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100 Jahre Akademische Psychologie in Hamburg. Eine Festschrift 100 Jahre akademische Psychologie in Hamburg Eine Festschrift 100 Jahre akademische Psychologie in Hamburg Eine Festschrift Herausgegeben von Martin Spieß Hamburg University Press Verlag der Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky Impressum Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über https://portal.dnb.de/ abrufbar. Die Online‐Version dieser Publikation ist auf den Verlagswebseiten frei verfügbar (open access). Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek hat die Netzpublikation archiviert. Diese ist dauerhaft auf dem Archivserver der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek verfügbar. Open access über die folgenden Webseiten: Hamburg University Press – http://hup.sub.uni‐hamburg.de/purl/HamburgUP_Spiess_Psychologie_Festschrift URN urn:nbn:de:gbv:18‐3‐1411 Archivserver der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek – https://portal.dnb.de/ ISBN 978‐3‐943423‐07‐5 (Druckversion) © 2014 Hamburg University Press, Verlag der Staats‐ und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky, Deutschland Produktion der gedruckten Ausgabe: Elbe‐Werkstätten GmbH, Hamburg, Deutschland http://www.elbe‐werkstaetten.de/ Inhalt Grußwort des Präsidenten der Universität Hamburg ............................................... 7 Dieter Lenzen Grußwort der Dekanin der Fakultät für Erziehungswissenschaft, Psychologie und Bewegungswissenschaft (EPB) ........................................................ 9 Eva Arnold Einleitung ................................................................................................................................. 13 Martin Spieß Kapitel 1 Ernst Meumann als Wegbereiter der Pädagogischen Psychologie und Empirischen Pädagogik in Deutschland ....................................................................... 15 Paul Probst Kapitel 2 „Um den Bedürfnissen des praktischen Lebens entgegenzukommen“ – ein Einblick in Biografie und Werk William Sterns ................................................... 87 Paul Probst Kapitel 3 100 Jahre akademische Psychologie in Hamburg: Rückblicke und Ausblick ................................................................................................................................... 117 Kurt Pawlik Kapitel 4 Die etwa fünfzigjährige Geschichte der Klinischen Psychologie und Psychotherapie und der Psychologie in der Medizin an der Universität Hamburg ............................................................................................................................... 149 Bernhard Dahme 6Inhalt Kapitel 5 Erinnerungen an das Psychologische Institut in Hamburg während der 1960er-Jahre ......................................................................................................................... 159 Manfred Amelang Kapitel 6 Student der Psychologie in Hamburg zwischen 1965 und 1972 ......................... 167 Frank Rösler Kapitel 7 Akademische Psychologie in Hamburg: Status quo und Perspektiven ........... 173 Martin Spieß und Tania Lincoln Kapitel 8 Akademische Psychologie in Hamburg: Dokumentation zur institutionellen Entwicklung des Psychologischen Instituts und des Fachbereichs Psychologie von 1950 bis 2012 ........................................................................................ 181 Kurt Pawlik und Bernhard Dahme Die Beitragenden ................................................................................................................ 257 Grußwort des Präsidenten der Universität Hamburg Dieter Lenzen Die Psychologie gehört zu den Glanzlichtern der Universität Hamburg – gestern und heute. Die Hamburger Psychologie wiederum ist ein Bestand‐ teil der Entwicklung dieses Faches in Deutschland, die ohne den Beitrag aus der Universität Hamburg kaum vorstellbar wäre. Große Namen ver‐ binden sich mit ihr, die Psychologiegeschichte geschrieben haben: Ernst Meumann, dessen frühe Orientierung an der psychologischen und pädago‐ gischen Tatsachenforschung wegweisend für die empirische, nicht geistes‐ wissenschaftliche Ausrichtung der Psychologie wurde; William Stern, des‐ sen Name mit der Entwicklung des Testwesens identisch ist und der als Opfer gleichzeitig für die schändliche Geschichte des Umgangs mit jüdi‐ schen Gelehrten an der Universität zur Zeit des Nationalsozialismus steht; oder Kurt Pawlik, der der akademischen Psychologie an der Universität Hamburg seit den 1960er‐Jahren gemeinsam mit anderen zu einer Wieder‐ gewinnung ihres Ansehens verhalf. 