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THE LOWER DECK Is the Official Newsletter of the WARSHIPS & “THE LOWER DECK” MARINE CORPS MUSEUM (International), G.P.O

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THE LOWER DECK Is the Official Newsletter of the WARSHIPS & “THE LOWER DECK” MARINE CORPS MUSEUM (International), G.P.O THE LOWER DECK is the official Newsletter of the WARSHIPS & “THE LOWER DECK” MARINE CORPS MUSEUM (International), G.P.O. Box 3949, Sydney, N.S.W. 2001 AUSTRALIA and is issued free every four newsletter of the months to members and friends of the Museum, Veterans Associations, WARSHIPS & MARINE CORPS MUSEUM libraries, and ships and shore establishments of the Royal Australian Navy. (International) All material in this Newsletter is COPYRIGHT and cannot be Number 20 May 1999 reproduced in any way without the written permission of the Museum and contributors. Newsletter Editor: Paul Morrison (after-hours phone) 02-47321423 Photograph Credits: The photographs on page 1 and 20 were taken by Museum photographer Brian Morrison. The Museum was established in 1963 and is a non-profit organisation manned by volunteers. If you would like to help in our on-going efforts to preserve Naval history we would be most happy to hear from you. Accounts of Naval service, photographs, and other items would be greatly appreciated and would find a welcome place in the Museum. All items would be treated with the utmost care and respect. COVER: British General Service Medal with Bar: YANGTZE 1949. The Medal was awarded to Ordinary Seaman G. H. Andrews R.N. who served in the destroyer HMS CONSORT at the time of the Incident. It is on display in the Museum’s medals cabinets along with other medals spanning more than 150 years of Naval history. In one of his letters to the Museum, ‘Andy’ Andrews recalled that, “Later in my Naval career after I had transferred to the Submarine Service, I had the good fortune to be drafted to HMS/M THOROUGH in the 4th SUBMARINE SQUADRON when she was based in Sydney at HMAS PENGUIN in 1953-55. I have many wonderful memories of my In this issue: time in Oz.” 50th ANNIVERSARY OF THE YANGTZE INCIDENT -2- -3- that were lost or requisitioned by the Navy are all listed along with war- MUSEUM NEWS time details. The three books were donated by Richard Daniels who also donated a HUDDART PARKER officer’s cap badge. Recent Acquisitions by the Museum Special Mention An item recently acquired is a 19th Century ROYAL NAVY RATINGS CUTLASS manufactured by E. Thurkle & Son, Soho, London. The Our friend in New Zealand, Bill Martin has kindly donated some more edged weapon is on display along with a photograph c.1900 of young items relating to his Naval service. Bill served in the Royal New Zealand British seamen practicing Cutlass Drill. The cutlass was a weapon used Navy in the post-war period including the Korean War. His story was for close fighting during the boarding of enemy ships and by Naval told in the May 1996 Newsletter (A Sea-Faring Tradition) which also Brigades ashore. They were widely used in the Navy throughout the 18th included his father’s sea-going service in World War 1. Bill has kindly and 19th centuries but became obsolete prior to World War 1. sent more photographs of his time in the Navy, cap tallies from several R.N.Z.N. ships as well as a 100 WON Note taken from a North Korean prisoner when he was serving in HMNZS TAUPO during the Korean The Museum Library War. Bill’s ‘Crossing the Line’ certificate is on display and this will now Some of the recent books acquired for the library are: be expanded to include some of the other items he has kindly sent. THE LIST OF THE OFFICERS OF HIS MAJESTY’S ROYAL Peter Flahavin is an Australian Historian who specializes in the MARINE FORCES ON FULL AND HALF PAY WITH INDEX 1830. GUADALCANAL and SOLOMON ISLANDS CAMPAIGN 1942-43. This book which was printed nearly 170 years ago is of historical Peter has visited Guadalcanal on several occasions, photographing the interest in that it has distant links with the European settlement of old battlefields and retracing the war. On a recent visit to Guadalcanal in Australia in 1788. Included in THE LIST are three officers who served January of this year, we asked if Peter could help the Museum. We have with the British Marines in the First Fleet. These are William Dawes a number of original items on display relating to the Guadalcanal who was Engineering Officer, Headquarters Staff, New South Wales Campaign but there was one small item of historic interest that would Marine Corps Detachment 1788, James Meredith, Company add greatly to the display. The small item we were after was a piece of Commander, and Watkin Tench, Company Commander. In June 1789, barbed wire from Edson’s (Bloody) Ridge. The Ridge commanded the Lieutenant