Sustainability Report 2007 Message from the Chief Executive Officer
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Climate and Energy Benchmark in Oil and Gas Insights Report
Climate and Energy Benchmark in Oil and Gas Insights Report Partners XxxxContents Introduction 3 Five key findings 5 Key finding 1: Staying within 1.5°C means companies must 6 keep oil and gas in the ground Key finding 2: Smoke and mirrors: companies are deflecting 8 attention from their inaction and ineffective climate strategies Key finding 3: Greatest contributors to climate change show 11 limited recognition of emissions responsibility through targets and planning Key finding 4: Empty promises: companies’ capital 12 expenditure in low-carbon technologies not nearly enough Key finding 5:National oil companies: big emissions, 16 little transparency, virtually no accountability Ranking 19 Module Summaries 25 Module 1: Targets 25 Module 2: Material Investment 28 Module 3: Intangible Investment 31 Module 4: Sold Products 32 Module 5: Management 34 Module 6: Supplier Engagement 37 Module 7: Client Engagement 39 Module 8: Policy Engagement 41 Module 9: Business Model 43 CLIMATE AND ENERGY BENCHMARK IN OIL AND GAS - INSIGHTS REPORT 2 Introduction Our world needs a major decarbonisation and energy transformation to WBA’s Climate and Energy Benchmark measures and ranks the world’s prevent the climate crisis we’re facing and meet the Paris Agreement goal 100 most influential oil and gas companies on their low-carbon transition. of limiting global warming to 1.5°C. Without urgent climate action, we will The Oil and Gas Benchmark is the first comprehensive assessment experience more extreme weather events, rising sea levels and immense of companies in the oil and gas sector using the International Energy negative impacts on ecosystems. -
World Oil Review 2018
volume 1 World Oil Review 2018 World Oil Review 2018 Contents Introduction List of Countries VI Notes and Methods VIII Oil - Supply and Demand Oil - Production Quality Reserves 2 World 46 Areas and Aggregates 2 Crude Production by Quality 46 The World Top 10 Reserves Holders 3 Crude Production by Gravity 46 Countries 4 Crude Production by Sulphur Content 46 Cluster of Companies 6 Quality and Production Volume of Main Crudes 47 Crude Production by Quality - Charts 48 Production 7 Areas and Aggregates 7 Europe 49 The World Top 10 Producers 8 Crude Production by Quality 49 Countries 9 Quality and Production Volume of Main Crudes 49 Cluster of Companies 11 Crude Production by Quality - Charts 50 The World Top 10 Natural Gas Liquids Producers 12 Countries 51 Reserves/Production Ratio 13 Russia and Central Asia 52 Areas and Aggregates 13 Crude Production by Quality 52 The World Top 10 Producers Ranked by Quality and Production Volume of Main Crudes 52 Reserves/Production Ratio 14 Crude Production by Quality - Charts 53 Countries 15 Countries 54 Consumption 18 Middle East 55 Areas and Aggregates 18 Crude Production by Quality 55 The World Top 10 Consumers 19 Quality and Production Volume of Main Crudes 55 Countries 20 Crude Production by Quality - Charts 56 Countries 57 Per Capita Consumption 23 Areas and Aggregates 23 Africa 58 The World Top 10 Consumers Ranked by Crude Production by Quality 58 Per Capita Consumption Ratio 24 Quality and Production Volume of Main Crudes 58 Countries 25 Crude Production by Quality - Charts 59 Countries 60 Production/Consumption -
THE SNAM SHAREHOLDER the GUIDE to GETTING INVOLVED in YOUR INVESTMENT 2 Snam | L'azionista Di Snam | Testatina
Snam | L'azionista di Snam | Testatina 1 April 2018 THE SNAM SHAREHOLDER THE GUIDE TO GETTING INVOLVED IN YOUR INVESTMENT 2 Snam | L'azionista di Snam | Testatina Dear shareholders, the purpose of this Guide is to provide annually both current and potential owners of Snam shares with a summary of relevant information. Starting from 2010, it is part of a series of tools to enhance our communication with retail investors. We believe that the trust you have showed us Snam must be cultivated through an increasingly Company profile 3 effective dialogue. The first part Snam overview 4 of the Guide outlines the Group’s Snam: an integrated player in the gas system 5 structure, its business and strategic Management team 6 guidelines. The Guide also presents Governance in action 7 some key features about Snam Regulation in Italy 