Reference Data Type in Java with Example
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Customizing and Extending Powerdesigner SAP Powerdesigner Documentation Collection Content
User Guide PUBLIC SAP PowerDesigner Document Version: 16.6.2 – 2017-01-05 Customizing and Extending PowerDesigner SAP PowerDesigner Documentation Collection Content 1 PowerDesigner Resource Files.................................................... 9 1.1 Opening Resource Files in the Editor.................................................10 1.2 Navigating and Searching in Resource Files............................................ 11 1.3 Editing Resource Files........................................................... 13 1.4 Saving Changes................................................................13 1.5 Sharing and Embedding Resource Files...............................................13 1.6 Creating and Copying Resource Files.................................................14 1.7 Specifying Directories to Search for Resource Files.......................................15 1.8 Comparing Resource Files........................................................ 15 1.9 Merging Resource Files.......................................................... 16 2 Extension Files................................................................18 2.1 Creating an Extension File.........................................................19 2.2 Attaching Extensions to a Model....................................................20 2.3 Exporting an Embedded Extension File for Sharing.......................................21 2.4 Extension File Properties......................................................... 21 2.5 Example: Adding a New Attribute from a Property -
A Hybrid Static Type Inference Framework with Neural
HiTyper: A Hybrid Static Type Inference Framework with Neural Prediction Yun Peng Zongjie Li Cuiyun Gao∗ The Chinese University of Hong Kong Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Hong Kong, China Shenzhen, China Shenzhen, China [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Bowei Gao David Lo Michael Lyu Harbin Institute of Technology Singapore Management University The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen, China Singapore Hong Kong, China [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT also supports type annotations in the Python Enhancement Pro- Type inference for dynamic programming languages is an impor- posals (PEP) [21, 22, 39, 43]. tant yet challenging task. By leveraging the natural language in- Type prediction is a popular task performed by most attempts. formation of existing human annotations, deep neural networks Traditional static type inference techniques [4, 9, 14, 17, 36] and outperform other traditional techniques and become the state-of- type inference tools such as Pytype [34], Pysonar2 [33], and Pyre the-art (SOTA) in this task. However, they are facing some new Infer [31] can predict sound results for the variables with enough challenges, such as fixed type set, type drift, type correctness, and static constraints, e.g., a = 1, but are unable to handle the vari- composite type prediction. ables with few static constraints, e.g. most function arguments. To mitigate the challenges, in this paper, we propose a hybrid On the other hand, dynamic type inference techniques [3, 37] and type inference framework named HiTyper, which integrates static type checkers simulate the workflow of functions and solve types inference into deep learning (DL) models for more accurate type according to input cases and typing rules. -
PL/SQL Data Types
PPLL//SSQQLL -- DDAATTAA TTYYPPEESS http://www.tutorialspoint.com/plsql/plsql_data_types.htm Copyright © tutorialspoint.com PL/SQL variables, constants and parameters must have a valid data type, which specifies a storage format, constraints, and valid range of values. This tutorial will take you through SCALAR and LOB data types available in PL/SQL and other two data types will be covered in other chapters. Category Description Scalar Single values with no internal components, such as a NUMBER, DATE, or BOOLEAN. Large Object LOB Pointers to large objects that are stored separately from other data items, such as text, graphic images, video clips, and sound waveforms. Composite Data items that have internal components that can be accessed individually. For example, collections and records. Reference Pointers to other data items. PL/SQL Scalar Data Types and Subtypes PL/SQL Scalar Data Types and Subtypes come under the following categories: Date Type Description Numeric Numeric values on which arithmetic operations are performed. Character Alphanumeric values that represent single characters or strings of characters. Boolean Logical values on which logical operations are performed. Datetime Dates and times. PL/SQL provides subtypes of data types. For example, the data type NUMBER has a subtype called INTEGER. You can use subtypes in your PL/SQL program to make the data types compatible with data types in other programs while embedding PL/SQL code in another program, such as a Java program. PL/SQL Numeric Data Types and Subtypes Following -
Lecture 2: Variables and Primitive Data Types
