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Forensic Medicine in the Nineteenth-Century Habsburg Monarchy
Forensic Medicine in the Nineteenth-Century Habsburg Monarchy Thomas N. Burg Donau - Universität Krems, Austria June 1996 Working Paper 96-2 © 1997 by the Center for Austrian Studies. Permission to reproduce must generally be obtained from the Center for Austrian Studies. Copying is permitted in accordance with the fair use guidelines of the US Copyright Act of 1976. The the Center for Austrian Studies permits the following additional educational uses without permission or payment of fees: academic libraries may place copies of the Center's Working Papers on reserve (in multiple photocopied or electronically retrievable form) for students enrolled in specific courses: teachers may reproduce or have reproduced multiple copies (in photocopied or electronic form) for students in their courses. Those wishing to reproduce Center for Austrian Studies Working Papers for any other purpose (general distribution, advertising or promotion, creating new collective works, resale, etc.) must obtain permission from the Center. As a cultural historian with a strong dedication to socioeconomic and sociological reasoning, I claim that social reality is constituted from a network of social and cultural determinations; this in turn implies that the formation and practice of forensic medicine is not intelligible through classical medical history, which is mainly concerned with the history of medicine's progress and success. The classic approach believes and claims the teleological power of science and humanity to achieve primacy and well-being while neglecting and sometimes even eradicating the struggles, drawbacks, exterminations, reductions, and discontinuities of its emergence in history. It emphasizes the power of internal and self-referential development and excludes the social and cultural conditions of its origins and its practice. -
Handbook of Forensic Medicine
Handbook of Forensic Medicine Handbook of Forensic Medicine Edited by Burkhard Madea Institute of Forensic Medicine University of Bonn Bonn, Germany This edition first published 2014 © 2014 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Wiley Blackwell is an imprint of John Wiley & Sons, formed by the merger of Wiley’s global Scientific, Technical and Medical business with Blackwell Publishing. Registered office: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK Editorial offices: The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774, USA For details of our global editorial offices, for customer services and for information about how to apply for permission to reuse the copyright material in this book please see our website at www.wiley.com/wiley-blackwell. The right of the authors to be identified as the authors of this work has been asserted in accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher. Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks. All brand names and product names used in this book are trade names, service marks, trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. The publisher is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. -
1History of Forensic Medicine
History of 1 Forensic Medicine Burkhard Madea for the guidance of judges in special cases, and thirdly profes- 1.1 Defi nitions sionalisation as its own discipline. Characteristic topics that are dealt with in forensic medicine According to Sydney Smith ( 1951 ) forensic medicine may be are summarised in Box 1.2 . Forensic medicine as we experience defi ned briefl y as consisting essentially of that body of medical it at the beginning of the 21st century has developed since the and paramedical scientifi c knowledge which may be used for 19th century and from much older roots. The famous criminal the purposes of administration of the law. Alfred Swaine Taylor code of Emperor Charles V, the Constitutio Criminalis Carolina , has defi ned medical jurisprudence as ‘that science, which promulgated in 1532, is often called a landmark of the fi rst teaches the application of every branch of medical knowledge importance in the history of legal medicine (Fig. 1.1 ). R. P. to the purpose of the law’. According to a German defi nition by Brittain ( 1965a ) wrote: Schmidtmann ( 1905 ), the last editor of the famous Handbook of Forensic Medicine by Johann Ludwig Casper ( 1857 ), forensic It has commonly been considered as the true start of legal medicine is a cross-sectional discipline of medicine and natural medicine, and hence Germany has been hailed as the sciences dealing with all medical evidence that is relevant for country which gave birth to the discipline. It has been law. It deals with medical evidence not only in practice but also said that it caused medical men to be called in legal in research; furthermore, all legal essentials in health care are matters for the fi rst time. -
Carl Von Rokitansky – Wikipedia
Carl von Rokitansky – Wikipedia http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Freiherr_von_Rokitansky aus Wikipedia, der freien Enzyklopädie (Weitergeleitet von Karl Freiherr von Rokitansky) Carl Freiherr von Rokitansky (Tschechisch: Karel Rokytanský) (* 19. Februar 1804 in Königgrätz, Böhmen; † 23. Juli 1878 in Wien) war Pathologe, Politiker und Philosoph. 1 Pathologe 2 Politiker 3 Philosoph 4 Würdigung 5 Einzelnachweise 6 Literatur 7 Weblinks Karl Freiherr von Rokitansky, Lithographie von Joseph Kriehuber, Rokitansky promovierte am 6. März 1828 an der Universität Wien im 1839 Fach Medizin. Er war von 1834 bis 1875 an dieser Universität Professor für pathologische Anatomie. Er erkannte bald, dass diese noch wenig beachtete Disziplin als Wissenschaft im Dienste der Klinik stehen müsse. Nur dann könne sie dem Arzt am Krankenbett neue Diagnose- und Therapiemöglichkeiten anbieten. Nach Gerard van Swieten, dem Begründer der Älteren oder Ersten Wiener Medizinischen Schule, löste Rokitansky damit eine wissenschaftliche „Revolution“ aus. Mit der Gründung der Jüngeren oder Zweiten Wiener Medizinischen Schule leitete der Pathologe gemeinsam mit dem Internisten Josef von Škoda und dem Dermatologen Ferdinand von Hebra einen Paradigmenwechsel ein, der die naturphilosophisch orientierte Medizin hin zur modernen, naturwissenschaftlich orientierten Medizin führte. Mit der Spezialisierung der Medizin, verbunden mit der Entwicklung neuer Disziplinen, erreichten „Wiener Mediziner“ Weltruf. Am Wiener Lehrstuhl folgte ihm Eduard von Hofmann. Eine von Rokitansky 1846 -
Handbook of Forensic Medicine
Handbook of Forensic Medicine Handbook of Forensic Medicine Edited by Burkhard Madea Institute of Forensic Medicine University of Bonn Bonn, Germany This edition first published 2014 © 2014 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Wiley Blackwell is an imprint of John Wiley & Sons, formed by the merger of Wiley’s global Scientific, Technical and Medical business with Blackwell Publishing. Registered office: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK Editorial offices: The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774, USA For details of our global editorial offices, for customer services and for information about how to apply for permission to reuse the copyright material in this book please see our website at www.wiley.com/wiley-blackwell. The right of the authors to be identified as the authors of this work has been asserted in accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher. Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks. All brand names and product names used in this book are trade names, service marks, trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. The publisher is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book.