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Updated Geographical Distribution of Species of the Genus Nemorhaedus Hamilton Smith, 1827

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Updated Geographical Distribution of Species of the Genus Nemorhaedus Hamilton Smith, 1827 6–71RYHPEHU 2019, Brno, Czech Republic Updated geographical distribution of species of the genus Nemorhaedus Hamilton Smith, 1827 Petr Hrabina Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology and Apiculture Mendel University in Brno Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno CZECH REPUBLIC [email protected] Abstract: The paper listed distribution data of all species of the genus Nemorhaedus, combining 257 field observations supplemented by information from the labels on the museum specimens. The localities data are defined by GPS coordinates and altitude. The species determination was carried out on the basis of the pelage colour characters, which allows work directly in the field. Key Words: Nemorhaedus, zoogeography, distribution, conservation INTRODUCTION The native distribution of gorals ranges from Himalayan foothills of northern Pakistan and India, further east across Nepal, Bhutan and Myanmar, northwestern Thailand, central and eastern China, the Korean Peninsula to coastal region of Russian Far East (Grubb 2005, Hrabina 2015). The delimitation of distribution range of individual goral species shows considerable variation depending on the taxonomic concept used by different authors (see e.g. Lydekker 1913, Adlerberg 1932, Groves and Grubb 2011, Hrabina 2015). This has led to inconsistencies both in the nomenclature and in the understanding of individual species' ranges. The knowledgeability of goral distribution differs from country to country. Extensive research has been devoted to goral populations in Pakistan, western India, Thailand, South Korea and Russia (Cavallini 1992, Chen et al. 1999, Lee and Rhim 2002, Voloshina and Myslenkov 2010, Abbas et al. 2012), whereas for Nepal, eastern India, Bhutan, Myanmar, south-east China and North Korea we have no data available. Even from this reason the species boundaries are poorly understood (Hrabina 2015). MATERIAL AND METHODS For all goral species were recorded localities of natural occurrence. The list was compiled from field data (photographic records), as well as specimen labels. Each individual record was subsequently identified to the species level. Determination of particular taxa presented herein was based on pelage colour characters defined by Hrabina (2015) what allows easy diagnostic clues for species identification of field records. I. Museum specimens The 111 specimens examined in this study are deposited in the following collections: American Museum of Natural History, New York (AMNH), Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, Philadelphia (ANSP), Natural History Museum, London (NHM), Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai (BNHS), California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco (CAS), Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago (FMNH), Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming (KIZ), Louis Agassiz Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge (Massachusetts) (MCZ), Muséum national d’histoire naturelle, Paris (MNHN), Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna (NMW), Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Xi’an (SIZ), Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C. (USNM), Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg (ZIN), Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin (ZMB), Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta (ZSI). Principally skins as well as the skulls associated with skins were added in the work. 259 6–71RYHPEHU 2019, Brno, Czech Republic II. Field records More than 257 photographed observations of animals are presented and localised by GPS coordinates. The locations were defined directly by the authors of the photographs. GPS coordinates were either recorded directly by a digital camera with a built-in GPS module, or were subsequently taken in the field by some other portable equipment or deducted from a satellite map. In the subsequent step the data on the altitude were deducted in the Google Earth application. List of abbreviations of the protected areas used in the text: HR – Hunting Reserve, NFP – National Forest Park, NNR – National Nature Reserve, NP – National Park, NR – Nature Reserve, TR – Tiger Reserve, WS – Wildlife Sanctuary. