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Histoire Des Groupes Francs (MUR)

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Histoire Des Groupes Francs (MUR) HISTOIRE DES GROUPES FRANCS (M. U. R.) DES BOUCHES-DU-RHONE de septembre 1943 à la Libération UNIVERSITÉ DE CAEN FACULTÉ DES LETTRES ET SCIENCES HUMAINES HISTOIRE DES GROUPES FRANCS (M.U.R.) DES BOUCHES-DU-RHONE de septembre 1943 à la Libération THÈSE POUR LE DOCTORAT D'UNIVERSITÉ PRÉSENTÉE A LA FACULTÉ DES LETTRES ET SCIENCES HUMAINES DE L'UNIVERSITÉ DE CAEN par Madeleine BAUDOIN PRESSES UNIVERSITAIRES DE FRANCE 108, BOULEVARD SAINT-GERMAIN, PARIS 1962 AVANT-PROPOS Le 9 octobre 1944, le Bulletin officiel du Commissariat régional de la République à Marseille publiait l'arrêté suivant : « La date de la Libération pour les territoires relevant de la région de Marseille est fixée au 31 août 1944. » Quinze ans après nous avons essayé de faire revivre un épisode de la lutte pour cette Libération ; c'est l'histoire des Groupes Francs de Marseille et des Bouches-du-Rhône, de ces deux départements, comme on disait à l'époque où, dans le bouleversement général, la géographie elle-même était boule- versée. Marseille, « Marsouin », « Marchands », était le chef-lieu de la Région2, et ses environs, jusqu'aux limites du Gard, du Vaucluse, des Basses-Alpes et du Var, constituaient le département des Bouches-du-Rhône. Aix ne perdait pas pour autant ses droits de capitale, puisqu'elle fut le centre de la direction régionale des M.U.R. L'histoire ici proposée, je l'ai écrite avec la simplicité que conseillait déjà Amelot de La Houssaie : « ... J'ai usé par tout d'un langage familier & naturel, comme l'on fait dans les conversations, tenant pour maxime, que les Commentaires & les Mémoires ne veulent point de termes empoulés, ni magnifiques : mais au contraire demandent un discours exemt de fard & d'afectation. » (1). 2 éd.,(1) Préface.AMELOT DE LA HOUSSAIE, Tibère, Discours politiques sur Tacite, Paris, 1685, C'est l'histoire exaltante et douloureuse de ceux qui ne plièrent ni devant l'occupant, ni devant les pourvoyeurs des Sections spéciales, où l'accusé sans défense était condamné sans appel. C'est l'histoire de Lucien Vivaldi, fusillé par les miliciens de Darnand après l'inique arrêt de la Cour martiale. C'est l'histoire de Drouet, dont la vie fut marquée par cinq étapes : l'Assistance publique, l'usine, le combat, la fusillade, le coup de grâce. Cette fin, Drouet la pressentait. Lorsqu'on lui demandait si ça allait, il répondait invariablement : « Très bien, comme un quart d'heure avant la mort. » La mort, il la trouva, face à la Gestapo, sur cette terre des Alpes où Dumont et bien d'autres moururent les armes à la main. C'est l'histoire de Thibaut, que nous rencontrâmes pour la dernière fois à Marseille au printemps 1944. Thibaut, peu après avoir reçu le commandement F.F.I. de la Région2, tomba sous les balles d'un peloton allemand, et cela le 15 août. C'est l'histoire de Montausier, assassiné sous la torture par la Feldgendarmerie, la veille de la Victoire, couronnement tragique d'une vie mise tout entière au service de la liberté, puisqu'en Espagne déjà il voulut être l'un des premiers au « rendez-vous allemand ». Madeleine BAUDOIN, alias Marianne