8 shares and practical information Regulation in Europe 9 so that you can really get involved Inclusion in SRI indices 10 in your role as a shareholder. Snam strategy 11 We hope that these pages will be Snam in Europe 13 easy and interesting to read, Corporate structure 14 as well as helpful. By nature, this Guide is not an exhaustive Snam on the Stock Exchange Remuneration through dividends 16 product. In order to obtain Stock Market performance 17 more complete information Shareholders 19 we invite you to visit our corporate The bond market 20 website at www.snam.it or, Income Statement figures 21 for specific requests, to contact Balance Sheet figures 22 the Investor Relations department. Cash flow 23 Get involved in your Snam investment The steps to investing 25 Attend the Shareholders’ Meeting 26 Keep yourself informed and participate in corporate events 27 Snam | The Snam Shareholder | Company profile 3 Company profile Snam is Europe’s leading gas utility. -
Special Energy Issue on Kazakhstan |April 2018
Special Energy Issue on Kazakhstan |April 2018 CONTENTS GENERAL ........................................................................................................................... 1 OIL & GAS PRODUCTION .................................................................................................. 3 OIL & GAS EXPORT & TRANSPORTATION ......................................................................... 3 OIL & GAS INFRASTRUCTURE ........................................................................................... 5 PROCESSING & REFINERY ................................................................................................. 6 RENEWABLE ENERGY ........................................................................................................ 6 INDUSTRY EVENTS IN 2018 .............................................................................................. 7 CONTACTS ........................................................................................................................ 7 The Economic Section of the Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in Kazakhstan intends to distribute this newsletter as widely as possible among Dutch institutions, companies and persons from the Netherlands. The newsletter summarises economic news from various Kazakhstani and foreign publications and aims to provide accurate information. However, the Embassy cannot be held responsible for any mistakes or omissions in the bulletin. SPECIAL ENERGY ISSUE, April 2018 Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands GENERAL -
Press Release
Registered Head Office, Piazzale Enrico Mattei, 1 00144 Roma Tel. +39 06598.21 www.eni.com Rome February 19, 2021 Eni: full year 2020 and fourth quarter results Key operating and financial results IIIQ IVQ Full Year 2020 2020 2019 % Ch. 2020 2019 % Ch. 43.00 Brent dated $/bbl 44.23 63.25 (30) 41.67 64.30 (35) 1.169 Average EUR/USD exchange rate 1.193 1.107 8 1.142 1.119 2 36.78 Brent dated €/bbl 37.08 57.13 (35) 36.49 57.44 (36) 95 PSV €/kcm 156 158 (1) 112 171 (35) 0.7 Standard Eni Refining Margin (SERM) $/bbl 0.2 4.2 (95) 1.7 4.3 (60) 1,701 Hydrocarbon production kboe/d 1,713 1,921 (11) 1,733 1,871 (7) 537 Adjusted operating profit (loss) ⁽ᵃ⁾⁽ᵇ⁾ € million 488 1,805 (73) 1,898 8,597 (78) 515 E&P 802 2,051 (61) 1,547 8,640 (82) 64 Global Gas & LNG Portfolio (GGP) (101) (46) (120) 326 193 69 21 R&M and Chemicals (104) (161) 35 6 21 (71) 57 Eni gas e luce, Power & Renewables 132 156 (15) 465 370 26 (153) Adjusted net profit (loss) ⁽ᵃ⁾⁽ᶜ⁾⁽ᵈ⁾ 66 546 (88) (742) 2,876 (126) (0.04) per share - diluted (€) 0.02 0.15 (0.21) 0.80 (503) Net profit (loss) ⁽ᶜ⁾⁽ᵈ⁾ (725) (1,891) (8,563) 148 (0.14) per share - diluted (€) (0.20) (0.53) (2.39) 0.04 1,774 Net cash before changes in working capital at replacement cost ⁽ᵉ⁾ 1,582 2,412 (34) 6,726 11,700 (43) 1,456 Net cash from operations 988 3,725 (73) 4,822 12,392 (61) 902 Net capital expenditure ⁽ᶠ⁾⁽ᵍ⁾ 1,206 2,154 (44) 4,970 7,734 (36) 14,525 Net borrowings before lease liabilities ex IFRS 16 11,568 11,477 1 11,568 11,477 1 19,853 Net borrowings after lease liabilities ex IFRS 16 16,586 17,125 (3) 16,586 17,125 (3) 36,533 Shareholders' equity including non-controlling interest 37,556 47,900 (22) 37,556 47,900 (22) 0.40 Leverage before lease liabilities ex IFRS 16 0.31 0.24 0.31 0.24 0.54 Leverage after lease liabilities ex IFRS 16 0.44 0.36 0.44 0.36 (a) Non-GAAP measure. -