Lecture 2: Variables and Primitive Data Types MIT-AITI Kenya 2005 1 In this lecture, you will learn… • What a variable is – Types of variables – Naming of variables – Variable assignment • What a primitive data type is • Other data types (ex. String) MIT-Africa Internet Technology Initiative 2 ©2005 What is a Variable? • In basic algebra, variables are symbols that can represent values in formulas. • For example the variable x in the formula f(x)=x2+2 can represent any number value. • Similarly, variables in computer program are symbols for arbitrary data. MIT-Africa Internet Technology Initiative 3 ©2005 A Variable Analogy • Think of variables as an empty box that you can put values in. • We can label the box with a name like “Box X” and re-use it many times. • Can perform tasks on the box without caring about what’s inside: – “Move Box X to Shelf A” – “Put item Z in box” – “Open Box X” – “Remove contents from Box X” MIT-Africa Internet Technology Initiative 4 ©2005 Variables Types in Java • Variables in Java have a type. • The type defines what kinds of values a variable is allowed to store. • Think of a variable’s type as the size or shape of the empty box. • The variable x in f(x)=x2+2 is implicitly a number. • If x is a symbol representing the word “Fish”, the formula doesn’t make sense. MIT-Africa Internet Technology Initiative 5 ©2005 Java Types • Integer Types: – int: Most numbers you’ll deal with. – long: Big integers; science, finance, computing. – short: Small integers. -
ACDT: Architected Composite Data Types Trading-In Unfettered Data Access for Improved Execution
ACDT: Architected Composite Data Types Trading-in Unfettered Data Access for Improved Execution Andres Marquez∗, Joseph Manzano∗, Shuaiwen Leon Song∗, Benoˆıt Meistery Sunil Shresthaz, Thomas St. Johnz and Guang Gaoz ∗Pacific Northwest National Laboratory fandres.marquez,joseph.manzano,[email protected] yReservoir Labs [email protected] zUniversity of Delaware fshrestha,stjohn,[email protected] Abstract— reduction approaches associated with improved data locality, obtained through optimized data and computation distribution. With Exascale performance and its challenges in mind, one ubiquitous concern among architects is energy efficiency. In the SW-stack we foresee the runtime system to have a Petascale systems projected to Exascale systems are unsustainable particular important role to contribute to the solution of the at current power consumption rates. One major contributor power challenge. It is here where the massive concurrency is to system-wide power consumption is the number of memory managed and where judicious data layouts [11] and data move- operations leading to data movement and management techniques ments are orchestrated. With that in mind, we set to investigate applied by the runtime system. To address this problem, we on how to improve efficiency of a massively multithreaded present the concept of the Architected Composite Data Types adaptive runtime system in managing and moving data, and the (ACDT) framework. The framework is made aware of data trade-offs an improved data management efficiency requires. composites, assigning them a specific layout, transformations Specifically, in the context of run-time system (RTS), we and operators. Data manipulation overhead is amortized over a explore the power efficiency potential that data compression larger number of elements and program performance and power efficiency can be significantly improved. -
Source Code Auditing: Day 2
Source Code Auditing: Day 2 Penetration Testing & Vulnerability Analysis Brandon Edwards [email protected] Data Types Continued Data Type Signedness Remember, by default all data types are signed unless specifically declared otherwise But many functions which accept size arguments take unsigned values What is the difference of the types below? char y; unsigned char x; x = 255; y = -1; 3 Data Type Signedness These types are the same size (8-bits) char y; unsigned char x; 4 Data Type Signedness A large value in the unsigned type (highest bit set) is a negative value in the signed type char y; unsigned char x; 5 Data Type Bugs Same concept applies to 16 and 32 bit data types What are the implications of mixing signed & unsigned types ? #define MAXSOCKBUF 4096 int readNetworkData(int sock) { char buf[MAXSOCKBUF]; int length; read(sock, (char *)&length, 4); if (length < MAXSOCKBUF) { read(sock, buf, length); } } 6 Data Type Signedness The check is between two signed values… #define MAXSOCKBUF 4096 if (length < MAXSOCKBUF) So if length is negative (highest bit / signed bit set), it will evaluate as less than MAXSOCKBUF But the read() function takes only unsigned values for it’s size Remember, the highest bit (or signed bit is set), and the compiler implicitly converts the length to unsigned for read() 7 Data Type Signedness So what if length is -1 (or 0xFFFFFFFF in hex)? #define MAXSOCKBUF 4096 if (length < MAXSOCKBUF) { read(sock, buf, length); } When the length check is performed, it is asking if -1 is less than 4096 When the length is passed to read, it is converted to unsigned and becomes the unsigned equivalent of -1, which for 32bits is 4294967295 8 Data Type Bugs Variation in data type sizes can also introduce bugs Remember the primitive data type sizes? (x86): An integer type is 32bits A short type is 16bits A char type is 8 bits Sometimes code is written without considering differences between these. -
Evaluating Variability Modeling Techniques for Supporting Cyber-Physical System Product Line Engineering
