35 102 20 1.8 23.30 0.027 0.298 Q (discharge) uncertainty 6.4%.

06/09/2014 13:10:00 15.44 7.2 10.57 111 10 1.1 13.29 0.024 0.143 Q (discharge) uncertainty 2.2%. Duplicates labeled "Cider".

07/14/2014 12:50:00 17.79 7.4 10.33 116 40 2.8 9.31 0.029 0.062 Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.7%.

08/13/2014 13:30:00 16.63 7.1 9.24 116 420 4.0 10.84 0.029 0.040 Q (discharge) uncertainty 2.3%.

09/15/2014 13:15:00 13.00 7.1 10.18 118 35 6.4 9.02 0.033 0.129 Q (discharge) uncertainty 3.0%.

134