Shell and Eni Lead Race to Net Zero
Shell and Eni lead European oil majors’ race to net zero emissions • New research from the influential Transition Pathway Initiative assesses the recent climate change announcements from six European oil & gas majors • Shell and Eni now have the most ambitious emissions-reduction plans • But claims to be aligned with ‘net-zero’ or 1.5°C are overstated, according to TPI’s analysis (12 May 2020, London) The climate ambitions of European integrated oil and gas majors have strengthened markedly in the last six months, with Total, Shell, BP, Repsol and Eni all having made commitments to significantly reduce the carbon intensity of the energy they supply. New analysis from the Transition Pathway Initiative (TPI) – an investor initiative backed by over $19 trillion of global capital - shows that four oil and gas majors - Shell, Eni, Total, Repsol - are now aligned with the emissions reductions pledged by the signatories to the Paris Agreement. BP and OMV are now the only European companies who fail to align with the Paris pledges. However, despite these commitments, none of the companies are aligned yet with ‘net zero’ or 1.5°C pathways. TPI calculates that the average European oil and gas company would need to cut its emissions intensity by over 70% between 2018 and 2050 to align with a 2°C climate scenario by 2050, while a genuine net zero strategy would require a 100% cut in absolute emissions. Even the most ambitious new targets fall far short of this. Adam Matthews, Co-Chair of TPI, and Director of Ethics and Engagement for the Church of England Pensions Board, said: “The European integrated oil and gas sector is changing rapidly. -
Kazakhstan Oil and Gas Tax Guide 2021 Contents
Kazakhstan oil and gas tax guide 2021 Contents Introduction 1 Background on the oil and gas industry in Kazakhstan 2 Taxation of subsurface users in Kazakhstan 5 Transfer pricing 16 Introduction This guide is intended to provide a general overview of taxation in the oil and gas sector in Kazakhstan. As this guide provides a high-level summary of the taxation regime effective on the date of preparation of this guide, it is not a substitute for comprehensive professional advice, which should be sought before engaging in any transaction. It should also be noted that in this guide we do not deal with all of the taxes of Kazakhstan. Here we cover only the most significant ones applicable to companies operating in the oil and gas sector, so advice should be taken as to the actual taxes applicable to a particular company. Kazakhstan oil and gas tax guide. 2021 | 1 Background on the oil and gas industry in Kazakhstan According to the latest GDP forecast by the Ministry of National Economy of The oil and gas industry of Kazakhstan, growth in 2021 will be 2.8%. Kazakhstan’s economic growth is largely Kazakhstan plays an important driven by oil and gas revenues (35% of GDP and 75% of exports). role in the economic development of the republic. It is one of the Since declaring independence, Kazakhstan has passed a series of reforms to main drivers of gross domestic liberalize its economy and attract foreign investment. However, sanctions imposed product (GDP) growth and an on Russia and negative growth prospects have more recently deterred foreigners important source of national from investing in the region. -
Country Analysis Brief: Kazakhstan
Country Analysis Brief: Kazakhstan Last Updated: May 10, 2017 Overview Kazakhstan, an oil producer since 1911, has the second-largest oil reserves and the second-largest oil production among the former Soviet republics after Russia. Kazakhstan is a major oil producer. The country’s estimated total petroleum and other liquids production was 1.698 million barrels per day (b/d) in 2016. The key to its continued growth in liquids production from this level is the development of its giant Tengiz, Karachaganak, and Kashagan fields. Development of additional export capacity will also be necessary for production growth. Although Kazakhstan became an oil producer in 1911, its production did not increase to a meaningful level until the 1960s and 1970s, when production plateaued at nearly 500,000 b/d, a pre-Soviet independence record production level. Since the mid-1990s, and with the help of major