This paper will be presented at System Analysis and Modeling (SAM) Conference 2016 (http://sdl-forum.org/Events/SAM2016/index.htm) Evaluating Variability Modeling Techniques for Supporting Cyber-Physical System Product Line Engineering Safdar Aqeel Safdar 1, Tao Yue1,2, Shaukat Ali1, Hong Lu1 1Simula Research Laboratory, Oslo, Norway 2 University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway {safdar, tao, shaukat, honglu}@simula.no Abstract. Modern society is increasingly dependent on Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) in diverse domains such as aerospace, energy and healthcare. Employing Product Line Engineering (PLE) in CPSs is cost-effective in terms of reducing production cost, and achieving high productivity of a CPS development process as well as higher quality of produced CPSs. To apply CPS PLE in practice, one needs to first select an appropriate variability modeling technique (VMT), with which variabilities of a CPS Product Line (PL) can be specified. In this paper, we proposed a set of basic and CPS-specific variation point (VP) types and modeling requirements for proposing CPS-specific VMTs. Based on the proposed set of VP types (basic and CPS-specific) and modeling requirements, we evaluated four VMTs: Feature Modeling, Cardinality Based Feature Modeling, Common Variability Language, and SimPL (a variability modeling technique dedicated to CPS PLE), with a real-world case study. Evaluation results show that none of the selected VMTs can capture all the basic and CPS-specific VP and meet all the modeling requirements. Therefore, there is a need to extend existing techniques or propose new ones to satisfy all the requirements. Keywords: Product Line Engineering, Variability Modeling, and Cyber- Physical Systems 1 Introduction Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) integrate computation and physical processes and their embedded computers and networks monitor and control physical processes by often relying on closed feedback loops [1, 2]. -
UML Profile for Communicating Systems a New UML Profile for the Specification and Description of Internet Communication and Signaling Protocols
UML Profile for Communicating Systems A New UML Profile for the Specification and Description of Internet Communication and Signaling Protocols Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultäten der Georg-August-Universität zu Göttingen vorgelegt von Constantin Werner aus Salzgitter-Bad Göttingen 2006 D7 Referent: Prof. Dr. Dieter Hogrefe Korreferent: Prof. Dr. Jens Grabowski Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 30.10.2006 ii Abstract This thesis presents a new Unified Modeling Language 2 (UML) profile for communicating systems. It is developed for the unambiguous, executable specification and description of communication and signaling protocols for the Internet. This profile allows to analyze, simulate and validate a communication protocol specification in the UML before its implementation. This profile is driven by the experience and intelligibility of the Specification and Description Language (SDL) for telecommunication protocol engineering. However, as shown in this thesis, SDL is not optimally suited for specifying communication protocols for the Internet due to their diverse nature. Therefore, this profile features new high-level language concepts rendering the specification and description of Internet protocols more intuitively while abstracting from concrete implementation issues. Due to its support of several concrete notations, this profile is designed to work with a number of UML compliant modeling tools. In contrast to other proposals, this profile binds the informal UML semantics with many semantic variation points by defining formal constraints for the profile definition and providing a mapping specification to SDL by the Object Constraint Language. In addition, the profile incorporates extension points to enable mappings to many formal description languages including SDL. To demonstrate the usability of the profile, a case study of a concrete Internet signaling protocol is presented. -
Technological Advancement in Object Oriented Programming Paradigm for Software Development
International Journal of Applied Engineering Research ISSN 0973-4562 Volume 14, Number 8 (2019) pp. 1835-1841 © Research India Publications. http://www.ripublication.com Technological Advancement in Object Oriented Programming Paradigm for Software Development Achi Ifeanyi Isaiah1, Agwu Chukwuemeka Odi2, Alo Uzoma Rita3, Anikwe Chioma Verginia4, Okemiri Henry Anaya5 1Department of Maths/Comp Sci/Stats/Info., Faculty of science, Alex Ekwueme University, Ndufu-Alike 2Department of Computer Science, Ebonyi State University-Abakaliki. 3Alex Ekwueme University, Ndufu-Alike, 4Department of Maths/Comp Sci/Stats/Info., Faculty of science, Alex Ekwueme University, Ndufu-Alike 5Department of Maths/Comp Sci/Stats/Info., Faculty of science, Alex Ekwueme University, Ndufu-Alike Abstract and personalization problems. Take for instance, a lot of sophisticated apps are being produced and release in the Object oriented programming paradigm in software market today through the application of OOP. Almost desktop development is one of the most popular methods in the apps are being converted to mobile apps through Java, C++, information technology industry and academia as well as in PHP & MySQL, R, Python etc platform which form the many other forms of engineering design. Software testimony of OOP in the software industries. Software development is a field of engineering that came into existence developer has been revolving using procedural language for owing to the various problems that developers of software the past decade before the advent of OOP. The relationships faced while developing software projects. This paper analyzes between them is that procedural languages focus on the some of the most important technological innovations in algorithm but OOP focuses on the object model itself, object oriented software engineering in recent times. -