100 Jahre Psychologie an der Universität Hamburg, das sind also 100 Jahre großer Namen, über die in diesem Band zu lesen ist, aber auch 100 Jahre einer exemplarischen Disziplingeschichte. In ihr bilden sich epochale Prozesse, Hoffnungen in das bessere Verstehen zunächst unserer Seele und heute eher unserer neuronalen Prozesse ebenso ab wie die Deviationen ei‐ ner Gesellschaft, denen auch mit Psychologie nicht beizukommen war. Wenn am Anfang dieses Faches in Hamburg das Bemühen stand, psychi‐ sche Vorgänge wie Erkrankungen, aber auch Verhaltensauffälligkeiten bes‐ ser zu verstehen, oder ganz einfach nur mithilfe psychologischer Erhe‐ bungsmethoden die geeignetesten Bewerber für das Amt des Lehrers auszuwählen – also durchaus die praktische Fragen des damaligen Alltags von Individuen und gesellschaftlichen Einrichtungen zu lösen –, so fokus‐ siert die Psychologie heute den Schnittbereich zu den anderen Lebenswis‐ senschaften, die hirnorganischen Vorgänge, deren Komplexität so hoch ist, 8Dieter Lenzen dass das Fach sich von der Lösung allfälliger Alltagsprobleme zunächst einmal entfernen muss. Das ist der Sinn von Grundlagenforschung. Dass darüber das Leiden von psychisch Erkrankten ebenso wenig vergessen werden darf wie die Bedürfnisse der Menschen, sich selbst und andere bes‐ ser zu verstehen, bleibt aber auch Aufgabe dieses Faches. Für die Entwicklung der Psychologie in Hamburg wird es also darauf ankommen, dass sie auf der einen Seite auf der internationalen Höhe ihrer Disziplin Gesprächs‐ und Kooperationspartner mit den großen Lokationen dieses Faches weltweit ist. Anders würde sie zur Bedeutungslosigkeit ver‐ kümmern. Gleichzeitig wird sie sich den Erwartungen der Bürgerinnen und Bürger nicht verschließen wollen, die sie finanzieren, Erwartungen, die letztlich auf die Hoffnung hinauslaufen, ein besseres Leben zu führen, frei‐ er von Ängsten und Zwängen. Eingedenk dieser beiden Grundaufgaben wird sich die Psychologie der Universität Hamburg weiter so entwickeln, wie sie es bereits in ihrer Ent‐ stehungsstunde versprach und auch hielt: als international bekannte und anerkannte Forschungsdisziplin und als Fach einer Ausbildung des psy‐ chologischen Nachwuchses auf höchstem Niveau. In der Lektüre des vor‐ liegenden Bandes wird sichtbar, dass die historischen Voraussetzungen da‐ für hervorragend sind. Dem Fach ist das Beste zu wünschen bei der Aufnahme und Fortführung dieser Tradition. Grußwort der Dekanin der Fakultät für Erziehungswissenschaft, Psychologie und Bewegungswissenschaft (EPB) Eva Arnold Als Dekanin der Fakultät, der der Fachbereich Psychologie seit dem Jahr 2005 angehört, freue ich mich, dem Fach zu seinem 100. Geburtstag zu gra‐ tulieren. Als promovierte Psychologin, die im Fachbereich Erziehungswissen‐ schaft tätig war, war ich sehr davon angetan, dass im Jahr 2004 die Psycho‐ logie bei den Verhandlungen um die Gründung der neuen Fakultät für Er‐ ziehungswissenschaft, Psychologie und Bewegungswissenschaft ins Spiel kam. Gemeinsam mit nicht wenigen anderen Psychologinnen und Psycho‐ logen gehörte ich zu dieser Zeit zum Fachbereich Erziehungswissenschaft und wir freuten uns auf engere Kontakte zu unserer „Heimatdisziplin“. Drei von vier Mitgliedern des Gründungsdekanats waren Psychologinnen/ Psychologen – allerdings nicht im Fachbereich Psychologie, sondern im Fachbereich Erziehungswissenschaft ansässig –, sodass als vierte Person ein „Delegierter“ des Fachbereichs Psychologie dazu kam. Zu den Begründungen des Zuschnittes der neuen Fakultät gehörte nicht zuletzt das Argument, dass Psychologie und Pädagogik in den Gründungs‐ jahren beider Fächer auch in Hamburg eng miteinander verbunden waren. Zu den prominenten Forschern, in deren Werken Psychologie und Pädago‐ gik (bzw. Erziehungswissenschaft) auf das Engste miteinander verwoben sind, gehören Ernst Meumann und William Stern. Ernst Meumann gilt als Begründer der empirischen Psychologie in Hamburg (Probst, 1989). Er wurde 1911 in das „Allgemeine Vorlesungswe‐ sen“ berufen, die Vorläufereinrichtung der 1919 gegründeten Universität. Seine Aktivitäten galten allerdings nicht allein der empirischen Psycholo‐ gie, sondern auch dem Hamburger Schulwesen. Probst schreibt: „Meu‐ 10 Eva Arnold mann verstand sich und wurde von seinen Zeitgenossen verstanden als Philosoph, Psychologe und Erziehungswissenschaftler in einer Person“ (1989, S. 6). Auch sein Nachfolger, William Stern, bearbeitete Fragestellungen, die der Philosophie, der Psychologie und der Erziehungswissenschaft zuzu‐ ordnen sind, da er von 1916 an bis zu seiner Vertreibung im Jahr 1933 als Ordinarius für diese drei Fachgebiete in Hamburg tätig war. Wie u. a. in ei‐ ner 2010 erschienenen Biografie nachzulesen ist (Tschechne, 2010), ist sein Werk nicht nur richtungsweisend für die akademische Psychologie in Hamburg, sondern auch für die Etablierung der Lehrerausbildung an der Universität gewesen. Die Namensgeberin unserer Fakultätsbibliothek, Mar‐ tha Muchow, war bis 1933 Mitarbeiterin von William Stern und im Über‐ schneidungsbereich
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