international oil companies, Kazakhstan's production first exceeded 1 million b/d in 2003. Oil field development in Kazakhstan reached two milestones in 2016. In October 2016, the giant Kashagan field resumed production after years of delays. Kashagan is expected to produce 370,000 b/d of liquids at full capacity. Additionally, in July 2016, The Tengizchevroil consortium decided to proceed with expansion plans that should increase liquids production at the Tengiz project by about 260,000 b/d beginning in 2022. Kazakhstan is landlocked and is far from international oil markets. The lack of access to the open ocean makes the country dependent mainly on pipelines to transport its hydrocarbons to world markets. Kazakhstan is also a transit country for oil and natural gas pipeline exports to China. -
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-4^ 28. Geographical Distribution of Exports of Energy Products to the Baltics, and Other States of the Former Soviet Union, 1998-2002 100 29. Geographical Distribution of Exports, 1998-2002 101 30. Geographical Distribution of Imports, 1998-2002 102 31. Breakdown of Foreign Direct Investment by Country of Origin, 1998-2002 103 33. Breakdown of Foreign Direct Investment by Industry, 1998-2002 104 34. Stock of External Debt, 1998-2002 105 Attachment International Agreements Related to Trade and Investment 54 - 5 - I. THE PETROLEUM SECTOR—AN OVERVIEW OF DEVELOPMENTS, ISSUES AND PROSPECTS1 A. Introduction 1. Kazakhstan's petroleum sector continues to develop rapidly and highly favorable prospects for the medium-to-long-term are becoming more concrete. Large and rising investment, almost entirely from abroad, continue to flow to the still relatively young sector. In addition to the rapid development of existing onshore petroleum fields, development of potentially much larger reserves in the offshore Caspian region is about to begin. Proven and probable crude oil reserves are now estimated to approach the 30 billion barrel mark. The petroleum sector accounts for almost one quarter of GDP and about one-half of export earnings. Importantly, Kazakhstan secured in 2002 several strategic agreements with Russia—on the delimitation of the Caspian Sea bed and improved access to oil and gas pipelines to western markets—which further significantly secure the medium-term outlook. 2. Over the long term (15-20 years), Kazakhstan can reasonably expect crude production to approximately triple to around 3 million barrels a day (bpd), of which at least one third would come from the Caspian Sea. -
Saudi Aramco: National Flagship with Global Responsibilities
THE JAMES A. BAKER III INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC POLICY RICE UNIVERSITY SAUDI ARAMCO: NATIONAL FLAGSHIP WITH GLOBAL RESPONSIBILITIES BY AMY MYERS JAFFE JAMES A. BAKER III INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC POLICY JAREER ELASS JAMES A. BAKER III INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC POLICY PREPARED IN CONJUNCTION WITH AN ENERGY STUDY SPONSORED BY THE JAMES A. BAKER III INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC POLICY AND JAPAN PETROLEUM ENERGY CENTER RICE UNIVERSITY – MARCH 2007 THIS PAPER WAS WRITTEN BY A RESEARCHER (OR RESEARCHERS) WHO PARTICIPATED IN THE JOINT BAKER INSTITUTE/JAPAN PETROLEUM ENERGY CENTER POLICY REPORT, THE CHANGING ROLE OF NATIONAL OIL COMPANIES IN INTERNATIONAL ENERGY MARKETS. WHEREVER FEASIBLE, THIS PAPER HAS BEEN REVIEWED BY OUTSIDE EXPERTS BEFORE RELEASE. HOWEVER, THE RESEARCH AND THE VIEWS EXPRESSED WITHIN ARE THOSE OF THE INDIVIDUAL RESEARCHER(S) AND DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT THE VIEWS OF THE JAMES A. BAKER III INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC POLICY NOR THOSE OF THE JAPAN PETROLEUM ENERGY CENTER. © 2007 BY THE JAMES A. BAKER III INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC POLICY OF RICE UNIVERSITY THIS MATERIAL MAY BE QUOTED OR REPRODUCED WITHOUT PRIOR PERMISSION, PROVIDED APPROPRIATE CREDIT IS GIVEN TO THE AUTHOR AND THE JAMES A. BAKER III INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC POLICY ABOUT THE POLICY REPORT THE CHANGING ROLE OF NATIONAL OIL COMPANIES IN INTERNATIONAL ENERGY MARKETS Of world proven oil reserves of 1,148 billion barrels, approximately 77% of these resources are under the control of national oil companies (NOCs) with no equity participation by foreign, international oil companies. The Western international oil companies now control less than 10% of the world’s oil and gas resource base. -