Tench led a small party of Marines and convicts, discovering U.S. Marines defence perimeter and was the scene of one of the the rich farming and grazing lands of the Nepean River, near present-day bloodiest battles fought on Guadalcanal. This battle, a major turning Penrith where the Museum office is located. point in the Campaign was fought in September 1942 when the Japanese tried to storm the Ridge and capture the nearby airfield. THE ADELAIDE STEAMSHIP CO. LIMITED 1875-1925, HUDDART PARKER LIMITED 1876-1926 (both books were issued for the 50th With the approval of the Government authorities, Peter was able to Anniversaries), and HUDDART PARKER LIMITED 1939-45. The retrieve two 270mm (10.5 inch) strands of barbed wire from the Marines books give the histories of the two Australian shipping companies as outer defence perimeter. The barbed wire from Edson’s (Bloody) Ridge well as their involvement in World War 1 and World War 2. The ships will soon be on display along with a photograph of the barbed wire and -4- -5- and its position on the Ridge, and a map of the Ridge showing the defence lines as they looked in September 1942. THE YANGTZE INCIDENT, 1949 What’s Happening in Australian Waters The Royal Australian Navy’s newest minehunter, NORMAN was In April 1949, the Chinese Civil War fought between the Nationalist recently launched at ADI Limited, Carrington (Newcastle). The week forces of Chiang Kai-shek and the Communist forces of Mao Tse-tung prior to the launching, Museum members travelled to Newcastle to was drawing to an end. The Nationalists were in retreat and in this photograph the ship (see page 20). This is one of several visits we have atmosphere of confusion and uncertainty, a Royal Navy frigate, HMS made to the shipyard, taking photographs of the various stages of the AMETHYST1 was despatched up the Yangtze River to the British construction work on the minehunters. NORMAN is the third of six Embassy at Nanking to protect British citizens and other nationalities. HUON Class minehunters being built for the Navy. She was to relieve another Royal Navy ship, the destroyer HMS CONSORT. A Royal Australian Navy frigate HMAS SHOALHAVEN Funny Naval Signals was originally intended to be sent as a relief but at the last moment was replaced by the AMETHYST. The frigate HMS LONDONDERRY was ‘shadowing’ a Soviet warship th in the Atlantic during the Cold War – On 19 April, HMS AMETHYST departed Shanghai for her voyage up Russian Warship: the Yangtze to Nanking. Lieutenant Weston, the ship’s First Lieutenant YOU ARE LAGGING BEHIND. RECOMMEND YOU CONNECT A (Executive Officer) in a later report wrote, “Large painted Union flags WASHING MACHINE TO THE SHAFT OF YOUR SHIP. had been made and placed ready for display; ammunition had been got HMS LONDONDERRY: up; and it was decided to close up at action stations before proceeding through areas where the Naval Attache, Nanking, had signalled the I AM ONLY RUNNING ON WASHING MACHINES AT THIS Communists were concentrated.” To add to these precautions and to help SPEED. MY MAIN ENGINES ARE STILL IN RESERVE. identify her as a neutral warship, a Union flag was painted on her hull and the Union flag as well as the white ensign flew at the jack staff. In 1985, the Museum was assisted by Commander John Kerans, -7- DSO., RN (Rtd) who temporarily commanded in 1949 the frigate HMS At this time, the destroyer HMS CONSORT2 too was preparing to leave AMETHYST. Commander Kerans kindly helped us with a project we Nanking for the coast. Ordinary Seaman Terry Hodgins, just a month were working on concerning the Royal Navy in the post-World War 2 period. In 1997, the Museum was fortunate to obtain a Medal with Bar: 1. HMS AMETHYST (F116) was a modified BLACK SWAN Class sloop later modified YANGTZE 1949 and it was decided to prepare a project on the Yangtze after World War 2 to an anti-aircraft frigate. She was built by Stephen & Sons Ltd, Glasgow and commissioned into the Navy in 1943. Technical details are – Displacement: 1,450 tons, Incident in which HMS AMETHYST was involved. The project now Length: 299.5 feet (91 metres), Main Armament: 6 x 4-inch (102mm) guns, 8 x 2-pounder includes two large volumes of photographs, first-hand accounts, original pompoms, Speed: 19 knots, Complement: 192. World War 2 Service: In 1943, AMETHYST items etc. which have been kindly sent to us by the members of the carried out escort work in the Mediterranean. In 1944, she was on anti-U Boat patrol in the Atlantic and in January 1945, as part of ESCORT GROUP 22, she helped sink U-482. Later -6- that year and serving in the Pacific, she was present at the surrender of Japanese forces at Rabaul, New Britain. AMETHYST was broken up in 1957. FOUR SHIPS ASSOCIATION who were involved in the Incident.
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