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Nemorhaedus goral (Hardwicke, 1825) Studied material: skins – Pakistan: Nowshera BNHS 18055, Kathai Nullah NHM 27.2.7.7.; India: Jagatsukh NHM 24.6.22., Chamba NHM 8.8.22.5., Chamba NHM 8.8.22.6., Shimla NMW-ST-884, Barasu ZSI 13114, Bagaili NHM 33.2.4.10., Bagaili NHM 33.2.4.11., Ratighat BNHS 18053, W. Garhwal BNHS 18054, west India MNHM 1939-243; Nepal: Apoon BNHS 18048, Kathmandu BNHS 18052, Ramchu BNHS 18051; Ramchu NHM 21.5.1.45., Himalaya NMW-ST-704, “Tonkin” MNHN- ZM-MO-2011-899; skulls – Pakistan: Kathai Nullah NHM 27.2.7.7. India: Manali FMNH 91233, Barasu ZSI 13115 Localities: Pakistan: Soha (34°08'N, 72°58'E) 930 m, Margalla Hills NP (33°44'N, 73°00'E) 930 m, Sharan (34°40'N, 73°25'E) 2280 m, Machiara NP (34°30'N, 73°36'E) 1947 m, Neelum Valley (34°41'N, 73°58'E) 1651 m India: Jammu and Kashmir – Lachipora WS (34°12'N, 74°04'E) 2225 m, Limber WS (34°12'N, 74°09'E) 2692 m, Vaishno Devi (33°01'N, 74°55'E) 1619 m, Trikuta (33°05'N, 75°03'E) 1938 m, Ramban (33°16'N, 75°10'E) 1132 m, Himachal Pradesh – Kalatop (32°33'N, 76°01'E) 2360 m, Trakar Khartap (32°47'N, 76°20'E) 2896 m, Rewalsar (31°38'N, 76°50'E) 1370 m, Kasauli (30°54'N, 76°57'E) 1860 m, Majathal WS (31°15'N, 77°00'E) 1863 m, Water Catchment WS (31°05'N, 77°12'E) 1860 m, Kumarsain (31°19'N, 77°26'E) 1300 m, Chippini (31°36'N, 77°27'E) 1898 m, Majhan (31°47'N, 77°25'E) 2117 m, Rolla (31°40'N, 77°29'E) 2080 m, Shakti (31°47'N, 77°29'E) 2320 m, Great Himalayan NP (31°40'N, 77°31'E) 3020 m, Shilt (31°42'N, 77°37'E) 3020 m, Nigani (31°32'N, 78°01'E) 1582 m, Sangla (31°26'N, 78°14'E) 2495 m, Uttarakhand – Rajaji NP (30°05'N, 78°01'E) 580 m, Nawgaon (30°57'N, 78°05'E) 1930 m, Landour (30°27'N, 78°06'E) 2165 m, Chandi Devi (29°56'N, 78°10'E) 2900 m, Rajaji NP (29°58'N, 78°14'E) 450 m, Rajaji NP (29°56'N, 78°16'E) 385 m, Bukandi (30°00'N, 78°19'E) 520 m, Osla (31°06'N, 78°20'E) 2580 m, Shivpuri (30°07'N, 78°23'E) 382 m, Dhunar Gaon (30°07'N, 78°23'E) 385 m, New Tehri (30°22'N, 78°25'E) 1860 m, Khera (29°56'N, 78°32'E) 853 m, Lansdwone (29°45'N, 78°32'E) 383 m, Simlya (30°03'N, 78°36'E) 480 m, Lata (30°46'N, 78°37'E) 1620 m, Gumkhal (29°55'N, 78°38'E) 1649 m, Jim Corbett NP (29°30'N, 78°45'E) 420 m, Jim Corbett NP (29°32'N, 78°57'E) 430 m, Sonprayag (30°37'N, 78°59'E) 2134 m, Kola Talla (29°41'N, 79°03'E) 1146 m, Marchula (29°36'N, 79°05'E) 587 m, Kaakda (30°29'N, 79°05'E) 979 m, Kath Ki Naav (29°34'N, 79°08'E) 1349 m, Garjiya (29°28'N, 79°09'E ) 451 m, Chamkot Dhar (29°35'N, 79°18'E) 1370 m, Ghatgarh (29°19'N, 79°22'E) 1017 m, Vinayak (29°27'N, 79°23'E) 2228 m, Pangoot (29°25'N, 79°26'E) 2220 m, Naini Tal (29°22'N, 79°27'E) 1914 m, Naurakh (30°28'N, 79°28'E) 1430 m, Sattal (29°21'N, 79°31'E ) 1310 m, Sattal (29°21'N, 79°32'E) 1400 m, Auli (30°29'N, 79°34'E) 1146 m, Jilling Estate (29°22'N, 79°36'E) 1923 m, Binsar WS (29°42'N, 79°43'E) 1400 m, Binsar WS (29°40'N, 79°43'E) 1950 m, Nandhaur WS (29°10'N, 79°53'E) 655 m, Liti (30°00'N, 80°01'E) 2060 m, Khalia Top (30°03'N, 80°11'E) 3650 m, Munsiyari (30°03'N, 80°15'E) 2131 m, Himkhola (30°00'N, 80°38'E) 2687 m, Haryana – Panchkula (30°42'N, 76°58'E) 740 m, Bhoj Plasra (30°41'N, 77°02'E) 736 m, Bhoj Balag (30°39'N, 77°05'E) 840 m Nepal: Rapla (29°55'N, 80°44'E) 2578 m, Khaptad NP (29°23'N, 81°08'E) 3067 m, Bardiya NP (28°36'N, 81°19'E) 350 m, Mahabharad range (28°49'N, 81°46'E) 1500 m, Bhoor (28°39'N, 82°05'E) 1471 m, Karkibada (29°31'N, 82°08'E), Jajarkot District (29°01'N, 82°20'E), Mugu Nadi (29°35'N, 82°27'E) 2500 m, Lower Dolpo (28°54'N, 83°01'E) 3036 m, Dhorpatan HR (28°36'N, 83°02'E) 3704 m, 260 6–71RYHPEHU 2019, Brno, Czech Republic Chhapahile (28°42'N, 83°37'E) 2610 m, Larjung (28°42'N, 83°37'E) 2612 m, Ghasa (28°36'N, 83°38'E) 2210 m, Ghorepani Poon Hill (28°23'N, 83°44'E) 2965 m, Chomrong (28°25'N, 83°48'E) 2130 m, Ghandruk (28°22'N, 83°48'E) 1998 m, Rangkhola (28°05'N, 83°50'E) 910 m, Khumai Danda (28°23'N, 83°56'E) 3245 m, Pokhari (27°43'N, 84°05'E) 897 m, Thonche (28°34'N, 84°25'E) 2686 m, Ghap (28°31'N, 84°50'E) 2191 m, Ripchet (28°28'N, 84°58'E) 2328 m, Landslide (28°09'N, 85°22'E) 1810 m, Shivapuri Nagarjun NP (27°49'N, 85°24'E) 2570 m, Remche (28°09'N, 85°25'E) 2450 m China: Tibet – Qomolangma NNR (28°17'N, 85°22'E) 1849 m Overall distribution: Pakistan (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Punjab, Islamabad and Azad Kashmir), India (Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand and northern Haryana), Nepal up to the Kathmandu Valley or along the Sun Kosi River and bordering areas of China.
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