FRN -V- Royal Dutch Shell PLC and Others Judgment
Neutral Citation Number: [2020] EWHC 1315 (Comm) Case No: CL –2018-000787 IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUSTICE BUSINESS AND PROPERTY COURTS OF ENGLAND AND WALES QUEEN'S BENCH DIVISION COMMERCIAL COURT Royal Courts of Justice, Rolls Building Fetter Lane, London, EC4A 1NL Date: 22/05/2020 Before : Mr Justice Butcher - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Between : THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA Claimant - and - (1) ROYAL DUTCH SHELL PLC (2) SHELL EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION AFRICA LTD (3) SHELL NIGERIA EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION COMPANY LIMITED (4) SHELL PETROLEUM DEVELOPMENT COMPANY OF NIGERIA LIMITED (5) SHELL NIGERIA ULTRA DEEP LIMITED (6) SHELL PETROLEUM N.V. (7) SHELL INTERNATIONAL EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION B.V. (8) ENI S.p.A. (9) NIGERIAN AGIP EXPLORATION LIMITED (10) NIGERIAN AGIP OIL COMPANY (11) AGIP ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES (NIGERIA) LIMITED (12) MALABU OIL AND GAS LIMITED (13) ENERGY VENTURE PARTNERS LIMITED Defendants - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Roger Masefield QC and Richard Blakeley (instructed by Reynolds Porter Chamberlain LLP) for the Claimant Lord Goldsmith QC and James Willan (instructed by Debevoise & Plimpton LLP) for the 1st to 7th Defendants Richard Handyside QC and Alex Barden (instructed by Allen & Overy LLP) for the 8th to 11th Defendants Charles Fussell (Solicitor Advocate of Charles Fussell & Co LLP) for the 13th Defendant Hearing dates: 28, 29 and 30 April 2020 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Approved Judgment I direct that pursuant to CPR PD 39A para 6.1 no official shorthand note shall be taken of this Judgment and that copies of this version as handed down may be treated as authentic. ............................. MR JUSTICE BUTCHER Mr Justice Butcher FRN -v- Royal Dutch Shell PLC and others Approved Judgment Mr Justice Butcher : Introduction 1. -
Eni Exploration & Production in Kazakhstan
Eni Exploration & Production in Kazakhstan September 2015 Eni milestones in Kazakhstan | 1992 | 2002 | 2012 Eni acquired the exclusive right to explore and produce Kalamkas field discovery National Company to negotiate the development hydrocarbons at the ”KazMunayGas” officially entered of Karachaganak field under Kashagan field | 2003 Karachaganak Joint Venture PSA regime Aktoty and Kairan fields’ discovery | 1999 The Karachaganak Phase 2 | 2014 | 1993 Karachaganak Phase 2 of development completed. North Caspian Operating The Kazakhstan Caspyi Shelf of development started President of Kazakhstan, Company N.V. appointed as Consortium Agreement Nursultan Nazarbayev, a single entity operator of the was signed, providing 11 blocks | 2000 NCSPSA activities inaugurated “First Oil” of Phase 2 in the North Caspian Sea with Kashagan field discovery 2 Eni and National Company acreage 5.500 km | 2004 “KazMunaiGas” signed strategic | 2001 Approval of the Kashagan agreement which defines | 1997 A subsidiary of Eni, Agip Development Plan and Budget principal terms of cooperation Both the Karachaganak Final Caspian Sea B.V., selected for the joint development of the Production Sharing Agreement as sole operator under | 2005 Isatay block located in the (FPSA) and the North Caspian NCSPSA. Such role was National Company Kazakhstan Sector of the Caspian Sea Production Sharing delegated to Agip “KazMunayGas” officially entered Sea and construction of a ship Agreement (NCSPSA) were signed Kazakhstan North Caspian the Kashagan Project building and ship repair yard Operating Company N.V. in Kuryk - Mangistau region | 1998 (Agip KCO) | 2009 Eni appointed co-operator with President of the Republic NCOC became operator under | 2015 BG for Karachaganak field of Kazakhstan, Nursultan the NCSPSA with Agip KCO “KazMunaiGas” and Eni finalized Offshore Kazakhstan Nazarbayev, opened maintaining the responsibility an agreement that defines the International Operating Company a new power station at the as designated agent for Kashagan commercial terms of the transfer N.V.