Bardini, G.F. de R2. INDEX DES PSEUDONYMES PSEUDONYMES QUALITÉ NOMS RÉELS Allaire Responsable du Bureau Sylvain CARDONE. d'Enquêtes régional des Groupes Francs. Archiduc Régional S.A.P. (Sec- Camille RAYON. tions d'Atterrissage et de Parachutage). Marianne Bardini . Membre des Groupes Madeleine BAUDOIN. Francs de Marseille. Bayard Chef régional des Grou- Jean GARCIN. pes Francs des M. U.R. (Région2), chef d'État- Major du chef régional F.F.I., Jacques RE- NARD, alias Thibaut, alias Turpin. Berthier Responsable de l'A.S. André AUNE. (Armée secrète) de Mar- seille. Bertin Chef régional de Com- Maurice CHEVANCE. bat. Premier chef ré- gional des M.U.R. (Région2). Bresse Chef régional de Com- Maurice CHEVANCE. bat. Premier chef ré- gional des M. U.R. (Région2). Callas Membre de l'État-Ma- Gaston BEAU. jor départemental F.T. P. F. de Marseille (Commissaire aux opé- rations régional). Casanova Membre des Groupes André DUMONT. Francs de Marseille. PSEUDONYMES QUALITÉ NOMS RÉELS Cayrol Commandant militaire Guy SERBAT. de la 3e Subdivision F. T. P. F. (interrégions de Limoges, Toulouse, Montpellier), puis ad- joint au Commissaire aux opérations de la zone Sud, puis chef de détachement F.T. P.F. à Marseille. Charlotte Agent de liaison des Éliane ELDIN. M. U.R. de Marseille. Circonférence Délégué militaire régio- Louis BURDET. nal de la Région2. Cloître Délégué militaire régio- Guillaume WIDMER. nal de la Région2, suc- cesseur de Circonfé- rence. Curé ResponsableS.A.P.(Sec- BORNIER. tions d'Atterrissage et de Parachutage) de la région située au sud de la Durance. Delage Chef de la S.I.P.O. et Ernst DUNKER. du S.D. de Marseille. Solange Delrieu .... Agent de liaison de Max Suzanne DUPRAT. JUVÉNAL, alias Maxen- ce, chef régional des M.U.R. Dorothée Responsable régional Bernadette RATIER. du Service social des M.U.R. Assistante so- ciale nationale de la zone Sud. Jacques Dorval .... Membre de l'État-Ma- Paul BOUY. jor interrégional F.T. P.F. (Marseille) (Com- missaire aux effectifs interrégional). Dumont Chef des Groupes Paul HÉRAUD. Francs des Hautes- Alpes ; chef des F.F.I. des Hautes-Alpes. PSEUDONYMES QUALITÉ NOMS RÉELS Duroc Adjoint de Ravanel, Raymond DELEULE. responsable national des Groupes Francs des M.U.R. Fouché Responsable national Marcel DEGLIAME. de l'Action Ouvrière et de l'Action Immé- diate (M. U.R.). Délé- gué général F.F.I. de la zone Sud. Gaillard Organisation universi- René MARIANI. taire des M.U.R. Gardel Membre du Directoire Frédéric FORTOUL. régional des M. U.R. (Région2). Gilles Responsable départe- Eugène TOURETTE. mental du S.R. (Ser- vice de Renseigne- ments) des M.U.R. de Marseille. Granville Membre de l'État-Ma- Louis BLÉSY. jor interrégional F.T. P.F. (Commissaire aux opérations interrégio- nal) (Marseille). Hache Instructeur militaire Roger OLIVE. parachuté. Hervé Membre des premiers Raymond VINCENT. Groupes Francs de Marseille. Huitton Représentant des F.T. Henry SIMON. P.F. à l'État-Major régional F.F.I. (Ré- gion2). Chef régional F.F.I. après la Libéra- tion. Imbert Secrétaire régional ad- Gérard HERMANN. joint des M.U.R. (Ré- gion2). Isly Responsable régional Henri GENNATAS. du R.O.P. (Recrute- tement, Organisation, Propagande). Jacques Membre de la M.O.I. Laurent KISKA. PSEUDONYMES