Boolean Data Type & Expressions Outline Basic Data Types
Boolean Data Type & Expressions Outline Basic Data Types 1. Boolean Data Type & Expressions Outline Numeric 2. Basic Data Types – int 3. C Boolean Data Types: char or int/ – float Boolean Declaration Non-numeric 4. Boolean or Character? – char 5. Boolean Literal Constants #include <stdio.h> 6. Boolean Expressions/ int main () Boolean Operations ¡ /* main */ 7. Example: Boolean Literal Constants & Expressions float standard_deviation, relative_humidity; int count, number_of_silly_people; 8. Example: Boolean Variables char middle_initial, hometown[30]; ¢ 9. Relational Operations /* main */ 10. Example: Relational Expressions 11. Structure of Boolean Expressions 12. Precedence Order of Boolean Operations 13. Another Boolean Precedence Example 14. Example: Boolean Precedence Order 15. Example: More Relational Expressions 16. Example: More Relational Expressions (continued) 17. Short Circuiting 18. Exercise: Writing a Program 1 2 C Boolean Data Type: char or int Boolean or Character? The C data type typically used for storing Boolean values is char, Question: How does the C compiler know that a particular char although int will also work. declaration is a Boolean rather than a character? Like numeric data types, Booleans have particular ways of being Answer: It doesn’t. stored in memory and of being operated on. % cat shortcircuit.c #include <stdio.h> Conceptually, a Boolean value represents a single bit in memory, char int int main () although the and data types aren’t implemented this ¡ /* main */ way — if for no other reason than that computers can’t address a const int maximum_short_height_in_cm = 170; single bit, since the smallest collection of bits that they can address int my_height_in_cm = 160; char I_am_Henry = 1; is a byte (or, in a few cases, a word). -
Data Types and Variables
Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen Complete Reference / Visual Basic 2005: The Complete Reference / Petrusha / 226033-5 / Chapter 2 2 Data Types and Variables his chapter will begin by examining the intrinsic data types supported by Visual Basic and relating them to their corresponding types available in the .NET Framework’s Common TType System. It will then examine the ways in which variables are declared in Visual Basic and discuss variable scope, visibility, and lifetime. The chapter will conclude with a discussion of boxing and unboxing (that is, of converting between value types and reference types). Visual Basic Data Types At the center of any development or runtime environment, including Visual Basic and the .NET Common Language Runtime (CLR), is a type system. An individual type consists of the following two items: • A set of values. • A set of rules to convert every value not in the type into a value in the type. (For these rules, see Appendix F.) Of course, every value of another type cannot always be converted to a value of the type; one of the more common rules in this case is to throw an InvalidCastException, indicating that conversion is not possible. Scalar or primitive types are types that contain a single value. Visual Basic 2005 supports two basic kinds of scalar or primitive data types: structured data types and reference data types. All data types are inherited from either of two basic types in the .NET Framework Class Library. Reference types are derived from System.Object. Structured data types are derived from the System.ValueType class, which in turn is derived from the System.Object class. -
Xml Schema Boolean Data Type Example
Xml Schema Boolean Data Type Example Binomial and uncomposable Hussein often inveighs some masterdom alongside or apologizes flawlessly. Sandro is unwitting and congeed worst as ninety Lovell minimises greenly and candling avertedly. Postponed or palsy-walsy, Nahum never sectionalises any height-to-paper! Our solution can be used by sql anywhere enables complex xml data For example Integerlength2 allows 10 99 and 1 but not 100 9 or 10. Implemented across major programming languages and a school setting mode switches for a csv go by first search pattern on the button clicks, including different parts: xml schema boolean data type. Package API xmlschema 142 documentation. Int xmlhttpexamplecom sequence Virtual bool xmlhttpexamplecom virtual. Creating a fact data item in XNAT consists of creating the XSD that defines the data center itself. Wrapping character type. XSD Miscellaneous Data Types Tutorialspoint. XML Schema Instance namespace available. Field Constraints and Validation Nuxeo Documentation. Examples of the schema describing the binary data Overview. OpenClinica supports a subset of many Item Data Types defined in ODM. Use the same type to data type of text. AS CSV GO I consider XML as the best solution in terms of code and performance. Thank you guys so much! Datatype Examples Collection area HL7Wiki. Dependent child elements with xsdassert Oxygen XML Forum. With join syntax limit syntaxx views inserts boolean handling of NULLS. XML Schema Simple Elements. The correct performance: although it else you can be extremely important in schema in property with a namespace declaration will validate xml? Set to b are not validated during the value as the values, and removed the xml schema to be masked in xml schema? All data dictionary and examples and hard to use.