QUALITÉ NOMS RÉELS Joinville Chef d'État-Major na- Alfred MALLERET. tional F.F.I. Le Loup Membre des Groupes Jacques LARCHÉ. Francs de Marseille. Levallois Premier chef régional Robert ROSSI. F.F.I. de la Région2. Lévis Chef des Groupes Francs Jean COMTE. de Marseille et des Bouches-du-Rhône. Lionel Chargé de l'organisa- Francis LEENHARDT. des C.D.L. pour la zone Sud. Président du C.D.L. des Bouches- du-Rhône p. i. Louis Adjoint de Jacques RE- Frédéric DURIAU. NARD, alias Turpin, chef régional F.F.I. (Région2). Marceau Responsable de l'A.S. André AUNE. (Armée secrète) de Marseille. Max Premier chef des Grou- Auguste DELABRE. pes Francs de Mar- seille. Maxence Chef régional des M. Max JUVÉNAL. U.R. (Région2), prési- dent du Comité de Li- bération des Bouches- du-Rhône. Montcalm Membre des Directoires Georges FLANDRE. départementaux des M. U.R. de Marseille et des Bouches-du-Rhô- ne. Morlot ............ Premier chef régional Charles GONARD. des Groupes Francs (Région2). Paule Agent de liaison de Georgette GUYOT. Jean GARCIN, alias Bayard, chef régional des Groupes Francs des M.U.R. (Région2). PSEUDONYMES QUALITÉ NOMS RÉELS Patricia Responsable régional Bernadette RATIER. du Service social des M.U.R. Assistante so- ciale nationale de la zone Sud. Perpendiculaire Chef régional de Jacques LÉCUYER. l'O.R.A. de la Ré- gion2. Représentant de l'O.R.A. à l'État- Major F.F.I. de la Région2. Pierre le Corse .... Membre des Groupes Xavier OLLANDINI. Francs de Marseille. Pioche Instructeur militaire René OBADIA. parachuté. Polygone Délégué militaire de zo- BOURGÈS-MAUNOURY. ne (zone Sud). Pons Responsable d'un grou- Jacques MÉKER. pe d'action autonome en liaison avec les M.U.R. Membre du réseau Action Buck- master « Jockey ». Com- mandant de détache- ment F. T.P.F. à la Libération. Pontcarral Responsable national DEJUSSIEU. de l'Armée secrète, puis chef de l'État-Major national des F.F.I. (Forces françaises de l' Intérieur). Raoul Membre du groupe de Eugène RITON. Jacques MÉKER. Ravanel Responsable national Serge ASHER. des Groupes Francs des M.U.R. Chef régional F.F.I. (Région4). René, ou Gros René Membre des Groupes Urbain CABRIDENS. Francs de Marseille. René Membre des Groupes Constant DROUET. Francs de Marseille. Richemont ......... Chef régional du R.O.P. Henri GENNATAS. (Recrutement, Orga- nisation, Propagande). PSEUDONYMES QUALITÉ NOMS RÉELS Rivière Organisation univer- Max LOUBAT. sitaire des M.U.R., membre des Groupes Francs de Marseille. Robin Membre des Groupes Edmond FABRE. Francs de Marseille. Roger Chef du réseau Action Francis CAMMAERTS. Buckmaster « Jockey » (Région1 et Région2). Rossel Responsable des C.F.L. Henry Pozzo DI BORGO. (Corps francs de la Li- bération ) de Marseille. Rudy Membre des Groupes André DUMONT. Francs de Marseille. Saint-Sauveur Commandant d'un ré- Colonel CONSTANS. giment de Tirailleurs, chef régional F.F.I. (Région2). Sampiero Membre des M.U.R. Antoine MARCANTETTI. en liaison avec les G.F. Sapin Chef régional de l'O.R. Jacques LÉCUYER. A. de la Région2. Re- présentant de l'O.R. A. à l'État-Major F.F.I. de la Région2. Simca Responsable de la S.A. Aimé PONTIER. P. (Sections d'Atterris- sage et de Parachutage) desBouches-du-Rhône.
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